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Luo X, Ni X, Zhi J, Jiang X, Bai R. Small molecule agents against alopecia: Potential targets and related pathways. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 276:116666. [PMID: 39002436 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Alopecia has emerged as a global concern, extending beyond the middle-aged and elderly population and increasingly affecting younger individuals. Despite its growing prevalence, the treatment options and effective drugs for alopecia remain limited due to the incomplete understanding of its underlying mechanisms. Therefore, it is urgent to explore the pathogenesis of alopecia and discover novel and safer therapeutic agents. This review provided an overview of the prevailing clinical disorders of alopecia, and the key pathways and targets involved in hair growth process. Additionally, it discusses FDA-approved drugs and clinical candidates for the treatment of alopecia, and explores small molecule compounds with anti-alopecia potential in the drug discovery phase. These endeavors are expected to provide researchers with valuable scientific insights and practical information for anti-alopecia drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, PR China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-tumor Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, PR China
| | - Xinhua Ni
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, PR China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-tumor Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, PR China
| | - Jia Zhi
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, PR China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-tumor Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, PR China
| | - Xiaoying Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, PR China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-tumor Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, PR China
| | - Renren Bai
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, PR China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-tumor Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, PR China.
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Saslow LR, O'Brien A, Raymond K, Bayandorian H, Marriott D, Moskowitz JT, Daubenmier J, Bridges D, Cousineau CM, Griauzde DH. Feasibility and acceptability of an online multicomponent very low-carbohydrate intervention in young adult women with obesity: a pilot study. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2024; 10:102. [PMID: 39075617 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-024-01525-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Approximately one-third of US young adults (18-25 years) have obesity, and there are calls to help young adults lose weight to prevent weight-related chronic conditions. This pilot trial tested the feasibility and acceptability of a very low-carbohydrate (VLC) eating pattern, with supportive positive affect and mindful eating skills, for weight management among young females with obesity. METHODS In a single-arm trial, women (N = 17), aged 19-23, with obesity participated in a 4-month diet and lifestyle intervention. Participants were taught how to follow a VLC eating pattern with the help of a coach and 16 weekly web-based sessions. We assessed feasibility and acceptability through session participation, outcome collection, intervention satisfaction, and adverse events. RESULTS Seventeen participants enrolled and 14 (82%) reported body weight at 4 months. Fifteen participants (94% of those beginning the intervention) viewed at least one session, and 8/15 (53%) of these participants were active in the intervention, viewing at least half of the sessions. Among the nine participants who provided 4-month self-report information, intervention satisfaction was high (mean 5.89/7, 95% CI 4.59 to 7.19). Among participants with a 4-month body weight, 7/14 (50%) lost ≥ 5% of their body weight, and of those who were also active in the intervention, 6/7 (86%) lost ≥ 5% of their body weight. There were no serious adverse events. CONCLUSIONS The results of this pilot study suggest that a VLC eating pattern may be a feasible and acceptable approach for weight loss in some young women with obesity. TRIAL REGISTRATION This trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov on August 18, 2021. The trial number is NCT05010083.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura R Saslow
- Department of Health Behavior and Biological Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Alison O'Brien
- Department of Health Behavior and Biological Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Raymond
- Department of Health Behavior and Biological Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Deanna Marriott
- Department of Health Behavior and Biological Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Judith T Moskowitz
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jennifer Daubenmier
- Institute of Holistic Health Studies, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Dave Bridges
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Cody M Cousineau
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Dina H Griauzde
- VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Hossain MM, Khalid A, Akhter Z, Parveen S, Ayaz MO, Bhat AQ, Badesra N, Showket F, Dar MS, Ahmed F, Dhiman S, Kumar M, Singh U, Hussain R, Keshari P, Mustafa G, Nargorta A, Taneja N, Gupta S, Mir RA, Kshatri AS, Nandi U, Khan N, Ramajayan P, Yadav G, Ahmed Z, Singh PP, Dar MJ. Discovery of a novel and highly selective JAK3 inhibitor as a potent hair growth promoter. J Transl Med 2024; 22:370. [PMID: 38637842 PMCID: PMC11025159 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05144-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
JAK-STAT signalling pathway inhibitors have emerged as promising therapeutic agents for the treatment of hair loss. Among different JAK isoforms, JAK3 has become an ideal target for drug discovery because it only regulates a narrow spectrum of γc cytokines. Here, we report the discovery of MJ04, a novel and highly selective 3-pyrimidinylazaindole based JAK3 inhibitor, as a potential hair growth promoter with an IC50 of 2.03 nM. During in vivo efficacy assays, topical application of MJ04 on DHT-challenged AGA and athymic nude mice resulted in early onset of hair regrowth. Furthermore, MJ04 significantly promoted the growth of human hair follicles under ex-vivo conditions. MJ04 exhibited a reasonably good pharmacokinetic profile and demonstrated a favourable safety profile under in vivo and in vitro conditions. Taken together, we report MJ04 as a highly potent and selective JAK3 inhibitor that exhibits overall properties suitable for topical drug development and advancement to human clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mehedi Hossain
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Arfan Khalid
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India
| | - Zaheen Akhter
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India
| | - Sabra Parveen
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Mir Owais Ayaz
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Aadil Qadir Bhat
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Neetu Badesra
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Farheen Showket
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Mohmmad Saleem Dar
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Farhan Ahmed
- Division of Neuroscience and Ageing Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Sumit Dhiman
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar
- Medicinal Product Chemistry, Sussex Drug Discovery Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QG, UK
| | - Umed Singh
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India
| | - Razak Hussain
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Pankaj Keshari
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ghulam Mustafa
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India
| | - Amit Nargorta
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India
| | - Neha Taneja
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Somesh Gupta
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Riyaz A Mir
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Aravind Singh Kshatri
- Division of Neuroscience and Ageing Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Utpal Nandi
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India
| | - Nooruddin Khan
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - P Ramajayan
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India
| | - Govind Yadav
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India
| | - Zabeer Ahmed
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India
| | - Parvinder Pal Singh
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India.
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India.
| | - Mohd Jamal Dar
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India.
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India.
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Dudonné S, Kern C, Garcia C. Efficacy of a wheat polar lipid complex in reducing hair loss and improving hair growth in healthy women: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study. Int J Cosmet Sci 2024; 46:284-296. [PMID: 37935579 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hair loss is a major source of psychological distress for affected people. Safe and natural ingredients are therefore needed to help reduce hair loss and stimulate hair growth. This pilot clinical study aimed at exploring the efficacy of a wheat polar lipid complex (WPLC, Ceramosides™), containing sphingolipids and digalactosyl diglycerides, on hair characteristics improvement in women showing acute hair shedding. METHODS Sixty-six women presenting a proportion of hair in the telogen phase greater than 15% were recruited and allocated to two groups, each including at least 10 postmenopausal women. For 84 days, participants consumed 30 mg/day of the WPLC supplement, or the placebo. Their hair characteristics were assessed after 56 and 84 days using phototrichogram evaluations of hairs in anagen/telogen phases, measuring hair shedding by a pull test, hair diameter and elongation at break point, hair growth and scalp sebum content. Hair density and volume were also clinically evaluated. All these parameters were also investigated in the subgroup of postmenopausal women. RESULTS WPLC supplementation decreased telogen hair density/proportion while increasing the anagen hair density/proportion. These effects were significant compared with the placebo as early as within 56 days. It also led to reduced hair shedding upon pull test analyses. If no changes were evidenced in hair diameter, WPLC improved hair growth and resistance to breakage after 84 days. Clinical evaluations also showed hair density and volume improvement. Furthermore, supplementation decreased scalp sebum content in women with oily hair. The beneficial effects were also observed in the subgroup of postmenopausal women. Finally, WPLC supplementation improved participants' perception of their hair conditions. CONCLUSION Through a reducing effect on hair shedding and a stimulating effect on hair reappearance and growth, WPLC dietary supplementation was shown to significantly reduce hair loss in women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Catherine Kern
- Seppic Research and Innovation, La Garenne Colombes, France
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Heagerty A, Wales RA, Coleman K. Effects of Seasonality and Pregnancy on Hair Loss and Regrowth in Rhesus Macaques. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:747. [PMID: 38473132 PMCID: PMC10930718 DOI: 10.3390/ani14050747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Several studies have examined the etiology of alopecia, or hair loss, in rhesus macaques. While outcomes differ across studies, some commonalities have emerged. Females, particularly pregnant females, show more alopecia than males, and alopecia follows a seasonal pattern. Much research has explored causes of hair loss; however, alopecia can result from lack of hair growth in addition to hair loss. To better understand how sex, reproductive state, and season affect alopecia, we followed 241 rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) in outdoor breeding groups over one year, recording both alopecia severity and presence of hair regrowth. We found that both alopecia and hair regrowth followed a seasonal pattern; alopecia was highest in spring and lowest in late summer, while regrowth started in spring and peaked in late summer. Reproductive state also correlated with both alopecia and hair growth. Females in their third trimester had the highest average level of alopecia and the lowest amount of hair regrowth. Regrowth resumed postpartum, regardless of whether females were rearing an infant. Results indicate that the seasonal pattern of alopecia is due in part to the seasonal limitations on hair regrowth, and that breeding, which also occurs seasonally in rhesus macaques, may further suppress hair regrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison Heagerty
- Animal Resources & Research Support, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA (K.C.)
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Lee J, Ryu HJ, Hwang SY, Koh SB. Hair Loss: A Well-Known Yet Understudied Symptom in Parkinson's Disease Patients During Dopaminergic Therapy. J Mov Disord 2024; 17:47-54. [PMID: 37748925 PMCID: PMC10846976 DOI: 10.14802/jmd.23088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hair loss has been reported to occur during dopaminergic therapy in patients with Parkinson's disease. The mechanism by which dopaminergic therapy induces hair loss is not well understood. Dopamine receptors are present in the hair follicle, where they regulate melanin production. However, the role of dopamine receptors in hair growth is still not well understood. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of hair loss and identify factors associated with complaints of hair loss in patients with Parkinson's disease. METHODS A cross-sectional design involving 495 Parkinson's disease patients was applied to evaluate hair loss status. Patients completed a questionnaire, and scalp/hair examinations were performed. Patients with underlying conditions that could affect hair loss and those prescribed medications known to increase the risk of hair loss were excluded. Finally, 291 patients (58.8%) were included for analysis. RESULTS Among the 495 patients, 138 (27.9%) reported hair loss. Interestingly, more than half of the patients who complained of hair loss (79 out of 138) did not utilize treatments such as hair products, massage, dietary modifications, or alopecia medications. Hair inspection by a single investigator revealed objective hair loss in 263 patients (53.1%). An analysis of factors associated with hair loss complaints showed that the intake of dopaminergic medications with a levodopa-equivalent daily dose > 448 mg was associated with complaints of hair loss. CONCLUSION Dopaminergic medication is associated with hair loss complaints in Parkinson's disease patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungyeun Lee
- Department of Neurology and Parkinson’s Disease Center, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hwa Jung Ryu
- Department of Dermatology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
| | - Soon Young Hwang
- Department of Biostatistics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong-Beom Koh
- Department of Neurology and Parkinson’s Disease Center, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Wal P, Wal A. CBD: A Potential Lead against Hair Loss, Alopecia, and its Potential Mechanisms. Curr Drug Discov Technol 2024; 21:e200723218949. [PMID: 37475557 DOI: 10.2174/1570163820666230720153607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nowadays, the majority of the population suffers from the problem of hair loss. It leads to disturbed mental health, lower self-confidence, and a lot more problems. A lot of the hair loss therapies available are not reliable and lead to recurrence and side effects after some time. Cannabinoids (CBD) have recently become quite popular for their benefits against hair loss. CBD oil preparations have been used both internally and externally for oral and topical use, respectively. Due to the presence of the endocannabinoid system (ECS) in the body, which naturally targets CB1 and CB2 receptors, the control of hair fall is possible. CBD is used topically for hair loss, whereas it is administered orally for the treatment and management of a medical condition, i.e., alopecia. AIM/OBJECTIVE The present review aimed to provide an in-depth study on hair loss and its management using CBD and its associated mechanisms. METHODS Electronic databases, such as ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, PubMed, Wiley, Springer, and Scopus, were thoroughly searched for information about how CBD is used, how it works, and what role it plays in treating alopecia and hair loss. RESULTS This review has highlighted the use of CBD-based hair loss therapy, and described various types of hair loss and their treatments. This review also details the phytocannabinoids and the potential mechanisms of CBD's activity against hair loss and alopecia. CONCLUSION The data obtained from the literature regarding CBD and hair loss provide a scientific basis for CBD use in alopecia. Additionally, a more precise and comprehensive study concerning CBD needs to be carried out at the pre-clinical and clinical levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranay Wal
- Department of Pharmacy, Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology (Pharmacy) NH19 Bhaunti Kanpur, India
| | - Ankita Wal
- Department of Pharmacy, Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology (Pharmacy) NH19 Bhaunti Kanpur, India
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Gupta AK, Polla Ravi S, Wang T, Talukder M, Starace M, Piraccini BM. Systematic review of mesotherapy: a novel avenue for the treatment of hair loss. J DERMATOL TREAT 2023; 34:2245084. [PMID: 37558233 DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2023.2245084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Mesotherapy is a technique by which lower doses of therapeutic agents and bioactive substances are administered by intradermal injections to the skin. Through intradermal injections, mesotherapy can increase the residence time of therapeutic agents in the affected area, thus allowing for the use of lower doses and longer intervals between sessions which may in turn improve the treatment outcome and patient compliance. This systematic review aims to summarize the current literature that evaluates the efficacy of this technique for the treatment of hair loss and provides an overview of the results observed. Of the 416 records identified, 27 articles met the inclusion criteria. To date, mesotherapy using 6 classes of agents and their combinations have been studied; this includes dutasteride, minoxidil, growth factors or autologous suspension, botulinum toxin A, stem cells, and mesh solutions/multivitamins. While several studies report statistically significant improvements in hair growth after treatment, there is currently a lack of standardized regimens. The emergence of adverse effects after mesotherapy has been reported. Further large-scale and controlled clinical trials are warranted to evaluate the utility of mesotherapy for hair loss disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya K Gupta
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto School of Medicine, Toronto, Canada
- Mediprobe Research Inc, London, Canada
| | | | - Tong Wang
- Mediprobe Research Inc, London, Canada
| | - Mesbah Talukder
- Mediprobe Research Inc, London, Canada
- School of Pharmacy, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Michela Starace
- Dermatology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero, Universitaria di Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Bianca Maria Piraccini
- Dermatology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero, Universitaria di Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy
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Wu X, Du YZ. Nanodrug Delivery Strategies to Signaling Pathways in Alopecia. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:5396-5415. [PMID: 37817669 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Over 50% of the global population suffers from hair loss. The mixed results in the treatment of hair loss reveal the limitations of conventional commercial topical drugs. One the one hand, the definite pathogenesis of hair loss is still an enigma. On the other hand, targeted drug carriers ensure the drug therapeutic effect and low side effects. This review highlights the organization and overview of nine crucial signaling pathways associated with hair loss, as well as the development of nanobased topical delivery systems loading the clinical drugs, which will fuel emerging hair loss treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochuan Wu
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321299, China
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Yong-Zhong Du
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321299, China
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
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Abstract
Noninflammatory alopecia is common in dogs and is a frequent cause to consult a veterinarian. It is also a common reason to take biopsies. Noninflammatory alopecia can be attributed to a decreased formation or cytodifferentiation of the hair follicle or the hair shaft in utero, resulting in congenital alopecia. Congenital alopecia often has a hereditary cause, and examples of such disorders are ectodermal dysplasias associated with gene variants of the ectodysplasin A gene. Noninflammatory alopecia may also be caused by impaired postnatal regeneration of hair follicles or shafts. Such disorders may have a clear breed predilection, and alopecia starts early in life. A hereditary background is suspected in those cases but has not been proven. They are referred to as follicular dysplasia although some of these disorders present histologically like a hair cycle disturbance. Late-onset alopecia is usually acquired and may be associated with endocrinopathies. Other possible causes are impaired vascular perfusion or stress. As the hair follicle has limited possible responses to altered regulation, and histopathology may change during the course of a disease, a detailed clinical history, thorough clinical examination including blood work, appropriate biopsy site selection, and detailed histological findings need to be combined to achieve a final diagnosis. This review aims to provide an overview about the known noninflammatory alopecic disorders in dogs. As the pathogenesis of most disorders is unknown, some statements are based on comparative aspects or reflect the authors' opinion.
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Kang MS, Park TE, Jo HJ, Kang MS, Lee SB, Hong SW, Kim KS, Han DW. Recent Trends in Macromolecule-Based Approaches for Hair Loss Treatment. Macromol Biosci 2023; 23:e2300148. [PMID: 37245081 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Macromolecules are large, complex molecules composed of smaller subunits known as monomers. The four primary categories of macromolecules found in living organisms are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids; they also encompass a broad range of natural and synthetic polymers. Recent studies have shown that biologically active macromolecules can help regenerate hair, providing a potential solution for current hair regeneration therapies. This review examines the latest developments in the use of macromolecules for the treatment of hair loss. The fundamental principles of hair follicle (HF) morphogenesis, hair shaft (HS) development, hair cycle regulation, and alopecia have been introduced. Microneedle (MN) and nanoparticle (NP) delivery systems are innovative treatments for hair loss. Additionally, the application of macromolecule-based tissue-engineered scaffolds for the in vitro and in vivo neogenesis of HFs is discussed. Furthermore, a new research direction is explored wherein artificial skin platforms are adopted as a promising screening method for hair loss treatment drugs. Through these multifaceted approaches, promising aspects of macromolecules for future hair loss treatments are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon Sung Kang
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Eon Park
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Jung Jo
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Seok Kang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Bin Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Suck Won Hong
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
- Engineering Research Center for Color-Modulated Extra-Sensory Perception Technology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Su Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Advanced Organic Materials, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Wook Han
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
- BIO-IT Fusion Technology Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
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12
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Perinelli DR, Cambriani A, Antognini G, Agostinacchio G, Marliani A, Cespi M, Torregiani E, Bonacucina G. Quantification of Squalene and Lactic Acid in Hair Bulbs with Damaged Sheaths: Are They Metabolic Wastes in Alopecia? Biomedicines 2023; 11:2493. [PMID: 37760935 PMCID: PMC10525989 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Alopecia is a pathological and multifactorial condition characterised by an altered hair growth cycle and ascribed to different pathogenic causes. Cell energetic imbalances in hair follicles occurring in this disorder could lead to the production of some "metabolic wastes", including squalene and lactic acid, which could be involved in the clinically observed sheath damage. The aim of this work was the extraction and analytical quantification of squalene and lactic acid from hair bulbs of subjects with clinical alopecia in comparison with controls, using HPLC-DAD and HPLC-MS techniques. The analytical quantification was performed after a preliminary observation through a polarised optical microscope to assess sheath damage and morphological alterations in the cases group. A significantly larger amount of squalene was quantified only in subjects affected by alopecia (n = 31) and with evident damage to hair sheaths. For lactic acid, no statistically significant differences were found between cases (n = 21) and controls (n = 21) under the experimental conditions used. Therefore, the obtained results suggest that squalene can represent a metabolic and a pathogenic marker for some alopecia conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Romano Perinelli
- Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Project (ChIP), School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (D.R.P.); (A.C.); (G.B.)
| | - Alessandra Cambriani
- Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Project (ChIP), School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (D.R.P.); (A.C.); (G.B.)
| | - Gianluigi Antognini
- S.I.Tri.—Italian Society for Hair Science and Restoration, Via San Domenico 107, 50133 Florence, Italy; (G.A.); (G.A.)
| | - Gaetano Agostinacchio
- S.I.Tri.—Italian Society for Hair Science and Restoration, Via San Domenico 107, 50133 Florence, Italy; (G.A.); (G.A.)
| | - Andrea Marliani
- S.I.Tri.—Italian Society for Hair Science and Restoration, Via San Domenico 107, 50133 Florence, Italy; (G.A.); (G.A.)
| | - Marco Cespi
- Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Project (ChIP), School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (D.R.P.); (A.C.); (G.B.)
| | - Elisabetta Torregiani
- Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Project (ChIP), School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (D.R.P.); (A.C.); (G.B.)
| | - Giulia Bonacucina
- Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Project (ChIP), School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (D.R.P.); (A.C.); (G.B.)
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13
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Alhanshali L, Buontempo M, Shapiro J, Lo Sicco K. Medication-induced hair loss: An update. J Am Acad Dermatol 2023; 89:S20-S28. [PMID: 37591561 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
This article discusses drug-induced hair loss, which can occur with many drugs including cytotoxic agents, biologics, and immunomodulating agents, among others. It outlines the diagnosis and management of drug-induced alopecia, with a focus on recently implicated drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Alhanshali
- Department of Dermatology, SUNY Downstate College of Medicine, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Michael Buontempo
- Department of Dermatology, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, New Jersey
| | - Jerry Shapiro
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Kristen Lo Sicco
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York.
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14
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Pitton Rissardo J, Fornari Caprara AL, Casares M, Skinner HJ, Hamid U. Antiseizure Medication-Induced Alopecia: A Literature Review. MEDICINES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:35. [PMID: 37367730 DOI: 10.3390/medicines10060035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Background: Adverse effects of antiseizure medications (ASMs) remain one of the major causes of non-adherence. Cosmetic side effects (CSEs) are among the most commonly reported side effects of ASMs. In this context, alopecia is one of the CSEs that has a high intolerance rate leading to poor therapeutical compliance. Methods: We performed a literature review concerning alopecia as a secondary effect of ASMs. Results: There are 1656 individuals reported with ASM-induced alopecia. Valproate (983), lamotrigine (355), and carbamazepine (225) have been extensively reported. Other ASMs associated with alopecia were cenobamate (18), levetiracetam (14), topiramate (13), lacosamide (7), vigabatrin (6), phenobarbital (5), gabapentin (5), phenytoin (4), pregabalin (4), eslicarbazepine (3), brivaracetam (2), clobazam (2), perampanel (2), trimethadione (2), rufinamide (2), zonisamide (2), primidone (1), and tiagabine (1). There were no reports of oxcarbazepine and felbamate with drug-induced alopecia. Hair loss seen with ASMs was diffuse and non-scarring. Telogen effluvium was the most common cause of alopecia. A characteristic feature was the reversibility of alopecia after ASM dose adjustment. Conclusions: Alopecia should be considered one important adverse effect of ASMs. Patients reporting hair loss with ASM therapy should be further investigated, and specialist consultation is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamir Pitton Rissardo
- Medicine Department, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil
| | | | - Maritsa Casares
- AdventHealth Orlando Neuroscience Institute, 615 E Princeton Street, Suite 540, Orlando, FL 32803, USA
| | - Holly J Skinner
- AdventHealth Epilepsy at Orlando, 615 E Princeton Street, Suite 540, Orlando, FL 32803, USA
| | - Umair Hamid
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Peoria, IL 61605, USA
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15
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Milani M, Colombo F. Efficacy and tolerability of an oral supplement containing amino acids, iron, selenium, and marine hydrolyzed collagen in subjects with hair loss (androgenetic alopecia, AGA or FAGA or telogen effluvium). A prospective, randomized, 3-month, controlled, assessor-blinded study. Skin Res Technol 2023; 29:e13381. [PMID: 37357646 PMCID: PMC10240182 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral supplementation with some amino acids (like methionine, taurine, and cysteine) could be useful in subjects with hair loss conditions such as androgenic alopecia (AGA or FAGA) or telogen effluvium (TE). Hydrolysed collagen (HC) oral supplementation has demonstrated to have beneficial effects on nail and skin health and could improve hair growth. A food supplement in tablet formulation containing hydrolysed fish-origin collagen (300 mg/dose), taurine, cysteine, methionine, iron, and selenium has been recently available. To date no controlled data are available regarding the clinical efficacy of this product as adjuvant to hair loss specific treatments in these clinical conditions. STUDY AIMS To evaluate and compare the efficacy and tolerability of an oral supplementation based on HC and amino acids in subjects with hair loss due to AGA/FAGA or chronic TE in combination with drug treatments in comparison with drug treatments alone. METHODS AND SUBJECTS In a prospective, 12-week, randomized, assessor-blinded controlled trial 83 subjects (mean age 41 ± 16 years; 26 men and 57 women) were enrolled in the study. Fifty-nine subjects suffered from AGA/FAGA (Hamilton I-VA, Ludwig I-1, II-2) and 24 from chronic TE. Subjects were randomized to oral supplementation (1 tablet day) in combination with the specify drug treatment decided by the investigator according to the type of hair loss (AGA/FAGA or TE) (Group A; N = 48) or to specific drugs treatment only (Group B; N = 35). The main outcome of the trial was the clinical efficacy evaluation using a 7-point global assessment score (GAS) (from +3: Much Improved to -3 Much worsened; with score 0 representing no modification). The GAS score was evaluated using standardized photographs by an investigator unaware of the treatment groups at week 6 and at week 12. A secondary outcome was the evaluation of acceptability of the treatment regimen using a 10-point evaluation score. RESULTS Seventy-six participants (91.6%) completed the 12-week study period. The GAS score at week 6 was 0.5 ± 0.2 in group A and 0.0 ± 0.1 in Group B (p < 0.05; Mann-Whitney). At week 12 the GAS score in Group A was statistically significant higher in comparison with Group B (1.67 ± 0.16 and 0.66 ± 0.20, p < 0.001; Mann-Whitney test). A higher percentage of Group A subjects achieved a GAS score of ≥2 in comparison with group B (50% vs. 23%). The oral supplement was generally well tolerated. CONCLUSION An oral supplement containing hydrolysed fish-origin collagen, taurine, cysteine, methionine, iron, and selenium has demonstrated to improve the clinical efficacy of specific anti-hair loss treatments in subjects with AGA/FAGA or chronic TE.
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16
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Kinoshita-Ise M, Fukuyama M, Ohyama M. Recent Advances in Understanding of the Etiopathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management of Hair Loss Diseases. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12093259. [PMID: 37176700 PMCID: PMC10179687 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12093259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hair-loss diseases comprise heterogenous conditions with respective pathophysiology and clinicopathological characteristics. Major breakthroughs in hair follicle biology and immunology have led to the elucidation of etiopathogenesis of non-scarring alopecia (e.g., alopecia areata, AA) and cicatricial alopecia (e.g., lichen planopilaris, LPP). High-throughput genetic analyses revealed molecular mechanism underlying the disease susceptibility of hair loss conditions, such as androgenetic alopecia (AGA) and female pattern hair loss (FPHL). Hair loss attracted public interest during the COVID-19 pandemic. The knowledge of hair loss diseases is robustly expanding and thus requires timely updates. In this review, the diagnostic and measurement methodologies applied to hair loss diseases are updated. Of note, novel criteria and classification/scoring systems published in the last decade are reviewed, highlighting their advantages over conventional ones. Emerging diagnostic techniques are itemized with clinical pearls enabling efficient utilization. Recent advances in understanding the etiopathogenesis and management for representative hair diseases, namely AGA, FPHL, AA, and major primary cicatricial alopecia, including LPP, are comprehensively summarized, focusing on causative factors, genetic predisposition, new disease entity, and novel therapeutic options. Lastly, the association between COVID-19 and hair loss is discussed to delineate telogen effluvium as the predominating pathomechanism accounting for this sequela.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misaki Kinoshita-Ise
- Department of Dermatology, Kyorin University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Masahiro Fukuyama
- Department of Dermatology, Kyorin University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Manabu Ohyama
- Department of Dermatology, Kyorin University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
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17
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Wang X, Su Y, Cai Z, Xu Y, Wu X, Al Rudaisat M, Hua C, Chen S, Lai L, Cheng H, Song Y, Zhou Q. γ-Aminobutyric acid promotes the inhibition of hair growth induced by chronic restraint stress. Life Sci 2023; 317:121439. [PMID: 36731645 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Stress plays a critical role in hair loss, although the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) has been reported to be associated with stress; however, whether it affects stress-induced hair growth inhibition is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the potential roles and mechanisms of action of GABA in chronic restraint stress (CRS)-induced hair growth inhibition. We performed RNA-seq analysis and found that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, including genes related to GABA receptors, significantly changed after mice were treated with CRS. Targeted metabolomics analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) also showed that GABA levels in back skin tissues and serum significantly elevated in the CRS group. Notably, CRS-induced hair growth inhibition got aggravated by GABA and alleviated through GABAA antagonists, such as picrotoxin and ginkgolide A. RNA sequencing analysis revealed that DEGs related to the cell cycle, DNA replication, purine metabolism, and pyrimidine metabolism pathways were significantly downregulated in dermal papilla (DP) cells after GABA treatment. Moreover, ginkgolide A, a GABAA antagonist extracted from the leaves of Ginkgo biloba, promoted the cell cycle of DP cells. Therefore, the present study demonstrated that the increase in GABA could promote CRS-induced hair growth inhibition by downregulating the cell cycle of DP cells and suggested that ginkgolide A may be a promising therapeutic drug for hair loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewen Wang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Hair Research Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yixin Su
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, China
| | - Zhenying Cai
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Hair Research Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yaohan Xu
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Hair Research Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xia Wu
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Hair Research Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mus'ab Al Rudaisat
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Hair Research Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chunting Hua
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Hair Research Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Siji Chen
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Hair Research Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lihua Lai
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Hair Research Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yinjing Song
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Hair Research Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Qiang Zhou
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Hair Research Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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18
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[Translated article] Trichoscopy: An Update. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2023; 114:T327-T333. [PMID: 36848957 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2023.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Trichoscopy is a simple, noninvasive office procedure that can be performed using a handheld or digital dermatoscope. This tool has gained popularity in recent years, because it provides useful diagnostic information for hair loss and scalp disorders by enabling the visualization and identification of distinctive signs and structures. We present an updated review of the trichoscopic features described for some of the most common hair loss disorders seen in clinical practice. Dermatologists should be familiar with these helpful features, as they can significantly aid the diagnosis and follow-up of numerous conditions, such as alopecia areata, trichotillomania, and frontal fibrosing alopecia.
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19
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Rose L, Lustberg M, Ruddy KJ, Cathcart-Rake E, Loprinzi C, Dulmage B. Hair loss during and after breast cancer therapy. Support Care Cancer 2023; 31:186. [PMID: 36826602 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-023-07634-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
For patients diagnosed with breast cancer, alopecia can be a distressing side effect of treatment. Major surgeries, cytotoxic chemotherapy, and endocrine therapy may result in several different types of alopecia. This article reviews the underlying mechanisms, etiology, prevention strategies, and treatment options for chemotherapy-induced alopecia, telogen effluvium, and endocrine-induced alopecia. Here, we aim to provide breast oncologists with a review of the types of hair loss related to cancer therapy and current preventative and treatment options to facilitate informative patient counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Rose
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Brittany Dulmage
- Department of Dermatology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
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20
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Fernández-Domper L, Ballesteros-Redondo M, Vañó-Galván S. Trichoscopy: An Update. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2022; 114:327-333. [PMID: 36574917 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2022.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Trichoscopy is a simple, noninvasive office procedure that can be performed using a handheld or digital dermatoscope. This tool has gained popularity in recent years, because it provides useful diagnostic information for hair loss and scalp disorders by enabling the visualization and identification of distinctive signs and structures. We present an updated review of the trichoscopic features described for some of the most common hair loss disorders seen in clinical practice. Dermatologists should be familiar with these helpful features, as they can significantly aid the diagnosis and follow-up of numerous conditions, such as alopecia areata, trichotillomania, and fibrosing frontal alopecia.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Fernández-Domper
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valencia, España.
| | | | - S Vañó-Galván
- Unidad de Tricología, Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, España; Unidad de Tricología y Trasplante Capilar, Clínica Grupo Pedro Jaén, Madrid, España
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21
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GOKCE NURIYE, BASGOZ NESLIHAN, KENANOGLU SERCAN, AKALIN HILAL, OZKUL YUSUF, ERGOREN MAHMUTCERKEZ, BECCARI TOMMASO, BERTELLI MATTEO, DUNDAR MUNIS. An overview of the genetic aspects of hair loss and its connection with nutrition. JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE AND HYGIENE 2022; 63:E228-E238. [PMID: 36479473 PMCID: PMC9710406 DOI: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2022.63.2s3.2765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Hair loss is a widespread concern in dermatology clinics, affecting both men's and women's quality of life. Hair loss can have many different causes, which are critical to identify in order to provide appropriate treatment. Hair loss can happen due to many variables, such as genetic factors or predisposition, vitamin and mineral deficiencies, skin problems, hair growth disorders, poor diet, hormonal problems, certain internal diseases, drug use, stress and depression, cosmetic factors, childbirth, and the chemotherapy process. Treatment for hair loss varies depending on the type of alopecia, deficiency, or excess of structures such as vitamins and minerals, and also on hair and skin structure. The Mediterranean diet is characterized by low amounts of saturated fat, animal protein, and high amounts of unsaturated fat, fiber, polyphenols, and antioxidants. The main nutrients found in the Mediterranean Diet are rich in antioxidant, anti-inflammatory components. It also has an important place in hair loss treatment, since recently treatment strategies have included polyphenols and unsaturated oils more and more frequently. The goal of this work was to review published articles examining alopecia and its types, the many micronutrients that affect alopecia, and the role of the Mediterranean diet in alopecia. The literature shows that little is known about hair loss, nutritional factors, and diet, and that the data collected are conflicting. Given these differences, research into the function of diet and nutrition in the treatment of baldness is a dynamic and growing topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- NURIYE GOKCE
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - NESLIHAN BASGOZ
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - SERCAN KENANOGLU
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - HILAL AKALIN
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - YUSUF OZKUL
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - MAHMUT CERKEZ ERGOREN
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus
- DESAM Institute, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - TOMMASO BECCARI
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - MATTEO BERTELLI
- MAGISNAT, Peachtree Corners (GA), USA
- MAGI Euregio, Bolzano, Italy
- MAGI’S LAB, Rovereto (TN), Italy
| | - MUNIS DUNDAR
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
- Correspondence: Munis Dundar, Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey. E-mail:
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22
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Flomenbaum MA, Warner RC. Morphologic Markers of Acute and Chronic Stress in Child Abuse. Am J Clin Pathol 2022; 157:823-835. [PMID: 34919642 PMCID: PMC9171574 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqab204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To elucidate pathologic markers of acute and chronic stress found but rarely reported in chronic child abuse. METHODS Autopsies of 3 cases of fatal child abuse with well-documented chronic maltreatment are reported, with an emphasis on the nontraumatic findings of acute and chronic stress. RESULTS Besides the overwhelming physical injuries, all 3 children and 1 additional case obtained for consultation had telogen effluvium, a form of alopecia well known to be associated with stress in adults and some children but never reported in chronic abuse. All 3 had the microscopic findings of markedly involuted thymus, a well-known marker of physiologic stress in children but only occasionally referred to in child abuse. All 3 also had microscopic findings of myocardial necrosis associated with supraphysiologic levels of catecholamine, a well-documented finding associated with stress but rarely reported in fatalities associated with child abuse. Two of the 3 children also had Anitschkow-like nuclear changes in cardiac tissue, markers associated with prior, nonischemic myocardial pathologies that may be associated with prior episodes of acute stress. CONCLUSIONS Pathologists are urged to explore these markers as supportive evidence in their own investigations of possible child abuse fatalities, especially when associated with stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ryan C Warner
- Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
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23
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Ohyama M, Matsudo K, Fujita T. Management of hair loss after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection: Insight into the pathophysiology with implication for better management. J Dermatol 2022; 49:939-947. [PMID: 35633047 PMCID: PMC9348110 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.16475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization, and COVID‐19 continues to have a major impact on society. Numerous studies have reported impaired health sequelae after COVID‐19 recovery, one of which is hair loss. Individuals with hair loss experience a substantial mental burden, which potentially hinders their social life. However, few studies have systematically analyzed the details including hair loss. Therefore, we conducted a narrative review using PubMed on the frequency, associated comorbidities, disease characteristics, and treatment of hair loss after SARS‐CoV‐2 infection (HLASCI). Two search strings were used to identify 28 articles. Of note, most of the literature identified on COVID‐19 sequelae reported an emergence/occurrence of hair loss. HLASCI is speculated to be composed of a heterogeneous population, with the onset or exacerbation of telogen effluvium (TE), anagen effluvium, androgenetic alopecia (AGA), and alopecia areata (AA) reported as possible underlying mechanisms. Among these, acute TE is thought to be the primary cause of HLASCI, with COVID‐19 treatment and TE improvement being considered crucial for HLASCI management. An association between COVID‐19 and AA exacerbation has also been implicated with still insufficient evidence. Spontaneous recovery of TE can be expected once infection reduces; however, faster improvement in symptoms is expected to reduce the mental and social burden of patients. An additional search string identified 11 articles about TE treatment which suggested that the use of minoxidil may be beneficial. Topical minoxidil has been widely used for AGA patients, who have been speculated to exhibit poor resistance to SARS‐CoV‐2. Topical minoxidil may provide relief from HLASCI, but future clinical research is warranted to confirm this observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manabu Ohyama
- Department of Dermatology, Kyorin University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiichi Matsudo
- Clinical Development, Research and Development Headquarters Self-Medication, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toru Fujita
- Clinical Development, Research and Development Headquarters Self-Medication, Taisho Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
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Li X, Wang X, Wang C, Zhang J, Zhou C. Hair Shedding Evaluation for Alopecia: A Refined Wash Test. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2022; 15:117-126. [PMID: 35115799 PMCID: PMC8801509 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s347898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study is to establish a refined wash test (RWT) and explore the characteristics of daily shedding hair parameters in normal individuals and patients with androgenetic alopecia (AGA) or telogen effluvium (TE). MATERIALS AND METHODS Chinese subjects diagnosed as normal, AGA or TE were enrolled. For the RWT procedure, the subjects were asked to pre-wash their hair 24 hours before the first collection, then to wash and rinse their hair with flowing water above a sink covered with a piece of filtering cloth. All hairs entrapped in the filtering cloth were air dried and collected. This "wash-and-collect" process was repeated for 3 consecutive days with a 24 ± 2 hour interval. Collected hairs were counted manually, and hair diameter was measured by videodermoscope. Number and diameter of daily shedding hairs and percentage of vellus and terminal hairs were analyzed. RESULTS A total of 176 subjects participated in and completed the study. Shedding hair number during daily shampooing was 27.9 ± 12.2, 52.2 ± 28.5 and 125.5 ± 62.7 hairs in normal, AGA and TE participants, respectively, and the differences between each two of the three groups were all statistically significant. Diameter of shedding hairs was 76.9 ± 9.0 μm, 60.0 ± 9.5 μm and 82.7 ± 9.2 μm in normal, AGA and TE, respectively. Along with advancement of AGA severity, shedding hair number was generally increased, while hair diameter decreased. The percentage of vellus hairs in AGA was significantly higher than in the normal and TE groups (8.3 ± 6.6% vs 1.0 ± 1.6% and 1.0 ± 1.0%). The combination of shedding hair number and percentage of vellus hairs had a high diagnostic confidence (AUC = 0.957) to diagnose AGA from normal. Shedding hair number alone showed high confidence to diagnose TE from normal (AUC = 0.999). CONCLUSION The non-invasive, easy-to-use RWT established in this study is a valuable tool to evaluate daily shedding hairs, which may be useful in diagnosis, dynamic monitoring of disease progression and treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangqian Li
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianghe Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianzhong Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Hennig V, Schuh W, Neubert A, Mielenz D, Jäck HM, Schneider H. Increased risk of chronic fatigue and hair loss following COVID-19 in individuals with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2021; 16:373. [PMID: 34479575 PMCID: PMC8414461 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-021-02011-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) is a group of genodermatoses in which deficient ectodysplasin A signalling leads to maldevelopment of skin appendages, various eccrine glands, and teeth. Individuals with HED often have disrupted epithelial barriers and, therefore, were suspected to be more susceptible to coronavirus infection. METHODS 56 households with at least one member who had coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) were enrolled in a longitudinal study to compare the course of illness, immune responses, and long-term consequences of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in HED patients (n = 15, age 9-52 years) and control subjects of the same age group (n = 149). RESULTS In 14 HED patients, mild or moderate typical COVID-19 symptoms were observed that lasted for 4-45 days. Fever during the first days sometimes required external cooling measures. The course of COVID-19 was similar to that in control subjects if patients developed antibodies blocking the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Five out of six HED patients with completely abrogated ectodysplasin A signalling (83%) suffered from chronic, in two cases very severe fatigue following COVID-19, while only 25% of HED patients with residual activity of this pathway and 21% of control subjects recovering from COVID-19 experienced postinfectious fatigue. Hair loss after COVID-19 was also more frequent among HED patients (64%) than in the control group (13%). CONCLUSIONS HED appears to be associated with an increased risk of long-term consequences of a SARS-CoV-2 infection. Preventive vaccination against COVID-19 should be recommended for individuals affected by this rare genetic disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Hennig
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Erlangen, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Loschgestr. 15, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
- Center for Ectodermal Dysplasias, University Hospital Erlangen, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schuh
- Division of Molecular Immunology, University Hospital Erlangen, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Antje Neubert
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Erlangen, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Loschgestr. 15, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dirk Mielenz
- Division of Molecular Immunology, University Hospital Erlangen, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hans-Martin Jäck
- Division of Molecular Immunology, University Hospital Erlangen, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Holm Schneider
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Erlangen, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Loschgestr. 15, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
- Center for Ectodermal Dysplasias, University Hospital Erlangen, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
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Alladio E, Visintin L, Lombardo T, Testi R, Salomone A, Vincenti M. The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic and Lockdown on Alcohol Consumption: A Perspective From Hair Analysis. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:632519. [PMID: 33889098 PMCID: PMC8055823 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.632519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction and Aims: The increase in stress levels, social confinement, and addiction's physical consequences play an essential role in the proliferation of drug abuse. In this context, the Covid-19 pandemic produced remarkable effects on those individuals prone to addictions, especially to alcohol. Alcohol is linked to multiple dangerous conditions such as social issues, severe medical conditions, and road accidents. The determination of ethylglucuronide (EtG) in hair is frequently performed to test and monitor chronic excessive alcohol intake conditions, as it allows differentiation among low-risk/moderate drinkers, and excessive/chronic drinkers. Our study aimed to explore hair EtG levels in a controlled population to assess the impact of Covid-19 lockdown on alcohol intake along March-May 2020. Materials and Methods: EtG levels were measured in all hair samples collected in the months following April 2020 to evaluate the behaviors related to alcohol intake along with the time frame from March to May 2020. The measured concentration distributions for each month were compared with those reported in the same month during the previous 4 years (2016-2019). The dataset was built to highlight possible differences between genders, and the different categories of alcohol consumption, separately. Results: The samples collected from April to August 2020 (500 < N <1,100 per month) showed an increase in the percentage of subjects classified as abstinent/low-risk drinkers (from 60 up to 79%) and a decrease of subjects classified as moderate and chronic drinkers (-12 and -7%, respectively) when compared to the previous 4 years. A decrease in the overall mean value of EtG in the period April-June 2020 was observed, while the EtG levels of both June and July 2020 provided an increasing trend for chronic/excessive consumers (+27 and +19% for June and July 2020, respectively). A peculiar rise in the EtG levels of moderate and chronic/excessive female consumers was observed along April-June 2020, too. Discussion and Conclusions: Behavioral and social studies generally report a decrease in alcohol consumption during the Covid-19 lockdown. However, people already suffering from drug or alcohol addictions before Covid-19 pandemic seemingly enhance their harmful behavior. Our data from April to August 2020 are consistent with both suppositions. Our observations confirm once again the utility of EtG to investigate the patterns of alcohol consumption in the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenio Alladio
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Lia Visintin
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Tonia Lombardo
- Centro Regionale Antidoping e di Tossicologia "A. Bertinaria", Torino, Italy
| | - Roberto Testi
- Centro Regionale Antidoping e di Tossicologia "A. Bertinaria", Torino, Italy
| | - Alberto Salomone
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, Italy.,Centro Regionale Antidoping e di Tossicologia "A. Bertinaria", Torino, Italy
| | - Marco Vincenti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, Italy.,Centro Regionale Antidoping e di Tossicologia "A. Bertinaria", Torino, Italy
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