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Diel KAP, Santana Filho PC, Pitol Silveira P, Ribeiro RL, Teixeira PC, Rodrigues Júnior LC, Marinho LC, Romão PRT, von Poser GL. Antiprotozoal potential of Vismia species (Hypericaceae), medicinal plants used to fight cutaneous leishmaniasis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 328:118028. [PMID: 38492792 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Species of Vismia (Hypericaceae), known in Brazil as "lacre", are commonly used in traditional Amazonian medicine for the treatment of skin lesions, including those caused by Leishmania infection. AIM OF THE STUDY Hexane extracts from the leaves of Vismia cayennensis, V. gracilis, V. sandwithii and V. guianensis, as well as from the fruits of the latter, in addition to the anthraquinones vismiaquinone, physcion and chrysophanol isolated from these species were explored for their anti-promastigote and anti-amastigote activity on Leishmania amazonensis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Extracts were prepared by static maceration with n-hexane. The compounds, isolated by chromatographic techniques, were identified by spectroscopic methods (1H and 13C NMR). Promastigotes of L.amazonensis were incubated with hexane extracts (1-50 μg/mL) or anthraquinones (1-50 μM) and the parasite survival analyzed. The action of compounds on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mitochondrial membrane potential, and membrane integrity of promastigotes were evaluated by flow cytometer, and the cytotoxicity on mammalian cells using MTT assay. Furthermore, the activity of compounds against amastigotes and nitric oxide production were also investigated. RESULTS Vismiaquinone and physcion were obtained from the leaves of V. guianensis. Physcion, as well as chrysophanol, were isolated from V. sandwithii. Vismia cayennensis and V. gracilis also showed vismiaquinone, compound detected in lower quantity in the fruits of V. guianensis. All extracts were active against the parasite, corroborating the popular use. The greatest activity against promastigotes was achieved with V. guianensis extract (IC50 4.3 μg/mL), precisely the most used Vismia species for treating cutaneous leishmaniasis. Vismiaquinone and physcion exhibited relevant activity with IC50 12.6 and 2.6 μM, respectively. Moreover, all extracts and anthraquinones tested induced ROS production, mitochondrial dysfunction, membrane disruption and were able to kill intracellular amastigote forms, being worthy of further in vivo studies as potential antileishmanial drugs. CONCLUSIONS The overall data achieved in the current investigation scientifically validate the traditional use of Vismia species, mainly V. guianensis, as an anti-Leishmania agent. Furthermore, the promising results presented here indicate species of Vismia as potentially useful resources of Brazilian flora for the discovery of therapeutic solutions for neglected diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kriptsan Abdon Poletto Diel
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Avenida Ipiranga 2752, Santana, 90610-000, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Paulo Cesar Santana Filho
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Rua Sarmento Leite 245, Centro Histórico, 90050-170, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Pablo Pitol Silveira
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Avenida Ipiranga 2752, Santana, 90610-000, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Laura Ribeiro
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Rua Sarmento Leite 245, Centro Histórico, 90050-170, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Paula Coelho Teixeira
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Rua Sarmento Leite 245, Centro Histórico, 90050-170, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Luiz Carlos Rodrigues Júnior
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Rua Sarmento Leite 245, Centro Histórico, 90050-170, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Lucas C Marinho
- Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Departamento de Biologia, Avenida dos Portugueses 1966, Bacanga, 65080-805, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Pedro Roosevelt Torres Romão
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Rua Sarmento Leite 245, Centro Histórico, 90050-170, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Gilsane Lino von Poser
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Avenida Ipiranga 2752, Santana, 90610-000, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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In vitro evaluation of hydroalcoholic extracts of Capparis Spinosa L., Ricinus communis, and Solanum luteum on Leishmania major (MRHO/IR/75/ER) promastigotes. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod 2021. [DOI: 10.5812/jjnpp.115306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Plant extracts or compounds derived from plants are a valuable source for finding new anti-leishmaniasis drugs. Objective: In this study, Capparis spinosa L., Ricinus communis, and Solanum luteum were used as lethal agents for the promastigotes of Leishmania major parasites in the culture medium. Methods: Diluted extracts of 12.5, 100, and 500 mg/mL were prepared from medicinal plant dried extracts. Glucantime at a concentration of 500 mg/mL was used as a positive control. Results: For all three extracts, concentrations of 100 and 500 mg/mL could kill promastigotes at higher rates and speeds compared to other concentrations. The high concentrations of extracts (500 mg/mL) presented similar effects. According to the findings, hydroalcoholic extract of C. Spinosa L. presented considerably lower antiparasitic effects, and S. luteum and R. communis extracts were could kill most of the parasitic promastigotes at higher doses. The ANOVA test did not show any significant viability percentage difference of Leishmania extracts between different extract types. Conclusions: In this study, the lethal effects of R. communis and S. luteum hydroalcoholic extracts on L. major promastigotes were found to be stronger than the C. Spinosa L. extract.
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Macêdo SKS, Lima KSB, Silva NDDS, Campos SSG, Araújo BR, Almeida JRGDS, Rolim LA, Nunes XP. Genus Triplaris (Polygonaceae): A review on traditional medicinal use, phytochemistry and biological activities. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 277:114188. [PMID: 33965539 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The genus Triplaris (Polygonaceae) comprises approximately 25 species distributed throughout South and Central America. Some species have been used in folk medicine, mainly, to treat malaria, leishmaniasis, diarrheia, dysenteria, pain and inflammation. AIM OF THE STUDY The purpose of this review is to provide information on the traditional uses, phytochemistry and known biological activities of Triplaris, an important genus for South America research groups on medicinal plants, in order to explore its therapeutic potential to direct future research in the search for new bioactive molecules. MATERIALS AND METHODS The available information on the genus Triplaris was gathered from scientific databases (LILACS, Pubmed, SciELO, Science Direct, Scopus, CAPES Periodicals Portal and Theses and Dissertations Catalog) before March 2020 using the keyword "Triplaris". Works related to traditional uses, phytochemistry and biological activities of plants were included in this review. RESULTS Most of the studies involving Triplaris were conducted by research groups located in Brazil, Peru e Bolivia. Probably, because the genus has been used in folk medicine only by these countries. Regarding the annual evolution of the publications, a larger number of articles published in 2010 were observed. Flavonols represent the main classe of secondary metabolites from Triplaris. In terms of the pharmacological investigations, T. americana and T. gardneriana are considered the most studied species, with extensive promising biological activities. The pharmacological activities can be attributed to bioactive phytochemicals. CONCLUSIONS All findings indicate that Triplaris is an important genus of the Polygonaceae family. However, considering its chemical and pharmacological importance, the studies developed with Triplaris species are still limited, representing an opportunity to investigate new bioactive molecules and extracts. The review shows that little pre-clinical or in vivo research is available to prove the ethnopharmacological records in the genre. Therefore, this review encourages further studies on Triplaris in the search for a wide range of therapeutic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Kelle Souza Macêdo
- Central de Análise de Fármacos, Medicamentos e Alimentos (CAFMA) - Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, PE, Brazil; Laboratório de Farmacognosia e Fitoterapia (LFF) - Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, PE, Brazil; Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia (RENORBIO) - Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Kátia Simoni Bezerra Lima
- Central de Análise de Fármacos, Medicamentos e Alimentos (CAFMA) - Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, PE, Brazil; Laboratório de Farmacognosia e Fitoterapia (LFF) - Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, PE, Brazil
| | | | - Sírley Sharliny Gomes Campos
- Laboratório de Farmacognosia e Fitoterapia (LFF) - Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, PE, Brazil
| | - Bruna Rodrigues Araújo
- Laboratório de Farmacognosia e Fitoterapia (LFF) - Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, PE, Brazil
| | - Jackson Roberto Guedes da Silva Almeida
- Central de Análise de Fármacos, Medicamentos e Alimentos (CAFMA) - Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, PE, Brazil; Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia (RENORBIO) - Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Larissa Araújo Rolim
- Central de Análise de Fármacos, Medicamentos e Alimentos (CAFMA) - Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, PE, Brazil; Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia (RENORBIO) - Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Xirley Pereira Nunes
- Laboratório de Farmacognosia e Fitoterapia (LFF) - Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, PE, Brazil; Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia (RENORBIO) - Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil.
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Silva-Silva JV, Moragas-Tellis CJ, Chagas MSS, Souza PVR, Moreira DL, de Souza CSF, Teixeira KF, Cenci AR, de Oliveira AS, Almeida-Souza F, Behrens MD, Calabrese KS. Carajurin: a anthocyanidin from Arrabidaea chica as a potential biological marker of antileishmanial activity. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111910. [PMID: 34323692 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a group of neglected tropical diseases whose treatment with antimonials bears limitations and has changed little in over 80 years. Medicinal plants have been evaluated as a therapeutic alternative for leishmaniasis. Arrabidaea chica is popularly used as a wound healing and antiparasitic agent, especially as leishmanicidal agent. This study examined the leishmanicidal activity of a crude extract (ACCE), an anthocyanidin-rich fraction (ACAF), and three isolated anthocyanidins from A. chica: carajurin, 3'-hydroxy-carajurone, and carajurone. We evaluated the antileishmanial activity against promastigote and intracellular amastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensis and determined cytotoxicity in BALB/c peritoneal macrophages, as well as nitrite quantification, using the Griess method. Molecular docking was carried out to evaluate interactions of carajurin at the nitric oxide synthase enzyme. All compounds were active against promastigotes after 72 h, with IC50 values of 101.5 ± 0.06 μg/mL for ACCE and 4.976 ± 1.09 μg/mL for ACAF. Anthocyanidins carajurin, 3'-hydroxy-carajurone, and carajurone had IC50 values of 3.66 ± 1.16, 22.70 ± 1.20, and 28.28 ± 0.07 μg/mL, respectively. The cytotoxicity assay after 72 h showed results ranging from 9.640 to 66.74 µg/mL for anthocyanidins. ACAF and carajurin showed selectivity against intracellular amastigote forms (SI> 10), with low cytotoxicity within 24 h, a statistically significant reduction in all infection parameters, and induced nitrite production. Molecular docking studies were developed to understand a possible mechanism of activation of the nitric oxide synthase enzyme, which leads to an increase in the production of nitric oxide observed in the other experiments reported. These results encourage us to suggest carajurin as a biological marker of A. chica.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Victor Silva-Silva
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and Protozoology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Carla J Moragas-Tellis
- Laboratory of Natural Products for Public Health, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute - Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Maria S S Chagas
- Laboratory of Natural Products for Public Health, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute - Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Paulo Victor R Souza
- Laboratory of Natural Products for Public Health, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute - Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Student on Postgraduate Program in Translational Research in Drugs and Medicines, Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Davyson L Moreira
- Laboratory of Natural Products for Public Health, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute - Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Research Directorate of the Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden Research Institute, Jardim Botânico, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22460-030, Brazil.
| | - Celeste S F de Souza
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and Protozoology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Kerolain F Teixeira
- Department of Exact Sciences and Education. Federal University of Santa Catarina, Blumenau, SC, Brazil.
| | - Arthur R Cenci
- Department of Exact Sciences and Education. Federal University of Santa Catarina, Blumenau, SC, Brazil.
| | - Aldo S de Oliveira
- Department of Exact Sciences and Education. Federal University of Santa Catarina, Blumenau, SC, Brazil.
| | - Fernando Almeida-Souza
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and Protozoology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, State University of Maranhão, São Luis, MA, Brazil.
| | - Maria D Behrens
- Laboratory of Natural Products for Public Health, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute - Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Kátia S Calabrese
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and Protozoology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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Peixoto JF, Ramos YJ, de Lima Moreira D, Alves CR, Gonçalves-Oliveira LF. Potential of Piper spp. as a source of new compounds for the leishmaniases treatment. Parasitol Res 2021; 120:2731-2747. [PMID: 34245362 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-021-07199-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Current treatment guidelines for leishmaniasis is based on chemotherapy with drugs that show a set of limitations such as high cost, toxicity, difficult route of administration, and lack of efficacy in endemic areas. In this context, phytopharmaceutical products and herbal medicines emerge as promising alternatives for developing new treatment against leishmaniasis. This review discusses the perspectives of leishmaniasis treatment based on natural products and phytotherapy highlighting the Piper genus, especially P. aduncun and P. mollicomum Kunth covering the period of 1998 to 2020. Leishmanicidal activity of pure compounds of Piper spp. [3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl) propanoic acid, 3-chlorosintenpyridone, 2'-hydroxy-3',4',6'-trimethoxy-chalcone, cardamonin, conocarpan, cubebin, eupomatenoid, flavokavain B, ( +)-(7R,8S)-epoxy-5,6-didehydrokavain, N-[7-(3',4'-methylenedioxypheny l-2(E),4(E)-heptadienoyl-pyrrolidine, N-[7-(3',4'-methylenedioxyphenyl)-2(Z),4(Z)-heptadienoyl-pyrrolidine, piperovatine, pellitorine, and piplartine (piperlongumine)] were proved against the promastigote and amastigote forms of parasite related with cutaneous (L. (L.) amazonensis, L. (V.) braziliensis, and L. (V.) guyanensis) and visceral (L. (L.) donovani, L. (L.) chagasi, and L. (L.) infantum). We also discussed the perspective of leishmaniasis treatment, considering the potential synergism between different promising species of Piper, presenting some interesting interaction possibilities for future studies between plants. Finally, the necessary steps for technological development of phytomedicines and herbal medicines with the desirable quality requirements for medicines are highlighted. The data presented here highlight the use of Piper spp. as source of pharmacological compounds that can lead to effective, safe, and inexpensive treatments for leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Figueiredo Peixoto
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Doenças Endêmicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Av Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ygor Jessé Ramos
- Departamento de Produtos Naturais, Instituto de Tecnologia em Fármacos (Farmanguinhos), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Av Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Davyson de Lima Moreira
- Departamento de Produtos Naturais, Instituto de Tecnologia em Fármacos (Farmanguinhos), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Av Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carlos Roberto Alves
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Doenças Endêmicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Av Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Luiz Filipe Gonçalves-Oliveira
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Doenças Endêmicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Av Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Passero LFD, Brunelli EDS, Sauini T, Amorim Pavani TF, Jesus JA, Rodrigues E. The Potential of Traditional Knowledge to Develop Effective Medicines for the Treatment of Leishmaniasis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:690432. [PMID: 34220515 PMCID: PMC8248671 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.690432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease that affects people living in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. There are few therapeutic options for treating this infectious disease, and available drugs induce severe side effects in patients. Different communities have limited access to hospital facilities, as well as classical treatment of leishmaniasis; therefore, they use local natural products as alternative medicines to treat this infectious disease. The present work performed a bibliographic survey worldwide to record plants used by traditional communities to treat leishmaniasis, as well as the uses and peculiarities associated with each plant, which can guide future studies regarding the characterization of new drugs to treat leishmaniasis. A bibliographic survey performed in the PubMed and Scopus databases retrieved 294 articles related to traditional knowledge, medicinal plants and leishmaniasis; however, only 20 were selected based on the traditional use of plants to treat leishmaniasis. Considering such studies, 378 quotes referring to 292 plants (216 species and 76 genera) that have been used to treat leishmaniasis were recorded, which could be grouped into 89 different families. A broad discussion has been presented regarding the most frequent families, including Fabaceae (27 quotes), Araceae (23), Solanaceae and Asteraceae (22 each). Among the available data in the 378 quotes, it was observed that the parts of the plants most frequently used in local medicine were leaves (42.3% of recipes), applied topically (74.6%) and fresh poultices (17.2%). The contribution of Latin America to studies enrolling ethnopharmacological indications to treat leishmaniasis was evident. Of the 292 plants registered, 79 were tested against Leishmania sp. Future studies on leishmanicidal activity could be guided by the 292 plants presented in this study, mainly the five species Carica papaya L. (Caricaceae), Cedrela odorata L. (Meliaceae), Copaifera paupera (Herzog) Dwyer (Fabaceae), Musa × paradisiaca L. (Musaceae), and Nicotiana tabacum L. (Solanaceae), since they are the most frequently cited in articles and by traditional communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Felipe D Passero
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil.,Institute for Advanced Studies of Ocean, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Erika Dos Santos Brunelli
- Center for Ethnobotanical and Ethnopharmacological Studies (CEE), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thamara Sauini
- Center for Ethnobotanical and Ethnopharmacological Studies (CEE), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thais Fernanda Amorim Pavani
- Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research Group (GPQFfesp), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Environmental, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Adriana Jesus
- Laboratório de Patologia de Moléstias Infecciosas (LIM50), Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eliana Rodrigues
- Center for Ethnobotanical and Ethnopharmacological Studies (CEE), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
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Vásquez-Ocmín PG, Gadea A, Cojean S, Marti G, Pomel S, Van Baelen AC, Ruiz-Vásquez L, Ruiz Mesia W, Figadère B, Ruiz Mesia L, Maciuk A. Metabolomic approach of the antiprotozoal activity of medicinal Piper species used in Peruvian Amazon. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 264:113262. [PMID: 32818574 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In the Peruvian Amazon as in the tropical countries of South America, the use of medicinal Piper species (cordoncillos) is common practice, particularly against symptoms of infection by protozoal parasites. However, there is few documented information about the practical aspects of their use and few scientific validation. The starting point of this work was a set of interviews of people living in six rural communities from the Peruvian Amazon (Alto Amazonas Province) about their uses of plants from Piper genus: one community of Amerindian native people (Shawi community) and five communities of mestizos. Infections caused by parasitic protozoa take a huge toll on public health in the Amazonian communities, who partly fight it using traditional remedies. Validation of these traditional practices contributes to public health care efficiency and may help to identify new antiprotozoal compounds. AIMS OF STUDY To record and validate the use of medicinal Piper species by rural people of Alto Amazonas Province (Peru) and annotate active compounds using a correlation study and a data mining approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rural communities were interviewed about traditional medication against parasite infections with medicinal Piper species. Ethnopharmacological surveys were undertaken in five mestizo villages, namely: Nueva Arica, Shucushuyacu, Parinari, Lagunas and Esperanza, and one Shawi community (Balsapuerto village). All communities belong to the Alto Amazonas Province (Loreto region, Peru). Seventeen Piper species were collected according to their traditional use for the treatment of parasitic diseases, 35 extracts (leaves or leaves and stems) were tested in vitro on P. falciparum (3D7 chloroquine-sensitive strain and W2 chloroquine-resistant strain), Leishmania donovani LV9 strain and Trypanosoma brucei gambiense. Assessments were performed on HUVEC cells and RAW 264.7 macrophages. The annotation of active compounds was realized by metabolomic analysis and molecular networking approach. RESULTS Nine extracts were active (IC50 ≤ 10 μg/mL) on 3D7 P. falciparum and only one on W2 P. falciparum, six on L. donovani (axenic and intramacrophagic amastigotes) and seven on Trypanosoma brucei gambiense. Only one extract was active on all three parasites (P. lineatum). After metabolomic analyses and annotation of compounds active on Leishmania, P. strigosum and P. pseudoarboreum were considered as potential sources of leishmanicidal compounds. CONCLUSIONS This ethnopharmacological study and the associated in vitro bioassays corroborated the relevance of use of Piper species in the Amazonian traditional medicine, especially in Peru. A series of Piper species with few previously available phytochemical data have good antiprotozoal activity and could be a starting point for subsequent promising work. Metabolomic approach appears to be a smart, quick but still limited methodology to identify compounds with high probability of biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro G Vásquez-Ocmín
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, BioCIS, 92290, Châtenay-Malabry, France; UMR152 PHARMADEV, IRD, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
| | - Alice Gadea
- Université de Paris, CiTCoM, UMR CNRS 8038, Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Cojean
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, BioCIS, 92290, Châtenay-Malabry, France; CNR du Paludisme, AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard, F-75018, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Marti
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales UMR 5546 UPS/CNRS, Plateforme MetaboHUB - MetaToul - Métabolites Végétaux, Auzeville-Tolosan, France
| | - Sébastien Pomel
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, BioCIS, 92290, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | | | - Liliana Ruiz-Vásquez
- Laboratorio de Investigación de Productos Naturales Antiparasitarios de la Amazonia (LIPNAA), Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana (UNAP), AA. HH. "Nuevo San Lorenzo", Pasaje Paujiles S/N, San Juan, Iquitos, Peru
| | - Wilfredo Ruiz Mesia
- Laboratorio de Investigación de Productos Naturales Antiparasitarios de la Amazonia (LIPNAA), Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana (UNAP), AA. HH. "Nuevo San Lorenzo", Pasaje Paujiles S/N, San Juan, Iquitos, Peru
| | - Bruno Figadère
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, BioCIS, 92290, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Lastenia Ruiz Mesia
- Laboratorio de Investigación de Productos Naturales Antiparasitarios de la Amazonia (LIPNAA), Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana (UNAP), AA. HH. "Nuevo San Lorenzo", Pasaje Paujiles S/N, San Juan, Iquitos, Peru
| | - Alexandre Maciuk
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, BioCIS, 92290, Châtenay-Malabry, France.
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Wagner V, Minguez-Menendez A, Pena J, Fernández-Prada C. Innovative Solutions for the Control of Leishmaniases: Nanoscale Drug Delivery Systems. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 25:1582-1592. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190621154552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Leishmania are sandfly-transmitted protozoan parasites that harbour within the macrophages
of a mammalian host and cause leishmaniasis, a serious zoonotic disease that threatens the lives of millions
worldwide. Its numerous forms (cutaneous, mucocutaneous, and visceral) are currently treated with a sparse
arsenal of drugs, specifically antimonials, amphotericin B, miltefosine, and paromomycin, for which drug resistance
and clinical failure are rampant. Medicine is presently trending towards nanotechnology to aid in the successful
delivery of drugs. Vehicles such as lipid-based nanocarriers, polymer-based nanoparticles, and metal ions
and oxides have been previously demonstrated to improve bioavailability of drugs and decrease toxicity for the
patient. These cutting-edge solutions can be combined with existing active molecules, as well as novel drugs or
plant extracts with promising antileishmanial activity.
Conclusion:
This review explores the current evidence for the treatment of leishmaniases using nanoscale drug
delivery systems (specifically lipid-, polymer- and metal-based systems) and encourages further development of
the aforementioned nanotechnologies for treatment of Leishmania.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Wagner
- Departement de Pathologie et Microbiologie, Faculte de Medecine Veterinaire Universite de Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Aida Minguez-Menendez
- Departement de Pathologie et Microbiologie, Faculte de Medecine Veterinaire Universite de Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Joan Pena
- Departement de Pathologie et Microbiologie, Faculte de Medecine Veterinaire Universite de Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Christopher Fernández-Prada
- Departement de Pathologie et Microbiologie, Faculte de Medecine Veterinaire Universite de Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
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Moreira RRD, Santos AGD, Carvalho FA, Perego CH, Crevelin EJ, Crotti AEM, Cogo J, Cardoso MLC, Nakamura CV. Antileishmanial activity of Melampodium divaricatum and Casearia sylvestris essential oils on Leishmania amazonensis. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2019; 61:e33. [PMID: 31269109 PMCID: PMC6609133 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946201961033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a disease that affects millions of people and it is an important public health problem. The drugs currently used for the treatment of leishmaniasis present undesirable side effects and low efficacy. In this study, we evaluated the in vitro activity of Melampodium divaricatum (MD-EO) and Casearia sylvestris (CS-EO) essential oils (EO) against promastigote and amastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensis. Sesquiterpenes E-caryophyllene (56.0%), germacrene D (12.7%) and bicyclogermacrene (9.2%) were identified as the main components of MD-EO, whereas E-caryophyllene (22.2%), germacrene D (19.6%) and bicyclogermacrene (12.2%) were the main constituents of CS-EO. CS-EO and E-caryophyllene were active against promastigote forms of L. amazonensis (IC50 24.2, 29.8 and 49.9 µg/mL, respectively). However, MD-EO, CS-EO and E-caryophyllene were more active against amastigote forms, with IC50 values of 10.7, 14.0, and 10.7 µg/mL, respectively. E-caryophyllene presented lower cytotoxicity against macrophages J774-A1 (CC50 of 62.1 µg/mL) than the EO. The EOs and E-caryophyllene should be further studied for the development of new antileishmanial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - André Gonzaga Dos Santos
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flavio Alexandre Carvalho
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caio Humberto Perego
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo José Crevelin
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Química, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antônio Eduardo Miller Crotti
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Química, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana Cogo
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Mara Lane Carvalho Cardoso
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Farmácia e Farmacologia, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Celso Vataru Nakamura
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
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Salehi B, Zakaria ZA, Gyawali R, Ibrahim SA, Rajkovic J, Shinwari ZK, Khan T, Sharifi-Rad J, Ozleyen A, Turkdonmez E, Valussi M, Tumer TB, Monzote Fidalgo L, Martorell M, Setzer WN. Piper Species: A Comprehensive Review on Their Phytochemistry, Biological Activities and Applications. Molecules 2019; 24:E1364. [PMID: 30959974 PMCID: PMC6479398 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24071364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Piper species are aromatic plants used as spices in the kitchen, but their secondary metabolites have also shown biological effects on human health. These plants are rich in essential oils, which can be found in their fruits, seeds, leaves, branches, roots and stems. Some Piper species have simple chemical profiles, while others, such as Piper nigrum, Piper betle, and Piper auritum, contain very diverse suites of secondary metabolites. In traditional medicine, Piper species have been used worldwide to treat several diseases such as urological problems, skin, liver and stomach ailments, for wound healing, and as antipyretic and anti-inflammatory agents. In addition, Piper species could be used as natural antioxidants and antimicrobial agents in food preservation. The phytochemicals and essential oils of Piper species have shown strong antioxidant activity, in comparison with synthetic antioxidants, and demonstrated antibacterial and antifungal activities against human pathogens. Moreover, Piper species possess therapeutic and preventive potential against several chronic disorders. Among the functional properties of Piper plants/extracts/active components the antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, and neuropharmacological activities of the extracts and extract-derived bioactive constituents are thought to be key effects for the protection against chronic conditions, based on preclinical in vitro and in vivo studies, besides clinical studies. Habitats and cultivation of Piper species are also covered in this review. In this current work, available literature of chemical constituents of the essential oils Piper plants, their use in traditional medicine, their applications as a food preservative, their antiparasitic activities and other important biological activities are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahare Salehi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam 44340847, Iran.
| | - Zainul Amiruddin Zakaria
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Rabin Gyawali
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA.
| | - Salam A Ibrahim
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA.
| | - Jovana Rajkovic
- Institute of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, University of Belgrade, 11129 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Zabta Khan Shinwari
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Tariq Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Food Safety Research Center (salt), Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan 35198-99951, Iran.
| | - Adem Ozleyen
- Graduate Program of Biomolecular Sciences, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 17020 Canakkale, Turkey.
| | - Elif Turkdonmez
- Graduate Program of Biomolecular Sciences, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 17020 Canakkale, Turkey.
| | - Marco Valussi
- European Herbal and Traditional Medicine Practitioners Association (EHTPA), 25 Lincoln Close, GL20 5TY Tewkesbury, UK.
| | - Tugba Boyunegmez Tumer
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Science, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 17020 Canakkale, Turkey.
| | - Lianet Monzote Fidalgo
- Parasitology Department, Institute of Tropical Medicine "Pedro Kouri", 10400 Havana, Cuba.
| | - Miquel Martorell
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepcion, 4070386 Concepcion, VIII-Bio Bio Region, Chile.
| | - William N Setzer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA.
- Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 100, Lehi, UT 84043, USA.
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Clementino LDC, Velásquez AMA, Passalacqua TG, de Almeida L, Graminha MA, Martins GZ, Salgueiro L, Cavaleiro C, Sousa MDC, Moreira RR. In vitro activities of glycoalkaloids from the Solanum lycocarpum against Leishmania infantum. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2018.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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12
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Durant-Archibold AA, Santana AI, Gupta MP. Ethnomedical uses and pharmacological activities of most prevalent species of genus Piper in Panama: A review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 217:63-82. [PMID: 29428241 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Piperaceae is the fifth largest family of plants in Panama. This review focuses on the ethnomedical uses of the most prevalent Panamanian species and biological activities of their extracts and/or constituents both in Panama and worldwide. Many species have a plethora of ethnomedical uses such as antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-Helicobacter pylori, antiulcer, antiprotozoal, estrogenic, insecticidal, local anesthetic, diuretic, and for women's health conditions. AIM OF THE REVIEW The aim of this review is to compile all ethnomedical uses of most prevalent species of Piper in Panama, and their extracts or phytoconstituents worldwide, through a complete literature search, so that it may allow selection of potential unexplored Piper species for future research and development of phytotherapeuticals for important ailments. METHODOLOGY This review conducted a thorough search in books and databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Sci-Finder, Scopus, ACS publications, Science Direct, and Reaxys (Elsevier), until October of 2017. The information provided in this review is based on peer-reviewed papers only in English. The key words used to search were: "Piper", "Piperaceae", "Panama", "Pharmacological activity", "Chemistry," "Toxicity," and "Clinical studies". Scientific names of the plants were validated through www.tropicos.org. Potential full-texts of eligible papers, irrespective of database, were identified. Study selection and data extraction were conducted by one author (AIS) and confirmed by others (MPG, ADA). The extracted data were summarized in tabular form and a narrative description was used to provide a summary of updated information. RESULTS The ethnomedical uses of most prevalent 23 Panamanian species of Piper both in Panama as well in the world are provided. Of these species only Piper arboreum, Piper auritum, Piper cordulatum, Piper hispidum, Piper dariense, Piper multiplinervium and Piper umbellatum have ethnomedical uses in Panama. Some of the uses are by native Amerindians of Panama. These include ailments such as liver pains, common colds, skin infections, insecticidal, as a bath to alleviate colds, snakebites, different types of pains, skin ailments, wound healing, rheumatism, women's health, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory. Other Panamanian species are widely used in many countries of the world. Of all the Piper species, P. aduncum has the most ethnomedical uses. Panamanian uses are different from the ones in other countries. A total of 61 compounds present in Piper species reported in this review have shown a variety of biological activities in vitro. These compounds belong to different chemical types, such as chromenes, amides, alkaloids, benzopyrans, benzoates, essential oils, pyrrolidines, flavokaines, chalcones, methylenedioxy propiophenones, cinnamates, monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, phenols, among others. From this review it is evident that extracts and pure compounds isolated from Piper species have shown a wide array of mainly in vitro activity and some ethnomedical uses may be correlated with their activities reported. CONCLUSIONS Plants of this genus have provided bioactive species, both from crude extracts and pure compounds thus substantiating their efficacy in traditional medicine. In vivo and toxicological studies are still limited, but the results of different activities of Piper reported point out the great potential of these species for obtaining bioactive principles that may be useful in treating diseases. However, a thorough investigation of Piper species relating to chemistry, in vivo pharmacological activities, with emphasis on their mechanism of action, safety and efficacy and toxicity is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armando A Durant-Archibold
- Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine Research Unit, Center for Drug Discovery and Biodiversity Institute of Scientific Research and High Technology Services (INDICASAT, AIP), Panama City, Panama; College of Natural, Exact Sciences and Technology, University of Panama, Panama City, Panama.
| | - Ana I Santana
- College of Natural, Exact Sciences and Technology, University of Panama, Panama City, Panama
| | - Mahabir P Gupta
- Center for Pharmacognostic Research on Panamanian Flora (CIFLORPAN), College of Pharmacy, University of Panama, Box 0824-00172, Panama.
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13
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Arévalo-Lopéz D, Nina N, Ticona JC, Limachi I, Salamanca E, Udaeta E, Paredes C, Espinoza B, Serato A, Garnica D, Limachi A, Coaquira D, Salazar S, Flores N, Sterner O, Giménez A. Leishmanicidal and cytotoxic activity from plants used in Tacana traditional medicine (Bolivia). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 216:120-133. [PMID: 29391199 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
ETNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Thirty-eight Tacana medicinal plant species used to treat skin problems, including leishmania ulcers, skin infections, inflammation and wound healing, were collected in the community of Buena Vista, Bolivia, with the Tacana people. Twenty two species are documented for the first time as medicinal plants for this ethnic group living in the northern area of the Department of La Paz. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the leishmanicidal effect (IC50) and cytotoxicity (LD50) of the selected plants. To carry out bioguided studies on the active extracts. To assess the potential of Bolivian plant biodiversity associated with traditional knowledge in the discovery of alternative sources to fight leishmaniasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventy three ethanol extracts were prepared from 38 species by maceration and were evaluated in vitro against promastigotes of Leishmania amazonensis and L. braziliensis. Active extracts (IC50 ≤ 50 μg/mL) were fractionated by chromatography on Silica gel column and the fractions were assessed against the two Leishmania strains. The most active fractions and the crude extracts were evaluated against reference strains of L. amazonensis, L. braziliensis, L. aethiopica, two native strains (L. Lainsoni and L. braziliensis) and for cytotoxicity against HeLa cells. The chromatographic profile of the active fractions was obtained by reverse phase chromatography using HPLC. RESULTS From the 73 extracts, 39 extracts (53.4%) were inactive and 34 showed activity. Thirteen species were sselected for bioguided studies. The crude extracts and their 36 fractions were evaluated against two Leishmania strains. The most active fraction were tested in a panel of five leishmania strains and for cytotoxicity. The Selective Index (SI = LD50/IC50) was calculated, and were generally low. Retention time and UV spectra were recorded for the active fractions by HPLC-DAD using a reverse phase column. Profiles were very different from each other, showing the presence of different compounds. CONCLUSION Bolivian traditional knowledge from the Tacanba was useful to identify plants with effect on Leishmania promastigotes. Chromatographic bioguided studies showed stronger leishmanicidal and cytotoxic activity for the medium polar fraction. HPLC analysis showed different chromatographic profiles of the active fractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diandra Arévalo-Lopéz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fármaco-Bioquímicas (IIFB), Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Bioquímicas, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés (UMSA), Av. Saavedra No 2224, Miraflores, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Nélida Nina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fármaco-Bioquímicas (IIFB), Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Bioquímicas, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés (UMSA), Av. Saavedra No 2224, Miraflores, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Juan C Ticona
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fármaco-Bioquímicas (IIFB), Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Bioquímicas, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés (UMSA), Av. Saavedra No 2224, Miraflores, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Ivan Limachi
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fármaco-Bioquímicas (IIFB), Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Bioquímicas, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés (UMSA), Av. Saavedra No 2224, Miraflores, La Paz, Bolivia; Center for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Efrain Salamanca
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fármaco-Bioquímicas (IIFB), Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Bioquímicas, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés (UMSA), Av. Saavedra No 2224, Miraflores, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Enrique Udaeta
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fármaco-Bioquímicas (IIFB), Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Bioquímicas, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés (UMSA), Av. Saavedra No 2224, Miraflores, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Crispin Paredes
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fármaco-Bioquímicas (IIFB), Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Bioquímicas, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés (UMSA), Av. Saavedra No 2224, Miraflores, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Boris Espinoza
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fármaco-Bioquímicas (IIFB), Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Bioquímicas, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés (UMSA), Av. Saavedra No 2224, Miraflores, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Alcides Serato
- Consejo Indigena de Pueblos Tacana (CIPTA), Tumupasa, Provincia Abel Iturralde, Department of La Paz, Bolivia
| | - David Garnica
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fármaco-Bioquímicas (IIFB), Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Bioquímicas, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés (UMSA), Av. Saavedra No 2224, Miraflores, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Abigail Limachi
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fármaco-Bioquímicas (IIFB), Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Bioquímicas, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés (UMSA), Av. Saavedra No 2224, Miraflores, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Dayana Coaquira
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fármaco-Bioquímicas (IIFB), Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Bioquímicas, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés (UMSA), Av. Saavedra No 2224, Miraflores, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Sarah Salazar
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fármaco-Bioquímicas (IIFB), Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Bioquímicas, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés (UMSA), Av. Saavedra No 2224, Miraflores, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Ninoska Flores
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fármaco-Bioquímicas (IIFB), Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Bioquímicas, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés (UMSA), Av. Saavedra No 2224, Miraflores, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Olov Sterner
- Center for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Alberto Giménez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fármaco-Bioquímicas (IIFB), Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Bioquímicas, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés (UMSA), Av. Saavedra No 2224, Miraflores, La Paz, Bolivia.
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Development of Nanoemulsions to Enhance the Antileishmanial Activity of Copaifera paupera Oleoresins. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:9781724. [PMID: 29850595 PMCID: PMC5904801 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9781724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Based on the ethnopharmacological evidences about the antileishmanial activity of Copaifera spp. oleoresins, the effects of crude extracts and fractions of oleoresin of two specimens from Copaifera paupera were evaluated on Leishmania amazonensis and Leishmania infantum strains. The oleoresin rich in α-copaene (38.8%) exhibited the best activity against L. amazonensis (IC50 = 62.5 μg/mL) and against L. infantum (IC50 = 65.9 μg/mL). The sesquiterpene α-copaene isolated was tested alone and exhibited high antileishmanial activity in vitro with IC50 values for L. amazonensis and L. infantum of 17.2 and 11.4 μg/mL, respectively. In order to increase antileishmanial activity, nanoemulsions containing copaiba oleoresin and α-copaene were developed and assayed against L. amazonensis and L. infantum promastigotes. The nanoemulsion containing α-copaene (NANOCOPAEN) showed the best activity against both species, with IC50 of 2.5 and 2.2 μg/mL, respectively. This is the first report about the antileishmanial activity of α-copaene.
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Dhorm Pimentel de Moraes AR, Tavares GD, Soares Rocha FJ, de Paula E, Giorgio S. Effects of nanoemulsions prepared with essential oils of copaiba- and andiroba against Leishmania infantum and Leishmania amazonensis infections. Exp Parasitol 2018. [PMID: 29518448 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Plant products are an important source of bioactive agents against parasitic diseases, including leishmaniasis. Among these products, vegetable oils have gained ground in the pharmaceutical field. Here we report the development of nanoemulsions as a delivery system for copaiba and andiroba oils (nanocopa and nanoandi) in order to test their effects on Leishmania infantum and L. amazonensis. The nanocopa and nanoandi had an average particle size of 76.1 and 88.1, respectively with polydispersity index 0.14 to 0.16 and potential zeta -2.54 to -3.9. The data indicated toxic activity of nanocopa and nanoandi against promastigotes of both Leishmania species ultrastructural analyses by scanning electron microscopy revealed that exposition to nanoemulsions induced oval cell shape and retracted flagella. The treatment with nanocopa and nanoandi led to a reduction in L. infantum and L. amazonensis infection levels in macrophage cultures. The nanoemulsions treatment have significant beneficial effects on all the parameters evaluated in lesions induced by L. amazonensis (lesion size, parasite burden and histopathology) on BALB/c mice. The treatment of L. infantum-infected BALB/c mice with nanoemulsions also showed promising results reducing parasite burden in spleen and liver and improving histopathological features.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Eneida de Paula
- Departamento de Bioquimica e Biologia Estrutural, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Selma Giorgio
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Moein D, Masoud D, Saeed M, Abbas D. Epidemiological Aspects of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis during 2009-2016 in Kashan City, Central Iran. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2018; 56:21-24. [PMID: 29529846 PMCID: PMC5858664 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2018.56.1.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Revised: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) can be seen in 2 forms, zoonotic and anthroponotic, in Iran. In this study, epidemiological aspects of CL were studied during an 8-year period (2009-2016) in city of Kashan, central Iran. The demographic and epidemiological data, including age, sex, occupation, number and site of the lesions, treatment regimen, past history of CL, and season of all patients were gathered from the health centers. Descriptive statistics were used to describe features of the study data. Total 2,676 people with CL were identified. The highest annual incidence was estimated to be 182 per 100,000 population in 2009 and the least was in 2016 (47 per 100,000 population). The highest frequency affected age groups were observed in 20-29 year-old patients (20.9%). More than 51% of the patients were under 30 years old. The maximum frequency of the disease, 1,134 (43.3%), was seen in autumn. The most common location of lesions was hands (61.4%). Most of the patients (81.6%) were treated by systemic glucantime regimen. In the city of Kashan, the incidence rate of the CL disease is significantly higher than many other regions of Iran. To reduce the risk of disease, control of reservoir hosts and vectors of disease, and education of individual protection are strongly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doroodgar Moein
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Doroodgar Masoud
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahboobi Saeed
- Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Vice Chancellor of Health, Group of Communicable Diseases, Kashan, Iran
| | - Doroodgar Abbas
- Department of Medical Parasitology, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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Vásquez-Ocmín P, Cojean S, Rengifo E, Suyyagh-Albouz S, Amasifuen Guerra CA, Pomel S, Cabanillas B, Mejía K, Loiseau PM, Figadère B, Maciuk A. Antiprotozoal activity of medicinal plants used by Iquitos-Nauta road communities in Loreto (Peru). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 210:372-385. [PMID: 28887215 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In the Peruvian Amazon, the use of medicinal plants is a common practice. However, there is few documented information about the practical aspects of their use and few scientific validation. The starting point for this work was a set of interviews of people living in rural communities from the Peruvian Amazon about their uses of plants. Protozoan diseases are a public health issue in the Amazonian communities, who partly cope with it by using traditional remedies. Validation of these traditional practices contributes to public health care efficiency and may help identify new antiprotozoal compounds. AIMS OF STUDY to inventory and validate the use of medicinal plants by rural people of Loreto region. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rural mestizos were interviewed about traditional medication of parasite infections with medicinal plants. Ethnopharmacological surveys were undertaken in two villages along Iquitos-Nauta road (Loreto region, Peru), namely 13 de Febrero and El Dorado communities. Forty-six plants were collected according to their traditional use for the treatment of parasitic diseases, 50 ethanolic extracts (different parts for some of the plants) were tested in vitro on Plasmodium falciparum (3D7 sensitive strain and W2 chloroquine resistant strain), Leishmania donovani LV9 strain and Trypanosoma brucei gambiense. Cytotoxic assessment (HUVEC cells) of the active extracts was performed. Two of the most active plants were submitted to preliminary bioguided fractionation to ascertain and explore their activities. RESULTS From the initial plants list, 10 were found to be active on P. falciparum, 15 on L. donovani and 2 on the three parasites. The ethanolic extract from Costus curvibracteatus (Costaceae) leaves and Grias neuberthii (Lecythidaceae) bark showed strong in vitro activity on P. falciparum (sensitive and resistant strain) and L. donovani and moderate activity on T. brucei gambiense. CONCLUSIONS The Amazonian forest communities in Peru represents a source of knowledge on the use of medicinal plants. In this work, several extracts with antiprotozoal activity were identified. This work contributes to validate some traditional uses and opens subsequent investigations on active compounds isolation and identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Vásquez-Ocmín
- Equipe "Chimie des substances naturelles" BioCIS, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J.-B. Clément, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France.
| | - Sandrine Cojean
- Equipe "Chimiothérapie antiparasitaire" BioCIS, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J.-B. Clément, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Elsa Rengifo
- Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana, Avenida Abelardo Quiñonez Km. 4.5, Iquitos, Peru
| | - Soulaf Suyyagh-Albouz
- Equipe "Chimiothérapie antiparasitaire" BioCIS, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J.-B. Clément, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Carlos A Amasifuen Guerra
- Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Calle Pevas 5ta cuadra, Iquitos, Peru
| | - Sébastien Pomel
- Equipe "Chimiothérapie antiparasitaire" BioCIS, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J.-B. Clément, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Billy Cabanillas
- Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana, Avenida Abelardo Quiñonez Km. 4.5, Iquitos, Peru
| | - Kember Mejía
- Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana, Avenida Abelardo Quiñonez Km. 4.5, Iquitos, Peru
| | - Philippe M Loiseau
- Equipe "Chimiothérapie antiparasitaire" BioCIS, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J.-B. Clément, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Bruno Figadère
- Equipe "Chimie des substances naturelles" BioCIS, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J.-B. Clément, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Alexandre Maciuk
- Equipe "Chimie des substances naturelles" BioCIS, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J.-B. Clément, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France.
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Svobodova B, Barros L, Sopik T, Calhelha RC, Heleno S, Alves MJ, Walcott S, Kuban V, Ferreira ICFR. Non-edible parts of Solanum stramoniifolium Jacq. - a new potent source of bioactive extracts rich in phenolic compounds for functional foods. Food Funct 2017; 8:2013-2021. [PMID: 28488719 DOI: 10.1039/c7fo00297a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Extracts prepared from leaves, roots, and stems of Solanum stramoniifolium Jacq. (Solanaceae) in 80% ethanol have been tested for their in vitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic activities with an aim to find new sources of substances for functional foods and food additives. The root extract revealed the highest antioxidant activity in all assays exceeding the trolox capacity, and was the only extract that inhibited nitric oxide production in mouse macrophage cells, showing also the capacity to suppress the growth of all tested human tumor cell lines (MCF-7, NCI-H460, HeLa and HepG2). The leaf extract showed the strongest antimicrobial activity inhibiting all tested clinical isolates. To the author's best knowledge it was the first time that all individual parts of this plant were tested for biological activity together with the phenolic compound characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanka Svobodova
- Mountain Research Centre (CIMO), ESA, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolonia, 1172, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
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Odonne G, Houël E, Bourdy G, Stien D. Treating leishmaniasis in Amazonia: A review of ethnomedicinal concepts and pharmaco-chemical analysis of traditional treatments to inspire modern phytotherapies. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 199:211-230. [PMID: 28131912 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis are neglected tropical diseases that occur in all intertropical regions of the world. Amazonian populations have developed an abundant knowledge of the disease and its remedies. Therefore, we undertook to review traditional antileishmanial plants in Amazonia and have developed new tools to analyze this somewhat dispersed information. MATERIAL AND METHODS A literature review of traditional remedies for cutaneous/mucocutaneous leishmaniasis in the Amazon was conducted and the data obtained was used to calculate distribution indexes designed to highlight the most relevant uses in Amazonia. The cultural distribution index represents the distribution rate of a given taxon among different cultural groups and was calculated as the ratio of the number of groups using the taxon to the total number of groups cited. The geographical distribution index allowed us to quantify spatial distribution of a taxon's uses in Amazonia and was calculated geometrically by measuring the average distance between the points where uses have been reported and the barycenter of those points. The general distribution index was defined as an arithmetic combination of the previous two and provides information on both cultural and spatial criteria. RESULTS 475 use reports, concerning 291 botanical species belonging to 83 families have been gathered depicted from 29 sources. Uses concern 34 cultural groups. While the use of some taxa appears to be Pan-Amazonian, some others are clearly restricted to small geographical regions. Particular attention has been paid to the recipes and beliefs surrounding treatments. Topical application of the remedies dominated the other means of administration and this deserves particular attention as the main treatments against Neotropical leishmaniasis are painful systemic injections. The data set was analyzed using the previously defined distribution indexes and the most relevant taxa were further discussed from a phytochemical and pharmacological point of view. CONCLUSIONS The Amazonian biodiversity and cultural heritage host a fantastic amount of data whose systematic investigation should allow a better large-scale understanding of the dynamics of traditional therapies and the consequent discovery of therapeutic solutions for neglected diseases. Distribution indices are indeed powerful tools for emphasizing the most relevant treatments against a given disease and should be very useful in the meta-analysis of other regional pharmacopeia. This focus on renowned remedies that have not yet benefitted from extended laboratory studies, could stimulate future research on new treatments of natural origin for leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Odonne
- Laboratoire Ecologie, Evolution, Interactions des Systèmes Amazoniens (LEEISA), CNRS, Université de Guyane, IFREMER, 97300 Cayenne, France.
| | - Emeline Houël
- CNRS, UMR EcoFoG, AgroParisTech, Cirad, INRA, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane, 97300 Cayenne, France
| | | | - Didier Stien
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Biotechnologies Microbiennes (LBBM), Observatoire Océanologique, Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
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Brazilian Amazon Traditional Medicine and the Treatment of Difficult to Heal Leishmaniasis Wounds with Copaifera. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:8350320. [PMID: 28194218 PMCID: PMC5282428 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8350320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The present study describes the use of the traditional species Copaifera for treating wounds, such as ulcers scarring and antileishmanial wounds. It also relates phytochemical studies, evaluation of the leishmanicidal activity, and toxicity. The species of Copaifera with a higher incidence in the Amazon region are Copaifera officinalis, Copaifera reticulata, Copaifera multijuga Hayne. The copaiba oil is used in the Amazon's traditional medicine, especially as anti-inflammatory ingredient, in ulcers healing, and in scarring and for leishmaniasis. Chemical studies have shown that these oils contain diterpenes and sesquiterpenes. The copaiba oil and terpenes isolated have antiparasitic activity, more promising in the amastigote form of L. amazonensis. This activity is probably related to changes in the cell membrane and mitochondria. The oil showed low cytotoxicity and genotoxicity. Furthermore, it may interfere with immune response to infection and also has a healing effect. In summary, the copaiba oil is promising as leishmanicidal agent.
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Silveira D, de Melo AF, Magalhães P, Fonseca-Bazzo Y. Tabernaemontana Species: Promising Sources of New Useful Drugs. STUDIES IN NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63929-5.00007-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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Marinho FF, Simões AO, Barcellos T, Moura S. Brazilian Tabernaemontana genus: Indole alkaloids and phytochemical activities. Fitoterapia 2016; 114:127-137. [PMID: 27639415 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The Tabernaemontana genus belongs to the family Apocynaceae comprising about 100 species spread throughout tropical and subtropical regions around the world including Brazil, which contains around 40 species spread all over its territory. Because of the territorial space and climate diversity, these species already identified in Brazil are the largest collection of Tabernaemontana, which are representative (about 30%) of worldwide distribution. The monoterpene indole alkaloids present as major secondary components in all parts of the plants of the genus Tabernaemontana, have attracted the attention of the scientific community for new alkaloids derivatives and bioactivities. This review covers relevant references about Tabernaemontana species found in Brazil, its geographical distribution, occurrence of monoterpene alkaloids and phytochemical activities. Additional information about the South American species activities are also reported in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávio F Marinho
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural and Synthetic Products, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | - André Olmos Simões
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thiago Barcellos
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural and Synthetic Products, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | - Sidnei Moura
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural and Synthetic Products, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil.
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Sandra KSM, Anderson LDL, Naiane DDSS, Tamires DSA, Iza MMP, Georgia SB, Flavia KSM, Victor HADA, Jose ADSF, Jackson RGDSA, Xirley PN. GC-MS analysis of esterified fatty acids obtained from leaves and seeds of Triplaris gardneriana Wedd. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.5897/ajpp2016.4586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Monzote L, Jiménez J, Cuesta-Rubio O, Márquez I, Gutiérrez Y, da Rocha CQ, Marchi M, Setzer WN, Vilegas W. In Vitro
Assessment of Plants Growing in Cuba Belonging to Solanaceae Family Against Leishmania amazonensis. Phytother Res 2016; 30:1785-1793. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lianet Monzote
- Departmento de Parasitología; Instituto de Medicina Tropical ‘Pedro Kouri’; Habana Cuba
| | - Jenny Jiménez
- Laboratorio de Producciones Biofarmacéuticas (LABIOFAM); Matanzas Cuba
| | - Osmany Cuesta-Rubio
- Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químicas y de la Salud; Universidad Técnica de Machala; Machala Ecuador
| | - Ingrid Márquez
- Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químicas y de la Salud; Universidad Técnica de Machala; Machala Ecuador
| | - Yamile Gutiérrez
- Departmento de Química, Instituto de Farmacia y Alimentos (IFAL); Universidad de la Habana; Habana Cuba
| | - Cláudia Quintino da Rocha
- Laboratorio de Biodiversidad; Universidad Estatal Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Mary Marchi
- Departmento de Química, Instituto de Química; Universidad Estatal Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; São Paulo Brazil
| | - William N. Setzer
- Department of Chemistry; University of Alabama in Huntsville; Huntsville AL USA
| | - Wagner Vilegas
- Laboratorio de Biodiversidad; Universidad Estatal Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; São Paulo Brazil
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Almeida-Souza F, de Souza CDSF, Taniwaki NN, Silva JJM, de Oliveira RM, Abreu-Silva AL, Calabrese KDS. Morinda citrifolia Linn. fruit (Noni) juice induces an increase in NO production and death of Leishmania amazonensis amastigotes in peritoneal macrophages from BALB/c. Nitric Oxide 2016; 58:51-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Mans DRA, Beerens T, Magali I, Soekhoe RC, Schoone GJ, Oedairadjsingh K, Hasrat JA, van den Bogaart E, Schallig HDFH. In vitro evaluation of traditionally used Surinamese medicinal plants for their potential anti-leishmanial efficacy. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 180:70-77. [PMID: 26778603 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Plant-based preparations are extensively used in Surinamese folk medicine for treating leishmaniasis, but often without a scientific rationale. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate 25 Surinamese medicinal plants for their potential efficacy against leishmaniasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Concentrated plant extracts were evaluated for their effect on the viability of L. (V.) guyanensis AMC, L. (L.) major NADIM5, and L. (L.) donovani GEDII promastigotes, as well as intracellular amastigotes of L. (L.) donovani BHU814 in infected THP-1 cells. Selectivity was assessed by cytotoxicity against THP-1 cells. RESULTS The only plant extract that showed potentially meaningful anti-leishmanial activity was that from Solanum lycocarpum that displayed mean IC50 values of about 51, 61, and <16 µg/mL against L. (V) guyanensis, L. (L) major, and L. (L) donovani promastigotes, respectively; about 374 µg/mL against L. (L) donovani amastigotes; and >500 µg/mL against THP-1 cells. The Bryophyllum pinnatum, Inga alba, and Quassia amara extracts displayed moderate to high IC50 values against promastigotes (about 51 to >500 µg/mL) and/or amastigotes (about 224 to >500 µg/mL) but were relatively toxic to THP-1 cells (IC50 values <16 to about 42 µg/mL). The remaining plant extracts exhibited in many cases IC50 values close to, around, or above 500µg/mL against promastigotes, amastigotes, and THP-1 cells. CONCLUSIONS The S. lycocarpum preparation may be useful against leishmaniasis and may have a good safety index, warranting further investigations into its active constituents and mechanism(s) of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R A Mans
- Department of Pharmacology, Anton de Kom University of Suriname, Paramaribo, Suriname.
| | - T Beerens
- Koninklijk Instituut voor de Tropen (KIT)/Royal Tropical Institute, KIT Biomedical Research, Parasitology Unit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - I Magali
- Department of Pharmacology, Anton de Kom University of Suriname, Paramaribo, Suriname
| | - R C Soekhoe
- Department of Pharmacology, Anton de Kom University of Suriname, Paramaribo, Suriname
| | - G J Schoone
- Koninklijk Instituut voor de Tropen (KIT)/Royal Tropical Institute, KIT Biomedical Research, Parasitology Unit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - K Oedairadjsingh
- Department of Pharmacology, Anton de Kom University of Suriname, Paramaribo, Suriname
| | - J A Hasrat
- Department of Pharmacology, Anton de Kom University of Suriname, Paramaribo, Suriname
| | - E van den Bogaart
- Koninklijk Instituut voor de Tropen (KIT)/Royal Tropical Institute, KIT Biomedical Research, Parasitology Unit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - H D F H Schallig
- Koninklijk Instituut voor de Tropen (KIT)/Royal Tropical Institute, KIT Biomedical Research, Parasitology Unit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Evaluation of Antileishmanial Activity of Albaha Medicinal Plants against Leishmania amazonensis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:938747. [PMID: 26357662 PMCID: PMC4556861 DOI: 10.1155/2015/938747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Sixteen methanolic extracts obtained from thirteen plant species, selected either from ethnobotanical or chemotaxonomical data, were screened for their antileishmanial activity against Leishmania amazonensis. The cytotoxic activity against normal peritoneal macrophages from normal BALB/c mice was also determined. Eight extracts had IC50 values ranging from <12.5 to 37.8 µg/mL against promastigotes. Achillea biebersteinii flower, Euphorbia helioscopia, and Solanum incanum leaf extracts showed antileishmanial activities with IC50 between <12.5-26.9 µg/mL and acceptable selectivity indices of 8-5. The other leishmanicidal plant extracts, with IC50 ranging from 18.0 to 29.5 µg/mL, exhibited low selectivity indices.
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Houël E, Gonzalez G, Bessière JM, Odonne G, Eparvier V, Deharo E, Stien D. Therapeutic switching: from antidermatophytic essential oils to new leishmanicidal products. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2015; 110:106-13. [PMID: 25742270 PMCID: PMC4371224 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760140332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined whether the antidermatophytic activity of essential oils (EOs)
can be used as an indicator for the discovery of active natural products against
Leishmania amazonensis. The aerial parts of seven plants were hydrodistilled. Using
broth microdilution techniques, the obtained EOs were tested against three strains of
dermatophytes (Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Microsporum gypseum and Microsporum
canis). To compare the EOs antifungal and antiparasitic effects, the EOs activities
against axenic amastigotes of L. amazonensis were concurrently evaluated. For the
most promising EOs, their antileishmanial activities against parasites infecting
peritoneal macrophages of BALB/c mice were measured. The most interesting antifungal
candidates were the EOs from Cymbopogon citratus, Otacanthus azureus and Protium
heptaphyllum, whereas O. azureus, Piper hispidum and P. heptaphyllum EOs exhibited
the lowest 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) values against axenic
amastigotes, thus revealing a certain correspondence between both activities. The P.
hispidum EO was identified as the most promising product in the results from the
infected macrophages model (IC50: 4.7 µg/mL, safety index: 8). The most
abundant compounds found in this EO were sesquiterpenes, notably curzerene and
furanodiene. Eventually, the evaluation of the antidermatophytic activity of EOs
appears to be an efficient method for identifying new potential drugs for the
treatment of L. amazonensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emeline Houël
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - German Gonzalez
- Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Université de Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Guillaume Odonne
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Véronique Eparvier
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Eric Deharo
- Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Université de Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Didier Stien
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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F. Moreira V, Vieira IJC, Braz-Filho R. Chemistry and Biological Activity of Condamineeae Tribe: A Chemotaxonomic Contribution of Rubiaceae Family. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.4236/ajps.2015.616264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Pitaluga AN, Moreira MEC, Traub-Csekö YM. A putative role for inosine 5' monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) in Leishmania amazonensis programmed cell death. Exp Parasitol 2014; 149:32-8. [PMID: 25499513 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2014.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Leishmania amazonensis undergoes apoptosis-like programmed cell death (PCD) under heat shock conditions. We identified a potential role for inosine 5' monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) in L. amazonensis PCD. Trypanosomatids do not have a "de novo" purine synthesis pathway, relying on the salvage pathway for survival. IMPDH, a key enzyme in the purine nucleotide pathway, is related to cell growth and apoptosis. Since guanine nucleotide depletion triggers cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in several organisms we analyzed the correlation between IMPDH and apoptosis-like death in L. amazonensis. The L. amazonensis IMPDH inhibition effect on PCD was evaluated through gene expression analysis, mitochondrial depolarization and detection of Annexin-V labeled parasites. We demonstrated a down-regulation of impdh expression under heat shock treatment, which mimics the natural mammalian host infection. Also, IMPDH inhibitors ribavirin and mycophenolic acid (MPA) prevented cell growth and generated an apoptosis-like phenotype in sub-populations of L. amazonensis promastigotes. Our results are in accordance with previous results showing that a subpopulation of parasites undergoes apoptosis-like cell death in the nutrient poor environment of the vector gut. Here, we suggest the involvement of purine metabolism in previously observed apoptosis-like cell death during Leishmania infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- A N Pitaluga
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Parasitas e Vetores, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - M E C Moreira
- Divisão de Medicina Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Y M Traub-Csekö
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Parasitas e Vetores, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Cabanillas BJ, Le Lamer AC, Olagnier D, Castillo D, Arevalo J, Valadeau C, Coste A, Pipy B, Bourdy G, Sauvain M, Fabre N. Leishmanicidal compounds and potent PPARγ activators from Renealmia thyrsoidea (Ruiz & Pav.) Poepp. & Endl. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 157:149-155. [PMID: 25251262 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Revised: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/06/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Leaves and rhizomes of Renealmia thyrsoidea (Ruiz & Pav.) Poepp. & Endl. traditionally used in the Yanesha pharmacopoeia to treat skin infections such as leishmaniasis ulcers, or to reduce fever were chemically investigated to identify leishmanicidal compounds, as well as PPARγ activators. METHODS Compounds were isolated through a bioassay-guided fractionation and their structures were determined via detailed spectral analysis. The viability of Leishmania amazonensis axenic amastigotes was assessed by the reduction of tetrazolium salt (MTT), the cytotoxicity on macrophage was evaluated using trypan blue dye exclusion method, while the percentage of infected macrophages was determined microscopically in the intracellular macrophage-infected assay. The CD36, mannose receptor (MR) and dectin-1 mRNA expression on human monocytes-derived macrophages was evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR. RESULTS Six sesquiterpenes (1-6), one dihydrobenzofuranone (7) and four flavonoids (8-11) were isolated from the leaves. Alongside, two flavonoids (12-13) and five diarylheptanoids (14-18) were identified in the rhizomes. Leishmanicidal activity against Leishmania amazonensis axenic amastigotes was evaluated for all compounds. Compounds 6, 7, and 11, isolated from the leaves, showed to be the most active derivatives. Diarylheptanoids 14-18 were also screened for their ability to activate PPARγ nuclear receptor in macrophages. Compounds 17 and 18 bearing a Michael acceptor moiety strongly increased the expression of PPARγ target genes such as CD36, Dectin-1 and mannose receptor (MR), thus revealing interesting immunomodulatory properties. CONCLUSIONS Phytochemical investigation of Renealmia thyrsoidea has led to the isolation of leishmanicidal compounds from the leaves and potent PPARγ activators from the rhizomes. These results are in agreement with the traditional uses of the different parts of Renealmia thyrsoidea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Billy Joel Cabanillas
- Université de Toulouse III, UPS, PHARMA-DEV, UMR 152, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France; IRD, UMR 152, F-31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France; IRD, UMR 152, Mission IRD Casilla 18-1209, Lima, Peru
| | - Anne-Cécile Le Lamer
- Université de Toulouse III, UPS, PHARMA-DEV, UMR 152, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France; IRD, UMR 152, F-31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France.
| | - David Olagnier
- Université de Toulouse III, UPS, PHARMA-DEV, UMR 152, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France; IRD, UMR 152, F-31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - Denis Castillo
- Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Avenida Honorio Delgado 430, San Martin de Porres, Lima, Peru
| | - Jorge Arevalo
- Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Avenida Honorio Delgado 430, San Martin de Porres, Lima, Peru
| | - Céline Valadeau
- Université de Toulouse III, UPS, PHARMA-DEV, UMR 152, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France; IRD, UMR 152, F-31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France; IRD, UMR 152, Mission IRD Casilla 18-1209, Lima, Peru
| | - Agnès Coste
- Université de Toulouse III, UPS, PHARMA-DEV, UMR 152, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France; IRD, UMR 152, F-31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - Bernard Pipy
- Université de Toulouse III, UPS, PHARMA-DEV, UMR 152, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France; IRD, UMR 152, F-31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - Geneviève Bourdy
- Université de Toulouse III, UPS, PHARMA-DEV, UMR 152, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France; IRD, UMR 152, F-31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France; IRD, UMR 152, Mission IRD Casilla 18-1209, Lima, Peru
| | - Michel Sauvain
- Université de Toulouse III, UPS, PHARMA-DEV, UMR 152, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France; IRD, UMR 152, F-31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France; IRD, UMR 152, Mission IRD Casilla 18-1209, Lima, Peru
| | - Nicolas Fabre
- Université de Toulouse III, UPS, PHARMA-DEV, UMR 152, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France; IRD, UMR 152, F-31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France
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Antileishmanial activity and cytotoxicity of Brazilian plants. Exp Parasitol 2014; 143:60-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2014.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Revised: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Evaluation of the in vitro antiplasmodial, antileishmanial, and antitrypanosomal activity of medicinal plants used in saudi and yemeni traditional medicine. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 2014:905639. [PMID: 24963330 PMCID: PMC4055400 DOI: 10.1155/2014/905639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The antiplasmodial, antileishmanial, and antitrypanosomal activity of twenty-five medicinal plants distributed in Saudi Arabia and Yemen was evaluated. The plants were extracted with methanol and screened in vitro against erythrocytic schizonts of Plasmodium falciparum, intracellular amastigotes of Leishmania infantum and Trypanosoma cruzi, and free trypomastigotes of T. brucei. To assess selectivity, cytotoxicity was determined on MRC-5 cells. Criteria for activity were an IC50 < 10 μg/mL and high selectivity (SI). Seven plants showed interesting antiprotozoal activity in one or more models. Extracts of Caralluma penicillata and Acalypha ciliata showed fairly good activity against P. falciparum with IC50 of 6.7 and 10.8 μg/mL and adequate selectivity (SI > 9.6 and >5.9). Interesting activity against L. infantum was obtained with Verbascum bottae (IC50 of 3.2 μg/mL, SI 10.2) and Solanum glabratum (IC50 8.1 μg/mL, SI 3.4). The extracts of C. penicillata, Leucas virgata, Loranthus regularis, and V. bottae exhibited moderate activity against T. brucei (IC50 8.5, 8.1, 8.3, and 2.3 μg/mL; SI > 7.6, 7.7, 4.3, and >14.1). These results partly support the traditional use of some of the selected medicinal plants and warrant further investigations into the putative active constituents.
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Leal SM, Pino N, Stashenko EE, Martínez JR, Escobar P. Antiprotozoal activity of essential oils derived fromPiperspp. grown in Colombia. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2013.820669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Lezama-Dávila CM, Pan L, Isaac-Márquez AP, Terrazas C, Oghumu S, Isaac-Márquez R, Pech-Dzib MY, Barbi J, Calomeni E, Parinandi N, Kinghorn AD, Satoskar AR. Pentalinon andrieuxii root extract is effective in the topical treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania mexicana. Phytother Res 2013; 28:909-16. [PMID: 24347110 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2013] [Revised: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) manifests as localized skin lesions, which lead to significant tissue destruction and disfigurement. In the Yucatan Peninsula, Mayan traditional healers use Pentalinon andrieuxii Muell.-Arg. (Apocynaceae) roots for the topical treatment of CL. Here, we studied the effect of P. andrieuxii root hexane extract (PARE) on the parasites and host cells in vitro and examined its efficacy in the topical treatment of CL caused by Leishmania mexicana. PARE exhibited potent antiparasitic activity in vitro against promastigotes as well as amastigotes residing in macrophages. Electron microscopy of PARE-treated parasites revealed direct membrane damage. PARE also activated nuclear factor kappaB and enhanced interferon-γ receptor and MHC class II expression and TNF-α production in macrophages. In addition, PARE induced production of the Th1 promoting cytokine IL-12 in dendritic cells as well as enhanced expression of the co-stimulatory molecules CD40, CD80, and CD86. In vivo studies showed that L. mexicana-infected mice treated by topical application of PARE resulted in the significant reduction in lesion size and parasite burden compared to controls. These findings indicate that PARE could be used as an alternative therapy for the topical treatment of CL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio M Lezama-Dávila
- Department of Pathology, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
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Sobarzo-Sánchez E, Bilbao-Ramos P, Dea-Ayuela M, González-Díaz H, Yañez M, Uriarte E, Santana L, Martínez-Sernández V, Bolás-Fernández F, Ubeira FM. Synthetic oxoisoaporphine alkaloids: in vitro, in vivo and in silico assessment of antileishmanial activities. PLoS One 2013; 8:e77560. [PMID: 24204870 PMCID: PMC3812281 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a growing health problem worldwide. As there are certain drawbacks with the drugs currently used to treat human leishmaniasis and resistance to these drugs is emerging, there is a need to develop novel antileishmanial compounds, among which isoquinoline alkaloids are promising candidates. In this study, 18 novel oxoisoaporphine derivatives were synthesized and their possible antileishmanial activity was evaluated. The in vitro activity of these derivatives against Leishmania amazonensis axenic amastigotes was first evaluated, and the selected compounds were then tested in an inhibition assay with promastigotes of L. infantum, L. braziliensis, L. amazonensis and L. guyanensis, and with intracellular amastigotes of L. infantum and L. amazonensis. Finally, the most active compounds, OXO 1 (2,3-dihydro-7H-dibenzo[de,h]quinolin-7-one) and OXO 13 (2,3,8,9,10,11-hexahydro-7H-dibenzo[de,h]quinolin-7-one), were tested in BALB/c mice infected with L. infantum. Treatment of mice at a dose of 10 mg/kg with OXO 1 yielded significant reductions (p<0.05) in parasite burden in liver and spleen (99% and 78%, respectively) whereas with OXO 13 were not significant. Although previous reports suggest that this family of molecules displays inhibitory activity against monoamine oxidase A and acetylcholinesterase, these enzymes were not confirmed as targets for antileishmanial activity on the basis of the present results. However, after development of a new bioinformatics model to analyze the Leishmania proteome, we were able to identify other putative targets for these molecules. The most promising candidates were four proteins: two putative pteridine reductase 2 (1MXF and 1MXH), one N-myristoyltransferase (2WUU) and one type I topoisomerase (2B9S).
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Sobarzo-Sánchez
- Departamento de Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo Bilbao-Ramos
- Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Dea-Ayuela
- Departamento de Farmacia, Universidad Cardenal Herrera, Valencia, Spain
| | - Humberto González-Díaz
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Matilde Yañez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Eugenio Uriarte
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Lourdes Santana
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Victoria Martínez-Sernández
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Francisco Bolás-Fernández
- Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Florencio M. Ubeira
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- * E-mail:
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In vitro schistosomicidal effects of aqueous and dichloromethane fractions from leaves and stems of Piper species and the isolation of an active amide from P. amalago L. (Piperaceae). J Helminthol 2013; 88:321-6. [DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x13000205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AbstractDichloromethane and aqueous fractions from leaves and stems of Piper arboreum Aubl., P. aduncum L., P. amalago L., P. crassinervium H.B. & K., P. diospyrifolium Kunth, P. hispidum Sw. and P. xylosteoides (Kunth) Steud. were tested against adult worms of Schistosoma mansoni. The in vitro activity was evaluated in terms of mortality, number of separated worms and number of worms with reduced motor activity. Most dichloromethane fractions from all Piper species showed moderate schistosomicidal activity, but aqueous fractions were not active. The dichloromethane fraction of P. amalago leaves (at 100 μg/ml) showed the highest activity, resulting in worm mortality, the separation of worm pairs and reduced motor activity. Chromatographic fractionation of the dichloromethane fraction of P. amalago leaves led to the isolation of its major compound, which was also tested against adults of S. mansoni. The isolated piperamide N-[7-(3′,4′-methylenedioxyphenyl)-2(Z),4(Z)-heptadienoyl] pyrrolidine, at 100 μm, resulted in the mortality of all adult worms after 24 h of incubation. The findings suggest that species of Piper are potential sources of schistosomicidal compounds.
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Antibacterial, antifungal and antileishmanial activities of indolone-N-oxide derivatives. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2012; 65:499-504. [PMID: 22828966 DOI: 10.1038/ja.2012.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
An alarming increase in microbial resistance to traditional drugs and classical pharmacophores has spurred the search for new antimicrobial compounds. Indolone-N-oxides (INODs) possess a redox pharmacophore with promising, recently established, antimalarial activities. In this study, the anti-infectious properties of a series of INODs were investigated. The antibacterial activity was evaluated against five bacterial strains Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus hirae), Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli) and acid-fast (Mycobacterium tuberculosis). The antifungal activity was assessed using two fungal strains (Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans). The antileishmanial activity was tested against two leishmanial strains, axenically-cultured amastigote (Leishmania infantum, Leishmania amazonensis). The pharmacological activities are discussed as a function of structural and lipophilic characteristics. The Gram-positive bacterial strain E. hirae was found to be the most sensitive strain, whereas the Gram-negative E. coli was resistant to this family of compounds. One compound (64) was more potent than nalidixic acid against E. hirae, whereas another one (52) was equipotent as clotrimazole against C. albicans. INODs were microbe -cidal rather than -static. INODs showed good antitubercular activity in the low micromolar range (similar to ciprofloxacin). In addition, INOD-antiprotozoal potencies were confirmed against the leishmania parasite. INODs showed a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity and offer a promising anti-infectious prototype worthy of being developed.
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Lipid oxidation inhibitory effects and phenolic composition of aqueous extracts from medicinal plants of Colombian Amazonia. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:5454-5467. [PMID: 22754307 PMCID: PMC3382806 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13055454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2012] [Revised: 04/23/2012] [Accepted: 05/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diverse plants of ethnobotanic interest in Amazonia are commonly used in traditional medicine. We determined the antioxidant potential against lipid peroxidation, the antimicrobial activity, and the polyphenol composition of several Amazonian plants (Brownea rosademonte, Piper glandulosissimum, Piper krukoffii, Piper putumayoense, Solanum grandiflorum, and Vismia baccifera). Extracts from the plant leaf, bark, and stem were prepared as aqueous infusions, as used in folk medicine, and added to rat liver microsomes exposed to iron. The polyphenolic composition was detected by reverse-phase HPLC coupled to diode-array detector and MS/MS analysis. The antimicrobial activity was tested by the spot-on-a-lawn method against several indicator microorganisms. All the extracts inhibited lipid oxidation, except the P. glandulosissimum stem. The plant extracts exhibiting high antioxidant potential (V. baccifera and B. rosademonte) contained high levels of flavanols (particularly, catechin and epicatechin). By contrast, S. grandiflorum leaf, which exhibited very low antioxidant activity, was rich in hydroxycinnamic acids. None of the extracts showed antimicrobial activity. This study demonstrates for the first time the presence of bioactive polyphenolic compounds in several Amazonian plants, and highlights the importance of flavanols as major phenolic contributors to antioxidant activity.
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García M, Monzote L, Scull R, Herrera P. Activity of Cuban Plants Extracts against Leishmania amazonensis. ISRN PHARMACOLOGY 2012; 2012:104540. [PMID: 22530133 PMCID: PMC3316957 DOI: 10.5402/2012/104540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2011] [Accepted: 01/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Natural products have long been providing important drug leads for infectious diseases. Leishmaniasis is a major health problem worldwide that affects millions of people especially in the developing nations. There is no immunoprophylaxis (vaccination) available for Leishmania infections, and conventional treatments are unsatisfactory; therefore, antileishmanial drugs are urgently needed. In this work, 48 alcoholic extracts from 46 Cuban plants were evaluated by an in vitro bioassay against Leishmania amazonensis. Furthermore, their toxicity was assayed against murine macrophage. The three most potent extracts against the amastigote stage of Leishmania amazonensis were from Hura crepitans, Bambusa vulgaris, and Simarouba glauca.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marley García
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Medicine "Pedro Kourí," Apdo Postal No. 601, Havana 10400, Cuba
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Hajdu Z, Hohmann J. An ethnopharmacological survey of the traditional medicine utilized in the community of Porvenir, Bajo Paraguá Indian Reservation, Bolivia. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 139:838-857. [PMID: 22222280 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2011] [Revised: 12/15/2011] [Accepted: 12/20/2011] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Porvenir is a semi-isolated Indian community in the Bajo Paraguá Indian Reservation in Bolivian Amazon, one of the two communities of people from the Guarasug'we indigenous nation now close to extinction. The aim of our study was the collection of data on the traditional medicine utilized in the community, and to identify new subjects for further investigation by comparison of the folk-medicinal use with the available scientific literature data. MATERIALS AND METHODS Field work was conducted for 5 months, which included participant observation, semi-structured interviews with 16 individuals, and the collection of voucher specimens for botanical identification. The knowledge of the inhabitants relating to medicinal plants was analysed by means of the modified method of Gentry and Phillips (1993a,b), which assesses the frequency and the variety of use of plants. Scientific data were gathered on selected species, and the correlations of the traditional uses of the herbs with scientific evidence were assessed. RESULTS The lifestyle and beliefs in Porvenir, botanical data on the plants used, the frequency and variety of medicinal use, diseases that occur and their possible treatment, and methods of plant application are discussed in detail. 145 plant species were registered with 451 recorded uses. The majority of the plants were utilized to treat gastrointestinal complaints (60 species), followed by diseases of the central nervous system, pain and fever (37 species), diseases of the genitourinary tract (35 species), dermatological disorders (34 species) and diseases of the respiratory system (32 species). One fifth of the species are also applied in traditional medicine in other areas of Bolivia or in other countries. The majority of the 145 species used in the community have not been extensively investigated from phytochemical and pharmacological aspects. There are no data in the scientific literature on one fifth of the species. CONCLUSIONS The medicine applied in Porvenir and the contemporary knowledge of the people interviewed concerning plants reflect the local traditions and their changes very well, clearly demonstrating the influence exerted by conventional medicine, and how the ancestral knowledge is progressively being forgotten. The present ethnopharmacological survey indicates that 24 species that are frequently and consistently used in the community of Porvenir are perspective for further research, as their chemistry and pharmacology have not been published to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsanett Hajdu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.
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Chemical and biological analyses of the essential oils and main constituents of Piper species. Molecules 2012; 17:1819-29. [PMID: 22330429 PMCID: PMC6268953 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17021819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2011] [Revised: 01/26/2012] [Accepted: 02/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The essential oils obtained from leaves of Piper duckei and Piper demeraranum by hydrodistillation were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The main constituents found in P. demeraranum oil were limonene (19.3%) and β-elemene (33.1%) and in P. duckei oil the major components found were germacrene D (14.7%) and trans-caryophyllene (27.1%). P. demeraranum and P. duckei oils exhibited biological activity, with IC50 values between 15 to 76 μg mL−1 against two Leishmania species, P. duckei oil being the most active. The cytotoxicity of the essential oils on mice peritoneal macrophage cells was insignificant, compared with the toxicity of pentamidine. The main mono- and sesquiterpene, limonene (IC50 = 278 μM) and caryophyllene (IC50 = 96 μM), were tested against the strains of Leishmania amazonensis, and the IC50 values of these compounds were lower than those found for the essential oils of the Piper species. The HET-CAM test was used to evaluate the irritation potential of these oils as topical products, showing that these oils can be used as auxiliary medication in cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis, with less side effects and lower costs.
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Ogungbe IV, Singh M, Setzer WN. Antileishmanial Natural Products from Plants. BIOACTIVE NATURAL PRODUCTS 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-53836-9.00027-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Odonne G, Berger F, Stien D, Grenand P, Bourdy G. Treatment of leishmaniasis in the Oyapock basin (French Guiana): A K.A.P. survey and analysis of the evolution of phytotherapy knowledge amongst Wayãpi Indians. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 137:1228-39. [PMID: 21816216 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2011] [Revised: 07/18/2011] [Accepted: 07/19/2011] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a neglected disease with a high incidence in French Guiana, mainly in the middle and upper Oyapock basin, where Amerindian and some Brazilian people live. The main goals of this work were (i) to assess the knowledge about leishmaniasis in the different populations of the middle and upper Oyapock basin, (ii) to study the therapeutic strategies adopted by people affected by leishmaniasis and (iii) to document the use of phytotherapeutic remedies for leishmaniasis. Knowledge, attitudes and practices (K.A.P.) related to this disease and its treatments have been studied according to cultural group and geographical settlement. Within the Wayãpi group, the evolution of the knowledge of phytoremedies over the last 20 years has been characterised by literature-based comparisons. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 144 questionnaires were administered in all the villages of the upper Oyapock and Camopi basins. Correspondence analyses were used for multivariate analysis. Plant species were identified at the Cayenne Herbarium (CAY). RESULTS The biomedical concept of leishmaniasis correlates well with the Teko and Wayãpi concepts of kalasapa and kalasapau. Although the vector of this disease was not correctly identified, the most commonly cited aetiology (74.5%) was vector-borne, and related epidemiological schemes correlate well with the one encountered in French Guiana. Theoretically and practically, health centres were the most commonly used resource for diagnostic in instances of leishmaniasis infection (65.9%), independently of the patient's cultural group, along with the use of pharmaceutical drugs (85.3%). Pharmaceuticals were commonly utilised despite the frequent (51.5%) use of phytotherapeutic remedies, alone or in combination with drugs. The most cited medicinal plant species for the treatment of leishmaniasis included Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb. (Iridaceae, cited 14 times), Euterpe oleracea Mart. (Arecaceae, 9), Cecropia obtusa Trecul (Cecropiaceae, 8), Jatropha curcas L. (Euphorbiaceae, 7), Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn. (Bombacaceae, 6) and Carica papaya L. (Caricaceae, 6). Multiple correspondence analyses demonstrated that the species used in leishmaniasis remedies are more prone to vary by the user's place of residence than by their cultural origin, which indicates that exchange of knowledge about leishmaniasis remedies has occurred across different cultural groups. Literature-based comparisons between the remedies for leishmaniasis used by the Wayãpi during the 1980s showed a striking evolution, both in terms of diversity of species and number of plants used. The large number of species shared with other Guianese groups argues for intercultural exchange and may explain the majority (57.1%) of the newly used species highlighted in our study. CONCLUSIONS Leishmaniasis is a well-known disease in the studied area. Phytotherapeutic treatments are still in use, although they are not the main source of remedies, and should undergo pharmacological studies to evaluate their potential therapeutic value.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Antiprotozoal Agents/pharmacology
- Antiprotozoal Agents/therapeutic use
- Cultural Characteristics
- Ethnopharmacology
- Female
- French Guiana
- Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice/ethnology
- Humans
- Indians, South American
- Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/diagnosis
- Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/drug therapy
- Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/ethnology
- Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/transmission
- Male
- Medicine, Traditional
- Middle Aged
- Multivariate Analysis
- Phytotherapy
- Plant Preparations/pharmacology
- Plant Preparations/therapeutic use
- Plants, Medicinal
- Surveys and Questionnaires
- Young Adult
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Odonne
- CNRS-UMR Ecofog, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, 97337 Cayenne Cedex, France.
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González-Coloma A, Reina M, Sáenz C, Lacret R, Ruiz-Mesia L, Arán VJ, Sanz J, Martínez-Díaz RA. Antileishmanial, antitrypanosomal, and cytotoxic screening of ethnopharmacologically selected Peruvian plants. Parasitol Res 2011; 110:1381-92. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-011-2638-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2011] [Accepted: 09/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Sanz-Biset J, Cañigueral S. Plant use in the medicinal practices known as "strict diets" in Chazuta valley (Peruvian Amazon). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 137:271-288. [PMID: 21627986 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2011] [Revised: 04/04/2011] [Accepted: 05/14/2011] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY Strict diets are traditional medicinal practices where plant remedies are consumed with nearly fasting and with some sort of social seclusion. The aim of this work was to describe these practices of Chazuta and the use of plants within, as well as to analyse the possible functions of the last. MATERIAL AND METHODS The information was obtained through interviews to the 6.3% of the district rural adult population (140 individuals, 75% of which was considered Quechua). RESULTS In total, 122 strict diets were recorded and 106 different plant species were reported to be used. Strict diets present a characteristic structure and plant use. The main effects reported in strict diets were antinflammatory, antiinfective, brain function alteration and depuration. CONCLUSIONS Strict diets are well structured traditional medicinal practices, also with a symbolic significance in the life cycle of chazutian men. Plants used in strict diets can contribute to the main effects through antinflammation, antiinfective actions, psychoactivity and depurative related activities. The correlation between literature evidence of activity of most used plants and effects reported for the correspondent diet (i.e. in which the plant was used) are 36% for antinflammatory activity, 29% for antimicrobial activity, 18% for psychoactivity and 5% for depurative related activities. The percentages go to 77%, 64%, 73% and 32%, respectively, when literature evidences on related taxa are also considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaume Sanz-Biset
- Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 643, E-08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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Odonne G, Herbette G, Eparvier V, Bourdy G, Rojas R, Sauvain M, Stien D. Antileishmanial sesquiterpene lactones from Pseudelephantopus spicatus, a traditional remedy from the Chayahuita Amerindians (Peru). Part III. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 137:875-9. [PMID: 21771652 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2011] [Revised: 06/22/2011] [Accepted: 07/03/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The study of traditional remedies used by the Chayahuita, an ethnic group from the Peruvian Amazonia, has prompted us to investigate in detail the ethanolic extract of Pseudelephantopus spicatus (Juss. ex Aubl.) C.F. Baker, which has demonstrated strong biological activity towards Leishmania amazonensis. Our goal was to discover the active compound of this plant-based remedy. MATERIALS AND METHODS A bioguided fractionation of the crude extract was undertaken based on the biological activity recorded against Leishmania amazonensis axenic amastigotes in in vitro bioassays. RESULTS Three strongly to moderately active compounds were isolated: two hirsutinolides (the 8,13-diacetyl-piptocarphol and the 8-acetyl-13-O-ethyl-piptocarphol) and ursolic acid. IC(50) against Leishmania amazonensis axenic amastigotes are respectively 0.2, 0.37 and 0.99 μM (while IC(50) of amphotericin B is 0.41 μM). These compounds have never been isolated from this plant species, and germacranolides have never been identified as potential antileishmanial agents. CONCLUSIONS The compounds isolated from Pseudelephantopus spicatus account for the antileishmanial activity of the plant, thus giving support to its use by the Chayahuita in Peru.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Odonne
- CNRS - UMR Ecofog, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, BP792, 97337 Cayenne cedex, France.
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Tiuman TS, Santos AO, Ueda-Nakamura T, Filho BPD, Nakamura CV. Recent advances in leishmaniasis treatment. Int J Infect Dis 2011; 15:e525-32. [PMID: 21605997 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2011.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2010] [Revised: 03/15/2011] [Accepted: 03/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
About 1.5 million new cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis and 500,000 new cases of visceral leishmaniasis occur each year around the world. For over half a century, the clinical forms of the disease have been treated almost exclusively with pentavalent antimonial compounds. In this review, we describe the arsenal available for treating Leishmania infections, as well as recent advances from research on plants and synthetic compounds as source drugs for treating the disease. We also review some new drug-delivery systems for the development of novel chemotherapeutics. We observe that the pharmaceutical industry should employ its modern technologies, which could lead to better use of plants and their extracts, as well as to the development of synthetic and semi-synthetic compounds. New studies have highlighted some biopharmaceutical technologies in the design of the delivery strategy, such as nanoparticles, liposomes, cochleates, and non-specific lipid transfer proteins. These observations serve as a basis to indicate novel routes for the development and design of effective anti-Leishmania drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana S Tiuman
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790, 87020-900 Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
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49
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Cabanillas BJ, Le Lamer AC, Castillo D, Arevalo J, Rojas R, Odonne G, Bourdy G, Moukarzel B, Sauvain M, Fabre N. Caffeic acid esters and lignans from Piper sanguineispicum. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2010; 73:1884-1890. [PMID: 20954722 DOI: 10.1021/np1005357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Three new caffeic acid esters (1-3), four new lignans (4-7), and the known compounds (7'S)-parabenzlactone (8), dihydrocubebin (9), and justiflorinol (10) have been isolated from leaves of Piper sanguineispicum. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods, including 1D and 2D NMR, HRCIMS, CD experiments, and chemical methods. Compounds 1-10 were assessed for their antileishmanial potential against axenic amastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensis. Caffeic acid esters 1 and 3 exhibited the best antileishmanial activity (IC(50) 2.0 and 1.8 μM, respectively) with moderate cytotoxicity on murine macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Billy Joel Cabanillas
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, UMR 152 (Laboratoire de Pharmacochimie des Substances Naturelles et Pharmacophores Redox), F-31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France
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50
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Michel JL, Chen Y, Zhang H, Huang Y, Krunic A, Orjala J, Veliz M, Soni KK, Soejarto DD, Caceres A, Perez A, Mahady GB. Estrogenic and serotonergic butenolides from the leaves of Piper hispidum Swingle (Piperaceae). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2010; 129:220-6. [PMID: 20304039 PMCID: PMC3705926 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2009] [Revised: 02/08/2010] [Accepted: 03/10/2010] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Our previous work has demonstrated that several plants in the Piperaceae family are commonly used by the Q'eqchi Maya of Livingston, Guatemala to treat amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, and pain. Extracts of Piper hispidum Swingle (Piperaceae), bound to the estrogen (ER) and serotonin (5-HT7) receptors. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the estrogenic and serotonergic activities of Piper hispidum extracts in functionalized assays, identify the active chemical constituents in the leaf extract, and test these compounds as agonists or antagonists of ER and 5-HT7. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effects of the Piper hispidum leaf extracts were investigated in estrogen reporter gene and endogenous gene assays in MCF-7 cells to determine if the extracts acted as an estrogen agonist or antagonist. In addition, the active compounds were isolated using ER- and 5-HT7 receptor bioassay-guided fractionation. The structures of the purified compounds were identified using high-resolution LC-MS and NMR spectroscopic methods. The ER- and 5-HT7-agonist effects of the purified chemical constituents were tested in a 2ERE-reporter gene assay in MCF-7 cells and in serotonin binding and functionalized assays. RESULTS Three butenolides including one new compound (1) were isolated from the leaves of Piper hispidum, and their structures were determined. Compound 1 bound to the serotonin receptor 5-HT(7) with IC(50) values of 16.1 and 8.3 microM, respectively, and using GTP shift assays, Compound 1 was found to be a partial agonist of the 5-HT(7) receptor. The Piper hispidum leaf extracts, as well as Compounds 2 and 3 enhanced the expression of estrogen responsive reporter and endogenous genes in MCF-7 cells, demonstrating estrogen agonist effects. CONCLUSIONS Extracts of Piper hispidum act as agonists of the ER and 5-HT(7) receptors. Compound 1, a new natural product, identified as 9,10-methylenedioxy-5,6-Z-fadyenolide, was isolated as the 5-HT(7) agonist. Compounds 2 and 3 are reported for the first time in Piper hispidum, and identified as the estrogen agonists. No inhibition of CYP450 was observed for any of these compounds in concentrations up to 1 microM. These activities are consistent with the Q'eqchi traditional use of the plant for the treatment of disorders associated with the female reproductive cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna L Michel
- Community Health Sciences Division, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Yegao Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Hongjie Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650092, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Huang
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Alecjev Krunic
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Jimmy Orjala
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Mario Veliz
- School of Biology, Faculty of Chemical Science and Pharmacy, Universidad de San Carlos, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - Kapil K. Soni
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Djaja Doel Soejarto
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Armando Caceres
- School of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de San Carlos, Guatemala
| | - Alice Perez
- Centro de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales (CIPRONA), Universidad de Costa Rica, San Jose, CR
| | - Gail B Mahady
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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