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Nie Y, Zhang Y, Liu S, Xu Z, Xia C, Du L, Yin X, Wang J. Downregulation of Sirt3 contributes to β-cell dedifferentiation via FoxO1 in type 2 diabetic mellitus. Acta Diabetol 2024; 61:485-494. [PMID: 38150004 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-023-02221-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
AIMS FoxO1 is an important factor in the β-cell differentiation in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Sirt3 is found to be involved in FoxO1 function. This study investigated the role of Sirt3 in the β-cell dedifferentiation and its mechanism. METHODS Twelve-week-old db/db mice and INS1 cells transfected with Sirt3-specific short hairpin RNA (shSirt3) were used to evaluate the dedifferentiation of β-cell. Insulin levels were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The proteins of Sirt3, T-FoxO1, Ac-FoxO1 and differentiation indexes such as NGN3, OCT4, MAFA were determined by western blot or immunofluorescence staining. The combination of Sirt3 and FoxO1 was determined by the co-immunoprecipitation assay. The transcriptional activity of FoxO1 was detected by dual luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS Both the in vivo and in vitro results showed that Sirt3 was decreased along with β-cell dedifferentiation and decreased function of insulin secretion under high glucose conditions. When Sirt3 was knocked down in INS1 cells, increased β-cell dedifferentiation and lowered insulin secretion were observed. This effect was closely related to the amount loss and the decreased deacetylation of FoxO1, which resulted in a reduction in transcriptional activity. CONCLUSION Downregulation of Sirt3 contributes to β-cell dedifferentiation in high glucose via FoxO1. Intervention of Sirt3 may be an effective approach to prevent β-cell failure in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxing Nie
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunye Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuqing Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhi Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunya Xia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Du
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoxing Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianyun Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China.
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Kimani CN, Reuter H, Kotzé SH, Venter P, Ramharack P, Muller CJF. Pancreatic beta cell regenerative potential of Zanthoxylum chalybeum Engl. Aqueous stem bark extract. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 320:117374. [PMID: 37944876 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Zanthoxylum chalybeum Engl. is endemic to Africa and has been used traditionally to treat diabetes mellitus. Moreover, its pharmacological efficacy has been confirmed experimentally using in vitro and in vivo models of diabetes. However, the effects of Z. chalybeum extracts and its major constituent compounds on beta cell and islet regeneration are not clear. Further, the mechanisms associated with observed antidiabetic effects at the beta cell level are not fully elucidated. AIM OF THE STUDY We determined the beta cell regenerative efficacy of Z. chalybeum aqueous stem bark extract, identified the chemical compounds in Z. chalybeum aqueous stem bark extracts and explored their putative mechanisms of action. MATERIALS AND METHODS Phytochemical profiling of the Z. chalybeum extract was achieved using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography hyphenated to high-resolution mass spectrometry. Thereafter, molecular interactions of the compounds with beta cell regeneration targets were evaluated via molecular docking. In vitro, effects of the extract on cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis and oxidative stress were investigated in RIN-5F beta cells exposed to palmitate or streptozotocin. In vivo, pancreas tissue sections from streptozotocin-induced diabetic male Wistar rats treated with Z. chalybeum extract were stained for insulin, glucagon, pancreatic duodenal homeobox protein 1 (Pdx-1) and Ki-67. RESULTS Based on ligand target and molecular docking interactions diosmin was identified as a dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1A (Dyrk1A) inhibitor. In vitro, Z. chalybeum augmented cell viability and cell proliferation while in palmitate-pre-treated cells, the extract significantly increased cell activity after 72 h. In vivo, although morphometric analysis showed decreased islet and beta cell size and density, observation of increased Pdx-1 and Ki-67 immunoreactivity in extract-treated islets suggests that Z. chalybeum extract has mild beta cell regenerative potential mediated by increased cell proliferation. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the mitogenic effects observed in vitro, were not robust enough to elicit sufficient recovery of functional beta cell mass in our in vivo model, in the context of a sustained diabetic milieu. However, the identification of diosmin as a potential Dyrk1A inhibitor merits further inquiry into the attendant molecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare Njoki Kimani
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform (BRIP), South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa; Department of Non-communicable Diseases, Institute of Primate Research, PO Box 24481, Karen, Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - Helmuth Reuter
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa
| | - Sanet Henriët Kotzé
- Division of Clinical Anatomy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa; Division of Anatomy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ross University, PO Box 334, Basseterre, Saint Kitts and Nevis
| | - Pieter Venter
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform (BRIP), South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa
| | - Pritika Ramharack
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform (BRIP), South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa; Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, 4001, South Africa
| | - Christo John Frederick Muller
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform (BRIP), South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa; Centre for Cardio-Metabolic Research in Africa, Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, 7600, South Africa; Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, 3886, South Africa
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3
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Kimani CN, Reuter H, Kotzé SH, Muller CJF. Regeneration of Pancreatic Beta Cells by Modulation of Molecular Targets Using Plant-Derived Compounds: Pharmacological Mechanisms and Clinical Potential. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:6216-6245. [PMID: 37623211 PMCID: PMC10453321 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45080392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is characterized by pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction, increased cell death and loss of beta-cell mass despite chronic treatment. Consequently, there has been growing interest in developing beta cell-centered therapies. Beta-cell regeneration is mediated by augmented beta-cell proliferation, transdifferentiation of other islet cell types to functional beta-like cells or the reprograming of beta-cell progenitors into fully differentiated beta cells. This mediation is orchestrated by beta-cell differentiation transcription factors and the regulation of the cell cycle machinery. This review investigates the beta-cell regenerative potential of antidiabetic plant extracts and phytochemicals. Various preclinical studies, including in vitro, in vivo and ex vivo studies, are highlighted. Further, the potential regenerative mechanisms and the intra and extracellular mediators that are of significance are discussed. Also, the potential of phytochemicals to translate into regenerative therapies for T2D patients is highlighted, and some suggestions regarding future perspectives are made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare Njoki Kimani
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform (BRIP), South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Cape Town 7505, South Africa;
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
| | - Helmuth Reuter
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
| | - Sanet Henriët Kotzé
- Division of Clinical Anatomy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ross University, Basseterre P.O. Box 334, Saint Kitts and Nevis
| | - Christo John Fredrick Muller
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform (BRIP), South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Cape Town 7505, South Africa;
- Centre for Cardio-Metabolic Research in Africa, Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa
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Melnik BC, Schmitz G. Milk Exosomal microRNAs: Postnatal Promoters of β Cell Proliferation but Potential Inducers of β Cell De-Differentiation in Adult Life. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911503. [PMID: 36232796 PMCID: PMC9569743 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic β cell expansion and functional maturation during the birth-to-weaning period is driven by epigenetic programs primarily triggered by growth factors, hormones, and nutrients provided by human milk. As shown recently, exosomes derived from various origins interact with β cells. This review elucidates the potential role of milk-derived exosomes (MEX) and their microRNAs (miRs) on pancreatic β cell programming during the postnatal period of lactation as well as during continuous cow milk exposure of adult humans to bovine MEX. Mechanistic evidence suggests that MEX miRs stimulate mTORC1/c-MYC-dependent postnatal β cell proliferation and glycolysis, but attenuate β cell differentiation, mitochondrial function, and insulin synthesis and secretion. MEX miR content is negatively affected by maternal obesity, gestational diabetes, psychological stress, caesarean delivery, and is completely absent in infant formula. Weaning-related disappearance of MEX miRs may be the critical event switching β cells from proliferation to TGF-β/AMPK-mediated cell differentiation, whereas continued exposure of adult humans to bovine MEX miRs via intake of pasteurized cow milk may reverse β cell differentiation, promoting β cell de-differentiation. Whereas MEX miR signaling supports postnatal β cell proliferation (diabetes prevention), persistent bovine MEX exposure after the lactation period may de-differentiate β cells back to the postnatal phenotype (diabetes induction).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bodo C. Melnik
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, University of Osnabrück, D-49076 Osnabrück, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-52-4198-8060
| | - Gerd Schmitz
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of Regensburg, University of Regensburg, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
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Xiao M, Jia X, Wang N, Kang J, Hu X, Goff HD, Cui SW, Ding H, Guo Q. Therapeutic potential of non-starch polysaccharides on type 2 diabetes: from hypoglycemic mechanism to clinical trials. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:1177-1210. [PMID: 36036965 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2113366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Non-starch polysaccharides (NSPs) have been reported to exert therapeutic potential on managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Various mechanisms have been proposed; however, several studies have not considered the correlations between the anti-T2DM activity of NSPs and their molecular structure. Moreover, the current understanding of the role of NSPs in T2DM treatment is mainly based on in vitro and in vivo data, and more human clinical trials are required to verify the actual efficacy in treating T2DM. The related anti-T2DM mechanisms of NSPs, including regulating insulin action, promoting glucose metabolism and regulating postprandial blood glucose level, anti-inflammatory and regulating gut microbiota (GM), are reviewed. The structure-function relationships are summarized, and the relationships between NSPs structure and anti-T2DM activity from clinical trials are highlighted. The development of anti-T2DM medication or dietary supplements of NSPs could be promoted with an in-depth understanding of the multiple regulatory effects in the treatment/intervention of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Xing Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Nifei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Ji Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinzhong Hu
- College of Food Engineering & Nutrition Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Shaanxi, China
| | | | - Steve W Cui
- Guelph Research and Development Centre, AAFC, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Qingbin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
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McKie GL, Shamshoum H, Hunt KL, Thorpe HHA, Dibe HA, Khokhar JY, Doucette CA, Wright DC. Intermittent cold exposure improves glucose homeostasis despite exacerbating diet-induced obesity in mice housed at thermoneutrality. J Physiol 2021; 600:829-845. [PMID: 34192813 DOI: 10.1113/jp281774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Ambient cold exposure is often regarded as a promising anti-obesity treatment in mice. However, most preclinical studies aimed at treating obesity via cold-induced thermogenesis have been confounded by subthermoneutral housing temperatures. Therefore, the ability of ambient cold to combat diet-induced obesity in mice housed under humanized thermoneutral conditions is currently unknown. Moreover, mammals such as mice are rarely exposed to chronic ambient cold without reprieve, yet mice are often subjected to experimental conditions of chronic rather than intermittent cold exposure (ICE), despite ICE being more physiologically relevant. In the present study, we provide novel evidence that thermoneutral housing uncouples the effects of ICE on glucose and energy homeostasis suggesting that ICE, despite improving glucose tolerance, is not an effective obesity treatment when mice are housed under humanized thermoneutral conditions. ABSTRACT The present study examines whether a physiologically relevant model of ambient cold exposure, intermittent cold exposure (ICE), could ameliorate the metabolic impairments of diet-induced obesity in male and female mice housed under humanized thermoneutral conditions. Male and female C57BL/6J mice housed at thermoneutrality (29°C) were fed a low-fat diet or high-fat diet for 6 weeks before being weight matched into groups that remained unperturbed or underwent ICE for 4 weeks (4°C for 60 min day-1 ; 5 days week-1 ) when being maintained on their respective diets. ICE induced rapid and persistent hyperphagia exacerbating rather than attenuating high-fat diet-induced obesity over time. These ICE-induced increases in adiposity were found to be energy intake-dependent via pair-feeding. Despite exacerbating high-fat diet-induced obesity, ICE improved glucose tolerance, independent of diet, in a sex-specific manner. The effects of ICE on glucose tolerance were not attributed to improvements in whole-body insulin tolerance, tissue specific insulin action, nor differences in markers of hepatic insulin clearance or pancreatic beta cell proliferation. Instead, ICE increased serum concentrations of insulin and C-peptide in response to glucose, suggesting that ICE may improve glucose tolerance by potentiating pancreatic glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. These data suggest that ICE, despite improving glucose tolerance, is not an effective obesity treatment in mice housed under humanized conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greg L McKie
- Department of Human Health & Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Hesham Shamshoum
- Department of Human Health & Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Kristin L Hunt
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Hayley H A Thorpe
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Hana A Dibe
- Department of Human Health & Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Jibran Y Khokhar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Christine A Doucette
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - David C Wright
- Department of Human Health & Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
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Engin AB, Engin A. Protein Kinases Signaling in Pancreatic Beta-cells Death and Type 2 Diabetes. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1275:195-227. [PMID: 33539017 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-49844-3_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a worldwide serious public health problem. Insulin resistance and β-cell failure are the two major components of T2D pathology. In addition to defective endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress signaling due to glucolipotoxicity, β-cell dysfunction or β-cell death initiates the deleterious vicious cycle observed in T2D. Although the primary cause is still unknown, overnutrition that contributes to the induction of the state of low-grade inflammation, and the activation of various protein kinases-related metabolic pathways are main factors leading to T2D. In this chapter following subjects, which have critical checkpoints regarding β-cell fate and protein kinases pathways are discussed; hyperglycemia-induced β-cell failure, chronic accumulation of unfolded protein in β-cells, the effect of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling to insulin secretion, excessive saturated free fatty acid-induced β-cell apoptosis, mitophagy dysfunction, proinflammatory responses and insulin resistance, and the reprogramming of β-cell for differentiation or dedifferentiation in T2D. There is much debate about selecting proposed therapeutic strategies to maintain or enhance optimal β-cell viability for adequate insulin secretion in T2D. However, in order to achieve an effective solution in the treatment of T2D, more intensive clinical trials are required on newer therapeutic options based on protein kinases signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Basak Engin
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Atilla Engin
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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Lu K, Chen S, Lin Y, Wu H, Chao P. An antidiabetic nutraceutical combination of red yeast rice ( Monascus purpureus), bitter gourd ( Momordica charantia), and chromium alleviates dedifferentiation of pancreatic β cells in db/db mice. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:6718-6726. [PMID: 33312555 PMCID: PMC7723183 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Antidiabetic properties of red yeast rice, bitter gourd, and chromium have gained scientific support. This study aimed to test whether a nutraceutical combination of these 3 materials prevented dedifferentiation of pancreatic β cells. Male db/db mice (8 weeks of age) were allocated into four groups (DB, DB/L, DB/M, and DB/H; n = 8-10) and fed a high-fat diet containing 0%, 0.2%, 0.4%, or 1% nutraceutical, respectively, whereas wild-type mice receiving a standard diet served as a healthy control (C; n = 10). The nutraceutical contained 10 mg/g monacolin K, 165 µg/g chromium, and 300 mg/g bitter gourd. After 8-weeks dietary treatment, diabetic syndromes (including hyperglycemia, hyperphagia, excessive drinking, polyuria, glucosuria, albuminuria, and glucose intolerance), were improved by the nutraceutical in a dose-dependent fashion. Decreased insulin and increased glucagon in serum and pancreatic islets in db/db mice were abolished in the DB/H group. Furthermore, supplementation curtailed dedifferentiation of β cells, as evidenced by decreasing the dedifferentiation marker (Aldh1a3) and increasing β-cell-enriched genes and transcription factors (Ins1, Ins2, FOXO1, and NKX6.1), as well as nuclear localization of NKX6.1 in pancreatic islets when compared to the DB group. We concluded that this nutraceutical, a combination of Monascus purpureus, Momordica charantia, and chromium, could be used as an adjunct for type 2 diabetes treatment and delay disease progression by sustaining β-cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke‐Ying Lu
- Department of NutritionChina Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwan
- Lishui Municipal Central HospitalLishuiChina
| | - Szu‐Han Chen
- Department of NutritionChina Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwan
| | - Yu‐Shun Lin
- Department of NutritionChina Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwan
| | - Hai‐Ping Wu
- Department of NutritionChina Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwan
| | - Pei‐Min Chao
- Department of NutritionChina Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwan
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Goto Y, Otsuka Y, Ashida K, Nagayama A, Hasuzawa N, Iwata S, Hara K, Tsuruta M, Wada N, Motomura S, Tajiri Y, Nomura M. Improvement of skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity by 1 week of SGLT2 inhibitor use. Endocr Connect 2020; 9:599-606. [PMID: 32580152 PMCID: PMC7354734 DOI: 10.1530/ec-20-0082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS It is currently unclear whether sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor administration can improve the insulin sensitivity as well as rapidly reduce plasma glucose concentrations in humans during the early phase of treatment initiation. This study aimed to investigate the effect of SGLT2 inhibitor on insulin sensitivity in the early phase of treatment initiation. METHODS AND RESULTS This single-center, open label, and single-arm prospective study recruited 20 patients (14 men) with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We examined the patients' metabolic parameters before and 1 week after SGLT2 inhibitor (10 mg/day of empagliflozin) administration. The glucose infusion rate (GIR) was evaluated using the euglycemic hyperinsulinemic glucose clamp technique. Changes in laboratory and anthropometric parameters before and after SGLT2 inhibitor administration were analyzed according to the change in the GIR. The BMI, body fat amount, skeletal muscle amount, systolic blood pressure, and triglyceride level significantly decreased along with the treatment, while urinary glucose level and log GIR value significantly increased. Notably, changes in the GIR after SGLT2 inhibitor administration, which indicated improvement in peripheral insulin sensitivity, were negatively correlated with T2DM duration and positively with reduction in fluctuation of daily plasma glucose profiles before and after treatment. CONCLUSION SGLT2 inhibitor improved insulin sensitivity in the skeletal muscle independent of anthropometric changes. Patients with short duration of T2DM and insulin resistance can be good candidates for short-term SGLT2 inhibitor administration to improve insulin sensitivity in the skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Goto
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Asahi-machi, Kurume-city, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshie Otsuka
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Asahi-machi, Kurume-city, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kenji Ashida
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Asahi-machi, Kurume-city, Fukuoka, Japan
- Correspondence should be addressed to K Ashida:
| | - Ayako Nagayama
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Asahi-machi, Kurume-city, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Nao Hasuzawa
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Asahi-machi, Kurume-city, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shimpei Iwata
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Asahi-machi, Kurume-city, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kento Hara
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Asahi-machi, Kurume-city, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Munehisa Tsuruta
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Asahi-machi, Kurume-city, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Wada
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Asahi-machi, Kurume-city, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Seiichi Motomura
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Asahi-machi, Kurume-city, Fukuoka, Japan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Diabetes Center, Kurume Medical Center, Kokubu-machi, Kurume-city, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuji Tajiri
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Asahi-machi, Kurume-city, Fukuoka, Japan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Diabetes Center, Kurume Medical Center, Kokubu-machi, Kurume-city, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Nomura
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Asahi-machi, Kurume-city, Fukuoka, Japan
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10
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Su H, Ma X, Shen Y, He X, Ying L, Zhu W, Wang Y, Bao Y, Zhou J. 1,5-Anhydroglucitol × glycated hemoglobin A 1c/100 as a potential biomarker for islet β-cell function among patients with type 2 diabetes. Acta Diabetol 2020; 57:439-446. [PMID: 31728736 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-019-01452-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to explore the level of and changes in the 1,5-anhydroglucitol × glycated hemoglobin A1c/100 (AH index, AHI) associated with different glucose metabolism statuses and to evaluate the islet function and insulin sensitivity of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) with different AHI levels. METHODS Of the 3562 subjects enrolled in this study, 1697 had T2DM. The disposition index (DI) was the product of islet secretion function and insulin sensitivity-related indexes. RESULTS The mean AHI level was 1.0 (0.7-1.3) in the general population, while the mean AHI level in the T2DM group was 0.8 (0.5-1.2), which was significantly lower than that in the impaired glucose regulation and normal glucose tolerance group (both 1.2 (0.9-1.5), both P < 0.01). We further divided patients with T2DM into four subgroups according to the quartile of AHI. The results showed that with the increase in AHI level, the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) decreased, while HOMA-β, insulin generation index, insulin sensitivity index, and DI increased (all Pfor trend < 0.01). Multivariate logistic regression showed that the odds ratios for a low DI for increasing levels of AHI were 1.00, 0.22 (0.16-0.29), 0.16 (0.11-0.22), and 0.09 (0.06-0.13), showing a decreasing trend (Pfor trend < 0.05). CONCLUSION The AHI could reflect the variation in glycemic disorder and the function of islet β cells. The lower the AHI, the worse the glycemic disorder, as well as the islet β-cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Su
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Xiaojing Ma
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yun Shen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Xingxing He
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Lingwen Ying
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yufei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yuqian Bao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
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11
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Jacobson DA, Shyng SL. Ion Channels of the Islets in Type 2 Diabetes. J Mol Biol 2019; 432:1326-1346. [PMID: 31473158 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2019.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ca2+ is an essential signal for pancreatic β-cell function. Ca2+ plays critical roles in numerous β-cell pathways such as insulin secretion, transcription, metabolism, endoplasmic reticulum function, and the stress response. Therefore, β-cell Ca2+ handling is tightly controlled. At the plasma membrane, Ca2+ entry primarily occurs through voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels. Voltage-dependent Ca2+ channel activity is dependent on orchestrated fluctuations in the plasma membrane potential or voltage, which are mediated via the activity of many ion channels. During the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes the β-cell is exposed to stressful conditions, which result in alterations of Ca2+ handling. Some of the changes in β-cell Ca2+ handling that occur under stress result from perturbations in ion channel activity, expression or localization. Defective Ca2+ signaling in the diabetic β-cell alters function, limits insulin secretion and exacerbates hyperglycemia. In this review, we focus on the β-cell ion channels that control Ca2+ handling and how they impact β-cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Jacobson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, 7415 MRB4 (Langford), 2213 Garland Avenue, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | - Show-Ling Shyng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, L224, MRB 624, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
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12
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Guo T, Liu T, Sun Y, Liu X, Xiong R, Li H, Li Z, Zhang Z, Tian Z, Tian Y. Sonodynamic therapy inhibits palmitate-induced beta cell dysfunction via PINK1/Parkin-dependent mitophagy. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:457. [PMID: 31186419 PMCID: PMC6560035 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1695-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the overload of glucose and lipids can promote oxidative stress and inflammatory responses and contribute to the failure of beta cells. However, therapies that can modulate the function of beta cells and thus prevent their failure have not been well explored. In this study, beta cell injury model was established with palmitic acid (PA) to simulate the lipotoxicity (high-fat diet) found in T2DM. Sonodynamic therapy (SDT), a novel physicochemical treatment, was applied to treat injured beta cells. We found that SDT had specific effects on mitochondria and induced transient large amount of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in beta cells. SDT also improved the morphology and function of abnormal mitochondria, inhibited inflammatory response and reduced beta cell dysfunction. The improvement of mitochondria was mediated by PINK1/Parkin-dependent mitophagy. Additionally, SDT rescued the transcription of PINK1 mRNA which was blocked by PA treatment, thus providing abundant PINK1 for mitophagy. Moreover, SDT also increased insulin secretion from beta cells. The protective effects of SDT were abrogated when mitophagy was inhibited by cyclosporin A (CsA). In summary, SDT potently inhibits lipotoxicity-induced beta cell failure via PINK1/Parkin-dependent mitophagy, providing theoretical guidance for T2DM treatment in aspects of islet protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Guo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Tianyang Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yun Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xianna Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Rongguo Xiong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - He Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Zhitao Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Laboratory of Photo- and Sono-theranostic Technologies and Condensed Matter Science and Technology Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Zhen Tian
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China. .,Key Laboratory of Acoustic Photoelectric Magnetic Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150081, China.
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China. .,Key Laboratory of Acoustic Photoelectric Magnetic Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150081, China. .,Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Cardiovascular Institute, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China.
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13
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Munder A, Moskovitz Y, Meir A, Kahremany S, Levy L, Kolitz-Domb M, Cohen G, Shtriker E, Viskind O, Lellouche JP, Senderowitz H, Chessler SD, Korshin EE, Ruthstein S, Gruzman A. Neuroligin-2-derived peptide-covered polyamidoamine-based (PAMAM) dendrimers enhance pancreatic β-cells' proliferation and functions. MEDCHEMCOMM 2019; 10:280-293. [PMID: 30881615 PMCID: PMC6390468 DOI: 10.1039/c8md00419f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cell membranes and presynaptic areas of neurons contain analogous protein complexes that control the secretion of bioactive molecules. These complexes include the neuroligins (NLs) and their binding partners, the neurexins (NXs). It has been recently reported that both insulin secretion and the proliferation rates of β-cells increase when cells are co-cultured with full-length NL-2 clusters. The pharmacological use of full-length protein is always problematic due to its unfavorable pharmacokinetic properties. Thus, NL-2-derived short peptide was conjugated to the surface of polyamidoamine-based (PAMAM) dendrimers. This nanoscale composite improved β-cell functions in terms of the rate of proliferation, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), and functional maturation. This functionalized dendrimer also protected β-cells under cellular stress conditions. In addition, various novel peptidomimetic scaffolds of NL-2-derived peptide were designed, synthesized, and conjugated to the surface of PAMAM in order to increase the biostability of the conjugates. However, after being covered by peptidomimetics, PAMAM dendrimers were inactive. Thus, the original peptide-based PAMAM dendrimer is a leading compound for continued research that might provide a unique starting point for designing an innovative class of antidiabetic therapeutics that possess a unique mode of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Munder
- Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Exact Sciences , Bar-Ilan University , Ramat-Gan , Israel . ;
| | - Yoni Moskovitz
- Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Exact Sciences , Bar-Ilan University , Ramat-Gan , Israel . ;
| | - Aviv Meir
- Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Exact Sciences , Bar-Ilan University , Ramat-Gan , Israel . ;
| | - Shirin Kahremany
- Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Exact Sciences , Bar-Ilan University , Ramat-Gan , Israel . ;
- Department of Pharmacology , Cleveland Center for Membrane and Structural Biology , School of Medicine , Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland , OH , USA
| | - Laura Levy
- Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Exact Sciences , Bar-Ilan University , Ramat-Gan , Israel . ;
| | - Michal Kolitz-Domb
- Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Exact Sciences , Bar-Ilan University , Ramat-Gan , Israel . ;
| | - Guy Cohen
- Skin Research Institute , Dead Sea and Arava Research Center , Masada , Israel
| | - Efrat Shtriker
- Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Exact Sciences , Bar-Ilan University , Ramat-Gan , Israel . ;
| | - Olga Viskind
- Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Exact Sciences , Bar-Ilan University , Ramat-Gan , Israel . ;
| | - Jean-Paul Lellouche
- Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Exact Sciences , Bar-Ilan University , Ramat-Gan , Israel . ;
- Nanomaterials Research Center , Institute of Nanotechnology & Advanced Materials (BINA) , Bar-Ilan University , Ramat-Gan , Israel
| | - Hanoch Senderowitz
- Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Exact Sciences , Bar-Ilan University , Ramat-Gan , Israel . ;
| | - Steven D Chessler
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism , Department of Medicine , University of California , Irvine , CA , USA
| | - Edward E Korshin
- Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Exact Sciences , Bar-Ilan University , Ramat-Gan , Israel . ;
| | - Sharon Ruthstein
- Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Exact Sciences , Bar-Ilan University , Ramat-Gan , Israel . ;
| | - Arie Gruzman
- Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Exact Sciences , Bar-Ilan University , Ramat-Gan , Israel . ;
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14
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Borck PC, Vettorazzi JF, Branco RCS, Batista TM, Santos-Silva JC, Nakanishi VY, Boschero AC, Ribeiro RA, Carneiro EM. Taurine supplementation induces long-term beneficial effects on glucose homeostasis in ob/ob mice. Amino Acids 2018; 50:765-774. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-018-2553-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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15
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Guo R, Jiang J, Jing Z, Chen Y, Shi Z, Deng B. Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 regulates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). Cell Signal 2018; 46:129-134. [PMID: 29412178 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Insulin resistance is an important pathological hallmark of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) plays a key role in maintaining blood glucose levels within normal range. Impaired GSIS has been associated with type 2 diabetes, however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 (cysLT1R) is an important G protein-coupled receptor mediating the biological functions of cysteinyl leukotrienes (cys-LTs). Little is known about the effects of cysLT1R in insulin secretion and pathogenesis of T2DM. In the present study, we aimed to define the physiological functions of cysLT1R in GSIS in MIN6 β-cells. Using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blot analysis, we found that cysLT1R was expressed in pancreatic MIN6 β-cells. We also reported that glucose increased the expression of cysLT1R in MIN6 cells. Additionally, the cysLT1R antagonist montelukast promoted GSIS in a dose dependent manner, however, the cysLT1R agonist LD4 inhibited GSIS, suggesting an antagonistic effect of cysLT1R on GSIS. Silencing of cysLT1R by transfection with cysLT1R siRNA enhanced GSIS while overexpression of cysLT1R reduced GSIS in pancreatic MIN6 β-cells. Mechanistically, we found that the Arf6/Cdc42/Rac1 pathway was involved in this process. Collectively, our findings highlight the essential role of cysLT1R in suppressing pancreatic insulin secretion, and potentially provided a new insight into understanding the mechanical regulation of glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runmin Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, PR China
| | - Jiamei Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, PR China
| | - Zhiliang Jing
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, PR China
| | - Yonghua Chen
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, PR China
| | - Zhizhou Shi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Longgang District People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Baoping Deng
- Department of cardiovascular surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510120, PR China.
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