1
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Wang X, Marmouzi I, Finnie PSB, Bucher ML, Yan Y, Williams EQ, Støve SI, Lipina TV, Ramsey AJ, Miller GW, Salahpour A. Tricyclic and tetracyclic antidepressants upregulate VMAT2 activity and rescue disease-causing VMAT2 variants. Neuropsychopharmacology 2024:10.1038/s41386-024-01914-2. [PMID: 39060436 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-024-01914-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) is an essential transporter that regulates brain monoamine transmission and is important for mood, cognition, motor activity, and stress regulation. However, VMAT2 remains underexplored as a pharmacological target. In this study, we report that tricyclic and tetracyclic antidepressants acutely inhibit, but persistently upregulate VMAT2 activity by promoting VMAT2 protein maturation. Importantly, the VMAT2 upregulation effect was greater in BE(2)-M17 cells that endogenously express VMAT2 as compared to a heterologous expression system (HEK293). The net sustained effect of tricyclics and tetracyclics is an upregulation of VMAT2 activity, despite their acute inhibitory effect. Furthermore, imipramine and mianserin, two representative compounds, also demonstrated rescue of nine VMAT2 variants that cause Brain Monoamine Vesicular Transport Disease (BMVTD). VMAT2 upregulation could be beneficial for disorders associated with reduced monoamine transmission, including mood disorders and BMVTD, a rare but often fatal condition caused by a lack of functional VMAT2. Our findings provide the first evidence that small molecules can upregulate VMAT2 and have potential therapeutic benefit for various neuropsychiatric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xunan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Ilias Marmouzi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Peter S B Finnie
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Meghan L Bucher
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Yuanye Yan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Erin Q Williams
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Svein I Støve
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, 5009, Bergen, Norway
- Neuro-SysMed, Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021, Bergen, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Translational Research in Parkinson's Disease, University of Bergen, 5020, Bergen, Norway
| | - Tatiana V Lipina
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Amy J Ramsey
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Gary W Miller
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10031, USA
| | - Ali Salahpour
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
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2
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Huang J, Li B, Wei H, Li C, Liu C, Mi H, Chen S. Integrative analysis of gene expression profiles of substantia nigra identifies potential diagnosis biomarkers in Parkinson's disease. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2167. [PMID: 38272954 PMCID: PMC10810830 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52276-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease whose etiology is attributed to development of Lewy bodies and degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). Currently, there are no definitive diagnostic indicators for PD. In this study, we aimed to identify potential diagnostic biomarkers for PD and analyzed the impact of immune cell infiltrations on disease pathogenesis. The PD expression profile data for human SN tissue, GSE7621, GSE20141, GSE20159, GSE20163 and GSE20164 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database for use in the training model. After normalization and merging, we identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using the Robust rank aggregation (RRA) analysis. Simultaneously, DEGs after batch correction were identified. Gene interactions were determined through venn Diagram analysis. Functional analyses and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were used to the identify hub genes, which were visualized through Cytoscape. A Lasso Cox regression model was employed to identify the potential diagnostic genes. The GSE20292 dataset was used for validation. The proportion of infiltrating immune cells in the samples were determined via the CIBERSORT method. Sixty-two DEGs were screened in this study. They were found to be enriched in nerve conduction, dopamine (DA) metabolism, and DA biosynthesis Gene Ontology (GO) terms. The PPI network and Lasso Cox regression analysis revealed seven potential diagnostic genes, namely SLC18A2, TAC1, PCDH8, KIAA0319, PDE6H, AXIN1, and AGTR1, were subsequently validated in peripheral blood samples obtained from healthy control (HC) and PD patients, as well as in the GSE20292 dataset. The results revealed the exceptional sensitivity and specificity of these genes in PD diagnosis and monitoring. Moreover, PD patients exhibited a higher number of plasma cells, compared to HC individuals. The SLC18A2, TAC1, PCDH8, KIAA0319, PDE6H, AXIN1, and AGTR1 are potential diagnostic biomarkers for PD. Our findings also reveal the essential roles of immune cell infiltration in both disease onset and trajectory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junming Huang
- Department of Urology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530000, Guangxi, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530000, Guangxi, China
| | - Bowen Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530000, Guangxi, China
| | - Huangwei Wei
- Department of Neurology, The People Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Chengxin Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530000, Guangxi, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Hua Mi
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530000, Guangxi, China.
| | - Shaohua Chen
- Department of Urology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530000, Guangxi, China.
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3
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Wang X, Marmouzi I, Finnie PS, Støve SI, Bucher ML, Lipina TV, Ramsey AJ, Miller GW, Salahpour A. Tricyclic and tetracyclic antidepressants upregulate VMAT2 activity and rescue disease-causing VMAT2 variants. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.09.561601. [PMID: 37873339 PMCID: PMC10592782 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.09.561601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) is an essential transporter that regulates brain monoamine transmission and is important for mood, cognition, motor activity, and stress regulation. However, VMAT2 remains underexplored as a pharmacological target. In this study, we report that tricyclic and tetracyclic antidepressants acutely inhibit, but persistently upregulate VMAT2 activity by promoting VMAT2 protein maturation. Importantly, the VMAT2 upregulation effect was greater in BE(2)-M17 cells that endogenously express VMAT2 as compared to a heterologous expression system (HEK293). The net sustained effect of tricyclics and tetracyclics is an upregulation of VMAT2 activity, despite their acute inhibitory effect. Furthermore, imipramine and mianserin, two representative compounds, also demonstrated rescue of nine VMAT2 variants that cause Brain Vesicular Monoamine Transport Disease (BVMTD). VMAT2 upregulation could be beneficial for disorders associated with reduced monoamine transmission, including mood disorders and BVMTD, a rare but often fatal condition caused by a lack of functional VMAT2. Our findings provide the first evidence that small molecules can upregulate VMAT2 and have potential therapeutic benefit for various neuropsychiatric conditions.
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4
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Delignat-Lavaud B, Kano J, Ducrot C, Massé I, Mukherjee S, Giguère N, Moquin L, Lévesque C, Burke S, Denis R, Bourque MJ, Tchung A, Rosa-Neto P, Lévesque D, De Beaumont L, Trudeau LÉ. Synaptotagmin-1-dependent phasic axonal dopamine release is dispensable for basic motor behaviors in mice. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4120. [PMID: 37433762 PMCID: PMC10336101 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39805-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In Parkinson's disease (PD), motor dysfunctions only become apparent after extensive loss of DA innervation. This resilience has been hypothesized to be due to the ability of many motor behaviors to be sustained through a diffuse basal tone of DA; but experimental evidence for this is limited. Here we show that conditional deletion of the calcium sensor synaptotagmin-1 (Syt1) in DA neurons (Syt1 cKODA mice) abrogates most activity-dependent axonal DA release in the striatum and mesencephalon, leaving somatodendritic (STD) DA release intact. Strikingly, Syt1 cKODA mice showed intact performance in multiple unconditioned DA-dependent motor tasks and even in a task evaluating conditioned motivation for food. Considering that basal extracellular DA levels in the striatum were unchanged, our findings suggest that activity-dependent DA release is dispensable for such tasks and that they can be sustained by a basal tone of extracellular DA. Taken together, our findings reveal the striking resilience of DA-dependent motor functions in the context of a near-abolition of phasic DA release, shedding new light on why extensive loss of DA innervation is required to reveal motor dysfunctions in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Delignat-Lavaud
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- SNC and CIRCA Research Groups, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jana Kano
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- SNC and CIRCA Research Groups, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Charles Ducrot
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- SNC and CIRCA Research Groups, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Ian Massé
- Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur-de-Montréal, CIUSSS NIM, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sriparna Mukherjee
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- SNC and CIRCA Research Groups, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
| | - Nicolas Giguère
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- SNC and CIRCA Research Groups, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Luc Moquin
- Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux (CIUSSS) de l'Ouest-de-l'Île-de-Montréal; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Psychiatry and Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Samuel Burke
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- SNC and CIRCA Research Groups, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Raphaëlle Denis
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- SNC and CIRCA Research Groups, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-Josée Bourque
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- SNC and CIRCA Research Groups, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
| | - Alex Tchung
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- SNC and CIRCA Research Groups, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Pedro Rosa-Neto
- Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux (CIUSSS) de l'Ouest-de-l'Île-de-Montréal; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Psychiatry and Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Daniel Lévesque
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Louis De Beaumont
- Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur-de-Montréal, CIUSSS NIM, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Louis-Éric Trudeau
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- SNC and CIRCA Research Groups, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA.
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Sánchez-Sáez X, Ortuño-Lizarán I, Sánchez-Castillo C, Lax P, Cuenca N. Starburst amacrine cells, involved in visual motion perception, loose their synaptic input from dopaminergic amacrine cells and degenerate in Parkinson's disease patients. Transl Neurodegener 2023; 12:17. [PMID: 37013599 PMCID: PMC10071607 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-023-00348-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The main clinical symptoms characteristic of Parkinson's disease (PD) are bradykinesia, tremor, and other motor deficits. However, non-motor symptoms, such as visual disturbances, can be identified at early stages of the disease. One of these symptoms is the impairment of visual motion perception. Hence, we sought to determine if the starburst amacrine cells, which are the main cellular type involved in motion direction selectivity, are degenerated in PD and if the dopaminergic system is related to this degeneration. METHODS Human eyes from control (n = 10) and PD (n = 9) donors were available for this study. Using immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy, we quantified starburst amacrine cell density (choline acetyltransferase [ChAT]-positive cells) and the relationship between these cells and dopaminergic amacrine cells (tyrosine hydroxylase-positive cells and vesicular monoamine transporter-2-positive presynapses) in cross-sections and wholemount retinas. RESULTS First, we found two different ChAT amacrine populations in the human retina that presented different ChAT immunoreactivity intensity and different expression of calcium-binding proteins. Both populations are affected in PD and their density is reduced compared to controls. Also, we report, for the first time, synaptic contacts between dopaminergic amacrine cells and ChAT-positive cells in the human retina. We found that, in PD retinas, there is a reduction of the dopaminergic synaptic contacts into ChAT cells. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, this work indicates degeneration of starburst amacrine cells in PD related to dopaminergic degeneration and that dopaminergic amacrine cells could modulate the function of starburst amacrine cells. Since motion perception circuitries are affected in PD, their assessment using visual tests could provide new insights into the diagnosis of PD.
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Grants
- FEDER-PID 2019-106230RB-I00 Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación
- FEDER-PID 2019-106230RB-I00 Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación
- FPU16/04114 Ministerio de Universidades
- RETICS-FEDER RD16/0008/0016 Instituto de Salud Carlos III
- IDIFEDER/2017/064 Conselleria de Innovación, Universidades, Ciencia y Sociedad Digital, Generalitat Valenciana
- PROMETEO/2021/024 Conselleria de Innovación, Universidades, Ciencia y Sociedad Digital, Generalitat Valenciana
- PROMETEO/2021/024 Conselleria de Innovación, Universidades, Ciencia y Sociedad Digital, Generalitat Valenciana
- APOSTD/2020/245 Conselleria de Innovación, Universidades, Ciencia y Sociedad Digital, Generalitat Valenciana
- 2019/00286/001 Es Retina Asturias
- 2019/00286/001 Es Retina Asturias
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Sánchez-Sáez
- Department of Physiology, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Alicante, San Vicente del Raspeig, Spain
| | - Isabel Ortuño-Lizarán
- Department of Physiology, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Alicante, San Vicente del Raspeig, Spain
| | - Carla Sánchez-Castillo
- Department of Physiology, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Alicante, San Vicente del Raspeig, Spain
| | - Pedro Lax
- Department of Physiology, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Alicante, San Vicente del Raspeig, Spain
- Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain
| | - Nicolás Cuenca
- Department of Physiology, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Alicante, San Vicente del Raspeig, Spain.
- Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain.
- Ramón Margalef Institute, University of Alicante, San Vicente del Raspeig, Spain.
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6
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Liu C, Fang Y, Tang J, Chen Z. Derivatization of dihydrotetrabenazine for technetium-99m labelling towards a radiotracer targeting vesicular monoamine transporter 2. ARAB J CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.104572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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7
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Tian J, Stucky CS, Wang T, Muma NA, Johnson M, Du H. Mitochondrial Dysfunction Links to Impaired Hippocampal Serotonin Release in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 93:605-619. [PMID: 37066917 PMCID: PMC10416312 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deprivation of extracellular serotonin has been linked to cognitive decline and neuropsychiatric disturbances in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, despite degeneration of serotonin-producing neurons, whether serotonin release is affected in AD-sensitive brain regions is unknown. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the impact of mitochondrial dysfunction in decreased hippocampal serotonin release in AD amyloidosis mouse model 5xFAD mice. METHODS Electrochemical assays were applied to examine hippocampal serotonin release. We also employed multidisciplinary techniques to determine the role of oligomeric amyloid-β (Aβ) in hippocampal mitochondrial deficits and serotonin release deficiency. RESULTS 5xFAD mice exhibited serotonin release decrease and relatively moderate downregulation of serotonergic fiber density as well as serotonin content in the hippocampal region. Further experiments showed an inhibitory effect of oligomeric amyloid-β (Aβ) on hippocampal serotonin release without affecting the density of serotonergic fibers. Pharmaceutical uncoupling of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) disrupted hippocampal serotonin release in an ex vivo setting. This echoes the mitochondrial defects in serotonergic fibers in 5xFAD mice and oligomeric Aβ-challenged primary serotonergic neuron cultures and implicates a link between mitochondrial dysfunction and serotonin transmission defects in AD-relevant pathological settings. CONCLUSION The most parsimonious interpretation of our findings is that mitochondrial dysfunction is a phenotypic change of serotonergic neurons, which potentially plays a role in the development of serotonergic failure in AD-related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Tian
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | | | - Tienju Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Nancy A. Muma
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Michael Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Heng Du
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
- Higuchi Biosciences Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
- Alzheimer’s Disease Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Lawrence, KS, USA
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8
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Delignat-Lavaud B, Ducrot C, Kouwenhoven W, Feller N, Trudeau LÉ. Implication of synaptotagmins 4 and 7 in activity-dependent somatodendritic dopamine release in the ventral midbrain. Open Biol 2022; 12:210339. [PMID: 35232250 PMCID: PMC8889187 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.210339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) neurons can release DA not just from axon terminals, but also from their somatodendritic (STD) compartment through a mechanism that is still incompletely understood. Using voltammetry in mouse mesencephalic brain slices, we find that STD DA release has low capacity and shows a calcium sensitivity that is comparable to that of axonal release. We find that the molecular mechanism of STD DA release differs from axonal release with regard to the implication of synaptotagmin (Syt) calcium sensors. While individual constitutive knockout of Syt4 or Syt7 is not sufficient to reduce STD DA release, the removal of both isoforms reduces this release by approximately 50%, leaving axonal release unimpaired. Our work unveils clear differences in the mechanisms of STD and axonal DA release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Delignat-Lavaud
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada H3T 1J4
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada H3T 1J4
- Neural Signaling and Circuitry Research Group (SNC), Montréal, QC, Canada H3C 3J7
| | - Charles Ducrot
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada H3T 1J4
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada H3T 1J4
- Neural Signaling and Circuitry Research Group (SNC), Montréal, QC, Canada H3C 3J7
| | - Willemieke Kouwenhoven
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada H3T 1J4
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada H3T 1J4
- Neural Signaling and Circuitry Research Group (SNC), Montréal, QC, Canada H3C 3J7
| | - Nina Feller
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada H3T 1J4
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada H3T 1J4
- Neural Signaling and Circuitry Research Group (SNC), Montréal, QC, Canada H3C 3J7
| | - Louis-Éric Trudeau
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada H3T 1J4
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada H3T 1J4
- Neural Signaling and Circuitry Research Group (SNC), Montréal, QC, Canada H3C 3J7
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9
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Novak G, Kyriakis D, Grzyb K, Bernini M, Rodius S, Dittmar G, Finkbeiner S, Skupin A. Single-cell transcriptomics of human iPSC differentiation dynamics reveal a core molecular network of Parkinson's disease. Commun Biol 2022; 5:49. [PMID: 35027645 PMCID: PMC8758783 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02973-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second-most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons (mDA) in the midbrain. The underlying mechanisms are only partly understood and there is no treatment to reverse PD progression. Here, we investigated the disease mechanism using mDA neurons differentiated from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) carrying the ILE368ASN mutation within the PINK1 gene, which is strongly associated with PD. Single-cell RNA sequencing (RNAseq) and gene expression analysis of a PINK1-ILE368ASN and a control cell line identified genes differentially expressed during mDA neuron differentiation. Network analysis revealed that these genes form a core network, members of which interact with all known 19 protein-coding Parkinson's disease-associated genes. This core network encompasses key PD-associated pathways, including ubiquitination, mitochondrial function, protein processing, RNA metabolism, and vesicular transport. Proteomics analysis showed a consistent alteration in proteins of dopamine metabolism, indicating a defect of dopaminergic metabolism in PINK1-ILE368ASN neurons. Our findings suggest the existence of a network onto which pathways associated with PD pathology converge, and offers an inclusive interpretation of the phenotypic heterogeneity of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Novak
- The Integrative Cell Signalling Group, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
- Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
- Center for Systems and Therapeutics, the Gladstone Institutes and Departments of Neurology and Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
| | - Dimitrios Kyriakis
- The Integrative Cell Signalling Group, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Kamil Grzyb
- The Integrative Cell Signalling Group, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Michela Bernini
- The Integrative Cell Signalling Group, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Sophie Rodius
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Gunnar Dittmar
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Steven Finkbeiner
- Center for Systems and Therapeutics, the Gladstone Institutes and Departments of Neurology and Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Alexander Skupin
- The Integrative Cell Signalling Group, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
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10
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Sørensen G, Rickhag M, Leo D, Lycas MD, Ridderstrøm PH, Weikop P, Lilja JH, Rifes P, Herborg F, Woldbye D, Wörtwein G, Gainetdinov RR, Fink-Jensen A, Gether U. Disruption of the PDZ domain-binding motif of the dopamine transporter uniquely alters nanoscale distribution, dopamine homeostasis, and reward motivation. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101361. [PMID: 34756883 PMCID: PMC8648841 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The dopamine (DA) transporter (DAT) is part of a presynaptic multiprotein network involving interactions with scaffold proteins via its C-terminal PDZ domain-binding sequence. Using a mouse model expressing DAT with mutated PDZ-binding sequence (DAT-AAA), we previously demonstrated the importance of this binding sequence for striatal expression of DAT. Here, we show by application of direct stochastic reconstruction microscopy not only that the striatal level of transporter is reduced in DAT-AAA mice but also that the nanoscale distribution of this transporter is altered with a higher propensity of DAT-AAA to localize to irregular nanodomains in dopaminergic terminals. In parallel, we observe mesostriatal DA adaptations and changes in DA-related behaviors distinct from those seen in other genetic DAT mouse models. DA levels in the striatum are reduced to ∼45% of that of WT, accompanied by elevated DA turnover. Nonetheless, fast-scan cyclic voltammetry recordings on striatal slices reveal a larger amplitude and prolonged clearance rate of evoked DA release in DAT-AAA mice compared with WT mice. Autoradiography and radioligand binding show reduced DA D2 receptor levels, whereas immunohistochemistry and autoradiography show unchanged DA D1 receptor levels. In behavioral experiments, we observe enhanced self-administration of liquid food under both a fixed ratio of one and progressive ratio schedule of reinforcement but a reduction compared with WT when using cocaine as reinforcer. In summary, our data demonstrate how disruption of PDZ domain interactions causes changes in DAT expression and its nanoscopic distribution that in turn alter DA clearance dynamics and related behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunnar Sørensen
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Center & University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mattias Rickhag
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Damiana Leo
- Neuroscience and Brain Technologies Department, Italian Institute of Technology, Genoa, Italy
| | - Matthew D Lycas
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pernille Herrstedt Ridderstrøm
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Center & University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pia Weikop
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Center & University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jamila H Lilja
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pedro Rifes
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Freja Herborg
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - David Woldbye
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gitta Wörtwein
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Center & University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Raul R Gainetdinov
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine and Saint-Petersburg University Hospital, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anders Fink-Jensen
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Center & University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ulrik Gether
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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11
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Vecchio LM, Sullivan P, Dunn AR, Bermejo MK, Fu R, Masoud ST, Gregersen E, Urs NM, Nazari R, Jensen PH, Ramsey A, Goldstein DS, Miller GW, Salahpour A. Enhanced tyrosine hydroxylase activity induces oxidative stress, causes accumulation of autotoxic catecholamine metabolites, and augments amphetamine effects in vivo. J Neurochem 2021; 158:960-979. [PMID: 33991113 PMCID: PMC8376767 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In Parkinson's disease, dopamine‐containing nigrostriatal neurons undergo profound degeneration. Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) is the rate‐limiting enzyme in dopamine biosynthesis. TH increases in vitro formation of reactive oxygen species, and previous animal studies have reported links between cytosolic dopamine build‐up and oxidative stress. To examine effects of increased TH activity in catecholaminergic neurons in vivo, we generated TH‐over‐expressing mice (TH‐HI) using a BAC‐transgenic approach that results in over‐expression of TH with endogenous patterns of expression. The transgenic mice were characterized by western blot, qPCR, and immunohistochemistry. Tissue contents of dopamine, its metabolites, and markers of oxidative stress were evaluated. TH‐HI mice had a 3‐fold increase in total and phosphorylated TH levels and an increased rate of dopamine synthesis. Coincident with elevated dopamine turnover, TH‐HI mice showed increased striatal production of H2O2 and reduced glutathione levels. In addition, TH‐HI mice had elevated striatal levels of the neurotoxic dopamine metabolites 3,4‐dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde and 5‐S‐cysteinyl‐dopamine and were more susceptible than wild‐type mice to the effects of amphetamine and methamphetamine. These results demonstrate that increased TH alone is sufficient to produce oxidative stress in vivo, build up autotoxic dopamine metabolites, and augment toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Vecchio
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Patricia Sullivan
- Autonomic Medicine Section, Clinical Neurosciences Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Neurological, Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Amy R Dunn
- The Jackson Laboratory. Bar Harbor, Maine, USA
| | - Marie Kristel Bermejo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rong Fu
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Shababa T Masoud
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Emil Gregersen
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience - DANDRITE, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus C., Denmark
| | - Nikhil M Urs
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainsville, FL, USA
| | - Reza Nazari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Poul Henning Jensen
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience - DANDRITE, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus C., Denmark
| | - Amy Ramsey
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David S Goldstein
- Autonomic Medicine Section, Clinical Neurosciences Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Neurological, Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gary W Miller
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Medical Centre, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ali Salahpour
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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12
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Landis EG, Park HN, Chrenek M, He L, Sidhu C, Chakraborty R, Strickland R, Iuvone PM, Pardue MT. Ambient Light Regulates Retinal Dopamine Signaling and Myopia Susceptibility. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021; 62:28. [PMID: 33502461 PMCID: PMC7846952 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.62.1.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Exposure to high-intensity or outdoor lighting has been shown to decrease the severity of myopia in both human epidemiological studies and animal models. Currently, it is not fully understood how light interacts with visual signaling to impact myopia. Previous work performed in the mouse retina has demonstrated that functional rod photoreceptors are needed to develop experimentally-induced myopia, alluding to an essential role for rod signaling in refractive development. Methods To determine whether dim rod-dominated illuminance levels influence myopia susceptibility, we housed male C57BL/6J mice under 12:12 light/dark cycles with scotopic (1.6 × 10−3 candela/m2), mesopic (1.6 × 101 cd/m2), or photopic (4.7 × 103 cd/m2) lighting from post-natal day 23 (P23) to P38. Half the mice received monocular exposure to −10 diopter (D) lens defocus from P28–38. Molecular assays to measure expression and content of DA-related genes and protein were conducted to determine how illuminance and lens defocus alter dopamine (DA) synthesis, storage, uptake, and degradation and affect myopia susceptibility in mice. Results We found that mice exposed to either scotopic or photopic lighting developed significantly less severe myopic refractive shifts (lens treated eye minus contralateral eye; –1.62 ± 0.37D and −1.74 ± 0.44D, respectively) than mice exposed to mesopic lighting (–3.61 ± 0.50D; P < 0.005). The 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid /DA ratio, indicating DA activity, was highest under photopic light regardless of lens defocus treatment (controls: 0.09 ± 0.011 pg/mg, lens defocus: 0.08 ± 0.008 pg/mg). Conclusions Lens defocus interacted with ambient conditions to differentially alter myopia susceptibility and DA-related genes and proteins. Collectively, these results show that scotopic and photopic lighting protect against lens-induced myopia, potentially indicating that a broad range of light levels are important in refractive development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica G Landis
- Department of Neuroscience, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States.,Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Atlanta VA Healthcare System, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Han Na Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Micah Chrenek
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Li He
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Curran Sidhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Ranjay Chakraborty
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States.,Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Atlanta VA Healthcare System, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Ryan Strickland
- Department of Neuroscience, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - P Michael Iuvone
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States.,Department of Pharmacology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Machelle T Pardue
- Department of Neuroscience, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States.,Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Atlanta VA Healthcare System, Atlanta, Georgia, United States.,Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
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13
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Kouwenhoven WM, Fortin G, Penttinen AM, Florence C, Delignat-Lavaud B, Bourque MJ, Trimbuch T, Luppi MP, Salvail-Lacoste A, Legault P, Poulin JF, Rosenmund C, Awatramani R, Trudeau LÉ. VGluT2 Expression in Dopamine Neurons Contributes to Postlesional Striatal Reinnervation. J Neurosci 2020; 40:8262-8275. [PMID: 32928885 PMCID: PMC7577590 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0823-20.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A subset of adult ventral tegmental area dopamine (DA) neurons expresses vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (VGluT2) and releases glutamate as a second neurotransmitter in the striatum, while only few adult substantia nigra DA neurons have this capacity. Recent work showed that cellular stress created by neurotoxins such as MPTP and 6-hydroxydopamine can upregulate VGluT2 in surviving DA neurons, suggesting the possibility of a role in cell survival, although a high level of overexpression could be toxic to DA neurons. Here we examined the level of VGluT2 upregulation in response to neurotoxins and its impact on postlesional plasticity. We first took advantage of an in vitro neurotoxin model of Parkinson's disease and found that this caused an average 2.5-fold enhancement of Vglut2 mRNA in DA neurons. This could represent a reactivation of a developmental phenotype because using an intersectional genetic lineage-mapping approach, we find that >98% of DA neurons have a VGluT2+ lineage. Expression of VGluT2 was detectable in most DA neurons at embryonic day 11.5 and was localized in developing axons. Finally, compatible with the possibility that enhanced VGluT2 expression in DA neurons promotes axonal outgrowth and reinnervation in the postlesional brain, we observed that DA neurons in female and male mice in which VGluT2 was conditionally removed established fewer striatal connections 7 weeks after a neurotoxin lesion. Thus, we propose here that the developmental expression of VGluT2 in DA neurons can be reactivated at postnatal stages, contributing to postlesional plasticity of dopaminergic axons.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT A small subset of dopamine neurons in the adult, healthy brain expresses vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (VGluT2) and thus releases glutamate as a second neurotransmitter in the striatum. This neurochemical phenotype appears to be plastic as exposure to neurotoxins, such as 6-OHDA or MPTP, that model certain aspects of Parkinson's disease pathophysiology, boosts VGluT2 expression in surviving dopamine neurons. Here we show that this enhanced VGluT2 expression in dopamine neurons drives axonal outgrowth and contributes to dopamine neuron axonal plasticity in the postlesional brain. A better understanding of the neurochemical changes that occur during the progression of Parkinson's disease pathology will aid the development of novel therapeutic strategies for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willemieke M Kouwenhoven
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Department of Neurosciences, Groupe de Recherche sur le Système Nerveux Central, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Guillaume Fortin
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Department of Neurosciences, Groupe de Recherche sur le Système Nerveux Central, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Anna-Maija Penttinen
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Department of Neurosciences, Groupe de Recherche sur le Système Nerveux Central, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Clélia Florence
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Department of Neurosciences, Groupe de Recherche sur le Système Nerveux Central, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Benoît Delignat-Lavaud
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Department of Neurosciences, Groupe de Recherche sur le Système Nerveux Central, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Marie-Josée Bourque
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Department of Neurosciences, Groupe de Recherche sur le Système Nerveux Central, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Thorsten Trimbuch
- Institut für Neurophysiologie, Charite Universitaetsmedizin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Milagros Pereira Luppi
- Department of Neurology and the Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611
| | - Alix Salvail-Lacoste
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Pascale Legault
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Jean-François Poulin
- Department of Neurology and the Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611
| | - Christian Rosenmund
- Institut für Neurophysiologie, Charite Universitaetsmedizin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Raj Awatramani
- Department of Neurology and the Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611
| | - Louis-Éric Trudeau
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Department of Neurosciences, Groupe de Recherche sur le Système Nerveux Central, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
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14
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Gezer AO, Kochmanski J, VanOeveren SE, Cole-Strauss A, Kemp CJ, Patterson JR, Miller KM, Kuhn NC, Herman DE, McIntire A, Lipton JW, Luk KC, Fleming SM, Sortwell CE, Bernstein AI. Developmental exposure to the organochlorine pesticide dieldrin causes male-specific exacerbation of α-synuclein-preformed fibril-induced toxicity and motor deficits. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 141:104947. [PMID: 32422283 PMCID: PMC7343230 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.104947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Human and animal studies have shown that exposure to the organochlorine pesticide dieldrin is associated with increased risk of Parkinson's disease (PD). Previous work showed that developmental dieldrin exposure increased neuronal susceptibility to MPTP toxicity in male C57BL/6 mice, possibly via changes in dopamine (DA) packaging and turnover. However, the relevance of the MPTP model to PD pathophysiology has been questioned. We therefore studied dieldrin-induced neurotoxicity in the α-synuclein (α-syn)-preformed fibril (PFF) model, which better reflects the α-syn pathology and toxicity observed in PD pathogenesis. Specifically, we used a "two-hit" model to determine whether developmental dieldrin exposure increases susceptibility to α-syn PFF-induced synucleinopathy. Dams were fed either dieldrin (0.3 mg/kg, every 3-4 days) or vehicle corn oil starting 1 month prior to breeding and continuing through weaning of pups at postnatal day 22. At 12 weeks of age, male and female offspring received intrastriatal α-syn PFF or control saline injections. Consistent with the male-specific increased susceptibility to MPTP, our results demonstrate that developmental dieldrin exposure exacerbates PFF-induced toxicity in male mice only. Specifically, in male offspring, dieldrin exacerbated PFF-induced motor deficits on the challenging beam and increased DA turnover in the striatum 6 months after PFF injection. However, male offspring showed neither exacerbation of phosphorylated α-syn aggregation (pSyn) in the substantia nigra (SN) at 1 or 2 months post-PFF injection, nor exacerbation of PFF-induced TH and NeuN loss in the SN 6 months post-PFF injection. Collectively, these data indicate that developmental dieldrin exposure produces a male-specific exacerbation of synucleinopathy-induced behavioral and biochemical deficits. This sex-specific result is consistent with both previous work in the MPTP model, our previously reported sex-specific effects of this exposure paradigm on the male and female epigenome, and the higher prevalence and more severe course of PD in males. The novel two-hit environmental toxicant/PFF exposure paradigm established in this project can be used to explore the mechanisms by which other PD-related exposures alter neuronal vulnerability to synucleinopathy in sporadic PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysegul O Gezer
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, United States of America; Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, College of Natural Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States of America; College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States of America
| | - Joseph Kochmanski
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, United States of America
| | - Sarah E VanOeveren
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, United States of America
| | - Allyson Cole-Strauss
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, United States of America
| | - Christopher J Kemp
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, United States of America
| | - Joseph R Patterson
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, United States of America
| | - Kathryn M Miller
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, United States of America
| | - Nathan C Kuhn
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, United States of America
| | - Danielle E Herman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, United States of America
| | - Alyssa McIntire
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, United States of America
| | - Jack W Lipton
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, United States of America; Mercy Health St. Mary's, Grand Rapids, MI, United States of America
| | - Kelvin C Luk
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Sheila M Fleming
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, United States of America
| | - Caryl E Sortwell
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, United States of America; Mercy Health St. Mary's, Grand Rapids, MI, United States of America
| | - Alison I Bernstein
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, United States of America; Mercy Health St. Mary's, Grand Rapids, MI, United States of America.
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15
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Branco RC, Burkett JP, Black CA, Winokur E, Elsworth W, Dhamsania RK, Lohr KM, Schroeder JP, Weinshenker D, Jovanovic T, Miller GW. Vesicular monoamine transporter 2 mediates fear behavior in mice. GENES, BRAIN, AND BEHAVIOR 2020; 19:e12634. [PMID: 31898856 PMCID: PMC8170828 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A subset of people exposed to a traumatic event develops post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which is associated with dysregulated fear behavior. Genetic variation in SLC18A2, the gene that encodes vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2), has been reported to affect risk for the development of PTSD in humans. Here, we use transgenic mice that express either 5% (VMAT2-LO mice) or 200% (VMAT2-HI mice) of wild-type levels of VMAT2 protein. We report that VMAT2-LO mice have reduced VMAT2 protein in the hippocampus and amygdala, impaired monoaminergic vesicular storage capacity in both the striatum and frontal cortex, decreased monoamine metabolite abundance and a greatly reduced capacity to release dopamine upon stimulation. Furthermore, VMAT2-LO mice showed exaggerated cued and contextual fear expression, altered fear habituation, inability to discriminate threat from safety cues, altered startle response compared with wild-type mice and an anxiogenic-like phenotype, but displayed no deficits in social function. By contrast, VMAT2-HI mice exhibited increased VMAT2 protein throughout the brain, higher vesicular storage capacity and greater dopamine release upon stimulation compared with wild-type controls. Behaviorally, VMAT2-HI mice were similar to wild-type mice in most assays, with some evidence of a reduced anxiety-like responses. Together, these data show that presynaptic monoamine function mediates PTSD-like outcomes in our mouse model, and suggest a causal link between reduced VMAT2 expression and fear behavior, consistent with the correlational relationship between VMAT2 genotype and PTSD risk in humans. Targeting this system is a potential strategy for the development of pharmacotherapies for disorders like PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel C. Branco
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - James P. Burkett
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Carlie A. Black
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Emily Winokur
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - William Elsworth
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Rohan K. Dhamsania
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Kelly M. Lohr
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Jason P. Schroeder
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - David Weinshenker
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Tanja Jovanovic
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Gary W. Miller
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Department of Pharmacology, Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
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16
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Effects of NBI-98782, a selective vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) inhibitor, on neurotransmitter efflux and phencyclidine-induced locomotor activity: Relevance to tardive dyskinesia and antipsychotic action. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2020; 190:172872. [PMID: 32084491 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2020.172872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Valbenazine, a vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2, SLC18A2) inhibitor, is a newly approved treatment for tardive dyskinesia. VMAT2 is present in the membrane of secretory vesicles and transports dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE), serotonin (5-HT), histamine, glutamate (Glu), and GABA into vesicles for presynaptic release. We utilized microdialysis in awake, freely moving mice to determine the effect of NBI-98782, the active metabolite of valbenazine, alone, or in combination with several antipsychotic drugs (APDs), to influence neurotransmitter efflux in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), dorsal striatum (dSTR), hippocampus and nucleus accumbens (NAC); we also compared it with tetrabenazine, the prototypical VMAT2 inhibitor. Acute NBI-98782 and tetrabenazine decreased mPFC, dSTR, hippocampus, and NAC DA, 5-HT, and NE efflux, while increasing that of DOPAC, HVA, and 5-HIAA. Sub-chronic NBI-98782 (7 days) decreased baseline DA and 5-HT efflux in both mPFC and dSTR. NBI-98782 elicited similar effects on neurotransmitter efflux in sub-chronic NBI-98782-treated mice but also enhanced ACh and GABA; the decrease in DA efflux in mPFC and dSTR was not significant in the sc-treated animals. NBI-98782 suppressed clozapine-, olanzapine- and risperidone-induced DA efflux in both mPFC and dSTR, and ACh efflux in mPFC. NBI-98782 suppressed the haloperidol-induced DA efflux in dSTR, with minimal effect on GABA efflux. NBI-98782 attenuated PCP-induced DA, 5-HT, NE and Glu efflux, and AMPH-induced DA and NE efflux, in both mPFC and dSTR, as well as PCP- and AMPH-induced hyperlocomotion, suggesting possible beneficial antipsychotic effects.
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17
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Cansler HL, Wright KN, Stetzik LA, Wesson DW. Neurochemical organization of the ventral striatum's olfactory tubercle. J Neurochem 2020; 152:425-448. [PMID: 31755104 PMCID: PMC7042089 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The ventral striatum is a collection of brain structures, including the nucleus accumbens, ventral pallidum and the olfactory tubercle (OT). While much attention has been devoted to the nucleus accumbens, a comprehensive understanding of the ventral striatum and its contributions to neurological diseases requires an appreciation for the complex neurochemical makeup of the ventral striatum's other components. This review summarizes the rich neurochemical composition of the OT, including the neurotransmitters, neuromodulators and hormones present. We also address the receptors and transporters involved in each system as well as their putative functional roles. Finally, we end with briefly reviewing select literature regarding neurochemical changes in the OT in the context of neurological disorders, specifically neurodegenerative disorders. By overviewing the vast literature on the neurochemical composition of the OT, this review will serve to aid future research into the neurobiology of the ventral striatum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hillary L Cansler
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Center for Smell and Taste, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Katherine N Wright
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Center for Smell and Taste, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Center for Addiction Research and Education, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Lucas A Stetzik
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Center for Smell and Taste, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Daniel W Wesson
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Center for Smell and Taste, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Center for Addiction Research and Education, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Norman Fixel Institute for Neurological Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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18
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Wang L, Zhang Z, Hou L, Wang Y, Zuo J, Xue M, Li X, Liu Y, Song J, Pan F, Pu T. Phytic acid attenuates upregulation of GSK-3β and disturbance of synaptic vesicle recycling in MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease models. Neurochem Int 2019; 129:104507. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2019.104507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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19
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Giguère N, Delignat-Lavaud B, Herborg F, Voisin A, Li Y, Jacquemet V, Anand-Srivastava M, Gether U, Giros B, Trudeau LÉ. Increased vulnerability of nigral dopamine neurons after expansion of their axonal arborization size through D2 dopamine receptor conditional knockout. PLoS Genet 2019; 15:e1008352. [PMID: 31449520 PMCID: PMC6730950 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopamine (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). Rare genetic mutations in genes such as Parkin, Pink1, DJ-1, α-synuclein, LRRK2 and GBA are found to be responsible for the disease in about 15% of the cases. A key unanswered question in PD pathophysiology is why would these mutations, impacting basic cellular processes such as mitochondrial function and neurotransmission, lead to selective degeneration of SNc DA neurons? We previously showed in vitro that SNc DA neurons have an extremely high rate of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and ATP production, characteristics that appear to be the result of their highly complex axonal arborization. To test the hypothesis in vivo that axon arborization size is a key determinant of vulnerability, we selectively labeled SNc or VTA DA neurons using floxed YFP viral injections in DAT-cre mice and showed that SNc DA neurons have a much more arborized axon than those of the VTA. To further enhance this difference, which may represent a limiting factor in the basal vulnerability of these neurons, we selectively deleted in mice the DA D2 receptor (D2-cKO), a key negative regulator of the axonal arbour of DA neurons. In these mice, SNc DA neurons have a 2-fold larger axonal arborization, release less DA and are more vulnerable to a 6-OHDA lesion, but not to α-synuclein overexpression when compared to control SNc DA neurons. This work adds to the accumulating evidence that the axonal arborization size of SNc DA neurons plays a key role in their vulnerability in the context of PD. Parkinson’s disease motor symptoms have been linked to age-dependent degeneration of a class of neurons in the brain that release the chemical messenger dopamine. The reason for the selective loss of these neurons represents a key unsolved mystery. One hypothesis is that the neurons most at risk in this disease are those with the most extensive and complex connectivity in the brain, which would make these cells most dependent on high rates of mitochondrial energy production and expose them to higher rates of oxidative stress. Here we selectively deleted in dopamine neurons a key gene providing negative feedback control of the axonal arbor size of these neurons, in the objective of producing mice in which dopamine neurons have more extensive connectivity. We found that deletion of the dopamine D2 receptor gene in dopamine neurons leads to dopamine neurons with a longer and more complex axonal domain. We also found that in these mice, dopamine neurons in a region of the brain called the substantia nigra show increased vulnerability to a neurotoxin often used to model Parkinson’s disease in rodents. Our findings provide support for the hypothesis that the scale of a neuron’s connectivity directly influences its vulnerability to cellular stressors that trigger Parkinson’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Giguère
- Departments of pharmacology and physiology, Department of neurosciences, Central Nervous System Research Group (GRSNC), Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Benoît Delignat-Lavaud
- Departments of pharmacology and physiology, Department of neurosciences, Central Nervous System Research Group (GRSNC), Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Freja Herborg
- Molecular Neuropharmacology and Genetics Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Aurore Voisin
- Departments of pharmacology and physiology, Department of neurosciences, Central Nervous System Research Group (GRSNC), Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of pharmacology and physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Vincent Jacquemet
- Department of pharmacology and physiology, Research Center of the Hôpital de Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Madhu Anand-Srivastava
- Department of pharmacology and physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Ulrik Gether
- Molecular Neuropharmacology and Genetics Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bruno Giros
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University Faculty of Medicine, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Louis-Éric Trudeau
- Departments of pharmacology and physiology, Department of neurosciences, Central Nervous System Research Group (GRSNC), Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Vester AI, Chen M, Marsit CJ, Caudle WM. A Neurodevelopmental Model of Combined Pyrethroid and Chronic Stress Exposure. TOXICS 2019; 7:toxics7020024. [PMID: 31052489 PMCID: PMC6630986 DOI: 10.3390/toxics7020024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders of childhood and previous studies indicate the dopamine system plays a major role in ADHD pathogenesis. Two environmental exposures independently associated with dopaminergic dysfunction and ADHD risk include exposure to deltamethrin, a pyrethroid insecticide, and chronic stress. We hypothesized that combined neurodevelopmental exposure to both deltamethrin and corticosterone (CORT), the major stress hormone in rodents, would result in additive changes within the dopamine system. To study this, we developed a novel dual exposure paradigm and exposed pregnant C57BL/6 dams to 3 mg/kg deltamethrin through gestation and weaning, and their offspring to 25 μg/mL CORT dissolved in the drinking water through adulthood. Midbrain RNA expression as well as striatal and cortical protein expression of key dopaminergic components were investigated, in addition to ADHD-like behavioral tasks and electrochemical dopamine dynamics via fast-scan cyclic voltammetry. Given the well-described sexual dimorphism of ADHD, males and females were assessed separately. Males exposed to deltamethrin had significantly decreased midbrain Pitx3 expression, decreased cortical tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression, increased activity in the Y maze, and increased dopamine uptake rate in the dorsal striatum. These effects did not occur in males exposed to CORT only, or in males exposed to both deltamethrin and CORT, suggesting that CORT may attenuate these effects. Additionally, deltamethrin- and CORT-exposed females did not display these dopaminergic features, which indicates these changes are sex-specific. Our results show dopaminergic changes from the RNA through the functional level. Moreover, these data illustrate the importance of testing multiple environmental exposures together to better understand how combined exposures that occur in certain vulnerable populations could affect similar neurodevelopmental systems, as well as the importance of studying sex differences of these alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimée I Vester
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
| | - Merry Chen
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
| | - Carmen J Marsit
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
| | - W Michael Caudle
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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Rudenok MM, Alieva AK, Nikolaev MA, Kolacheva AA, Ugryumov MV, Pchelina SN, Slominsky PA, Shadrina MI. Possible Involvement of Genes Related to Lysosomal Storage Disorders in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson’s Disease. Mol Biol 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s002689331901014x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Lombaert N, Hennes M, Gilissen S, Schevenels G, Aerts L, Vanlaer R, Geenen L, Van Eeckhaut A, Smolders I, Nys J, Arckens L. 5-HTR 2A and 5-HTR 3A but not 5-HTR 1A antagonism impairs the cross-modal reactivation of deprived visual cortex in adulthood. Mol Brain 2018; 11:65. [PMID: 30400993 PMCID: PMC6218970 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-018-0404-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Visual cortical areas show enhanced tactile responses in blind individuals, resulting in improved behavioral performance. Induction of unilateral vision loss in adult mice, by monocular enucleation (ME), is a validated model for such cross-modal brain plasticity. A delayed whisker-driven take-over of the medial monocular zone of the visual cortex is preceded by so-called unimodal plasticity, involving the potentiation of the spared-eye inputs in the binocular cortical territory. Full reactivation of the sensory-deprived contralateral visual cortex is accomplished by 7 weeks post-injury. Serotonin (5-HT) is known to modulate sensory information processing and integration, but its impact on cortical reorganization after sensory loss, remains largely unexplored. To address this issue, we assessed the involvement of 5-HT in ME-induced cross-modal plasticity and the 5-HT receptor (5-HTR) subtype used. We first focused on establishing the impact of ME on the total 5-HT concentration measured in the visual cortex and in the somatosensory barrel field. Next, the changes in expression as a function of post-ME recovery time of the monoamine transporter 2 (vMAT2), which loads 5-HT into presynaptic vesicles, and of the 5-HTR1A and 5-HTR3A were assessed, in order to link these temporal expression profiles to the different types of cortical plasticity induced by ME. In order to accurately pinpoint which 5-HTR exactly mediates ME-induced cross-modal plasticity, we pharmacologically antagonized the 5-HTR1A, 5-HTR2A and 5-HTR3A subtypes. This study reveals brain region-specific alterations in total 5-HT concentration, time-dependent modulations in vMAT2, 5-HTR1A and 5-HTR3A protein expression and 5-HTR antagonist-specific effects on the post-ME plasticity phenomena. Together, our results confirm a role for 5-HTR1A in the early phase of binocular visual cortex plasticity and suggest an involvement of 5-HTR2A and 5-HTR3A but not 5-HTR1A during the late cross-modal recruitment of the medial monocular visual cortex. These insights contribute to the general understanding of 5-HT function in cortical plasticity and may encourage the search for improved rehabilitation strategies to compensate for sensory loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Lombaert
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, Box 2467, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maroussia Hennes
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, Box 2467, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sara Gilissen
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, Box 2467, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Giel Schevenels
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, Box 2467, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Laetitia Aerts
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, Box 2467, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ria Vanlaer
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, Box 2467, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lieve Geenen
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, Box 2467, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ann Van Eeckhaut
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Drug Information, Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ilse Smolders
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Drug Information, Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Julie Nys
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, Box 2467, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Present Address: Laboratory of Synapse Biology, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, O&N IV, Herestraat 49, box 602, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lutgarde Arckens
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neuroproteomics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, Box 2467, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.
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Cao L, Xie M, Zhao C, Tang J, Liu C, Xu Y, Li X, Liu Y, Chen Z. Synthesis and preliminary evaluation of 131I-9-iodovinyl-tetrabenazine targeting vesicular monoamine transporter 2. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-018-5900-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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24
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Super-resolution microscopy reveals functional organization of dopamine transporters into cholesterol and neuronal activity-dependent nanodomains. Nat Commun 2017; 8:740. [PMID: 28963530 PMCID: PMC5622129 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00790-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Dopamine regulates reward, cognition, and locomotor functions. By mediating rapid reuptake of extracellular dopamine, the dopamine transporter is critical for spatiotemporal control of dopaminergic neurotransmission. Here, we use super-resolution imaging to show that the dopamine transporter is dynamically sequestrated into cholesterol-dependent nanodomains in the plasma membrane of presynaptic varicosities and neuronal projections of dopaminergic neurons. Stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy reveals irregular dopamine transporter nanodomains (∼70 nm mean diameter) that were highly sensitive to cholesterol depletion. Live photoactivated localization microscopy shows a similar dopamine transporter membrane organization in live heterologous cells. In neurons, dual-color dSTORM shows that tyrosine hydroxylase and vesicular monoamine transporter-2 are distinctively localized adjacent to, but not overlapping with, the dopamine transporter nanodomains. The molecular organization of the dopamine transporter in nanodomains is reversibly reduced by short-term activation of NMDA-type ionotropic glutamate receptors, implicating dopamine transporter nanodomain distribution as a potential mechanism to modulate dopaminergic neurotransmission in response to excitatory input.The dopamine transporter (DAT) has a crucial role in the regulation of neurotransmission. Here, the authors use super-resolution imaging to show that DAT clusters into cholesterol-dependent membrane regions that are reversibly regulated by ionotropic glutamate receptors activation.
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Beier EE, Neal M, Alam G, Edler M, Wu LJ, Richardson JR. Alternative microglial activation is associated with cessation of progressive dopamine neuron loss in mice systemically administered lipopolysaccharide. Neurobiol Dis 2017; 108:115-127. [PMID: 28823928 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2017.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation arising from central and/or peripheral sources contributes to the pathogenesis of multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson's disease (PD). Emerging data suggest that differential activation of glia could lead to the pathogenesis and progression of PD. Here, we sought to determine the relationship between lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment, loss of dopaminergic neurons and differential activation of glia. Using a model of repeated injections with LPS (1mg/kg, i.p. for 4days), we found that LPS induced a 34% loss of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra 19days after initiation of treatment, but no further cell loss was observed at 36days. LPS induced a strong pro-inflammatory response with increased mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory markers, including tumor necrosis factor-α (4.8-fold), inducible nitric oxide synthase (2.0-fold), interleukin-1 beta (8.9-fold), interleukin-6 (10.7-fold), and robust glial activation were observed at 1day after final dose of LPS. These pro-inflammatory genes were then reduced at 19days after treatment, when there was a rise in the anti-inflammatory genes Ym1 (1.8-fold) and arginase-1 (2.6-fold). Additionally, 36days after the last LPS injection there was a significant increase in interleukin-10 (2.1-fold) expression. The qPCR data results were supported by protein data, including cytokine measurements, western blotting, and immunofluorescence in brain microglia. Taken together, these data demonstrate that progressive neurodegeneration in the substantia nigra following LPS is likely arrested by microglia shifting to an anti-inflammatory phenotype. Thus, strategies to promote resolution of neuroinflammation may be a promising avenue to slow the progressive loss of dopamine neurons in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric E Beier
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Matthew Neal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, United States
| | - Gelerah Alam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, United States
| | - Melissa Edler
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, United States
| | - Long-Jun Wu
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Jason R Richardson
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, United States.
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Longo F, Mercatelli D, Novello S, Arcuri L, Brugnoli A, Vincenzi F, Russo I, Berti G, Mabrouk OS, Kennedy RT, Shimshek DR, Varani K, Bubacco L, Greggio E, Morari M. Age-dependent dopamine transporter dysfunction and Serine129 phospho-α-synuclein overload in G2019S LRRK2 mice. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2017; 5:22. [PMID: 28292328 PMCID: PMC5351259 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-017-0426-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene are the most common genetic cause of Parkinson’s disease. Here, we investigated whether the G2019S LRRK2 mutation causes morphological and/or functional changes at nigro-striatal dopamine neurons. Density of striatal dopaminergic terminals, nigral cell counts, tyrosine hydroxylase protein levels as well as exocytotic dopamine release measured in striatal synaptosomes, or striatal extracellular dopamine levels monitored by in vivo microdialysis were similar between ≥12-month-old G2019S knock-in mice and wild-type controls. In vivo striatal dopamine release was insensitive to the LRRK2 inhibitor Nov-LRRK2-11, and was elevated by the membrane dopamine transporter blocker GBR-12783. However, G2019S knock-in mice showed a blunted neurochemical and motor activation response to GBR-12783 compared to wild-type controls. Western blot and dopamine uptake analysis revealed an increase in dopamine transporter levels and activity in the striatum of 12-month-old G2019S KI mice. This phenotype correlated with a reduction in vesicular monoamine transporter 2 levels and an enhancement of vesicular dopamine uptake, which was consistent with greater resistance to reserpine-induced hypolocomotion. These changes were not observed in 3-month-old mice. Finally, Western blot analysis revealed no genotype difference in striatal levels of endogenous α-synuclein or α-synuclein bound to DOPAL (a toxic metabolite of dopamine). However, Serine129-phosphorylated α-synuclein levels were higher in 12-month-old G2019S knock-in mice. Immunohistochemistry confirmed this finding, also showing no genotype difference in 3-month-old mice. We conclude that the G2019S mutation causes progressive dysfunctions of dopamine transporters, along with Serine129-phosphorylated α-synuclein overload, at striatal dopaminergic terminals, which are not associated with dopamine homeostasis dysregulation or neuron loss but might contribute to intrinsic dopaminergic terminal vulnerability. We propose G2019S knock-in mice as a presymptomatic Parkinson’s disease model, useful to investigate the pathogenic interaction among genetics, aging, and internal or environmental factors leading to the disease.
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