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Paimre M, Virkus S, Osula K. How Technology, Health Information Seeking, and Socioeconomic Factors Are Associated With Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccination Readiness in Estonians Over 50 Years? HEALTH EDUCATION & BEHAVIOR 2024; 51:502-511. [PMID: 38712912 PMCID: PMC11193318 DOI: 10.1177/10901981241249972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Despite the proven effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in preventing severe illness, many individuals, including older adults who are most susceptible to the virus, have opted against vaccination. Various factors could shape vaccination decisions, including seeking health information (HI). The internet is the primary source of HI today; however, older adults are often referred to as those missing out on digital benefits. The study explores the correlations between information and communication technology (ICT) use, online HI seeking, socioeconomic factors, and COVID-19 vaccination readiness among individuals aged 50 and above in Estonia. The survey data were gathered from 501 people aged 50 and older after the first lockdown in 2020. The outcomes revealed that vaccination readiness positively correlated with factors such as higher educational attainment, greater income, male gender, access to ICT, a readiness to employ digital technologies for health-related purposes, a greater demand for HI, and a higher frequency of seeking it online. There was some discrepancy in the preference of HI sources; for example, vaccination consenters preferred online versions of professional press publications and specific health portals. Based on the findings, it is advisable to encourage older adults to utilize the internet and new technology for health-related purposes. This practice expands the range of information sources available to them, ultimately enabling better decision-making regarding their health behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Paimre
- Tallinn University, Tallinn, Estonia
- Tallinn Health Care College, Tallinn, Estonia
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2
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Sasse K, Mahabir R, Gkountouna O, Crooks A, Croitoru A. Understanding the determinants of vaccine hesitancy in the United States: A comparison of social surveys and social media. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301488. [PMID: 38843170 PMCID: PMC11156396 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic prompted governments worldwide to implement a range of containment measures, including mass gathering restrictions, social distancing, and school closures. Despite these efforts, vaccines continue to be the safest and most effective means of combating such viruses. Yet, vaccine hesitancy persists, posing a significant public health concern, particularly with the emergence of new COVID-19 variants. To effectively address this issue, timely data is crucial for understanding the various factors contributing to vaccine hesitancy. While previous research has largely relied on traditional surveys for this information, recent sources of data, such as social media, have gained attention. However, the potential of social media data as a reliable proxy for information on population hesitancy, especially when compared with survey data, remains underexplored. This paper aims to bridge this gap. Our approach uses social, demographic, and economic data to predict vaccine hesitancy levels in the ten most populous US metropolitan areas. We employ machine learning algorithms to compare a set of baseline models that contain only these variables with models that incorporate survey data and social media data separately. Our results show that XGBoost algorithm consistently outperforms Random Forest and Linear Regression, with marginal differences between Random Forest and XGBoost. This was especially the case with models that incorporate survey or social media data, thus highlighting the promise of the latter data as a complementary information source. Results also reveal variations in influential variables across the five hesitancy classes, such as age, ethnicity, occupation, and political inclination. Further, the application of models to different MSAs yields mixed results, emphasizing the uniqueness of communities and the need for complementary data approaches. In summary, this study underscores social media data's potential for understanding vaccine hesitancy, emphasizes the importance of tailoring interventions to specific communities, and suggests the value of combining different data sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuleen Sasse
- Department of Computer Science, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ron Mahabir
- Geographic Data Science Lab, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Olga Gkountouna
- Geographic Data Science Lab, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Crooks
- Department of Geography, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| | - Arie Croitoru
- Department of Computational and Data Sciences, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, United States of America
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3
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Fereidouni Z, Karimi Z, Mirshah E, Keyvanloo Shahrestanaki S, Amrollah majdabadi Z, Behnammoghadam M, Mirzaee MS. Lived experiences of COVID-19 disease: a qualitative meta-synthesis. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:3442-3450. [PMID: 38846827 PMCID: PMC11152807 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background During the COVID-19 pandemic, various aspects of human life were changed around the world. The present study aimed to provide a systematic review of the available evidence on lived experiences of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods This is a systematic review of the meta-synthesis type. Evidence from studies from 2019 to 2021 was used. Keywords of lived experiences, experiences, people, nation, patients, community, COVID-19, corona, and corona disease were searched in PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to evaluate the quality of articles. A qualitative meta-synthesis was performed by a researcher based on a three-step meta-synthesis method described by Thomas and colleagues. MAXQDA 10 was used for data analysis. The present study is based on the guidelines for Enhancing transparency in reporting the meta-synthesis of qualitative research (ENTREQ). The reliability of this study had a Kappa coefficient of 0.660 with a consistency rate of 98.766%. Results Finally, the data from 11 articles were analyzed. The main and sub-themes obtained in this study included negative aspects (chaos, hustle associated, dualities, bad body, value decay, seclusion, psychological challenges) as well as positive aspects (opportunities arising from the individual, family, and social stability). Conclusion Problems of life during COVID-19 should be considered as part of the COVID-19 pandemic care program. Individual assessments should normally be considered in a public health crisis. It is recommended to conduct serious, in-depth, and practical research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhila Fereidouni
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Nursing School, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Fars
| | - Zohreh Karimi
- Department of Operating Room, School of Paramedicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj
| | - Elham Mirshah
- Instructure of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of medical sciences, Shiraz
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Liu HH, Xie Y, Yang BP, Wen HY, Yang PH, Lu JE, Liu Y, Chen X, Qu MM, Zhang Y, Hong WG, Li YG, Fu J, Wang FS. Safety, immunogenicity and protective effect of sequential vaccination with inactivated and recombinant protein COVID-19 vaccine in the elderly: a prospective longitudinal study. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:129. [PMID: 38740763 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01846-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines in the elderly, a high-risk group for severe COVID-19 infection, have not been fully understood. To clarify these issues, this prospective study followed up 157 elderly and 73 young participants for 16 months and compared the safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of two doses of the inactivated vaccine BBIBP-CorV followed by a booster dose of the recombinant protein vaccine ZF2001. The results showed that this vaccination protocol was safe and tolerable in the elderly. After administering two doses of the BBIBP-CorV, the positivity rates and titers of neutralizing and anti-RBD antibodies in the elderly were significantly lower than those in the young individuals. After the ZF2001 booster dose, the antibody-positive rates in the elderly were comparable to those in the young; however, the antibody titers remained lower. Gender, age, and underlying diseases were independently associated with vaccine immunogenicity in elderly individuals. The pseudovirus neutralization assay showed that, compared with those after receiving two doses of BBIBP-CorV priming, some participants obtained immunological protection against BA.5 and BF.7 after receiving the ZF2001 booster. Breakthrough infection symptoms last longer in the infected elderly and pre-infection antibody titers were negatively associated with the severity of post-infection symptoms. The antibody levels in the elderly increased significantly after breakthrough infection but were still lower than those in the young. Our data suggest that multiple booster vaccinations at short intervals to maintain high antibody levels may be an effective strategy for protecting the elderly against COVID-19.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- COVID-19/prevention & control
- COVID-19/immunology
- Female
- Male
- Aged
- COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology
- COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects
- COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage
- SARS-CoV-2/immunology
- Prospective Studies
- Antibodies, Viral/immunology
- Antibodies, Viral/blood
- Vaccines, Inactivated/immunology
- Vaccines, Inactivated/adverse effects
- Vaccines, Inactivated/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood
- Aged, 80 and over
- Adult
- Vaccination
- Longitudinal Studies
- Middle Aged
- Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology
- Vaccines, Synthetic/adverse effects
- Vaccines, Synthetic/administration & dosage
- Immunogenicity, Vaccine/immunology
- Immunization, Secondary
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Hong Liu
- Out-patient Department of Day Diagnosis and Treatment, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Yunbo Xie
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100039, China
- Chinese PLA Medical School, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Bao-Peng Yang
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Huan-Yue Wen
- Hunyuan County People's Hospital, Datong, 037499, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Peng-Hui Yang
- Faculty of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Jin-E Lu
- Hunyuan County People's Hospital, Datong, 037499, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Out-patient Department of Day Diagnosis and Treatment, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Meng-Meng Qu
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Wei-Guo Hong
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Yong-Gang Li
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Junliang Fu
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100039, China.
- Chinese PLA Medical School, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
| | - Fu-Sheng Wang
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100039, China.
- Chinese PLA Medical School, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
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5
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Hicken A, Jones P, Menon A, Rozek LS. Can endorsement by religious leaders move the needle on vaccine hesitancy? Vaccine 2024; 42:918-923. [PMID: 38242735 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Existing research, including work specific to COVID-19, suggests that endorsement by medical practitioners increases vaccine uptake. Yet, vaccine hesitancy persists despite health professionals continuing to widely endorse multiple vaccines to combat COVID-19 since late 2020. Could endorsement by other trusted leaders reduce vaccine hesitancy? Although some studies suggest that trust in religious leaders can influence individuals' health attitudes and behaviors, the evidence is mixed. Our study explores the potential added value of messaging by religious leaders across religious traditions - specifically, it asks whether their endorsement of the COVID-19 vaccine might increase vaccine uptake in an environment where health professionals are already endorsing vaccines. To investigate this question, we conducted an online survey experiment with 6,000 respondents across five countries with different dominant religions (Buddhism, Christianity, and Islam). Respondents were randomly assigned to either a control group that only included endorsement by medical practitioners or a treatment group that added either endorsement by religious leaders or, for comparative purposes, endorsement by political leaders. We found that endorsement by religious leaders reduced vaccine hesitancy only in one country. These findings corroborate existing research that medical practitioners are the best line of defense to combat vaccine hesitancy. They also suggest the limitations of endorsement by non-experts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allen Hicken
- Department of Political Science, College of Literature, Science, and Arts, University of Michigan, Haven Hall, 505 South State Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Pauline Jones
- Department of Political Science, College of Literature, Science, and Arts, University of Michigan, Haven Hall, 505 South State Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Anil Menon
- Department of Political Science, University of California, Merced, 313-COB2, Merced, CA 95343, USA.
| | - Laura S Rozek
- Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Georgetown University, Georgetown 360, 37th and O Streets NW, Washington, DC 20057, USA.
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6
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Boretti A. mRNA vaccine boosters and impaired immune system response in immune compromised individuals: a narrative review. Clin Exp Med 2024; 24:23. [PMID: 38280109 PMCID: PMC10821957 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-023-01264-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Over the last 24 months, there has been growing evidence of a correlation between mRNA COVID-19 vaccine boosters and increased prevalence of COVID-19 infection and other pathologies. Recent works have added possible causation to correlation. mRNA vaccine boosters may impair immune system response in immune compromised individuals. Multiple doses of the mRNA COVID-19 vaccines may result in much higher levels of IgG 4 antibodies, or also impaired activation of CD4 + and CD8 + T cells. The opportunity for mRNA vaccine boosters to impair the immune system response needs careful consideration, as this impacts the cost-to-benefit ratio of the boosters' practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Boretti
- Melbourne Institute of Technology, The Argus, 288 La Trobe St, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.
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Sánchez-de Prada L, Martínez-García AM, González-Fernández B, Gutiérrez-Ballesteros J, Rojo-Rello S, Garcinuño-Pérez S, Álvaro-Meca A, Ortiz De Lejarazu R, Sanz-Muñoz I, Eiros JM. Impact on the time elapsed since SARS-CoV-2 infection, vaccination history, and number of doses, on protection against reinfection. Sci Rep 2024; 14:353. [PMID: 38172152 PMCID: PMC10764833 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50335-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 reinfections have been frequent, even among those vaccinated. The aim of this study is to know if hybrid immunity (infection + vaccination) is affected by the moment of vaccination and number of doses received. We conducted a retrospective study in 746 patients with a history of COVID-19 reinfection and recovered the dates of infection and reinfection and vaccination status (date and number of doses). To assess differences in the time to reinfection(tRI) between unvaccinated, vaccinated before 6 months, and later; and comparing one, two or three doses (incomplete, complete and booster regime) we performed the log-rank test of the cumulative incidence calculated as 1 minus the Kaplan-Meier estimator. Also, an adjusted Cox-regression was performed to evaluate the risk of reinfection in all groups. The tRI was significantly higher in those vaccinated vs. non-vaccinated (p < 0.001). However, an early incomplete regime protects similar time than not receiving a vaccine. Vaccination before 6 months after infection showed a lower tRI compared to those vaccinated later with the same regime (adj-p < 0.001). Actually, early vaccination with complete and booster regimes provided lower length of protection compared to vaccinating later with incomplete and complete regime, respectively. Vaccination with complete and booster regimes significantly increases the tRI (adj-p < 0.001). Vaccination increases the time it takes for a person to become reinfected with SARS-CoV-2. Increasing the time from infection to vaccination increases the time in which a person could be reinfected and reduces the risk of reinfection, especially in complete and booster regimes. Those results emphasize the role of vaccines and boosters during the pandemic and can guide strategies on future vaccination policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Sánchez-de Prada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.
- National Influenza Center of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Ana María Martínez-García
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Belén González-Fernández
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | | | - Silvia Rojo-Rello
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- National Influenza Center of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Sonsoles Garcinuño-Pérez
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Álvaro-Meca
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - José M Eiros
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- National Influenza Center of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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8
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Rehman S, Rehman N, Li Z, Zhang Y. Potential determinants of parental hesitancy to vaccinate their children against COVID-19 infection: a cross-sectional investigation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22161. [PMID: 38092826 PMCID: PMC10719250 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47863-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination hesitancy has emerged as a substantial concern among the adult population globally. However, limited evidence is available about parental hesitancy to vaccinate their children against COVID-19 within the Pakistani context. Thus, the present investigation aimed to assess parental attitudes, perceptions, and willingness regarding vaccination hesitancy and associated predictors of getting their children vaccinated against COVID-19. We conducted a cross-sectional population-based, self-administered online questionnaire in Punjab, Pakistan, on randomly selected parents between October 2022 and February 2023. The data were collected based on socio-demographics, attitudes, perceptions, and willingness of parents regarding COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy for their children. Adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were estimated to identify the predictors of vaccine hesitancy. The findings demonstrated that among 1,478 participants, a total of 40% believed that the COVID-19 vaccine may pose a greater risk to children than adults, while 38% exhibited no concerns. Around 13% of children were not vaccinated in our study sample. More than half expressed hesitancy toward vaccination, and only 35.25% were inclined to get their children vaccinated in our study sample. In addition, only 16% of the parents believed that the COVID-19 vaccination may cause an alteration in their children's DNA. A similar proportion of parents were aware of the significance of getting their children vaccinated and expressed their willingness to vaccinate their children to prevent the COVID-19 infection. However, a higher odds ratio was observed in females with a higher educational background and those in the healthcare profession. In conclusion, healthcare awareness-supporting programs for educating parents should be designed and implemented. These insights might aid in the development of strategies to eradicate barriers in existing coronavirus vaccination programs and may vaccinate a larger child population to reduce the adverse consequences of the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shazia Rehman
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
- China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Mental Health Institute of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Nadia Rehman
- Department of Mathematics, COMSATS University, Wah Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zexuan Li
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
- China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Mental Health Institute of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
- China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Mental Health Institute of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
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9
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Afsharinia B, Gurtoo A. Role of leadership and incentive-based programs in addressing vaccine hesitancy in India. Vaccine X 2023; 15:100346. [PMID: 37577213 PMCID: PMC10413069 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2023.100346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study goes beyond the popular 5Cs model of vaccine hesitancy to explore perceived social norms, role of leadership and the role of incentive-based intervention for improving the likelihood of vaccination, in a population-representative sample of adults in India (N = 1129). We investigated differences in socio-demographic status, perceived descriptive norms like vaccine behaviours, beliefs, experience and perceived injunctive norms like community and political leadership within the context of the COVID-19 pandemic are related to vaccination. Further, we examined the role of incentive-based intervention as a potentially salient predictor of adults' vaccine uptake. The study is based on a cross-sectional survey conducted in July-November 2021, which included questions about impacts of pandemic collected by phone call interview from adults' beneficiaries of Government free food schemes, across 11 states in India. The data include 81 % vaccinated and 19 % vaccine hesitant participants, with a higher proportion of business or self-employed (53.1 %) as vaccine hesitant. We performed the t-test to assess the variation between vaccinated and vaccine hesitant adults, and Exploratory Factor Analysis to uncover the underlying dimension of vaccine hesitancy. Subsequently, Binary Logistic Regression model probed the factors associated with likelihood of vaccination uptake. In contrast to the prevailing evidence, results demonstrated community and political leadership has significant negative impact on vaccination (p-value < 0.06, 95 % CI, 0.57-1.01). Incentive-based intervention offer a vital leverage to enhance positive attitude towards vaccination (p-value < 0.05, 95 % CI, 1.01-1.80). The results thus broadly highlight the limited role of political and community leaders in leveraging their influence on vaccination, the role of timely, accurate information, applications of telemedicine as an important tool to provide healthcare and the need for optimal design of incentive-based vaccination programs recommended by trusted sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bita Afsharinia
- Senior Research Scholar, Department of Management Studies, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Anjula Gurtoo
- Senior Research Scholar, Department of Management Studies, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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10
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Caycho-Rodríguez T, Valencia PD, Ventura-León J, Carbajal-León C, Vilca LW, Reyes-Bossio M, Delgado-Campusano M, Yupanqui-Lorenzo DE, Paredes-Angeles R, Rojas-Jara C, Gallegos M, Cervigni M, Martino P, Polanco-Carrasco R, Palacios DA, Moreta-Herrera R, Samaniego-Pinho A, Lobos Rivera ME, Buschiazzo Figares A, Puerta-Cortés DX, Corrales-Reyes IE, Calderón R, Arias Gallegos WL, Petzold O, Camargo A, Torales J, Monge Blanco JA, González P, Smith-Castro V, Matute Rivera WY, Ferrufino-Borja D, Ceballos-Vásquez P, Muñoz-Del-Carpio-Toia A, Palacios J, Burgos-Videla C, Florez León AME, Vergara I, Vega D, Barria-Asenjo NA, Schulmeyer MK, Urrutia Rios HT, Lira Lira AE. Cross-cultural invariance of the Spanish version of the COVID-19 Assessment Scorecard to measure the perception of government actions against COVID-19 in Latin America. PSICOLOGIA-REFLEXAO E CRITICA 2023; 36:34. [PMID: 37938370 PMCID: PMC10632328 DOI: 10.1186/s41155-023-00277-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study aimed to evaluate the measurement invariance of a general measure of the perception of governmental responses to COVID-|19 (COVID-SCORE-10) in the general population of 13 Latin American countries. METHODS A total of 5780 individuals from 13 Latin American and Caribbean countries selected by non-probabilistic snowball sampling participated. A confirmatory factor analysis was performed and the alignment method was used to evaluate invariance. Additionally, a graded response model was used for the assessment of item characteristics. RESULTS The results indicate that there is approximate measurement invariance of the COVID-SCORE-10 among the participating countries. Furthermore, IRT results suggest that the COVID-SCORE-10 measures with good psychometric ability a broad spectrum of the construct assessed, especially around average levels. Comparison of COVID-SCORE-10 scores indicated that participants from Cuba, Uruguay and El Salvador had the most positive perceptions of government actions to address the pandemic. Thus, the underlying construct of perception of government actions was equivalent in all countries. CONCLUSION The results show the importance of initially establishing the fundamental measurement properties and MI before inferring the cross-cultural universality of the construct to be measured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomás Caycho-Rodríguez
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Científica del Sur, Campus Villa II, Ctra. Panamericana S 19, Villa EL Salvador, Lima, Peru.
| | - Pablo D Valencia
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Tlanepantla de Baz, State of Mexico, Mexico
| | - José Ventura-León
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Privada del Norte, Lima, Perú
| | - Carlos Carbajal-León
- South American Center for Education and Research in Public Health, Universidad Norbert Wiener, Lima, Perú
| | - Lindsey W Vilca
- South American Center for Education and Research in Public Health, Universidad Norbert Wiener, Lima, Perú
| | - Mario Reyes-Bossio
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
| | | | | | - Rubí Paredes-Angeles
- CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Claudio Rojas-Jara
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento de Psicología, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - Miguel Gallegos
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento de Psicología, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia, Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud y del Comportamiento, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Entre Ríos, Argentina
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Mauricio Cervigni
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud y del Comportamiento, Universidad Adventista del Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Pablo Martino
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Ciencias del Comportamiento (LICIC), Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
| | | | | | | | - Antonio Samaniego-Pinho
- Carrera de Psicología, Facultad de Filosofía, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, Asunción, Paraguay
| | - Marlon Elías Lobos Rivera
- Escuela de Psicología, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad Tecnológica de El Salvador, San Salvador, El Salvador
| | | | | | - Ibraín Enrique Corrales-Reyes
- Servicio de Cirugía Maxilofacial, Hospital General Universitario Carlos Manuel de Céspedes, Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Granma, Bayamo, Granma, Cuba
| | - Raymundo Calderón
- Colegio Estatal de Psicólogos en Intervención de Jalisco A.C. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | | | | | - Andrés Camargo
- School of Health and Sport Sciences, Fundación Universitaria del Área Andina, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Julio Torales
- Departamento de Psiquiatría, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, San Lorenzo, Paraguay
| | | | | | - Vanessa Smith-Castro
- Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro, Costa Rica
| | | | - Daniela Ferrufino-Borja
- Centro de Investigación y Asesoramiento Psicológico, Facultad de Humanidades, Comunicación y Artes, Universidad Privada de Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Santa Cruz, Bolivia
| | - Paula Ceballos-Vásquez
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento de Enfermería, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - Agueda Muñoz-Del-Carpio-Toia
- Vicerrectorado de investigación, Escuela de Postgrado, Escuela de Medicina Humana, Universidad Católica de Santa María, Arequipa, Perú
| | - Jorge Palacios
- Carrera de Psicología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Valle de Mexico, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Carmen Burgos-Videla
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Sociales y Educación, Universidad de Atacama, Copiapó, Chile
| | | | - Ibeth Vergara
- Escuela de Psicología, Universidad Latina de Panamá, Ciudad de Panamá, Panamá
| | - Diego Vega
- Escuela de Psicologia, Universidad Latina de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | | | - Marion K Schulmeyer
- Centro de Investigación y Asesoramiento Psicológico, Facultad de Humanidades, Comunicación y Artes, Universidad Privada de Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Santa Cruz, Bolivia
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11
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Guan X, Huang Q, Dong M, Li M, Xie H, Wei X, Kang L, Wang X, Li A, Wang Q, Huang F, Wang Q. SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody and T-cell immunity in convalescents after infection wave in Beijing in late 2022. J Infect 2023; 87:413-419. [PMID: 37652314 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2023.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody and T-cell responses in convalescents 5 months after infection wave in Beijing from December 2022 to January 2023 to prevent reinfection and severe disease. METHODS Convalescents and uninfected individuals vaccinated with different doses were enrolled to assess the IFNγ T-cell responses against SARS-CoV-2 prototype strain, BF.7, BQ.1, and XBB. Neutralizing antibodies against prototype strain, BF.7, BA.5, and XBB and immunoglobulin G antibody were further analyzed. RESULTS In convalescents, the IFNγ T-cell response was significantly higher than that of uninfected individuals (all P < 0.001), and the T-cell response against XBB had no significant difference from that of SARS-CoV-2 prototype strain and BF.7 and BQ.1 (all P > 0.05). The seropositive rates of IgG antibodies were 100% (303/303) with a median concentration of 90.52 (95% CI, 82.52-99.37). The neutralizing antibodies titers of convalescents against BF.7 and BA.5 were higher than that against the prototype strain (both P < 0.001), while XBB.1.5 was lower (P < 0.001). T-cell response, IgG and neutralizing antibodies had no significant difference in convalescents vaccinated with different doses (all P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The immunities may have some protective effect against possible future outbreaks and severe diseases of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao Guan
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing Academy for Preventive Medicine, Beijing Institute of Tuberculosis Control Research and Prevention, Beijing 100013, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Huang
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing Academy for Preventive Medicine, Beijing Institute of Tuberculosis Control Research and Prevention, Beijing 100013, People's Republic of China; School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Dong
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing Academy for Preventive Medicine, Beijing Institute of Tuberculosis Control Research and Prevention, Beijing 100013, People's Republic of China
| | - Maozhong Li
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing Academy for Preventive Medicine, Beijing Institute of Tuberculosis Control Research and Prevention, Beijing 100013, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Xie
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing Academy for Preventive Medicine, Beijing Institute of Tuberculosis Control Research and Prevention, Beijing 100013, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofeng Wei
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing Academy for Preventive Medicine, Beijing Institute of Tuberculosis Control Research and Prevention, Beijing 100013, People's Republic of China; School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Kang
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing Academy for Preventive Medicine, Beijing Institute of Tuberculosis Control Research and Prevention, Beijing 100013, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Wang
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing Academy for Preventive Medicine, Beijing Institute of Tuberculosis Control Research and Prevention, Beijing 100013, People's Republic of China
| | - Aihua Li
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing Academy for Preventive Medicine, Beijing Institute of Tuberculosis Control Research and Prevention, Beijing 100013, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Wang
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing Academy for Preventive Medicine, Beijing Institute of Tuberculosis Control Research and Prevention, Beijing 100013, People's Republic of China; School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Huang
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing Academy for Preventive Medicine, Beijing Institute of Tuberculosis Control Research and Prevention, Beijing 100013, People's Republic of China; Beijing Research Center for Respiratory Infectious Diseases, People's Republic of China.
| | - Quanyi Wang
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing Academy for Preventive Medicine, Beijing Institute of Tuberculosis Control Research and Prevention, Beijing 100013, People's Republic of China; Beijing Research Center for Respiratory Infectious Diseases, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Totolian AA, Smirnov VS, Krasnov AA, Ramsay ES, Dedkov VG, Popova AY. COVID-19 Incidence Proportion as a Function of Regional Testing Strategy, Vaccination Coverage, and Vaccine Type. Viruses 2023; 15:2181. [PMID: 38005859 PMCID: PMC10675075 DOI: 10.3390/v15112181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has become a serious challenge for humanity almost everywhere globally. Despite active vaccination around the world, the incidence proportion in different countries varies significantly as of May 2022. The reason may be a combination of demographic, immunological, and epidemiological factors. The purpose of this study was to analyze possible relationships between COVID-19 incidence proportion in the population and the types of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines used in different countries globally, taking into account demographic and epidemiological factors. Materials and methods: An initial database was created of demographic and immunoepidemiological information about the COVID-19 situation in 104 countries collected from published official sources and repository data. The baseline included, for each country, population size and density; SARS-CoV-2 testing coverage; vaccination coverage; incidence proportion; and a list of vaccines that were used, including their relative share among all vaccinations. Subsequently, the initial data set was stratified by population and vaccination coverage. The final data set was subjected to statistical processing both in general and taking into account population testing coverage. Results: After formation of the final data set (including 53 countries), it turned out that reported COVID-19 case numbers correlated most strongly with testing coverage and the proportions of vaccine types used, specifically, mRNA (V1); vector (V2); peptide/protein (V3); and whole-virion/inactivated (V4). Due to the fact that an inverse correlation was found between 'reported COVID-19 case numbers' with V2, V3, and V4, these three vaccine types were also combined into one analytic group, 'non-mRNA group' vaccines (Vnmg). When the relationship between vaccine type and incidence proportion was examined, minimum incidence proportion was noted at V1:Vnmg ratios (%:%) from 0:100 to 30:70. Maximum incidence proportion was seen with V1:Vnmg from 80:20 to 100:0. On the other hand, we have shown that the number of reported COVID-19 cases in different countries largely depends on testing coverage. To offset this factor, countries with low and extremely high levels of testing were excluded from the data set; it was then confirmed that the largest number of reported COVID-19 cases occurred in countries with a dominance of V1 vaccines. The fewest reported cases were seen in countries with a dominance of Vnmg vaccines. Conclusion: In this paper, we have shown for the first time that the level of reported COVID-19 incidence proportion depends not only on SARS-CoV-2 testing and vaccination coverage, which is quite logical, but probably also on the vaccine types used. With the same vaccination level and testing coverage, those countries that predominantly use vector and whole-virion vaccines feature incidence proportion that is significantly lower than countries that predominantly use mRNA vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areg A. Totolian
- Saint Petersburg Pasteur Institute, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.A.T.); (V.S.S.); (A.A.K.); (E.S.R.)
| | - Viacheslav S. Smirnov
- Saint Petersburg Pasteur Institute, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.A.T.); (V.S.S.); (A.A.K.); (E.S.R.)
| | - Alexei A. Krasnov
- Saint Petersburg Pasteur Institute, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.A.T.); (V.S.S.); (A.A.K.); (E.S.R.)
| | - Edward S. Ramsay
- Saint Petersburg Pasteur Institute, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.A.T.); (V.S.S.); (A.A.K.); (E.S.R.)
| | - Vladimir G. Dedkov
- Saint Petersburg Pasteur Institute, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.A.T.); (V.S.S.); (A.A.K.); (E.S.R.)
| | - Anna Y. Popova
- Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare, 127994 Moscow, Russia;
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Li C, Chen L, Li L, Chen W. Drug-drug interactions and dose management of BTK inhibitors when initiating nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (paxlovid) based on physiologically-based pharmacokinetic models. Eur J Pharm Sci 2023; 189:106564. [PMID: 37586436 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Co-administration of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir is challenging because of potential drug-drug interactions (DDIs). However, clinical trials specifically evaluating such DDIs are absent. To evaluate and quantify the DDIs between them and provide rational dose management strategies of BTK inhibitors, we conducted this study using physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models. METHODS Physicochemical properties and pharmacokinetic parameters were acquired from the published literature and databases. The PBPK models were developed using Simcyp® software. These models were validated by comparing with published literature values. The successfully validated PBPK models were used to simulate the plasma concentration-time profiles and DDIs in a virtual healthy population receiving BTK inhibitors alone or with ritonavir. RESULTS Simulated plasma concentration-time profiles and pharmacokinetic parameters of each drug were in agreement with clinically observed values from literatures. Ritonavir increased ibrutinib maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) and the area under plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) 33- and 53.88-fold, respectively, increased zanubrutinib Cmax and AUC 2.57- and 3.18-fold, respectively, and increased acalabrutinib Cmax and AUC 3.85- and 6.54-fold, respectively. Based on our simulations, dose-adjustment strategies may consist of ibrutinib at 25 mg q48h, zanubrutinib at 80 mg twice-daily and acalabrutinib at 25 mg twice-daily with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir. CONCLUSIONS The PBPK models predicted the in vivo pharmacokinetics and the DDIs of BTK inhibitors and ritonavir. The prospective simulations not only provided scientific evidence regarding rational dosing management strategies when initiating nirmatrelvir/ritonavir therapy but also provided a reference for the design of clinical DDIs study that may save resources and time. SUMMARY Paxlovid could increase Cmax and AUC0-τ of BTK inhibitors (ibrutinib, zanubrutinib and acalabrutinib), and dose adjustment strategy of ibrutinib (25 mg q48h), zanubrutinib (80 mg q12h) and acalabrutinib (25 mg q12h) should be considered when combination with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Hanyu Road No.181, Shapingba district, Chongqing, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Hanyu Road No.181, Shapingba district, Chongqing, China
| | - Lixian Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Hanyu Road No.181, Shapingba district, Chongqing, China
| | - Wanyi Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Hanyu Road No.181, Shapingba district, Chongqing, China; Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
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Mendoza-Cano O, Trujillo X, Ríos-Silva M, Lugo-Radillo A, Benites-Godínez V, Bricio-Barrios JA, Cuevas-Arellano HB, Ríos-Bracamontes EF, Serrano-Moreno W, Cárdenas Y, Murillo-Zamora E. Association between Vaccination Status for COVID-19 and the Risk of Severe Symptoms during the Endemic Phase of the Disease. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1512. [PMID: 37896916 PMCID: PMC10610663 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11101512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The global health emergency caused by COVID-19 concluded in May 2023, marking the beginning of an endemic phase. This study aimed to evaluate the association between vaccination status and other patient characteristics and the risk of severe disease during this new endemic period. A nationwide cohort study was conducted in Mexico, where we analyzed data from 646 adults who had received positive confirmation of COVID-19 through PCR testing from May to August 2023. The overall risk of severe symptoms in the study sample was 5.3%. The average time elapsed from the last vaccine shot to symptom onset was over six months in all the immunized groups (1, 2 or 3 vaccine doses). Compared to unvaccinated patients, those with three vaccine doses showed an elevated risk of severe symptoms. Advancing age and various chronic comorbidities (specifically cardiovascular, kidney, and obstructive pulmonary conditions) were associated with a heightened risk of severe COVID-19 manifestations. These findings underscore the ongoing seriousness of COVID-19, even in an endemic phase, underscoring the urgent need for tailored interventions aimed at high-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Mendoza-Cano
- Facultad de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad de Colima, km. 9 Carretera Colima-Coquimatlán, Coquimatlán 28400, Mexico
- Centro de Estudios e Investigación en Biocultura, Agroecología, Ambiente y Salud Colima, Ex-Hacienda Nogueras S/N, Nogueras 28450, Mexico
| | - Xóchitl Trujillo
- Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Av. 25 de Julio 965, Colima 28045, Mexico
| | - Mónica Ríos-Silva
- CONAHCyT—Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Av. 25 de Julio 965, Colima 28045, Mexico
| | - Agustin Lugo-Radillo
- CONAHCyT—Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Ex Hacienda Aguilera S/N, Carr. a San Felipe del Agua, Oaxaca 68020, Mexico
| | - Verónica Benites-Godínez
- Coordinación de Educación en Salud, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Calzada del Ejercito Nacional 14, Tepic 63169, Mexico
- Unidad Académica de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Ciudad de la Cultura Amado Nervo, Tepic 63155, Mexico
| | | | | | - Eder Fernando Ríos-Bracamontes
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital General de Zona No. 1, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Av. Lapislázuli 250, Villa de Álvarez 28984, Mexico
| | - Walter Serrano-Moreno
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Colima, Av. Universidad 333, Colima 28040, Mexico
| | - Yolitzy Cárdenas
- Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Av. 25 de Julio 965, Colima 28045, Mexico
| | - Efrén Murillo-Zamora
- Unidad de Investigación en Epidemiología Clínica, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Av. Lapislázuli 250, Villa de Álvarez 28984, Mexico
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15
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Benites-Godínez V, Mendoza-Cano O, Trujillo X, Ríos-Silva M, Lugo-Radillo A, Bricio-Barrios JA, Cuevas-Arellano HB, Ríos-Bracamontes EF, Serrano-Moreno W, Cárdenas Y, Baltazar-Rodríguez GM, Ortega-Ramírez AD, Murillo-Zamora E. Survival Analysis and Contributing Factors among PCR-Confirmed Adult Inpatients during the Endemic Phase of COVID-19. Diseases 2023; 11:119. [PMID: 37754315 PMCID: PMC10527613 DOI: 10.3390/diseases11030119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In May 2023, the global health emergency status of COVID-19 concluded, marking the onset of an endemic era. This study assessed survival rates among PCR-confirmed adult inpatients during this phase and determined contributing factors. Employing a survival analysis approach, this investigation utilized a nationwide Mexican cohort encompassing 152 adult inpatients. Survival rates were computed using the Kaplan-Meier method, and a proportional Cox model identified mortality risk factors. Survival rates remained above 65% on day 14 after admission. Vaccination status, including the number of doses administered, was not significantly associated with fatal outcomes. Chronic kidney disease or a history of immunosuppression (due to any cause) increased mortality risk. Our findings underscore the persistent severity of COVID-19 beyond the global health emergency, emphasizing the necessity for tailored interventions for vulnerable patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Benites-Godínez
- Coordinación de Educación en Salud, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Calzada del Ejercito Nacional 14, Tepic 63169, Mexico
- Unidad Académica de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Ciudad de la Cultura Amado Nervo, Tepic 63155, Mexico
| | - Oliver Mendoza-Cano
- Facultad de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad de Colima, km. 9 Carretera Colima-Coquimatlán, Coquimatlán 28400, Mexico
- Centro de Estudios e Investigación en Biocultura, Agroecología, Ambiente y Salud Colima, Ex-Hacienda Nogueras S/N, Nogueras 28450, Mexico
| | - Xóchitl Trujillo
- Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Av. 25 de Julio 965, Colima 28045, Mexico
| | - Mónica Ríos-Silva
- Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, CONAHCyT—Universidad de Colima, Av. 25 de Julio 965, Colima 28045, Mexico
| | - Agustin Lugo-Radillo
- CONAHCyT—Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Ex Hacienda Aguilera S/N, Carr. a San Felipe del Agua, Oaxaca 68020, Mexico
| | | | | | - Eder Fernando Ríos-Bracamontes
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital General de Zona No. 1, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Av. Lapislázuli 250, Villa de Álvarez 28984, Mexico
| | - Walter Serrano-Moreno
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Colima, Av. Universidad 333, Colima 28040, Mexico
| | - Yolitzy Cárdenas
- Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Av. 25 de Julio 965, Colima 28045, Mexico
| | - Greta Mariana Baltazar-Rodríguez
- Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, Campus Guadalajara, Av. General Ramón Corona No. 2514, Zapopan 45201, Mexico
| | - Ana Daniela Ortega-Ramírez
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Colima, Av. Universidad 333, Colima 28040, Mexico
| | - Efrén Murillo-Zamora
- Unidad de Investigación en Epidemiología Clínica, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Av. Lapislázuli 250, Villa de Álvarez 28984, Mexico
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Disney L, Ahmed R, Moon Y, Carnes S. Predictors of COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake and Reasons for Vaccine Hesitancy Among New York State Refugees. JOURNAL OF EVIDENCE-BASED SOCIAL WORK (2019) 2023; 20:653-667. [PMID: 37461308 DOI: 10.1080/26408066.2023.2201240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Resettled refugees in the U.S. face a disproportionately high risk of COVID-19 exposure, infection, and death. This study examines COVID-19 vaccination status among adult participants and their minor children, reasons for vaccine hesitancy, and predictors of vaccine uptake, as well as sources of COVID-19 news and information and trust in those sources. METHOD The data in this study were drawn from the Telehealth and COVID-19 Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices in New York Refugee Communities Survey (N = 353), conducted March-May, 2022. RESULTS The multivariate results indicate that in this sample of resettled refugees, those who reported higher levels of educational attainment, were from Afghanistan, and those who had fewer concerns about the vaccine were more likely to accept vaccination. The participants in this study identified local health workers, clinics, and community organizations - places where social workers are present - as both the largest source of nonsocial media COVID-19 news and information and the most trusted source of COVID-19 news and information. DISCUSSION The implications from this study provide social workers with an understanding of the social and behavioral factors impacting vaccine uptake in refugee communities. CONCLUSION According to the NASW Code of Ethics, social workers must challenge inequalities that persist against marginalized groups, such as racial and ethnic health disparities. Social work practitioners can play an essential role in decreasing unjust health disparities by providing accurate, culturally appropriate information on public health concerns such as COVID-19 to their refugee clients and within interprofessional collaboration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey Disney
- School of Social Welfare, University at Albany, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Rukhsana Ahmed
- Department of Communication, College of Arts and Sciences, University at Albany, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Yohan Moon
- School of Social Welfare, University at Albany, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Stephanie Carnes
- School of Social Welfare, University at Albany, Albany, New York, USA
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Garbin AJÍ, Chiba EK, Garbin CAS, Chiba FY, Moimaz SAS, Saliba TA. Systematic review: Impact of parental decision on paediatric COVID-19 vaccination. Child Care Health Dev 2023; 49:787-799. [PMID: 37161546 DOI: 10.1111/cch.13124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective was to carry out a systematic review on the acceptance of parents to vaccinate their children against COVID-19 and the factors that contribute for vaccination hesitancy. METHODS The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Re- views and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and the Patient, Intervention, Comparison and Outcome (PICO) strategy were followed. A search was carried out in the VHL Regional Portal, PubMed, Scielo, Web of Science, Embase and Scopus databases. We included articles that assessed the rate of acceptance and/or hesitation of parents and the factors that affect the decision about vaccination against COVID-19 for their children in cross-sectional studies. Laboratory studies, animal models, tests and case reports that elected other aspects related to COVID-19 were excluded. The methodological quality of the studies was based on the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Studies Reporting Prevalence Data, developed by the Joanna Briggs Institute. RESULTS From the 708 articles found, 237 studies remained after removal of duplicates. Titles and abstracts of these publications were evaluated and, applying the exclusion criteria, 56 articles were selected. Inclusion criteria were employed and 28 studies were eligible. Overall average vaccination acceptance rate was 55.81%, and the main reasons for vaccine hesitancy were uncertainty of vaccine efficacy and safety, concerns about side effects, and lack of access to relevant information. CONCLUSION The research results can be useful for the development of health education and parental awareness strategies in order to promote greater adherence to vaccination against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artênio José Ísper Garbin
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Erika Kiyoko Chiba
- School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Cléa Adas Saliba Garbin
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Fernando Yamamoto Chiba
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Suzely Adas Saliba Moimaz
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Tânia Adas Saliba
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
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Toyama K, Eto T, Takazawa K, Shimizu S, Nakayama T, Furihata K, Sogawa Y, Kumazaki M, Jonai N, Matsunaga S, Takeshita F, Yoshihara K, Ishizuka H. DS-5670a, a novel mRNA-encapsulated lipid nanoparticle vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2: Results from a phase 2 clinical study. Vaccine 2023; 41:5525-5534. [PMID: 37586958 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND DS-5670a is a vaccine candidate for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) harnessing a novel modality composed of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) encoding the receptor-binding domain (RBD) from the spike protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles. Here, we report the safety, immunogenicity, and pharmacokinetic profile of DS-5670a from a phase 2 clinical trial in healthy adults who were immunologically naïve to SARS-CoV-2. METHODS The study consisted of an open-label, uncontrolled, dose-escalation part and a double-blind, randomized, uncontrolled, 2-arm, parallel-group part. A total of 80 Japanese participants were assigned to receive intramuscular DS-5670a, containing either 30 or 60 µg of mRNA, as two injections administered 4 weeks apart. Safety was assessed by characterization of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs). Immunogenicity was assessed by neutralization titers against SARS-CoV-2, anti-RBD immunoglobulin (Ig)G levels, and SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific T cell responses. Plasma pharmacokinetic parameters of DS-5670a were also evaluated. RESULTS Most solicited TEAEs were mild or moderate with both the 30 and 60 µg mRNA doses. Four participants (10 %) in the 60 µg mRNA group developed severe redness at the injection site, but all cases resolved without treatment. There were no serious TEAEs and no TEAEs leading to discontinuation. Humoral immune responses in both dose groups were greater than those observed in human convalescent serum; the 60 µg mRNA dose produced better responses. Neutralization titers were found to be correlated with anti-RBD IgG levels (specifically IgG1). DS-5670a elicited antigen-specific T helper 1-polarized cellular immune responses. CONCLUSIONS The novel mRNA-based vaccine candidate DS-5670a provided favorable immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 with a clinically acceptable safety profile. Confirmatory trials are currently ongoing to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of DS-5670a as the primary vaccine and to assess the immunogenicity when administered as a heterologous or homologous booster. TRIAL REGISTRY https://jrct.niph.go.jp/latest-detail/jRCT2071210086.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaoru Toyama
- Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-2-58, Hiromachi, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 140-8710, Japan
| | - Takashi Eto
- Souseikai Hakata Clinic, Random Square 5F, 6-18, Tenyamachi, Hakata-ku, Fukuoka 812-0025, Japan
| | - Kenji Takazawa
- Shinanozaka Clinic, Medical Corporation Shinanokai, Yotsuya Medical Building 3F, 20 Samon-cho, Shinjyu-ku, Tokyo 160-0017, Japan
| | - Shinji Shimizu
- Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-2-58, Hiromachi, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 140-8710, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Nakayama
- Kitasato University Ömura Satoshi Memorial Institute, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Kei Furihata
- Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-2-58, Hiromachi, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 140-8710, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Sogawa
- Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-2-58, Hiromachi, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 140-8710, Japan
| | - Masafumi Kumazaki
- Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-2-58, Hiromachi, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 140-8710, Japan
| | - Nao Jonai
- Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-2-58, Hiromachi, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 140-8710, Japan
| | - Satoko Matsunaga
- Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-2-58, Hiromachi, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 140-8710, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Takeshita
- Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-2-58, Hiromachi, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 140-8710, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Yoshihara
- Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-2-58, Hiromachi, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 140-8710, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ishizuka
- Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-2-58, Hiromachi, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 140-8710, Japan.
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19
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Merling MR, Williams A, Mahfooz NS, Ruane-Foster M, Smith J, Jahnes J, Ayers LW, Bazan JA, Norris A, Norris Turner A, Oglesbee M, Faith SA, Quam MB, Robinson RT. The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 lineages and associated saliva antibody responses among asymptomatic individuals in a large university community. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011596. [PMID: 37603565 PMCID: PMC10470930 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 (CoV2) infected, asymptomatic individuals are an important contributor to COVID transmission. CoV2-specific immunoglobulin (Ig)-as generated by the immune system following infection or vaccination-has helped limit CoV2 transmission from asymptomatic individuals to susceptible populations (e.g. elderly). Here, we describe the relationships between COVID incidence and CoV2 lineage, viral load, saliva Ig levels (CoV2-specific IgM, IgA and IgG), and ACE2 binding inhibition capacity in asymptomatic individuals between January 2021 and May 2022. These data were generated as part of a large university COVID monitoring program in Ohio, United States of America, and demonstrate that COVID incidence among asymptomatic individuals occurred in waves which mirrored those in surrounding regions, with saliva CoV2 viral loads becoming progressively higher in our community until vaccine mandates were established. Among the unvaccinated, infection with each CoV2 lineage (pre-Omicron) resulted in saliva Spike-specific IgM, IgA, and IgG responses, the latter increasing significantly post-infection and being more pronounced than N-specific IgG responses. Vaccination resulted in significantly higher Spike-specific IgG levels compared to unvaccinated infected individuals, and uninfected vaccinees' saliva was more capable of inhibiting Spike function. Vaccinees with breakthrough Delta infections had Spike-specific IgG levels comparable to those of uninfected vaccinees; however, their ability to inhibit Spike binding was diminished. These data are consistent with COVID vaccines having achieved hoped-for effects in our community, including the generation of mucosal antibodies that inhibit Spike and lower community viral loads, and suggest breakthrough Delta infections were not due to an absence of vaccine-elicited Ig, but instead limited Spike binding activity in the face of high community viral loads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlena R. Merling
- Department of Microbial Infection & Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Amanda Williams
- Department of Microbial Infection & Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Najmus S. Mahfooz
- Department of Microbial Infection & Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Marisa Ruane-Foster
- Department of Microbial Infection & Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jacob Smith
- Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jeff Jahnes
- Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Leona W. Ayers
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jose A. Bazan
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Alison Norris
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Abigail Norris Turner
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Michael Oglesbee
- Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Seth A. Faith
- Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Mikkel B. Quam
- Department of Epidemiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Richard T. Robinson
- Department of Microbial Infection & Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
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20
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Wu Y, Huang P, Xu M, Zhao Q, Xu Y, Han S, Li H, Wang Y. Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in healthy adults. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1152899. [PMID: 37559719 PMCID: PMC10407550 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1152899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is highly pathogenic to humans and has caused the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Vaccines are one of the efficient ways to prevent the viral infection. After COVID-19 vaccination, the monitoring of the dynamic change in neutralizing antibodies is necessary to determine booster requirements. Methods We estimated the effectiveness of the inactivated vaccines by monitoring dynamic SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies for over 2 years. Additionally, we also investigated the activation of T lymphocytes (CD3+ T cells) after three doses of the inactivated vaccine. Result The results showed that the rate of reduction of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody levels gradually showed after each booster dose. The IgG/IgM level at 9 months after the third vaccination were significantly higher than those at 6 months after the second dose (p<0.0001). The expression of CD25+T cell in 18-35 age group was significantly higher than that in the other groups. Nine months after the third dose (the time of last blood sample collection), the expression of CD25+T cell in the 18-35 age group was significantly higher than that at 6 months after the second dose. CD25+T cell in the 18-35 years old group was significantly higher than 6 months after the second vaccination. Conclusion CD25, a late activation marker of lymphocytes and high-activity memory T cell subgroup, exhibited higher levels at the later stages after vaccination. COVID-19 booster vaccination in older adults and regular testing of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies are recommended. Booster doses should be administered if the antibody level falls below the 30% inhibition rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Wu
- Institute of Medical Sciences, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Medical Integration and Practice Center, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ping Huang
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Mingjie Xu
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qianqian Zhao
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yihui Xu
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shuyi Han
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Huanjie Li
- Institute of Medical Sciences, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Medical Integration and Practice Center, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yunshan Wang
- Medical Integration and Practice Center, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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21
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Catalano HP, Richards K, Shaw KHH, Catalano M. Applying the theory of planned behavior to predict COVID-19 booster vaccination intentions of college students. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023:1-10. [PMID: 37437193 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2023.2228425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was: (a) to determine COVID-19 vaccination rates among college students, (b) to assess what proportion of college students self-report currently or previously having COVID-19, and (c) to test theory of planned behavior (TPB)-based constructs in predicting the COVID-19 booster vaccination behavioral intentions. Methods: A non-experimental, cross-sectional study design was applied. Participants: The sample consisted of 288 college students ages 18 years and older. Results: The stepwise multiple regression revealed that attitude (β = .329; p < .001) and subjective norm (β = .244; p < .001) were statistically significant predictors of intention to receive the COVID-19 booster, accounting for 86.7% (Adjusted R2 = .867, F (2, 204 = 673.002, p < .001) of the variance. Conclusions: College students are at high risk for more severe complications of COVID-19 infection due to low vaccination rates. The instrument designed for this study may be used to design TPB-based interventions to increase COVID-19 vaccination and booster intentions of college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Priest Catalano
- School of Health & Applied Human Sciences, University of North Carolina, Wilmington, NC, USA
| | - Keith Richards
- School of Communication, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | | | - Michael Catalano
- School of Communication, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
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22
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Moore R, Purvis RS, CarlLee S, Hallgren E, Kraleti S, Willis DE, McElfish PA. Understanding Vaccination Among Hesitant Adopters of the COVID-19 Vaccine Using the Increasing Vaccination Model. JOURNAL OF HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2023; 28:458-476. [PMID: 37394866 PMCID: PMC10443235 DOI: 10.1080/10810730.2023.2224265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was the third leading cause of death in 2021 in the United States and has led to historic declines in life expectancy for Americans. While vaccination is an effective mitigation strategy for COVID-19, vaccine hesitancy remains a major barrier to individual and population-level protection. An emerging literature on hesitant adopters of COVID-19 vaccines highlights co-occurrence of hesitancy and vaccine uptake as an understudied phenomenon, with the potential to provide insight into factors that lead hesitant individuals to become vaccinated despite their hesitancy. We use qualitative interviews among hesitant adopters in Arkansas to examine vaccine hesitancy among this understudied group. Drawing on the Increasing Vaccination Model, we find that the most frequently reported motivations of hesitant adopters were within the domain of social processes, pointing to a critical focal point for targeted health communications intervening in this domain (e.g. social norms, social networks, and altruistic behavior). We find that recommendations from health care workers (HCWs) other than physicians/providers may serve as an effective influence to vaccinate. We also demonstrate negative effects of low provider and HCW confidence and weak recommendations on motivations to vaccinate among individuals expressing vaccine hesitancy. Additionally, we find individual information-seeking behaviors among hesitant adopters bolstered confidence in the efficacy of the COVID-19 vaccine. Based on these findings, clear, accessible, and authoritative health communication has a role in combatting the COVID-19 misinformation/disinformation infodemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramey Moore
- College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, Springdale, Arkansas, USA
| | - Rachel S Purvis
- College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, Springdale, Arkansas, USA
| | - Sheena CarlLee
- College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Emily Hallgren
- College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, Springdale, Arkansas, USA
| | - Shashank Kraleti
- College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Don E Willis
- College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, Springdale, Arkansas, USA
| | - Pearl A McElfish
- College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, Springdale, Arkansas, USA
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23
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Erickson SM, Fenno SL, Barzilai N, Kuchel G, Bartley JM, Justice JN, Buse JB, Bramante CT. Metformin for Treatment of Acute COVID-19: Systematic Review of Clinical Trial Data Against SARS-CoV-2. Diabetes Care 2023; 46:1432-1442. [PMID: 37339345 PMCID: PMC10300519 DOI: 10.2337/dc22-2539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Observational and preclinical data suggest metformin may prevent severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes. PURPOSE We conducted a systematic review of randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials of metformin treatment for COVID-19 to determine whether metformin affects clinical or laboratory outcomes in individuals infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and present a structured summary of preclinical data. STUDY SELECTION Two independent reviewers searched PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane COVID-19 Study Register, and ClinicalTrials.gov on 1 February 2023 with no date restrictions for trials where investigators randomized adults with COVID-19 to metformin versus control and assessed clinical and/or laboratory outcomes of interest. The Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool was used to assess bias. DATA EXTRACTION Two reviewers extracted data pertaining to prespecified outcomes of each interest from each included trial. DATA SYNTHESIS The synthesis plan was developed a priori and was guided by Synthesis Without Meta-analysis (SWiM) guidelines. Summary tables and narrative synthesis were used (PROSPERO, 2022, CRD42022349896). Three randomized trials met inclusion criteria. In two of the trials investigators found that metformin improved clinical outcomes (prevented need for oxygen and prevented need for acute health care use), and in the third trial a larger portion of adults with diabetes were enrolled but results did show a direction of benefit similar to that of the other trials in the per-protocol group. In the largest trial, subjects were enrolled during the delta and omicron waves and vaccinated individuals were included. The certainty of evidence that metformin prevents health care use due to COVID-19 was moderate per Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria. Many preclinical studies have shown metformin to be effective against SARS-CoV-2. LIMITATIONS Limitations include inclusion of only three trials and heterogeneity between trials. CONCLUSIONS Future trials will help define the role of metformin in COVID-19 treatment guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nir Barzilai
- Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - George Kuchel
- UConn Center on Aging, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT
| | - Jenna M. Bartley
- UConn Center on Aging, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT
| | - Jamie Nicole Justice
- Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer’s Prevention, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - John B. Buse
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Carolyn T. Bramante
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN
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24
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Fleischer E, Landaeta-Díaz L, González-Medina G, Horovitz O. Anxiety, anhedonia, and related food consumption in Israelis populations:An online cross-sectional study two years since the outbreak of COVID-19. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17211. [PMID: 37332908 PMCID: PMC10266889 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted daily life. Beyond severe health and economic consequences, psychological consequences have surfaced that require in-depth research to understand the pandemic's effects on mental health. Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the association between anxiety levels and anhedonia with food consumption patterns and changes in body weight over the two years since the COVID-19 outbreak in Israel. Methods This cross-sectional study utilized non-randomized sampling through an online survey that included 741 study participants aged 18 to 94. participants were asked to complete the Beck's Anxiety Questionnaire, the Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale for Anhedonia Measurement, the Mediterranean Nutrition Questionnaire, and self-reports of body weight and serving size changes. Results Those who reported severe anxiety and anhedonia reported the highest intake of fats, sugars, and carbohydrates and the highest weight gain (e.g., Butter and cream food: severe anxiety (M = 1.342, SEM = 0.217); low anxiety (M = 0.682, SEM = 0.042), Sweet pastries: severe anxiety (M = 4.078, SEM = 0.451); low anxiety (M = 3.175, SEM = 0.436)). Anhedonic participants consumed more sweetened beverages (M = 0.987, SEM = 0.013) than hedonic participants (M = 0.472, SEM = 0.231). Among participants that gained weight, severe anxiety participants consumed significantly more salty pastries (M = 2.263, SEM = 0.550) than those with low anxiety (M = 1.096, SEM = 0.107; p = .003). A significant interaction was found between weight, anxiety, and consuming salty pastries. High anxiety subjects and weight gain declared the highest intake of this food (p = .018); Significant interactions were found between those with severe anxiety and anhedonia, who reported the highest consumption of butter and cream (p = .005) and salty pastries (p = .021). Significant associations were found between weight and anhedonia and weight and anxiety levels (p = .000, p = .006 - respectively). Conclusions The outbreak of COVID-19 and its long-term presence strengthen the negative psychological aspects and increase the consumption of foods high in fat and sugar. Further attention to nutritional health is needed since crises may occur, and we must be prepared to prevent adverse consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Fleischer
- The Physiology and Behavior Laboratory, Tel-Hai Academic College, 9977 North Districts, Israel
- Psychology Department, Tel-Hai Academic College, 9977 North Districts, Israel
| | - L Landaeta-Díaz
- Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, University of the Americas, Av. Walker Martínez 1360, piso 3, Edificio A, La Florida, Santiago, Chile
| | - G González-Medina
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Av. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 340, Santiago, 8331150, Santiago, Chile
| | - O Horovitz
- The Physiology and Behavior Laboratory, Tel-Hai Academic College, 9977 North Districts, Israel
- Psychology Department, Tel-Hai Academic College, 9977 North Districts, Israel
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25
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Budhia DM, Jaiswal A, Prasad R, Yelne S, Wanjari MB. From Polio to COVID-19: Examining the Impact of Pandemics on Childhood Vaccination Programs. Cureus 2023; 15:e39460. [PMID: 37362480 PMCID: PMC10290216 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.39460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This review article aims to examine the impact of pandemics on childhood vaccination programs, specifically looking at the examples of polio and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The article provides a comprehensive overview of the history of polio vaccination programs, including the challenges of eradicating the disease and the barriers to vaccine uptake. The article also looks at the global efforts to eradicate polio, such as the Global Polio Eradication Initiative, and the progress made in reducing the number of polio cases worldwide. The article reviews the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on childhood vaccination programs and how the pandemic has disrupted routine vaccination services. Lockdowns and travel restrictions have contributed to this, which has reduced access to medical facilities and vaccine uptake. The article also explores how the prioritization of COVID-19 vaccines has led to a diversion of resources away from routine childhood immunization programs. The article highlights the need to address these challenges to prevent a resurgence of vaccine-preventable diseases. Furthermore, the article discusses the lessons learned from these pandemics, such as the importance of global collaboration, vaccine equity, addressing vaccine hesitancy, pandemic preparedness, and embracing technology. The article emphasizes the need to prioritize vaccine equity and ensure that vulnerable populations have access to vaccines. Additionally, the article stresses the importance of addressing vaccine hesitancy and providing effective communication and education about vaccines. The article also advocates for pandemic preparedness, emphasizing the need to invest in research and development of vaccines for emerging infectious diseases. Finally, the article suggests embracing technology as a means to improve vaccine accessibility and distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divyansh M Budhia
- Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Arpita Jaiswal
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Roshan Prasad
- Medicine and Surgery, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Seema Yelne
- Nursing, Shalinitai Meghe College of Nursing, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Mayur B Wanjari
- Research and Development, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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26
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Kurogi K, Ikegami K, Ando H, Hino A, Tsuji M, Igarashi Y, Nagata T, Muramatsu K, Fujino Y. Evaluation of workplace infection prevention and control measures for COVID-19: A prospective cohort study in Japan. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15996. [PMID: 37163163 PMCID: PMC10156382 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Encouraging the implementation of infection prevention and control (IPC) measures has been necessary to prevent workplace infections caused by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the effectiveness of these measures in reducing infections has not been thoroughly evaluated. We evaluated employees' COVID-19 infection rates in relation to the implementation of IPC measures at their workplaces to identify effective workplace measures. Methods This prospective cohort study was conducted between December 2020 and December 2021 using Internet-based self-assessment questionnaires, with 11,982 participants included from the baseline. To estimate whether implementing workplace IPC measures was associated with COVID-19 incidence rates among participants, we estimated multivariate-adjusted relative risk (RR) using a log-binomial model. Results After adjusting for sex, age, education, household members, occupation-related factors, and personal preventive behaviors, requesting ill employees to refrain from going to work showed significantly lower COVID-19 infection rates than not requesting it (RR: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.34-0.91, p = 0.019). Conclusions Employees restricted from reporting to work when ill had significantly lower COVID-19 infection rates than those who did not follow this measure. The results indicated that not coming to work when ill was effective in reducing COVID-19 infections at the workplace. We suggest that companies proactively adopt this policy and encourage their employees to comply with it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazushirou Kurogi
- Department of Work Systems and Health, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1, Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku Kitakyushu-shi, Fukuoka, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Kazunori Ikegami
- Department of Work Systems and Health, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1, Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku Kitakyushu-shi, Fukuoka, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Hajime Ando
- Department of Work Systems and Health, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1, Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku Kitakyushu-shi, Fukuoka, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Ayako Hino
- Department of Mental Health, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1, Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku Kitakyushu-shi, Fukuoka, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Mayumi Tsuji
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1, Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku Kitakyushu-shi, Fukuoka, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Yu Igarashi
- Disaster Occupational Health Center, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1, Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku Kitakyushu-shi, Fukuoka, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Nagata
- Department of Occupational Health Practice and Management, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1, Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku Kitakyushu-shi, Fukuoka, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Keiji Muramatsu
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1, Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku Kitakyushu-shi, Fukuoka, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Fujino
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1, Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku Kitakyushu-shi, Fukuoka, 807-8555, Japan
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Iloanusi ON, Iloanusi NI, Ross AA. Analyzing the impact of vaccinations and weather factors on the COVID-19 pandemic. Curr Med Res Opin 2023; 39:719-729. [PMID: 37009993 DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2023.2197493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A world-wide immunization project was launched at the peak of COVID-19 pandemic to contain and minimize the adverse effects of SARS-CoV-2 virus. We carried out a series of statistical analyses in this paper to determine, confirm and quantify the impact of the vaccinations on COVID-19 cases and mortalities, amidst critical confounding factors - temperature and solar irradiance. METHODS The experiments in this paper were carried out on the world data, data from 21 countries and the five major continents. The significance of the 2020 - 2022 vaccinations on the COVID-19 cases and mortalities response data were evaluated via Hypotheses' tests. Correlation coefficient analyses were carried out to determine the extent of the relationship between vaccination coverage and corresponding COVID-19 mortalities data. The impact of vaccination was quantified. The effects of the weather factors - temperature and solar irradiance, on COVID-19 cases and mortalities data were analyzed. RESULTS The series of hypotheses tests carried out reveal that vaccinations did not affect cases; however, vaccinations significantly impacted the mean daily mortalities in all five major continents and globally. The correlation coefficient analysis results show vaccination coverage to be highly and negatively correlated with daily mortalities in the world - the five major continents and most of the countries studied in this work. The percentage reduction in mortalities as a result of wider vaccination coverage was indeed significant. Temperature and solar irradiance impacted daily COVID-19 cases and mortalities data during the vaccination and post vaccination periods. CONCLUSION Results show that the world-wide Vaccination against COVID-19 project had a significant impact in reducing mortalities and minimizing the adverse effects due to COVID-19 globally, in all five (5) major continents of the world and the countries studied in this work, however, temperature and solar irradiance still had effects on COVID-19 response in the vaccination eras.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ogechukwu N Iloanusi
- Department of Electronic Engineering, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Nneka I Iloanusi
- Department of Radiation Medicine, College of Medicine. University of Nigeria, Ituku-Ozalla Campus, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Arun A Ross
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
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Collinge AN, Bath PA. Socioeconomic Background and Self-Reported Sleep Quality in Older Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Analysis of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4534. [PMID: 36901540 PMCID: PMC10001974 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted sleep quality. However, research regarding older adults' sleep quality during the pandemic has been limited. This study examined the association between socioeconomic background (SEB) and older adults' sleep quality during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data on 7040 adults aged ≥50 were acquired from a COVID-19 sub-study of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). SEB was operationalized using educational attainment, previous financial situation, and concern about the future financial situation. Sociodemographic, mental health, physical health, and health behavior variables were included as covariates. Chi-squared tests and binary logistic regression were used to examine associations between SEB and sleep quality. Lower educational attainment and greater financial hardship and concerns were associated with poor sleep quality. The relationship between educational attainment and sleep quality was explained by the financial variables, while the relationship between previous financial difficulties and sleep quality was explained by physical health and health behavior variables. Greater financial concerns about the future, poor mental health, and poor physical health were independent risk factors for poor sleep quality in older adults during the pandemic. Healthcare professionals and service providers should consider these issues when supporting older patients with sleep problems and in promoting health and wellness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam N. Collinge
- Information School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 4DP, UK
| | - Peter A. Bath
- Information School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 4DP, UK
- School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR), University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 4DA, UK
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SARS-CoV-2 versus Influenza A Virus: Characteristics and Co-Treatments. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11030580. [PMID: 36985154 PMCID: PMC10051779 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11030580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
For three years, the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by infection of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has completely changed our lifestyles and prepared us to live with this novel pneumonia for years to come. Given that pre-existing flu is caused by the influenza A virus, we have begun unprecedently co-coping with two different respiratory diseases at the same time. Hence, we draw a comparison between SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus based on the general characteristics, especially the main variants’ history and the distribution of the two viruses. SARS-CoV-2 appeared to mutate more frequently and independently of locations than the influenza A virus. Furthermore, we reviewed present clinical trials on combined management against COVID-19 and influenza in order to explore better solutions against both at the same time.
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Slighoua M, Mahdi I, Moussaid FZ, Kamaly OA, Amrati FEZ, Conte R, Drioiche A, Saleh A, Housseini AI, Bari A, Bousta D. LC-MS/MS and GC/MS Profiling of Petroselinum sativum Hoffm. and Its Topical Application on Burn Wound Healing and Related Analgesic Potential in Rats. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13020260. [PMID: 36837879 PMCID: PMC9963972 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13020260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Parsley (Petroselinum sativum Hoffm.) is renowned for its ethnomedicinal uses including managing pain, wound, and dermal diseases. We previously highlighted the estrogenic and anti-inflammatory properties of parsley and profiled the phytochemistry of its polyphenolic fraction using HPLC-DAD. To extend our investigation, we here characterized the phytochemical composition of the hydro-ethanolic extract using LC-MS/MS and GC-MS upon silylation, and evaluated the antioxidant, analgesic, antimicrobial, and wound healing activities of its hydro-ethanolic and polyphenolic fraction. The antioxidant property was assessed using FRAP, DPPH, and TAC assays. The antimicrobial activity was tested against four wound infectious microbes (Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans). The analgesic effect was studied using acetic acid (counting the number of writhes) and formalin (recording the licking and biting times) injections while the wound healing activity was evaluated using burn model in vivo. The LC-MS/MS showed that the hydro-ethanolic contains four polyphenols (oleuropein, arbutin, myricetin, and naringin) while GC-MS revealed that it contains 20 compounds including malic acid, D-glucose, and galactofuranoside. The hydro-ethanolic (1000 mg/kg) decreased abdominal writhes (38.96%) and licking time (37.34%). It also elicited a strong antioxidant activity using DPPH method (IC50 = 19.38 ± 0.15 µg/mL). Polyphenols exhibited a good antimicrobial effect (MIC = 3.125-12.5 mg/mL). Moreover, both extracts showed high wound contraction by 97.17% and 94.98%, respectively. This study provides evidence that P. sativum could serve as a source of bio-compounds exhibiting analgesic effect and their promising application in mitigating ROS-related disorders, impeding wound infections, and enhancing burn healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meryem Slighoua
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, Agro-Food, and Health (LBEAS), Faculty of Sciences, University Sidi-Mohamed-Ben-Abdellah (USMBA), Fez 30050, Morocco
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (O.A.K.)
| | - Ismail Mahdi
- AgroBioSciences Research Program, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660-Hay Moulay Rachid, 11, Ben-Guerir 43150, Morocco
| | - Fatima Zahrae Moussaid
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, Agro-Food, and Health (LBEAS), Faculty of Sciences, University Sidi-Mohamed-Ben-Abdellah (USMBA), Fez 30050, Morocco
| | - Omkulthom Al Kamaly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (O.A.K.)
| | - Fatima Ez-zahra Amrati
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, Agro-Food, and Health (LBEAS), Faculty of Sciences, University Sidi-Mohamed-Ben-Abdellah (USMBA), Fez 30050, Morocco
| | - Raffaele Conte
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET)—CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Aziz Drioiche
- Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay 19 Ismail University, Meknes 50000, Morocco
| | - Asmaa Saleh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelilah Iraqi Housseini
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, Agro-Food, and Health (LBEAS), Faculty of Sciences, University Sidi-Mohamed-Ben-Abdellah (USMBA), Fez 30050, Morocco
| | - Amina Bari
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, Agro-Food, and Health (LBEAS), Faculty of Sciences, University Sidi-Mohamed-Ben-Abdellah (USMBA), Fez 30050, Morocco
| | - Dalila Bousta
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, Agro-Food, and Health (LBEAS), Faculty of Sciences, University Sidi-Mohamed-Ben-Abdellah (USMBA), Fez 30050, Morocco
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COVID-19 Vaccination Intention in Patients with Autoimmune Diseases in Indonesia: An Application of the Integrated Behavioural Model. Trop Med Infect Dis 2023; 8:tropicalmed8020109. [PMID: 36828525 PMCID: PMC9967126 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed8020109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccine hesitancy can be a challenge for those with autoimmune diseases. This study investigated the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination by patients with autoimmune diseases in Indonesia using the integrated behavioral model (IBM). This cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2021 to February 2022. A total of 404 patients with autoimmune diseases completed the survey. The majority of respondents (57.9%) said they intended to get vaccinated against COVID-19. The IBM model with added demographic variables explained 54.1% of the variance of vaccination intention (R2 = 0.541). Self-efficacy, perceived norms, experiential attitude, and instrumental attitude are significantly correlated with vaccination intention in components of health behavior theories. Self-efficacy is the most critical factor influencing vaccination intention in patients with autoimmune diseases (F(2, 401) = 96.9, p < 0.001, R2 = 0.326). In the multivariate analysis, vaccine intention was found to be positively associated with patients' occupation as health-care workers (β = 0.105). Meanwhile, having a personal history of contracting COVID-19 and having co-morbidities other than autoimmune diseases were negatively correlated to the willingness to be vaccinated against COVID-19. This study confirms the viability of the IBM model for predicting the COVID-19 vaccination intention of patients with autoimmune diseases. It is essential to provide patients with autoimmune diseases with information that is clear and supported by evidence-based medicine.
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Gobena D, Kebede Gudina E, Yilma D, Girma T, Gebre G, Gelanew T, Abdissa A, Mulleta D, Sarbessa T, Asefa H, Woldie M, Shumi G, Kenate B, Kroidl A, Wieser A, Eshetu B, Degfie TT, Mekonnen Z. Escalating spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection after school reopening among students in hotspot districts of Oromia Region in Ethiopia: Longitudinal study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280801. [PMID: 36735689 PMCID: PMC9897530 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 pandemic caused by extended variants of SARS-CoV-2 has infected more than 350 million people, resulting in over 5.5 million deaths globally. However, the actual burden of the pandemic in Africa, particularly among children, remains largely unknown. We aimed to assess the seroepidemiological changes of SARS-CoV-2 infection after school reopening among school children in Oromia, Ethiopia. METHODS A prospective cohort study involving students aged 10 years and older were used. A serological survey was performed twice, at school reopening in December 2020 and four months later in April 2021. Participants were selected from 60 schools located in 15 COVID-19 hotspot districts in Oromia Region. Serology tests were performed by Elecsys anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid assay. Data were collected using CSentry CSProData Entry 7.2.1 and exported to STATA version 14.2 for data cleaning and analysis. RESULTS A total of 1884 students were recruited at baseline, and 1271 completed the follow-up. SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence almost doubled in four months from 25.7% at baseline to 46.3% in the second round, with a corresponding seroincidence of 1910 per 100,000 person-week. Seroincidence was found to be higher among secondary school students (grade 9-12) compared to primary school students (grade 4-8) (RR = 1.6, 95% CI 1.21-2.22) and among those with large family size (> = 5) than those with a family size of <3 (RR = 2.1, 95% CI 1.09-4.17). The increase in SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence among the students corresponded with Ethiopia's second wave of the COVID-19 outbreak. CONCLUSION SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence among students in hotspot districts of the Oromia Region was high even at baseline and almost doubled within four months of school recommencement. The high seroincidence coincided with the second wave of the COVID-19 outbreak in Ethiopia, indicating a possible contribution to school opening for the new outbreak wave.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dabesa Gobena
- Public Health Emergency Management and Health Research Directorate, Oromia Health Bureau, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- School of Medical Laboratory Science, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Daniel Yilma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Tsinuel Girma
- Fenot Project, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Getu Gebre
- Public Health Emergency Management and Health Research Directorate, Oromia Health Bureau, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | | | | | - Daba Mulleta
- Public Health Emergency Management and Health Research Directorate, Oromia Health Bureau, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Tarekegn Sarbessa
- Public Health Emergency Management and Health Research Directorate, Oromia Health Bureau, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Henok Asefa
- Department of Epidemiology, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Mirkuzie Woldie
- Fenot Project, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Gemechu Shumi
- Fenot Project, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Birhanu Kenate
- Fenot Project, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Arne Kroidl
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical Center of the University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Wieser
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical Center of the University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Beza Eshetu
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Tizta Tilahun Degfie
- Fenot Project, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Zeleke Mekonnen
- School of Medical Laboratory Science, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
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Han S, Yang Y, Wang T, Song R, Hu D, Peng M, Lin Z, Deng Q, Ren H, Ming J. Safety and immunogenicity of the third (booster) dose of inactivated and recombinant protein SARS-CoV-2 vaccine for patients with endocrine-related cancer. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1086872. [PMID: 36817926 PMCID: PMC9932592 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1086872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Our study aimed to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of the third (booster) dose of the COVID-19 vaccine for patients with endocrine-related cancers. Methods This observational study involved 94 breast cancer patients, 92 thyroid cancer patients, and 123 healthy individuals who had received the third (booster) dose of the COVID-19 vaccine. Data on the adverse effects, serum anti-receptor binding domain (RBD)-immunoglobulin (Ig) G, and neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) were collected prospectively. Results The serum anti-RBD-IgG and NAb titers were significantly lower for the patients with endocrine-related malignancies than for the healthy controls (3.01 [IQR: 1.11-6.70] vs. 4.19 [1.95-9.11], p = 0.001; 0.23 [0.11-0.52] vs. 0.41 [0.22-0.78], p = 0.001), and the seroconversion rates of anti-RBD-IgG and NAbs showed similar results. The serum antibody titers and seroconversion rates were significantly lower for patients aged ≥65 years with endocrine-related cancers, but there were no significant differences related to gender, vaccine type, or cancer type. Subgroup analysis showed that the antibody titers and seroconversion rates were significantly lower for patients with intermediate to advanced breast cancer, HR-/Her2+ breast cancer, and breast cancer undergoing treatment than for healthy controls. In contrast, breast cancer patients who completed their treatment and those who received endocrine therapy after completing their treatment were not significantly different from healthy controls. The NAbs titers and seroconversion rates were significantly lower for patients with primary thyroid cancer (0.19 [IQR: 0.10-0.46] vs. 0.41 [0.22-0.78], p = 0.003; 55.9 vs. 84.9%, p < 0.001); the seroconversion rates were significantly higher for the patients with combined Hashimoto's thyroiditis than for those without it. Multiple linear regression showed that patients aged ≥65 years who were receiving treatment were at risk of having lower antibody levels. Conclusion The third (booster) dose of the COVID-19 vaccine is safe and well-tolerated. Our data support a third (booster) dose of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine for breast and thyroid cancer patients. Breast cancer patients aged ≥65 years who are receiving treatment should be more protected, while thyroid cancer and breast cancer patients who have completed their treatment can be vaccinated like the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Han
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuping Yang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingrui Wang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rui Song
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Daixing Hu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingli Peng
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zijing Lin
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qin Deng
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong Ren
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,*Correspondence: Hong Ren ✉
| | - Jia Ming
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,Jia Ming ✉
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The COVID-19 Mortality Rate Is Associated with Illiteracy, Age, and Air Pollution in Urban Neighborhoods: A Spatiotemporal Cross-Sectional Analysis. Trop Med Infect Dis 2023; 8:tropicalmed8020085. [PMID: 36828501 PMCID: PMC9962969 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed8020085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
There are different area-based factors affecting the COVID-19 mortality rate in urban areas. This research aims to examine COVID-19 mortality rates and their geographical association with various socioeconomic and ecological determinants in 350 of Tehran's neighborhoods as a big city. All deaths related to COVID-19 are included from December 2019 to July 2021. Spatial techniques, such as Kulldorff's SatScan, geographically weighted regression (GWR), and multi-scale GWR (MGWR), were used to investigate the spatially varying correlations between COVID-19 mortality rates and predictors, including air pollutant factors, socioeconomic status, built environment factors, and public transportation infrastructure. The city's downtown and northern areas were found to be significantly clustered in terms of spatial and temporal high-risk areas for COVID-19 mortality. The MGWR regression model outperformed the OLS and GWR regression models with an adjusted R2 of 0.67. Furthermore, the mortality rate was found to be associated with air quality (e.g., NO2, PM10, and O3); as air pollution increased, so did mortality. Additionally, the aging and illiteracy rates of urban neighborhoods were positively associated with COVID-19 mortality rates. Our approach in this study could be implemented to study potential associations of area-based factors with other emerging infectious diseases worldwide.
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Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic remains a public health problem threatening national and global health security. The socio-economic impact of COVID-19 was more severe on developing countries including Lebanon, especially due to the fragile healthcare system, weak surveillance infrastructure and lack of comprehensive emergency preparedness and response plans. Lebanon has been struggling with plethora of challenges at the social, economic, financial, political and healthcare levels prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic in Lebanon revealed gaps and challenges across the spectrum of preparedness and response to emergencies. Despite these challenges, the Lebanese response was successful in delaying the steep surge of COVID-19 cases and hospitalisations through imposing strict public health and social measures. The deployment of the national vaccination plan in Lebanon in February 2021 coincided with the reduction in the number of cases and hospitalisation rates. The aim of this manuscript is to advance the epidemiologic evolution of COVID-19 in Lebanon pre- and post-vaccination, the challenges affecting the response and recovery, and the lessons learned.
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Shah A, Coiado OC. COVID-19 vaccine and booster hesitation around the world: A literature review. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 9:1054557. [PMID: 36714110 PMCID: PMC9878297 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1054557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of COVID-19 vaccines has helped limit the extent of the pandemic, which over the past 2 years has claimed the lived of millions of people. The Moderna and Pfizer COVID-19 vaccines were the first to be manufactured using mRNA technology. Since then, other manufacturers have built their own vaccines which utilize adenovirus vector, whole inactivated coronavirus, and protein subunit methods. Given the continued mutation of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, a booster of the COVID-19 vaccine offers additional protection for citizens, especially those with comorbid conditions. However, uptake of the vaccine and booster has faced hurdles. This literature review aims to analyze the acceptance of the COVID-19 booster among different populations throughout the world. Keywords searched include "COVID-19 vaccine rates OR COVID-19 booster rates," "COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy," "COVID-19 booster hesitancy," "reasons against COVID-19 vaccine," "reasons for COVID-19 vaccine," and "COVID-19 vaccine acceptance" (for each country). Research articles indexed in PubMed, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Library, and Google Scholar were included. Despite the proven effectiveness of the COVID-19 booster, vaccine hesitancy is still causing suboptimal compliance to the primary vaccine and booster, thus slowing down control of the pandemic. Reasons for vaccine hesitancy differ by country and acceptance is affected by misinformation, political circumstances, and cultural values. Among the most common reasons found are distrust in the government, a lack of safety information, and fear of side effects. Uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine has also been delayed in low and middle income countries due to resource allocation and as a result, these countries have fallen behind vaccination benchmarks. The future of COVID-19 vaccination is unknown, but vaccine mandates and additional booster doses are a possibility. Determining the ethical impact that these policies could have will allow for the best implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aashka Shah
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Olivia C. Coiado
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
- Department of Biomedical and Translational Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
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Zhou Y, Li G, Zhao T, Du J, Zhang W, Xie M, Chen L, Zeng J, Wang C, Liu B, Liu Y, Cui F, Lu Q. Parents' willingness to vaccinate themselves and their children with the booster vaccine against SARS-CoV-2: A cross-sectional study in Puyang city, China. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28256. [PMID: 36305477 PMCID: PMC9874889 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the hesitancy and willingness of parents to vaccinate themselves and their children with a booster dose against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and related factors. We conducted a cross-sectional study in Puyang city, China. The information was collected, including demographic characteristics, willingness to receive a booster dose of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine, and attitudes and concerns toward COVID-19 and vaccines. Vaccine hesitancy was assessed in individuals completing the first two doses and booster eligible, while vaccine willingness was assessed in those completing the first two doses and not yet booster eligible. Among the participants completing two primary doses while not meeting the booster criteria, 95.4% (1465/1536) and 95.0% (1385/1458) had a willingness to a booster dose of COVID-19 vaccine for themselves and their children, respectively. Among the participants who met the booster criteria, 40.3% had vaccine hesitancy. Vaccine hesitancy and unwillingness tended to occur in people who were younger, less educated, less healthy, and with unsureness of vaccines' efficacy and adverse events (AE). The younger age of children, children in poorer health, and concern about the efficacy and AE of vaccines contributed to the participants' unwillingness to vaccinate their children. We observed a high willingness to the booster dose of COVID-19 vaccine both for the parents and their children, regardless of the eligibility to a booster dose. However, 40% of people had delayed vaccination behaviors. The promotion of scientific knowledge of vaccines' effectiveness and safety is needed, especially for people in poor health and parents with young children. Timely disclosure of AE caused by COVID-19 vaccines and proper aiding offered to people encountering AE are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiguo Zhou
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology, Vaccine Research Center, School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingPeople's Republic of China,Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Guo‐Xing Li
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology, Vaccine Research Center, School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Tian‐Shuo Zhao
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology, Vaccine Research Center, School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology, Vaccine Research Center, School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Wan‐Xue Zhang
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology, Vaccine Research Center, School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Ming‐Zhu Xie
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology, Vaccine Research Center, School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Lin‐Yi Chen
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology, Vaccine Research Center, School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zeng
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology, Vaccine Research Center, School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingPeople's Republic of China,Global Center for Infectious Disease and Policy Research & Global Health and Infectious Diseases GroupPeking UniversityBeijingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology, Vaccine Research Center, School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Bei Liu
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology, Vaccine Research Center, School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Ya‐Qiong Liu
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology, Vaccine Research Center, School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingPeople's Republic of China,Global Center for Infectious Disease and Policy Research & Global Health and Infectious Diseases GroupPeking UniversityBeijingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Fuqiang Cui
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology, Vaccine Research Center, School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingPeople's Republic of China,Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingPeople's Republic of China,Global Center for Infectious Disease and Policy Research & Global Health and Infectious Diseases GroupPeking UniversityBeijingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Qing‐Bin Lu
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology, Vaccine Research Center, School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingPeople's Republic of China,Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingPeople's Republic of China,Global Center for Infectious Disease and Policy Research & Global Health and Infectious Diseases GroupPeking UniversityBeijingPeople's Republic of China
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Moen LV, Vollan HS, Bråte J, Hungnes O, Bragstad K. Molecular Epidemiology of the Norwegian SARS-CoV-2 Delta Lineage AY.63. Viruses 2022; 14:v14122734. [PMID: 36560738 PMCID: PMC9781678 DOI: 10.3390/v14122734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive genomic surveillance has given great insights into the evolution of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and emerging variants. During the summer months of 2021, Norway was dominated by the Pango lineage AY.63 which is a sub-lineage of the highly transmissible Delta variant. Strikingly, AY.63 did not spread in other countries to any significant extent. AY.63 carried a key mutation, A222V, in the spike protein, as well as the deletion of three residues in nsp1. Although these mutations are close to functionally important areas, we did not find any evidence that they induced higher fitness compared to other Delta lineages. This variant was introduced to Norway at a time when there were low levels of SARS-CoV-2 and contact-reducing measures were relaxed, which probably explains why the lineage rose so quickly. Furthermore, we found that the lack of imports of AY.63 from other countries probably led to the eventual demise of the lineage in Norway.
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Rafat N, Zhang H, Rudge J, Kim YN, Peddireddy SP, Das N, Sarkar A. Enhanced Enzymatically Amplified Metallization on Nanostructured Surfaces for Multiplexed Point-of-Care Electrical Detection of COVID-19 Biomarkers. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2203309. [PMID: 36036173 PMCID: PMC9538889 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202203309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Inexpensive yet sensitive and specific biomarker detection is a critical bottleneck in diagnostics, monitoring, and surveillance of infectious diseases such as COVID-19. Multiplexed detection of several biomarkers can achieve wider diagnostic applicability, accuracy, and ease-of-use, while reducing cost. Current biomarker detection methods often use enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) with optical detection which offers high sensitivity and specificity. However, this is complex, expensive, and limited to detecting only a single analyte at a time. Here, it is found that biomarker-bound enzyme-labeled probes act synergistically with nanostructured catalytic surfaces and can be used to selectively reduce a soluble silver substrate to generate highly dense and conductive, localized surface silver metallization on microelectrode arrays. This enables a sensitive and quantitative, simple, direct electronic readout of biomarker binding without the use of any intermediate optics. Furthermore, the localized and dry-phase stable nature of the metallization enables multiplexed electronic measurement of several biomarkers from a single drop (<10 µL) of sample on a microchip.This method is applied for the multiplexed point-of-care (POC) quantitative detection of multiple COVID-19 antigen-specific antibodies. Combining a simple microchip and an inexpensive, cellphone-interfaced, portable reader, the detection and discrimination of biomarkers of prior infection versus vaccination is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Rafat
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, 30332, USA
| | - Hanhao Zhang
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, 30332, USA
| | - Josiah Rudge
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, 30332, USA
| | - Yoo Na Kim
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, 30332, USA
| | - Sai Preetham Peddireddy
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, 30332, USA
| | - Nabojeet Das
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, 30332, USA
| | - Aniruddh Sarkar
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, 30332, USA
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Oza PP, Kashfi K. Utility of NO and H 2S donating platforms in managing COVID-19: Rationale and promise. Nitric Oxide 2022; 128:72-102. [PMID: 36029975 PMCID: PMC9398942 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2022.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Viral infections are a continuing global burden on the human population, underscored by the ramifications of the COVID-19 pandemic. Current treatment options and supportive therapies for many viral infections are relatively limited, indicating a need for alternative therapeutic approaches. Virus-induced damage occurs through direct infection of host cells and inflammation-related changes. Severe cases of certain viral infections, including COVID-19, can lead to a hyperinflammatory response termed cytokine storm, resulting in extensive endothelial damage, thrombosis, respiratory failure, and death. Therapies targeting these complications are crucial in addition to antiviral therapies. Nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide are two endogenous gasotransmitters that have emerged as key signaling molecules with a broad range of antiviral actions in addition to having anti-inflammatory properties and protective functions in the vasculature and respiratory system. The enhancement of endogenous nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide levels thus holds promise for managing both early-stage and later-stage viral infections, including SARS-CoV-2. Using SARS-CoV-2 as a model for similar viral infections, here we explore the current evidence regarding nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide's use to limit viral infection, resolve inflammation, and reduce vascular and pulmonary damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palak P Oza
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10031, USA
| | - Khosrow Kashfi
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10031, USA; Graduate Program in Biology, City University of New York Graduate Center, New York, 10091, USA.
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Song R, Liu L, Pan Q, Liu J, Tan J, Deng J, Deng Q, Lin Z, Chen M, Peng M, Ren H, Ming J. Short-term safety and immunogenicity of inactivated and peptide-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in patients with endocrine-related cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1028246. [DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1028246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe aim of this study was to explore the short-term safety and immunogenicity of inactivated and peptide-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in patients with endocrine-related cancer (ER).MethodsEighty-eight patients with ER cancer and 82 healthy controls who had completed a full course of inactivated or peptide-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines were recruited. Adverse events (AEs) were recorded. Responses to receptor-binding domain IgG antibody (anti-RBD-IgG), neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) and RBD+ memory B cells (MBCs) were evaluated.ResultsApproximately 26.14% (23/88) of patients with ER cancer reported AEs within 7 days, which was comparable to that reported by healthy controls (24.39%, 20/82). Both the overall seroprevalence of anti-RBD-IgG and NAbs was obviously lower in the cancer group (70.45% vs. 86.59%, P < 0.05; 69.32% vs. 82.93%, P < 0.05, respectively). Anti-RBD-IgG and NAbs titers exhibited similar results, and dropped gradually over time. Patients with ongoing treatment had an attenuated immune response, especially in patients receiving active chemotherapy. The frequency of overall RBD+ MBCs was similar between the two groups, but the percentage of active MBCs was remarkably reduced in patients with ER cancer. Unlike antibody titers, MBCs responses were relatively constant over time.ConclusionInactivated and peptide-based COVID-19 vaccines were well tolerated, but with lower immunogenicity for ER cancer patients. More intensive antibody monitoring and timely booster immunization is recommended for patients with ER cancer presenting disordered subpopulations of RBD+ MBCs.
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Aly A, Scott G, Calderon M, Haghighi AP. N6-Adenosine Methylation of SARS-CoV-2 5'-UTR Regulates Translation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2022:2022.10.17.512569. [PMID: 36299421 PMCID: PMC9603819 DOI: 10.1101/2022.10.17.512569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID19) continues to spread despite global vaccination efforts (1). This, alongside the rapid emergence of vaccine resistant variants, creates a need for orthogonal therapeutic strategies targeting more conserved facets of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) (2-4). One conserved feature of all coronaviruses is their ability to undergo discontinuous transcription wherein individual open reading frames fuse with the 5'-UTR leader sequence during negative-strand RNA synthesis (5). As such all viral protein coding genes use the same 5'-UTR for translation (6). Using in vitro reporter assays, we demonstrate that the SARS-CoV-2 5'-UTR efficiently initiates protein translation despite its predicted structural complexity. Through a combination of bioinformatic and biochemical assays, we demonstrate that a single METTL3-dependent m6A methylation event in SARS-CoV-2 5'-UTR regulates the rate of translation initiation. We show that m6A likely exerts this effect by destabilizing secondary structure in the 5'-UTR, thereby facilitating access to the ribosomal pre-initiation complex. This discovery opens new avenues for novel therapeutic strategies aimed at controlling the ability of SARS-CoV-2 to replicate in host cells.
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Wong CKH, Lui DTW, Xiong X, Chui CSL, Lai FTT, Li X, Wan EYF, Cheung CL, Lee CH, Woo YC, Au ICH, Chung MSH, Cheng FWT, Tan KCB, Wong ICK. Risk of thyroid dysfunction associated with mRNA and inactivated COVID-19 vaccines: a population-based study of 2.3 million vaccine recipients. BMC Med 2022; 20:339. [PMID: 36229814 PMCID: PMC9560718 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-022-02548-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In view of accumulating case reports of thyroid dysfunction following COVID-19 vaccination, we evaluated the risks of incident thyroid dysfunction following inactivated (CoronaVac) and mRNA (BNT162b2) COVID-19 vaccines using a population-based dataset. METHODS We identified people who received COVID-19 vaccination between 23 February and 30 September 2021 from a population-based electronic health database in Hong Kong, linked to vaccination records. Thyroid dysfunction encompassed anti-thyroid drug (ATD)/levothyroxine (LT4) initiation, biochemical picture of hyperthyroidism/hypothyroidism, incident Graves' disease (GD), and thyroiditis. A self-controlled case series design was used to estimate the incidence rate ratio (IRR) of thyroid dysfunction in a 56-day post-vaccination period compared to the baseline period (non-exposure period) using conditional Poisson regression. RESULTS A total of 2,288,239 people received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccination (57.8% BNT162b2 recipients and 42.2% CoronaVac recipients). 94.3% of BNT162b2 recipients and 92.2% of CoronaVac recipients received the second dose. Following the first dose of COVID-19 vaccination, there was no increase in the risks of ATD initiation (BNT162b2: IRR 0.864, 95% CI 0.670-1.114; CoronaVac: IRR 0.707, 95% CI 0.549-0.912), LT4 initiation (BNT162b2: IRR 0.911, 95% CI 0.716-1.159; CoronaVac: IRR 0.778, 95% CI 0.618-0.981), biochemical picture of hyperthyroidism (BNT162b2: IRR 0.872, 95% CI 0.744-1.023; CoronaVac: IRR 0.830, 95% CI 0.713-0.967) or hypothyroidism (BNT162b2: IRR 1.002, 95% CI 0.838-1.199; CoronaVac: IRR 0.963, 95% CI 0.807-1.149), GD, and thyroiditis. Similarly, following the second dose of COVID-19 vaccination, there was no increase in the risks of ATD initiation (BNT162b2: IRR 0.972, 95% CI 0.770-1.227; CoronaVac: IRR 0.879, 95%CI 0.693-1.116), LT4 initiation (BNT162b2: IRR 1.019, 95% CI 0.833-1.246; CoronaVac: IRR 0.768, 95% CI 0.613-0.962), hyperthyroidism (BNT162b2: IRR 1.039, 95% CI 0.899-1.201; CoronaVac: IRR 0.911, 95% CI 0.786-1.055), hypothyroidism (BNT162b2: IRR 0.935, 95% CI 0.794-1.102; CoronaVac: IRR 0.945, 95% CI 0.799-1.119), GD, and thyroiditis. Age- and sex-specific subgroup and sensitivity analyses showed consistent neutral associations between thyroid dysfunction and both types of COVID-19 vaccines. CONCLUSIONS Our population-based study showed no evidence of vaccine-related increase in incident hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism with both BNT162b2 and CoronaVac.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos King Ho Wong
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health (D24H), Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - David Tak Wai Lui
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xi Xiong
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Celine Sze Ling Chui
- Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health (D24H), Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong SAR, China.,School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Francisco Tsz Tsun Lai
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health (D24H), Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xue Li
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health (D24H), Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Eric Yuk Fai Wan
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health (D24H), Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ching Lung Cheung
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health (D24H), Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chi Ho Lee
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yu Cho Woo
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ivan Chi Ho Au
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Matthew Shing Hin Chung
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Franco Wing Tak Cheng
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kathryn Choon Beng Tan
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ian Chi Kei Wong
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. .,Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health (D24H), Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong SAR, China. .,Research Department of Practice and Policy, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, UK. .,Aston School of Pharmacy, Aston University, Birmingham, UK.
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Tang SGH, Hadi MHH, Arsad SR, Ker PJ, Ramanathan S, Afandi NAM, Afzal MM, Yaw MW, Krishnan PS, Chen CP, Tiong SK. Prerequisite for COVID-19 Prediction: A Review on Factors Affecting the Infection Rate. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12997. [PMID: 36293576 PMCID: PMC9602751 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192012997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Since the year 2020, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has emerged as the dominant topic of discussion in the public and research domains. Intensive research has been carried out on several aspects of COVID-19, including vaccines, its transmission mechanism, detection of COVID-19 infection, and its infection rate and factors. The awareness of the public related to the COVID-19 infection factors enables the public to adhere to the standard operating procedures, while a full elucidation on the correlation of different factors to the infection rate facilitates effective measures to minimize the risk of COVID-19 infection by policy makers and enforcers. Hence, this paper aims to provide a comprehensive and analytical review of different factors affecting the COVID-19 infection rate. Furthermore, this review analyses factors which directly and indirectly affect the COVID-19 infection risk, such as physical distance, ventilation, face masks, meteorological factor, socioeconomic factor, vaccination, host factor, SARS-CoV-2 variants, and the availability of COVID-19 testing. Critical analysis was performed for the different factors by providing quantitative and qualitative studies. Lastly, the challenges of correlating each infection risk factor to the predicted risk of COVID-19 infection are discussed, and recommendations for further research works and interventions are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirley Gee Hoon Tang
- Center for Toxicology and Health Risk Studies (CORE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Muhamad Haziq Hasnul Hadi
- Institute of Sustainable Energy, Department of Electrical & Electronics, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang 43000, Malaysia
| | - Siti Rosilah Arsad
- Institute of Sustainable Energy, Department of Electrical & Electronics, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang 43000, Malaysia
| | - Pin Jern Ker
- Institute of Sustainable Energy, Department of Electrical & Electronics, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang 43000, Malaysia
| | - Santhi Ramanathan
- Faculty of Business, Multimedia University, Jalan Ayer Keroh Lama, Malacca 75450, Malaysia
| | - Nayli Aliah Mohd Afandi
- Institute of Sustainable Energy, Department of Electrical & Electronics, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang 43000, Malaysia
| | - Madihah Mohd Afzal
- Center for Toxicology and Health Risk Studies (CORE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Mei Wyin Yaw
- Institute of Sustainable Energy, Department of Electrical & Electronics, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang 43000, Malaysia
| | - Prajindra Sankar Krishnan
- Institute of Sustainable Energy, Department of Electrical & Electronics, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang 43000, Malaysia
| | - Chai Phing Chen
- Institute of Sustainable Energy, Department of Electrical & Electronics, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang 43000, Malaysia
| | - Sieh Kiong Tiong
- Institute of Sustainable Energy, Department of Electrical & Electronics, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang 43000, Malaysia
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Rehman S, Rehman E, Jianglin Z. Uptake of COVID-19 booster shot among healthcare workers: A mediation analysis approach. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1033473. [PMID: 36276365 PMCID: PMC9581265 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1033473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the thrust of previous research investigations has been on people's willingness to get immunized against the COVID-19 infection, the underpinning principle of compliance has received very little attention. Addressing the possible drivers and mechanisms influencing vaccine acceptance may provide significant insights for limiting the pandemic. In response, we intend to investigate the influence of decision regret and the consequences of post-vaccination adverse effects on the inclination to undertake booster shots. An electronic survey that was self-administered was conducted in Rawalpindi, Pakistan. The questionnaire was completed by 1,369 participants, with a response rate of 41%. 1,343 of them (98.10%) had received both doses of the COVID-19 vaccination. Besides, the present research has also adopted a mediation model. Our findings demonstrate that unfavorable vaccination responses in healthcare workers significantly affect their likelihood of receiving booster shots. Interestingly, healthcare workers who had adverse experiences after being immunized were more prone to regret their prior immunization decisions, which in response affected their decision to get a booster shot. The motivation to receive the booster dosage and adverse post-vaccination responses were mediated by decision regret. The outcomes suggested indissociable connections between unfavorable vaccination responses, decision regret, and the likelihood of receiving a booster shot. To strengthen immunization acceptance intent and enhance the likelihood of receiving COVID-19 booster shots, it is recommended that awareness of these post-vaccination adverse events be extensively integrated into immunization awareness programs and policy measures supporting booster doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shazia Rehman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Pak-Austria Fachhochschule, Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Erum Rehman
- Department of Mathematics, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Zhang Jianglin
- Department of Dermatology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China,Candidate Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Skin Diseases, Shenzhen, China,*Correspondence: Zhang Jianglin
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Jamal Z, Haider M, Ikram A, Salman M, Rana MS, Rehman Z, Haider SA, Ammar M, Nisar N, Umair M. Breakthrough cases of Omicron and Delta variants of SARS-CoV-2 during the fifth wave in Pakistan. Front Public Health 2022; 10:987452. [PMID: 36249252 PMCID: PMC9557048 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.987452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 pandemic has severely affected Pakistan with 1,557,134 cases as of August 4, 2022. However, the data regarding breakthrough infections in Pakistan is scant. Hence, the objective was to analyze SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections with respect to vaccines and variants during the fifth wave in Pakistan. Therefore, the Department of Virology (NIH, Pakistan) genotyped 2,467 randomly selected individuals between November 2021 and February 2022 using the SNPsig® SARS-CoV-2 (EscapePLEX) kit (PrimerDesign, UK). P681R and K417N mutations were used to distinguish delta and omicron. Data on the patient's age, gender, date of collection, variant, and vaccination status were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software. Among 2,467 genotyped samples, Omicron was detected in 58.6% (n = 1445), Delta in 40.4% (n = 998) and undetermined/wildtype variant in 24 samples. The vaccination status of omicron-positive patients showed (49.7%; n = 718/1445) and Delta-positive patients (39.67%; n = 396/998) to be fully vaccinated. Of note, a high percentage 85% of breakthrough cases (n = 947) were identified among fully vaccinated individuals (n = 1114). Among them, 85.9% (n = 617/718) belonged to omicron and 83.3% (n = 330/396) to delta. Moreover, 76.7% (n = 855) of vaccinated individuals (n = 1114) received Sinopharm (n = 432) and Sinovac (n = 423) vaccines. The majority of breakthrough subjects who contracted Omicron were vaccinated with Sinopharm (93.0%, n = 256) and delta with Cansino (100%, n = 44). Individuals vaccinated with Sinovac showed the most frequent breakthrough cases for both Omicron and Delta variant between the 4th and 6th months (n = 278) after primary vaccination as compared to the 7th to 9th months (n = 24) category. While in case of Sinopharm, maximum breakthrough cases occurred between 7th to 9th months (n = 234) as compared to the 4th to 6th months (n = 120) after primary vaccination. Omicron and Delta breakthrough cases in men (n = 364 and 193) are more frequently seen than women (n = 253 and 138) respectively and breakthrough majority cases (n = 392) occurred in individuals aged 18-33 years. Breakthrough cases limiting monitoring in Pakistan impose a substantial constraint on policymakers' ability to take timely effective decisions. Since the current study consists of only a 2,467-genotyped sample, comprehensive data should be analyzed.
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Galanis P, Vraka I, Katsiroumpa A, Siskou O, Konstantakopoulou O, Katsoulas T, Mariolis-Sapsakos T, Kaitelidou D. COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake among Healthcare Workers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:1637. [PMID: 36298502 PMCID: PMC9610263 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10101637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The vaccine-induced immunity of healthcare workers (HCWs) is crucial to controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the COVID-19 vaccine uptake among HCWs worldwide and to identify predictors of vaccination. We searched Scopus, Web of Science, Medline, PubMed, ProQuest, CINAHL, and medRxiv up to 25 August 2022. We applied the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. We found 25 studies including 491,624 vaccinated HCWs, while the full sample included 555,561 HCWs. The overall proportion of vaccinated HCWs was 77.3%. Vaccine uptake for studies that were conducted in North America (85.6%) was higher than the proportion for studies that were conducted in Asia (79.5%), Europe (72.8%), and Africa (65.6%). The overall prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine uptake was 83.6% and 77.4% for physicians and nurses, respectively. Older age, white race, physicians' profession, seasonal influenza vaccine, direct COVID-19 patient care, and confidence in COVID-19 vaccine safety and effectiveness were positive predictors of vaccine uptake, while history of SARS-CoV-2 infection was a negative predictor. Deep understanding of the factors that influence HCWs' decisions to receive a COVID-19 vaccine is critical to implementing tailored communication strategies for HCWs who are at risk for not getting vaccinated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petros Galanis
- Clinical Epidemiology Laboratory, Faculty of Nursing, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Irene Vraka
- Department of Radiology, P. & A. Kyriakou Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Aglaia Katsiroumpa
- Clinical Epidemiology Laboratory, Faculty of Nursing, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Olga Siskou
- Department of Tourism Studies, University of Piraeus, 18534 Piraeus, Greece
| | - Olympia Konstantakopoulou
- Center for Health Services Management and Evaluation, Faculty of Nursing, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Theodoros Katsoulas
- Faculty of Nursing, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Daphne Kaitelidou
- Center for Health Services Management and Evaluation, Faculty of Nursing, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
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Williams E, Colson J, Valiathan R, Carreño JM, Krammer F, Hoffer M, Pallikkuth S, Pahwa S, Andrews D. Permissive omicron breakthrough infections in individuals with binding or neutralizing antibodies to ancestral SARS-CoV-2. Vaccine 2022; 40:5868-5872. [PMID: 36088193 PMCID: PMC9424516 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.08.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breakthrough infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) has occurred in populations with high vaccination rates. METHODS In a longitudinal cohort study, pre-breakthrough infection sera for Omicron breakthroughs (n = 12) were analyzed. Assays utilized include a laboratory-developed solid phase binding assay to recombinant spike protein, a commercial assay to the S1 domain of the spike protein calibrated to the World Health Organization (WHO) standard, and a commercial solid-phase surrogate neutralizing activity (SNA) assay. All assays employed spike protein preparations based on sequences from the Wuhan-Hu-1 strain. RESULTS Pre-breakthrough binding antibody titers ranged from 1:800 to 1:51,200 for the laboratory-developed binding assay, which correlated well and agreed quantitatively with the commercial spike S1 domain WHO calibrated assay. SNA was detected in 10/12 (83%) samples. CONCLUSIONS Neither high binding titers nor SNA were markers of protection from Omicron infection/re-infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Williams
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Jordan Colson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Ranjini Valiathan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Juan Manuel Carreño
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness (C-VARPP), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Florian Krammer
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness (C-VARPP), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael Hoffer
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Suresh Pallikkuth
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Savita Pahwa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
| | - David Andrews
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
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How Will the COVID-19 Pandemic End? JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2022. [DOI: 10.52547/jommid.10.3.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
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Dias VMDCH, Oliveira AF, Marinho AKBB, Santos Ferreira CED, Domingues CEF, Fortaleza CMCB, Vidal CFDL, Carrilho CMDDM, Pinheiro DOBP, de Assis DB, Medeiros EA, Morejón KML, Weissmann L, Michelin L, Carneiro M, Nogueira MDSDP, de Oliveira PRD, Buralli RJ, Stucchi RSB, Lins RS, Costa SF, Chebabo A. COVID-19 and isolation: Risks and implications in the scenario of new variants. Braz J Infect Dis 2022; 26:102703. [PMID: 36100081 PMCID: PMC9444891 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjid.2022.102703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
With the emergence of new variants of SARS-CoV-2, questions about transmissibility, vaccine efficacy, and impact on mortality are important to support decision-making in public health measures. Modifications related to transmissibility combined with the fact that much of the population has already been partially exposed to infection and/or vaccination, have stimulated recommendations to reduce the isolation period for COVID-19. However, these new guidelines have raised questions about their effectiveness in reducing contamination and minimizing impact in work environments. Therefore, a collaborative task force was developed to review the subject in a non-systematic manner, answering questions about SARS-CoV-2 variants, COVID-19 vaccines, isolation/quarantine periods, testing to end the isolation period, and the use of masks as mitigation procedures. Overall, COVID-19 vaccines are effective in preventing severe illness and death but are less effective in preventing infection in the case of the Omicron variant. Any strategy that is adopted to reduce the isolation period should take into consideration the epidemiological situation of the geographical region, individual clinical characteristics, and mask for source control. The use of tests for isolation withdrawal should be evaluated with caution, due to results depending on various conditions and may not be reliable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviane Maria de Carvalho Hessel Dias
- Associação Brasileira dos Profissionais em Controle de Infecções e Epidemiologia Hospitalar, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Sociedade Brasileira de Infectologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Hospital Nossa Senhora das Graças, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Hospital Marcelino Champagnat, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | | | - Ana Karolina Barreto Berselli Marinho
- Associação Brasileira de Alergia e Imunologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Serviço de Imunologia Clínica e Alergia, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Dos Santos Ferreira
- Sociedade Brasileira de Patologia Clínica/Medicina Laboratorial, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Laboratório Clínico ‒ Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Laboratório Central ‒ Hospital São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Claudia Fernanda de Lacerda Vidal
- Associação Brasileira dos Profissionais em Controle de Infecções e Epidemiologia Hospitalar, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (HCUFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | - Debora Otero Britto Passos Pinheiro
- Associação Brasileira dos Profissionais em Controle de Infecções e Epidemiologia Hospitalar, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Hospital Universitário Pedro Ernesto, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Hospital Universitário Gaffrée e Guinle, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Denise Brandão de Assis
- Divisão de Infecção Hospitalar/Centro de Vigilância Epidemiológica Prof. Alexandre Vranjac/Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Alexandrino Medeiros
- Sociedade Brasileira de Infectologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Disciplina de Infectologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Karen Mirna Loro Morejón
- Sociedade Brasileira de Infectologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Weissmann
- Sociedade Brasileira de Infectologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Instituto de Infectologia Emilio Ribas, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Ribeirão Preto (UNAERP), Guarujá, SP, Brazil
| | - Lessandra Michelin
- Sociedade Brasileira de Infectologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS), Rio Grande do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Carneiro
- Associação Brasileira dos Profissionais em Controle de Infecções e Epidemiologia Hospitalar, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação Promoção da Saúde, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Hospital Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Priscila Rosalba Domingos de Oliveira
- Sociedade Brasileira de Infectologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Instituto de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael Junqueira Buralli
- Coordenação Geral de Saúde do Trabalhador, Departamento de Saúde Ambiental, do Trabalhador e Vigilância das Emergências em Saúde Pública, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Raquel Silveira Bello Stucchi
- Sociedade Brasileira de Infectologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Departamento de Clínica Médica, Área de Infectologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Schrage Lins
- Sociedade Brasileira de Infectologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Hospital Naval Marcílio Dias, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Silvia Figueiredo Costa
- Sociedade Brasileira de Infectologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Alberto Chebabo
- Sociedade Brasileira de Infectologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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