1
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Casper J, Schenk SH, Parhizkar E, Detampel P, Dehshahri A, Huwyler J. Polyethylenimine (PEI) in gene therapy: Current status and clinical applications. J Control Release 2023; 362:667-691. [PMID: 37666302 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Polyethlyenimine (PEI) was introduced 1995 as a cationic polymer for nucleic acid delivery. PEI and its derivatives are extensively used in basic research and as reference formulations in the field of polymer-based gene delivery. Despite its widespread use, the number of clinical applications to date is limited. Thus, this review aims to consolidate the past applications of PEI in DNA delivery, elucidate the obstacles that hinder its transition to clinical use, and highlight potential prospects for novel iterations of PEI derivatives. The present review article is divided into three sections. The first section examines the mechanism of action employed by PEI, examining fundamental aspects of cellular delivery including uptake mechanisms, release from endosomes, and transport into the cell nucleus, along with potential strategies for enhancing these delivery phases. Moreover, an in-depth analysis is conducted concerning the mechanism underlying cellular toxicity, accompanied with approaches to overcome this major challenge. The second part is devoted to the in vivo performance of PEI and its application in various therapeutic indications. While systemic administration has proven to be challenging, alternative localized delivery routes hold promise, such as treatment of solid tumors, application as a vaccine, or serving as a therapeutic agent for pulmonary delivery. In the last section, the outcome of completed and ongoing clinical trials is summarized. Finally, an expert opinion is provided on the potential of PEI and its future applications. PEI-based formulations for nucleic acid delivery have a promising potential, it will be an important task for the years to come to introduce innovations that address PEI-associated shortcomings by introducing well-designed PEI formulations in combination with an appropriate route of administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Casper
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Susanne H Schenk
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Elahehnaz Parhizkar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Pascal Detampel
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ali Dehshahri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Jörg Huwyler
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.
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2
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Malkawi WI, Laird NZ, Phruttiwanichakun P, Mohamed E, Elangovan S, Salem AK. Application of Lyophilized Gene-Delivery Formulations to Dental Implant Surfaces: Non-Cariogenic Lyoprotectant Preserves Transfection Activity of Polyplexes Long-Term. J Pharm Sci 2023; 112:83-90. [PMID: 36372226 PMCID: PMC9772140 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2022.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Titanium is the metal of choice for dental implants because of its biocompatibility and ability to merge with human bone tissue. Despite the great success rate of dental implants, early and late complications occur. Coating titanium dental implant surfaces with polyethyleneimine (PEI)-plasmid DNA (pDNA) polyplexes improve osseointegration by generating therapeutic protein expression at the implantation site. Lyophilization is an approach for stabilizing polyplexes and extending their shelf life; however, most lyoprotectants are sugars that can aid bacterial growth in the peri-implant environment. In our research, we coated titanium surfaces with polyplex solutions containing varying amounts of lyoprotectants. We used two common lyoprotectants (sucrose and polyvinylpyrrolidone K30) and showed for the first time that sucralose (a sucrose derivative used as an artificial sweetener) might act as a lyoprotectant for polyplex solutions. Human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293T cells were used to quantify the transfection efficiency and cytotoxicity of the polyplex/lyoprotectant formulations coating titanium surfaces. Polyplexes that were lyophilized in the presence of a lyoprotectant displayed both preserved particle size and high transfection efficiencies. Polyplexes lyophilized in 2% sucralose have maintained transfection efficacy for three years. These findings suggest that modifying dental implants with lyophilized polyplexes might improve their success rate in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walla I Malkawi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, United States
| | - Noah Z Laird
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, United States
| | - Pornpoj Phruttiwanichakun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, United States
| | - Esraa Mohamed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, United States
| | - Satheesh Elangovan
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, United States
| | - Aliasger K Salem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, United States.
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3
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Jiang Y, Fan M, Yang Z, Liu X, Xu Z, Liu S, Feng G, Tang S, Li Z, Zhang Y, Chen S, Yang C, Law WC, Dong B, Xu G, Yong KT. Recent advances in nanotechnology approaches for non-viral gene therapy. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:6862-6892. [PMID: 36222758 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01001a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy has shown great potential in the treatment of many diseases by downregulating the expression of certain genes. The development of gene vectors as a vehicle for gene therapy has greatly facilitated the widespread clinical application of nucleic acid materials (DNA, mRNA, siRNA, and miRNA). Currently, both viral and non-viral vectors are used as delivery systems of nucleic acid materials for gene therapy. However, viral vector-based gene therapy has several limitations, including immunogenicity and carcinogenesis caused by the exogenous viral vectors. To address these issues, non-viral nanocarrier-based gene therapy has been explored for superior performance with enhanced gene stability, high treatment efficiency, improved tumor-targeting, and better biocompatibility. In this review, we discuss various non-viral vector-mediated gene therapy approaches using multifunctional biodegradable or non-biodegradable nanocarriers, including polymer-based nanoparticles, lipid-based nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), quantum dots (QDs), silica nanoparticles, metal-based nanoparticles and two-dimensional nanocarriers. Various strategies to construct non-viral nanocarriers based on their delivery efficiency of targeted genes will be introduced. Subsequently, we discuss the cellular uptake pathways of non-viral nanocarriers. In addition, multifunctional gene therapy based on non-viral nanocarriers is summarized, in which the gene therapy can be combined with other treatments, such as photothermal therapy (PTT), photodynamic therapy (PDT), immunotherapy and chemotherapy. We also provide a comprehensive discussion of the biological toxicity and safety of non-viral vector-based gene therapy. Finally, the present limitations and challenges of non-viral nanocarriers for gene therapy in future clinical research are discussed, to promote wider clinical applications of non-viral vector-based gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihang Jiang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
| | - Miaozhuang Fan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
| | - Zhenxu Yang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia. .,The University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.,The Biophotonics and Mechanobioengineering Laboratory, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Xiaochen Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia. .,The University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.,The Biophotonics and Mechanobioengineering Laboratory, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Zhourui Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
| | - Shikang Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
| | - Gang Feng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
| | - Shuo Tang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
| | - Zhengzheng Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
| | - Yibin Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
| | - Shilin Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
| | - Chengbin Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
| | - Wing-Cheung Law
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Biqin Dong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Durability for Marine Civil Engineering, College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Gaixia Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
| | - Ken-Tye Yong
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia. .,The University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.,The Biophotonics and Mechanobioengineering Laboratory, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
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4
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Moncal KK, Yeo M, Celik N, Acri TM, Rizk E, Wee H, Lewis GS, Salem AK, Ozbolat IT. Comparison of in-situversus ex-situdelivery of polyethylenimine-BMP-2 polyplexes for rat calvarial defect repair via intraoperative bioprinting. Biofabrication 2022; 15:10.1088/1758-5090/ac9f70. [PMID: 36322966 PMCID: PMC10012389 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ac9f70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapeutic applications combined with bio- and nano-materials have been used to address current shortcomings in bone tissue engineering due to their feasibility, safety and potential capability for clinical translation. Delivery of non-viral vectors can be altered using gene-activated matrices to improve their efficacy to repair bone defects.Ex-situandin-situdelivery strategies are the most used methods for bone therapy, which have never been directly compared for their potency to repair critical-sized bone defects. In this regard, we first time explore the delivery of polyethylenimine (PEI) complexed plasmid DNA encoding bone morphogenetic protein-2 (PEI-pBMP-2) using the two delivery strategies,ex-situandin-situdelivery. To realize these gene delivery strategies, we employed intraoperative bioprinting (IOB), enabling us to 3D bioprint bone tissue constructs directly into defect sites in a surgical setting. Here, we demonstrated IOB of an osteogenic bioink loaded with PEI-pBMP-2 for thein-situdelivery approach, and PEI-pBMP-2 transfected rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells laden bioink for theex-situdelivery approach as alternative delivery strategies. We found thatin-situdelivery of PEI-pBMP-2 significantly improved bone tissue formation compared toex-situdelivery. Despite debates amongst individual advantages and disadvantages ofex-situandin-situdelivery strategies, our results ruled in favor of thein-situdelivery strategy, which could be desirable to use for future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazim K Moncal
- Engineering Science and Mechanics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
- Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Miji Yeo
- Engineering Science and Mechanics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
- Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
| | - Nazmiye Celik
- Engineering Science and Mechanics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
- Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
| | - Timothy M Acri
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, Collage of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States of America
| | - Elias Rizk
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Hwabok Wee
- Engineering Science and Mechanics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Penn State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Gregory S Lewis
- Engineering Science and Mechanics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Penn State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Aliasger K Salem
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, Collage of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States of America
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States of America
| | - Ibrahim T Ozbolat
- Engineering Science and Mechanics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
- Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States of America
- Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
- Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
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5
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Terteci-Popescu AE, Beu TA. Branched polyethyleneimine: CHARMM force field and molecular dynamics simulations. J Comput Chem 2022; 43:2072-2083. [PMID: 36169240 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.27005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Polyethyleneimine (PEI), one of the non-viral vectors of great interest for gene delivery, was investigated at all-atom level, with particular emphasis on its branched form. We report the extension of our previously published CHARMM force field (FF) for linear PEI, with parameters optimized specifically for branched configurations. A new residue type for the branch connector is introduced and the charges and bonded parameters are derived from ab initio calculations based on a model polymer. The new FF is validated by extensive molecular dynamics simulations of solvated branched PEIs of various protonation fractions and branch lengths. The gyration radii, end-to-end distances, and diffusion coefficients are compared with results for linear PEIs of similar molecular weights and protonation patterns. Solvated complexes of DNA with (linear/branched) PEI were also investigated to determine favorable attachment conformations. The parametrized atomistic force field is suitable for simulations of PEI with arbitrary branching pattern, protonation, and size, and is expected to provide relevant insights regarding optimal conditions for DNA-PEI complex formation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Titus Adrian Beu
- Faculty of Physics, Department of Biomolecular Physics, University Babeş-Bolyai, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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6
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Nadukkandy AS, Ganjoo E, Singh A, Dinesh Kumar L. Tracing New Landscapes in the Arena of Nanoparticle-Based Cancer Immunotherapy. FRONTIERS IN NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2022.911063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past two decades, unique and comprehensive cancer treatment has ushered new hope in the holistic management of the disease. Cancer immunotherapy, which harnesses the immune system of the patient to attack the cancer cells in a targeted manner, scores over others by being less debilitating compared to the existing treatment strategies. Significant advancements in the knowledge of immune surveillance in the last few decades have led to the development of several types of immune therapy like monoclonal antibodies, cancer vaccines, immune checkpoint inhibitors, T-cell transfer therapy or adoptive cell therapy (ACT) and immune system modulators. Intensive research has established cancer immunotherapy to be a safe and effective method for improving survival and the quality of a patient’s life. However, numerous issues with respect to site-specific delivery, resistance to immunotherapy, and escape of cancer cells from immune responses, need to be addressed for expanding and utilizing this therapy as a regular mode in the clinical treatment. Development in the field of nanotechnology has augmented the therapeutic efficiency of treatment modalities of immunotherapy. Nanocarriers could be used as vehicles because of their advantages such as increased surface areas, targeted delivery, controlled surface and release chemistry, enhanced permeation and retention effect, etc. They could enhance the function of immune cells by incorporating immunomodulatory agents that influence the tumor microenvironment, thus enabling antitumor immunity. Robust validation of the combined effect of nanotechnology and immunotherapy techniques in the clinics has paved the way for a better treatment option for cancer than the already existing procedures such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In this review, we discuss the current applications of nanoparticles in the development of ‘smart’ cancer immunotherapeutic agents like ACT, cancer vaccines, monoclonal antibodies, their site-specific delivery, and modulation of other endogenous immune cells. We also highlight the immense possibilities of using nanotechnology to accomplish leveraging the coordinated and adaptive immune system of a patient to tackle the complexity of treating unique disease conditions and provide future prospects in the field of cancer immunotherapy.
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7
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Wang J, Tao Z, Deng H, Cui Y, Xu Z, Lyu Q, Zhao J. Therapeutic implications of nanodrug and tissue engineering for retinal pigment epithelium-related diseases. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:5657-5677. [PMID: 35352082 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr08337f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), as a single layer of cells that performs multiple functions posteriorly in the eye, is a promising target site for the prevention and treatment of several clinical diseases, including proliferative diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, chorionic neovascularization, and retinitis pigmentosa. In recent decades, several nanodrug delivery platforms and tissue-engineered RPE have been widely developed to treat RPE-related diseases. This work summarizes the recent advances in nanoplatforms and tissue engineering scaffolds developed in these fields. The diseases associated with pathological RPE and their common therapy strategies are first introduced. Then, the recent progress made with a variety of drug delivery systems is presented, with an emphasis on the modification strategies of nanomaterials for targeted delivery. Tissue engineering-mediated RPE transplantation for treating these diseases is subsequently described. Finally, the clinical translation challenges in these fields are discussed in depth. This article will offer readers a better understanding of emerging nanotechnology and tissue engineering related to the treatment of RPE-related diseases and could facilitate their widespread use in experiments in vivo and in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Wang
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen Eye Hospital affiliated to Jinan University, School of Optometry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China.
| | - Zhengyang Tao
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen Eye Hospital affiliated to Jinan University, School of Optometry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China.
| | - Hongwei Deng
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen Eye Hospital affiliated to Jinan University, School of Optometry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China.
| | - Yubo Cui
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518020, China.
| | - Zhirong Xu
- Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121000, P.R. China
| | - Qinghua Lyu
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen Eye Hospital affiliated to Jinan University, School of Optometry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China.
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518020, China.
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8
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Huang X, Qiu M, Wang T, Li B, Zhang S, Zhang T, Liu P, Wang Q, Qian ZR, Zhu C, Wu M, Zhao J. Carrier-free multifunctional nanomedicine for intraperitoneal disseminated ovarian cancer therapy. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:93. [PMID: 35193583 PMCID: PMC8864853 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01300-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecological cancer which is characterized by extensive peritoneal implantation metastasis and malignant ascites. Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment in recent years, the five-year survival rate is only 25–30%. Therefore, developing multifunctional nanomedicine with abilities of promoting apoptosis and inhibiting migration on tumor cells would be a promising strategy to improve the antitumor effect. Methods and results In this study, we developed a novel ACaT nanomedicine composed of alendronate, calcium ions and cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7) inhibitor THZ1. With the average size of 164 nm and zeta potential of 12.4 mV, the spherical ACaT nanoparticles were selectively internalized by tumor cells and effectively accumulated in the tumor site. Results of RNA-sequencing and in vitro experiments showed that ACaT promoted tumor cell apoptosis and inhibited tumor cell migration by arresting the cell cycle, increasing ROS and affecting calcium homeostasis. Weekly intraperitoneally administered of ACaT for 8 cycles significantly inhibited the growth of tumor and prolonged the survival of intraperitoneal xenograft mice. Conclusion In summary, this study presents a new self-assembly nanomedicine with favorable tumor targeting, antitumor activity and good biocompatibility, providing a novel therapeutic strategy for advanced ovarian cancer. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12951-022-01300-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuyu Huang
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Miaojuan Qiu
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianqi Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Binbin Li
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiqiang Zhang
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianzhi Zhang
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Liu
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Wang
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Rong Qian
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengming Zhu
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Meiying Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jing Zhao
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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9
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D'Souza A, Burch A, Dave KM, Sreeram A, Reynolds MJ, Dobbins DX, Kamte YS, Zhao W, Sabatelle C, Joy GM, Soman V, Chandran UR, Shiva SS, Quillinan N, Herson PS, Manickam DS. Microvesicles transfer mitochondria and increase mitochondrial function in brain endothelial cells. J Control Release 2021; 338:505-526. [PMID: 34450196 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We have demonstrated, for the first time that microvesicles, a sub-type of extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from hCMEC/D3: a human brain endothelial cell (BEC) line transfer polarized mitochondria to recipient BECs in culture and to neurons in mice acute brain cortical and hippocampal slices. This mitochondrial transfer increased ATP levels by 100 to 200-fold (relative to untreated cells) in the recipient BECs exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation, an in vitro model of cerebral ischemia. We have also demonstrated that transfer of microvesicles, the larger EV fraction, but not exosomes resulted in increased mitochondrial function in hypoxic endothelial cultures. Gene ontology and pathway enrichment analysis of EVs revealed a very high association to glycolysis-related processes. In comparison to heterotypic macrophage-derived EVs, BEC-derived EVs demonstrated a greater selectivity to transfer mitochondria and increase endothelial cell survival under ischemic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anisha D'Souza
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Amelia Burch
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kandarp M Dave
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Michael J Reynolds
- Heart, Lung, Blood Vascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical School, PA, USA
| | - Duncan X Dobbins
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yashika S Kamte
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Wanzhu Zhao
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Courtney Sabatelle
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Gina M Joy
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Vishal Soman
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh Medical School, PA, USA
| | - Uma R Chandran
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh Medical School, PA, USA
| | - Sruti S Shiva
- Heart, Lung, Blood Vascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical School, PA, USA; Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, Pittsburgh Heart Lung Blood Vascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical School, PA, USA
| | - Nidia Quillinan
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Paco S Herson
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Devika S Manickam
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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10
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Muniyandi P, Palaninathan V, Mizuki T, Mohamed MS, Hanajiri T, Maekawa T. Scaffold mediated delivery of dual miRNAs to transdifferentiate cardiac fibroblasts. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 128:112323. [PMID: 34474874 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The standard scaffold-mediated delivery of drugs/biomolecules has been successful due to the unique attributes of scaffolds, specifically the electrospun polymeric scaffolds that mimic ECM are well suited for advanced regenerative applications. Cardiac tissue engineering includes the interpretation of cellular and molecular mechanisms concerning heart regeneration and identifying an efficient reprogramming strategy to overcome the limitation of delivery systems and enhance the reprogramming efficiency. This study is a step towards developing a functional scaffold through a parallel interpretation of electrospun PLLA scaffolds with two distinct topologies to achieve sustained delivery of two muscle-specific microRNAs (miR-1 and miR-133a) to directly reprogram the adult human cardiac fibroblasts into cardiomyocyte-like cells. Polyethyleneimine was used to form stable PEI-miRNA complexes through electrostatic interactions. These complexes were immobilized on the electrospun smooth and porous scaffolds, where a loading efficiency of ~96% for the fibronectin modified and ~38% for unmodified surfaces was observed, regardless of their surface topology. The in-vitro release experiment exhibited a biphasic release pattern of PEI-miRNA polyplexes from the scaffolds. These dual miRNA scaffold systems proved to be an excellent formulation since their combinatorial effect involving the topographic cues of electrospun fibers, and dual miRNAs helped control the cardiac fibroblast cell fate precisely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyadharshni Muniyandi
- Graduate School of Interdisciplinary New Science, Toyo University, 2100 Kujirai, Kawagoe, Saitama 3508585, Japan
| | - Vivekanandan Palaninathan
- Graduate School of Interdisciplinary New Science, Toyo University, 2100 Kujirai, Kawagoe, Saitama 3508585, Japan; Bio-Nano Electronics Research Centre, Toyo University, 2100 Kujirai, Kawagoe, Saitama 3508585, Japan.
| | - Toru Mizuki
- Graduate School of Interdisciplinary New Science, Toyo University, 2100 Kujirai, Kawagoe, Saitama 3508585, Japan; Bio-Nano Electronics Research Centre, Toyo University, 2100 Kujirai, Kawagoe, Saitama 3508585, Japan
| | - M Sheikh Mohamed
- Graduate School of Interdisciplinary New Science, Toyo University, 2100 Kujirai, Kawagoe, Saitama 3508585, Japan; Bio-Nano Electronics Research Centre, Toyo University, 2100 Kujirai, Kawagoe, Saitama 3508585, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Hanajiri
- Graduate School of Interdisciplinary New Science, Toyo University, 2100 Kujirai, Kawagoe, Saitama 3508585, Japan; Bio-Nano Electronics Research Centre, Toyo University, 2100 Kujirai, Kawagoe, Saitama 3508585, Japan
| | - Toru Maekawa
- Graduate School of Interdisciplinary New Science, Toyo University, 2100 Kujirai, Kawagoe, Saitama 3508585, Japan; Bio-Nano Electronics Research Centre, Toyo University, 2100 Kujirai, Kawagoe, Saitama 3508585, Japan
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11
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Gopal S, Osborne AE, Hock L, Zemianek J, Fang K, Gee G, Ghosh R, McNally D, Cramer SM, Dordick JS. Advancing a rapid, high throughput screening platform for optimization of lentivirus production. Biotechnol J 2021; 16:e2000621. [PMID: 34260824 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202000621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lentiviral vectors (LVVs) hold great promise as delivery tools for gene therapy and chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy. Their ability to target difficult to transfect cells and deliver genetic payloads that integrate into the host genome makes them ideal delivery candidates. However, several challenges remain to be addressed before LVVs are more widely used as therapeutics including low viral vector concentrations and the absence of suitable scale-up methods for large-scale production. To address these challenges, we have developed a high throughput microscale HEK293 suspension culture platform that enables rapid screening of conditions for improving LVV productivity. KEY RESULTS High density culture (40 million cells mL-1 ) of HEK293 suspension cells in commercially available media was achieved in microscale 96-deep well plate platform at liquid volumes of 200 μL. Comparable transfection and LVV production efficiencies were observed at the microscale, in conventional shake flasks and a 1-L bioreactor, indicating that significant scale-down does not affect LVV concentrations and predictivity of scale-up. Optimization of production step allowed for final yields of LVVs to reach 1.5 × 107 TU mL-1 . CONCLUSIONS The ability to test a large number of conditions simultaneously with minimal reagent use allows for the rapid optimization of LVV production in HEK293 suspension cells. Therefore, such a system may serve as a valuable tool in early stage process development and can be used as a screening tool to improve LVV concentrations for both batch and perfusion based systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Gopal
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA
| | - Adam E Osborne
- MassBiologics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Mattapan, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lindsay Hock
- MassBiologics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Mattapan, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jill Zemianek
- MassBiologics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Mattapan, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kun Fang
- MassBiologics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Mattapan, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gretchen Gee
- MassBiologics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Mattapan, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ronit Ghosh
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA
| | - David McNally
- MassBiologics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Mattapan, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Steven M Cramer
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Jonathan S Dordick
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA.,Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA
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12
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Zaszczyńska A, Moczulska-Heljak M, Gradys A, Sajkiewicz P. Advances in 3D Printing for Tissue Engineering. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:3149. [PMID: 34201163 PMCID: PMC8226963 DOI: 10.3390/ma14123149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering (TE) scaffolds have enormous significance for the possibility of regeneration of complex tissue structures or even whole organs. Three-dimensional (3D) printing techniques allow fabricating TE scaffolds, having an extremely complex structure, in a repeatable and precise manner. Moreover, they enable the easy application of computer-assisted methods to TE scaffold design. The latest additive manufacturing techniques open up opportunities not otherwise available. This study aimed to summarize the state-of-art field of 3D printing techniques in applications for tissue engineering with a focus on the latest advancements. The following topics are discussed: systematics of the available 3D printing techniques applied for TE scaffold fabrication; overview of 3D printable biomaterials and advancements in 3D-printing-assisted tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelika Zaszczyńska
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5b St., 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maryla Moczulska-Heljak
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5b St., 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Gradys
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5b St., 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Sajkiewicz
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5b St., 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
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13
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Gupta V, Lourenço SP, Hidalgo IJ. Development of Gene Therapy Vectors: Remaining Challenges. J Pharm Sci 2021; 110:1915-1920. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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14
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Terry TL, Givens BE, Adamcakova-Dodd A, Thorne PS, Rodgers VGJ, Salem AK. Encapsulating Polyethyleneimine-DNA Nanoplexes into PEGylated Biodegradable Microparticles Increases Transgene Expression In Vitro and Reduces Inflammatory Responses In Vivo. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021; 22:69. [PMID: 33565009 PMCID: PMC7872112 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-021-01932-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Encapsulating genetic material into biocompatible polymeric microparticles is a means to improving gene transfection while simultaneously decreasing the tendency for inflammatory responses; and can be advantageous in terms of delivering material directly to the lungs via aerosolization for applications such as vaccinations. In this study, we investigated the advantages of using polymeric microparticles carrying the luciferase reporter gene in increasing transfection efficiency in the readily transfectable HEK293 cell line and the difficult to transfect RAW264.7 cell line. The results indicated that there was a limit to the ratio of nitrogen in polyethylenimine (PEI) to phosphate in DNA (N/P ratio) beyond which further increases in transgene expression no longer, or only marginally, occurred. Microparticles encapsulating PEI:DNA nanoplexes induced cellular toxicity in a dose-dependent manner. PEGylation increased transgene expression, likely related to enhanced degradation of particles. Furthermore, intra-tracheal instillation in rats allowed us to investigate the inflammatory response in the lung as a function of PEGylation, porosity, and size. Porosity did not influence cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in the absence of PEG, but in particles containing PEG, non-porous particles recruited fewer inflammatory cells than their porous counterparts. Finally, both 1 μm and 10 μm porous PLA-PEG particles recruited more neutrophils than 4 μm particles. Thus, we have shown that PEGylation and lack of porosity are advantageous for faster release of genetic cargo from microparticles and a reduced inflammatory response, respectively.
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15
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Dave KM, Han L, Jackson MA, Kadlecik L, Duvall CL, S Manickam D. DNA Polyplexes of a Phosphorylcholine-Based Zwitterionic Polymer for Gene Delivery. Pharm Res 2020; 37:176. [PMID: 32860072 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-020-02899-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We tested polyplexes of a diblock polymer containing a pH-responsive, endosomolytic core (dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate and butyl methacrylate; DB) and a zwitterionic Poly (methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) (PMPC) corona for the delivery of plasmid DNA (pDNA) to glioblastoma cells. METHODS We studied the physicochemical characteristics of the DNA polyplexes such as particle hydrodynamic diameter and surface potential. Cytocompatibility of free PMPC-DB polymer and pDNA polyplexes with U-87MG and U-138MG glioma cell lines were evaluated using the ATP assay. The transfection activity of luciferase pDNA polyplexes was measured using a standard luciferase assay. Anti-proliferative, apoptotic, and cell migration inhibitory activities of PMPC-DB/Interferon-beta (IFN-β1) pDNA polyplexes were examined using ATP assay, flow cytometry, and wound closure assay, respectively. RESULTS PMPC-DB copolymer condensed pDNA into nanosized polyplexes. DNA polyplexes showed particle diameters ranging from ca. 100-150 nm with narrow polydispersity indices and near electroneutral zeta potential values. PMPC-DB/Luciferase pDNA polyplexes were safe and showed an 18-fold increase in luciferase expression compared to the gold standard PEI polyplexes in U-87MG cells. PMPC-DB/IFN-β1 polyplexes induced apoptosis, demonstrated anti-proliferative effects, and retarded cell migration in glioblastoma cells. CONCLUSION The results described herein should guide the future optimization of PMPC-DB/DNA delivery systems for in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kandarp M Dave
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15282, USA
| | - Linjiang Han
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15282, USA
| | - Meredith A Jackson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Lindsay Kadlecik
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15282, USA
| | - Craig L Duvall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Devika S Manickam
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15282, USA.
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16
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Rodier JT, Tripathi R, Fink MK, Sharma A, Korampally M, Gangopadhyay S, Giuliano EA, Sinha PR, Mohan RR. Linear Polyethylenimine-DNA Nanoconstruct for Corneal Gene Delivery. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2020; 35:23-31. [PMID: 30699061 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2018.0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated the efficiency and potential toxicity of a linear 22-kDa polyethylenimine (PEI)-DNA nanoconstruct for delivering genes to corneal cells and the effects of PEI nitrogen-to-DNA phosphate (N:P) ratio on gene transfer efficiency in vitro and in vivo. METHODS A gel retardation assay, zeta potential measurement, bright-field microscopy, transfection with green fluorescent protein (GFP), immunofluorescence, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to characterize the physicochemical and biological properties and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay for cytotoxicity of the linear PEI-DNA nanoconstruct using in vitro cultured primary human corneal fibroblast and in vivo mouse models. RESULTS Of the several evaluated N:P ratios, the highest gene transfection efficiency achieved without any notable cytotoxicity was observed at an N:P ratio of 30:1 (N:P 30). In vivo gene transfer studies revealed substantial GFP gene delivery into the corneas of mice 3 days after a single 5-min topical application without any significant adverse ocular effects. Slit-lamp biomicroscope ophthalmic examination of the mouse exposed to the linear PEI-DNA nanoconstruct showed no evidence of hyperemia (redness), corneal edema, ocular inflammation, or epiphora (excessive tearing). CONCLUSIONS The 22-kDa linear PEI-DNA nanoconstruct is an efficient and well-tolerated vector for corneal gene therapy in vitro and in vivo and could be used as a platform for developing novel gene-based nanomedicine approaches for corneal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason T Rodier
- 1 Research Divison, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri
- 2 Mason Eye Institute, School of Medicine & Vision, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Ratnakar Tripathi
- 1 Research Divison, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri
- 3 One-Health One-Medicine Ophthalmology Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Michael K Fink
- 1 Research Divison, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri
- 3 One-Health One-Medicine Ophthalmology Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Ajay Sharma
- 1 Research Divison, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri
- 3 One-Health One-Medicine Ophthalmology Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Madhuri Korampally
- 1 Research Divison, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri
- 4 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Shubhra Gangopadhyay
- 4 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Elizabeth A Giuliano
- 1 Research Divison, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri
- 3 One-Health One-Medicine Ophthalmology Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Prashant R Sinha
- 1 Research Divison, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri
- 3 One-Health One-Medicine Ophthalmology Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Rajiv R Mohan
- 1 Research Divison, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri
- 2 Mason Eye Institute, School of Medicine & Vision, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- 3 One-Health One-Medicine Ophthalmology Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
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17
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Ayyadevara VSSA, Roh KH. Calcium enhances polyplex-mediated transfection efficiency of plasmid DNA in Jurkat cells. Drug Deliv 2020; 27:805-815. [PMID: 32489110 PMCID: PMC8216448 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2020.1770371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Jurkat, an immortalized cell line derived from human leukemic T lymphocytes, has been employed as an excellent surrogate model of human primary T-cells for the advancement of T-cell biology and their applications in medicine. However, presumably due to its T-cell origin, Jurkat cells are very difficult to transfect. Thus, for the genetic modification of Jurkat cells, expensive and time-consuming viral vectors are normally required. Despite many previous efforts, non-viral vectors have not yet overcome the hurdles of low transfection efficiency and/or high toxicity in transfection of Jurkat cells. Here, we report that a simple addition of calcium ions (Ca2+) into culture media at optimal concentrations can enhance the efficiency of the polyplex-mediated transfection using poly(ethylene imine) (PEI) by up to 12-fold when compared to the polyplex-only control. We show that calcium enhances the association between polyplex and Jurkat, which is at least partially responsible for the increase in transmembrane delivery of polyplex and consequential enhancement in expression of transgene. Other cations, Mg2+ or Na+ did not show similar enhancement. Interestingly, addition of Ca2+ was rather detrimental for the transfection of lipoplex on Jurkat cells. Observation of significant enhancement in the transfection of non-viral vectors with a simple and physiologically relevant reagent like Ca2+ in the engineering of hard-to-transfect cells such as Jurkat warrants further investigation on similar strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kyung-Ho Roh
- Biotechnology Science and Engineering, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL, USA.,Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL, USA
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18
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Kim K, Ryu K, Cho H, Shim MS, Cho YY, Lee JY, Lee HS, Kang HC. Effects of Decomplexation Rates on Ternary Gene Complex Transfection with α-Poly(l-Lysine) or ε-Poly(l-Lysine) as a Decomplexation Controller in An Easy-To-Transfect Cell or A Hard-To-Transfect Cell. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12060490. [PMID: 32481637 PMCID: PMC7356167 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12060490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The tight binding of pDNA with a cationic polymer is the crucial requirement that prevents DNA degradation from undesired DNase attack to safely deliver the pDNA to its target site. However, cationic polymer-mediated strong gene holding limits pDNA dissociation from the gene complex, resulting in a reduction in transfection efficiency. In this study, to control the decomplexation rate of pDNA from the gene complex in a hard-to-transfect cell or an easy-to-transfect cell, either α-poly(l-lysine) (APL) or ε-poly(l-lysine) (EPL) was incorporated into branched polyethylenimine (bPEI)-based nanocomplexes (NCs). Compared to bPEI/pDNA NCs, the addition of APL or EPL formed smaller bPEI-APL/pDNA NCs with similar zeta potentials or larger bPEI-EPL/pDNA NCs with reduced zeta potentials, respectively, due to the different characteristics of the primary amines in the two poly(l-lysine)s (PLs). Interestingly, although both bPEI-APL/pDNA NCs and bPEI-EPL/pDNA NCs showed similar pDNA compactness to bPEI/pDNA NCs, the addition of APL or EPL resulted in slower or faster pDNA release, respectively, from the bPEI-PL/pDNA NCs than from the bPEI/pDNA NCs. bPEI-EPL/pDNA NCs with a decomplexation enhancer (i.e., EPL) improved the transfection efficiency (TE) in both a hard-to-transfect HepG2 cell and an easy-to-transfect HEK293 cell. However, although a decomplexation inhibitor (i.e., APL) reduced the TE of bPEI-APL/pDNA NCs in both cells, the degree of reduction in the TE could be compensated by PL-mediated enhanced nuclear delivery, particularly in HepG2 cells but not HEK293 cells, because both PLs facilitate nuclear localization of the gene complex per its cellular uptake. In conclusion, a decomplexation rate controller could be a potential factor to establish a high TE and design clinically available gene complex systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoungnam Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Korea; (K.K.); (K.R.); (H.C.); (Y.-Y.C.); (J.Y.L.); (H.S.L.)
| | - Kitae Ryu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Korea; (K.K.); (K.R.); (H.C.); (Y.-Y.C.); (J.Y.L.); (H.S.L.)
| | - Hana Cho
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Korea; (K.K.); (K.R.); (H.C.); (Y.-Y.C.); (J.Y.L.); (H.S.L.)
| | - Min Suk Shim
- Division of Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea;
| | - Yong-Yeon Cho
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Korea; (K.K.); (K.R.); (H.C.); (Y.-Y.C.); (J.Y.L.); (H.S.L.)
| | - Joo Young Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Korea; (K.K.); (K.R.); (H.C.); (Y.-Y.C.); (J.Y.L.); (H.S.L.)
| | - Hye Suk Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Korea; (K.K.); (K.R.); (H.C.); (Y.-Y.C.); (J.Y.L.); (H.S.L.)
| | - Han Chang Kang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Korea; (K.K.); (K.R.); (H.C.); (Y.-Y.C.); (J.Y.L.); (H.S.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2164-6533; Fax: +82-2-2164-4059
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Nie T, He Z, Zhu J, Liu L, Chen Y. One‐Pot Synthesis of PEGylated Lipoplexes to Facilitate Mucosal Permeation for Oral Insulin Gene Delivery. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202000016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tianqi Nie
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringSun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
- Center for Functional Biomaterialsand Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of EducationSun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Zhiyu He
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringSun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
- Center for Functional Biomaterialsand Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of EducationSun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Jinchang Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringWhiting School of EngineeringJohns Hopkins University Baltimore MD 21218 USA
| | - Lixin Liu
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringSun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
- Center for Functional Biomaterialsand Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of EducationSun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Yongming Chen
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringSun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
- Center for Functional Biomaterialsand Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of EducationSun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
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20
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Patiño Vargas MI, Mesa Cadavid M, Arenas Gómez CM, Diosa Arango J, Restrepo Múnera LM, Becerra Colorado NY. Polyplexes System to Enhance the LL-37 Antimicrobial Peptide Expression in Human Skin Cells. Tissue Eng Part A 2020; 26:400-410. [PMID: 31805827 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2019.0196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inefficient autologous tissue recovery in diverse skin injuries increases the susceptibility of patients to infections caused by multiresistant microorganisms, resulting in a high mortality rate. Nonviral transfection is an attractive alternative for these patients, where genetically modified cells incorporated into skin substitutes could release additional antimicrobial agents into the native skin. In this work, we have modulated the conditions of using a nonviral system for transfection of primary human keratinocytes and fibroblasts, consisting of a polymer/plasmid DNA (pDNA) complex called polyplex and its effects on the expression of LL-37 antimicrobial peptide. Linear and branched polyethylenimine (PEI) polymers in different weight concentrations were varied for evaluating the formation and colloidal characteristics of the polyplexes. The PEI/pDNA polyplexes with 19 nitrogen/phosphate ratio are nanometric particles (400 and 250 nm with linear and branched PEI, respectively) exhibiting positive surface (+30 ± 2 mV). Both kinds of polyplexes allowed the expression of a reporter gene and increased the human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide gene expression in transfected keratinocytes and fibroblasts; however, greater cytotoxicity was observed when polyplexes formed with branched PEI were used. Moreover, cell culture supernatants from transfected cells with linear PEI/pDNA polyplexes showed enhanced antimicrobial activity (decrease of bacterial growth in 95.8%) against a Staphylococcus aureus strain in vitro. The study of the PEI/pDNA polyplexes formation allowed us to develop an improved transfection strategy of skin cells, promoting the production of LL-37 antimicrobial peptide. In the future, this strategy could be used for the construction of skin substitutes to prevent, reduce, or eliminate bacterial infections. Impact statement The results of this study contribute to the understanding of the polyplexes system in the genetic modification of skin cells and its effects on the expression of the LL-37 antimicrobial peptide. In the future, three-dimensional skin substitutes built with these cells could be an efficient way to decrease bacterial growth and prevent the infections in skin wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Isabel Patiño Vargas
- Tissue Engineering and Cell Therapy Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Mónica Mesa Cadavid
- Materials Science Group, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, The University Research Headquarters (SIU), University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Claudia Marcela Arenas Gómez
- Marine Biological Laboratory, Eugene Bell Center for Regenerative Biology and Tissue Engineering, Woods Hole, Massachusetts
| | - Johnatan Diosa Arango
- Materials Science Group, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, The University Research Headquarters (SIU), University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Luz Marina Restrepo Múnera
- Tissue Engineering and Cell Therapy Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
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21
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Liu B, Ianosi-Irimie M, Thayumanavan S. Reversible Click Chemistry for Ultrafast and Quantitative Formation of Protein-Polymer Nanoassembly and Intracellular Protein Delivery. ACS NANO 2019; 13:9408-9420. [PMID: 31335116 PMCID: PMC6713578 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b04198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Construction of polymer-protein nanoassemblies is a challenge as reactions between macromolecules, especially those involving proteins, are inherently inefficient due to the sparse reactive functional groups and low concentration requirements. We address this challenge using an ultrafast and reversible click reaction, which forms the basis for a covalent self-assembly strategy between side-chain functionalized polymers and surface-modified proteins. The linkers in the assembly have been programmed to release the incarcerated proteins in its native form, only when subjected to the presence of a specific trigger. The generality and the versatility of the approach have been demonstrated by showing that this strategy can be used for proteins of different sizes and isoelectric points. Moreover, simple modifications in the linker chemistry offers the ability to trigger these assemblies with various chemical inputs. Efficient formation of nanoassemblies based on polymer-protein conjugates has implications in a variety of areas at the interface of chemistry with materials and biology, such as in the generation of active surfaces and in delivery of biologics. As a demonstration of utility in the latter, we have shown that these conjugates can be used to transport functional proteins across cellular membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | | | - S. Thayumanavan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
- Center for Bioactive Delivery, Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
- Corresponding Author:
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22
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Nie T, He Z, Zhou Y, Zhu J, Chen K, Liu L, Leong KW, Mao HQ, Chen Y. Surface Coating Approach to Overcome Mucosal Entrapment of DNA Nanoparticles for Oral Gene Delivery of Glucagon-like Peptide 1. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:29593-29603. [PMID: 31348859 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b10294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Oral delivery of nucleic acid therapy is a promising strategy in treating various diseases because of its higher patient compliance and therapeutic efficiency compared to parenteral routes of administration. However, its success has been limited by the low transfection efficiency resulting from nucleic acid entrapment in the mucus layer and epithelial barrier of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Herein, we describe an approach to overcome this phenomenon and improve oral DNA delivery in the context of treating type II diabetes (T2D). Linear PEI (lPEI) was used as a carrier to form complexes with plasmid DNA encoding glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), a common target in T2D treatments. These nanoparticles were then coated with a mixture of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) and 1,2-dimyristoyl-rac-glycero-3-methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-2000 (DMG-PEG) to render the nanoparticle surface hydrophilic and electrostatically neutral. The surface-modified lPEI/DNA nanoparticles showed higher diffusivity and transport in the mucus layer of the GI tract and mediated high levels of transfection efficiency in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, these modified nanoparticles demonstrated high levels of GLP-1 expression for more than 24 h in the liver, lungs, and intestine in a T2D murine model after a single dose, as well as controlled blood glucose levels within a normal range for at least 18 h with repeatable therapeutic effects upon multiple dosages. Taken together, this work demonstrates the feasibility of an oral plasmid DNA delivery approach in the treatment of T2D through a facile surface modification to improve the mucus permeability and delivery efficiency of the nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Kam W Leong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering , Columbia University , New York , New York 10027 , United States
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23
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Akkouch A, Zhu M, Romero-Bustillos M, Eliason S, Qian F, Salem AK, Amendt BA, Hong L. MicroRNA-200c Attenuates Periodontitis by Modulating Proinflammatory and Osteoclastogenic Mediators. Stem Cells Dev 2019; 28:1026-1036. [PMID: 31017046 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2019.0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This study tested whether microRNA (miR)-200c can attenuate the inflammation and alveolar bone resorption in periodontitis by using an in vitro and a rat model. Polyethylenimine (PEI) was used to facilitate the transfection of plasmid DNA encoding miR-200c into primary human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) and gingival tissues of rats. We first analyzed how proinflammatory and osteoclastogenic mediators in HGFs with overexpression of miR-200c responded to Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (LPS-PG) challenge in vitro. We observed that overexpression of miR-200c significantly reduced interleukin (IL)-6 and 8 and repressed interferon-related developmental regulator-1 (IFRD1) in HGFs. miR-200c also downregulated p65 and p50. In a rat model of periodontitis induced by an LPS injection at the gingival sulcus of the second maxillary molar (M2), we analyzed how the mediators in rat gingiva and alveolar bone resorption responded to miR-200c treatment by a local injection of PEI-plasmid miR-200 nanoplexes. We observed that the local injection of miR-200c significantly upregulated miR-200c expression in gingiva and reduced IL-6, IL-8, IFRD1, and the ratio of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand/osteoprotegerin. Using micro-computed tomography analysis and histomorphometry, we further confirmed that local treatment with miR-200c effectively protected alveolar bone resorption in the rat model of periodontitis by reducing the distance between the cemento-enamel junction and the alveolar bone crest and the inter-radicular space in the upper maxilla at M2. These findings imply that miR-200c may serve as a unique means to prevent periodontitis and associated bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adil Akkouch
- 1Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Min Zhu
- 1Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | | | - Steven Eliason
- 3Center for Craniofacial Anomalies Research, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.,4Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Fang Qian
- 1Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Aliasger K Salem
- 5Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Brad A Amendt
- 1Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.,3Center for Craniofacial Anomalies Research, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.,4Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Liu Hong
- 1Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.,3Center for Craniofacial Anomalies Research, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
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24
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Wilson DR, Rui Y, Siddiq K, Routkevitch D, Green JJ. Differentially Branched Ester Amine Quadpolymers with Amphiphilic and pH-Sensitive Properties for Efficient Plasmid DNA Delivery. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:655-668. [PMID: 30615464 PMCID: PMC7297465 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Development of highly effective nonviral gene delivery vectors for transfection of diverse cell populations remains a challenge despite utilization of both rational and combinatorial driven approaches to nanoparticle engineering. In this work, multifunctional polyesters are synthesized with well-defined branching structures via A2 + B2/B3 + C1 Michael addition reactions from small molecule acrylate and amine monomers and then end-capped with amine-containing small molecules to assess the influence of polymer branching structure on transfection. These Branched poly(Ester Amine) Quadpolymers (BEAQs) are highly effective for delivery of plasmid DNA to retinal pigment epithelial cells and demonstrate multiple improvements over previously reported leading linear poly(beta-amino ester)s, particularly for volume-limited applications where improved efficiency is required. BEAQs with moderate degrees of branching are demonstrated to be optimal for delivery under high serum conditions and low nanoparticle doses further relevant for therapeutic gene delivery applications. Defined structural properties of each polymer in the series, including tertiary amine content, correlated with cellular transfection efficacy and viability. Trends that can be applied to the rational design of future generations of biodegradable polymers are elucidated.
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25
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Terry TL, Givens BE, Rodgers VGJ, Salem AK. Tunable Properties of Poly-DL-Lactide-Monomethoxypolyethylene Glycol Porous Microparticles for Sustained Release of Polyethylenimine-DNA Polyplexes. AAPS PharmSciTech 2019; 20:23. [PMID: 30604270 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-018-1215-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Direct pulmonary delivery is a promising step in developing effective gene therapies for respiratory disease. Gene therapies can be used to treat the root cause of diseases, rather than just the symptoms. However, developing effective therapies that do not cause toxicity and that successfully reach the target site at therapeutic levels is challenging. We have developed a polymer-DNA complex utilizing polyethylene imine (PEI) and DNA, which was then encapsulated into poly(lactic acid)-co-monomethoxy poly(ethylene glycol) (PLA-mPEG) microparticles via double emulsion, solvent evaporation. Then, the resultant particle size, porosity, and encapsulation efficiency were measured as a function of altering preparation parameters. Microsphere formation was confirmed from scanning electron micrographs and the aerodynamic particle diameter was measured using an aerodynamic particle sizer. Several formulations produced particles with aerodynamic diameters in the 0-5 μm range despite having larger particle diameters which is indicative of porous particles. Furthermore, these aerodynamic diameters correspond to high deposition within the airways when inhaled and the measured DNA content indicated high encapsulation efficiency. Thus, this formulation provides promise for developing inhalable gene therapies.
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26
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Cook AB, Peltier R, Zhang J, Gurnani P, Tanaka J, Burns JA, Dallmann R, Hartlieb M, Perrier S. Hyperbranched poly(ethylenimine-co-oxazoline) by thiol–yne chemistry for non-viral gene delivery: investigating the role of polymer architecture. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py01648h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis of long-chain hyperbranched poly(ethylenimine-co-oxazoline)s by AB2 thiol–yne chemistry is reported, and their application as pDNA transfection agents studied.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raoul Peltier
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Warwick
- Coventry
- UK
| | | | | | - Joji Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Warwick
- Coventry
- UK
| | - James A. Burns
- Syngenta
- Jealott's Hill International Research Centre
- Bracknell
- Berkshire
- UK
| | | | | | - Sébastien Perrier
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Warwick
- Coventry
- UK
- Warwick Medical School
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27
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Hajifathaliha F, Mahboubi A, Nematollahi L, Mohit E, Bolourchian N. Comparison of different cationic polymers efficacy in fabrication of alginate multilayer microcapsules. Asian J Pharm Sci 2018; 15:95-103. [PMID: 32175021 PMCID: PMC7066046 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2018.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In past decades, alginate-based multilayer microcapsules have been given important attention in various pharmaceutical investigations. Alginate-poly l lysine-alginate (APA) is studied the most. Due to the similarity between the structure of polyethyleneimine (PEI) and poly-L-lysine (PLL) and also lower price of PEI than PLL, this study was conducted to compare the efficacy of linear (LPEI) and branch (BPEI) forms of PEI with PLL as covering layers in fabrication of microcapsules. The microcapsules were fabricated using electrostatic bead generator and their shape/size, surface roughness, mechanical strength, and interlayer interactions were also investigated using optical microscopy, AFM, explosion test and FTIR, respectively. Furthermore, cytotoxicity was evaluated by comparing the two anionic final covering layers alginate (Alg) and sodium cellulose sulphate (NCS) using MTT test. BPEI was excluded from the rest of the study due to its less capacity to strengthen the microcapsules and also the aggregation of the resultant alginate-BPEI-alginate microcapsules, while LPEI showed properties similar to PLL. MTT test also showed that NCS has no superiority over Alg as final covering layer. Therefore, it is concluded that, LPEI could be considered as a more cost effective alternative to PLL and a promising subject for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Hajifathaliha
- Food Safety Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1991953381, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1991953381, Iran
| | - Arash Mahboubi
- Food Safety Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1991953381, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1991953381, Iran
| | - Leila Nematollahi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 1316943551, Iran
| | - Elham Mohit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1991953381, Iran
| | - Noushin Bolourchian
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1991953381, Iran
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28
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Givens BE, Naguib YW, Geary SM, Devor EJ, Salem AK. Nanoparticle-Based Delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 Genome-Editing Therapeutics. AAPS J 2018; 20:108. [PMID: 30306365 PMCID: PMC6398936 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-018-0267-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent progress in harnessing the efficient and precise method of DNA editing provided by CRISPR/Cas9 is one of the most promising major advances in the field of gene therapy. However, the development of safe and optimally efficient delivery systems for CRISPR/Cas9 elements capable of achieving specific targeting of gene therapy to the location of interest without off-target effects is a primary challenge for clinical therapeutics. Nanoparticles (NPs) provide a promising means to meet such challenges. In this review, we present the most recent advances in developing innovative NP-based delivery systems that efficiently deliver CRISPR/Cas9 constructs and maximize their effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany E Givens
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, USA
| | - Youssef W Naguib
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt
| | - Sean M Geary
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, USA
| | - Eric J Devor
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, USA
| | - Aliasger K Salem
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, USA.
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, USA.
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29
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Basso J, Miranda A, Nunes S, Cova T, Sousa J, Vitorino C, Pais A. Hydrogel-Based Drug Delivery Nanosystems for the Treatment of Brain Tumors. Gels 2018; 4:E62. [PMID: 30674838 PMCID: PMC6209281 DOI: 10.3390/gels4030062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy is commonly associated with limited effectiveness and unwanted side effects in normal cells and tissues, due to the lack of specificity of therapeutic agents to cancer cells when systemically administered. In brain tumors, the existence of both physiological barriers that protect tumor cells and complex resistance mechanisms to anticancer drugs are additional obstacles that hamper a successful course of chemotherapy, thus resulting in high treatment failure rates. Several potential surrogate therapies have been developed so far. In this context, hydrogel-based systems incorporating nanostructured drug delivery systems (DDS) and hydrogel nanoparticles, also denoted nanogels, have arisen as a more effective and safer strategy than conventional chemotherapeutic regimens. The former, as a local delivery approach, have the ability to confine the release of anticancer drugs near tumor cells over a long period of time, without compromising healthy cells and tissues. Yet, the latter may be systemically administered and provide both loading and targeting properties in their own framework, thus identifying and efficiently killing tumor cells. Overall, this review focuses on the application of hydrogel matrices containing nanostructured DDS and hydrogel nanoparticles as potential and promising strategies for the treatment and diagnosis of glioblastoma and other types of brain cancer. Some aspects pertaining to computational studies are finally addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Basso
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3000-354, Portugal.
- Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3004-504, Portugal.
| | - Ana Miranda
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3000-354, Portugal.
- Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3004-504, Portugal.
| | - Sandra Nunes
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3004-535, Portugal.
| | - Tânia Cova
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3004-535, Portugal.
| | - João Sousa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3000-354, Portugal.
- LAQV REQUIMTE, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Porto 4051-401, Portugal.
| | - Carla Vitorino
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3000-354, Portugal.
- Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3004-504, Portugal.
- LAQV REQUIMTE, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Porto 4051-401, Portugal.
| | - Alberto Pais
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3004-535, Portugal.
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30
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Wu P, Chen H, Jin R, Weng T, Ho JK, You C, Zhang L, Wang X, Han C. Non-viral gene delivery systems for tissue repair and regeneration. J Transl Med 2018; 16:29. [PMID: 29448962 PMCID: PMC5815227 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1402-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Critical tissue defects frequently result from trauma, burns, chronic wounds and/or surgery. The ideal treatment for such tissue loss is autografting, but donor sites are often limited. Tissue engineering (TE) is an inspiring alternative for tissue repair and regeneration (TRR). One of the current state-of-the-art methods for TRR is gene therapy. Non-viral gene delivery systems (nVGDS) have great potential for TE and have several advantages over viral delivery including lower immunogenicity and toxicity, better cell specificity, better modifiability, and higher productivity. However, there is no ideal nVGDS for TRR, hence, there is widespread research to improve their properties. This review introduces the basic principles and key aspects of commonly-used nVGDSs. We focus on recent advances in their applications, current challenges, and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Wu
- Department of Burns & Wound Care Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Haojiao Chen
- Department of Burns & Wound Care Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Ronghua Jin
- Department of Burns & Wound Care Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Tingting Weng
- Department of Burns & Wound Care Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Jon Kee Ho
- Department of Burns & Wound Care Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Chuangang You
- Department of Burns & Wound Care Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Liping Zhang
- Department of Burns & Wound Care Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Xingang Wang
- Department of Burns & Wound Care Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
| | - Chunmao Han
- Department of Burns & Wound Care Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
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31
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Wang H, Li X, Chen L, Huang X, Li L. Cationic starch/pDNA nanocomplexes assembly and their nanostructure changes on gene transfection efficiency. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14844. [PMID: 29093552 PMCID: PMC5665959 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14551-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims at developing biocompatible starch based gene carriers with good gene delivery and transfection efficacy. By controlling the molecular weight and aggregation behavior of spermine modified cationic starch (CS) molecules, nanocomplexes spontaneously formed through electrostatic interaction using CS and plasmid pAcGFP1-C1 (pDNA) displaying different structural changes (particle size, zeta potential, shape, compactness) response to the simulated intracellular pH variation. Results indicated that CS2 with weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 6.337 × 104 g/mol displayed relatively higher transfection efficacy (~30%) in HepG2 cells than others and revealed significantly low cytotoxicity. By simulating the intracellular pH variation, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) results demonstrated that CS2 could bind to pDNA tightly and form nanocomplexes with smaller and compact internal aggregate structure at acidic conditions, which facilitated the effective pDNA protection under endosome pH change, while larger and loose internal aggregate structure at physiological pH which promoted the disintegration of CS2/pDNA nanocomplexes. Therefore, CS with suitable Mw of around 6.0 × 104 g/mol represents a potential gene carrier for gene delivery. This study also demonstrated that controlling the internal nanostructure change of polymer/gene nanocomplexes could provide guidance in designing effective starch based gene carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Wang
- Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Starch & Protein Processing, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Xiaoxi Li
- Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Starch & Protein Processing, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Ling Chen
- Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Starch & Protein Processing, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Xiaoyi Huang
- Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Starch & Protein Processing, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China. .,CAS Lamvac Biotech Co., Ltd., No.3, Lanyue Road, Guangzhou Science Park, Guangzhou Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510663, China.
| | - Lin Li
- Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Starch & Protein Processing, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
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32
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Shin SH, Bae YE, Moon HK, Kim J, Choi SH, Kim Y, Yoon HJ, Lee MH, Nah J. Formation of Triboelectric Series via Atomic-Level Surface Functionalization for Triboelectric Energy Harvesting. ACS NANO 2017; 11:6131-6138. [PMID: 28558185 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b02156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Triboelectric charging involves frictional contact of two different materials, and their contact electrification usually relies on polarity difference in the triboelectric series. This limits the choices of materials for triboelectric contact pairs, hindering research and development of energy harvest devices utilizing triboelectric effect. A progressive approach to resolve this issue involves modification of chemical structures of materials for effectively engineering their triboelectric properties. Here, we describe a facile method to change triboelectric property of a polymeric surface via atomic-level chemical functionalizations using a series of halogens and amines, which allows a wide spectrum of triboelectric series over single material. Using this method, tunable triboelectric output power density is demonstrated in triboelectric generators. Furthermore, molecular-scale calculation using density functional theory unveils that electrons transferred through electrification are occupying the PET group rather than the surface functional group. The work introduced here would open the ability to tune triboelectric property of materials by chemical modification of surface and facilitate the development of energy harvesting devices and sensors exploiting triboelectric effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Ho Shin
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Chungnam National University , Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | | | - Hyun Kyung Moon
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University , Seoul 02841, Korea
| | | | | | | | - Hyo Jae Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University , Seoul 02841, Korea
| | | | - Junghyo Nah
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Chungnam National University , Daejeon 34134, Korea
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33
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Hall A, Lächelt U, Bartek J, Wagner E, Moghimi SM. Polyplex Evolution: Understanding Biology, Optimizing Performance. Mol Ther 2017; 25:1476-1490. [PMID: 28274797 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2017.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyethylenimine (PEI) is a gold standard polycationic transfectant. However, the highly efficient transfecting activity of PEI and many of its derivatives is accompanied by serious cytotoxic complications and safety concerns at innate immune levels, which impedes the development of therapeutic polycationic nucleic acid carriers in general and their clinical applications. In recent years, the dilemma between transfection efficacy and adverse PEI activities has been addressed from in-depth investigations of cellular processes during transfection and elucidation of molecular mechanisms of PEI-mediated toxicity and translation of these integrated events to chemical engineering of novel PEI derivatives with an improved benefit-to-risk ratio. This review addresses these perspectives and discusses molecular events pertaining to dynamic and multifaceted PEI-mediated cytotoxicity, including membrane destabilization, mitochondrial dysfunction, and perturbations of glycolytic flux and redox homeostasis as well as chemical strategies for the generation of better tolerated polycations. We further examine the effect of PEI and its derivatives on complement activation and interaction with Toll-like receptors. These perspectives are intended to lay the foundation for an improved understanding of interlinked mechanisms controlling transfection and toxicity and their translation for improved engineering of polycation-based transfectants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaldur Hall
- Genome Integrity Unit, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ulrich Lächelt
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany; Nanosystems Initiative Munich, 80799 Munich, Germany
| | - Jiri Bartek
- Genome Integrity Unit, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institute, 171 65 Solna, Sweden
| | - Ernst Wagner
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany; Nanosystems Initiative Munich, 80799 Munich, Germany.
| | - Seyed Moein Moghimi
- School of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University, Queen's Campus, Stockton-on-Tees TS17 6BH, UK.
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Effect of sustained PDGF nonviral gene delivery on repair of tooth-supporting bone defects. Gene Ther 2016; 24:31-39. [PMID: 27824330 PMCID: PMC5269540 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2016.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2016] [Revised: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor-BB (rhPDGF-BB) promotes soft tissue and bone healing, and is Food and Drug Administration-approved for treatment of diabetic ulcers and periodontal defects. The short half-life of topical rhPDGF-BB protein application necessitates bolus, high-dose delivery. Gene therapy enables sustained local growth factor production. A novel gene activated matrix delivering polyplexes of polyethylenimine (PEI)-plasmid DNA encoding PDGF was evaluated for promotion of periodontal wound repair in vivo. PEI-pPDGF-B polyplexes were tested in human periodontal ligament fibroblasts and human gingival fibroblasts for cell viability and transfection efficiency. Collagen scaffolds containing PEI-pPDGF-B polyplexes at two doses, rhPDGF-BB, PEI vector or collagen alone were randomly delivered to experimentally induced tooth-supporting periodontal defects in a rodent model. Mandibulae were collected at 21 days for histologic observation and histomorphometry. PEI-pPDGF-B polyplexes were biocompatible to cells tested and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay confirmed the functionality of transfection. Significantly greater osteogenesis was observed for collagen alone and rhPDGF-BB versus the PEI-containing groups. Defects treated with sustained PDGF gene delivery demonstrated delayed healing coupled with sustained inflammatory cell infiltrates lateral to the osseous defects. Continuous PDGF-BB production by nonviral gene therapy could have delayed bone healing. This nonviral gene delivery system in this model appeared to prolong inflammatory response, slowing alveolar bone regeneration in vivo.
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Janus effects of ADAR1 on CVB3-induced viral myocarditis at different infection stages. Int J Cardiol 2016; 223:898-905. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.08.315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Atluri K, Lee J, Seabold D, Elangovan S, Salem AK. Gene-Activated Titanium Surfaces Promote In Vitro Osteogenesis. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2016; 32:e83–e96. [PMID: 27706263 DOI: 10.11607/jomi.5026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Commercially pure titanium (CpTi) and its alloys possess favorable mechanical and biologic properties for use as implants in orthopedics and dentistry. However, failures in osseointegration still exist and are common in select individuals with risk factors such as smoking. Therefore, in this study, a proposal was made to enhance the potential for osseointegration of CpTi discs by coating their surfaces with nanoplexes comprising polyethylenimine (PEI) and plasmid DNA (pDNA) encoding bone morphogenetic protein-2 (pBMP-2). MATERIALS AND METHODS The nanoplexes were characterized for size and surface charge with a range of N/P ratios (the molar ratio of amine groups of PEI to phosphate groups in pDNA backbone). CpTi discs were surface characterized for morphology and composition before and after nanoplex coating using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). The cytotoxicity and transfection ability of CpTi discs coated with nanoplexes of varying N/P ratios in human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) was measured via MTS assays and flow cytometry, respectively. RESULTS The CpTi discs coated with nanoplexes prepared at an N/P ratio of 10 (N/P-10) were considered optimal, resulting in 75% cell viability and 14% transfection efficiency. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results demonstrated a significant enhancement in BMP-2 protein secretion by BMSCs 7 days posttreatment with PEI/pBMP-2 nanoplexes (N/P-10) compared to the controls, and real-time PCR data demonstrated that the BMSCs treated with PEI/pBMP-2 nanoplex-coated CpTi discs resulted in an enhancement of Runx-2, alkaline phosphatase, and osteocalcin gene expressions on day 7 posttreatment. In addition, these BMSCs demonstrated enhanced calcium deposition on day 30 posttreatment as determined by qualitative (alizarin red staining) and quantitative (atomic absorption spectroscopy) assays. CONCLUSION It can be concluded that PEI/pBMP-2 nanoplex (N/P-10)-coated CpTi discs have the potential to induce osteogenesis and enhance osseointegration.
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Song C, Noh YW, Lim YT. Polymer nanoparticles for cross-presentation of exogenous antigens and enhanced cytotoxic T-lymphocyte immune response. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:3753-64. [PMID: 27540289 PMCID: PMC4981168 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s110796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective induction of an antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) immune response is one of the key goals of cancer immunotherapy. We report the design and fabrication of polyethylenimine (PEI)-coated polymer nanoparticles (NPs) as efficient antigen-delivery carriers that can induce antigen cross-presentation and a strong CTL response. After synthesis of poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) NPs containing ovalbumin (OVA) by the double-emulsion solvent-evaporation method, cationic-charged PLGA NPs were generated by coating them with PEI. In a methyl tetrazolium salt assay, no discernible cytotoxic effect of PEI-coated PLGA (OVA) NPs was observed. The capacity and mechanism of PEI-coated PLGA (OVA) NPs for antigen delivery and cross-presentation on dendritic cells (DCs) were determined by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. PEI-coated PLGA (OVA) NPs were internalized efficiently via phagocytosis or macropinocytosis in DCs and induced efficient cross-presentation of the antigen on MHC class I molecules via both endosome escape and a lysosomal processing mechanism. The DCs treated with PEI-coated PLGA (OVA) NPs induced a release of IL-2 cytokine from OVA-specific CD8-OVA1.3 T cells more efficiently than DCs treated with PLGA (OVA) NPs. Therefore, the PEI-coated PLGA (OVA) NPs can induce antigen cross-presentation and are expected to be used for induction of a strong CTL immune response and for efficient anticancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanyoung Song
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Young-Woock Noh
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Yong Taik Lim
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
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Lü JM, Liang Z, Wang X, Gu J, Yao Q, Chen C. New polymer of lactic-co-glycolic acid-modified polyethylenimine for nucleic acid delivery. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2016; 11:1971-91. [PMID: 27456396 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2016-0128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To develop an improved delivery system for nucleic acids. MATERIALS & METHODS We designed, synthesized and characterized a new polymer of lactic-co-glycolic acid-modified polyethylenimine (LGA-PEI). Functions of LGA-PEI polymer were determined. RESULTS The new LGA-PEI polymer spontaneously formed nanoparticles (NPs) with DNA or RNA, and showed higher DNA or RNA loading efficiency, higher or comparable transfection efficacy, and lower cytotoxicity in several cell types including PANC-1, Jurkat and HEK293 cells, when compared with lipofectamine 2000, branched or linear PEI (25 kDa). In nude mouse models, LGA-PEI showed higher delivery efficiency of plasmid DNA or miRNA mimic into pancreatic and ovarian xenograft tumors. LGA-PEI/DNA NPs showed much lower toxicity than control PEI NPs in mouse models. CONCLUSION The new LGA-PEI polymer is a safer and more effective system to deliver DNA or RNA than PEI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ming Lü
- Division of Surgical Research, Michael E DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, One Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhengdong Liang
- Division of Surgical Research, Michael E DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, One Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- Division of Surgical Research, Michael E DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, One Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jianhua Gu
- AFM/SEM Core Facility, The Methodist Hospital Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Avenue, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Qizhi Yao
- Division of Surgical Research, Michael E DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, One Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases (CTRID), Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Changyi Chen
- Division of Surgical Research, Michael E DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, One Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Development and characterization of polyethylenimine nanocarriers processed by an inductive thermospraying technique. Macromol Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-016-4085-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Yu K, Zhao J, Yu C, Sun F, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Lee RJ, Teng L, Li Y. Role of Four Different Kinds of Polyethylenimines (PEIs) in Preparation of Polymeric Lipid Nanoparticles and Their Anticancer Activity Study. J Cancer 2016; 7:872-82. [PMID: 27162547 PMCID: PMC4860805 DOI: 10.7150/jca.13855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of polyethylenimines-coated poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide)/lipid nanoparticles (PPLs) were fabricated for delivering paclitaxel via a simple nano-precipitation method. Four kinds of polyethylenimines (PEIs) (800 Da-, 2000 Da- and 25 kDa-branched PEIs, and 25 kDa-linear PEI) were selected as a polymeric coating for the nanoparticles. The PPLs were evaluated for their cytotoxic effects towards tumor cells. The nanoparticles were uniform spheres with particle sizes ranging from 135.8 to 535.9 nm and zeta potentials between 13.5 and 45.4 mV. The content of lipids and PEIs were optimized at lipids content from 0 to 40% and PEI content from 2.5% to 10%, respectively. At 20% lipid content and 5% PEI content, the formulation was found to be optimal. In vitro experiments showed that 25 kDa-branched PEI coated PLGA/lipid nanoparticles (25k-bPPLs) had higher cytotoxicity than other PPLs in several cancer cell lines. Meanwhile, 25k-bPPLs maintained high cellular delivery efficiency without excessive toxicity, which was confirmed by confocal microscopy and flow cytometry analyses. Furthermore, 25k-bPPLs displayed excellent colloidal stability in pH 7.4 PBS. In conclusion, 25k-bPPLs are promising drug delivery vehicles for cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kongtong Yu
- 1. School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130012, China
| | - Jinlong Zhao
- 1. School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130012, China
| | - Changhui Yu
- 1. School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130012, China
| | - Fengying Sun
- 1. School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130012, China
| | - Yan Liu
- 1. School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130012, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- 1. School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130012, China
| | - Robert J Lee
- 1. School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130012, China.; 2. College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Lesheng Teng
- 1. School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130012, China.; 3. State Key Laboratory of Long-acting and Targeting Drug Delivery System, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Youxin Li
- 1. School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130012, China.; 3. State Key Laboratory of Long-acting and Targeting Drug Delivery System, Yantai 264000, China
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Shirakura T, Ray A, Kopelman R. Polyethylenimine incorporation into hydrogel nanomatrices for enhancing nanoparticle-assisted chemotherapy. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra02414a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Addition of polyethylenimine into drug loaded hydrogel nanoparticle leads to enhanced cellular uptake, better ability to control drug release and deliver drugs to the cytosol, while evading the endosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aniruddha Ray
- Biophysics and Chemistry
- The University of Michigan
- Ann Arbor
- USA
| | - Raoul Kopelman
- Biophysics and Chemistry
- The University of Michigan
- Ann Arbor
- USA
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42
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Enhanced thermogenic program by non-viral delivery of combinatory browning genes to treat diet-induced obesity in mice. Biomaterials 2015; 73:32-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Revised: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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He P, Hagiwara K, Chong H, Yu HH, Ito Y. Low-Molecular-Weight Polyethyleneimine Grafted Polythiophene for Efficient siRNA Delivery. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:406389. [PMID: 26539490 PMCID: PMC4619845 DOI: 10.1155/2015/406389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2015] [Revised: 06/13/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Owing to its hydrophilicity, negative charge, small size, and labile degradation by endogenous nucleases, small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery must be achieved by a carrier system. In this study, cationic copolymers composed of low-molecular-weight polyethylenimine and polythiophenes were synthesized and evaluated as novel self-tracking siRNA delivery vectors. The concept underlying the design of these copolymers is that hydrophobicity and rigidity of polythiophenes should enhance the transport of siRNA across the cell membrane and endosomal membrane. A gel retardation assay showed that the nanosized complexes formed between the copolymers and siRNA were stable even at a molar ratio of 1 : 2. The high cellular uptake (>80%) and localization of the copolymer vectors inside the cells were easily analyzed by tracking the fluorescence of polythiophene using fluorescent microscopy and cytometry. An in vitro luciferase knockdown (KD) assay in A549-luc cells demonstrated that the siRNA complexes with more hydrophobic copolymers achieved a higher KD efficiency of 52.8% without notable cytotoxicity, indicating protein-specific KD activity rather than solely the cytotoxicity of the materials. Our polythiophene copolymers should serve as novel, efficient, low cell toxicity, and label-free siRNA delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan He
- Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kyoji Hagiwara
- Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hui Chong
- Responsive Organic Materials Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hsiao-hua Yu
- Responsive Organic Materials Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 128 Academic Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Yoshihiro Ito
- Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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Wongrakpanich A, Wu M, Salem AK. Correlating intracellular nonviral polyplex localization with transfection efficiency using high-content screening. Biotechnol Prog 2015; 31:1685-92. [PMID: 26193826 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2015] [Revised: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
High-content screening (HCS) has gained interest in cellular imaging because of its ability to provide statistically significant data from multiple parameters simultaneously in cell-based assays. Although HCS has been mainly used in drug discovery, it has other potentially useful applications, such as elucidating the processes involved in nonviral gene vector-mediated gene delivery, as was explored in this study. HCS was used to measure transfection efficiency and cytotoxicities of polyplexes made from fluorescently labeled polyethylenimine (PEI) and pDNA encoding EGFP (pEGFP-N1). The results generated using HCS were confirmed using more conventional and labor-intensive methods. For the first time, a relationship between transfected cells and the number of polyplexes in the cytoplasm was shown. Four to five polyplex signals were found in the cytoplasm of successfully transfected cells, whilst nontransfected cells harbored less than one polyplex signal within the cytoplasm. HCS has the potential to be used as a tool in the field of gene delivery. HCS can not only simultaneously measure transfection efficiency and cytotoxicity of various nonviral gene vectors; it can also be used to track such vectors through various subcellular compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaraporn Wongrakpanich
- Dept. of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52241
| | - Meng Wu
- Dept. of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52241.,The University of Iowa, High Throughput Screening Facility (UIHTS), College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52241
| | - Aliasger K Salem
- Dept. of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52241
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D'Mello S, Elangovan S, Salem AK. FGF2 gene activated matrices promote proliferation of bone marrow stromal cells. Arch Oral Biol 2015; 60:1742-9. [PMID: 26433191 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2015.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2015] [Revised: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, we report on the results from the development and early in vitro testing of a gene activated matrix encoding basic human fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) in bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). METHODS Polyethylenimine (PEI), a cationic polymer, was utilized as a gene delivery vector and collagen scaffolds were used as the carrier to deliver the PEI-pDNA nano-sized complexes (nanoplexes) encoding the FGF2 protein. Initially, the BMSCs were transfected in vitro with the PEI-pFGF2 nanoplexes, prepared at a N/P ratio of 10, with cells alone and naked DNA as controls. This was followed by transfection experiments using collagen scaffold containing complexes, with the scaffold alone as a control. The transfection efficacy of the nanoplexes was assessed using ELISA for the determination of FGF2 protein expressed by the transfected cells. The functionality of transfection was assessed by evaluating cellular recruitment, attachment, and proliferation of BMSCs on the scaffold using imaging techniques. RESULTS BMSCs transfected with the PEI-pFGF2 nanoplexes (either alone or within the scaffold) led to higher expression of FGF2, compared to controls. Scanning electron microscopy and confocal imaging confirmed the recruitment and attachment of BMSCs to scaffolds containing the PEI-pFGF2 nanoplexes. Confocal microscopy showed a significantly higher number of proliferating cells within PEI-pFGF2 nanoplex-loaded scaffolds than with empty scaffolds. CONCLUSIONS This first in vitro evaluation in BMSCs provides evidence that gene activated matrices (GAMs) encoding the FGF2 protein may have strong translational potential for clinical applications that require enhanced osseous and periodontal tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheetal D'Mello
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, IA, USA
| | - Satheesh Elangovan
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, IA, USA.
| | - Aliasger K Salem
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, IA, USA; Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, IA, USA.
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Song T, Dong C, Xiong S. Signaling lymphocyte-activation molecule SLAMF1 augments mycobacteria BCG-induced inflammatory response and facilitates bacterial clearance. Int J Med Microbiol 2015; 305:572-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2015.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Revised: 07/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Atluri K, Seabold D, Hong L, Elangovan S, Salem AK. Nanoplex-Mediated Codelivery of Fibroblast Growth Factor and Bone Morphogenetic Protein Genes Promotes Osteogenesis in Human Adipocyte-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Mol Pharm 2015; 12:3032-42. [PMID: 26121311 PMCID: PMC4613810 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This study highlights the importance of transfection mediated coordinated bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) signaling in promoting osteogenesis. We employed plasmids independently encoding BMP-2 and FGF-2 complexed with polyethylenimine (PEI) to transfect human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADMSCs) in vitro. The nanoplexes were characterized for size, surface charge, in vitro cytotoxicity, and transfection ability in hADMSCs. A significant enhancement in BMP-2 protein secretion was observed on day 7 post-transfection of hADMSCs with PEI nanoplexes loaded with both pFGF-2 and pBMP-2 (PEI/(pFGF-2+pBMP-2)) versus transfection with PEI nanoplexes of either pFGF-2 alone or pBMP-2 alone. Osteogenic differentiation of transfected hADMSCs was determined by measuring osteocalcin and Runx-2 gene expression using real time polymerase chain reactions. A significant increase in the expression of Runx-2 and osteocalcin was observed on day 3 and day 7 post-transfection, respectively, by cells transfected with PEI/(pFGF-2+pBMP-2) compared to cells transfected with nanoplexes containing pFGF-2 or pBMP-2 alone. Alizarin Red staining and atomic absorption spectroscopy revealed elevated levels of calcium deposition in hADMSC cultures on day 14 and day 30 post-transfection with PEI/(pFGF-2+pBMP-2) compared to other treatments. We have shown that codelivery of pFGF-2 and pBMP-2 results in a significant enhancement in osteogenic protein synthesis, osteogenic marker expression, and subsequent mineralization. This research points to a new clinically translatable strategy for achieving efficient bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keerthi Atluri
- †Division of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Denise Seabold
- ‡Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Liu Hong
- ‡Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Satheesh Elangovan
- ‡Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Aliasger K Salem
- †Division of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
- ‡Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
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Choi JW, Nam JP, Nam K, Lee YS, Yun CO, Kim SW. Oncolytic Adenovirus Coated with Multidegradable Bioreducible Core-Cross-Linked Polyethylenimine for Cancer Gene Therapy. Biomacromolecules 2015; 16:2132-43. [PMID: 26096567 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b00538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Recently, adenovirus (Ad) has been utilized as a viral vector for efficient gene delivery. However, substantial immunogenicity and toxicity have obstructed oncolytic Ad's transition into clinical studies. The goal of this study is to generate an adenoviral vector complexed with multidegradable bioreducible core-cross-linked polyethylenimine (rPEI) polymer that has low immunogenicity and toxicity while having higher transduction efficacy and stability. We have synthesized different molecular weight rPEIs and complexed with Ad at varying molar ratios to optimize delivery of the Ad/polymer complex. The size and surface charge of Ad/rPEIs were characterized. Of note, Ad/rPEIs showed significantly enhanced transduction efficiency compared to either naked Ad or Ad/25 kDa PEI in both coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) positive and negative cancer cells. The cellular uptake result demonstrated that the relatively small size of Ad/16 kDa rPEIs (below 200 nm) was more critical to the complex's internalization than its surface charge. Cancer cell killing effect and viral production were significantly increased when oncolytic Ad (RdB/shMet, or oAd) was complexed with 16 kDa rPEI in comparison to naked oAd-, oAd/25 kDa PEI-, or oAd/32 kDa rPEI-treated cells. This increased anticancer cytotoxicity was more readily apparent in CAR-negative MCF7 cells, implying that it can be used to treat a broad range of cancer cells. Furthermore, A549 and HT1080 cancer cells treated with oAd/16 kDa rPEI had significantly decreased Met and VEGF expression compared to either naked oAd or oAd/25 kDa PEI. Overall, these results demonstrate that shMet expressing oncolytic Ad complexed with multidegradable bioreducible core-cross-linked PEI could be used as efficient and safe cancer gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joung-Woo Choi
- †Center for Controlled Chemical Delivery (CCCD), Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Joung-Pyo Nam
- †Center for Controlled Chemical Delivery (CCCD), Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Kihoon Nam
- †Center for Controlled Chemical Delivery (CCCD), Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Young Sook Lee
- †Center for Controlled Chemical Delivery (CCCD), Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Chae-Ok Yun
- ‡Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Wan Kim
- †Center for Controlled Chemical Delivery (CCCD), Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States.,‡Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea
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Rajasekaran D, Srivastava J, Ebeid K, Gredler R, Akiel M, Jariwala N, Robertson CL, Shen XN, Siddiq A, Fisher PB, Salem AK, Sarkar D. Combination of Nanoparticle-Delivered siRNA for Astrocyte Elevated Gene-1 (AEG-1) and All-trans Retinoic Acid (ATRA): An Effective Therapeutic Strategy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). Bioconjug Chem 2015; 26:1651-61. [PMID: 26079152 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.5b00254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a fatal cancer with no effective therapy. Astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) plays a pivotal role in hepatocarcinogenesis and inhibits retinoic acid-induced gene expression and cell death. The combination of a lentivirus expressing AEG-1 shRNA and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) profoundly and synergistically inhibited subcutaneous human HCC xenografts in nude mice. We have now developed liver-targeted nanoplexes by conjugating poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and lactobionic acid (Gal) (PAMAM-PEG-Gal) which were complexed with AEG-1 siRNA (PAMAM-AEG-1si). The polymer conjugate was characterized by (1)H-NMR, MALDI, and mass spectrometry; and optimal nanoplex formulations were characterized for surface charge, size, and morphology. Orthotopic xenografts of human HCC cell QGY-7703 expressing luciferase (QGY-luc) were established in the livers of athymic nude mice and tumor development was monitored by bioluminescence imaging (BLI). Tumor-bearing mice were treated with PAMAM-siCon, PAMAM-siCon+ATRA, PAMAM-AEG-1si, and PAMAM-AEG-1si+ATRA. In the control group the tumor developed aggressively. ATRA showed little effect due to high AEG-1 levels in QGY-luc cells. PAMAM-AEG-1si showed significant reduction in tumor growth, and the combination of PAMAM-AEG-1si+ATRA showed profound and synergistic inhibition so that the tumors were almost undetectable by BLI. A marked decrease in AEG-1 level was observed in tumor samples treated with PAMAM-AEG-1si. The group treated with PAMAM-AEG-1si+ATRA nanoplexes showed increased necrosis, inhibition of proliferation, and increased apoptosis when compared to other groups. Liver is an ideal organ for RNAi therapy and ATRA is an approved anticancer agent. Our exciting observations suggest that the combinatorial approach might be an effective way to combat HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devaraja Rajasekaran
- †Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, §Massey Cancer Center; and ∥VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States.,‡Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, and ⊥Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Jyoti Srivastava
- †Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, §Massey Cancer Center; and ∥VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States.,‡Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, and ⊥Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Kareem Ebeid
- †Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, §Massey Cancer Center; and ∥VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States.,‡Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, and ⊥Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Rachel Gredler
- †Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, §Massey Cancer Center; and ∥VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States.,‡Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, and ⊥Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Maaged Akiel
- †Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, §Massey Cancer Center; and ∥VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States.,‡Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, and ⊥Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Nidhi Jariwala
- †Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, §Massey Cancer Center; and ∥VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States.,‡Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, and ⊥Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Chadia L Robertson
- †Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, §Massey Cancer Center; and ∥VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States.,‡Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, and ⊥Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Xue-Ning Shen
- †Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, §Massey Cancer Center; and ∥VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States.,‡Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, and ⊥Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Ayesha Siddiq
- †Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, §Massey Cancer Center; and ∥VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States.,‡Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, and ⊥Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Paul B Fisher
- †Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, §Massey Cancer Center; and ∥VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States.,‡Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, and ⊥Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Aliasger K Salem
- †Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, §Massey Cancer Center; and ∥VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States.,‡Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, and ⊥Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Devanand Sarkar
- †Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, §Massey Cancer Center; and ∥VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States.,‡Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, and ⊥Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
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Park H, Cho S, Han YH, Janat-Amsbury MM, Boudina S, Bae YH. Combinatorial gene construct and non-viral delivery for anti-obesity in diet-induced obese mice. J Control Release 2015; 207:154-62. [PMID: 25817008 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The combinatorial peptidergic therapy of islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) and leptin (LEP) analogues was once an optimistic option in treating obese animals and patients. However, the need for frequent administrations and its negative side effects prevent it from being a viable choice. Here, we developed a combinatorial gene therapy of IAPP and LEP, where two genes are inserted into a single plasmid with self-cleaving furin and 2A sites to treat diet-induced obese (DIO) mice. The developed plasmid DNA (pDNA) individually produced both IAPP and LEP peptides in vitro and in vivo. The pDNA was delivered with a non-viral polymeric carrier, and its once-a-week administrations demonstrated a synergistic loss of body weight and significant reductions of fat mass, blood glucose, and lipid levels in DIO mice. The results suggest that the combinatorial gene therapy would have higher potential than the peptidergic approach for future translation due to its improved practicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongsuk Park
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Sungpil Cho
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Yong Hwan Han
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes and Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Margit M Janat-Amsbury
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Sihem Boudina
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes and Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - You Han Bae
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; Utah-Inha Drug Delivery Systems and Advanced Therapeutics Research Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
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