1
|
Mohamed HM, Sundar P, Ridwan NAA, Cheong AJ, Mohamad Salleh NA, Sulaiman N, Mh Busra F, Maarof M. Optimisation of cryopreservation conditions, including storage duration and revival methods, for the viability of human primary cells. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2024; 25:20. [PMID: 39350017 PMCID: PMC11441136 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-024-00516-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cryopreservation is a crucial procedure for safeguarding cells or other biological constructs, showcasing considerable potential for applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. AIMS This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of different cryopreservation conditions on human cells viability. METHODS A set of cryopreserved data from Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (DTERM) cell bank were analyse for cells attachment after 24 h being revived. The revived cells were analysed based on different cryopreservation conditions which includes cell types (skin keratinocytes and fibroblasts, respiratory epithelial, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (MSC); cryo mediums (FBS + 10% DMSO; commercial medium); storage durations (0 to > 24 months) and locations (tank 1-2; box 1-5), and revival methods (direct; indirect methods). Human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) were then cultured, cryopreserved in different cryo mediums (HPL + 10% DMSO; FBS + 10% DMSO; Cryostor) and stored for 1 and 3 months. The HDFs were revived using either direct or indirect method and cell number, viability and protein expression analysis were compared. RESULTS In the analysis cell cryopreserved data; fibroblast cells; FBS + 10% DMSO cryo medium; storage duration of 0-6 months; direct cell revival; storage in vapor phase of cryo tank; had the highest number of vials with optimal cell attachment after 24 h revived. HDFs cryopreserved in FBS + 10% DMSO for 1 and 3 months with both revival methods, showed optimal live cell numbers and viability above 80%, higher than other cryo medium groups. Morphologically, the fibroblasts were able to retain their phenotype with positive expression of Ki67 and Col-1. HDFs cryopreserved in FBS + 10% DMSO at 3 months showed significantly higher expression of Ki67 (97.3% ± 4.62) with the indirect revival method, while Col-1 expression (100%) was significantly higher at both 1 and 3 months compared to other groups. CONCLUSION In conclusion, fibroblasts were able to retain their characteristics after various cryopreservation conditions with a slight decrease in viability that may be due to the thermal-cycling effect. However, further investigation on the longer cryopreservation periods should be conducted for other types of cells and cryo mediums to achieve optimal cryopreservation outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz Muhaymin Mohamed
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (DTERM), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia , Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia
| | - Piraveenraj Sundar
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (DTERM), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia , Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia
| | - Nur Aisyah Ahmad Ridwan
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (DTERM), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia , Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia
| | - Ai Jia Cheong
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (DTERM), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia , Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia
| | - Nur Atiqah Mohamad Salleh
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (DTERM), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia , Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia
| | - Nadiah Sulaiman
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (DTERM), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia , Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia
| | - Fauzi Mh Busra
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (DTERM), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia , Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia
- Advance Bioactive Materials-Cells UKM Research Group, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, 43600, Malaysia
| | - Manira Maarof
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (DTERM), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia , Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia.
- Advance Bioactive Materials-Cells UKM Research Group, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, 43600, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Farag A, Ngeun SK, Kaneda M, Aboubakr M, Elhaieg A, Hendawy H, Tanaka R. Exploring the Potential Effects of Cryopreservation on the Biological Characteristics and Cardiomyogenic Differentiation of Rat Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9908. [PMID: 39337396 PMCID: PMC11432599 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25189908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2024] [Revised: 09/05/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Cryopreservation is essential for the broad clinical application of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), yet its impact on their cellular characteristics and cardiomyogenic differentiation potential remains a critical concern in translational medicine. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of cryopreservation on the biological properties and cardiomyogenic capacity of rat adipose-derived MSCs (AD-MSCs). We examined their cellular morphology, surface marker expression (CD29, CD90, CD45), trilineage differentiation potential (adipogenic, osteogenic, chondrogenic), and gene expression profiles for the pluripotency marker REX1 and immunomodulatory markers TGFβ1 and IL-6. After inducing cardiomyocyte differentiation, we assessed cardiac-specific gene expressions (Troponin I, MEF2c, GSK-3β) using quantitative RT-qPCR, along with live/dead cell staining and immunofluorescence for cardiac-specific proteins (Troponin T, α-actinin, Myosin Heavy Chain). Cryopreserved AD-MSCs preserved their morphology, surface markers, and differentiation potential, but exhibited a reduced expression of REX1, TGFβ1, and IL-6. Additionally, cryopreservation diminished cardiomyogenic differentiation, as indicated by the lower levels of Troponin I, MEF2c, and GSK-3β seen compared to non-cryopreserved cells. Despite this, high cell viability (>90%) and maintained cardiac protein expression were observed post-cryopreservation. These findings highlight the necessity of optimizing cryopreservation protocols to ensure the full therapeutic potential of AD-MSCs, particularly in applications related to cardiac regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Farag
- Faculty of Agriculture, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Sai Koung Ngeun
- Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kaneda
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, Division of Animal Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Mohamed Aboubakr
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh 13736, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Elhaieg
- Faculty of Agriculture, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Hanan Hendawy
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Ryou Tanaka
- Faculty of Agriculture, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li Y, Zhang J, Han W, Liu B, Zhai M, Li N, Wang Z, Zhao J. Multifunctional Laser-Induced Graphene-Based Microfluidic Chip for High-Performance Oocyte Cryopreservation with Low Concentration of Cryoprotectants. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2400981. [PMID: 38885030 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Oocyte cryopreservation is essential in the field of assisted reproduction, but due to the large size and poor environmental tolerance of oocytes, cell freezing technology needs further improvement. Here, a Y-shaped microfluidic chip based on 3D graphene is ingeniously devised by combining laser-induced graphene (LIG) technology and fiber etching technology. The prepared LIG/PDMS microfluidic chip can effectively suppress ice crystal size and delay ice crystal freezing time by adjusting surface hydrophobicity. In addition, LIG endows the microfluidic chip with an outstanding photothermal effect, which allows to sharply increase its surface temperature from 25 to 71.8 °C with 10 s of low-power 808 nm laser irradiation (0.4 W cm-2). Notably, the LIG/PDMS microfluidic chip not only replaces the traditional cryopreservation carriers, but also effectively reduces the dosage of cryoprotectants (CPAs) needed in mouse oocyte cryopreservation. Even when the concentration of CPAs is cut in half (final concentration of 7.5% ethylene glycol (EG) and 7.5% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)), the survival rate of oocytes is still as high as 92.4%, significantly higher than the control group's 85.8%. Therefore, this work provides a novel design strategy to construct multifunctional microfluidic chips for high-performance oocytes cryopreservation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yifang Li
- School of Mechatronics and Vehicle Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing, 400074, China
- Institute of Solid-State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, China
- Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic and Energy Conservation Materials, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Jixiang Zhang
- School of Mechatronics and Vehicle Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing, 400074, China
- Institute of Solid-State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, China
- Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic and Energy Conservation Materials, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Wei Han
- School of Mechatronics and Vehicle Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing, 400074, China
- Institute of Solid-State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, China
- Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic and Energy Conservation Materials, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Bianhua Liu
- Institute of Solid-State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, China
- Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic and Energy Conservation Materials, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Mengjie Zhai
- School of Mechatronics and Vehicle Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing, 400074, China
- Institute of Solid-State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, China
- Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic and Energy Conservation Materials, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Nian Li
- Institute of Solid-State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, China
- Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic and Energy Conservation Materials, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Zhenyang Wang
- Institute of Solid-State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, China
- Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic and Energy Conservation Materials, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Institute of Solid-State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, China
- Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic and Energy Conservation Materials, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dyer WB, Suzuki K, Levert A, Starr M, Lloyd AR, Zaunders JJ. Preservation of functionality, immunophenotype, and recovery of HIV RNA from PBMCs cryopreserved for more than 20 years. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1382711. [PMID: 39221258 PMCID: PMC11361978 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1382711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Many research laboratories have long-term repositories of cryopreserved peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), which are costly to maintain but are of uncertain utility for immunological studies after decades in storage. This study investigated preservation of cell surface phenotypes and in-vitro functional capacity of PBMC from viraemic HIV+ patients and healthy seronegative control subjects, after more than 20 years of cryopreservation. Methods PBMC were assessed by 18-colour flow cytometry for major lymphocyte subsets within T, B, NK, and dendritic cells and monocytes. Markers of T-cell differentiation and activation were compared with original immunophenotyping performed in 1995/1996 on fresh blood at the time of collection. Functionality of PBMC was assessed by culture with influenza antigen or polyclonal T-cell activation, to measure upregulation of activation-induced CD25 and CD134 (OX40) on CD4 T cells and cytokine production at day 2, and proliferative CD25+ CD4 blasts at day 7. RNA was extracted from cultures containing proliferating CD4+ blast cells, and intracellular HIV RNA was measured using short amplicons for both the Double R and pol region pi code assays, whereas long 4-kbp amplicons were sequenced. Results All major lymphocyte and T-cell subpopulations were conserved after long-term cryostorage, except for decreased proportions of activated CD38+HLA-DR+ CD4 and CD8 T cells in PBMC from HIV+ patients. Otherwise, differences in T-cell subpopulations between recent and long-term cryopreserved PBMC primarily reflected donor age-associated or HIV infection-associated effects on phenotypes. Proportions of naïve, memory, and effector subsets of T cells from thawed PBMC correlated with results from the original flow cytometric analysis of respective fresh blood samples. Antigen-specific and polyclonal T-cell responses were readily detected in cryopreserved PBMC from HIV+ patients and healthy control donors. Intracellular HIV RNA quantitation by pi code assay correlated with original plasma viral RNA load results. Full-length intracellular and supernatant-derived amplicons were generated from 5/12 donors, and sequences were ≥80% wild-type, consistent with replication competence. Conclusions This unique study provides strong rationale and validity for using well-maintained biorepositories to support immunovirological research even decades after collection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wayne B. Dyer
- Strategy & Growth, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- The Kirby Institute, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kazuo Suzuki
- NSW State Reference Laboratory for HIV, Centre for Applied Medical Research, St Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Angelique Levert
- NSW State Reference Laboratory for HIV, Centre for Applied Medical Research, St Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mitchell Starr
- NSW State Reference Laboratory for HIV, Centre for Applied Medical Research, St Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrew R. Lloyd
- The Kirby Institute, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - John J. Zaunders
- NSW State Reference Laboratory for HIV, Centre for Applied Medical Research, St Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Thite NG, Tuberty-Vaughan E, Wilcox P, Wallace N, Calderon CP, Randolph TW. Stain-Free Approach to Determine and Monitor Cell Heath Using Supervised and Unsupervised Image-Based Deep Learning. J Pharm Sci 2024; 113:2114-2127. [PMID: 38710387 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2024.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Cell-based medicinal products (CBMPs) are a growing class of therapeutics that promise new treatments for complex and rare diseases. Given the inherent complexity of the whole human cells comprising CBMPs, there is a need for robust and fast analytical methods for characterization, process monitoring, and quality control (QC) testing during their manufacture. Existing techniques to evaluate and monitor cell quality typically constitute labor-intensive, expensive, and highly specific staining assays. In this work, we combine image-based deep learning with flow imaging microscopy (FIM) to predict cell health metrics using cellular morphology "fingerprints" extracted from images of unstained Jurkat cells (immortalized human T-lymphocyte cells). A supervised (i.e., algorithm trained with human-generated labels for images) fingerprinting algorithm, trained on images of unstained healthy and dead cells, provides a robust stain-free, non-invasive, and non-destructive method for determining cell viability. Results from the stain-free method are in good agreement with traditional stain-based cytometric viability measurements. Additionally, when trained with images of healthy cells, dead cells and cells undergoing chemically induced apoptosis, the supervised fingerprinting algorithm is able to distinguish between the three cell states, and the results are independent of specific treatments or signaling pathways. We then show that an unsupervised variational autoencoder (VAE) algorithm trained on the same images, but without human-generated labels, is able to distinguish between samples of healthy, dead and apoptotic cells along with cellular debris based on learned morphological features and without human input. With this, we demonstrate that VAEs are a powerful exploratory technique that can be used as a process monitoring analytical tool.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi G Thite
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Emma Tuberty-Vaughan
- Dosage Form Design & Development (DFDD), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Paige Wilcox
- Dosage Form Design & Development (DFDD), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Nicole Wallace
- Dosage Form Design & Development (DFDD), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Christopher P Calderon
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; Ursa Analytics, Denver, CO 80212, USA
| | - Theodore W Randolph
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Amiri F, Benson JD. A three-dimensional lattice-free agent-based model of intracellular ice formation and propagation and intercellular mechanics in liver tissues. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2024; 11:231337. [PMID: 39021779 PMCID: PMC11252675 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.231337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
A successful cryopreservation of tissues and organs is crucial for medical procedures and drug development acceleration. However, there are only a few instances of successful tissue cryopreservation. One of the main obstacles to successful cryopreservation is intracellular ice damage. Understanding how ice spreads can accelerate protocol development and enable model-based decision-making. Previous models of intracellular ice formation in individual cells have been extended to one-cell-wide arrays to establish the theory of intercellular ice propagation in tissues. The current lattice-based ice propagation models do not account for intercellular forces resulting from cell solidification, which could lead to mechanical disruption of tissue structures during freezing. Moreover, these models have not been expanded to include more realistic tissue architectures. In this article, we discuss the development and validation of a stochastic model for the formation and propagation of ice in small tissues using lattice-free agent-based model. We have improved the existing model by incorporating the mechanical effects of water crystallization within cells. Using information from previous research, we have also created a new model that accounts for ice growth in tissue slabs, spheroids and hepatocyte discs. Our model demonstrates that individual cell freezing can have mechanical consequences and is consistent with earlier findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Amiri
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - James D. Benson
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Marquez-Curtis LA, Elliott JAW. Mesenchymal stromal cells derived from various tissues: Biological, clinical and cryopreservation aspects: Update from 2015 review. Cryobiology 2024; 115:104856. [PMID: 38340887 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2024.104856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have become one of the most investigated and applied cells for cellular therapy and regenerative medicine. In this update of our review published in 2015, we show that studies continue to abound regarding the characterization of MSCs to distinguish them from other similar cell types, the discovery of new tissue sources of MSCs, and the confirmation of their properties and functions that render them suitable as a therapeutic. Because cryopreservation is widely recognized as the only technology that would enable the on-demand availability of MSCs, here we show that although the traditional method of cryopreserving cells by slow cooling in the presence of 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (Me2SO) continues to be used by many, several novel MSC cryopreservation approaches have emerged. As in our previous review, we conclude from these recent reports that viable and functional MSCs from diverse tissues can be recovered after cryopreservation using a variety of cryoprotectants, freezing protocols, storage temperatures, and periods of storage. We also show that for logistical reasons there are now more studies devoted to the cryopreservation of tissues from which MSCs are derived. A new topic included in this review covers the application in COVID-19 of MSCs arising from their immunomodulatory and antiviral properties. Due to the inherent heterogeneity in MSC populations from different sources there is still no standardized procedure for their isolation, identification, functional characterization, cryopreservation, and route of administration, and not likely to be a "one-size-fits-all" approach in their applications in cell-based therapy and regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leah A Marquez-Curtis
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada, T6G 1H9; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada, T6G 1C9
| | - Janet A W Elliott
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada, T6G 1H9; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada, T6G 1C9.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abraham M, Goel S. Comprehensive characterisation and cryopreservation optimisation of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Cryobiology 2024; 115:104896. [PMID: 38641158 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2024.104896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Over half of the world's buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) inhabit India, and buffaloes frequently encounter health challenges that resist conventional treatments, prompting the exploration of alternative therapeutic strategies. One promising approach is stem cell therapy, particularly multipotent mesenchymal/stromal stem cells (MSCs). These cells have shown significant efficacy in addressing various diseases in livestock that exhibit resistance to conventional therapies. Adipose tissue-derived MSCs (ADSCs) have garnered attention due to their accessibility and robust expansion potential. The current study comprehensively characterises buffalo ADSCs (bADSCs), confirming their identity as MSCs capable of differentiating into diverse cell lineages-the identified characteristics position bADSCs as promising candidates for applications in regenerative medicine, applicable in veterinary contexts. Notably, the study established that a cryoprotective solution comprising 10 % dimethyl sulfoxide and 90 % fetal bovine serum is optimal for preserving bADSCs. This cryoprotective solution maintains vital parameters, including viability, apoptosis, senescence, cell adherence, adherent cell viability, metabolic and clonogenic efficiency, and the activity of reactive oxygen species and trilineage differentiation potential following thawing. These findings lay the foundation for developing a cryo-banking system for bADSCs. Subsequent research efforts are focused on exploring the therapeutic potential of bADSCs in specific disease models and clinical settings. The outcomes of such investigations may pave the way for innovative and effective treatments, further enhancing our understanding of the regenerative capabilities of bADSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Abraham
- DBT-National Institute of Animal Biotechnology (NIAB), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Sandeep Goel
- DBT-National Institute of Animal Biotechnology (NIAB), Hyderabad, Telangana, India; DBT-Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB), Faridabad, Haryana, India.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lee JH, Park HJ, Kim YA, Lee DH, Noh JK, Jung JG, Yang MS, Lee JE, Lee SH, Yoon HH, Lee SK, Lee S. Selecting serum-free hepatocyte cryopreservation stage and storage temperature for the application of an "off-the-shelf" bioartificial liver system. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12168. [PMID: 38806510 PMCID: PMC11133438 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60711-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The bioartificial liver (BAL) system can potentially rescue acute liver failure (ALF) patients by providing partial liver function until a suitable donor liver can be found or the native liver has self-regenerated. In this study, we established a suitable cryopreservation process for the development of an off-the-shelf BAL system. The viability of hepatocyte spheroids cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen was comparable to that of fresh primary hepatocyte spheroids. When hepatocyte spheroids were subjected to cryopreservation in a deep freezer, no statistically significant differences were observed in ammonia removal rate or urea secretion rate based on the cryopreservation period. However, the functional activity of the liver post-cryopreservation in a deep freezer was significantly lower than that observed following liquid nitrogen cryopreservation. Moreover, cryopreserving spheroid hydrogel beads in a deep freezer resulted in a significant decrease (approximately 30%) in both ammonia removal and urea secretion rates compared to the group cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen. The viabilities of spheroid hydrogel beads filled into the bioreactor of a BAL system were similar across all four groups. However, upon operating the BAL system for 24 h, the liver function activity was significantly higher in the group comprising hydrogel beads generated after thawing hepatocyte spheroids cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen. Consequently, the manufacturing of beads after the cryopreservation of hepatocyte spheroids is deemed the most suitable method, considering efficiency, economic feasibility, and liver function activity, for producing a BAL system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hyun Lee
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hey-Jung Park
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-A Kim
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Doo-Hoon Lee
- Research Institute, HLB Cell, Co. Ltd., Hwaseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Kwon Noh
- Research Institute, HLB Cell, Co. Ltd., Hwaseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Gab Jung
- Research Institute, HLB Cell, Co. Ltd., Hwaseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Mal Sook Yang
- Research Institute, HLB Cell, Co. Ltd., Hwaseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- Research Institute, HLB Cell, Co. Ltd., Hwaseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Hoon Lee
- Research Institute, HLB Cell, Co. Ltd., Hwaseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Hoon Yoon
- Research Institute, HLB Cell, Co. Ltd., Hwaseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Koo Lee
- Department of Surgery, Myongji Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sanghoon Lee
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, 50 Irwon-Dong, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul, 06354, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Martins B, Bister A, Dohmen RGJ, Gouveia MA, Hueber R, Melzener L, Messmer T, Papadopoulos J, Pimenta J, Raina D, Schaeken L, Shirley S, Bouchet BP, Flack JE. Advances and Challenges in Cell Biology for Cultured Meat. Annu Rev Anim Biosci 2024; 12:345-368. [PMID: 37963400 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-animal-021022-055132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Cultured meat is an emerging biotechnology that aims to produce meat from animal cell culture, rather than from the raising and slaughtering of livestock, on environmental and animal welfare grounds. The detailed understanding and accurate manipulation of cell biology are critical to the design of cultured meat bioprocesses. Recent years have seen significant interest in this field, with numerous scientific and commercial breakthroughs. Nevertheless, these technologies remain at a nascent stage, and myriad challenges remain, spanning the entire bioprocess. From a cell biological perspective, these include the identification of suitable starting cell types, tuning of proliferation and differentiation conditions, and optimization of cell-biomaterial interactions to create nutritious, enticing foods. Here, we discuss the key advances and outstanding challenges in cultured meat, with a particular focus on cell biology, and argue that solving the remaining bottlenecks in a cost-effective, scalable fashion will require coordinated, concerted scientific efforts. Success will also require solutions to nonscientific challenges, including regulatory approval, consumer acceptance, and market feasibility. However, if these can be overcome, cultured meat technologies can revolutionize our approach to food.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Martins
- Mosa Meat B.V., Maastricht, The Netherlands; , , , , , , , , , , , ,
| | - Arthur Bister
- Mosa Meat B.V., Maastricht, The Netherlands; , , , , , , , , , , , ,
| | - Richard G J Dohmen
- Mosa Meat B.V., Maastricht, The Netherlands; , , , , , , , , , , , ,
- Department of Physiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Ana Gouveia
- Mosa Meat B.V., Maastricht, The Netherlands; , , , , , , , , , , , ,
| | - Rui Hueber
- Mosa Meat B.V., Maastricht, The Netherlands; , , , , , , , , , , , ,
| | - Lea Melzener
- Mosa Meat B.V., Maastricht, The Netherlands; , , , , , , , , , , , ,
- Department of Physiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Tobias Messmer
- Mosa Meat B.V., Maastricht, The Netherlands; , , , , , , , , , , , ,
- Department of Physiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Joanna Papadopoulos
- Mosa Meat B.V., Maastricht, The Netherlands; , , , , , , , , , , , ,
| | - Joana Pimenta
- Mosa Meat B.V., Maastricht, The Netherlands; , , , , , , , , , , , ,
| | - Dhruv Raina
- Mosa Meat B.V., Maastricht, The Netherlands; , , , , , , , , , , , ,
| | - Lieke Schaeken
- Mosa Meat B.V., Maastricht, The Netherlands; , , , , , , , , , , , ,
| | - Sara Shirley
- Mosa Meat B.V., Maastricht, The Netherlands; , , , , , , , , , , , ,
| | - Benjamin P Bouchet
- Mosa Meat B.V., Maastricht, The Netherlands; , , , , , , , , , , , ,
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| | - Joshua E Flack
- Mosa Meat B.V., Maastricht, The Netherlands; , , , , , , , , , , , ,
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yadegari F, Gabler Pizarro LA, Marquez-Curtis LA, Elliott JAW. Temperature Dependence of Membrane Permeability Parameters for Five Cell Types Using Nonideal Thermodynamic Assumptions to Mathematically Model Cryopreservation Protocols. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:1139-1160. [PMID: 38291962 PMCID: PMC10860702 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c04534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Cryopreservation is the process of preserving biological matter at subzero temperatures for long-term storage. During cryopreservation, cells are susceptible to various injuries that can be mitigated by controlling the cooling and warming profiles and cryoprotective agent (CPA) addition and removal procedures. Mathematical modeling of the changing cell volume at different temperatures can greatly reduce the experiments needed to optimize cryopreservation protocols. Such mathematical modeling requires as inputs the cell membrane permeabilities to water and CPA and the osmotically inactive fraction of the cell. Since the intra- and extracellular solutions are generally thermodynamically nonideal, our group has been incorporating the osmotic virial equation to model the solution thermodynamics that underlie the cell volume change equations, adding the second and third osmotic virial coefficients of the grouped intracellular solute to the cell osmotic parameters that must be measured. In our previous work, we reported methods to obtain cell osmotic parameters at room temperature by fitting experimental cell volume kinetic data with equations that incorporated nonideal solution thermodynamics assumptions. Since the relevant cell volume excursions occur at different temperatures, the temperature dependence of the osmotic parameters plays an important role. In this work, we present a new two-part fitting method to obtain five cell-type-specific parameters (water permeability, dimethyl sulfoxide permeability, osmotically inactive fraction, and the second and third osmotic virial coefficients of the intracellular solution) from experimental measurements of equilibrium cell volume and cell volume as a function of time at room temperature and 0 °C for five cell types, namely, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), H9c2 rat myoblasts, porcine corneal endothelial cells (PCECs), the Jurkat T-lymphocyte cell line, and human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells (hCMECs/D3 cell line). The fitting method in this work is based on both equilibrium and kinetic cell volume data, enabling us to solve some technical challenges and expand our previously reported measurement technique to 0 °C. Finally, we use the measured parameters to model the cell volume changes for a HUVEC cryopreservation protocol to demonstrate the impact of the nonideal thermodynamic assumptions on predicting the changing cell volume during freezing and thawing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faranak Yadegari
- Department
of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University
of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1H9, Canada
- Department
of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University
of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1C9, Canada
| | - Laura A. Gabler Pizarro
- Department
of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University
of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Leah A. Marquez-Curtis
- Department
of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University
of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1H9, Canada
- Department
of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University
of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1C9, Canada
| | - Janet A. W. Elliott
- Department
of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University
of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1H9, Canada
- Department
of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University
of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1C9, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Johnstone BH, Gu D, Lin CH, Du J, Woods EJ. Identification of a fundamental cryoinjury mechanism in MSCs and its mitigation through cell-cycle synchronization prior to freezing. Cryobiology 2023; 113:104592. [PMID: 37827209 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2023.104592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Clinical development of cellular therapies, including mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSC) treatments, has been hindered by ineffective cryopreservation methods that result in substantial loss of post-thaw cell viability and function. Proposed solutions to generate high potency MSC for clinical testing include priming cells with potent cytokines such as interferon gamma (IFNγ) prior to cryopreservation, which has been shown to enhance post-thaw function, or briefly culturing to allow recovery from cryopreservation injury prior to administering to patients. However, both solutions have disadvantages: cryorecovery increases the complexity of manufacturing and distribution logistics, while the pleiotropic effects of IFNγ may have uncharacterized and unintended consequences on MSC function. To determine specific cellular functions impacted by cryoinjury, we first evaluated cell cycle status. It was discovered that S phase MSC are exquisitely sensitive to cryoinjury, demonstrating heightened levels of delayed apoptosis post-thaw and reduced immunomodulatory function. Blocking cell cycle progression at G0/G1 by growth factor deprivation (commonly known as serum starvation) greatly reduced post-thaw dysfunction of MSC by preventing apoptosis induced by double-stranded breaks in labile replicating DNA that form during the cryopreservation and thawing processes. Viability, clonal growth and T cell suppression function were preserved at pre-cryopreservation levels and were no different than cells prior to freezing or frozen after priming with IFNγ. Thus, we have developed a robust and effective strategy to enhance post-thaw recovery of therapeutic MSC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dongsheng Gu
- Ossium Health, Inc., Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Chieh-Han Lin
- Ossium Health, Inc., Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Jianguang Du
- Ossium Health, Inc., Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Erik J Woods
- Ossium Health, Inc., Indianapolis, IN, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bahsoun S, Brown MJ, Coopman K, Akam EC. Cryopreservation of Human Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells at High Concentration Is Feasible. Biopreserv Biobank 2023; 21:450-457. [PMID: 36094454 DOI: 10.1089/bio.2022.0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: For stem cell therapies to be adopted in mainstream health care, robust, reliable, and cost-effective storage and transport processes must be developed. Cryopreservation remains the best current platform for this purpose, and freezing cells at high concentration may have many benefits, including savings on cost and storage space, facilitating transport logistics, and reducing cryoprotectant volume. Cells, such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), are typically frozen at 1 million cells per milliliter (mL), but the aim of this study is to examine the post-thaw attributes of human bone marrow derived MSCs (hBM-MSCs) frozen at 1, 5, and 10 million cells per mL. Methods: Thawed cells were assessed for their morphology, phenotypic marker expression, viability, apoptosis level, metabolic activity, proliferation, and osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation. Results: In this study, for the first time, it is shown that all assessed cells expressed the typical MSC markers (CD90, CD105, and CD73) and lacked the expression of CD14, CD20, CD34, CD45, and HLA-DR. In addition, all cells showed elongated fibroblastic morphology. Post-thaw viability was retained with no difference among the three concentrations. Moreover, no significant statistical difference was observed in the post-thaw apoptosis level, metabolic activity, proliferation, and osteogenic potential, indicating that these cells are amenable to cryopreservation at higher concentrations. Conclusion: The results of this study are of paramount importance to the development of manufacturing processes around a useful freezing concentration when cells are targeted to be stored for at least 6 months.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soukaina Bahsoun
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
| | - Marie-Juliet Brown
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
| | - Karen Coopman
- Centre for Biological Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth C Akam
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wang Z, Hu Y, Wang X, Chen Y, Wu D, Ji H, Yu C, Fang J, Pan C, Wang L, Wang S, Guo Y, Lu Y, Wu D, Ren F, Zhu H, Shi Y. Comparative Analysis of the Therapeutic Effects of Fresh and Cryopreserved Human Umbilical Cord Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Treatment of Psoriasis. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023:10.1007/s12015-023-10556-8. [PMID: 37199874 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10556-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis, an inflammatory autoimmune skin disease, is characterized by scaly white or erythematous plaques, which severely influence patients' quality of life and social activities. Mesenchymal stem cells derived from the human umbilical cord (UCMSCs) represent a promising therapeutic approach for psoriasis because of its unique superiority in ethical agreeableness, abundant source, high proliferation capacity, and immunosuppression. Although cryopreservation provided multiple benefits to the cell therapy, it also greatly compromised clinical benefits of MSCs due to impaired cell functions. The current study aims to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of cryopreserved UCMSCs in a mouse model of psoriasis as well as in patients with psoriasis. Our results showed that cryopreserved and fresh UCMSCs have comparable effects on the suppression of psoriasis-like symptoms such as thickening, erythema, and scaling, and serum IL-17 A secretion in mice model of psoriasis. Moreover, psoriatic patients injected with cryopreserved UCMSCs had a significant improvement in the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI), Physician Global Assessment (PGA), and Patient Global Assessments (PtGAs) scores compared to baseline values. Mechanically, cryopreserved UCMSCs markedly inhibit the proliferation of PHA-activated PBMCs, type 1 T helper (Th1) and type 17 T helper (Th17) cell differentiation and secretion of inflammatory cytokines including IFN-γ, TNF-a and IL-17 A in PBMCs stimulated by anti-CD3/CD28 beads. Taken together, these data indicated that cryopreserved UCMSCs exhibited great beneficial effect on psoriasis. Thus, cryopreserved UCMSCs can be systemically administered as ''off-the-shelf'' cell product for psoriasis therapy. Trial Registration ChiCTR1800019509. Registered on November 15, 2018-Retrospectively registered, http://www.chictr.org.cn/ .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200443, China.
- Sinoneural Cell Engineering Group Holdings Co., Ltd, No. 1188, Lianhang Road, Shanghai, 201100, China.
| | - Yifan Hu
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200443, China
- Institute of Psoriasis, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200443, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Sinoneural Cell Engineering Group Holdings Co., Ltd, No. 1188, Lianhang Road, Shanghai, 201100, China
| | - Youdong Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200443, China
- Institute of Psoriasis, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200443, China
| | - Danfeng Wu
- Sinoneural Cell Engineering Group Holdings Co., Ltd, No. 1188, Lianhang Road, Shanghai, 201100, China
| | - Houli Ji
- Sinoneural Cell Engineering Group Holdings Co., Ltd, No. 1188, Lianhang Road, Shanghai, 201100, China
| | - Cuicui Yu
- Sinoneural Cell Engineering Group Holdings Co., Ltd, No. 1188, Lianhang Road, Shanghai, 201100, China
| | - Jingmeng Fang
- Sinoneural Cell Engineering Group Holdings Co., Ltd, No. 1188, Lianhang Road, Shanghai, 201100, China
| | - Chunrong Pan
- Sinoneural Cell Engineering Group Holdings Co., Ltd, No. 1188, Lianhang Road, Shanghai, 201100, China
| | - Lianjian Wang
- Sinoneural Cell Engineering Group Holdings Co., Ltd, No. 1188, Lianhang Road, Shanghai, 201100, China
| | - Shouxin Wang
- Sinoneural Cell Engineering Group Holdings Co., Ltd, No. 1188, Lianhang Road, Shanghai, 201100, China
| | - Yinhong Guo
- Sinoneural Cell Engineering Group Holdings Co., Ltd, No. 1188, Lianhang Road, Shanghai, 201100, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Sinoneural Cell Engineering Group Holdings Co., Ltd, No. 1188, Lianhang Road, Shanghai, 201100, China
| | - Di Wu
- Sinoneural Cell Engineering Group Holdings Co., Ltd, No. 1188, Lianhang Road, Shanghai, 201100, China
| | - Fangfang Ren
- Sinoneural Cell Engineering Group Holdings Co., Ltd, No. 1188, Lianhang Road, Shanghai, 201100, China
| | - Hao Zhu
- Sinoneural Cell Engineering Group Holdings Co., Ltd, No. 1188, Lianhang Road, Shanghai, 201100, China.
| | - Yuling Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200443, China.
- Institute of Psoriasis, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200443, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Alcayaga-Miranda F, Dutra Silva J, Parada N, Andrade da Silva LH, Ferreira Cruz F, Utreras Y, Hidalgo Y, Cádiz MI, Tapia Limonchi R, Espinoza F, Bruhn A, Khoury M, R. M. Rocco P, Cuenca J. Safety and efficacy of clinical-grade, cryopreserved menstrual blood mesenchymal stromal cells in experimental acute respiratory distress syndrome. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1031331. [PMID: 36793446 PMCID: PMC9923023 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1031331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Treatment for critical care conditions, such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), requires ready-to-administer injectable mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). A validated cryopreserved therapy based on MSCs derived from menstrual blood (MenSCs) is an attractive option that offers advantages over freshly cultured cells and allows its use as an off-the-shelf therapy in acute clinical conditions. The main goal of this study is to provide evidence on the impact of cryopreservation on different biological functions of MenSCs and to determine the optimal therapeutic dose, safety, and efficacy profile of clinical-grade, cryopreserved (cryo)-MenSCs in experimental ARDS. Methods: Biological functions of fresh versus cryo-MenSCs were compared in vitro. The effects of cryo-MenSCs therapy were evaluated in vivo in ARDS-induced (Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide) C57BL/6 mice. After 24 h, the animals were treated with five doses ranging from 0.25×105 to 1.25×106 cells/animal. At 2 and 7 days after induction of ARDS, safety and efficacy were evaluated. Results: Clinical-grade cryo-MenSCs injections improved lung mechanics and reduced alveolar collapse, tissue cellularity, and remodelling, decreasing elastic and collagen fiber content in alveolar septa. In addition, administration of these cells modulated inflammatory mediators and promoted pro-angiogenic and anti-apoptotic effects in lung-injured animals. More beneficial effects were observed with an optimal dose of 4×106 cells/Kg than with higher or lower doses. Conclusion: From a translational perspective, the results showed that clinical-grade cryopreserved MenSCs retain their biological properties and exert a therapeutic effect in mild to moderate experimental ARDS. The optimal therapeutic dose was well-tolerated, safe, and effective, favouring improved lung function. These findings support the potential value of an off-the-shelf MenSCs-based product as a promising therapeutic strategy for treating ARDS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Alcayaga-Miranda
- Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine, Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica (CIIB), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile,Consorcio Regenero, Chilean Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, Santiago, Chile,Cells for Cells, Santiago, Chile,IMPACT, Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Johnatas Dutra Silva
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Nicol Parada
- Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine, Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica (CIIB), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luisa Helena Andrade da Silva
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Ferreira Cruz
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Yildy Utreras
- Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine, Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica (CIIB), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Yessia Hidalgo
- Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine, Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica (CIIB), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile,Consorcio Regenero, Chilean Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, Santiago, Chile,IMPACT, Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - María Ignacia Cádiz
- Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine, Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica (CIIB), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile,Consorcio Regenero, Chilean Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, Santiago, Chile,Cells for Cells, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rafael Tapia Limonchi
- Consorcio Regenero, Chilean Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, Santiago, Chile,Cells for Cells, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco Espinoza
- Cells for Cells, Santiago, Chile,IMPACT, Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alejandro Bruhn
- Departamento de Medicina Intensiva, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Maroun Khoury
- Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine, Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica (CIIB), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile,Consorcio Regenero, Chilean Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, Santiago, Chile,Cells for Cells, Santiago, Chile,IMPACT, Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Patricia R. M. Rocco
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jimena Cuenca
- Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine, Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica (CIIB), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile,Consorcio Regenero, Chilean Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, Santiago, Chile,Cells for Cells, Santiago, Chile,IMPACT, Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy, Santiago, Chile,*Correspondence: Jimena Cuenca,
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Lin M, Cao H, Li J. Control strategies of ice nucleation, growth, and recrystallization for cryopreservation. Acta Biomater 2023; 155:35-56. [PMID: 36323355 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.10.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The cryopreservation of biomaterials is fundamental to modern biotechnology and biomedicine, but the biggest challenge is the formation of ice, resulting in fatal cryoinjury to biomaterials. To date, abundant ice control strategies have been utilized to inhibit ice formation and thus improve cryopreservation efficiency. This review focuses on the mechanisms of existing control strategies regulating ice formation and the corresponding applications to biomaterial cryopreservation, which are of guiding significance for the development of ice control strategies. Herein, basics related to biomaterial cryopreservation are introduced first. Then, the theoretical bases of ice nucleation, growth, and recrystallization are presented, from which the key factors affecting each process are analyzed, respectively. Ice nucleation is mainly affected by melting temperature, interfacial tension, shape factor, and kinetic prefactor, and ice growth is mainly affected by solution viscosity and cooling/warming rate, while ice recrystallization is inhibited by adsorption or diffusion mechanisms. Furthermore, the corresponding research methods and specific control strategies for each process are summarized. The review ends with an outlook of the current challenges and future perspectives in cryopreservation. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Ice formation is the major limitation of cryopreservation, which causes fatal cryoinjury to cryopreserved biomaterials. This review focuses on the three processes related to ice formation, called nucleation, growth, and recrystallization. The theoretical models, key influencing factors, research methods and corresponding ice control strategies of each process are summarized and discussed, respectively. The systematic introduction on mechanisms and control strategies of ice formation is instructive for the cryopreservation development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Lin
- Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for CO(2) Utilization and Reduction Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Haishan Cao
- Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for CO(2) Utilization and Reduction Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Junming Li
- Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for CO(2) Utilization and Reduction Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Shajib MS, Futrega K, Franco RAG, McKenna E, Guillesser B, Klein TJ, Crawford RW, Doran MR. Method for manufacture and cryopreservation of cartilage microtissues. J Tissue Eng 2023; 14:20417314231176901. [PMID: 37529249 PMCID: PMC10387698 DOI: 10.1177/20417314231176901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The financial viability of a cell and tissue-engineered therapy may depend on the compatibility of the therapy with mass production and cryopreservation. Herein, we developed a method for the mass production and cryopreservation of 3D cartilage microtissues. Cartilage microtissues were assembled from either 5000 human bone marrow-derived stromal cells (BMSC) or 5000 human articular chondrocytes (ACh) each using a customized microwell platform (the Microwell-mesh). Microtissues rapidly accumulate homogenous cartilage-like extracellular matrix (ECM), making them potentially useful building blocks for cartilage defect repair. Cartilage microtissues were cultured for 5 or 10 days and then cryopreserved in 90% serum plus 10% dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) or commercial serum-free cryopreservation media. Cell viability was maximized during thawing by incremental dilution of serum to reduce oncotic shock, followed by washing and further culture in serum-free medium. When assessed with live/dead viability dyes, thawed microtissues demonstrated high viability but reduced immediate metabolic activity relative to unfrozen control microtissues. To further assess the functionality of the freeze-thawed microtissues, their capacity to amalgamate into a continuous tissue was assess over a 14 day culture. The amalgamation of microtissues cultured for 5 days was superior to those that had been cultured for 10 days. Critically, the capacity of cryopreserved microtissues to amalgamate into a continuous tissue in a subsequent 14-day culture was not compromised, suggesting that cryopreserved microtissues could amalgamate within a cartilage defect site. The quality ECM was superior when amalgamation was performed in a 2% O2 atmosphere than a 20% O2 atmosphere, suggesting that this process may benefit from the limited oxygen microenvironment within a joint. In summary, cryopreservation of cartilage microtissues is a viable option, and this manipulation can be performed without compromising tissue function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md. Shafiullah Shajib
- School of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, School of Mechanical, Medical, and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Kathryn Futrega
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, School of Mechanical, Medical, and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rose Ann G Franco
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, School of Mechanical, Medical, and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Eamonn McKenna
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, School of Mechanical, Medical, and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Bianca Guillesser
- School of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, School of Mechanical, Medical, and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Travis J Klein
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, School of Mechanical, Medical, and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ross W Crawford
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, School of Mechanical, Medical, and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Michael R Doran
- School of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, School of Mechanical, Medical, and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Mater Research Institute – University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Liu M, Chen C, Yu J, Zhang H, Liang L, Guo B, Qiu Y, Yao F, Zhang H, Li J. The gelatin-based liquid marbles for cell cryopreservation. Mater Today Bio 2022; 17:100477. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
|
19
|
Ho YK, Loke KM, Woo JY, Lee YL, Too HP. Cryopreservation does not change the performance and characteristics of allogenic mesenchymal stem cells highly over-expressing a cytoplasmic therapeutic transgene for cancer treatment. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:519. [PMID: 36376945 PMCID: PMC9663191 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03198-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) driven gene directed enzyme prodrug therapy is a promising approach to deliver therapeutic agents to target heterogenous solid tumours. To democratize such a therapy, cryopreservation along with cold chain transportation is an essential part of the logistical process and supply chain. Previously, we have successfully engineered MSCs by a non-viral DNA transfection approach for prolonged and exceptionally high expression of the fused transgene cytosine deaminase, uracil phosphoribosyl transferase and green fluorescent protein (CD::UPRT::GFP). The aim of this study was to determine the effects of cryopreservation of MSCs engineered to highly overexpress this cytoplasmic therapeutic transgene. Methods Modified MSCs were preserved in a commercially available, GMP-grade cryopreservative—CryoStor10 (CS10) for up to 11 months. Performance of frozen-modified MSCs was compared to freshly modified equivalents in vitro. Cancer killing potency was evaluated using four different cancer cell lines. Migratory potential was assessed using matrigel invasion assay and flow cytometric analysis for CXCR4 expression. Frozen-modified MSC was used to treat canine patients via intra-tumoral injections, or by intravenous infusion followed by a daily dose of 5-flucytosine (5FC). Results We found that cryopreservation did not affect the transgene expression, cell viability, adhesion, phenotypic profile, and migration of gene modified canine adipose tissue derived MSCs. In the presence of 5FC, the thawed and freshly modified MSCs showed comparable cytotoxicity towards one canine and three human cancer cell lines in vitro. These cryopreserved cells were stored for about a year and then used to treat no-option-left canine patients with two different types of cancers and notably, the patients showed progression-free interval of more than 20 months, evidence of the effectiveness in treating spontaneously occurring cancers. Conclusion This study supports the use of cryopreserved, off-the-shelf transiently transfected MSCs for cancer treatment. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-022-03198-z.
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhang T, Huang X, Liu S, Bai X, Zhu X, Clegg DO, Jiang M, Sun X. Determining the optimal stage for cryopreservation of human embryonic stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelial cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:454. [PMID: 36064625 PMCID: PMC9446586 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03141-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human embryonic stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelial cells (hESC-derived RPE) are a promising source for cell-replacement therapy to treat retinal degenerative diseases, but research on RPE cryopreservation is limited. This study aimed to determine the best phase for RPE cryopreservation to preserve the post-thaw function and uncover the mechanism underlying RPE freezing tolerance. Methods hESC-derived RPE cells were cryopreserved at various time points after seeding. After thawing, the survival and attachment rates, RPE marker gene expression, apical-basal polarity, PEDF secretion, transepithelial resistance, and phagocytotic ability of post-thaw RPE cells were evaluated. RNA sequencing was performed on RPE cells at three-time points, differentially expressed genes were identified, and gene ontology, Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes, and protein–protein interaction analyses were used to investigate the key pathways or molecules associated with RPE cell freezing tolerance. Results RPE frozen at passage 2 day 5 (P2D5) had the highest cell viability and attachment after thawing. They also retained properly localized expression of RPE marker genes and biological functions such as PEDF secretion, high transepithelial resistance, and phagocytic ability. The RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that RPE cells at P2D5 expressed high levels of cell cycle/DNA replication and ECM binding associated genes, as well as THBS1, which may serve as a possible hub gene involved in freezing tolerance. We also confirmed that the RPE cells at P2D5 were in the exponential stage with active DNA replication. Conclusions We propose that freezing hESC-derived RPE cells during their exponential phase results in the best post-thawing outcome in terms of cell viability and preservation of RPE cell properties and functions. The high expression levels of the cell cycle and ECM binding associated genes, particularly THBS1, may contribute to better cell recovery at this stage. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-022-03141-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianyu Huang
- National Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Sujun Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyue Bai
- National Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyue Zhu
- National Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Dennis O Clegg
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, USA
| | - Mei Jiang
- National Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Diseases, Shanghai, China. .,Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- National Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ren S, Shu Z, Pan J, Wang Z, Ma R, Peng J, Chen M, Gao D. Single-Mode Electromagnetic Resonance Rewarming for the Cryopreservation of Samples with Large Volumes: A Numerical and Experimental Study. Biopreserv Biobank 2022; 20:317-322. [PMID: 35984939 DOI: 10.1089/bio.2022.0107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid and uniform rewarming has been proved to be beneficial, and sometimes indispensable for the survival of cryopreserved biomaterials, inhibiting ice-recrystallization-devitrification and thermal stress-induced fracture (especially in large samples). To date, the convective water bath remains the gold standard rewarming method for small samples in the clinical settings, but it failed in the large samples (e.g., cryopreserved tissues and organs) due to damage caused by the slow and nonuniform heating. A single-mode electromagnetic resonance (SMER) system was developed to achieve ultrafast and uniform rewarming for large samples. In this study, we investigated the heating effects of the SMER system and compared the heating performance with water bath and air warming. A numerical model was established to further analyze the temperature change and distribution at different time points during the rewarming process. Overall, the SMER system achieved rapid heating at 331.63 ± 8.59°C min-1 while limiting the maximum thermal gradient to <9°C min-1, significantly better than the other two warming methods. The experimental results were highly consistent, indicating SMER is a promising rewarming technology for the successful cryopreservation of large biosamples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shen Ren
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seattle University, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Zhiquan Shu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,School of Engineering and Technology, University of Washington-Tacoma, Tacoma, Washington, USA
| | - Jiaji Pan
- College of Engineering and Design, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ziyuan Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Ruidong Ma
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Ji Peng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Dayong Gao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Dave C, Mei SHJ, McRae A, Hum C, Sullivan KJ, Champagne J, Ramsay T, McIntyre L. Comparison of freshly cultured versus cryopreserved mesenchymal stem cells in animal models of inflammation: A pre-clinical systematic review. eLife 2022; 11:75053. [PMID: 35838024 PMCID: PMC9286731 DOI: 10.7554/elife.75053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells that demonstrate therapeutic potential for the treatment of acute and chronic inflammatory-mediated conditions. Although controversial, some studies suggest that MSCs may lose their functionality with cryopreservation which could render them non-efficacious. Hence, we conducted a systematic review of comparative pre-clinical models of inflammation to determine if there are differences in in vivo measures of pre-clinical efficacy (primary outcomes) and in vitro potency (secondary outcomes) between freshly cultured and cryopreserved MSCs. Methods: A systematic search on OvidMEDLINE, EMBASE, BIOSIS, and Web of Science (until January 13, 2022) was conducted. The primary outcome included measures of in vivo pre-clinical efficacy; secondary outcomes included measures of in vitro MSC potency. Risk of bias was assessed by the SYRCLE ‘Risk of Bias’ assessment tool for pre-clinical studies. Results: Eighteen studies were included. A total of 257 in vivo pre-clinical efficacy experiments represented 101 distinct outcome measures. Of these outcomes, 2.3% (6/257) were significantly different at the 0.05 level or less; 2 favoured freshly cultured and 4 favoured cryopreserved MSCs. A total of 68 in vitro experiments represented 32 different potency measures; 13% (9/68) of the experiments were significantly different at the 0.05 level or less, with seven experiments favouring freshly cultured MSC and two favouring cryopreserved MSCs. Conclusions: The majority of preclinical primary in vivo efficacy and secondary in vitro potency outcomes were not significantly different (p<0.05) between freshly cultured and cryopreserved MSCs. Our systematic summary of the current evidence base may provide MSC basic and clinical research scientists additional rationale for considering a cryopreserved MSC product in their pre-clinical studies and clinical trials as well as help identify research gaps and guide future related research. Funding: Ontario Institute for Regenerative Medicine
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chintan Dave
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Shirley H J Mei
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Andrea McRae
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Christine Hum
- Knowledge Synthesis Group, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada.,University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Katrina J Sullivan
- Knowledge Synthesis Group, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Josee Champagne
- Knowledge Synthesis Group, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada.,Clinical Epidemiology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Tim Ramsay
- Clinical Epidemiology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Lauralyn McIntyre
- Knowledge Synthesis Group, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada.,Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ogawa T, Kajiya M, Horikoshi S, Yoshii H, Yoshino M, Motoike S, Morimoto S, Sone H, Iwata T, Ouhara K, Matsuda S, Mizuno N. Xenotransplantation of cryopreserved human clumps of mesenchymal stem cells/extracellular matrix complexes pretreated with IFN-γ induces rat calvarial bone regeneration. Regen Ther 2022; 20:117-125. [PMID: 35582709 PMCID: PMC9065482 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2022.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Three-dimensional (3D) clumps of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)/extracellular matrix (ECM) complexes, composed with cells and self-produced intact ECM, can be grafted into defect areas without artificial scaffold to induce successful bone regeneration. Moreover, C-MSCs pretreated with IFN-γ (C-MSCsγ) increased the immunomodulatory enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) expression and thereby inhibited T cell activity. Xenotransplantation of human C-MSCsγ suppressed host T cell immune rejection and induced bone regeneration in mice. Besides, we have also reported that C-MSCs retain the 3D structure and bone regenerative property even after cryopreservation. To develop the "off-the-shelf" cell preparation for bone regenerative therapy that is promptly provided when needed, we investigated whether C-MSCsγ can retain the immunosuppressive and osteogenic properties after cryopreservation. Methods Confluent human MSCs that had formed on the cellular sheet were scratched using a micropipette tip and then torn off. The sheet was rolled to make a round clump of cells. The round cell clumps were incubated with a growth medium for 3 days, and then C-MSCs were obtained. To generate C-MSCsγ, after 2 days' culture, C-MSCs were stimulated with 50 ng/ml of IFN-γ. Both C-MSCs and C-MSCsγ were cryopreserved for 2 days and then thawed to obtain Cryo-C-MSCs and Cryo-C-MSCsγ, respectively. The biological properties of those cell clumps were assessed in vitro. In addition, to test whether human Cryo-C-MSCsγ attenuates immune rejection to induce bone regeneration, a xenograft study using a rat calvarial defect was performed. Results Both IFN-γ pretreatment and cryopreservation process did not affect the 3D structure and cell viability in all human cell clumps. Interestingly, Cryo-C-MSCsγ showed significantly increased IDO mRNA expression equivalent to C-MSCsγ. More importantly, xenotransplantation of human C-MSCsγ and Cryo-C-MSCsγ induced rat calvarial bone regeneration by suppressing rat T cells infiltration and the grafted human cells reduction in the grafted area. Finally, there were no human donor cells in the newly formed bone, implying that the bone reconstruction by C-MSCsγ and Cryo-C-MSCsγ can be due to indirect host osteogenesis. Conclusion These findings implied that Cryo-C-MSCsγ can be a promising bone regenerative allograft therapy that can be certainly and promptly supplied on demand.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Ogawa
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Mikihito Kajiya
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Susumu Horikoshi
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yoshii
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Mai Yoshino
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Souta Motoike
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shin Morimoto
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hisakatsu Sone
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Iwata
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Ouhara
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shinji Matsuda
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Noriyoshi Mizuno
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Impact considerations of post-production processes on cell and gene drug products. Cytotherapy 2022; 24:583-589. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2021.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
25
|
Cryoprotectant treatment tests on three morphologically diverse marine dinoflagellates and the cryopreservation of Breviolum sp. (Symbiodiniaceae). Sci Rep 2022; 12:646. [PMID: 35027556 PMCID: PMC8758677 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04227-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Dinoflagellates are among the most diverse group of microalgae. Many dinoflagellate species have been isolated and cultured, and these are used for scientific, industrial, pharmaceutical, and agricultural applications. Maintaining cultures is time-consuming, expensive, and there is a risk of contamination or genetic drift. Cryopreservation offers an efficient means for their long-term preservation. Cryopreservation of larger dinoflagellate species is challenging and to date there has been only limited success. In this study, we explored the effect of cryoprotectant agents (CPAs) and freezing methods on three species: Vulcanodinium rugosum, Alexandrium pacificum and Breviolum sp. A total of 12 CPAs were assessed at concentrations between 5 and 15%, as well as in combination with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and other non-penetrating CPAs. Two freezing techniques were employed: rapid freezing and controlled-rate freezing. Breviolum sp. was successfully cryopreserved using 15% DMSO. Despite exploring different CPAs and optimizing the freezing techniques, we were unable to successfully cryopreserve V. rugosum and A. pacificum. For Breviolum sp. there was higher cell viability (45.4 ± 2.2%) when using the controlled-rate freezing compared to the rapid freezing technique (10.0 ± 2.8%). This optimized cryopreservation protocol will be of benefit for the cryopreservation of other species from the family Symbiodiniaceae.
Collapse
|
26
|
Wu X, Yao F, Zhang H, Li J. Antifreeze proteins and their biomimetics for cell cryopreservation: Mechanism, function and application-A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 192:1276-1291. [PMID: 34634336 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.09.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cell-based therapy is a promising technology for intractable diseases and health care applications, in which cryopreservation has become an essential procedure to realize the production of therapeutic cells. Ice recrystallization is the major factor that affects the post-thaw viability of cells. As a typical series of biomacromolecules with ice recrystallization inhibition (IRI) activity, antifreeze proteins (AFPs) have been employed in cell cryopreservation. Meanwhile, synthesized materials with IRI activity have emerged in the name of biomimetics of AFPs to expand their availability and practicality. However, fabrication of AFPs mimetics is in a chaotic period. There remains little commonality among different AFPs mimetics, then it is difficult to set guidelines on their design. With no doubt, a comprehensive understanding on the antifreezing mechanism of AFPs in molecular level will enable us to rebuild the function of AFPs, and provide convenience to clarify the relationship between structure and function of these early stage biomimetics. In this review, we would discuss those previously reported biomimetics to summarize their structure characteristics concerning the IRI activity and attempt to develop a roadmap for guiding the design of novel AFPs mimetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Fanglian Yao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China; Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China; Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Junjie Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China; Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
De Santis GC, Langhi Junior DM, Feitoza A, Mendrone Junior A, Kutner JM, Covas DT, Couto SCF, Guerino-Cunha RL, Orellana MD, Rizzo SRCP. Associação Brasileira de Hematologia, Hemoterapia e Terapia Celular Consensus on genetically modified cells. V: Manufacture and quality control. Hematol Transfus Cell Ther 2021; 43 Suppl 2:S35-S41. [PMID: 34794795 PMCID: PMC8606711 DOI: 10.1016/j.htct.2021.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T), especially against CD19 marker, present in lymphomas and acute B leukemia, enabled a revolution in the treatment of hematologic neoplastic diseases. The manufacture of CAR-T cells requires the adoption of GMP-compatible methods and it demands the collection of mononuclear cells from the patient (or from the donor), generally through the apheresis procedure, T cell selection, activation, transduction and expansion ex vivo, and finally storage, usually cryopreserved, until the moment of their use. An important aspect is the quality control testing of the final product, for example, the characterization of its identity and purity, tests to detect any contamination by microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, and mycoplasma) and its potency. The product thawing and intravenous infusion do not differ much from what is established for the hematopoietic progenitor cell product. After infusion, it is important to check for the presence and concentration of CAR-T cells in the patient's peripheral blood, as well as to monitor their clinical impact, for instance, the occurrence of short-term, such as cytokine release syndrome and neurological complications, and long-term complications, which require patient follow-up for many years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gil Cunha De Santis
- Hemocentro de Ribeirão Preto, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | - Dimas Tadeu Covas
- Hemocentro de Ribeirão Preto, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Renato L Guerino-Cunha
- Departamento de Imagens Médicas, Hematologia e Oncologia Clínica, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Rivera-Ordaz A, Peli V, Manzini P, Barilani M, Lazzari L. Critical Analysis of cGMP Large-Scale Expansion Process in Bioreactors of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in the Framework of Quality by Design. BioDrugs 2021; 35:693-714. [PMID: 34727354 PMCID: PMC8561684 DOI: 10.1007/s40259-021-00503-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are manufactured as advanced therapy medicinal products for tissue replacement applications. With this aim, the feasibility of hiPSC large-scale expansion in existing bioreactor systems under current good manufacturing practices (cGMP) has been tested. Yet, these attempts have lacked a paradigm shift in culture settings and technologies tailored to hiPSCs, which jeopardizes their clinical translation. The best approach for industrial scale-up of high-quality hiPSCs is to design their manufacturing process by following quality-by-design (QbD) principles: a scientific, risk-based framework for process design based on relating product and process attributes to product quality. In this review, we analyzed the hiPSC expansion manufacturing process implementing the QbD approach in the use of bioreactors, stressing the decisive role played by the cell quantity, quality and costs, drawing key QbD concepts directly from the guidelines of the International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Araceli Rivera-Ordaz
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine-Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Peli
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine-Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Manzini
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine-Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Barilani
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine-Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy.
| | - Lorenza Lazzari
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine-Cell Factory, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Parker BJ, Rhodes DI, O'Brien CM, Rodda AE, Cameron NR. Nerve guidance conduit development for primary treatment of peripheral nerve transection injuries: A commercial perspective. Acta Biomater 2021; 135:64-86. [PMID: 34492374 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.08.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Commercial nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) for repair of peripheral nerve discontinuities are of little use in gaps larger than 30 mm, and for smaller gaps they often fail to compete with the autografts that they are designed to replace. While recent research to develop new technologies for use in NGCs has produced many advanced designs with seemingly positive functional outcomes in animal models, these advances have not been translated into viable clinical products. While there have been many detailed reviews of the technologies available for creating NGCs, none of these have focussed on the requirements of the commercialisation process which are vital to ensure the translation of a technology from bench to clinic. Consideration of the factors essential for commercial viability, including regulatory clearance, reimbursement processes, manufacturability and scale up, and quality management early in the design process is vital in giving new technologies the best chance at achieving real-world impact. Here we have attempted to summarise the major components to consider during the development of emerging NGC technologies as a guide for those looking to develop new technology in this domain. We also examine a selection of the latest academic developments from the viewpoint of clinical translation, and discuss areas where we believe further work would be most likely to bring new NGC technologies to the clinic. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: NGCs for peripheral nerve repairs represent an adaptable foundation with potential to incorporate modifications to improve nerve regeneration outcomes. In this review we outline the regulatory processes that functionally distinct NGCs may need to address and explore new modifications and the complications that may need to be addressed during the translation process from bench to clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bradyn J Parker
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, 22 Alliance Lane, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia; Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Manufacturing, Research Way, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - David I Rhodes
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, 22 Alliance Lane, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia; ReNerve Pty. Ltd., Brunswick East 3057, Australia
| | - Carmel M O'Brien
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Manufacturing, Research Way, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia; Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Science, Technology, Research and innovation Precinct (STRIP), Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Andrew E Rodda
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, 22 Alliance Lane, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Neil R Cameron
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, 22 Alliance Lane, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia; School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Badner A, Reinhardt EK, Nguyen TV, Midani N, Marshall AT, Lepe CA, Echeverria K, Lepe JJ, Torrecampo V, Bertan SH, Tran SH, Anderson AJ, Cummings BJ. Freshly Thawed Cryobanked Human Neural Stem Cells Engraft within Endogenous Neurogenic Niches and Restore Cognitive Function after Chronic Traumatic Brain Injury. J Neurotrauma 2021; 38:2731-2746. [PMID: 34130484 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2021.0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Human neural stem cells (hNSCs) have potential as a cell therapy after traumatic brain injury (TBI). While various studies have demonstrated the efficacy of NSCs from ongoing culture, there is a significant gap in our understanding of freshly thawed cells from cryobanked stocks-a more clinically relevant source. To address these shortfalls, the therapeutic potential of our previously validated Shef-6.0 human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived hNSC line was tested after long-term cryostorage and thawing before transplant. Immunodeficient athymic nude rats received a moderate unilateral controlled cortical impact (CCI) injury. At four weeks post-injury, 6 × 105 freshly thawed hNSCs were transplanted into six injection sites (two ipsi- and four contra-lateral) with 53.4% of cells surviving three months post-transplant. Interestingly, most hNSCs were engrafted in the meninges and the lining of lateral ventricles, associated with high CXCR4 expression and a chemotactic response to SDF1alpha (CXCL12). While some expressed markers of neuron, astrocyte, and oligodendrocyte lineages, the majority remained progenitors, identified through doublecortin expression (78.1%). Importantly, transplantation resulted in improved spatial learning and memory in Morris water maze navigation and reduced risk taking in an elevated plus maze. Investigating potential mechanisms of action, we identified an increase in ipsilateral host hippocampus cornu ammonis (CA) neuron survival, contralateral dentate gyrus (DG) volume, and DG neural progenitor morphology as well as a reduction in neuroinflammation. Together, these findings validate the potential of hNSCs to improve function after TBI and demonstrate that long-term biobanking of cells and thawing aliquots before use may be suitable for clinical deployment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Badner
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Emily K Reinhardt
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Theodore V Nguyen
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Nicole Midani
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Andrew T Marshall
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Cherie A Lepe
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Karla Echeverria
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Javier J Lepe
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Vincent Torrecampo
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Sara H Bertan
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Serinee H Tran
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Aileen J Anderson
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
- Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Brian J Cummings
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
- Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Grabarek AD, Jiskoot W, Hawe A, Pike-Overzet K, Menzen T. Forced degradation of cell-based medicinal products guided by flow imaging microscopy: Explorative studies with Jurkat cells. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 167:38-47. [PMID: 34274457 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cell-based medicinal products (CBMPs) offer ground-breaking opportunities to treat diseases with limited or no therapeutic options. However, the intrinsic complexity of CBMPs results in great challenges with respect to analytical characterization and stability assessment. In our study, we submitted Jurkat cell suspensions to forced degradation studies mimicking conditions to which CBMPs might be exposed from procurement of cells to administration of the product. Flow imaging microscopy assisted by machine learning was applied for determination of cell viability and concentration, and quantification of debris particles. Additionally, orthogonal cell characterization techniques were used. Thawing of cells at 5 °C was detrimental to cell viability and resulted in high numbers of debris particles, in contrast to thawing at 37 °C or 20 °C which resulted in better stability. After freezing of cell suspensions at -18 °C in presence of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), a DMSO concentration of 2.5% (v/v) showed low stabilizing properties, whereas 5% or 10% was protective. Horizontal shaking of cell suspensions did not affect cell viability, but led to a reduction in cell concentration. Fetal bovine serum (10% [v/v]) protected the cells during shaking. In conclusion, forced degradation studies with application of orthogonal analytical characterization methods allow for CBMP stability assessment and formulation screening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A D Grabarek
- Coriolis Pharma, Fraunhoferstraße 18 b, 82152 Martinsried, Germany; Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, the Netherlands
| | - W Jiskoot
- Coriolis Pharma, Fraunhoferstraße 18 b, 82152 Martinsried, Germany; Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, the Netherlands.
| | - A Hawe
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, the Netherlands
| | - K Pike-Overzet
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - T Menzen
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Chang T, Zhao G. Ice Inhibition for Cryopreservation: Materials, Strategies, and Challenges. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2002425. [PMID: 33747720 PMCID: PMC7967093 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202002425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Cryopreservation technology has developed into a fundamental and important supporting method for biomedical applications such as cell-based therapeutics, tissue engineering, assisted reproduction, and vaccine storage. The formation, growth, and recrystallization of ice crystals are the major limitations in cell/tissue/organ cryopreservation, and cause fatal cryoinjury to cryopreserved biological samples. Flourishing anti-icing materials and strategies can effectively regulate and suppress ice crystals, thus reducing ice damage and promoting cryopreservation efficiency. This review first describes the basic ice cryodamage mechanisms in the cryopreservation process. The recent development of chemical ice-inhibition molecules, including cryoprotectant, antifreeze protein, synthetic polymer, nanomaterial, and hydrogel, and their applications in cryopreservation are summarized. The advanced engineering strategies, including trehalose delivery, cell encapsulation, and bioinspired structure design for ice inhibition, are further discussed. Furthermore, external physical field technologies used for inhibiting ice crystals in both the cooling and thawing processes are systematically reviewed. Finally, the current challenges and future perspectives in the field of ice inhibition for high-efficiency cryopreservation are proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tie Chang
- Department of Electronic Science and TechnologyUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Electronic Science and TechnologyUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Croft AS, Guerrero J, Oswald KAC, Häckel S, Albers CE, Gantenbein B. Effect of different cryopreservation media on human nucleus pulposus cells' viability and trilineage potential. JOR Spine 2021; 4:e1140. [PMID: 33778412 PMCID: PMC7983999 DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.1140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Low back pain (LBP) is a significant cause of disability in many countries, affecting more than half a billion people worldwide. In the past, progenitor cells have been found within the nucleus pulposus (NP) of the human intervertebral disc (IVD). However, in the context of cell therapy, little is known about the effect of cryopreservation and expansion on here called "heterogenic" human NP cells (hNPCs), and whether commercially available cryopreservation media are more efficient than "commonly used" media in terms of cell viability. Materials: In this study, hNPCs from four trauma patients (age 40.5 ± 14.3 years) and two patients with degenerated IVDs (age 24 and 46 years), undergoing spinal surgery, were collected. To isolate hNPCs, the tissue was digested with a mild two-step protocol. After subsequent expansion, hNPCs at passages 2-5 were separated and either cryo-preserved for 1 week at -150°C or differentiated into osteogenic, adipogenic, or chondrogenic lineages for 21 days. Cryopreservation was performed with five different media to compare their effect on the cell's viability and differentiation potential. Cell viability was determined with flow cytometry using propidium iodide and the trilineage differentiation potential was assessed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and histological analysis. Results: After 1 week of cryopreservation, the hNPC's cell viability was comparable for all conditions, that is, independent of the cryopreservation medium used (82.3 ± 0.8% of cell viability). Furthermore, hNPCs from trauma patients showed some evidence for adipogenic and chondrogenic differentiation and at lower levels, this and evidence of osteogenic differentiation could be confirmed with hNPCs from degenerated discs. Moreover, cryopreservation did not affect the cell's differentiation potential in the majority of the cases tested. Conclusion: "Commonly used" cryopreservation media seem to perform just as well as commercially available media in terms of cell viability and the overall maintenance of the hNPCs trilineage differentiation potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas S. Croft
- Tissue Engineering for Orthopaedics and Mechanobiology (TOM), The Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR) of the Medical Faculty of the University of BernUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Julien Guerrero
- Tissue Engineering for Orthopaedics and Mechanobiology (TOM), The Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR) of the Medical Faculty of the University of BernUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Katharina A. C. Oswald
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Inselspital, Bern University HospitalUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Sonja Häckel
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Inselspital, Bern University HospitalUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Christoph E. Albers
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Inselspital, Bern University HospitalUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Benjamin Gantenbein
- Tissue Engineering for Orthopaedics and Mechanobiology (TOM), The Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR) of the Medical Faculty of the University of BernUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Inselspital, Bern University HospitalUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Johnstone BH, Messner F, Brandacher G, Woods EJ. A Large-Scale Bank of Organ Donor Bone Marrow and Matched Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Promoting Immunomodulation and Transplant Tolerance. Front Immunol 2021; 12:622604. [PMID: 33732244 PMCID: PMC7959805 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.622604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Induction of immune tolerance for solid organ and vascular composite allografts is the Holy Grail for transplantation medicine. This would obviate the need for life-long immunosuppression which is associated with serious adverse outcomes, such as infections, cancers, and renal failure. Currently the most promising means of tolerance induction is through establishing a mixed chimeric state by transplantation of donor hematopoietic stem cells; however, with the exception of living donor renal transplantation, the mixed chimerism approach has not achieved durable immune tolerance on a large scale in preclinical or clinical trials with other solid organs or vascular composite allotransplants (VCA). Ossium Health has established a bank of cryopreserved bone marrow (BM), termed "hematopoietic progenitor cell (HPC), Marrow," recovered from deceased organ donor vertebral bodies. This new source for hematopoietic cell transplant will be a valuable resource for treating hematological malignancies as well as for inducing transplant tolerance. In addition, we have discovered and developed a large source of mesenchymal stem (stromal) cells (MSC) tightly associated with the vertebral body bone fragment byproduct of the HPC, Marrow recovery process. Thus, these vertebral bone adherent MSC (vBA-MSC) are matched to the banked BM obtained from each donor, as opposed to third-party MSC, which enhances safety and potentially efficacy. Isolation and characterization of vBA-MSC from over 30 donors has demonstrated that the cells are no different than traditional BM-MSC; however, their abundance is >1,000-fold higher than obtainable from living donor BM aspirates. Based on our own unpublished data as well as reports published by others, MSC facilitate chimerism, especially at limiting hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) numbers and increase safety by controlling and/or preventing graft-vs.-host-disease (GvHD). Thus, vBA-MSC have the potential to facilitate mixed chimerism, promote complementary peripheral immunomodulatory functions and increase safety of BM infusions. Both HPC, Marrow and vBA-MSC have potential use in current VCA and solid organ transplant (SOT) tolerance clinical protocols that are amenable to "delayed tolerance." Current trials with HPC, Marrow are planned with subsequent phases to include vBA-MSC for tolerance of both VCA and SOT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian H. Johnstone
- Ossium Health, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Marian University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Franka Messner
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Center of Operative Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gerald Brandacher
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Erik J. Woods
- Ossium Health, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Marian University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Cui ZK, Li SY, Liao K, Wang ZJ, Guo YL, Tang LS, Tang SB, Ma JH, Chen JS. Characteristics of neural growth and cryopreservation of the dorsal root ganglion using three-dimensional collagen hydrogel culture versus conventional culture. Neural Regen Res 2021; 16:1856-1864. [PMID: 33510093 PMCID: PMC8328787 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.306097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In vertebrates, most somatosensory pathways begin with the activation of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. The development of an appropriate DRG culture method is a prerequisite for establishing in vitro peripheral nerve disease models and for screening therapeutic drugs. In this study, we compared the changes in morphology, molecular biology, and transcriptomics of chicken embryo DRG cultured on tissue culture plates (T-DRG) versus three-dimensional collagen hydrogels (C-DRG). Our results showed that after 7 days of culture, the transcriptomics of T-DRG and C-DRG were quite different. The upregulated genes in C-DRG were mainly related to neurogenesis, axon guidance, and synaptic plasticity, whereas the downregulated genes in C-DRG were mainly related to cell proliferation and cell division. In addition, the genes related to cycles/pathways such as the synaptic vesicle cycle, cyclic adenosine monophosphate signaling pathway, and calcium signaling pathway were activated, while those related to cell-cycle pathways were downregulated. Furthermore, neurogenesis- and myelination-related genes were highly expressed in C-DRG, while epithelial–mesenchymal transition-, apoptosis-, and cell division-related genes were suppressed. Morphological results indicated that the numbers of branches, junctions, and end-point voxels per C-DRG were significantly greater than those per T-DRG. Furthermore, cells were scattered in T-DRG and more concentrated in C-DRG, with a higher ratio of 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU)-positive cells in T-DRG compared with C-DRG. C-DRG also had higher S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B) and lower α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression than T-DRG, and contained fewer terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL)-positive cells after 48 hours of serum starvation. After cryopreservation, C-DRG maintained more intact morphological characteristics, and had higher viability and less TUNEL-positive cells than T-DRG. Furthermore, newly formed nerve bundles were able to grow along the existing Schwann cells in C-DRG. These results suggest that C-DRG may be a promising in vitro culture model, with better nerve growth and anti-apoptotic ability, quiescent Schwann cells, and higher viability. Results from this study provide a reference for the construction, storage, and transportation of tissue-engineered nerves. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, China (approval No. 2020-IRB16), on March 15, 2020.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Kai Cui
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University; Aier Eye Institute; Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Shen-Yang Li
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Kai Liao
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhi-Jie Wang
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yong-Long Guo
- Institute of Ophthalmology, Medical College, Jinan University; Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University; Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Luo-Sheng Tang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Shi-Bo Tang
- Aier Eye Institute; Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province; CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jacey Hongjie Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University; Aier Eye Institute, Changsha, Hunan Province; Imaging and Functional Center, Guangzhou Aier Eye Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jian-Su Chen
- Aier Eye Institute; Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province; Institute of Ophthalmology, Medical College, Jinan University; Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University; Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Whaley D, Damyar K, Witek RP, Mendoza A, Alexander M, Lakey JRT. Cryopreservation: An Overview of Principles and Cell-Specific Considerations. Cell Transplant 2021; 30:963689721999617. [PMID: 33757335 PMCID: PMC7995302 DOI: 10.1177/0963689721999617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The origins of low-temperature tissue storage research date back to the late 1800s. Over half a century later, osmotic stress was revealed to be a main contributor to cell death during cryopreservation. Consequently, the addition of cryoprotective agents (CPAs) such as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), glycerol (GLY), ethylene glycol (EG), or propylene glycol (PG), although toxic to cells at high concentrations, was identified as a necessary step to protect against rampant cell death during cryopreservation. In addition to osmotic stress, cooling and thawing rates were also shown to have significant influence on cell survival during low temperature storage. In general, successful low-temperature cell preservation consists of the addition of a CPA (commonly 10% DMSO), alone or in combination with additional permeating or non-permeating agents, cooling rates of approximately 1ºC/min, and storage in either liquid or vapor phase nitrogen. In addition to general considerations, cell-specific recommendations for hepatocytes, pancreatic islets, sperm, oocytes, and stem cells should be observed to maximize yields. For example, rapid cooling is associated with better cryopreservation outcomes for oocytes, pancreatic islets, and embryonic stem cells while slow cooling is recommended for cryopreservation of hepatocytes, hematopoietic stem cells, and mesenchymal stem cells. Yields can be further maximized by implementing additional pre-cryo steps such as: pre-incubation with glucose and anti-oxidants, alginate encapsulation, and selecting cells within an optimal age range and functional ability. Finally, viability and functional assays are critical steps in determining the quality of the cells post-thaw and improving the efficiency of the current cryopreservation methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Whaley
- Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Kimia Damyar
- Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Michael Alexander
- Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan RT Lakey
- Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Bahsoun S, Coopman K, Akam EC. Quantitative assessment of the impact of cryopreservation on human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells: up to 24 h post-thaw and beyond. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:540. [PMID: 33317625 PMCID: PMC7734731 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-02054-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of cryopreservation on human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) are still ill-defined. In this study, a quantitative approach was adopted to measure several post-thaw cell attributes in order to provide an accurate reflection of the freezing and thawing impact. METHODS Fresh and cryopreserved passage-matched cells from three different donors were discretely analysed and compared for their viability, apoptosis level, phenotypic marker expression, metabolic activity, adhesion potential, proliferation rate, colony-forming unit ability (CFUF) and differentiation potentials. RESULTS The results of this study show that cryopreservation reduces cell viability, increases apoptosis level and impairs hBM-MSC metabolic activity and adhesion potential in the first 4 h after thawing. At 24 h post-thaw, cell viability recovered, and apoptosis level dropped but metabolic activity and adhesion potential remained lower than fresh cells. This suggests that a 24-h period is not enough for a full recovery. Beyond 24 h post-thaw, the observed effects are variable for the three cell lines. While no difference is observed in the pre- and post-cryopreservation proliferation rate, cryopreservation reduced the CFUF ability of two of the cell lines and variably affected the adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation potentials of the three cell lines. CONCLUSION The data collected in this study clearly show that fresh and cryopreserved hBM-MSCs are different, and these differences will inevitably introduce variabilities to the product and process development and subsequently imply financial losses. In order to avoid product divergence pre- and post-cryopreservation, effective strategies to mitigate freezing effects must be developed and implemented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soukaina Bahsoun
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, UK.
| | - Karen Coopman
- Centre for Biological Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Elizabeth C Akam
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, UK
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Challenges for Cell-Based Medicinal Products From a Pharmaceutical Product Perspective. J Pharm Sci 2020; 110:1900-1908. [PMID: 33307042 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs), such as somatic cell-therapy medicinal products or tissue-engineered products for human use, offer new and potentially curative opportunities to treat yet untreatable diseases or disorders. For cell-therapy medicinal products (CBMPs), multiple stability and quality challenges exist and relate to the cellular composition and unstable nature of these parenteral preparations. It is the aim of this review to discuss open questions and problems associated with the development, manufacturing and testing of CBMPs from a pharmaceutical drug product perspective. This includes safety, storage and handling, particulates, the choice of container closure systems and integrity. Analytical methods commonly used to evaluate the quality of the final CBMP to ensure patient's safety will be discussed. Particulate contamination in final products deserve special attention since CBMPs cannot be sterile filtered. Visible and sub-visible particles may represent environmental contaminations or may form during storage. They may be introduced from processing materials such as single use product contact materials, ancillary materials, or any components such as primary packaging used for the final product. Currently available analytical methods for detecting particulates may not be easily applicable to CBMPs due to their inherent particulate nature and appearance.
Collapse
|
39
|
Meneghel J, Kilbride P, Morris GJ. Cryopreservation as a Key Element in the Successful Delivery of Cell-Based Therapies-A Review. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:592242. [PMID: 33324662 PMCID: PMC7727450 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.592242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryopreservation is a key enabling technology in regenerative medicine that provides stable and secure extended cell storage for primary tissue isolates and constructs and prepared cell preparations. The essential detail of the process as it can be applied to cell-based therapies is set out in this review, covering tissue and cell isolation, cryoprotection, cooling and freezing, frozen storage and transport, thawing, and recovery. The aim is to provide clinical scientists with an overview of the benefits and difficulties associated with cryopreservation to assist them with problem resolution in their routine work, or to enable them to consider future involvement in cryopreservative procedures. It is also intended to facilitate networking between clinicians and cryo-researchers to review difficulties and problems to advance protocol optimization and innovative design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie Meneghel
- Asymptote, Cytiva, Danaher Corporation, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Kilbride
- Asymptote, Cytiva, Danaher Corporation, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Woods EJ, Sherry AM, Woods JR, Hardin JW, LaFontaine M, Brandacher G, Johnstone BH. Ischemia considerations for the development of an organ and tissue donor derived bone marrow bank. J Transl Med 2020; 18:300. [PMID: 32758261 PMCID: PMC7405448 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02470-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Deceased organ donors represent an untapped source of therapeutic bone marrow (BM) that can be recovered in 3–5 times the volume of that obtained from living donors, tested for quality, cryopreserved, and banked indefinitely for future on-demand use. A challenge for a future BM banking system will be to manage the prolonged ischemia times that are inevitable when bones procured at geographically-dispersed locations are shipped to distant facilities for processing. Our objectives were to: (a) quantify, under realistic field conditions, the relationship between ischemia time and the quality of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) derived from deceased-donor BM; (b) identify ischemia-time boundaries beyond which HSPC quality is adversely affected; (c) investigate whole-body cooling as a strategy for preserving cell quality; and (d) investigate processing experience as a variable affecting quality. Methods Seventy-five bones from 62 donors were analyzed for CD34+ viability following their exposure to various periods of warm-ischemia time (WIT), cold-ischemia time (CIT), and body-cooling time (BCT). Regression models were developed to quantify the independent associations of WIT, CIT, and BCT, with the viability and function of recovered HSPCs. Results Results demonstrate that under “real-world” scenarios: (a) combinations of warm- and cold-ischemia times favorable to the recovery of high-quality HSPCs are achievable (e.g., CD34+ cell viabilities in the range of 80–90% were commonly observed); (b) body cooling prior to bone recovery is detrimental to cell viability (e.g., CD34+ viability < 73% with, vs. > 89% without body cooling); (c) vertebral bodies (VBs) are a superior source of HSPCs compared to ilia (IL) (e.g., %CD34+ viability > 80% when VBs were the source, vs. < 74% when IL were the source); and (d) processing experience is a critical variable affecting quality. Conclusions Our models can be used by an emerging BM banking system to formulate ischemia-time tolerance limits and data-driven HSPC quality-acceptance standards.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erik J Woods
- Ossium Health, Inc., 5742 W. 74th St, Indianapolis, IN, 46278, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Marian University, 3200 Cold Spring Rd, Indianapolis, IN, 46222, USA. .,Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, 975 W. Walnut St., Medical Research Library Building, IB 130, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
| | - Aubrey M Sherry
- Ossium Health, Inc., 5742 W. 74th St, Indianapolis, IN, 46278, USA.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Marian University, 3200 Cold Spring Rd, Indianapolis, IN, 46222, USA
| | - John R Woods
- Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, 1050 Wishard Blvd, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - James W Hardin
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly St, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Michael LaFontaine
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Marian University, 3200 Cold Spring Rd, Indianapolis, IN, 46222, USA
| | - Gerald Brandacher
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 601 N. Caroline St, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Brian H Johnstone
- Ossium Health, Inc., 5742 W. 74th St, Indianapolis, IN, 46278, USA.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Marian University, 3200 Cold Spring Rd, Indianapolis, IN, 46222, USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Hoogendoorn KH, Crommelin DJA, Jiskoot W. Formulation of Cell-Based Medicinal Products: A Question of Life or Death? J Pharm Sci 2020; 110:1885-1894. [PMID: 32649938 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The formulation of cell-based medicinal products (CBMPs) poses major challenges because of their complexity, heterogeneity, interaction with their environment (e.g., the formulation buffer, interfaces), and susceptibility to degradation. These challenges can be quality, safety, and efficacy related. In this commentary we discuss the current status in formulation strategies of off-the-shelf and non-off-the-shelf (patient-specific) CBMPs and highlight advantages and disadvantages of each strategy. Analytical tools for the characterization and stability assessment of CBMP formulations are addressed as well. Finally, we discuss unmet needs and make some recommendations regarding the formulation of CBMPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karin H Hoogendoorn
- Leiden University Medical Center, Hospital Pharmacy, Interdivisional GMP Facility, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Daan J A Crommelin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Wim Jiskoot
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Zhang Y, Williams III RO, Tucker HO. Formulation strategies in immunotherapeutic pharmaceutical products. World J Clin Oncol 2020; 11:275-282. [PMID: 32728530 PMCID: PMC7360519 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v11.i5.275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Development of immunologic-based biopharmaceutical products have strikingly increased in recent years and have made evident contributions to human health. Antibodies are the leading entity in immunotherapy, while chimeric antigen receptor T cells therapies are the advent of a novel strategy in this area. In order to enable antibody candidates or cells available as products, formulation is critical in terms of stabilize molecules or cells to achieve practical shelf life, storage and handling conditions. Here we provide a concise and contemporary review of ongoing formulation strategies and excipients used in approved antibodies and cellular therapeutic products. Excipients are categorized, and their function in formulations are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Zhang
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States
| | - Robert O Williams III
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States
| | - Haley Oana Tucker
- Departments of Bioengineering and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Amini M, Niemi E, Hisdal J, Kalvøy H, Tronstad C, Scholz H, Rosales A, Martinsen ØG. Monitoring the quality of frozen-thawed venous segments using bioimpedance spectroscopy. Physiol Meas 2020; 41:044008. [PMID: 32235072 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6579/ab85b7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Storage at temperatures as low as -80 °C and below (cryopreservation) is considered a method for long-term preservation of cells and tissues, and especially blood vessel segments, which are to be used for clinical operations such as transplantation. However, the freezing and thawing processes themselves can induce injuries to the cells and tissue by damaging the structure and consequently functionality of the cryopreserved tissue. In addition, the level of damage is dependent on the rate of cooling and warming used during the freezing-thawing process. Current methods for monitoring the viability and integrity of cells and tissues after going through the freezing-thawing cycle are usually invasive and destructive to the cells and tissues. Therefore, employing monitoring methods which are not destructive to the cryopreserved tissues, such as bioimpedance measurement techniques, is necessary. In this study we aimed to design a bioimpedance measurement setup to detect changes in venous segments after freezing-thawing cycles in a noninvasive manner. APPROACH A bioimpedance spectroscopy measurement technique with a two-electrode setup was employed to monitor ovine jugular vein segments after each cycle during a process of seven freezing-thawing cycles. MAIN RESULTS The results demonstrated changes in the impedance spectra of the measured venous segments after each freezing-thawing cycle. SIGNIFICANCE This indicates that bioimpedance spectroscopy has the potential to be developed into a novel method for non-invasive and non-destructive monitoring of the viability of complex tissue after cryopreservation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Amini
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Kagihiro M, Fukumori K, Horiguchi I, Kim MH, Kino-oka M. Suppression of time-dependent decay by controlling the redox balance of human induced pluripotent stem cells suspended in a cryopreservation solution. Biochem Eng J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2019.107465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
45
|
Zhu H, Blum RH, Bjordahl R, Gaidarova S, Rogers P, Lee TT, Abujarour R, Bonello GB, Wu J, Tsai PF, Miller JS, Walcheck B, Valamehr B, Kaufman DS. Pluripotent stem cell-derived NK cells with high-affinity noncleavable CD16a mediate improved antitumor activity. Blood 2020; 135:399-410. [PMID: 31856277 PMCID: PMC7005364 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2019000621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) is a key effector mechanism of natural killer (NK) cells that is mediated by therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). This process is facilitated by the Fc receptor CD16a on human NK cells. CD16a appears to be the only activating receptor on NK cells that is cleaved by the metalloprotease a disintegrin and metalloproteinase-17 upon stimulation. We previously demonstrated that a point mutation of CD16a prevents this activation-induced surface cleavage. This noncleavable CD16a variant is now further modified to include the high-affinity noncleavable variant of CD16a (hnCD16) and was engineered into human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to create a renewable source for human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived NK (hnCD16-iNK) cells. Compared with unmodified iNK cells and peripheral blood-derived NK (PB-NK) cells, hnCD16-iNK cells proved to be highly resistant to activation-induced cleavage of CD16a. We found that hnCD16-iNK cells were functionally mature and exhibited enhanced ADCC against multiple tumor targets. In vivo xenograft studies using a human B-cell lymphoma demonstrated that treatment with hnCD16-iNK cells and anti-CD20 mAb led to significantly improved regression of B-cell lymphoma compared with treatment utilizing anti-CD20 mAb with PB-NK cells or unmodified iNK cells. hnCD16-iNK cells, combined with anti-HER2 mAb, also mediated improved survival in an ovarian cancer xenograft model. Together, these findings show that hnCD16-iNK cells combined with mAbs are highly effective against hematologic malignancies and solid tumors that are typically resistant to NK cell-mediated killing, demonstrating the feasibility of producing a standardized off-the-shelf engineered NK cell therapy with improved ADCC properties to treat malignancies that are otherwise refractory.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
- Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity
- Antigens, CD20/immunology
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/therapeutic use
- Cell Line
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Female
- Humans
- Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/cytology
- Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/cytology
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/transplantation
- Lymphoma, B-Cell/immunology
- Lymphoma, B-Cell/therapy
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, SCID
- Ovarian Neoplasms/immunology
- Ovarian Neoplasms/therapy
- Receptors, IgG/immunology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huang Zhu
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Robert H Blum
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jianming Wu
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN; and
| | | | - Jeffrey S Miller
- Department of Medicine and Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Bruce Walcheck
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN; and
| | | | - Dan S Kaufman
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Gabbutt C, Shen W, Seifert J, Contera S. AFM nanoindentation reveals decrease of elastic modulus of lipid bilayers near freezing point of water. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19473. [PMID: 31857622 PMCID: PMC6923397 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55519-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell lipid membranes are the primary site of irreversible injury during freezing/thawing and cryopreservation of cells, but the underlying causes remain unknown. Here, we probe the effect of cooling from 20 °C to 0 °C on the structure and mechanical properties of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) bilayers using atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging and AFM-based nanoindentation in a liquid environment. The Young's modulus of elasticity (E) at each temperature for DPPC was obtained at different ionic strengths. Both at 20 mM and 150 mM NaCl, E of DPPC bilayers increases exponentially -as expected-as the temperature is lowered between 20 °C and 5 °C, but at 0 °C E drops from the values measured at 5 °C. Our results support the hypothesis that mechanical weakening of the bilayer at 0 °C is produced by structural changes at the lipid-fluid interface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Calum Gabbutt
- Clarendon Laboratory, Physics Department, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - Wuyi Shen
- Clarendon Laboratory, Physics Department, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - Jacob Seifert
- Clarendon Laboratory, Physics Department, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - Sonia Contera
- Clarendon Laboratory, Physics Department, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Cryopreservation timing is a critical process parameter in a thymic regulatory T-cell therapy manufacturing protocol. Cytotherapy 2019; 21:1216-1233. [PMID: 31810768 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2019.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are a promising therapy for several immune-mediated conditions but manufacturing a homogeneous and consistent product, especially one that includes cryopreservation, has been challenging. Discarded pediatric thymuses are an excellent source of therapeutic Tregs with advantages including cell quantity, homogeneity and stability. Here we report systematic testing of activation reagents, cell culture media, restimulation timing and cryopreservation to develop a Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP)-compatible method to expand and cryopreserve Tregs. By comparing activation reagents, including soluble antibody tetramers, antibody-conjugated beads and artificial antigen-presenting cells (aAPCs) and different media, we found that the combination of Dynabeads Treg Xpander and ImmunoCult-XF medium preserved FOXP3 expression and suppressive function and resulted in expansion that was comparable with a single stimulation with aAPCs. Cryopreservation tests revealed a critical timing effect: only cells cryopreserved 1-3 days, but not >3 days, after restimulation maintained high viability and FOXP3 expression upon thawing. Restimulation timing was a less critical process parameter than the time between restimulation and cryopreservation. This systematic testing of key variables provides increased certainty regarding methods for in vitro expansion and cryopreservation of Tregs. The ability to cryopreserve expanded Tregs will have broad-ranging applications including enabling centralized manufacturing and long-term storage of cell products.
Collapse
|
48
|
Bahsoun S, Coopman K, Akam EC. The impact of cryopreservation on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells: a systematic review. J Transl Med 2019; 17:397. [PMID: 31783866 PMCID: PMC6883667 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-02136-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent an invaluable asset for the field of cell therapy. Human Bone marrow-derived MSCs (hBM-MSCs) are one of the most commonly used cell types in clinical trials. They are currently being studied and tested for the treatment of a wide range of diseases and conditions. The future availability of MSCs therapies to the public will require a robust and reliable delivery process. Cryopreservation represents the gold standard in cell storage and transportation, but its effect on BM-MSCs is still not well established. A systematic review was conducted to evaluate the impact of cryopreservation on BM-MSCs and to attempt to uncover the reasons behind some of the controversial results reported in the literature. Forty-one in vitro studies were analysed, and their results organised according to the cell attributes they assess. It was concluded that cryopreservation does not affect BM-MSCs morphology, surface marker expression, differentiation or proliferation potential. However, mixed results exist regarding the effect on colony forming ability and the effects on viability, attachment and migration, genomic stability and paracrine function are undefined mainly due to the huge variabilities governing the cryopreservation process as a whole and to the lack of standardised assays.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soukaina Bahsoun
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Karen Coopman
- Centre for Biological Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Elizabeth C Akam
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Grant L, Raman R, Cvetkovic C, Ferrall-Fairbanks MC, Pagan-Diaz GJ, Hadley P, Ko E, Platt MO, Bashir R. Long-Term Cryopreservation and Revival of Tissue-Engineered Skeletal Muscle. Tissue Eng Part A 2019; 25:1023-1036. [PMID: 30412045 PMCID: PMC6916121 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2018.0202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT The ability to freeze, revive, and prolong the lifetime of tissue-engineered skeletal muscle without incurring any loss of function represents a significant advancement in the field of tissue engineering. Cryopreservation enables the efficient fabrication, storage, and shipment of these tissues. This in turn facilitates multidisciplinary collaboration between research groups, enabling advances in skeletal muscle regenerative medicine, organ-on-a-chip models of disease, drug testing, and soft robotics. Furthermore, the observation that freezing undifferentiated skeletal muscle enhances functional performance may motivate future studies developing stronger and more clinically relevant engineered muscle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Grant
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
- Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Ritu Raman
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Caroline Cvetkovic
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
- Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Meghan C. Ferrall-Fairbanks
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Gelson J. Pagan-Diaz
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
- Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Pierce Hadley
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Eunkyung Ko
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
- Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Manu O. Platt
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Rashid Bashir
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
- Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Panch SR, Srivastava SK, Elavia N, McManus A, Liu S, Jin P, Highfill SL, Li X, Dagur P, Kochenderfer JN, Fry TJ, Mackall CL, Lee D, Shah NN, Stroncek DF. Effect of Cryopreservation on Autologous Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Characteristics. Mol Ther 2019; 27:1275-1285. [PMID: 31178392 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2019.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As clinical applications for chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CART) therapy extend beyond early phase trials, commercial manufacture incorporating cryopreservation steps becomes a logistical necessity. The effect of cryopreservation on CART characteristics is unclear. We retrospectively evaluated the effect of cryopreservation on product release criteria and in vivo characteristics in 158 autologous CART products from 6 single-center clinical trials. Further, from 3 healthy donor manufacturing runs, we prospectively identified differentially expressed cell surface markers and gene signatures among fresh versus cryopreserved CARTs. Within 2 days of culture initiation, cell viability of the starting fraction (peripheral blood mononuclear cells [PBMNCs]) decreased significantly in the cryo-thawed arm compared to the fresh arm. Despite this, PBMNC cryopreservation did not affect final CART fold expansion, transduction efficiency, CD3%, or CD4:CD8 ratios. In vivo CART persistence and clinical responses did not differ among fresh and cryopreserved final products. In healthy donors, compared to fresh CARTs, early apoptotic cell-surface markers were significantly elevated in cryo-thawed CARTs. Cryo-thawed CARTs also demonstrated significantly elevated expression of mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis signaling, and cell cycle damage pathways. Cryopreservation during CART manufacture is a viable strategy, based on standard product release parameters. The clinical impact of cryopreservation-related subtle micro-cellular damage needs further study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandhya R Panch
- Center for Cellular Engineering, NIH Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | | | - Nasha Elavia
- Center for Cellular Engineering, NIH Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrew McManus
- Center for Cellular Engineering, NIH Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shutong Liu
- Center for Cellular Engineering, NIH Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ping Jin
- Center for Cellular Engineering, NIH Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Steven L Highfill
- Center for Cellular Engineering, NIH Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xiaobai Li
- Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology Service, NIH Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Pradeep Dagur
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Terry J Fry
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Crystal L Mackall
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Daniel Lee
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Nirali N Shah
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - David F Stroncek
- Center for Cellular Engineering, NIH Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|