1
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Shu W, Wang Y, Deji Z, Li C, Chen C, Ding W, Du P, Wang X. Infliximab modifies CD74-mediated lymphatic abnormalities and adipose tissue alterations in creeping fat of Crohn's disease. Inflamm Res 2024; 73:1157-1172. [PMID: 38713235 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-024-01889-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lymphatic abnormalities are essential for pathophysiologic changes of creeping fat (CrF) in Crohn's disease (CD). Anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapy has been proved to alleviate CrF lesions, however, whether it achieves these by remodeling lymphatics is unknown. METHODS CD74 expression was detected in CrF and uninvolved mesentery of CD patients. Lymphatic functions in vitro were evaluated and lymphatic endothelium barrier were checked by transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER) and FITC-Dextran permeability. Protein level of tight junction and signaling pathways were detected by western blotting. RESULTS CD74 was upregulated in LECs of CrF and positively correlated with TNF-α synthesis. This was suppressed by IFX administration. In vitro, TNF-α stimulated LECs to express CD74 through NF-κB signaling pathway, and this was rescued by IFX. CD74 downregulation suppressed the abilities of LECs in proliferation, migration and tube formation. Interaction of CD74-MIF impaired LECs' barrier via reducing tight junction proteins in an ERK1/2-dependent manner, which was reversed by CD74 downregulation. Consistently, the CD patients receiving IFX therapy displayed decreased lymphangiogenesis and improved mesenteric lymphatic endothelium barrier, companied with reduced adipocyte size and adipokine levels in CrF. CONCLUSIONS Anti-TNF therapy could modify pathological changes in CrF by alleviating CD74-mediated lymphatic abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weigang Shu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Yongheng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Zhuoma Deji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Chuanding Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Chunqiu Chen
- Center for Difficult and Complicated Abdominal Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Wenjun Ding
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Peng Du
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiaolei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China.
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2
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Tornel W, Sharma I, Osmani H, Moonah S. Prosurvival Pathway Protects From Clostridioides difficile Toxin-Mediated Cell Death. J Infect Dis 2024; 229:1519-1522. [PMID: 37972231 PMCID: PMC11095527 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need for new nonantibiotic-based treatment strategies for Clostridioides difficile infection. C. difficile toxin B (TcdB) is a virulent factor that is essential for causing disease. Here, we investigated whether a survival-signaling pathway could protect against TcdB. We found significant increase in caspase-3 apoptotic activity in intestinal epithelial cells of mice exposed to TcdB. Subsequently, activation of the MIF-CD74-Akt prosurvival signaling pathway blocked TcdB-induced caspase-3 activity and intestinal epithelial cell death. This brief report provides proof-of-concept that targeting prosurvival pathways may represent a unique antibiotic-independent strategy for protecting against C. difficile toxin-mediated cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Tornel
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Ishrya Sharma
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Hiba Osmani
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Shannon Moonah
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
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3
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Baeza C, Pintor-Chocano A, Carrasco S, Sanz A, Ortiz A, Sanchez-Niño MD. Paricalcitol Has a Potent Anti-Inflammatory Effect in Rat Endothelial Denudation-Induced Intimal Hyperplasia. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4814. [PMID: 38732029 PMCID: PMC11084681 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Neointimal hyperplasia is the main cause of vascular graft failure in the medium term. Vitamin D receptor activation modulates the biology of vascular smooth muscle cells and has been reported to protect from neointimal hyperplasia following endothelial injury. However, the molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. We have now explored the impact of the selective vitamin D receptor activator, paricalcitol, on neointimal hyperplasia, following guidewire-induced endothelial cell injury in rats, and we have assessed the impact of paricalcitol or vehicle on the expression of key cell stress factors. Guidewire-induced endothelial cell injury caused neointimal hyperplasia and luminal stenosis and upregulated the expression of the growth factor growth/differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15), the cytokine receptor CD74, NFκB-inducing kinase (NIK, an upstream regulator of the proinflammatory transcription factor NFκB) and the chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL2). Immunohistochemistry confirmed the increased expression of the cellular proteins CD74 and NIK. Paricalcitol (administered in doses of 750 ng/kg of body weight, every other day) had a non-significant impact on neointimal hyperplasia and luminal stenosis. However, it significantly decreased GDF-15, CD74, NIK and MCP-1/CCL2 mRNA expression, which in paricalcitol-injured arteries remained within the levels found in control vehicle sham arteries. In conclusion, paricalcitol had a dramatic effect, suppressing the stress response to guidewire-induced endothelial cell injury, despite a limited impact on neointimal hyperplasia and luminal stenosis. This observation identifies novel molecular targets of paricalcitol in the vascular system, whose differential expression cannot be justified as a consequence of improved tissue injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciro Baeza
- Department of Vascular Surgery, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz UAM, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Arancha Pintor-Chocano
- RICORS2040, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz UAM, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana Carrasco
- RICORS2040, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz UAM, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Sanz
- RICORS2040, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz UAM, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- RICORS2040, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz UAM, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Dolores Sanchez-Niño
- RICORS2040, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz UAM, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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4
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Daly AC, Cambuli F, Äijö T, Lötstedt B, Marjanovic N, Kuksenko O, Smith-Erb M, Fernandez S, Domovic D, Van Wittenberghe N, Drokhlyansky E, Griffin GK, Phatnani H, Bonneau R, Regev A, Vickovic S. Tissue and cellular spatiotemporal dynamics in colon aging. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.22.590125. [PMID: 38712088 PMCID: PMC11071407 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.22.590125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Tissue structure and molecular circuitry in the colon can be profoundly impacted by systemic age-related effects, but many of the underlying molecular cues remain unclear. Here, we built a cellular and spatial atlas of the colon across three anatomical regions and 11 age groups, encompassing ~1,500 mouse gut tissues profiled by spatial transcriptomics and ~400,000 single nucleus RNA-seq profiles. We developed a new computational framework, cSplotch, which learns a hierarchical Bayesian model of spatially resolved cellular expression associated with age, tissue region, and sex, by leveraging histological features to share information across tissue samples and data modalities. Using this model, we identified cellular and molecular gradients along the adult colonic tract and across the main crypt axis, and multicellular programs associated with aging in the large intestine. Our multi-modal framework for the investigation of cell and tissue organization can aid in the understanding of cellular roles in tissue-level pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aidan C. Daly
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Computational Biology, Flatiron Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Tarmo Äijö
- Center for Computational Biology, Flatiron Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Britta Lötstedt
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
- Klarman Cell Observatory Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Gene Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nemanja Marjanovic
- Klarman Cell Observatory Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Olena Kuksenko
- Klarman Cell Observatory Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Eugene Drokhlyansky
- Klarman Cell Observatory Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Gabriel K Griffin
- Klarman Cell Observatory Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hemali Phatnani
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Richard Bonneau
- Center for Computational Biology, Flatiron Institute, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Data Science, New York University, New York, NY, USA
- Current address: Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Aviv Regev
- Klarman Cell Observatory Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Current address: Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sanja Vickovic
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
- Klarman Cell Observatory Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Herbert Irving Institute for Cancer Dynamics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Beijer Laboratory for Gene and Neuro Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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5
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Selvakumar B, Sekar P, Samsudin AR. Intestinal macrophages in pathogenesis and treatment of gut leakage: current strategies and future perspectives. J Leukoc Biol 2024; 115:607-619. [PMID: 38198217 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiad165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophages play key roles in tissue homeostasis, defense, disease, and repair. Macrophages are highly plastic and exhibit distinct functional phenotypes based on micro-environmental stimuli. In spite of several advancements in understanding macrophage biology and their different functional phenotypes in various physiological and pathological conditions, currently available treatment strategies targeting macrophages are limited. Macrophages' high plasticity and diverse functional roles-including tissue injury and wound healing mechanisms-mark them as potential targets to mine for efficient therapeutics to treat diseases. Despite mounting evidence on association of gut leakage with several extraintestinal diseases, there is no targeted standard therapy to treat gut leakage. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop therapeutic strategies to treat this condition. Macrophages are the cells that play the largest role in interacting with the gut microbiota in the intestinal compartment and exert their intended functions in injury and repair mechanisms. In this review, we have summarized the current knowledge on the origins and phenotypes of macrophages. The specific role of macrophages in intestinal barrier function, their role in tissue repair mechanisms, and their association with gut microbiota are discussed. In addition, currently available therapies and the putative tissue repair mediators of macrophages for treating microbiota dysbiosis induced gut leakage are also discussed. The overall aim of this review is to convey the intense need to screen for microbiota induced macrophage-released prorepair mediators, which could lead to the identification of potential candidates that could be developed for treating the leaky gut and associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balachandar Selvakumar
- Department of Microbiota, Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, University City Road, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Priyadharshini Sekar
- Department of Microbiota, Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, University City Road, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - A Rani Samsudin
- Department of Microbiota, Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, University City Road, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, University City Road, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates
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6
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Sheikh IA, Bianchi-Smak J, Laubitz D, Schiro G, Midura-Kiela MT, Besselsen DG, Vedantam G, Jarmakiewicz S, Filip R, Ghishan FK, Gao N, Kiela PR. Transplant of microbiota from Crohn's disease patients to germ-free mice results in colitis. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2333483. [PMID: 38532703 PMCID: PMC10978031 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2333483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Although the role of the intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is beyond debate, attempts to verify the causative role of IBD-associated dysbiosis have been limited to reports of promoting the disease in genetically susceptible mice or in chemically induced colitis. We aimed to further test the host response to fecal microbiome transplantation (FMT) from Crohn's disease patients on mucosal homeostasis in ex-germ-free (xGF) mice. We characterized and transferred fecal microbiota from healthy patients and patients with defined Crohn's ileocolitis (CD_L3) to germ-free mice and analyzed the resulting microbial and mucosal homeostasis by 16S profiling, shotgun metagenomics, histology, immunofluorescence (IF) and RNAseq analysis. We observed a markedly reduced engraftment of CD_L3 microbiome compared to healthy control microbiota. FMT from CD_L3 patients did not lead to ileitis but resulted in colitis with features consistent with CD: a discontinued pattern of colitis, more proximal colonic localization, enlarged isolated lymphoid follicles and/or tertiary lymphoid organ neogenesis, and a transcriptomic pattern consistent with epithelial reprograming and promotion of the Paneth cell-like signature in the proximal colon and immune dysregulation characteristic of CD. The observed inflammatory response was associated with persistently increased abundance of Ruminococcus gnavus, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum, Faecalimonas umbilicate, Blautia hominis, Clostridium butyricum, and C. paraputrificum and unexpected growth of toxigenic C. difficile, which was below the detection level in the community used for inoculation. Our study provides the first evidence that the transfer of a dysbiotic community from CD patients can lead to spontaneous inflammatory changes in the colon of xGF mice and identifies a signature microbial community capable of promoting colonization of pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irshad Ali Sheikh
- Daniel Cracchiolo Institute for Pediatric Autoimmune Disease Research, Steele Children’s Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | - Daniel Laubitz
- Daniel Cracchiolo Institute for Pediatric Autoimmune Disease Research, Steele Children’s Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Gabriele Schiro
- Daniel Cracchiolo Institute for Pediatric Autoimmune Disease Research, Steele Children’s Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Monica T. Midura-Kiela
- Daniel Cracchiolo Institute for Pediatric Autoimmune Disease Research, Steele Children’s Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - David G. Besselsen
- Pediatrics, University Animal Care, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Gayatri Vedantam
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Sara Jarmakiewicz
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow, Rzeszow University, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Rafał Filip
- Institute of Medicine, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Rzeszow, Poland
- Department of Gastroenterology with IBD Unit, Clinical Hospital, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Fayez K. Ghishan
- Daniel Cracchiolo Institute for Pediatric Autoimmune Disease Research, Steele Children’s Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Nan Gao
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Pawel R. Kiela
- Daniel Cracchiolo Institute for Pediatric Autoimmune Disease Research, Steele Children’s Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
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7
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Yuan T, Zhang J, Zhao Y, Guo Y, Fan S. Single-cell RNA sequencing of intestinal crypts reveals vital events in damage repair and the double-edged sword effect of the Wnt3/β-catenin pathway in irradiated mice. Redox Biol 2023; 68:102942. [PMID: 37918127 PMCID: PMC10638071 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we executed single-cell RNA sequencing of intestinal crypts. We analyzed the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at different time points (the first, third, and fifth days) after 13 Gy and 15 Gy abdominal body radiation (ABR) exposure and then executed gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis, RNA velocity analysis, cell communication analysis, and ligand‒receptor interaction analysis to explore the vital events in damage repair and the multiple effects of the Wnt3/β-catenin pathway on irradiated mice. Results from bioinformatics analysis were confirmed by a series of biological experiments. Results showed that the antibacterial response is a vital event during the damage response process after 13 Gy ABR exposure; ionizing radiation (IR) induced high heterogeneity in the transient amplification (TA) cluster, which may differentiate into mature cells and stem cells in irradiated small intestine (SI) crypts. Conducting an enrichment analysis of the DEGs between mice exposed to 13 Gy and 15 Gy ABR, we concluded that the Wnt3/β-catenin and MIF-CD74/CD44 signaling pathways may contribute to 15 Gy ABR-induced mouse death. Wnt3/β-catenin promotes the recovery of irradiated SI stem/progenitor cells, which may trigger macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) release to further repair IR-induced SI injury; however, with the increase in radiation dose, activation of CD44 on macrophages provides the receptor for MIF signal transduction, initiating the inflammatory cascade response and ultimately causing a cytokine release syndrome. In contrast to previous research, we confirmed that inhibition of the Wnt3/β-catenin pathway or blockade of CD44 on the second day after 15 Gy ABR may significantly protect against ABR-induced death. This study indicates that the Wnt3/β-catenin pathway plays multiple roles in damage repair after IR exposure; we also propose a novel point that the interaction between intestinal crypt stem cells (ISCs) and macrophages through the MIF-CD74/CD44 axis may exacerbate SI damage in irradiated mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Yuan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Tianjin, 300192, People's Republic of China
| | - Junling Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Tianjin, 300192, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yue Zhao
- Annoroad Gene Technology (Beijing) Co. Ltd, Beijing, 100176, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuying Guo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Tianjin, 300192, People's Republic of China
| | - Saijun Fan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Tianjin, 300192, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Balasubramanian I, Bandyopadhyay S, Flores J, Bianchi‐Smak J, Lin X, Liu H, Sun S, Golovchenko NB, Liu Y, Wang D, Patel R, Joseph I, Suntornsaratoon P, Vargas J, Green PHR, Bhagat G, Lagana SM, Ying W, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Li WV, Singh S, Zhou Z, Kollias G, Farr LA, Moonah SN, Yu S, Wei Z, Bonder EM, Zhang L, Kiela PR, Edelblum KL, Ferraris R, Liu T, Gao N. Infection and inflammation stimulate expansion of a CD74 + Paneth cell subset to regulate disease progression. EMBO J 2023; 42:e113975. [PMID: 37718683 PMCID: PMC10620768 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2023113975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Paneth cells (PCs), a specialized secretory cell type in the small intestine, are increasingly recognized as having an essential role in host responses to microbiome and environmental stresses. Whether and how commensal and pathogenic microbes modify PC composition to modulate inflammation remain unclear. Using newly developed PC-reporter mice under conventional and gnotobiotic conditions, we determined PC transcriptomic heterogeneity in response to commensal and invasive microbes at single cell level. Infection expands the pool of CD74+ PCs, whose number correlates with auto or allogeneic inflammatory disease progressions in mice. Similar correlation was found in human inflammatory disease tissues. Infection-stimulated cytokines increase production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and expression of a PC-specific mucosal pentraxin (Mptx2) in activated PCs. A PC-specific ablation of MyD88 reduced CD74+ PC population, thus ameliorating pathogen-induced systemic disease. A similar phenotype was also observed in mice lacking Mptx2. Thus, infection stimulates expansion of a PC subset that influences disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Juan Flores
- Department of Biological SciencesRutgers UniversityNewarkNJUSA
| | | | - Xiang Lin
- Department of Computer ScienceNew Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewarkNJUSA
| | - Haoran Liu
- Department of Computer ScienceNew Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewarkNJUSA
| | - Shengxiang Sun
- Department of Pathology and ImmunologyWashington University School of MedicineSaint LouisMOUSA
| | | | - Yue Liu
- Department of Biological SciencesRutgers UniversityNewarkNJUSA
| | - Dahui Wang
- Department of Biological SciencesRutgers UniversityNewarkNJUSA
| | - Radha Patel
- Department of Biological SciencesRutgers UniversityNewarkNJUSA
| | - Ivor Joseph
- Department of Biological SciencesRutgers UniversityNewarkNJUSA
| | - Panan Suntornsaratoon
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & NeuroscienceRutgers New Jersey Medical SchoolNewarkNJUSA
| | - Justin Vargas
- Department of Medicine, Celiac Disease CenterColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Peter HR Green
- Department of Medicine, Celiac Disease CenterColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Govind Bhagat
- Department of Medicine, Celiac Disease CenterColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNYUSA
- Department of Pathology and Cell BiologyColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Stephen M Lagana
- Department of Pathology and Cell BiologyColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Wang Ying
- Hackensack Meridian Health Center for Discovery and InnovationNutleyNJUSA
| | - Yi Zhang
- Hackensack Meridian Health Center for Discovery and InnovationNutleyNJUSA
| | - Zhihan Wang
- Department of StatisticsRutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNJUSA
| | - Wei Vivian Li
- Department of Biostatistics and EpidemiologyRutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNJUSA
| | - Sukhwinder Singh
- Department of PathologyRutgers New Jersey Medical SchoolNewarkNJUSA
| | - Zhongren Zhou
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolRutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNJUSA
| | - George Kollias
- Biomedical Sciences Research Centre, “Alexander Fleming”VariGreece
| | - Laura A Farr
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International HealthUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVAUSA
| | - Shannon N Moonah
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International HealthUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVAUSA
| | - Shiyan Yu
- Department of Biological SciencesRutgers UniversityNewarkNJUSA
| | - Zhi Wei
- Department of Computer ScienceNew Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewarkNJUSA
| | - Edward M Bonder
- Department of Biological SciencesRutgers UniversityNewarkNJUSA
| | - Lanjing Zhang
- Department of Biological SciencesRutgers UniversityNewarkNJUSA
- Department of PathologyPenn Medicine Princeton Medical CenterPlainsboroNJUSA
| | - Pawel R Kiela
- Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, and Daniel Cracchiolo Institute for Pediatric Autoimmune Disease Research, Steele Children's Research CenterThe University of Arizona Health SciencesTucsonAZUSA
| | - Karen L Edelblum
- Center for Immunity and InflammationRutgers New Jersey Medical SchoolNewarkNJUSA
| | - Ronaldo Ferraris
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & NeuroscienceRutgers New Jersey Medical SchoolNewarkNJUSA
| | - Ta‐Chiang Liu
- Department of Pathology and ImmunologyWashington University School of MedicineSaint LouisMOUSA
| | - Nan Gao
- Department of Biological SciencesRutgers UniversityNewarkNJUSA
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9
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Neurath MF, Vieth M. Different levels of healing in inflammatory bowel diseases: mucosal, histological, transmural, barrier and complete healing. Gut 2023; 72:2164-2183. [PMID: 37640443 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-329964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Mucosal healing on endoscopy has emerged as a key prognostic parameter in the management of patients with IBD (Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis/UC) and can predict sustained clinical remission and resection-free survival. The structural basis for this type of mucosal healing is a progressive resolution of intestinal inflammation with associated healing of ulcers and improved epithelial barrier function. However, in some cases with mucosal healing on endoscopy, evidence of histological activity in mucosal biopsies has been observed. Subsequently, in UC, a second, deeper type of mucosal healing, denoted histological healing, was defined which requires the absence of active inflammation in mucosal biopsies. Both levels of mucosal healing should be considered as initial events in the resolution of gut inflammation in IBD rather than as indicators of complete transmural healing. In this review, the effects of anti-inflammatory, biological or immunosuppressive agents as well as small molecules on mucosal healing in clinical studies are highlighted. In addition, we focus on the implications of mucosal healing for clinical management of patients with IBD. Moreover, emerging techniques for the analysis of mucosal healing as well as potentially deeper levels of mucosal healing such as transmural healing and functional barrier healing of the mucosa are discussed. Although none of these new levels of healing indicate a definitive cure of the diseases, they make an important contribution to the assessment of patients' prognosis. The ultimate level of healing in IBD would be a resolution of all aspects of intestinal and extraintestinal inflammation (complete healing).
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus F Neurath
- Medical Clinic 1 & Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie DZI, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael Vieth
- Pathology Clinic, Klinikum Bayreuth GmbH, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Bayreuth, Germany
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10
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Ghosh S, Humera Khathun AH, Athulya GS, Vignesh P, Mathan L, Mudaraddi N, Narendran S, Lalitha P, Venkatesh Prajna N. Host cell-type and pathogen-specific immunomodulatory functions of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in infectious keratitis. Exp Eye Res 2023; 236:109669. [PMID: 37774962 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic management of inflammation in infectious keratitis (IK) requires new strategy and targets for selective immunomodulation. Targeting host cell-type specific inflammatory responses might be a viable strategy to curtail unnecessary inflammation and reduce tissue damage without affecting pathogen clearance. This study explores the possibility of pathogen and host cell-type dependent differences in the inflammatory pathways relevant in the pathogenesis of IK. Human corneal epithelial cell line (HCEC) and phorbol 12-myristate-13 acetate (PMA) differentiated THP-1 macrophage line were infected with either Aspergillus flavus conidia or Acanthamoeba castellanii trophozoites and the elicited inflammatory responses were studied in terms of gene expression and secretion of proinflammatory factors interleukin-8 (IL-8) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and an upstream inflammatory regulator and mediator protein-the Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF). Given the pleotropic mode of MIF function in diverse cell types relevant in many human diseases, we tested if MIF driven responses to infection is different in HCECs and THP-1 macrophages by studying its expression, secretion and involvement in inflammation by siRNA mediated knockdown. We also examined IK patient tear samples for MIF levels. Infection with A. flavus or A. castellanii induced IL-8 and TNF-α responses in HCECs and THP-1 macrophages but to different levels. Our preliminary human data showed that the level of secreted MIF protein was elevated in IK patient tear, however, MIF secretion by the two cell types were strikingly different in-vitro, under both normal and infected conditions. We found that HCECs released MIF constitutively, which was significantly inhibited with infection, whereas THP-1 macrophages were stimulated to release MIF during infection. MIF gene expression remained largely unaffected by infection in both the cell lines. Although MIF in HCECs appeared to be intracellularly captured during infection, MIF knockdown in HCECs associated with a partial reduction of the IL-8 and TNF-α expression produced by either of the pathogens, suggesting a pro-inflammatory role for MIF in HCECs, independent of its canonical cytokine like function. In contrast, MIF knockdown in THP-1 macrophages accompanied a dramatic increase in IL-8 and TNF-α expression during A. castellanii infection, while the responses to A. flavus infection remained unchanged. These data imply a host cell-type and pathogen specific distinction in the MIF- related inflammatory signaling and MIF as a potential selective immunomodulatory target in infectious keratitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swagata Ghosh
- Department of Microbiology, Aravind Medical Research Foundation, Madurai, India.
| | - A H Humera Khathun
- Department of Microbiology, Aravind Medical Research Foundation, Madurai, India
| | - G S Athulya
- Department of Microbiology, Aravind Medical Research Foundation, Madurai, India
| | - P Vignesh
- Department of Microbiology, Aravind Medical Research Foundation, Madurai, India
| | - L Mathan
- Department of Proteomics, Aravind Medical Research Foundation, Madurai, India
| | - Ninad Mudaraddi
- Department of Cornea and Refractive Surgery, Aravind Eye Hospital, Madurai, India
| | - Siddharth Narendran
- Department of Microbiology, Aravind Medical Research Foundation, Madurai, India; Aravind Eye Hospital, Coimbatore, India
| | - Prajna Lalitha
- Department of Ocular Microbiology, Aravind Eye Hospital, Madurai, India
| | - N Venkatesh Prajna
- Department of Cornea and Refractive Surgery, Aravind Eye Hospital, Madurai, India
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11
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Donaldson GP, Reis GL, Saad M, Mamede I, Chen G, DelGaudio NL, Zhang D, Aydin B, Harrer CE, Castro TB, Grivennikov S, Reis BS, Stadtmueller BM, Victora GD, Mucida D. Suppression of epithelial proliferation and tumorigenesis by immunoglobulin A. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.06.561290. [PMID: 37873082 PMCID: PMC10592636 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.06.561290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is the most abundant antibody isotype produced across mammals and plays a specialized role in mucosal homeostasis 1 . Constantly secreted into the lumen of the intestine, IgA binds commensal microbiota to regulate their colonization and function 2,3 , with unclear implications for health. IgA deficiency is common in humans but is difficult to study due to its complex etiology and comorbidities 4-8 . Using genetically and environmentally controlled mice, here we show that IgA-deficient animals have a baseline alteration in the colon epithelium that increases susceptibility to multiple models of colorectal cancer. Transcriptome, imaging, and flow cytometry-based analyses revealed that, in the absence of IgA, colonic epithelial cells induce antibacterial factors and accelerate cell cycling in response to the microbiota. Oral treatment with IgA was sufficient to suppress aberrant epithelial proliferation independently of bacterial binding, suggesting that IgA provides a feedback signal to epithelial cells in parallel with its known roles in microbiome shaping. In a primary colonic organoid culture system, IgA directly suppresses epithelial growth. Conversely, the susceptibility of IgA-deficient mice to colorectal cancer was reversed by Notch inhibition to suppress the absorptive colonocyte developmental program, or by inhibition of the cytokine MIF, the receptor for which was upregulated in stem cells of IgA-deficient animals. These studies demonstrate a homeostatic function for IgA in tempering physiological epithelial responses to microbiota to maintain mucosal health.
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12
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Diegelmann J, Brand S. Identification of IL-27 as a novel regulator of major histocompatibility complex class I and class II expression, antigen presentation, and processing in intestinal epithelial cells. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1226809. [PMID: 37818353 PMCID: PMC10561092 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1226809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Antigen presentation via major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and class II receptors plays a fundamental role in T cell-mediated adaptive immunity. A dysregulation of this fine-tuned recognition might result in the development of autoimmune diseases such as inflammatory bowel diseases that are characterized by chronic relapsing inflammation of the intestinal tract and a damaged intestinal epithelial barrier. While MHCII receptors are usually expressed by professional antigen presenting cells (APC) only, there is increasing evidence that non-immune cells such as intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) might express MHCII upon stimulation with IFN-γ and thus act as non-professional APC. However, little is known about other factors regulating intestinal epithelial MHC expression. Here, we identify IL-27 as an inducer of different MHCI and MHCII receptor subtypes and the invariant chain (CD74/li) in IEC via the STAT1/IRF1/CIITA axis. CIITA, MHCII, and CD74 expression was significantly increased in IEC from Crohn's disease (CD) patients with active disease compared to controls or CD patients in remission. IEC phagocytosed and digested external antigens and apoptotic cells. IL-27 strongly stimulated antigen processing via the immunoproteasome in a IRF1-dependent manner. In co-culture experiments, antigen-primed IEC strongly enhanced lymphocyte proliferation and IL-2 secretion, dependent on direct cell-cell contact. IL-27 pretreatment of IEC significantly increased CD4+ T cell proliferation and reduced IL-2 levels in lymphocytes in coculture. In summary, we identified IL-27 as a novel regulator of IEC antigen processing and presentation via MHCI and MHCII receptors, underscoring the importance of IEC as non-professional APC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Diegelmann
- Department of Medicine II, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stephan Brand
- Department of Medicine II, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
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13
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Weinberger E, Lin C, Lee SI. Isolating salient variations of interest in single-cell data with contrastiveVI. Nat Methods 2023; 20:1336-1345. [PMID: 37550579 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-023-01955-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Single-cell datasets are routinely collected to investigate changes in cellular state between control cells and the corresponding cells in a treatment condition, such as exposure to a drug or infection by a pathogen. To better understand heterogeneity in treatment response, it is desirable to deconvolve variations enriched in treated cells from those shared with controls. However, standard computational models of single-cell data are not designed to explicitly separate these variations. Here, we introduce contrastive variational inference (contrastiveVI; https://github.com/suinleelab/contrastiveVI ), a framework for deconvolving variations in treatment-control single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets into shared and treatment-specific latent variables. Using three treatment-control scRNA-seq datasets, we apply contrastiveVI to perform a variety of analysis tasks, including visualization, clustering and differential expression testing. We find that contrastiveVI consistently achieves results that agree with known ground truths and often highlights subtle phenomena that may be difficult to ascertain with standard workflows. We conclude by generalizing contrastiveVI to accommodate joint transcriptome and surface protein measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan Weinberger
- Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Chris Lin
- Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Su-In Lee
- Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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14
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Hong WC, Lee DE, Kang HW, Kim MJ, Kim M, Kim JH, Fang S, Kim HJ, Park JS. CD74 Promotes a Pro-Inflammatory Tumor Microenvironment by Inducing S100A8 and S100A9 Secretion in Pancreatic Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12993. [PMID: 37629174 PMCID: PMC10455843 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive form of pancreatic cancer with a poor prognosis and low survival rates. The prognostic and predictive biomarkers of PDAC are still largely unknown. The receptor CD74 was recently identified as a regulator of oncogenic properties in various cancers. However, the precise molecular mechanism of CD74 action in PDAC remains little understood. We investigated the role of CD74 by silencing CD74 in the pancreatic cancer cell line Capan-1. CD74 knockdown led to reductions in cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and increased apoptosis. Moreover, silencing CD74 resulted in the decreased expression and secretion of S100A8 and S100A9. An indirect co-culture of fibroblasts and tumor cells revealed that fibroblasts exposed to conditioned media from CD74 knockdown cells exhibited a reduced expression of inflammatory cytokines, suggesting a role of CD74 in influencing cytokine secretion in the tumor microenvironment. Overall, our study provides valuable insights into the critical role of CD74 in regulating the oncogenic properties of pancreatic cancer cells and its influence on the expression and secretion of S100A8 and S100A9. Taken together, these findings indicate CD74 as a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woosol Chris Hong
- Department of Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (W.C.H.); (J.H.K.); (S.F.)
| | - Da Eun Lee
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Republic of Korea; (D.E.L.); (H.W.K.); (M.J.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Hyeon Woong Kang
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Republic of Korea; (D.E.L.); (H.W.K.); (M.J.K.); (M.K.)
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong Jin Kim
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Republic of Korea; (D.E.L.); (H.W.K.); (M.J.K.); (M.K.)
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Minsoo Kim
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Republic of Korea; (D.E.L.); (H.W.K.); (M.J.K.); (M.K.)
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hyun Kim
- Department of Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (W.C.H.); (J.H.K.); (S.F.)
| | - Sungsoon Fang
- Department of Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (W.C.H.); (J.H.K.); (S.F.)
| | - Hyo Jung Kim
- Department of Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (W.C.H.); (J.H.K.); (S.F.)
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Republic of Korea; (D.E.L.); (H.W.K.); (M.J.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Joon Seong Park
- Department of Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (W.C.H.); (J.H.K.); (S.F.)
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Republic of Korea; (D.E.L.); (H.W.K.); (M.J.K.); (M.K.)
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15
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Medina-Rodriguez EM, Han D, Lowell J, Beurel E. Stress promotes the infiltration of peripheral immune cells to the brain. Brain Behav Immun 2023; 111:412-423. [PMID: 37169132 PMCID: PMC10349920 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune cells and the brain have a privileged interaction. Here, we report changes in the hippocampal immune microenvironment at the single cell level after stress, uncovering the tight orchestration of immune cell infiltration into the hippocampus after stress to maintain homeostasis. We show the distribution of several immune cell types in the hippocampus associated with their susceptibility or resilience to the learned helplessness paradigm in a sex- and microbiota-dependent manner using single-cell RNA sequencing and bioinformatic tools, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence. We uncovered the presence of tissue-resident memory T cells that accumulate over time in the hippocampus of learned helpless mice, and the presence of CD74-expressing myeloid cells. These cells were found by a knockdown approach to be critical to induce resilience to learned helplessness. Altogether, these findings provide a novel overview of the neuro-immune repertoire and its impact on the landscape of the hippocampus after learned helplessness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dongmei Han
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, United States
| | - Jeffrey Lowell
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, United States
| | - Eléonore Beurel
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, United States; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, United States.
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16
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Ye T, Yan Z, Chen C, Wang D, Wang A, Li T, Yang B, Ding X, Shen C. Lactoferrin attenuates cardiac fibrosis and cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction via inhibiting mTORC1/S6K signaling pathway. Theranostics 2023; 13:3419-3433. [PMID: 37351157 PMCID: PMC10283051 DOI: 10.7150/thno.85361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Myocardial infarction (MI) causes a severe injury response that eventually leads to adverse cardiac remodeling and heart failure. Lactoferrin (Ltf), as a secreted protein, bears multi-pharmacological properties. Present study aims to establish the cardioprotective function and corresponding mechanism of Ltf in MI process. Methods and results: We performed proteomic analysis in Tregs derived from MI heart, and identified Ltf as a remarkably upregulated secreted protein. However, Ltf was decreased in circulation and positively correlated with cardiac function both in mice and patients after MI. Ltf administration remarkably alleviated cardiac fibrosis and remodeling, improved cardiac function, and reduced incidence of heart failure in mice post-MI. In vitro, Ltf suppressed fibroblast to myofibroblast conversion induced by transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). Mechanistically, phosphoproteomic landscape analysis revealed that Ltf repressed the activation of mTORC1/S6K/eIF-4B signaling pathway via interaction with CD74 receptor. Administration of mTORC1/S6K/eIF-4B axis agonist MHY1485 abolished the cardioprotective effects of Ltf. Besides, MHY1485 also markedly reversed the effects of Ltf on suppressing the transformation of fibroblast to myofibroblast mediated by TGF-β. Conclusion: Our study established the cardiac protective role of Ltf in attenuating cardiac remodeling and improving cardiac function by inhibiting the activation of myofibroblasts through suppressing mTORC1/S6K/eIF-4B signaling pathway post-MI. Treatment with Ltf may serve as a potential novel therapeutic intervention in patients with MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianbao Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
- Institute for Personalized Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Zhiwen Yan
- Youth Science and Technology Innovation Studio of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Aiting Wang
- Institute for Personalized Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Taixi Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Boshen Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Xianting Ding
- Institute for Personalized Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Chengxing Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
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17
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Liu L, Li F, Shao T, Zhang L, Lee J, Dryden G, McClain CJ, Zhao C, Feng W. FGF21 Depletion Attenuates Colitis through Intestinal Epithelial IL-22-STAT3 Activation in Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:2086. [PMID: 37432218 PMCID: PMC10181108 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a glucose and lipid metabolic regulator. Recent research revealed that FGF21 was also induced by inflammatory stimuli. Its role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has not been investigated. In this study, an experimental IBD model was established in FGF21 knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice by adding 2.5% (wt/vol) dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) to their drinking water for 7 days. The severity of the colitis and the inflammation of the mouse colon tissues were analyzed. In WT mice, acute DSS treatment induced an elevation in plasma FGF21 and a significant loss of body weight in a time-dependent manner. Surprisingly, the loss of body weight and the severity of the colitis induced by DSS treatment in WT mice were significantly attenuated in FGF21 KO mice. Colon and circulating pro-inflammatory factors were significantly lower in the FGF21 KO mice compared to the WT mice. As shown by BrdU staining, the FGF21 KO mice demonstrated increased colonic epithelial cell proliferation. DSS treatment reduced intestinal Paneth cell and goblet cell numbers in the WT mice, and this effect was attenuated in the FGF21 KO mice. Mechanistically, FGF21 deficiency significantly increased the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)-3 activation in intestinal epithelial cells and increased the expression of IL-22. Further study showed that the expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling-2/3 (SOCS 2/3), a known feedback inhibitor of STAT3, was significantly inhibited in the DSS-treated FGF2 KO mice compared to the WT mice. We conclude that FGF21 deficiency attenuated the severity of DSS-induced acute colitis, which is likely mediated by enhancing the activation of the IL-22-STAT3 signaling pathway in intestinal epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Fengyuan Li
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Tuo Shao
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Lihua Zhang
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Jiyeon Lee
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Gerald Dryden
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Craig J. McClain
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Hepatobiology & Toxicology Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Robley Rex VA Medical Center, Louisville, KY 40206, USA
| | - Cuiqing Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Wenke Feng
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Hepatobiology & Toxicology Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
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18
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Cao L, Wang X, Liu X, Meng W, Guo W, Duan C, Liang X, Kang L, Lv P, Lin Q, Zhang R, Zhang X, Shen H. Tumor Necrosis Factor α-Dependent Lung Inflammation Promotes the Progression of Lung Adenocarcinoma Originating From Alveolar Type II Cells by Upregulating MIF-CD74. J Transl Med 2023; 103:100034. [PMID: 36925198 DOI: 10.1016/j.labinv.2022.100034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma is the most common type of lung cancer. We recently reported that inflammation-driven lung adenocarcinoma (IDLA) originates from alveolar type (AT)-II cells, which depend on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II to promote the expansion of regulatory T cells. The MHC class II-associated invariant chain (CD74) binds to the macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), which is associated with promoting tumor growth and invasion. However, the role of MIF-CD74 in the progression of lung adenocarcinoma and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We aimed to explore the role of MIF-CD74 in the progression of lung adenocarcinoma and elucidate the mechanisms by which tumor necrosis (TNF)-α-mediated inflammation regulates CD74 and MIF expression in IDLA. In human lung adenocarcinoma, CD74 was upregulated on the surface of tumor cells originating from AT-II cells, which correlated positively with lymph node metastasis, tumor origin/nodal involvement/metastasis stage, and TNF-α expression. MIF interaction with CD74 promoted the proliferation and migration of A549 and H1299 cells in vitro. Using a urethane-induced IDLA mouse model, we observed that CD74 was upregulated in tumor cells and macrophages. MIF expression was upregulated in macrophages in IDLA. Blocking TNF-α-dependent inflammation downregulated CD74 expression in tumor cells and CD74 and MIF expression in macrophages in IDLA. Conditioned medium from A549 cells or activated mouse AT-II cells upregulated MIF in macrophages by secreting TNF-α. TNF-α-dependent lung inflammation contributes to the progression of lung adenocarcinoma by upregulating CD74 and MIF expression, and AT-II cells upregulate MIF expression in macrophages by secreting TNF-α. This study provides novel insights into the function of CD74 in the progression of IDLA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cao
- Laboratory of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China; The Third Department of Geriatrics, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xiuqing Wang
- Laboratory of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xiaoyi Liu
- Laboratory of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Wei Meng
- Laboratory of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Wenli Guo
- Laboratory of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Chenyang Duan
- Laboratory of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liang
- Laboratory of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Lifei Kang
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Chest Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Ping Lv
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Qiang Lin
- Department of Oncology, North China Petroleum Bureau General Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Renqiu, Hebei Province, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xianghong Zhang
- Laboratory of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China.
| | - Haitao Shen
- Laboratory of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China.
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19
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Maddipatla SC, Kolachala VL, Venkateswaran S, Dodd AF, Pelia RS, Geem D, Yin H, Sun Y, Xu C, Mo A, Kosters A, Yang J, Matthews JD, Ghosn E, Kugathasan S, Qiu P. Assessing Cellular and Transcriptional Diversity of Ileal Mucosa Among Treatment-Naïve and Treated Crohn's Disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2023; 29:274-285. [PMID: 36206201 PMCID: PMC9890215 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izac201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Crohn's disease is a lifelong disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Defining the cellular and transcriptional composition of the mucosa at different stages of disease progression is needed for personalized therapy in Crohn's. METHODS Ileal biopsies were obtained from (1) control subjects (n = 6), (2) treatment-naïve patients (n = 7), and (3) established (n = 14) Crohn's patients along with remission (n = 3) and refractory (n = 11) treatment groups. The biopsies processed using 10x Genomics single cell 5' yielded 139 906 cells. Gene expression count matrices of all samples were analyzed by reciprocal principal component integration, followed by clustering analysis. Manual annotations of the clusters were performed using canonical gene markers. Cell type proportions, differential expression analysis, and gene ontology enrichment were carried out for each cell type. RESULTS We identified 3 cellular compartments with 9 epithelial, 1 stromal, and 5 immune cell subtypes. We observed differences in the cellular composition between control, treatment-naïve, and established groups, with the significant changes in the epithelial subtypes of the treatment-naïve patients, including microfold, tuft, goblet, enterocyte,s and BEST4+ cells. Surprisingly, fewer changes in the composition of the immune compartment were observed; however, gene expression in the epithelial and immune compartment was different between Crohn's phenotypes, indicating changes in cellular activity. CONCLUSIONS Our study identified cellular and transcriptional signatures associated with treatment-naïve Crohn's disease that collectively point to dysfunction of the intestinal barrier with an increase in inflammatory cellular activity. Our analysis also highlights the heterogeneity among patients within the same disease phenotype, shining a new light on personalized treatment responses and strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushma Chowdary Maddipatla
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Research Institute, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Vasantha L Kolachala
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Research Institute, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Suresh Venkateswaran
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Research Institute, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Anne F Dodd
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Research Institute, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ranjit Singh Pelia
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Research Institute, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Duke Geem
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Research Institute, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hong Yin
- Department of Pathology, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yutong Sun
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Congmin Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Angela Mo
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Astrid Kosters
- Lowance Center for Human Immunology, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Junkai Yang
- Lowance Center for Human Immunology, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jason D Matthews
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Research Institute, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Eliver Ghosn
- Emory Vaccine Center, Lowance Center for Human Immunology, Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Subra Kugathasan
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Research Institute, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Program, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USAand
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Peng Qiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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20
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Zhang J, Li J, Yan P, He L, Zhang X, Wang X, Shi Y, Deng L, Zhang Z, Zhao B. In-depth analysis of the relationship between bovine intestinal organoids and enteroids based on morphology and transcriptome. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2022; 16:1032-1046. [PMID: 36128613 DOI: 10.1002/term.3351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal organoids and enteroids as excellent models are miniaturized and simplified for studying intestinal physiological and pathological functions, drug screening, and regenerative medicine. Recently, the application demands for organoids and enteroids in organ development and nutrition metabolism, immune and cancer research increased. But there are few comparative studies on both of them, especially in immunity and metabolism, which is also conducive to further clarifying the role of crypt stem cells and stromal cells. In our study, "natural" organoids were obtained by tissue culture from fetal bovine jejunum and enteroids were successfully isolated and cultured from organoids without supplementing exogenous factors and Matrigel. These mini-guts displayed similar features to the intestine through immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscopy. Organoid and enteroid were systematically compared based on the transcriptome. And some of the results were verified by qRT-PCR. Our results showed KDGs (Key driver genes) (e.g., SLC13A1, HOXA7, HOXA6, HOXA5, and HOXD4) of organoids enriched in signaling pathways related to organ development and morphology and metabolism. KDGs (e.g., IL-6, PTGS2, CDH1, JUN, and EGFR) of enteroid were involved in cancer, MAPK, and immune-related signaling pathways. To the Wnt signaling pathway, highly expressed genes in organoids, including RSPO2, NOTUM, WNT6, and RSPO3, supported the homeostasis of crypt stem cells. Enteroids highly expressed CTNNB1 and WNTs. In addition, we found that organoids and enteroids carried out different functions in immunity and metabolism due to different cell compositions. Therefore, it suggested organoid is more compatible and comprehensive, and enteroid is qualified for the research of immunity and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juntao Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Juanjuan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Penghui Yan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Laizeng He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- Henan Yinfeng Biological Engineering Technology Co., LTD, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- Henan Yinfeng Biological Engineering Technology Co., LTD, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yake Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lixin Deng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - ZhiPing Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Baoyu Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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21
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Miller D, Garcia-Flores V, Romero R, Galaz J, Pique-Regi R, Gomez-Lopez N. Single-Cell Immunobiology of the Maternal-Fetal Interface. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 209:1450-1464. [PMID: 36192116 PMCID: PMC9536179 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Pregnancy success requires constant dialogue between the mother and developing conceptus. Such crosstalk is facilitated through complex interactions between maternal and fetal cells at distinct tissue sites, collectively termed the "maternal-fetal interface." The emergence of single-cell technologies has enabled a deeper understanding of the unique processes taking place at the maternal-fetal interface as well as the discovery of novel pathways and immune and nonimmune cell types. Single-cell approaches have also been applied to decipher the cellular dynamics throughout pregnancy, in parturition, and in obstetrical syndromes such as recurrent spontaneous abortion, preeclampsia, and preterm labor. Furthermore, single-cell technologies have been used during the recent COVID-19 pandemic to evaluate placental viral cell entry and the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on maternal and fetal immunity. In this brief review, we summarize the current knowledge of cellular immunobiology in pregnancy and its complications that has been generated through single-cell investigations of the maternal-fetal interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek Miller
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Detroit, MI
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
| | - Valeria Garcia-Flores
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Detroit, MI
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
| | - Roberto Romero
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Detroit, MI
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
- Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, MI
| | - Jose Galaz
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Detroit, MI
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; and
| | - Roger Pique-Regi
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Detroit, MI
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
| | - Nardhy Gomez-Lopez
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Detroit, MI;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
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22
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Jeffrey MP, MacPherson CW, Tompkins TA, Green-Johnson JM. Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus R0011 secretome attenuates Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium secretome-induced intestinal epithelial cell monolayer damage and pro-inflammatory mediator production in intestinal epithelial cell and antigen-presenting cell co-cultures. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:980989. [PMID: 36246229 PMCID: PMC9554441 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.980989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Certain lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are associated with immune modulatory activities including down-regulation of pro-inflammatory gene transcription and expression. While host antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) can interact directly with both pathogenic and commensal bacteria through innate immune pattern recognition receptors, recent evidence indicates indirect communication through secreted molecules is an important inter-domain communication mechanism. This communication route may be especially important in the context of IEC and APC interactions which shape host immune responses within the gut environment. We have previously shown that the Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus R0011 secretome (LrS) dampens pro-inflammatory gene transcription and mediator production from Tumor Necrosis Factor-α and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium secretome (STS)-challenged HT-29 IECs through the induction of negative regulators of innate immunity. However, many questions remain about interactions mediated through these bacterial-derived soluble components and the resulting host immune outcomes in the context of IEC and APC interactions. In the present study, we examined the ability of the LrS to down-regulate pro-inflammatory gene transcription and cytokine production from STS-challenged T84 human IEC and THP-1 human monocyte co-cultures. Cytokine and chemokine profiling revealed that apically delivered LrS induces apical secretion of macrophage inhibitory factor (MIF) and down-regulates STS-induced pro-inflammatory mediator secretion into the apical and basolateral chambers of the T84/THP-1 co-culture. Transcriptional profiling confirmed these results, as the LrS attenuated STS challenge-induced CXCL8 and NFκB1 expression in T84 IECs and THP-1 APCs. Interestingly, the LrS also reversed STS-induced damage to monolayer transepithelial resistance (TER) and permeability, results which were confirmed by ZO-1 gene expression and immunofluorescence visualization of ZO-1 expression in T84 IEC monolayers. The addition of a MIF-neutralizing antibody abrogated the ability of the LrS to reverse STS-induced damage to T84 IEC monolayer integrity, suggesting a novel role for MIF in maintaining IEC barrier function and integrity in response to soluble components derived from LAB. The results presented here provide mechanistic evidence for indirect communication mechanisms used by LAB to modulate immune responses to pathogen challenge, using in vitro approaches which allow for IEC and APC cell communication in a context which more closely mimics that which occurs in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P. Jeffrey
- Applied Bioscience Graduate Program and the Faculty of Science, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Julia M. Green-Johnson
- Applied Bioscience Graduate Program and the Faculty of Science, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Julia M. Green-Johnson,
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23
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Kershner LJ, Choi K, Wu J, Zhang X, Perrino M, Salomonis N, Shern JF, Ratner N. Multiple Nf1 Schwann cell populations reprogram the plexiform neurofibroma tumor microenvironment. JCI Insight 2022; 7:e154513. [PMID: 36134665 PMCID: PMC9675562 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.154513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To define alterations early in tumor formation, we studied nerve tumors in neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1), a tumor predisposition syndrome. Affected individuals develop neurofibromas, benign tumors driven by NF1 loss in Schwann cells (SCs). By comparing normal nerve cells to plexiform neurofibroma (PN) cells using single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing, we identified changes in 5 SC populations, including a de novo SC progenitor-like (SCP-like) population. Long after Nf1 loss, SC populations developed PN-specific expression of Dcn, Postn, and Cd74, with sustained expression of the injury response gene Postn and showed dramatic expansion of immune and stromal cell populations; in corresponding human PNs, the immune and stromal cells comprised 90% of cells. Comparisons between injury-related and tumor monocytes/macrophages support early monocyte recruitment and aberrant macrophage differentiation. Cross-species analysis verified each SC population and unique conserved patterns of predicted cell-cell communication in each SC population. This analysis identified PROS1-AXL, FGF-FGFR, and MIF-CD74 and its effector pathway NF-κB as deregulated in NF1 SC populations, including SCP-like cells predicted to influence other types of SCs, stromal cells, and/or immune cells in mouse and human. These findings highlight remarkable changes in multiple types of SCs and identify therapeutic targets for PN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah J. Kershner
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Kwangmin Choi
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Jianqiang Wu
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Xiyuan Zhang
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Melissa Perrino
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Nathan Salomonis
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, and
- Departments of Pediatrics and Bioinformatics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Jack F. Shern
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Nancy Ratner
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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24
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Rodor J, Chen SH, Scanlon JP, Monteiro JP, Caudrillier A, Sweta S, Stewart KR, Shmakova A, Dobie R, Henderson BEP, Stewart K, Hadoke PWF, Southwood M, Moore SD, Upton PD, Morrell NW, Li Z, Chan SY, Handen A, Lafyatis R, de Rooij LPMH, Henderson NC, Carmeliet P, Spiroski AM, Brittan M, Baker AH. Single-cell RNA sequencing profiling of mouse endothelial cells in response to pulmonary arterial hypertension. Cardiovasc Res 2022; 118:2519-2534. [PMID: 34528097 PMCID: PMC9400412 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction drives the initiation and pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). We aimed to characterize EC dynamics in PAH at single-cell resolution. METHODS AND RESULTS We carried out single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of lung ECs isolated from an EC lineage-tracing mouse model in Control and SU5416/hypoxia-induced PAH conditions. EC populations corresponding to distinct lung vessel types, including two discrete capillary populations, were identified in both Control and PAH mice. Differential gene expression analysis revealed global PAH-induced EC changes that were confirmed by bulk RNA-seq. This included upregulation of the major histocompatibility complex class II pathway, supporting a role for ECs in the inflammatory response in PAH. We also identified a PAH response specific to the second capillary EC population including upregulation of genes involved in cell death, cell motility, and angiogenesis. Interestingly, four genes with genetic variants associated with PAH were dysregulated in mouse ECs in PAH. To compare relevance across PAH models and species, we performed a detailed analysis of EC heterogeneity and response to PAH in rats and humans through whole-lung PAH scRNA-seq datasets, revealing that 51% of up-regulated mouse genes were also up-regulated in rat or human PAH. We identified promising new candidates to target endothelial dysfunction including CD74, the knockdown of which regulates EC proliferation and barrier integrity in vitro. Finally, with an in silico cell ordering approach, we identified zonation-dependent changes across the arteriovenous axis in mouse PAH and showed upregulation of the Serine/threonine-protein kinase Sgk1 at the junction between the macro- and microvasculature. CONCLUSION This study uncovers PAH-induced EC transcriptomic changes at a high resolution, revealing novel targets for potential therapeutic candidate development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Rodor
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Shiau Haln Chen
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Jessica P Scanlon
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - João P Monteiro
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Axelle Caudrillier
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Sweta Sweta
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Katherine Ross Stewart
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Alena Shmakova
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Ross Dobie
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Beth E P Henderson
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Kevin Stewart
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Patrick W F Hadoke
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Mark Southwood
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Stephen D Moore
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paul D Upton
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nick W Morrell
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ziwen Li
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Stephen Y Chan
- Divisions of Cardiology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Adam Handen
- Divisions of Cardiology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Robert Lafyatis
- Divisions of Cardiology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Laura P M H de Rooij
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology, Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), VIB and KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Neil C Henderson
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Peter Carmeliet
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology, Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), VIB and KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Ana Mishel Spiroski
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Mairi Brittan
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Andrew H Baker
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
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25
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Hoenow S, Yan K, Noll J, Groneberg M, Casar C, Lory NC, Vogelsang M, Hansen C, Wolf V, Fehling H, Sellau J, Mittrücker HW, Lotter H. The Properties of Proinflammatory Ly6Chi Monocytes Are Differentially Shaped by Parasitic and Bacterial Liver Infections. Cells 2022; 11:cells11162539. [PMID: 36010615 PMCID: PMC9406626 DOI: 10.3390/cells11162539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past, proinflammatory CD11b+Ly6Chi monocytes were predominantly considered as a uniform population. However, recent investigations suggests that this population is far more diverse than previously thought. For example, in mouse models of Entamoeba (E.) histolytica and Listeria (L.) monocytogenes liver infections, it was shown that their absence had opposite effects. In the former model, it ameliorated parasite-dependent liver injury, whereas in the listeria model it exacerbated liver pathology. Here, we analyzed Ly6Chi monocytes from the liver of both infection models at transcriptome, protein, and functional levels. Paralleled by E. histolytica- and L. monocytogenes-specific differences in recruitment-relevant chemokines, both infections induced accumulation of Ly6C+ monocytes at infection sites. Transcriptomic analysis revealed a high similarity between monocytes from naïve and parasite-infected mice and a clear proinflammatory phenotype of listeria-induced monocytes. This was further reflected by the upregulation of M2-related transcription factors (e.g., Mafb, Nr4a1, Fos) and higher CD14 expression by Ly6Chi monocytes in the E. histolytica infection model. In contrast, monocytes from the listeria infection model expressed M1-related transcription factors (e.g., Irf2, Mndal, Ifi204) and showed higher expression of CD38, CD74, and CD86, as well as higher ROS production. Taken together, proinflammatory Ly6Chi monocytes vary considerably depending on the causative pathogen. By using markers identified in the study, Ly6Chi monocytes can be further subdivided into different populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Hoenow
- Department of Molecular Parasitology and Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Karsten Yan
- Institute for Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jill Noll
- Department of Molecular Parasitology and Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marie Groneberg
- Department of Molecular Parasitology and Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Casar
- Bioinformatic Facility, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Niels Christian Lory
- Institute for Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Malte Vogelsang
- Department of Molecular Parasitology and Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Charlotte Hansen
- Department of Molecular Parasitology and Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Vincent Wolf
- Department of Molecular Parasitology and Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Helena Fehling
- Department of Molecular Parasitology and Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julie Sellau
- Department of Molecular Parasitology and Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Willi Mittrücker
- Institute for Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hannelore Lotter
- Department of Molecular Parasitology and Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
- Correspondence:
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26
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Wu B, Nakamura A. Deep Insight into the Role of MIF in Spondyloarthritis. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2022; 24:269-278. [PMID: 35809213 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-022-01081-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Pathological roles of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) have recently been demonstrated in spondyloarthritis (SpA) preclinical models, identifying MIF as a new treatment target for SpA. However, the specific contribution of MIF and therapeutic potential of MIF-targeted therapies to various tissue types affected by SpA are not well delineated. RECENT FINDINGS MIF and its cognate receptor CD74 are extensively involved in the pathogenesis of SpA including inflammation in the spine, joint, eyes, skin, and gut. The majority of the current evidence has consistently shown that MIF drives the inflammation in these distinct anatomical sites. In preclinical models, genetic deletion or blockade of MIF reduces the severity of inflammation. Although MIF is generally an upstream cytokine which regulates downstream effector cytokines, MIF also intensifies type 3 immunity by promoting helper T 17 (Th17) plasticity. MIF- or CD74-targeted therapies have also reported to be well tolerated in clinical trials for other diseases. Recent findings suggest that MIF-CD74 axis is a new therapeutic target for SpA to improve various clinical features. Clinical trials for MIF- or CD74-targeted therapies for SpA patients are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Wu
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5T 0S8, Canada.,Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Akihiro Nakamura
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5T 0S8, Canada. .,Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Division of Rheumatology, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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27
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Identification of Hub Genes and Immune Infiltration in Pediatric Biliary Atresia by Comprehensive Bioinformatics Analysis. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9050697. [PMID: 35626874 PMCID: PMC9140130 DOI: 10.3390/children9050697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Background: Biliary atresia (BA) is the leading cause of pediatric liver failure and pediatric liver transplantation worldwide. Evidence suggests that the immune system plays a central role in the pathogenesis of BA. Methods: In this work, the novel immune-related genes between BA and normal samples were investigated based on weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and the deconvolution algorithm of CIBERSORT. Results: Specifically, 650 DEGs were identified between the BA and normal groups. The blue module was the most positively correlated with BA containing 3274 genes. Totally, 610 overlapping BA-related genes of DEGs and WGCNA were further used to identify IRGs. Three IRGs including VCAM1, HLA-DRA, and CD74 were finally identified as the candidate biomarkers. Particularly, the CD74 biomarker was discovered for the first as a potential immune biomarker for BA. Conclusions: Possibly, these 3 IRGs might serve as candidate biomarkers and guide the individualized treatment strategies for BA patients. Our results would provide great insights for a deeper understanding of both the occurrence and the treatment of BA.
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28
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Trujillo-Vargas CM, Mauk KE, Hernandez H, de Souza RG, Yu Z, Galletti JG, Dietrich J, Paulsen F, de Paiva CS. Immune phenotype of the CD4 + T cells in the aged lymphoid organs and lacrimal glands. GeroScience 2022; 44:2105-2128. [PMID: 35279788 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-022-00529-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with a massive infiltration of T lymphocytes in the lacrimal gland. Here, we aimed to characterize the immune phenotype of aged CD4+ T cells in this tissue as compared with lymphoid organs. To perform this, we sorted regulatory T cells (Tregs, CD4+CD25+GITR+) and non-Tregs (CD4+CD25negGITRneg) in lymphoid organs from female C57BL/6J mice and subjected these cells to an immunology NanoString® panel. These results were confirmed by flow cytometry, live imaging, and tissue immunostaining in the lacrimal gland. Importantly, effector T helper 1 (Th1) genes were highly upregulated on aged Tregs, including the master regulator Tbx21. Among the non-Tregs, we also found a significant increase in the levels of EOMESmed/high, TbetnegIFN-γ+, and CD62L+CD44negCD4+ T cells with aging, which are associated with cell exhaustion, immunopathology, and the generation of tertiary lymphoid tissue. At the functional level, aged Tregs from lymphoid organs are less able to decrease proliferation and IFN-γ production of T responders at any age. More importantly, human lacrimal glands (age range 55-81 years) also showed the presence of CD4+Foxp3+ cells. Further studies are needed to propose potential molecular targets to avoid immune-mediated lacrimal gland dysfunction with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia M Trujillo-Vargas
- Grupo de Inmunodeficiencias Primarias, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, UdeA, Medellín, Colombia.,Department of Ophthalmology, Ocular Surface Center, Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, 6565 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, NC 505G, USA
| | - Kelsey E Mauk
- Graduate Program in Immunology & Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Humberto Hernandez
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ocular Surface Center, Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, 6565 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, NC 505G, USA
| | - Rodrigo G de Souza
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ocular Surface Center, Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, 6565 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, NC 505G, USA
| | - Zhiyuan Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ocular Surface Center, Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, 6565 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, NC 505G, USA
| | - Jeremias G Galletti
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, CONICET-National Academy of Medicine of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jana Dietrich
- Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Friedrich Paulsen
- Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Cintia S de Paiva
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ocular Surface Center, Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, 6565 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, NC 505G, USA.
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29
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Hassan SU, Chua EG, Paz EA, Kaur P, Tay CY, Greeff JC, Liu S, Martin GB. Investigating the development of diarrhoea through gene expression analysis in sheep genetically resistant to gastrointestinal helminth infection. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2207. [PMID: 35140270 PMCID: PMC8828848 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06001-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal helminths infect livestock causing health problems including severe diarrhoea. To explore the underlying biological mechanisms relating to development and control of diarrhoea, we compared 4 sheep that were susceptible to development of diarrhoea with 4 sheep that were diarrhoea-resistant. Transcriptomes in the tissues where the parasites were located were analyzed using RNASeq. By considering low-diarrhoea sheep as control, we identified 114 genes that were down-regulated and 552 genes that were up-regulated genes in the high-diarrhoea phenotype. Functional analysis of DEGs and PPI sub-network analysis showed that down-regulated genes in the high-diarrhoea phenotype were linked to biological processes and pathways that include suppression of ‘antigen processing and presentation’, ‘immune response’, and a list of biological functional terms related to ‘suppression in immune tolerance’. On the other hand, up-regulated genes in the high-diarrhoea phenotype probably contribute to repair processes associated with tissue damage, including ‘extracellular matrix organization’, ‘collagen fibril organization’, ‘tissue morphogenesis’, ‘circulatory system development’, ‘morphogenesis of an epithelium’, and ‘focal adhesion’. The genes with important roles in the responses to helminth infection could be targeted in breeding programs to prevent diarrhoea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamshad Ul Hassan
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.,Helicobacter Research Laboratory, The Marshall Centre for Infectious Disease Research and Training, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Eng Guan Chua
- Helicobacter Research Laboratory, The Marshall Centre for Infectious Disease Research and Training, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Erwin A Paz
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.,Helicobacter Research Laboratory, The Marshall Centre for Infectious Disease Research and Training, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Parwinder Kaur
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Chin Yen Tay
- Helicobacter Research Laboratory, The Marshall Centre for Infectious Disease Research and Training, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Johan C Greeff
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.,Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Western Australia, 3 Baron Hay Court, South Perth, WA, 6151, Australia
| | - Shimin Liu
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Graeme B Martin
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.
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30
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Ding R, Xiao Z, Jiang Y, Yang Y, Ji Y, Bao X, Xing K, Zhou X, Zhu S. Calcitriol ameliorates damage in high-salt diet-induced hypertension: Evidence of communication with the gut-kidney axis. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2021; 247:624-640. [PMID: 34894804 DOI: 10.1177/15353702211062507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have established a link between high-salt diet, inflammation, and hypertension. Vitamin D supplementation has shown anti-inflammatory effects in many diseases; gut microbiota is also associated with a wide variety of cardiovascular diseases, but potential role of vitamin D and gut microbiota in high-salt diet-induced hypertension remains unclear. Therefore, we used rats with hypertension induced by a high-salt diet as the research object and analyzed the transcriptome of their tissues (kidney and colon) and gut microbiome to conduct an overall analysis of the gut-kidney axis. We aimed to confirm the effects of high salt and calcitriol on the gut-kidney immune system and the composition of the intestinal flora. We demonstrate that consumption of a high-salt diet results in hypertension and inflammation in the colon and kidney and alteration of gut microbiota composition and function. High-salt diet-induced hypertension was found to be associated with seven microbial taxa and mainly associated with reduced production of the protective short-chain fatty acid butyrate. Calcitriol can reduce colon and kidney inflammation, and there are gene expression changes consistent with restored intestinal barrier function. The protective effect of calcitriol may be mediated indirectly by immunological properties. Additionally, the molecular pathways of the gut microbiota-mediated blood pressure regulation may be related to circadian rhythm signals, which needs to be further investigated. An innovative association analysis of the microbiota may be a key strategy to understanding the association between gene patterns and host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruifeng Ding
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Zilong Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yufeng Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, 66329Shuguang Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200021, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Shanghai Cinoasia Institute, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yang Ji
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xunxia Bao
- Shanghai Cinoasia Institute, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Kaichen Xing
- Shanghai Cinoasia Institute, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xinli Zhou
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Sibo Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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31
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Yang Y, Osorio D, Davidson LA, Han H, Mullens DA, Jayaraman A, Safe S, Ivanov I, Cai JJ, Chapkin RS. Single-cell RNA Sequencing Reveals How the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Shapes Cellular Differentiation Potency in the Mouse Colon. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2021; 15:17-28. [PMID: 34815312 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-21-0378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite recent progress recognizing the importance of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (Ahr)-dependent signaling in suppressing colon tumorigenesis, its role in regulating colonic crypt homeostasis remains unclear. To assess the effects of Ahr on intestinal epithelial cell heterogeneity and functional phenotypes, we utilized single-cell transcriptomics and advanced analytic strategies to generate a high-quality atlas for colonic intestinal crypts from wild-type and intestinal-specific Ahr knockout mice. Here we observed the promotive effects of Ahr deletion on Foxm1-regulated genes in crypt-associated canonical epithelial cell types and subtypes of goblet cells and deep crypt-secretory cells. We also show that intestinal Ahr deletion elevated single-cell entropy (a measure of differentiation potency or cell stemness) and RNA velocity length (a measure of the rate of cell differentiation) in noncycling and cycling Lgr5+ stem cells. In general, intercellular signaling cross-talk via soluble and membrane-bound factors was perturbed in Ahr-null colonocytes. Taken together, our single-cell RNA sequencing analyses provide new evidence of the molecular function of Ahr in modulating putative stem cell driver genes, cell potency lineage decisions, and cell-cell communication in vivo. PREVENTION RELEVANCE: Our mouse single-cell RNA sequencing analyses provide new evidence of the molecular function of Ahr in modulating colonic stemness and cell-cell communication in vivo. From a cancer prevention perspective, Ahr should be considered a therapeutic target to recalibrate remodeling of the intestinal stem cell niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjian Yang
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Daniel Osorio
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, College Station, Texas
| | - Laurie A Davidson
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas.,Program in Integrative Nutrition & Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Huajun Han
- Program in Integrative Nutrition & Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas.,Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Destiny A Mullens
- Program in Integrative Nutrition & Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas.,Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, College Station, Texas
| | - Arul Jayaraman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Stephen Safe
- Department of Veterinary Physiology & Pharmacology, Texas A&M University College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, College Station, Texas
| | - Ivan Ivanov
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, College Station, Texas
| | - James J Cai
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas.,Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, College Station, Texas
| | - Robert S Chapkin
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas. .,Program in Integrative Nutrition & Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas.,Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
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32
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Harjacek M. Immunopathophysiology of Juvenile Spondyloarthritis (jSpA): The "Out of the Box" View on Epigenetics, Neuroendocrine Pathways and Role of the Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF). Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:700982. [PMID: 34692718 PMCID: PMC8526544 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.700982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Juvenile spondyloarthritis (jSpA) is a an umbrella term for heterogeneous group of related seronegative inflammatory disorders sharing common symptoms. Although it mainly affects children and adolescents, it often remains active during adulthood. Genetic and environmental factors are involved in its occurrence, although the exact underlying immunopathophysiology remains incompletely elucidated. Accumulated evidence suggests that, in affected patients, subclinical gut inflammation caused by intestinal dysbiosis, is pivotal to the future development of synovial-entheseal complex inflammation. While the predominant role of IL17/23 axis, TNF-α, and IL-7 in the pathophysiology of SpA, including jSpA, is firmly established, the role of the cytokine macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is generally overlooked. The purpose of this review is to discuss and emphasize the role of epigenetics, neuroendocrine pathways and the hypothalamic-pituitary (HPA) axis, and to propose a novel hypothesis of the role of decreased NLRP3 gene expression and possibly MIF in the early phases of jSpA development. The decreased NLRP3 gene expression in the latter, due to hypomethylation of promotor site, is (one of) the cause for inflammasome malfunction leading to gut dysbiosis observed in patients with early jSpA. In addition, we highlight the role of MIF in the complex innate, adaptive cellular and main effector cytokine network, Finally, since treatment of advanced bone pathology in SpA remains an unmet clinical need, I suggest possible new drug targets with the aim to ultimately improve treatment efficacy and long-term outcome of jSpA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Harjacek
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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33
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Gentili M, Hidalgo-Garcia L, Vezza T, Ricci E, Migliorati G, Rodriguez-Nogales A, Riccardi C, Galvez J, Ronchetti S. A recombinant glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper protein ameliorates symptoms of dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis by improving intestinal permeability. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21950. [PMID: 34613638 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100778rrrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are chronic inflammatory disorders characterized by relapsing intestinal inflammation, but many details of pathogenesis remain to be fully unraveled. Glucocorticoid (GC)-induced leucine zipper (GILZ) is a mediator of the anti-inflammatory effects of GCs, the most powerful drugs for IBD treatment, but they cause several unwanted side effects. The fusion protein TAT-GILZ has been successfully used in some pre-clinical models of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. To test the efficacy of TAT-GILZ for treating dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis and explore its impact on the gut microbiome, colitis was induced by DSS in C57BL/6J mice and treated with TAT-GILZ or dexamethasone. Various hallmarks of colitis were analyzed, including disease activity index, gut permeability, and expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and tight junction proteins. TAT-GILZ treatment showed a therapeutic effect when administered after the onset of colitis. Its efficacy was associated with improved gut permeability, as evidenced by zonula occludens-1 and CD74 upregulation in inflamed colonic tissue. TAT-GILZ also ameliorated the changes in the gut microbiota induced by the DSS, thus potentially providing an optimal environment for colonization of the mucosa surface by beneficial bacteria. Overall, our results demonstrated for the first time that TAT-GILZ treatment proved effective after disease onset allowing restoration of gut permeability, a key pathogenic feature of colitis. Additionally, TAT-GILZ restored gut dysbiosis, thereby contributing to healing mechanisms. Interestingly, we found unprecedented effects of exogenous GILZ that did not overlap with those of GCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Gentili
- Pharmacology Division, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Laura Hidalgo-Garcia
- CIBER-EHD, Department of Pharmacology, ibs.GRANADA, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Teresa Vezza
- CIBER-EHD, Department of Pharmacology, ibs.GRANADA, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Erika Ricci
- Pharmacology Division, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Graziella Migliorati
- Pharmacology Division, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Alba Rodriguez-Nogales
- CIBER-EHD, Department of Pharmacology, ibs.GRANADA, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Carlo Riccardi
- Pharmacology Division, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Julio Galvez
- CIBER-EHD, Department of Pharmacology, ibs.GRANADA, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Simona Ronchetti
- Pharmacology Division, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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Master Regulators of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and WNT Signaling Pathways in Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibromas. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9091258. [PMID: 34572445 PMCID: PMC8469518 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) is a rare fibrovascular benign tumor showing an invasive growth pattern and affecting mainly male adolescents. We investigated the role of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and WNT signaling pathways in JNA. Gene expression profiles using nine JNA paired with four inferior nasal turbinate samples were interrogated using a customized 2.3K microarray platform containing genes mainly involved in EMT and WNT/PI3K pathways. The expression of selected genes (BCL2, CAV1, CD74, COL4A2, FZD7, ING1, LAMB1, and RAC2) and proteins (BCL2, CAV1, CD74, FZD7, RAF1, WNT5A, and WNT5B) was investigated by RT-qPCR (28 cases) and immunohistochemistry (40 cases), respectively. Among 104 differentially expressed genes, we found a significantly increased expression of COL4A2 and LAMB1 and a decreased expression of BCL2 and RAC2 by RT-qPCR. The immunohistochemistry analysis revealed a low expression of BCL2 and a negative to moderate expression of FZD7 in most samples, while increased CAV1 and RAF1 expression were detected. Moderate to strong CD74 protein expression was observed in endothelial and inflammatory cells. A significant number of JNAs (78%) presented reduced WNT5A and increased WNT5B expression. Overall, the transcript and protein profile indicated the involvement of EMT and WNT pathways in JNA. These candidates are promising druggable targets for treating JNA.
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35
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Klemke L, De Oliveira T, Witt D, Winkler N, Bohnenberger H, Bucala R, Conradi LC, Schulz-Heddergott R. Hsp90-stabilized MIF supports tumor progression via macrophage recruitment and angiogenesis in colorectal cancer. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:155. [PMID: 33542244 PMCID: PMC7862487 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03426-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is an upstream regulator of innate immunity, but its expression is increased in some cancers via stabilization with HSP90-associated chaperones. Here, we show that MIF stabilization is tumor-specific in an acute colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CRC) mouse model, leading to tumor-specific functions and selective therapeutic vulnerabilities. Therefore, we demonstrate that a Mif deletion reduced CRC tumor growth. Further, we define a dual role for MIF in CRC tumor progression. Mif deletion protects mice from inflammation-associated tumor initiation, confirming the action of MIF on host inflammatory pathways; however, macrophage recruitment, neoangiogenesis, and proliferative responses are reduced in Mif-deficient tumors once the tumors are established. Thus, during neoplastic transformation, the function of MIF switches from a proinflammatory cytokine to an angiogenesis promoting factor within our experimental model. Mechanistically, Mif-containing tumor cells regulate angiogenic gene expression via a MIF/CD74/MAPK axis in vitro. Clinical correlation studies of CRC patients show the shortest overall survival for patients with high MIF levels in combination with CD74 expression. Pharmacological inhibition of HSP90 to reduce MIF levels decreased tumor growth in vivo, and selectively reduced the growth of organoids derived from murine and human tumors without affecting organoids derived from healthy epithelial cells. Therefore, novel, clinically relevant Hsp90 inhibitors provide therapeutic selectivity by interfering with tumorigenic MIF in tumor epithelial cells but not in normal cells. Furthermore, Mif-depleted colonic tumor organoids showed growth defects compared to wild-type organoids and were less susceptible toward HSP90 inhibitor treatment. Our data support that tumor-specific stabilization of MIF promotes CRC progression and allows MIF to become a potential and selective therapeutic target in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Klemke
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tiago De Oliveira
- Department of General, Visceral, and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Daria Witt
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Nadine Winkler
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Richard Bucala
- Departments of Medicine, Pathology, and Epidemiology & Public Health, Yale School of Medicine and Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lena-Christin Conradi
- Department of General, Visceral, and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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36
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Gao J, Wu M, Wang F, Jiang L, Tian R, Zhu X, He S. CD74, a novel predictor for bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e23477. [PMID: 33235138 PMCID: PMC7710202 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000023477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) remains a major complication and accounts for high morbidity and mortality of preterm infants. The present study aimed to identify the key genes in the development of BPD and to provide some new insights into the pathogenesis of BPD. The GSE108754 dataset was downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus database containing 5 samples of BPD patients and 6 of non-BPD infants. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between BPD and non-BPD patients were identified by R software. The pathway and function enrichment analyses were performed through Database for Annotation Visualization and Integrated Discovery website. The protein-protein interaction network for DEGs was established by Cytoscape software and the most highly connected module was selected through MCODE plugin. Furthermore, the clinical sample verification among 25 BPD patients and 10 non-BPD infants was carried out in our center. Finally, based on the results above, the gene set enrichment analysis focusing on CD74 upregulated status was employed. Totally, 189 DEGs including 147 upregulated genes and 42 downregulated genes between BPD and non-BPD patients were screened out. The pathway and function enrichments revealed these DEGs were mainly enriched in asthma, intestinal immune network for IgA production, antigen processing and presentation and immune response. Thirteen DEGs (CD74, HLA-DMA, HLA-DRA, HLA-DMB, HLA-DOB, HLA-DQA1, HLA-DRB5, HLA-DPA1, HLA-DOA, HLA-DPB1, HLA-DQB2, HLA-DQA2, and HLA-DQB1) were determined as hub genes. The mRNA expression levels of the 13 hub genes were tested by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction among our clinical samples. Eventually, CD74 was confirmed to be the most significant highly expressed in BPD samples (P < .001) and its expression level was negatively correlated with gestational age (r = -0.653) and birth weight (r = -0.675). The gene set enrichment analysis results showed the gene sets associated with lupus erythematosus, viral myocarditis, immune network for IgA production, graft versus host disease, cell adhesion molecules and so no were differentially enriched with the phenotype of high-expression CD74. In conclusion, CD74 may serve to predict the BPD development and provide a new therapeutic target for BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyan Gao
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu
| | - Mingfu Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu
| | - Fudong Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu
| | - Lijun Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu
| | - Rui Tian
- Department of Pediatrics, The First People's Hospital of Kunming City, Kunming, Yunnan
| | - Xueping Zhu
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu
| | - Shan He
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu
- Department of Pediatrics, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Uddin MJ, Leslie JL, Petri WA. Host Protective Mechanisms to Intestinal Amebiasis. Trends Parasitol 2020; 37:165-175. [PMID: 33502317 PMCID: PMC7840892 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2020.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica is the causative agent of amebiasis, an infection that manifests as colitis and, in some cases, liver abscess. A better understanding of host protective factors is key to developing an effective remedy. Recently, significant advances have been made in understanding the mechanisms of MUC2 production by goblet cells upon amebic infection, regulation of antimicrobial peptide production by Paneth cells, the interaction of commensal microbiota with immune stimulation, and host genetics in conferring protection from amebiasis. In addition to host pathways that may serve as potential therapeutic targets, significant progress has also been made with respect to development of a vaccine against amebiasis. Here, we aim to highlight the current understanding and knowledge gaps critically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Jashim Uddin
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Jhansi L Leslie
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - William A Petri
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
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Farr L, Ghosh S, Moonah S. Role of MIF Cytokine/CD74 Receptor Pathway in Protecting Against Injury and Promoting Repair. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1273. [PMID: 32655566 PMCID: PMC7325688 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound healing after an injury is essential for life. An in-depth understanding of the healing process is necessary to ultimately improve the currently limited treatment options for patients suffering as a result of damage to various organs and tissues. Injuries, even the most minor, trigger an inflammatory response that protects the host and activates repair pathways. In recent years, substantial progress has been made in delineating the mechanisms by which inflammatory cytokines and their receptors facilitate tissue repair and regeneration. This mini review focuses on emerging literature on the role of the cytokine macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and its cell membrane receptor CD74, in protecting against injury and promoting healing in different parts of the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Farr
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Swagata Ghosh
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Shannon Moonah
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
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Hoffman JM, Rankin CR, Pothoulakis C. Here to Heal: Mucosal CD74 Signaling in Colitis. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 10:197-198. [PMID: 32220559 PMCID: PMC7296222 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2020.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Charalabos Pothoulakis
- Correspondence Address correspondence to: Charalabos Pothoulakis, MD, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095.
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