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Kim HY, Shin S, Yoon JJ, Ahn YM, Song JH, Lee DS, Park JY, Lee HS, Jung J. Exploring the potential effect of electroacupuncture on cardiovascular function and lipid profiles in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Integr Med Res 2024; 13:101041. [PMID: 38948488 PMCID: PMC11214362 DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2024.101041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Investigating the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) treatment on cardiovascular function and aortic lipid profiles in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) constitutes the foundational focus of this study. The overarching goal is to comprehensively elucidate the alterations brought about by EA treatment and to assess its potential as an alternative therapy for hypertension. Methods Consecutive EA treatments were administered to SHR, and the effects on systolic blood pressure, cardiac function, and hypertension-related neuronal signals were assessed. Aortic lipid profiles in vehicle-treated SHR and EA-treated SHR groups were analyzed using mass spectrometry-based lipid profiling. Additionally, the expression of Cers2 and GNPAT, enzymes involved in the synthesis of specific aortic lipids, was examined. Results The study demonstrated that consecutive EA treatments restored systolic blood pressure, improved cardiovascular function, and normalized hypertension-related neuronal signals in SHR. Analysis of the aortic lipid profiles revealed distinct differences between the vehicle-treated SHR group and the EA-treated SHR group. Specifically, EA treatment significantly altered the levels of aortic sphingomyelin and phospholipids, including very long-chain fatty acyl-ceramides and ether phosphatidylcholines. These changes in aortic lipid profiles correlated significantly with systolic blood pressure and cardiac function indicators. Furthermore, EA treatment significantly altered the expression of Cers2 and GNPAT. Conclusions The findings suggest that EA may influence cardiovascular functions and aortic lipid profiles in SHR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Yoom Kim
- Hanbang Cardio-renal Research Center & Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Sarah Shin
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jung-Joo Yoon
- Hanbang Cardio-renal Research Center & Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - You-Mee Ahn
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Song
- College of Korean Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Da-Som Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Ji-Yeun Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Ho-Sub Lee
- Hanbang Cardio-renal Research Center & Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Jeeyoun Jung
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
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2
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Adamson SE, Adak S, Petersen MC, Higgins D, Spears LD, Zhang RM, Cedeno A, McKee A, Kumar A, Singh S, Hsu FF, McGill JB, Semenkovich CF. Decreased sarcoplasmic reticulum phospholipids in human skeletal muscle are associated with metabolic syndrome. J Lipid Res 2024; 65:100519. [PMID: 38354857 PMCID: PMC10937315 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2024.100519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome affects more than one in three adults and is associated with increased risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and all-cause mortality. Muscle insulin resistance is a major contributor to the development of the metabolic syndrome. Studies in mice have linked skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) phospholipid composition to sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase activity and insulin sensitivity. To determine if the presence of metabolic syndrome alters specific phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) species in human SR, we compared SR phospholipid composition in skeletal muscle from sedentary subjects with metabolic syndrome and sedentary control subjects without metabolic syndrome. Both total PC and total PE were significantly decreased in skeletal muscle SR of sedentary metabolic syndrome patients compared with sedentary controls, particularly in female participants, but there was no difference in the PC:PE ratio between groups. Total SR PC levels, but not total SR PE levels or PC:PE ratio, were significantly negatively correlated with BMI, waist circumference, total fat, visceral adipose tissue, triglycerides, fasting insulin, and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance. These findings are consistent with the existence of a relationship between skeletal muscle SR PC content and insulin resistance in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha E Adamson
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sangeeta Adak
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Max C Petersen
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Dustin Higgins
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Larry D Spears
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Rong Mei Zhang
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Andrea Cedeno
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Alexis McKee
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Aswathi Kumar
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sudhir Singh
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Fong-Fu Hsu
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Janet B McGill
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Clay F Semenkovich
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA; Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA.
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3
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Wu Y, Chen Y, Zhang M, Chiba H, Hui SP. Plasmalogen Profiling in Porcine Brain Tissues by LC-MS/MS. Foods 2023; 12:2990. [PMID: 37627989 PMCID: PMC10453910 DOI: 10.3390/foods12162990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasmalogen, a functional glycerophospholipid, is known for its beneficial nutritional effects, such as anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation. As the porcine brain is a plasmalogen-rich resource, this study aimed to explore its potential for plasmalogen-based health food product development, with special attention on whether and how the industrial production processes influence the plasmalogen content and composition. In the present work, plasmalogens from different porcine brain products were investigated using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The results indicated that all the porcine brain products showed abundant total plasmalogens, of which more than 95% were ethanolamine plasmalogen species. Acetone precipitation, ethanol extraction, and drying did not significantly affect the plasmalogen content, whereas repeated freeze-thaw cycles in the production process led to noticeable loss. The chemometric investigation suggested that raw products and glycerophospholipid products exhibited different profiles; furthermore, the concentration step seemed to impact the plasmalogen composition. The nutritional assessment revealed that porcine brain products showed favorable values of multiple indexes, including PUFA/SFA ratio, n-6/n-3 ratio, thrombogenicity index, and unsaturation index, suggesting a health-beneficial value. The current study not only shows the feasibility of producing porcine brain-derived plasmalogens, but also provides possible strategies for developing and quality-controlling dietary plasmalogen supplements and healthcare products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; (Y.W.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yifan Chen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; (Y.W.); (Y.C.)
| | - Min Zhang
- GLB Co., Ltd., 2-8 Mikage 2 Chome, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-0047, Japan;
| | - Hitoshi Chiba
- Department of Nutrition, Sapporo University of Health Sciences, Nakanuma Nishi-4-2-1-15, Higashi, Sapporo 007-0894, Japan;
| | - Shu-Ping Hui
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; (Y.W.); (Y.C.)
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4
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Merciai F, Musella S, Sommella E, Bertamino A, D'Ursi AM, Campiglia P. Development and application of a fast ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-trapped ion mobility mass spectrometry method for untargeted lipidomics. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1673:463124. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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5
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Koch J, Watschinger K, Werner ER, Keller MA. Tricky Isomers—The Evolution of Analytical Strategies to Characterize Plasmalogens and Plasmanyl Ether Lipids. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:864716. [PMID: 35573699 PMCID: PMC9092451 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.864716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Typically, glycerophospholipids are represented with two esterified fatty acids. However, by up to 20%, a significant proportion of this lipid class carries an ether-linked fatty alcohol side chain at the sn-1 position, generally referred to as ether lipids, which shape their specific physicochemical properties. Among those, plasmalogens represent a distinct subgroup characterized by an sn-1 vinyl-ether double bond. The total loss of ether lipids in severe peroxisomal defects such as rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata indicates their crucial contribution to diverse cellular functions. An aberrant ether lipid metabolism has also been reported in multifactorial conditions including Alzheimer’s disease. Understanding the underlying pathological implications is hampered by the still unclear exact functional spectrum of ether lipids, especially in regard to the differentiation between the individual contributions of plasmalogens (plasmenyl lipids) and their non-vinyl-ether lipid (plasmanyl) counterparts. A primary reason for this is that exact identification and quantification of plasmalogens and other ether lipids poses a challenging and usually labor-intensive task. Diverse analytical methods for the detection of plasmalogens have been developed. Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry is increasingly used to resolve complex lipid mixtures, and with optimized parameters and specialized fragmentation strategies, discrimination between ethers and plasmalogens is feasible. In this review, we recapitulate historic and current methodologies for the recognition and quantification of these important lipids and will discuss developments in this field that can contribute to the characterization of plasmalogens in high structural detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Koch
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Katrin Watschinger
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ernst R. Werner
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Markus A. Keller
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- *Correspondence: Markus A. Keller,
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6
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Lin Q, Li P, Fang M, Zhang D, Xia Y. Deep Profiling of Aminophospholipids Reveals a Dysregulated Desaturation Pattern in Breast Cancer Cell Lines. Anal Chem 2021; 94:820-828. [PMID: 34931817 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs), ether-PEs, and phosphatidylserines (PSs) are glycerophospholipids harboring a primary amino group in their headgroups. They are key components of mammalian cell membranes and play pivotal roles in cell signaling and apoptosis. In this study, a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) workflow for deep profiling of PEs, ether-PEs, and PSs has been developed by integrating two orthogonal derivatizations: (1) derivatization of the primary amino group by 4-trimethylammoniumbutyryl-N-hydroxysuccinimide (TMAB-NHS) for enhanced LC separation and MS detection and (2) the Paternò-Büchi (PB) reaction for carbon-carbon double bond (C═C) derivatization and localization. Significant improvement of the limit of identification down to the C═C location has been achieved for the standards of PSs (3 nM) and ether-PEs (20 nM). This workflow facilitates an identification of more than 200 molecular species of aminophospholipids in the porcine brain, two times more than those identified without TMAB-NHS derivatization. Importantly, we discovered that the n-10 isomers in C16:1 and C18:1 of aminophospholipids showed elevated contribution among other isomers, which correlated well with an increased transcription of the corresponding desaturase (FADS2) in the human breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231) relative to that in the normal cell line (HMEC). The abovementioned data suggest that lipid reprograming via forming different C═C location isomers might be an alternative mechanism in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaohong Lin
- Department of Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China
| | - Pengyun Li
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Mengxuan Fang
- Department of Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China.,School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Donghui Zhang
- Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China
| | - Yu Xia
- Department of Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China
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7
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Vítová M, Palyzová A, Řezanka T. Plasmalogens - Ubiquitous molecules occurring widely, from anaerobic bacteria to humans. Prog Lipid Res 2021; 83:101111. [PMID: 34147515 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2021.101111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Plasmalogens are a group of lipids mainly found in the cell membranes. They occur in anaerobic bacteria and in some protozoa, invertebrates and vertebrates, including humans. Their occurrence in plants and fungi is controversial. They can protect cells from damage by reactive oxygen species, protect other phospholipids or lipoprotein particles against oxidative stress, and have been implicated as signaling molecules and modulators of membrane dynamics. Biosynthesis in anaerobic and aerobic organisms occurs by different pathways, and the main biosynthetic pathway in anaerobic bacteria was clarified only this year (2021). Many different analytical techniques have been used for plasmalogen analysis, some of which are detailed below. These can be divided into two groups: shotgun lipidomics, or electrospray ionization mass spectrometry in combination with high performance liquid chromatography (LC-MS). The advantages and limitations of both techniques are discussed here, using examples from anaerobic bacteria to specialized mammalian (human) organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milada Vítová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Cell Cycles of Algae, Novohradská 237, 379 81 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Palyzová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Řezanka
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic.
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8
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Bonney JR, Prentice BM. Perspective on Emerging Mass Spectrometry Technologies for Comprehensive Lipid Structural Elucidation. Anal Chem 2021; 93:6311-6322. [PMID: 33856206 PMCID: PMC8177724 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Lipids and metabolites are of interest in many clinical and research settings because it is the metabolome that is increasingly recognized as a more dynamic and sensitive molecular measure of phenotype. The enormous diversity of lipid structures and the importance of biological structure-function relationships in a wide variety of applications makes accurate identification a challenging yet crucial area of research in the lipid community. Indeed, subtle differences in the chemical structures of lipids can have important implications in cellular metabolism and many disease pathologies. The speed, sensitivity, and molecular specificity afforded by modern mass spectrometry has led to its widespread adoption in the field of lipidomics on many different instrument platforms and experimental workflows. However, unambiguous and complete structural identification of lipids by mass spectrometry remains challenging. Increasingly sophisticated tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) approaches are now being developed and seamlessly integrated into lipidomics workflows to meet this challenge. These approaches generally either (i) alter the type of ion that is interrogated or (ii) alter the dissociation method in order to improve the structural information obtained from the MS/MS experiment. In this Perspective, we highlight recent advances in both ion type alteration and ion dissociation methods for lipid identification by mass spectrometry. This discussion is aimed to engage investigators involved in fundamental ion chemistry and technology developments as well as practitioners of lipidomics and its many applications. The rapid rate of technology development in recent years has accelerated and strengthened the ties between these two research communities. We identify the common characteristics and practical figures of merit of these emerging approaches and discuss ways these may catalyze future directions of lipid structural elucidation research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia R Bonney
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Boone M Prentice
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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9
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Endothelial ether lipids link the vasculature to blood pressure, behavior, and neurodegeneration. J Lipid Res 2021; 62:100079. [PMID: 33894211 PMCID: PMC8144742 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2021.100079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular disease contributes to neurodegeneration, which is associated with decreased blood pressure in older humans. Plasmalogens, ether phospholipids produced by peroxisomes, are decreased in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and other neurodegenerative disorders. However, the mechanistic links between ether phospholipids, blood pressure, and neurodegeneration are not fully understood. Here, we show that endothelium-derived ether phospholipids affect blood pressure, behavior, and neurodegeneration in mice. In young adult mice, inducible endothelial-specific disruption of PexRAP, a peroxisomal enzyme required for ether lipid synthesis, unexpectedly decreased circulating plasmalogens. PexRAP endothelial knockout (PEKO) mice responded normally to hindlimb ischemia but had lower blood pressure and increased plasma renin activity. In PEKO as compared with control mice, tyrosine hydroxylase was decreased in the locus coeruleus, which maintains blood pressure and arousal. PEKO mice moved less, slept more, and had impaired attention to and recall of environmental events as well as mild spatial memory deficits. In PEKO hippocampus, gliosis was increased, and a plasmalogen associated with memory was decreased. Despite lower blood pressure, PEKO mice had generally normal homotopic functional connectivity by optical neuroimaging of the cerebral cortex. Decreased glycogen synthase kinase-3 phosphorylation, a marker of neurodegeneration, was detected in PEKO cerebral cortex. In a co-culture system, PexRAP knockdown in brain endothelial cells decreased glycogen synthase kinase-3 phosphorylation in co-cultured astrocytes that was rescued by incubation with the ether lipid alkylglycerol. Taken together, our findings suggest that endothelium-derived ether lipids mediate several biological processes and may also confer neuroprotection in mice.
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10
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Sailer S, Keller MA, Werner ER, Watschinger K. The Emerging Physiological Role of AGMO 10 Years after Its Gene Identification. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11020088. [PMID: 33530536 PMCID: PMC7911779 DOI: 10.3390/life11020088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The gene encoding alkylglycerol monooxygenase (AGMO) was assigned 10 years ago. So far, AGMO is the only known enzyme capable of catalysing the breakdown of alkylglycerols and lyso-alkylglycerophospholipids. With the knowledge of the genetic information, it was possible to relate a potential contribution for mutations in the AGMO locus to human diseases by genome-wide association studies. A possible role for AGMO was implicated by genetic analyses in a variety of human pathologies such as type 2 diabetes, neurodevelopmental disorders, cancer, and immune defence. Deficient catabolism of stored lipids carrying an alkyl bond by an absence of AGMO was shown to impact on the overall lipid composition also outside the ether lipid pool. This review focuses on the current evidence of AGMO in human diseases and summarises experimental evidence for its role in immunity, energy homeostasis, and development in humans and several model organisms. With the progress in lipidomics platform and genetic identification of enzymes involved in ether lipid metabolism such as AGMO, it is now possible to study the consequence of gene ablation on the global lipid pool and further on certain signalling cascades in a variety of model organisms in more detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Sailer
- Biocenter, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (S.S.); (E.R.W.)
| | - Markus A. Keller
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
| | - Ernst R. Werner
- Biocenter, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (S.S.); (E.R.W.)
| | - Katrin Watschinger
- Biocenter, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (S.S.); (E.R.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-512-9003-70344
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11
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Abstract
To understand the interplay of lipids between Leishmania promastigotes, amastigotes, and vertebrate host cells, a robust method for cultivating Leishmania parasites, lipid extraction, and shotgun lipidomic analysis with loop injection is described. This book chapter provides the step-by-step workflow to guide readers from sample preparation to the global lipid analysis by multiple stage mass spectrometry with high resolution and tandem quadrupole mass spectrometric approaches toward studying the metabolomic roles that lipids may play in Leishmania parasite infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Fong-Fu Hsu
- Mass Spectrometry Resource, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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12
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Tomečková L, Tomčala A, Oborník M, Hampl V. The Lipid Composition of Euglena gracilis Middle Plastid Membrane Resembles That of Primary Plastid Envelopes. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 184:2052-2063. [PMID: 33008834 PMCID: PMC7723114 DOI: 10.1104/pp.20.00505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Euglena gracilis is a photosynthetic flagellate possessing chlorophyte-derived secondary plastids that are enclosed by only three enveloping membranes, unlike most secondary plastids, which are surrounded by four membranes. It has generally been assumed that the two innermost E. gracilis plastid envelopes originated from the primary plastid, while the outermost is of eukaryotic origin. It was suggested that nucleus-encoded plastid proteins pass through the middle and innermost plastid envelopes of E. gracilis by machinery homologous to the translocons of outer and inner chloroplast membranes, respectively. Although recent genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic data proved the presence of a reduced form of the translocon of inner membrane, they failed to identify any outer-membrane translocon homologs, which raised the question of the origin of E. gracilis's middle plastid envelope. Here, we compared the lipid composition of whole cells of the pigmented E. gracilis strain Z and two bleached mutants that lack detectable plastid structures, W10BSmL and WgmZOflL We determined the lipid composition of E. gracilis strain Z mitochondria and plastids, and of plastid subfractions (thylakoids and envelopes), using HPLC high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry, thin-layer chromatography, and gas chromatography-flame ionization detection analytical techniques. Phosphoglycerolipids are the main structural lipids in mitochondria, while glycosyldiacylglycerols are the major structural lipids of plastids and also predominate in extracts of whole mixotrophic cells. Glycosyldiacylglycerols were detected in both bleached mutants, indicating that mutant cells retain some plastid remnants. Additionally, we discuss the origin of the E. gracilis middle plastid envelope based on the lipid composition of envelope fraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Tomečková
- Department of Parasitology, BIOCEV, Faculty of Science, Charles University, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Tomčala
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Water, CENAKVA, Institute of Aquaculture and Protection of Waters, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Oborník
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Hampl
- Department of Parasitology, BIOCEV, Faculty of Science, Charles University, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic
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13
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Manzi M, Palazzo M, Knott ME, Beauseroy P, Yankilevich P, Giménez MI, Monge ME. Coupled Mass-Spectrometry-Based Lipidomics Machine Learning Approach for Early Detection of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. J Proteome Res 2020; 20:841-857. [PMID: 33207877 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A discovery-based lipid profiling study of serum samples from a cohort that included patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) stages I, II, III, and IV (n = 112) and controls (n = 52) was performed using ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry and machine learning techniques. Multivariate models based on support vector machines and the LASSO variable selection method yielded two discriminant lipid panels for ccRCC detection and early diagnosis. A 16-lipid panel allowed discriminating ccRCC patients from controls with 95.7% accuracy in a training set under cross-validation and 77.1% accuracy in an independent test set. A second model trained to discriminate early (I and II) from late (III and IV) stage ccRCC yielded a panel of 26 compounds that classified stage I patients from an independent test set with 82.1% accuracy. Thirteen species, including cholic acid, undecylenic acid, lauric acid, LPC(16:0/0:0), and PC(18:2/18:2), identified with level 1 exhibited significantly lower levels in samples from ccRCC patients compared to controls. Moreover, 3α-hydroxy-5α-androstan-17-one 3-sulfate, cis-5-dodecenoic acid, arachidonic acid, cis-13-docosenoic acid, PI(16:0/18:1), PC(16:0/18:2), and PC(O-16:0/20:4) contributed to discriminate early from late ccRCC stage patients. The results are auspicious for early ccRCC diagnosis after validation of the panels in larger and different cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malena Manzi
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bionanociencias (CIBION), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2390, C1425FQD CABA, Argentina.,Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Junín 956, C1113AAD Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Martín Palazzo
- LM2S, Université de Technologie de Troyes, 12 rue Marie-Curie, CS42060 Troyes, France.,Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires (IBioBA), CONICET, Instituto Partner de la Sociedad Max Planck, Godoy Cruz 2390, C1425FQD CABA, Argentina
| | - María Elena Knott
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bionanociencias (CIBION), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2390, C1425FQD CABA, Argentina
| | - Pierre Beauseroy
- LM2S, Université de Technologie de Troyes, 12 rue Marie-Curie, CS42060 Troyes, France
| | - Patricio Yankilevich
- Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires (IBioBA), CONICET, Instituto Partner de la Sociedad Max Planck, Godoy Cruz 2390, C1425FQD CABA, Argentina
| | - María Isabel Giménez
- Departamento de Diagnóstico y Tratamiento, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Tte. Gral. Juan Domingo Perón 4190, C1199ABB CABA, Argentina
| | - María Eugenia Monge
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bionanociencias (CIBION), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2390, C1425FQD CABA, Argentina
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14
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Kim J, Hoppel CL. Identification of unusual phospholipids from bovine heart mitochondria by HPLC-MS/MS. J Lipid Res 2020; 61:1707-1719. [PMID: 32998976 PMCID: PMC7707168 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.ra120001044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Phospholipids, including ether phospholipids, are composed of numerous isomeric and isobaric species that have the same backbone and acyl chains. This structural resemblance results in similar fragmentation patterns by collision-induced dissociation of phospholipids regardless of class, yielding complicated MS/MS spectra when isobaric species are analyzed together. Furthermore, the presence of isobaric species can lead to misassignment of species when made solely based on their molecular weights. In this study, we used normal-phase HPLC for ESI-MS/MS analysis of phospholipids from bovine heart mitochondria. Class separation by HPLC eliminates chances for misidentification of isobaric species from different classes of phospholipids. Chromatography yields simple MS/MS spectra without interference from isobaric species, allowing clear identification of peaks corresponding to fragmented ions containing monoacylglycerol backbone derived from losing one acyl chain. Using these fragmented ions, we characterized individual and isomeric species in each class of mitochondrial phospholipids, including unusual species, such as PS, containing an ether linkage and species containing odd-numbered acyl chains in cardiolipin, PS, PI, and PG. We also characterized monolysocardiolipin and dilysocardiolipin, the least abundant but nevertheless important mitochondrial phospholipids. The results clearly show the power of HPLC-MS/MS for identification and characterization of phospholipids, including minor species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhwan Kim
- Center for Mitochondrial Diseases, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Charles L Hoppel
- Center for Mitochondrial Diseases, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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15
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Koch J, Lackner K, Wohlfarter Y, Sailer S, Zschocke J, Werner ER, Watschinger K, Keller MA. Unequivocal Mapping of Molecular Ether Lipid Species by LC-MS/MS in Plasmalogen-Deficient Mice. Anal Chem 2020; 92:11268-11276. [PMID: 32692545 PMCID: PMC7439256 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Deficient ether lipid biosynthesis in rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata and other disorders is associated with a wide range of severe symptoms including small stature with proximal shortening of the limbs, contractures, facial dysmorphism, congenital cataracts, ichthyosis, spasticity, microcephaly, and mental disability. Mouse models are available but show less severe symptoms. In both humans and mice, it has remained elusive which of the symptoms can be attributed to lack of plasmanyl or plasmenyl ether lipids. The latter compounds, better known as plasmalogens, harbor a vinyl ether double bond conferring special chemical and physical properties. Discrimination between plasmanyl and plasmenyl ether lipids is a major analytical challenge, especially in complex lipid extracts with many isobaric species. Consequently, these lipids are often neglected also in recent lipidomic studies. Here, we present a comprehensive LC-MS/MS based approach that allows unequivocal distinction of these two lipid subclasses based on their chromatographic properties. The method was validated using a novel plasmalogen-deficient mouse model, which lacks plasmanylethanolamine desaturase and therefore cannot form plasmenyl ether lipids. We demonstrate that plasmanylethanolamine desaturase deficiency causes an accumulation of plasmanyl species, a too little studied but biologically important substance class.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Koch
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Katharina Lackner
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Yvonne Wohlfarter
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sabrina Sailer
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johannes Zschocke
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ernst R Werner
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Katrin Watschinger
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Markus A Keller
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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16
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Wu Y, Chen Z, Chiba H, Hui SP. Plasmalogen fingerprint alteration and content reduction in beef during boiling, roasting, and frying. Food Chem 2020; 322:126764. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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17
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Randolph CE, Shenault DM, Blanksby SJ, McLuckey SA. Structural Elucidation of Ether Glycerophospholipids Using Gas-Phase Ion/Ion Charge Inversion Chemistry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2020; 31:1093-1103. [PMID: 32251588 PMCID: PMC7328668 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.0c00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Ether lipids represent a unique subclass of glycerophospholipid (GPL) that possesses a 1-O-alkyl (i.e., plasmanyl subclass) or a 1-O-alk-1'-enyl (i.e., plasmenyl subclass) group linked at the sn-1 position of the glycerol backbone. As changes in ether GPL composition and abundance are associated with numerous human pathologies, analytical strategies capable of providing high-level structural detail are desirable. While mass spectrometry (MS) has emerged as a prominent tool for lipid structural elucidation in biological extracts, distinctions between the various isomeric forms of ether-linked GPLs have remained a significant challenge for tandem MS, principally due to similarities in the conventional tandem mass spectra obtained from the two ether-linked subclasses. To distinguish plasmanyl and plasmenyl GPLs, a multistage (i.e., MSn where n = 3 or 4) mass spectrometric approach reliant on low-energy collision-induced dissociation (CID) is required. While this method facilitates assignment of the sn-1 bond type (i.e., 1-O-alkyl versus 1-O-alk-1'-enyl), a composite distribution of isomers is left unresolved, as carbon-carbon double-bond (C=C) positions cannot be localized in the sn-2 fatty acyl substituent. In this study, we combine a systematic MSn approach with two unique gas-phase charge inversion ion/ion chemistries to elucidate ether GPL structures with high-level detail. Ultimately, we assign both the sn-1 bond type and sites of unsaturation in the sn-2 fatty acyl substituent using an entirely gas-phase MS-based workflow. Application of this workflow to human blood plasma extract permitted isomeric resolution and in-depth structural identification of major and, in some cases, minor isomeric contributors to ether GPLs that have been previously unresolved when examined via conventional methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin E. Randolph
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084, USA
| | | | - Stephen J. Blanksby
- Central Analytical Research Facility, Institute for Future Environments, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Scott A. McLuckey
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084, USA
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18
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Peng B, Kopczynski D, Pratt BS, Ejsing CS, Burla B, Hermansson M, Benke PI, Tan SH, Chan MY, Torta F, Schwudke D, Meckelmann SW, Coman C, Schmitz OJ, MacLean B, Manke MC, Borst O, Wenk MR, Hoffmann N, Ahrends R. LipidCreator workbench to probe the lipidomic landscape. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2057. [PMID: 32345972 PMCID: PMC7188904 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15960-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mass spectrometry (MS)-based targeted lipidomics enables the robust quantification of selected lipids under various biological conditions but comprehensive software tools to support such analyses are lacking. Here we present LipidCreator, a software that fully supports targeted lipidomics assay development. LipidCreator offers a comprehensive framework to compute MS/MS fragment masses for over 60 lipid classes. LipidCreator provides all functionalities needed to define fragments, manage stable isotope labeling, optimize collision energy and generate in silico spectral libraries. We validate LipidCreator assays computationally and analytically and prove that it is capable to generate large targeted experiments to analyze blood and to dissect lipid-signaling pathways such as in human platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Peng
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V., 44139, Dortmund, Germany
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dominik Kopczynski
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V., 44139, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Brian S Pratt
- University of Washington, Department of Genome Sciences, WA, 98195, Seattle, USA
| | - Christer S Ejsing
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, DK-, 5230, Odense, Denmark
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bo Burla
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator (SLING), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, 117456, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Martin Hermansson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, DK-, 5230, Odense, Denmark
- Wihuri Research Institute, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Peter Imre Benke
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator (SLING), Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117596, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sock Hwee Tan
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Hospital, 119228, Singapore, Singapore
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mark Y Chan
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Hospital, 119228, Singapore, Singapore
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore, Singapore
- National University Heart Centre, National University Health System, 117599, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Federico Torta
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator (SLING), Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117596, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dominik Schwudke
- Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
- Airway Research Center North Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 22927, Großhansdorf, Germany
| | - Sven W Meckelmann
- Applied Analytical Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Cristina Coman
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V., 44139, Dortmund, Germany
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Oliver J Schmitz
- Applied Analytical Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Brendan MacLean
- University of Washington, Department of Genome Sciences, WA, 98195, Seattle, USA
| | - Mailin-Christin Manke
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Oliver Borst
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Markus R Wenk
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator (SLING), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, 117456, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator (SLING), Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117596, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nils Hoffmann
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V., 44139, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Robert Ahrends
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V., 44139, Dortmund, Germany.
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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19
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Gao L, Cazenave-Gassiot A, Burla B, Wenk MR, Torta F. Dual mass spectrometry as a tool to improve annotation and quantification in targeted plasma lipidomics. Metabolomics 2020; 16:53. [PMID: 32303853 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-020-01677-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION High quality data, based on reliable quantification and clear identification of the reported lipid species, are required for the clinical translation of human plasma lipidomic studies. OBJECTIVE Lipid quantification can be efficiently performed on triple quadrupole (QqQ) mass spectrometers in targeted multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. However, a series of issues can be encountered when aiming at unambiguous identification and accurate quantification, including (i) resolving peaks of polyunsaturated species, (ii) discriminating between plasmanyl-, plasmenyl- and odd chain species and (iii) resolving the isotopic overlap between co-eluting lipid species. METHODS As a practical tool to improve the quality of targeted lipidomics studies, we applied a Dual MS platform by simultaneously coupling a reversed-phase liquid chromatography separation to a QqQ and a quadrupole-time of flight (Q-ToF) mass spectrometers. In one single experiment, this platform allows to correctly identify, by high-resolution MS and MS/MS, the peaks that are quantified by MRM. RESULTS As proof of concept, we applied the platform on glycerophosphocholines (GPCs) and sphingomyelins (SMs), which are highly abundant in human plasma and play crucial roles in various physiological functions. Our results demonstrated that Dual MS could provide a higher level of confidence in the identification and quantification of GPCs and SMs in human plasma. The same approach can also be applied to improve the study of other lipid classes and expanded for the identification of novel lipid molecular species. CONCLUSIONS This methodology might have a great potential to achieve a better specificity in the quantification of lipids by targeted lipidomics in high-throughput studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Gao
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator (SLING), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Amaury Cazenave-Gassiot
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator (SLING), Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bo Burla
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator (SLING), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Markus R Wenk
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator (SLING), Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Federico Torta
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator (SLING), Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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20
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Lin Q, Zhang D, Xia Y. Analysis of ether glycerophosphocholines at the level of CC locations from human plasma. Analyst 2020; 145:513-522. [DOI: 10.1039/c9an01515a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Near-complete structural characterization is achieved for ether PCs by coupling offline Paternò–Büchi derivatization with MS/MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaohong Lin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology
- Department of Chemistry
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- P. R. China
| | - Donghui Zhang
- Department of Precision Instrument
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- P. R. China
| | - Yu Xia
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology
- Department of Chemistry
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- P. R. China
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21
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Angerer TB, Velickovic D, Nicora CD, Kyle JE, Graham DJ, Anderton C, Gamble LJ. Exploiting the Semidestructive Nature of Gas Cluster Ion Beam Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry Imaging for Simultaneous Localization and Confident Lipid Annotations. Anal Chem 2019; 91:15073-15080. [PMID: 31659904 PMCID: PMC7430256 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b03763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Lipids have been recognized as key players in cell signaling and disease. Information on their location and distribution within a biological system, under varying conditions, is necessary to understand the contributions of different lipid species to an altered phenotype. Imaging mass spectrometry techniques, such as time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI), are capable of revealing global lipid distributions in tissues in an untargeted fashion. However, to confidently identify the species present in a sample, orthogonal analyses like tandem MS (MS/MS) are often required. This can be accomplished by bulk sample analysis with liquid chromatography (LC)-MS/MS, which can provide confident lipid identifications, at the expense of losing location-specific information. Here, using planarian flatworms as a model system, we demonstrate that imaging gas cluster ion beam (GCIB)-ToF-SIMS has the unique capability to simultaneously detect, identify, and image lipid species with subcellular resolution in tissue sections. The parallel detection of both, intact lipids and their respective fragments, allows for unique identification of some species without the need of performing an additional orthogonal MS/MS analysis. This was accomplished by correlating intact lipid and associated fragment SIMS images. The lipid assignments, respective fragment identities, and locations gathered from ToF-SIMS data were confirmed via LC-MS/MS on lipid extracts and ultrahigh mass resolution MALDI-MS imaging. Together, these data show that the semidestructive nature of ToF-SIMS can be utilized advantageously to enable both confident molecular annotations and to determine the locations of species within a biological sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina B. Angerer
- NESACBIO, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Dusan Velickovic
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354
| | - Carrie D. Nicora
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354
| | - Jennifer E. Kyle
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354
| | - Daniel J. Graham
- NESACBIO, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Christopher Anderton
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354
| | - Lara J. Gamble
- NESACBIO, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
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22
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Jones JW, Sarkar C, Lipinski MM, Kane MA. Detection and Structural Characterization of Ether Glycerophosphoethanolamine from Cortical Lysosomes Following Traumatic Brain Injury Using UPLC-HDMS E. Proteomics 2019; 19:e1800297. [PMID: 30790445 PMCID: PMC7565256 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201800297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The use of ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled to data independent tandem mass spectrometry with traveling wave ion mobility for detection and structural identification of ether-linked glycerophosphoethanolamine is described. The experimental design generates 4D data (chromatographic retention time, precursor accurate mass, drift time with associated calculated collisional cross-section, and time-aligned accurate mass diagnostic product ions) for each ionization mode. Confident structure identification depends on satisfying 4D data confirmation in both positive and negative ion mode. Using this methodology, a number of ether-linked glycerophosphoethanolamine lipids are structurally elucidated from mouse brain lysosomes. It is further determined that several ether-linked glycerophosphoethanolamine structures are differentially abundant between lysosomes isolated from mouse cortex following traumatic brain injury as compared to that of sham animals. The combined effort of aligning multi-dimensional mass spectrometry data with a well-defined traumatic brain injury model lays the foundation for gaining mechanistic insight in the role lysosomal membrane damage plays in neuronal cell death following brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jace W Jones
- University of Maryland, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Chinmoy Sarkar
- University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Marta M Lipinski
- University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Maureen A Kane
- University of Maryland, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
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23
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He X, Chen GY, Zhang Q. Comprehensive Identification of Amadori Compound-Modified Phosphatidylethanolamines in Human Plasma. Chem Res Toxicol 2019; 32:1449-1457. [PMID: 31188577 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Amadori compound modified lipids are the result of nonenzymatic glycation and play an important role in several physiological and pathological processes. However, glycation of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), the most abundant amine-containing lipid in blood plasma, is underexplored and so far only a few glycated PEs have been reported. Herein, we report comprehensive profiling of Amadori-PE and -LysoPE species in human plasma. Using synthetic standards, we first optimized the enrichment procedure for extracting Amadori-PE/LysoPE from plasma. On the basis of the characteristic neutral losses of 303 Da in positive and 162 Da in negative ionization mode, we then applied neural loss scanning-liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-NLS-MS) to identify potentially glycated PE and LysoPE, which was followed by targeted product ion scanning (LC-PIS-MS) to confidently confirm the fatty acyl substitutions of the modified lipids. A total of 20 Amadori-LysoPE and 62 Amadori-PE species, including diacyl, plasmanyl, and plasmenyl, were identified. Among them, the concentrations of 12 Amarodi-LysoPE and 54 Amadori-PE were also quantified in native human plasma, using stable isotope labeled Amadori lipids as internal standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo He
- Center for Translational Biomedical Research , University of North Carolina at Greensboro , North Carolina Research Campus , Kannapolis , North Carolina 28081 , United States
| | - Guan-Yuan Chen
- Center for Translational Biomedical Research , University of North Carolina at Greensboro , North Carolina Research Campus , Kannapolis , North Carolina 28081 , United States
| | - Qibin Zhang
- Center for Translational Biomedical Research , University of North Carolina at Greensboro , North Carolina Research Campus , Kannapolis , North Carolina 28081 , United States.,Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry , University of North Carolina at Greensboro , Greensboro , North Carolina 27412 , United States
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24
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Angerer TB, Chakravarty N, Taylor MJ, Nicora CD, Graham DJ, Anderton CR, Chudler EH, Gamble LJ. Insights into the histology of planarian flatworm Phagocata gracilis based on location specific, intact lipid information provided by GCIB-ToF-SIMS imaging. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2019; 1864:733-743. [PMID: 30731132 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2019.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Planarian flatworms are known as the masters of regeneration, re-growing an entire organism from as little as 1/279th part of their body. While the proteomics of these processes has been studied extensively, the planarian lipodome remains relatively unknown. In this study we investigate the lipid profile of planarian tissue sections with imaging Time-of-Flight - Secondary-Ion-Mass-Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS). ToF-SIMS is a label-free technique capable of gathering intact, location specific lipid information on a cellular scale. Lipid identities are confirmed using LC-MS/MS. Our data shows that different organ structures within planarians have unique lipid profiles. The 22-carbon atom poly unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) which occur in unusually high amounts in planarians are found to be mainly located in the testes. Additionally, we observe that planarians contain various odd numbered fatty acid species, that are usually found in bacteria, localized in the reproductive and ectodermal structures of the planarian. An abundance of poorly understood ether fatty acids and ether lipids were found in unique areas in planarians as well as a new, yet unidentified class of potential lipids in planarian intestines. Identifying the location of these lipids in the planarian body provides insights into their bodily functions and, in combination with knowledge about their diet and their genome, enables drawing conclusions about planarian fatty acid processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina B Angerer
- NESACBIO, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America; Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Neil Chakravarty
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Michael J Taylor
- NESACBIO, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America; Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Carrie D Nicora
- Earth and Biological Science Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States of America
| | - Daniel J Graham
- NESACBIO, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America; Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Christopher R Anderton
- Earth and Biological Science Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States of America
| | - Eric H Chudler
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Lara J Gamble
- NESACBIO, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America; Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America.
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Bandu R, Mok HJ, Kim KP. Phospholipids as cancer biomarkers: Mass spectrometry-based analysis. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2018; 37:107-138. [PMID: 27276657 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Lipids, particularly phospholipids (PLs), are key components of cellular membrane. PLs play important and diverse roles in cells such as chemical-energy storage, cellular signaling, cell membranes, and cell-cell interactions in tissues. All these cellular processes are pertinent to cells that undergo transformation, cancer progression, and metastasis. Thus, there is a strong possibility that some classes of PLs are expected to present in cancer cells and tissues in cellular physiology. The mass spectrometric soft-ionization techniques, electrospray ionization (ESI), and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) are well-established in the proteomics field, have been used for lipidomic analysis in cancer research. This review focused on the applications of mass spectrometry (MS) mainly on ESI-MS and MALDI-MS in the structural characterization, molecular composition and key roles of various PLs present in cancer cells, tissues, blood, and urine, and on their importance for cancer-related problems as well as challenges for development of novel PL-based biomarkers. The profiling of PLs helps to rationalize their functions in biological systems, and will also provide diagnostic information to elucidate mechanisms behind the control of cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative diseases. The investigation of cellular PLs with MS methods suggests new insights on various cancer diseases and clinical applications in the drug discovery and development of biomarkers for various PL-related different cancer diseases. PL profiling in tissues, cells and body fluids also reflect the general condition of the whole organism and can indicate the existence of cancer and other diseases. PL profiling with MS opens new prospects to assess alterations of PLs in cancer, screening specific biomarkers and provide a basis for the development of novel therapeutic strategies. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev 37:107-138, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raju Bandu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Applied Science, Kyung Hee University, Yong-in City, 446-701, Korea
| | - Hyuck Jun Mok
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Applied Science, Kyung Hee University, Yong-in City, 446-701, Korea
| | - Kwang Pyo Kim
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Applied Science, Kyung Hee University, Yong-in City, 446-701, Korea
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Comprehensive analysis of phospholipids in the brain, heart, kidney, and liver: brain phospholipids are least enriched with polyunsaturated fatty acids. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 442:187-201. [PMID: 28993959 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-3203-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
It is commonly accepted that brain phospholipids are highly enriched with long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). However, the evidence for this remains unclear. We used HPLC-MS to analyze the content and composition of phospholipids in rat brain and compared it to the heart, kidney, and liver. Phospholipids typically contain one PUFA, such as 18:2, 20:4, or 22:6, and one saturated fatty acid, such as 16:0 or 18:0. However, we found that brain phospholipids containing monounsaturated fatty acids in the place of PUFAs are highly elevated compared to phospholipids in the heart, kidney, and liver. The relative content of phospholipid containing PUFAs is ~ 60% in the brain, whereas it is over 90% in other tissues. The most abundant species of phosphatidylcholine (PC) is PC(16:0/18:1) in the brain, whereas PC(18:0/20:4) and PC(16:0/20:4) are predominated in other tissues. Moreover, several major species of plasmanyl and plasmenyl phosphatidylethanolamine are found to contain monounsaturated fatty acid in the brain only. Overall, our data clearly show that brain phospholipids are the least enriched with PUFAs of the four major organs, challenging the common belief that the brain is highly enriched with PUFAs.
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Wehrli PM, Angerer TB, Farewell A, Fletcher JS, Gottfries J. Investigating the Role of the Stringent Response in Lipid Modifications during the Stationary Phase in E. coli by Direct Analysis with Time-of-Flight-Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2016; 88:8680-8. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b01981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M. Wehrli
- Department
of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Centre for Antibiotic
Resistance Research (CARe), University of Gothenburg, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tina B. Angerer
- Department
of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anne Farewell
- Department
of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Centre for Antibiotic
Resistance Research (CARe), University of Gothenburg, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - John S. Fletcher
- Department
of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Johan Gottfries
- Department
of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Centre for Antibiotic
Resistance Research (CARe), University of Gothenburg, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Valero-Guillén PL, Fernández-Natal I, Marrodán-Ciordia T, Tauch A, Soriano F. Ether-linked lipids of Dermabacter hominis, a human skin actinobacterium. Chem Phys Lipids 2016; 196:24-32. [PMID: 26867985 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Dermabacter hominis is a medically important actinobacterial inhabitant of human skin, although it is rarely implicated in infections. The lipid composition of D. hominis is revisited in this study in the context of its natural resistance to daptomycin, an antibiotic whose activity is influenced by membrane lipids. Thin layer chromatography and mass spectrometry revealed that this species contains phospholipids and glycolipids. Using electrospray ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (exact mass) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, the major phospholipid of D. hominis was identified as plasmanyl-phosphatidylglycerol (pPG), because it presented one alkyl chain and one acyl chain in the glycerol moiety of the molecule. The structure of the major glycolipid (GL1) was studied by combined gas-liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance, and was established as galactosyl-α-(1→2)-glucosyl-alkyl-acyl-glycerol. Lipid analyses showed differences between one daptomycin-resistant (DAP-R) strain and one daptomycin-sensitive (DAP-S) strain growing in the presence of the antibiotic: DAP-R tended to accumulate GL1 and to reduce pPG, whereas DAP-S maintained high proportions of pPG. The results demonstrate the existence of ether-linked lipids in D. hominis and reveal a differential distribution of phospholipids and glycolipids according to the sensitivity or resistance to daptomycin, although the mechanism(s) operating in the resistance to the antibiotic remain(s) to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro L Valero-Guillén
- Departamento de Genética y Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Spain.
| | - Isabel Fernández-Natal
- Departamento de Microbiología Clínica, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León-Sacyl, León, Spain; Instituto de Biomedicina (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Teresa Marrodán-Ciordia
- Departamento de Microbiología Clínica, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León-Sacyl, León, Spain
| | - Andreas Tauch
- Institut für Genomforschung und Systembiologie, Centrum für Biotechnologie (CeBiTec), Universität Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
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Kim J, Lampe JW, Yin T, Shinozaki K, Becker LB. Phospholipid alterations in the brain and heart in a rat model of asphyxia-induced cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary bypass resuscitation. Mol Cell Biochem 2015; 408:273-81. [PMID: 26160279 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-015-2505-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac arrest (CA) induces whole-body ischemia, causing damage to multiple organs. Ischemic damage to the brain is mainly responsible for patient mortality. However, the molecular mechanism responsible for brain damage is not understood. Prior studies have provided evidence that degradation of membrane phospholipids plays key roles in ischemia/reperfusion injury. The aim of this study is to correlate organ damage to phospholipid alterations following 30 min asphyxia-induced CA or CA followed by cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) resuscitation using a rat model. Following 30 min CA and CPB resuscitation, rats showed no brain function, moderately compromised heart function, and died within a few hours; typical outcomes of severe CA. However, we did not find any significant change in the content or composition of phospholipids in either tissue following 30 min CA or CA followed by CPB resuscitation. We found a substantial increase in lysophosphatidylinositol in both tissues, and a small increase in lysophosphatidylethanolamine and lysophosphatidylcholine only in brain tissue following CA. CPB resuscitation significantly decreased lysophosphatidylinositol but did not alter the other lyso species. These results indicate that a decrease in phospholipids is not a cause of brain damage in CA or a characteristic of brain ischemia. However, a significant increase in lysophosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylethanolamine found only in the brain with more damage suggests that impaired phospholipid metabolism may be correlated with the severity of ischemia in CA. In addition, the unique response of lysophosphatidylinositol suggests that phosphatidylinositol metabolism is highly sensitive to cellular conditions altered by ischemia and resuscitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhwan Kim
- Center for Resuscitation Science, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3501 Civic Center Boulevard, Suite 6023, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-4399, USA.
| | - Joshua W Lampe
- Center for Resuscitation Science, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3501 Civic Center Boulevard, Suite 6023, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-4399, USA
| | - Tai Yin
- Center for Resuscitation Science, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3501 Civic Center Boulevard, Suite 6023, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-4399, USA
| | - Koichiro Shinozaki
- Center for Resuscitation Science, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3501 Civic Center Boulevard, Suite 6023, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-4399, USA
| | - Lance B Becker
- Center for Resuscitation Science, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3501 Civic Center Boulevard, Suite 6023, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-4399, USA
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30
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Fuchs B. Analytical methods for (oxidized) plasmalogens: Methodological aspects and applications. Free Radic Res 2015; 49:599-617. [DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2014.999675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Characterization of polar lipids of Listeria monocytogenes by HCD and low-energy CAD linear ion-trap mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:2519-28. [PMID: 25656850 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8480-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2014] [Revised: 12/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) is a facultative, Gram-positive, food-borne bacterium, which causes serious infections. Although it is known that lipids play important roles in the survival of Listeria, the detailed structures of these lipids have not been established. In this contribution, we described linear ion-trap multiple-stage mass spectrometric approaches with high-resolution mass spectrometry toward complete structural analysis including the identities of the fatty acid substituents and their position on the glycerol backbone of the polar lipids, mainly phosphatidylglycerol, cardiolipin (CL), and lysyl-CL from L. monocytogenes. The location of the methyl side group along the fatty acid chain in each lipid family was characterized by a charge-switch strategy. This is achieved by first alkaline hydrolysis to release the fatty acid substituents, followed by tandem mass spectrometry on their N-(4-aminomethylphenyl) pyridinium (AMPP) derivatives as the M+ ions. Several findings in this study are unique: (1) we confirm the presence of a plasmalogen PG family that has not been previous reported; (2) an ion arising from a rare internal loss of lysylglycerol residue was observed in the MS(2) spectrum of lysyl-CL, permitting its distinction from other CL subfamilies.
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Abstract
Glycerophospholipids are phosphodiesters of glycerol and an alcohol referred to as the polar headgroup. The two glycerol carbinol groups are typically esterified with long chain fatty acyl groups which impart hydrophobic character to these otherwise polar molecules. The simplest glycerophospholipid is phosphatidic acid which is a monophosphoester of diacylglycerol. The common polar headgroups are choline, ethanolamine, serine, inositol, and glycerol which divide the phospholipids into different classes. This chapter discusses glycerophosphocholine lipids (PC), glycerophosphoethanolamine lipids (PE), phosphatidylserine (PS), phosphatidic acid (PA), phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), bis(acyl-lysophosphatidyl)glycerol (BMP) and cardiolipin.
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Hsu FF, Lodhi IJ, Turk J, Semenkovich CF. Structural distinction of diacyl-, alkylacyl, and alk-1-enylacyl glycerophosphocholines as [M - 15]⁻ ions by multiple-stage linear ion-trap mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2014; 25:1412-20. [PMID: 24781459 PMCID: PMC4331342 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-014-0908-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Revised: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
We describe a linear ion-trap (LIT) multiple-stage (MS(n)) mass spectrometric approach towards differentiation of alkylacyl, alk-1-enylacyl- and diacyl-glycerophoscholines (PCs) as the [M - 15]⁻ ions desorbed by electrospray ionization (ESI) in the negative-ion mode. The MS⁴ mass spectra of the [M - 15 - R²'CH = CO]⁻ ions originated from the three PC subfamilies are readily distinguishable, resulting in unambiguous distinction of the lipid classes. This method is applied to two alkyl ether rich PC mixtures isolated from murine bone marrow neutrophils and kidney, respectively, to explore its utility in the characterization of complex PC mixture of biological origin, resulting in the realization of the detailed structures of the PC species, including various classes and many minor isobaric isomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fong-Fu Hsu
- Mass Spectrometry Resource, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA,
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Lepore M, de Lalla C, Gundimeda SR, Gsellinger H, Consonni M, Garavaglia C, Sansano S, Piccolo F, Scelfo A, Häussinger D, Montagna D, Locatelli F, Bonini C, Bondanza A, Forcina A, Li Z, Ni G, Ciceri F, Jenö P, Xia C, Mori L, Dellabona P, Casorati G, De Libero G. A novel self-lipid antigen targets human T cells against CD1c(+) leukemias. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 211:1363-77. [PMID: 24935257 PMCID: PMC4076585 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20140410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
T cells that recognize self-lipids presented by CD1c are frequent in the peripheral blood of healthy individuals and kill transformed hematopoietic cells, but little is known about their antigen specificity and potential antileukemia effects. We report that CD1c self-reactive T cells recognize a novel class of self-lipids, identified as methyl-lysophosphatidic acids (mLPAs), which are accumulated in leukemia cells. Primary acute myeloid and B cell acute leukemia blasts express CD1 molecules. mLPA-specific T cells efficiently kill CD1c(+) acute leukemia cells, poorly recognize nontransformed CD1c-expressing cells, and protect immunodeficient mice against CD1c(+) human leukemia cells. The identification of immunogenic self-lipid antigens accumulated in leukemia cells and the observed leukemia control by lipid-specific T cells in vivo provide a new conceptual framework for leukemia immune surveillance and possible immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Lepore
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Department of Chemistry; and Department of Biochemistry, Biozentrum; University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Experimental Hematology Unit, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia de Lalla
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Experimental Hematology Unit, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - S Ramanjaneyulu Gundimeda
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Department of Chemistry; and Department of Biochemistry, Biozentrum; University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Heiko Gsellinger
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Department of Chemistry; and Department of Biochemistry, Biozentrum; University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michela Consonni
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Experimental Hematology Unit, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Garavaglia
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Experimental Hematology Unit, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Sansano
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Department of Chemistry; and Department of Biochemistry, Biozentrum; University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Piccolo
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Experimental Hematology Unit, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Scelfo
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Experimental Hematology Unit, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Daniel Häussinger
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Department of Chemistry; and Department of Biochemistry, Biozentrum; University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniela Montagna
- Laboratorio di Immunologia, Dipartimento di Pediatria, Università di Pavia and Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Franco Locatelli
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Hospital, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Bonini
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Experimental Hematology Unit, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Attilio Bondanza
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Experimental Hematology Unit, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Forcina
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Experimental Hematology Unit, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Zhiyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Guanghui Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Experimental Hematology Unit, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Paul Jenö
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Department of Chemistry; and Department of Biochemistry, Biozentrum; University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Chengfeng Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Lucia Mori
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Department of Chemistry; and Department of Biochemistry, Biozentrum; University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore 138648
| | - Paolo Dellabona
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Experimental Hematology Unit, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Casorati
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, Experimental Hematology Unit, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Gennaro De Libero
- Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Department of Chemistry; and Department of Biochemistry, Biozentrum; University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore 138648
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Darshan DV, Chandar BGN, Srujan M, Chaudhuri A, Prabhakar S. Electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry study of six isomeric cationic amphiphiles with ester/amide linker. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2014; 28:1209-1214. [PMID: 24760561 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Revised: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Isomeric cationic amphiphiles differing only in the orientation of the linker group have been demonstrated to possess dramatically changed gene transfer efficacies. Studies aimed at understanding structure-stability correlations of such isomeric cationic amphiphiles at the molecular level are yet to be undertaken. Such studies may throw significant new insights into the mechanistic origin on their contrasting bioactivities. METHODS Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and multi-stage tandem mass spectrometric (MS(n)) experiments were performed on a LCQ ion trap mass spectrometer. The decomposition pathway was confirmed by high-resolution mass spectrometry data from a quadrupole time-of-flight (Q-TOF) mass spectrometer. Dissociation curves were drawn based on the intensities of precursor and product ions. RESULTS The collision-induced dissociation (CID) spectra of the M(+) ion of each isomeric pair showed distinct product ions (3 pairs). Normal esters (1 and 3) showed abundant product ions with a neighboring group participation (NGP) reaction and reverse esters (lipid 2 and 4) showed McLafferty rearrangement product ions. The spectra of a normal amide (5) and a reverse amide (6) are similar to that found in the corresponding ester, except for the absence of the McLafferty rearrangement in 6. Dissociation curves revealed that normal esters/amide decompose at lower energy than those of corresponding reverse esters/amide. CONCLUSIONS The lipids which easily decompose (flexible) show dramatically enhanced gene delivery capabilities and the lipids which decompose at higher collision energy (CE) values (rigid) are transfection incompetent.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Vijay Darshan
- National Centre for Mass Spectrometry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India
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36
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Hsu FF, Kuhlmann FM, Turk J, Beverley SM. Multiple-stage linear ion-trap with high resolution mass spectrometry towards complete structural characterization of phosphatidylethanolamines containing cyclopropane fatty acyl chain in Leishmania infantum. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2014; 49:201-9. [PMID: 24619546 PMCID: PMC4007172 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2013] [Revised: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The structures of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) in Leishmania infantum are unique in that they consist of a rare cyclopropane fatty acid (CFA) containing PE subfamily, including CFA-containing plasmalogen PE species. In this contribution, we applied multiple-stage linear ion-trap combined with high-resolution mass spectrometry to define the structures of PEs that were desorbed as [M - H](-) and [M - H + 2Li](+) ions by ESI, respectively. The structural information arising from MS(n) on both the molecular species are complimentary, permitting complete determination of PE structures, including the identities of the fatty acid substituents and their location on the glycerol backbone, more importantly, the positions of the double bond(s) and of the cyclopropane chain of the fatty acid chain, directing to the realization of the CFA biosynthesis pathways that were reported previously. We also uncovered the presence of a minor dimethyl-PE subclass that has not been previously reported in L. infantum. This LIT MS(n) mass spectrometric approach led to unambiguous identification of PE molecules including many isomers in complex mixture that would otherwise be very difficult to define using other analytical approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fong-Fu Hsu
- Mass Spectrometry Resource, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Lipid Research, USA
| | - F. Matthew Kuhlmann
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - John Turk
- Mass Spectrometry Resource, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Lipid Research, USA
| | - Stephen M. Beverley
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
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37
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Mass spectrometry and inflammation—MS methods to study oxidation and enzyme-induced changes of phospholipids. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 406:1291-306. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-7534-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2013] [Revised: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 11/21/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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38
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Fhaner CJ, Liu S, Zhou X, Reid GE. Functional group selective derivatization and gas-phase fragmentation reactions of plasmalogen glycerophospholipids. Mass Spectrom (Tokyo) 2013; 2:S0015. [PMID: 24349934 DOI: 10.5702/massspectrometry.s0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Accepted: 11/15/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A reaction strategy involving functional group selective modification of the O-alkenyl-ether double bond within plasmenyl ether containing lipids using iodine and methanol, in conjunction with functional group selective derivatization of amine-containing lipids using a novel (13)C1-S,S'-dimethylthiobutanoylhydroxysuccinimide ester ((13)C1-DMBNHS) reagent, is shown to improve the capabilities of 'shotgun' high resolution/accurate mass spectrometry for comprehensive lipidome analysis. Importantly, the characteristic mass shifts introduced as a result of these derivatization reactions enables the resolution and unambiguous identification of isobaric mass plasmenyl- and plasmanyl-ether containing lipid species from within crude complex lipid extracts, without need for chromatographic fractionation or additional lipid extraction steps prior to analysis. Additionally, the positive ionization mode tandem mass spectrometry fragmentation behavior of the derivatized plasmenyl ether containing glycerophosphocholine and glycerophosphoethanolamine lipids are shown to yield abundant characteristic product ions that directly enable the assignment of their molecular lipid identities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Gavin E Reid
- Department of Chemistry ; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University
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Fhaner CJ, Liu S, Ji H, Simpson RJ, Reid GE. Comprehensive lipidome profiling of isogenic primary and metastatic colon adenocarcinoma cell lines. Anal Chem 2012; 84:8917-26. [PMID: 23039336 DOI: 10.1021/ac302154g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A "shotgun" lipidomics strategy consisting of sequential functional group selective chemical modification reactions coupled with high-resolution/accurate mass spectrometry and "targeted" tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) analysis has been developed and applied toward the comprehensive identification, characterization and quantitative analysis of changes in relative abundances of >600 individual glycerophospholipid, glycerolipid, sphingolipid and sterol lipids between a primary colorectal cancer (CRC) cell line, SW480, and its isogenic lymph node metastasized derivative, SW620. Selective chemical derivatization of glycerophosphoethanolamine and glycerophosphoserine lipids using a "fixed charge" sulfonium ion containing, d(6)-S,S'-dimethylthiobutanoylhydroxysuccinimide ester (d(6)-DMBNHS) reagent was used to eliminate the possibility of isobaric mass overlap of these species with the precursor ions of all other lipids in the crude extracts, thereby enabling their unambiguous assignment, while subsequent selective mild acid hydrolysis of plasmenyl (vinyl-ether) containing lipids using formic acid enabled these species to be readily differentiated from isobaric mass plasmanyl (alkyl-ether) containing lipids. Using this approach, statistically significant differences in the abundances of numerous lipid species previously identified as being associated with cancer progression or that play known roles as mediators in a range of physiological and pathological processes were observed between the SW480 and SW620 cells. Most notably, these included increased plasmanylcholine and triglyceride lipid levels, decreased plasmenylethanolamine lipids, decreased C-16 containing sphingomyelin and ceramide lipid levels, and a dramatic increase in the abundances of total cholesterol ester and triglyceride lipids in the SW620 cells compared to those in the SW480 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassie J Fhaner
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
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40
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Lodhi IJ, Yin L, Jensen-Urstad APL, Funai K, Coleman T, Baird JH, El Ramahi MK, Razani B, Song H, Fu-Hsu F, Turk J, Semenkovich CF. Inhibiting adipose tissue lipogenesis reprograms thermogenesis and PPARγ activation to decrease diet-induced obesity. Cell Metab 2012; 16:189-201. [PMID: 22863804 PMCID: PMC3467338 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2012.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2011] [Revised: 03/07/2012] [Accepted: 06/22/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
De novo lipogenesis in adipocytes, especially with high fat feeding, is poorly understood. We demonstrate that an adipocyte lipogenic pathway encompassing fatty acid synthase (FAS) and PexRAP (peroxisomal reductase activating PPARγ) modulates endogenous PPARγ activation and adiposity. Mice lacking FAS in adult adipose tissue manifested increased energy expenditure, increased brown fat-like adipocytes in subcutaneous adipose tissue, and resistance to diet-induced obesity. FAS knockdown in embryonic fibroblasts decreased PPARγ transcriptional activity and adipogenesis. FAS-dependent alkyl ether phosphatidylcholine species were associated with PPARγ and treatment of 3T3-L1 cells with one such ether lipid increased PPARγ transcriptional activity. PexRAP, a protein required for alkyl ether lipid synthesis, was associated with peroxisomes and induced during adipogenesis. PexRAP knockdown in cells decreased PPARγ transcriptional activity and adipogenesis. PexRAP knockdown in mice decreased expression of PPARγ-dependent genes and reduced diet-induced adiposity. These findings suggest that inhibiting PexRAP or related lipogenic enzymes could treat obesity and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irfan J Lodhi
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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41
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Hughes JR, Deeley JM, Blanksby SJ, Leisch F, Ellis SR, Truscott RJW, Mitchell TW. Instability of the cellular lipidome with age. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2012; 34:935-47. [PMID: 21894448 PMCID: PMC3682067 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-011-9293-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2010] [Accepted: 07/25/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The human lens nucleus is formed in utero, and from birth onwards, there appears to be no significant turnover of intracellular proteins or membrane components. Since, in adults, this region also lacks active enzymes, it offers the opportunity to examine the intrinsic stability of macromolecules under physiological conditions. Fifty seven human lenses, ranging in age from 12 to 82 years, were dissected into nucleus and cortex, and the nuclear lipids analyzed by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. In the first four decades of life, glycerophospholipids (with the exception of lysophosphatidylethanolamines) declined rapidly, such that by age 40, their content became negligible. In contrast the level of ceramides and dihydroceramides, which were undetectable prior to age 30, increased approximately 100-fold. The concentration of sphingomyelins and dihydrosphingomyelins remained unchanged over the whole life span. As a consequence of this marked alteration in composition, the properties of fiber cell membranes in the centre of young lenses are likely to be very different from those in older lenses. Interestingly, the identification of age 40 years as a time of transition in the lipid composition of the nucleus coincides with previously reported macroscopic changes in lens properties (e.g., a massive age-related increase in lens stiffness) and related pathologies such as presbyopia. The underlying reasons for the dramatic change in the lipid profile of the human lens with age are not known, but are most likely linked to the stability of some membrane lipids in a physiological environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica R. Hughes
- />Graduate School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, 2522 NSW Australia
| | - Jane M. Deeley
- />ARC Centre of Excellence for Free Radical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, 2522 NSW Australia
| | - Stephen J. Blanksby
- />ARC Centre of Excellence for Free Radical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, 2522 NSW Australia
| | - Friedrich Leisch
- />Institute of Applied Statistics and Computing, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1180 Vienna, Austria
| | - Shane R. Ellis
- />ARC Centre of Excellence for Free Radical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, 2522 NSW Australia
| | - Roger J. W. Truscott
- />Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Macquarie Street, Sydney, NSW 2001 Australia
| | - Todd W. Mitchell
- />School of Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, 2522 NSW Australia
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42
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Chen S, Belikova NA, Subbaiah PV. Structural elucidation of molecular species of pacific oyster ether amino phospholipids by normal-phase liquid chromatography/negative-ion electrospray ionization and quadrupole/multiple-stage linear ion-trap mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2012; 735:76-89. [PMID: 22713920 PMCID: PMC3566561 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2012] [Revised: 05/14/2012] [Accepted: 05/18/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Although marine oysters contain abundant amounts of ether-linked aminophospholipids, the structural identification of the various molecular species has not been reported. We developed a normal-phase silica liquid chromatography/negative-ion electrospray ionization/quadrupole multiple-stage linear ion-trap mass spectrometric (NPLC-NI-ESI/Q-TRAP-MS(3)) method for the structural elucidation of ether molecular species of serine and ethanolamine phospholipids from marine oysters. The major advantages of the approach are (i) to avoid incorrect selection of isobaric precursor ions derived from different phospholipid classes in a lipid mixture, and to generate informative and clear MS(n) product ion mass spectra of the species for the identification of the sn-1 plasmanyl or plasmenyl linkages, and (ii) to increase precursor ion intensities by "concentrating" lipid molecules of each phospholipid class for further structural determination of minor molecular species. Employing a combination of NPLC-NI-ESI/MS(3) and NPLC-NI-ESI/MS(2), we elucidated, for the first time, the chemical structures of docosahexaenoyl and eicosapentaenoyl plasmenyl phosphatidylserine (PS) species and differentiated up to six isobaric species of diacyl/alkylacyl/alkenylacyl phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) in the US pacific oysters. The presence of a high content of both omega-3 plasmenyl PS/plasmenyl PE species and multiple isobaric molecular species isomers is the noteworthy characteristic of the marine oyster. The simple and robust NPLC-NI-ESI/MS(n)-based methodology should be particularly valuable in the detailed characterization of marine lipid dietary supplements with respect to omega-3 aminophospholipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Chen
- CHAINON Neurotrophin Biotechnology Inc., San Antonio, TX 78230, USA.
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43
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Lipidomic analysis of bacterial plasmalogens. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2012; 57:463-72. [DOI: 10.1007/s12223-012-0178-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2012] [Accepted: 06/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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44
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Hartler J, Tharakan R, Köfeler HC, Graham DR, Thallinger GG. Bioinformatics tools and challenges in structural analysis of lipidomics MS/MS data. Brief Bioinform 2012; 14:375-90. [PMID: 22764120 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbs030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipidomics, the systematic study of the lipid composition of a cell or tissue, is an invaluable complement to knowledge gained by genomics and proteomics research. Mass spectrometry provides a means to detect hundreds of lipids in parallel, and this includes low abundance species of lipids. Nevertheless, frequently occurring isobaric and isomeric lipid species complicate lipidomics analyses from an analytical and bioinformatics perspective. Various MS/MS strategies have evolved to resolve ambiguous identifications of lipid species, and these strategies have been supported by corresponding bioinformatics analysis tools. This review intends to familiarize readers with available bioinformatics MS/MS analysis tools and databases, the structural information obtainable from these, and their applicability to different MS/MS strategies. Finally, future challenges in detecting double bond positions are investigated from a bioinformatics perspective.
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Řezanka T, Kambourova M, Derekova A, Kolouchová I, Sigler K. LC–ESI–MS/MS Identification of Polar Lipids of Two Thermophilic Anoxybacillus Bacteria Containing a Unique Lipid Pattern. Lipids 2012; 47:729-39. [DOI: 10.1007/s11745-012-3675-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2012] [Accepted: 04/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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46
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Santinha DR, Marques DR, Maciel EA, Simões CSO, Rosa S, Neves BM, Macedo B, Domingues P, Cruz MT, Domingues MRM. Profiling changes triggered during maturation of dendritic cells: a lipidomic approach. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 403:457-71. [PMID: 22402731 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-5843-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2011] [Revised: 01/11/2012] [Accepted: 02/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lipids are important in several biological processes because they act as signalling and regulating molecules, or, locally, as membrane components that modulate protein function. This paper reports the pattern of lipid composition of dendritic cells (DCs), a cell type of critical importance in inflammatory and immune responses. After activation by antigens, DCs undergo drastic phenotypical and functional transformations, in a process known as maturation. To better characterize this process, changes of lipid profile were evaluated by use of a lipidomic approach. As an experimental model of DCs, we used a foetal skin-derived dendritic cell line (FSDC) induced to mature by treatment with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The results showed that LPS treatment increased ceramide (Cer) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) levels and reduced sphingomyelin (SM) and phosphatidylinositol (PI) content. Mass spectrometric analysis of a total lipid extract and of each class of lipids revealed that maturation promoted clear changes in ceramide profile. Quantitative analysis enabled identification of an increase in the total ceramide content and enhanced Cer at m/z 646.6, identified as Cer(d18:1/24:1), and at m/z 648.6, identified as Cer(d18:1/24:0). The pattern of change of these lipids give an extremely rich source of data for evaluating modulation of specific lipid species triggered during DC maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deolinda R Santinha
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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47
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Cerruti CD, Benabdellah F, Laprévote O, Touboul D, Brunelle A. MALDI Imaging and Structural Analysis of Rat Brain Lipid Negative Ions with 9-Aminoacridine Matrix. Anal Chem 2012; 84:2164-71. [DOI: 10.1021/ac2025317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D. Cerruti
- Centre de Recherche de Gif, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS,
Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Farida Benabdellah
- Centre de Recherche de Gif, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS,
Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Olivier Laprévote
- Centre de Recherche de Gif, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS,
Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
- Chimie Toxicologie Analytique et
Cellulaire, EA4463, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et
Biologiques, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 4 avenue de l’Observatoire,
75006 Paris, France
| | - David Touboul
- Centre de Recherche de Gif, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS,
Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Alain Brunelle
- Centre de Recherche de Gif, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS,
Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
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48
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Hui SP, Chiba H, Kurosawa T. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometric determination of plasmalogens in human plasma. Anal Bioanal Chem 2011; 400:1923-31. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-4921-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2011] [Revised: 03/14/2011] [Accepted: 03/16/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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49
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Bou Khalil M, Hou W, Zhou H, Elisma F, Swayne LA, Blanchard AP, Yao Z, Bennett SAL, Figeys D. Lipidomics era: accomplishments and challenges. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2010; 29:877-929. [PMID: 20931646 DOI: 10.1002/mas.20294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Lipid mediators participate in signal transduction pathways, proliferation, apoptosis, and membrane trafficking in the cell. Lipids are highly complex and diverse owing to the various combinations of polar headgroups, fatty acyl chains, and backbone structures. This structural diversity continues to pose a challenge for lipid analysis. Here we review the current state of the art in lipidomics research and discuss the challenges facing this field. The latest technological developments in mass spectrometry, the role of bioinformatics, and the applications of lipidomics in lipid metabolism and cellular physiology and pathology are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maroun Bou Khalil
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8M5
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50
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Nie H, Liu R, Yang Y, Bai Y, Guan Y, Qian D, Wang T, Liu H. Lipid profiling of rat peritoneal surface layers by online normal- and reversed-phase 2D LC QToF-MS. J Lipid Res 2010; 51:2833-44. [PMID: 20526000 PMCID: PMC2918466 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.d007567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2010] [Revised: 05/11/2010] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
An online, two-dimensional (2D) liquid chromatography (LC) quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (QToF-MS) method was developed for lipid profiling of rat peritoneal surface layers, in which the lipid classes and species could be simultaneously separated in one injection with a significantly increased sensitivity. Different lipid classes were separated on a normal-phase column in the first dimension and lipid molecular species were separated on a reversed-phase column in the second dimension, so that the ion suppression effects were reduced while the detection sensitivity was improved. Identified were 721 endogenous lipid species from 12 lipid classes, in which 415 structures were confirmed using tandem mass spectra, and the other 306 lipid molecular species were identified by accurate masses. The linearity, limit of detection, and repeatability were all satisfactory. The method was applied to the investigation of the lipid changes in rat peritoneal surface layer after peritoneal dialysis, and 32 potential lipid biomarkers were identified, as their concentrations in the dosed group were 2.2-12.5 times of those in the control group. The results revealed that this 2D LC-MS system was a promising tool for lipid profiling of complex biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honggang Nie
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ranran Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Youyou Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Bai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yafeng Guan
- Department of Instrumental and Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Daqing Qian
- Department of Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Huwei Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, China
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