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Hu H, Liu G, Li Y. The isolation strategy and chemical analysis of oil cells from Asari Radix et Rhizoma. PLANT METHODS 2024; 20:72. [PMID: 38760854 PMCID: PMC11100110 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-024-01184-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Single-cell analysis, a rapidly evolving field, encounters significant challenges in detecting individual cells within complex plant tissues, particularly oil cells (OCs). The intricate process of single-cell isolation, coupled with the inherent chemical volatility of oil cells, necessitates a comprehensive methodology. RESULTS This study presents a method for obtaining intact OC from Asari Radix et Rhizoma (ARR), a traditional herbal medicine. The developed approach facilitates both qualitative and quantitative analysis of diverse OCs. To determine the most reliable approach, four practical methods-laser capture microdissection, micromanipulation capturing, micromanipulation piping, and cell picking-were systematically compared and evaluated, unequivocally establishing cell picking as the most effective method for OC isolation and chemical analysis. Microscopic observations showed that OCs predominantly distribute in the cortex of adventitious and fibrous roots, as well as the pith and cortex of the rhizome, with distinct morphologies-oblong in roots and circular in rhizomes. Sixty-three volatile constituents were identified in OCs, with eighteen compounds exhibiting significant differences. Safrole, methyleugenol, and asaricin emerged as the most abundant constituents in OCs. Notably, cis-4-thujanol and tetramethylpyrazine were exclusive to rhizome OCs, while isoeugenol methyl ether was specific to fibrous root OCs based on the detections. ARR roots and rhizomes displayed marked disparities in OC distribution, morphology, and constituents. CONCLUSION The study highlights the efficacy of cell picking coupled with HS-SPME-GC-MS as a flexible, reliable, and sensitive method for OC isolation and chemical analysis, providing a robust methodology for future endeavors in single-cell analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Hu
- National Engineering Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Hakka Medical Resources Branch, School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Guangxue Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yaoli Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Li C, Yang J, Chu L, Tian J, Xiao J, Huang Y, Wang Q, Guo B, Huang L, Hu Y, Luo Y. The function of Bazhen decoction in rescuing progeroid cell senescence via facilitating G-quadruplex resolving and telomere elongation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 323:117694. [PMID: 38163559 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The Bazhen decoction is one of the most extensively used Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescriptions for treatment of aging related diseases. However, due to the complexity of the components, the pharmacological mechanism of Bazhen decoction is still limited. AIM OF THE STUDY In this study, with the aim of helping the clinical precision medicine of TCM, we try out a systematic analysis for dissecting the molecular mechanism of complicated TCM prescription: Bazhen decoction. We identify the pharmacological mechanism of Bazhen decoction in telomere elongation as revealed by systematic analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS By RNA sequencing and transcriptome analysis of Bazhen decoction treated wild type cells, we reveal the transcriptome profile induced by Bazhen decoction. We utilized the cells derived from Werner syndrome (WS) mice, which is known to be dysfunctional in telomere elongation due to the deficiency of DNA helicase Wrn. By Western blot, qPCR, Immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, telomere FISH, and SA-β-Gal staining, we verify the transcriptome data and confirm the pharmacological function of Bazhen decoction and its drug containing serum in telomere elongation and reversing progeroid cell senescence. RESULTS We reveal that Bazhen decoction may systematically regulate multiple anti-aging pathways, including stem cell regulation, protein homeostasis, cardiovascular function, neuronal function, anti-inflammation, anti-DNA damage induced stress, DNA helicase activity and telomere lengthening. We find that Bazhen decoction and its drug containing serum could up-regulate multiple DNA helicases and telomere regulating proteins. The increased DNA helicases promote the resolving of G-quadruplex (G4) structures, and facilitate DNA replication and telomere elongation. These improvements also endow the cellular resistance to DNA damages induced by replication stress, and rescue the WS caused cellular senescence. CONCLUSIONS Together these data suggest that Bazhen decoction up-regulate the expression of DNA helicases, thus facilitate G4 resolving and telomere maintenance, which rescue the progeroid cellular senescence and contribute to its anti-aging properties. Our data reveal a new molecular mechanism of Bazhen decoction in anti-aging related diseases via elongating telomere, this may shed light in the application of Bazhen decoction in multiple degenerative diseases caused by telomere erosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanbiao Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Lili Chu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Jie Tian
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Jinchao Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Yong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Bing Guo
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Liming Huang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guizhou, China
| | - Ying Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.
| | - Ying Luo
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.
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Khemka S, Reddy A, Garcia RI, Jacobs M, Reddy RP, Roghani AK, Pattoor V, Basu T, Sehar U, Reddy PH. Role of diet and exercise in aging, Alzheimer's disease, and other chronic diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 91:102091. [PMID: 37832608 PMCID: PMC10842571 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, characterized by memory loss and multiple cognitive impairments. Genetic mutations cause a small proportion (1-2%) of early-onset AD, with mutations in amyloid precursor protein (APP), presenilin 1 (PS1) and presenilin 2 (PS2). Major contributing factors of late-onset AD are ApoE4 genotype, traumatic brain injury, diabetes, obesity, hypertension, cardiovascular conditions, in addition to lifestyle factors, such as unhealthy diet and lack of physical exercise. Disease progression can be delayed and/or prevented to a greater extent by adopting healthy lifestyle with balanced and antioxidant enriched diet and daily exercise. The interaction and interplay of diet, exercise, age, and pharmacological interventions holds a crucial role in the progression, pathogenesis and management of AD and its comorbidities, including diabetes, obesity, hypertension and cardiovascular conditions. Antioxidant enriched diet contributes to brain health, glucose control, weight management, and cardiovascular well-being. Regular exercise removes toxins including free radicals and enhances insulin sensitivity, and supports cardiovascular function. In the current article, we discussed, the role of diet, and exercise in aging, AD and other conditions including diabetes, obesity, hypertension, cardiovascular conditions. This article also highlights the impact of medication, socioeconomic and lifestyle factors, and pharmacological interventions. These aspects were discussed in different races and ethnic groups in Texas, and the US.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachi Khemka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - Aananya Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Lubbock High School, Lubbock, TX 79401, USA
| | - Ricardo Isaiah Garcia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - Micheal Jacobs
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
| | - Ruhananhad P Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Lubbock High School, Lubbock, TX 79401, USA
| | - Aryan Kia Roghani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Frenship High School, Lubbock, TX 79382, USA
| | - Vasanthkumar Pattoor
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Tanisha Basu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - Ujala Sehar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - P Hemachandra Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Nutritional Sciences Department, College of Human Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Public Health Department of Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department pf Speech, Language and Hearing Services, School Health Professions, Texas Tech University Healthy Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
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Xiao G, Xu A, Jiang J, Chen Z, Li Y, Li S, Chen W, Zhang J, Jia C, Zeng Z, Bi X. Metabolomics analysis delineates the therapeutic effects of Yinlan Tiaozhi capsule on triton WR-1339 -induced hyperlipidemia in mice. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1252146. [PMID: 37964876 PMCID: PMC10642944 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1252146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia is a disorder of lipid metabolism resulting from abnormal blood lipid metabolism and is one of the most frequent metabolic diseases that endanger people's health. Yinlan Tiaozhi capsule (YL) is a formulated TCM widely used to treat hyperlipidemia. The purpose of this study was to discover biomarkers utilizing untargeted metabolomics techniques, as well as to analyze the mechanisms underlying the changes in metabolic pathways linked to lipid-lowering, anti-inflammation, and regulation of angiogenesis in hyperlipidemia mice. To assess the efficacy of YL, serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) levels were measured. Biochemical examinations showed that YL significantly reduced the levels of TC, TG, LDL-c, Il6, Tnf-α, and Vegfa in hyperlipidemia mice (p < 0.01). YL also significantly increased the levels of HDL-c and Alb (p < 0.01). Twenty-seven potential serum biomarkers associated with hyperlipidemia were determined. These differential metabolites were related to the reduction of serum lipid levels in hyperlipidemia mice, probably through metabolic pathways such as linoleic acid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, and D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism. Further correlation analysis showed that the serum lipid reduction through YL was related to the metabolites (amino acid metabolites, phospholipids metabolites, and fatty acids metabolites). The present study reveals that YL has a profound effect on alleviating triton WR-1339-induced hyperlipidemia, inflammation, and angiogenesis and that the positive effects of YL were primarily associated with the correction of metabolic abnormalities and the maintenance of metabolite dynamic balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanlin Xiao
- Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aili Xu
- Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jieyi Jiang
- Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhao Chen
- Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yangxue Li
- Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sumei Li
- Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weitao Chen
- Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingnian Zhang
- Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Canchao Jia
- School of the Fifth Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhihao Zeng
- School of the Fifth Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Bi
- Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- School of the Fifth Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Gong G, Kam H, Bai Y, Zhao H, Giesy JP, Lee SMY. 6-Benzylaminopurine causes lipid dyshomeostasis via disruption of glycerophospholipid metabolism in zebrafish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 878:163194. [PMID: 37001669 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
6-Benzylaminopurine (6-BA) is ubiquitous in agricultural production and is accessible to humans through diets. The modulation of lipid metabolism by 6-BA has been previously demonstrated in plants and oleaginous microorganisms. Therefore, whether it alters lipid homeostasis in other living organisms requires further investigation. In this study, doses ≥10 mg 6-BA/L caused malformation of the yolk sac, steatosis, and other hepatopathies in zebrafish larvae. Exposure to 25 mg 6-BA/L resulted in increased levels of triglyceride and total cholesterol. Results of transcriptomic analysis indicated that 6-BA alters genes associated with fatty acid and glycerophospholipid metabolism. Among them, the expression levels of hmgcra, elovl7b, and apobb.2 were downregulated, whereas those of lpcat3, bco1l, cyp7al, fabp1b.1, elp6, pde6ha, apoa4b.2_2, sgk1, dgkaa, and mogat2 were upregulated. Correspondingly, a study of the metabolome identified lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) as the major differentially expressed metabolite in response to 6-BA treatment. Therefore, abnormal accumulation of LPCs and dyshomeostasis of glycerophospholipid metabolism were identified as potential mechanisms causing the toxicity of 6-BA, which should be assessed to understand the risks of 6-BA and the products contaminated by it. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATION: 6-Benzylaminopurine (6-BA), an important residue in "toxic bean sprouts," is ubiquitous in agricultural production and is common in typical diets. Its regulation of lipid metabolism has been demonstrated in plants and oleaginous microorganisms. Whether it alters lipid homeostasis in other organisms and the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. The worldwide use of 6-BA and the potential exposure of humans have aroused public attention owing to its hazardous effects; thus, its hazardous effects, particularly those on lipid homeostasis, deserve careful clarification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiyi Gong
- Zhanjiang Institute of Clinical Medicine, Central People's Hospital of Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang 524045, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, 999078, Macao.
| | - Hiotong Kam
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, 999078, Macao
| | - Yubin Bai
- Zhanjiang Institute of Clinical Medicine, Central People's Hospital of Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang 524045, China
| | - Hongxia Zhao
- Zhanjiang Institute of Clinical Medicine, Central People's Hospital of Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang 524045, China
| | - John P Giesy
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B3, Canada; Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B4, Canada; Department of Environmental Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, United States
| | - Simon Ming-Yuen Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, 999078, Macao; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, 999078, Macao
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He Y, Jiang H, Du K, Wang S, Li M, Ma C, Liu F, Dong Y, Fu C. Exploring the mechanism of Taohong Siwu Decoction on the treatment of blood deficiency and blood stasis syndrome by gut microbiota combined with metabolomics. Chin Med 2023; 18:44. [PMID: 37088809 PMCID: PMC10122815 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00734-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Taohong Siwu Decoction (THSWD) is a prescription which included in the "List of Ancient Classic Prescriptions (First Batch)" issued by the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and the National Medical Products Administration of the People's Republic of China. THSWD is effective and widely applied clinically for many diseases caused by blood deficiency and stasis syndrome in TCM, such as primary dysmenorrhea, menopausal syndrome, coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, and diabetes. METHODS The TCM model of blood deficiency and blood stasis syndrome was prepared by ice water bath combined with cyclophosphamide, and the rats were randomly divided into control group, blood deficiency, and blood stasis model group, positive group, and THSWD treatment group. Pharmacodynamics measured the blood routine, blood coagulation, and other related indexes in rats. UHPLC-MS technology was used to analyze the changes in the fingerprints of metabolites in the plasma of rats with blood deficiency and blood stasis syndrome, and combined with mass spectrometry information and public database retrieval, to find potential biomarkers for screening metabolites. At the same time, 16S rDNA sequencing technology was used to identify intestinal flora, and statistical analysis was used to find differences in strain diversity between groups. RESULTS THSWD administration can significantly improve the physical signs, blood routine, and hematopoietic factors caused by the blood deficiency and blood stasis syndrome model, and improve the symptoms of blood deficiency. The results of the general pharmacological studies showed THSWD groups improved changes in blood plasma viscosity and coagulation-related factors caused by modeling, and improved coagulation function significantly. The metabolomic analysis found that compared to the model group, THSWD exerted better effects on β-alanine, taurine, L-tyrosine, L-arginine, Eugenol, sodium deoxycholate, and deethylatrazine. Twenty-three potential differential metabolites showed intervention effects, mainly involved in eight metabolic pathways, including amino acid metabolism, taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, vitamin metabolism, and nucleotide metabolism. Gut microbiota data showed that, compared to the control group, the relative abundance and value of Firmicutes and Bacteroidota of the blood deficiency and blood stasis model group was significantly reduced, while the relative abundance of Actinobacteria, Spirochaetota, Proteobacteria, Campilobacterota, and other pathogenic bacteria was significantly increased. Following THSWD intervention, the abundance of beneficial bacteria increased, and the abundance of pathogenic bacteria decreased. Correlation analysis between the gut microbiota and differential metabolites showed that the two are closely related. THSWD affected the host blood system through mutual adjustment of these two factors, and improved blood deficiency and blood stasis syndrome in rats. CONCLUSION The blood deficiency and blood stasis syndrome model of TCM disease caused by ice bath combined with cyclophosphamide lead to changes in the pharmacology, metabolomics, and gut microbiota. The intervention of THSWD can improve the symptoms caused by blood deficiency and blood stasis. The mechanism is mainly through the regulation of platelet function and amino acid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao He
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China
- Guizhou Yibai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 550008, Guiyang, China
| | - Huajuan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China
| | - Kequn Du
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China
| | - Shengju Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China
| | - Minmin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China
| | - Chuan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China
| | - Fang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Dong
- The Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 39 Shierqiao Road, Jinniu District, Chengdu, 610032, Sichuan, China.
| | - Chaomei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China.
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Study on Neuroprotective Mechanism of Houshiheisan in Ischemic Stroke Based on Transcriptomics and Experimental Verification. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2023; 2023:8673136. [PMID: 36793760 PMCID: PMC9925249 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8673136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Houshiheisan (HSHS), a classic prescription in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has shown outstanding efficacy in treating stroke. This study investigated various therapeutic targets of HSHS for ischemic stroke using mRNA transcriptomics. Herein, rats were randomly separated into the sham, model, HSHS 5.25 g/kg (HSHS5.25), and HSHS 10.5 g/kg (HSHS10.5) groups. Rats suffering from stroke were induced by permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO). After seven days of HSHS treatment, behavioral tests were conducted, and histological damage was examined with hematoxylin-eosin (HE). The mRNA expression profiles were identified using microarray analysis and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) validated gene expression changes. An analysis of gene ontology and pathway enrichment was conducted to analyze potential mechanisms confirmed using immunofluorescence and western blotting. HSHS5.25 and HSHS10.5 improved neurological deficits and pathological injury in pMCAO rats. The intersections of 666 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were chosen using transcriptomics analysis in the sham, model, and HSHS10.5 groups. The enrichment analysis suggested that the therapeutic targets of HSHS might regulate the apoptotic process and ERK1/2 signaling pathway, which was related to neuronal survival. Moreover, TUNEL and immunofluorescence analysis indicated that HSHS inhibited apoptosis and enhanced neuronal survival in the ischemic lesion. Western blot and immunofluorescence assay indicated that HSHS10.5 decreased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and suppressed caspase-3 activation, while the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and CREB was upregulated in a stroke rat model after HSHS treatment. Effective inhibition of neuronal apoptosis by activating the ERK1/2-CREB signaling pathway may be a potential mechanism for HSHS in the treatment of ischemic stroke.
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Jin C, Wu F, Hong Y, Shen L, Lin X, Zhao L, Feng Y. Updates on applications of low-viscosity grade Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose in coprocessing for improvement of physical properties of pharmaceutical powders. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 311:120731. [PMID: 37028868 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) is an important polymeric excipient. Its versatility in terms of molecular weights and viscosity grades is the basis for its wide and successful application in the pharmaceutical industry. Low viscosity grades of HPMC (like E3 and E5) have been used as physical modifiers for pharmaceutical powders in recent years due to their unique physicochemical and biological properties (e.g., low surface tension, high Tg, strong hydrogen bonding ability, etc.). Such modification is the co-processing of HPMC with a drug/excipient to create composite particles (CPs) for the purpose of providing synergistic effects of functional improvement as well as of masking undesirable properties of the powder (e.g., flowability, compressibility, compactibility, solubility, stability, etc.). Therefore, given its irreplaceability and tremendous opportunities for future developments, this review summarized and updated studies on improving the functional properties of drugs and/or excipients by forming CPs with low-viscosity HPMC, analyzed and exploited the improvement mechanisms (e.g., improved surface properties, increased polarity, hydrogen bonding, etc.) for the further development of novel co-processed pharmaceutical powders containing HPMC. It also provides an outlook on the future applications of HPMC, aiming to provide a reference on the crucial role of HPMC in various areas for interested readers.
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Lan Q, Liu C, Wu Z, Ni C, Li J, Huang C, Wang H, Wei G. Does the Metabolome of Wild-like Dendrobium officinale of Different Origins Have Regional Differences? Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27207024. [PMID: 36296615 PMCID: PMC9609934 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27207024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendrobium officinale, as a traditional Chinese medicine, has considerable commercial value and pharmacological activity. Environmental factors of different origins have a great influence on Dendrobium officinale metabolites, which affect its pharmacological activity. This study sought to identify the differential metabolites of wild-imitating cultivated D. officinale stems of different origins. Using the widely-targeted metabolomics approach, 442 metabolites were detected and characterized, including flavonoids, lipids, amino acids and derivatives, and alkaloids. We found that although the chemical constitution of D. officinale cultured in the three habitats was parallel, the contents were significantly different. Meanwhile, the KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that the distinctive metabolites among the three groups were mainly involved in flavone and flavonol biosynthesis. To further explore the different contents of flavonoids, HPLC was performed on four main flavonoid contents, which can be used as one of the references to distinguish D. officinale from different growing origins. In conclusion, a comprehensive profile of the metabolic differences of D. officinale grown in different origins was provided, which contributed a scientific basis for further research on the quality evaluation of D. officinale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqian Lan
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chenxing Liu
- Shaoguan Institute of Danxia Dendrobium Officinale, Shaoguan 512005, China
- Hantai Biomedical Group Co., Ltd. Zibo Br, Zibo 255000, China
| | - Zhanghua Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chen Ni
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jinyan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Shaoguan Institute of Danxia Dendrobium Officinale, Shaoguan 512005, China
| | - Chunlei Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Shaoguan Institute of Danxia Dendrobium Officinale, Shaoguan 512005, China
| | - Huan Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Hunan Institute for Drug Control, Changsha 410001, China
- Correspondence: (H.W.); (G.W.)
| | - Gang Wei
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Correspondence: (H.W.); (G.W.)
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He Q, Shi Y, Xing H, Tang Q, Liu J, Li C, Zhang H, Zhang B, Zhang J, Chen X. Modulating effect of Xuanfei Baidu granule on host metabolism and gut microbiome in rats. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:922642. [PMID: 36147334 PMCID: PMC9486314 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.922642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Xuanfei Baidu granule (XFBD) is a recommended patented drug for the prevention and treatment of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is approved by the National Medical Products Administration. XFBD suppresses the over-activated immune response caused by inflammatory factor storms in COVID-19 infection. The intestine plays a crucial role in the immune system. The mass spectrometry based fecal metabolomics with 16S rDNA sequencing were combined to evaluate the effects of XFBD on host metabolism and gut microbiome. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) contents in fecal matter were quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Plasma samples were used to detect immune and inflammatory levels. The results were verified with a rat model of intestinal disorder. Results indicated that XFBD could increase the immune level of Immunoglobulin A (IgA), Immunoglobulin G (IgG) and Immunoglobulin M (IgM) (p < 0.05). The OPLS-DA analysis results showed that a total of 271 differential metabolites (178 up-regulated and 93 down-regulated) were identified based on the VIP ≥1, p < 0.05, FC ≥ 2 and FC ≤ 0.5. The metabolic pathways mainly involved D-Glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism, Arginine biosynthesis, Biotin metabolism, et al. XFBD modified the gut bacteria structure according to the principal component analysis (PCA), that is, 2 phyla, 3 classes, 5 orders, 11 families and 14 genera were significantly different based on taxonomic assignment. In addition, it could partially callback the relative abundance of intestinal microflora in bacterial disorder rats caused by antibiotics. It is suggested that the intervention mechanism of XFBD might be related to the regulation of intestinal flora composition. The evidence obtained in the study provides a useful reference for understanding the mechanism of XFBD.
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Chen W, Li C, Jin D, Shi Y, Zhang M, Bo M, Qian D, Wang M, Li G. Metabolomics Combined with Network Pharmacology-Based Strategy to Reveal the Underlying Mechanism of Zhenhuang Submicron Emulsion in Treating Oropharyngeal Mucositis Complications of Radiation Therapy for Head and Neck Cancer. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:3169-3182. [PMID: 36158237 PMCID: PMC9491332 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s376984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Head and neck tumors account for more than 6% of all cancers. The primary treatment for tumors of the head and neck is radiation therapy, which can induce oropharyngeal mucositis as a side effect. At present, there is no widely available therapeutic for the treatment of oropharyngeal mucositis in clinical practice. Based on the traditional prescription Liushen Wan, the pathogenesis and pathology, we developed a new Chinese medicine prescription and made Zhenhuang submicron emulsion (ZHSE) spray, which has an efficacious therapeutic effect for oropharyngeal mucositis. However, its mechanism is unclear. Methods This research explored the mechanism behind the modulatory effects of ZHSE by a strategy of metabolomics and network pharmacology. Multivariate data analyses, including unsupervised principal component analysis (PCA) and supervised orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), were performed. Potential biomarkers were identified depending on the mass-charge ratio of the selected compound. Statistical and pathway enrichment analysis was performed in the KEGG pathway database. Network pharmacology combining metabolomic analyses was conducted to illustrate the key targets and pathways. Results Critical metabolic pathways were investigated, 56f biomarkers were enriched and key metabolites such as linoleic acid, 9,10-epoxyoctadecenoic acid, acetoacetic acid and citric acid were identified. A complex network of “compound-target-potential metabolite” interactions was drawn to illuminate the regulation of chemical constituents on key metabolites. These findings manifest that ZHSE regulates endogenous metabolite disorders during the treatment of oropharyngeal mucositis by various constituents, interacting with multiple targets associated with inflammation and pain. Conclusion In this work, we determined several critical biomarkers and metabolic pathways and identified the possible regulatory mechanism by which ZHSE functions in the treatment of oropharyngeal mucositis. This study provides a new perspective on integrating metabolomics and network pharmacology for exploring improved therapy for head and neck tumors based on the traditional classic prescription of LSW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunyu Li
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dujia Jin
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yafei Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingyu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingming Bo
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Di Qian
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengyang Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guohui Li
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Guohui Li, Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, Tel +861087788573, Email
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Zeng M, Zhang B, Ren Y, Wang S, Guo P, Liu M, Zhang Q, Jia J, Li J, Zheng X, Feng W. A sesquiterpene isolated from the stems and leaves of Dioscorea opposita thunb. Transforms the composition of immune cells through ERβ in a mouse model of LPS-induced lung injury. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10500. [PMID: 36105471 PMCID: PMC9465438 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a common critical disease with a high mortality rate. Natural products have marked efficacy in the prevention and treatment of ALI, in addition, estrogen and its receptors are involved in the pathogenesis and development of lung injury. Our previous research shows that sesquiterpenes isolated from the stems and leaves of Dioscorea opposita Thunb. have anti-inflammatory and estrogenic-like activity. In the present study, sesquiterpene (A1) is a natural extract from the stems and leaves of Dioscorea opposita Thunb. with a view to determining whether A1 can improve lung function in a mouse model of LPS-induced ALI and exploring the involvement of the estrogen receptor β (ERβ) pathway. A1 (20 or 40 mg/kg, i. g., 2 times/day) was administered for 3 d, followed by the induction of ALI via an intratracheal LPS drip (5 mg/kg/2 h). The lung function and levels of inflammation, immune cells, apoptosis, and ERβ expression were examined. The antagonistic activity of specific ERβ blocker (THC, 1 μM) against A1 (20 μM) in co-cultured BEAS-2B cells and splenic lymphocytes induced with LPS (1 μg/mL, 24 h) was also investigated to assess whether the observed effects of A1 were mediated by ERβ. A1 improved lung function, regulated the immune system, and decreased inflammation and apoptosis. Moreover, A1 increased the expression of ERβ in LPS-induced mice, and antagonism of ERβ decreased the protective effects of A1 in a co-culture system. A1 had anti-ALI effects that might partially mediated through ERβ signaling. Our data provide molecular justification for the use of A1 in the treatment of ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengnan Zeng
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment & Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Beibei Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yingjie Ren
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shengchao Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Pengli Guo
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Meng Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qinqin Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jufang Jia
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jinyue Li
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoke Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment & Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Weisheng Feng
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment & Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
- Corresponding author.
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Gao Z, Mi R, Cheng Z, Li X, Zeng H, Wu G, Zhao J, Zhang W, Ye J. Integrated Metabolomics and Network Pharmacology Revealed Hong-Hua-Xiao-Yao Tablet's Effect of Mediating Hormone Synthesis in the Treatment of Mammary Gland Hyperplasia. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:788019. [PMID: 35177987 PMCID: PMC8846323 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.788019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hong-Hua-Xiao-Yao Tablet (HHXYT) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula that has been approved for the treatment of mammary gland hyperplasia (MGH), but its mechanism of action is unclear. In this study, a strategy that integrated metabolomics and network pharmacology was applied to systemically reveal the mechanism of HHXYT in the treatment of MGH. Our pharmacodynamic study indicated that the proliferation of mammary gland was inhibited in rats, and serum-level disorder of estradiol and progesterone was reversed after HHXYT treatment. 54 compounds absorbed in rat plasma were identified after administration of HHXYT. The serum metabolome revealed 58 endogenous differential metabolites, of which 31% were steroid lipids metabolites, with steroid hormone biosynthesis being the most significant metabolic module. 7 targets, 6 herbs, and 17 ingredients were found to play key roles in HHXYT’s treatment of MGH. 3 of the 7 key targets (CYP11A1, HSD3B2, and CYP17A1) were directly involved in androgen synthesis, while 2 targets (AR and ESR1) were receptors for the direct action of androgens and estrogens. Molecular docking was utilized to confirm the bindings between the 5 targets and their corresponding compounds. In an in vitro test, HHXYT (50 µg/ml) and its ingredient formononetin (3.2, 6.3, and 12.5 µM) were found to significantly reduce the increase of testosterone level induced by dexamethasone (10 µM) in thecal cells. In summary, this study illustrated that the mechanism of HHXYT’s treatment of MGH was to regulate hormone disorder. HHXYT could reduce estrogen-stimulated hyperplasia by inhibiting the production of its precursor androgen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqing Gao
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Mi
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaoxi Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huawu Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gaosong Wu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji Ye
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Chen C, Duan F, Xie Y, Wan Q, Liu H, Gong J, Huang L, Song Z. Nuciferine attenuates acute ischemic stroke in a rat model: a metabolomic approach for the mechanistic study. Mol Omics 2022; 18:765-778. [DOI: 10.1039/d2mo00158f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nuciferine is a promise therapeutic candidate for ischemic stroke. 1H NMR metabolomics was conducted in this study to further elucidate its pharmacological mechanism, which is helpful to be used as a potential treatment for stroke clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, P. R. China
| | - Feipeng Duan
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, P. R. China
| | - Yongyan Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, P. R. China
| | - Quan Wan
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, P. R. China
| | - Haiyun Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, P. R. China
| | - Jinpeng Gong
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, P. R. China
| | - Liping Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, P. R. China
| | - Zonghua Song
- Chinese Pharmacopoeia Commission, Beijing 100061, P. R. China
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Ji Y, Si W, Zeng J, Huang L, Huang Z, Zhao L, Liu J, Zhu M, Kuang W. Niujiaodihuang Detoxify Decoction inhibits ferroptosis by enhancing glutathione synthesis in acute liver failure models. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 279:114305. [PMID: 34129898 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Niujiaodihuang Detoxify Decoction (NDD) is an integrated traditional Chinese medicine prescription that has been used as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of acute liver failure (ALF). However, the mechanisms underlying its action remain unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY To determine the protective effect of NDD on D-galactosamine/lipopolysaccharide (D-GalN/LPS)-induced ALF and explore the underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS We characterized the NDD fingerprint by HPLC and established D-GalN/LPS-induced ALF models in Sprague-Dawley rats and LO2 cells. Next, we measured the protective and antiferroptotic effects of NDD in vivo and in vitro. To further investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of NDD, we performed metabolomic analysis of the liver tissue using LC-MS/MS. RESULTS Results of serum biochemical analysis, liver histopathology, and cell viability showed that NDD effectively relieved the liver injury. It reduced the accumulation of labile iron and alleviated lipid peroxidation by enhancing GPX4 activity. The mitochondrial morphology indicated that NDD exerted its hepatoprotective effect through an antiferroptotic activity. Metabolomic analysis showed that NDD treatment increased the levels of cysteine, decreased those of glutamate, and ameliorated the D-GalN/LPS-induced reduction in the levels of glutathione (GSH). The results for intracellular levels of reduced (GSH) and oxidized (GSSG) glutathione were consistent with those of metabolomic analysis. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that NDD exerts hepatoprotective activity by evoking the reprogramming of GSH metabolism, and thereby, inhibiting ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichun Ji
- Shenzhen Bao'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518133, China.
| | - Wenwen Si
- Shenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518104, China
| | - Juan Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Liqiao Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 524023, China
| | - Zifeng Huang
- Shenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518104, China
| | - Lijun Zhao
- Shenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518104, China
| | - Jiahui Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Meiling Zhu
- Shenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518104, China.
| | - Weihong Kuang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 524023, China.
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16
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Zhang C, Mo YY, Feng SS, Meng MW, Chen SY, Huang HM, Ling X, Song H, Liang YH, Ou SF, Guo HW, Su ZH. Urinary metabonomics study of anti-depressive mechanisms of Millettia speciosa Champ on rats with chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depression. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 205:114338. [PMID: 34461490 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
As a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), Millettia speciosa Champ (MSC), exerts a wide range of pharmacological activities. Our research group previously found that MSC has antidepressant effects, but the specific antidepressant mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, in this study, urine metabolomics based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS) combined with pharmacodynamics was used to explore the pathogenesis of depression and the antidepressant effects of MSC. The results showed that MSC treatment could significantly improve chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depression. Urine metabolic showed that the profiles of the CUMS model group were significantly separated from the control group, while the drug-treated groups were closer to the control group, especially the MSC group treated with a 14 g/kg dose of MSC. Furthermore, 9 metabolites, including glutaric acid, L-isoleucine, L-Dopa, sebacic acid, 3-methylhistidine, allantoin, caprylic acid, tryptophol, and 2-phenylethanol glucuronide, were identified as potential biomarkers of depression. Metabolic pathway analysis showed that these potential biomarkers were mainly involved in valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation, tyrosine metabolism, histidine metabolism, fatty acid biosynthesis, and pentose and glucuronate interconversions. Through Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and Pearson correlation analysis, the combination of L-isoleucine, sebacic acid, and allantoin, were further screened out as potential pharmacodynamic biomarkers associated with the efficacy of MSC. This study suggests that the integration of metabolomics with pharmacodynamics helps to further understand the pathogenesis of depression and provides novel insight into the efficacy of TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yi-Yi Mo
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Shi-Sui Feng
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Ming-Wei Meng
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Si-Ying Chen
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Hui-Min Huang
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xue Ling
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Hui Song
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yong-Hong Liang
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Song-Feng Ou
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.
| | - Hong-Wei Guo
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education & Center for Translational Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation & College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.
| | - Zhi-Heng Su
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation & College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.
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Song X, He Y, Liu M, Yang Y, Yuan Y, Yan J, Zhang M, Huang J, Zhang S, Mo F. Mechanism underlying Polygonum capitatum effect on Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis based on network pharmacology. Bioorg Chem 2021; 114:105044. [PMID: 34157554 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a common disease that can cause H. pylori-associated gastritis (HAG), peptic ulcers, and gastric cancer. As a traditional Chinese medicine, Polygonum capitatum (PC) manifests its unique advantages in the prevention and treatment of complex diseases and chronic diseases, due to its ability to clear heat, detoxify and relieve pain, promote blood circulation, and remove blood stasis. In order to explore the molecular mechanism of PC for HAG, the study collected the predicted targets of active compounds, conducted functional analysis by the STRING database, collected HAG differential expression genes, and conducted KEGG enrichment analysis on the intersection of predicted targets and differential expression genes of gastritis by Cluego. The results show that PC works mainly by affecting phosphorylation of IκBα, NF-κB p65, p38MAPK, and ERK1/2 and nuclear transposition of NF-κB p65 and p-p38MAPK, which has been proved by in vivo and in vitro experiments. These results suggest that PC may act on HAG with multiple targets and pathways, and play a key role in the process of HAG treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Song
- Department of Basic Clinical Laboratory Medicine, School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, No. 9 Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Yun He
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Basic Clinical Laboratory Medicine, School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, No. 9 Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Ye Yang
- Department of Basic Clinical Laboratory Medicine, School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, No. 9 Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Yan Yuan
- Department of Basic Clinical Laboratory Medicine, School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, No. 9 Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Jiaoyan Yan
- Department of Basic Clinical Laboratory Medicine, School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, No. 9 Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Mengwei Zhang
- Department of Basic Clinical Laboratory Medicine, School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, No. 9 Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Department of Basic Clinical Laboratory Medicine, School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, No. 9 Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang 550004, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang 550004, China.
| | - Fei Mo
- Department of Basic Clinical Laboratory Medicine, School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, No. 9 Beijing Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang 550004, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No. 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang 550004, China.
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High-Throughput Untargeted Serum Metabolomics Analysis of Hyperuricemia Patients by UPLC-Q-TOF/MS. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:5524772. [PMID: 34234835 PMCID: PMC8216829 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5524772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Hyperuricemia (HUA) as a metabolic disease is closely associated with metabolic disorders. The etiology and pathogenesis of HUA are not fully understood, so there is no radical cure so far. Metabolomics, a specialized study of endogenous small molecule substances, has become a powerful tool for metabolic pathway analysis of selected differential metabolites, which is helpful for initially revealing possible development mechanisms of various human diseases. Twenty HUA patients and 20 healthy individuals participated in the experiment, and ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS) was employed to investigate serum samples to find differential metabolites. The statistical techniques used were principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis. The differences in metabolomics results of samples after pretreatment with different solvents were compared, 38, 20, 26, 28, 33, 50, and 40 potential differential metabolites were found, respectively, in HUA patient samples, and each group involved different metabolic pathways. Repetitive metabolites were removed, 138 differential metabolites in HUA serum were integrated for analysis, and the human body was affected by 7 metabolic pathways of glycerophospholipid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, and α-linolenic acid metabolism. In this work, the metabolomics approach based on UPLC-Q-TOF/MS was employed to investigate serum metabolic changes in HUA patients, 138 potential differential metabolites related to HUA were identified, which provided associations of lipids, amino acids, fatty acids, organic acids, and nucleosides profiles of HUA individuals. Metabolic pathways involved in glycerophospholipid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, and a-linolenic acid metabolism shed light on the understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis process of HUA.
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Wu F, Shao Q, Xia Q, Hu M, Zhao Y, Wang D, Fang K, Xu L, Zou X, Chen Z, Chen G, Lu F. A bioinformatics and transcriptomics based investigation reveals an inhibitory role of Huanglian-Renshen-Decoction on hepatic glucose production of T2DM mice via PI3K/Akt/FoxO1 signaling pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 83:153487. [PMID: 33636476 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive hepatic glucose production (HGP) largely promotes the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and the inhibition of HGP significantly ameliorates T2DM. Huanglian-Renshen-Decoction (HRD), a classic traditional Chinese herb medicine, is widely used for the treatment of diabetes in clinic for centuries and proved effective. However, the relevant mechanisms of HRD are not fully understood. PURPOSE Based on that, this study was designed to identify the potential effects and underlying mechanisms of HRD on HGP by a comprehensive investigation that integrated in vivo functional experiments, network pharmacology, molecular docking, transcriptomics and molecular biology. METHODS After confirming the therapeutic effects of HRD on T2DM mice, the inhibitory role of HRD on HGP was evaluated by pyruvate and glucagon tolerance tests, liver positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and the detection of gluconeogenic key enzymes. Then, network pharmacology and transcriptomics approaches were used to clarify the underlying mechanisms. Molecular biology, computational docking analysis and in vitro experiments were applied for final mechanism verification. RESULTS Here, our results showed that HRD can decrease weight gain and blood glucose, increase fasting insulin, glucose clearance and insulin sensitivity in T2DM mice. Dysregulated lipid profile was also corrected by HRD administration. Pyruvate, glucagon tolerance tests and liver PET imaging all indicated that HRD inhibited the abnormal HGP of T2DM, and the expressions of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) and glucose 6-phosphatase (G6Pase) were significantly suppressed by HRD as expected. Network pharmacology and transcriptomics approaches illustrated that PI3K/Akt/FoxO1 signaling pathway may be responsible for the inhibitory effect of HRD on HGP. Afterward, further western blot and immunoprecipitation found that HRD did activate PI3K/Akt/FoxO1 signaling pathway in T2DM mice, which confirmed previous results. Additionally, the conclusion was further supported by molecular docking and in vitro experiments, in which identified HRD compound, oxyberberine, was proven to exert an obvious effect on Akt. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrated that HRD can treat T2DM by inhibiting hepatic glucose production, the underlying mechanisms were associated with the activation of PI3K/Akt/FoxO1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wu
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Qingqing Shao
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Qingsong Xia
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Meilin Hu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Dingkun Wang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ke Fang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Lijun Xu
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xin Zou
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Guang Chen
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Fuer Lu
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Shi J, Zhou X, Zhao Y, Tang X, Feng L, Wang B, Chen J. The three-spot seahorse-derived peptide PAGPRGPA attenuates ethanol-induced oxidative stress in LO2 cells through MAPKs, the Keap1/Nrf2 signalling pathway and amino acid metabolism. Food Funct 2021; 12:1672-1687. [PMID: 33496711 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02457k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver diseases (ALDs) impose a substantial health burden on many countries. Bioactive peptides isolated from people, marine organisms, animals and plants have shown hepatoprotective effects on animal and hepatocyte models. In this study, an LO2 cell model of ethanol-induced liver injury in vitro was constructed. We investigated the hepatoprotective effects of the three-spot seahorse bioactive peptide (SBP) PAGPRGPA (Pro-Ala-Gly-Pro-Arg-Gly-Pro-Ala; 721.39 Da) and characterised the underlying metabolic pathways and biomarkers through a nontargeted metabolomics approach. We found that ethanol-induced oxidative stress impaired the cellular antioxidant system, leading to an imbalance in cellular homeostasis. However, SBP with a certain antioxidant activity inhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, excessive intracellular Ca2+ level and abnormal apoptosis. It also restored the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) levels and attenuated ethanol-induced oxidative damage and inflammation. SBP suppressed the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in ethanol-stimulated LO2 cells. It also regulated the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signalling pathway to protect LO2 cells from oxidative damage by promoting the expression of antioxidant enzymes, such as heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Furthermore, the metabolomics approach demonstrated nine different biomarkers and six metabolic pathways. In summary, the hepatoprotective mechanisms of SBP in vitro, which can be attributed to the upregulation of antioxidant substances and amino acid metabolism, attenuate ethanol-induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Shi
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province; Engineering Research Center of Utilization of Tropical polysaccharide resources, Ministry of Education; College of Food Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, P. R. China.
| | - Xin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province; Engineering Research Center of Utilization of Tropical polysaccharide resources, Ministry of Education; College of Food Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, P. R. China.
| | - Ying Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Germplasm Resource Biology of Tropical Special Ornamental Plants of Hainan Province, Wuzhishan National Long Term Forest Ecosystem Monitoring Research Station, College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, P. R. China
| | - Xuemei Tang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province; Engineering Research Center of Utilization of Tropical polysaccharide resources, Ministry of Education; College of Food Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, P. R. China.
| | - Lu Feng
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province; Engineering Research Center of Utilization of Tropical polysaccharide resources, Ministry of Education; College of Food Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, P. R. China.
| | - Boyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province; Engineering Research Center of Utilization of Tropical polysaccharide resources, Ministry of Education; College of Food Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, P. R. China.
| | - Jian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province; Engineering Research Center of Utilization of Tropical polysaccharide resources, Ministry of Education; College of Food Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, P. R. China.
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Hu H, Lee-Fong Y, Peng J, Hu B, Li J, Li Y, Huang H. Comparative Research of Chemical Profiling in Different Parts of Fissistigma oldhamii by Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Hybrid Quadrupole-Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry. Molecules 2021; 26:960. [PMID: 33670350 PMCID: PMC7918369 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The roots of Fissistigma oldhamii (FO) are widely used as medicine with the effect of dispelling wind and dampness, promoting blood circulation and relieving pains, and its fruits are considered delicious. However, Hakka people always utilize its above-ground parts as a famous folk medicine, Xiangteng, with significant differences from literatures. Studies of chemical composition showed there were multiple aristolactams that possessed high nephrotoxicity, pending evaluation research about their distribution in FO. In this study, a sensitive, selective, rapid and reliable method was established to comparatively perform qualitative and semi-quantitative analysis of the constituents in roots, stems, leaves, fruits and insect galls, using an Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled with Hybrid Quadrupole Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS, or Q-Exactive for short). To make more accurate identification and comparison of FO chemicals, all MS data were aligned and screened by XCMS, then their structures were elucidated according to MSn ion fragments between the detected and standards, published ones or these generated by MS fragmenter. A total of 79 compounds were identified, including 33 alkaloids, 29 flavonoids, 11 phenylpropanoids, etc. There were 54 common components in all five parts, while another 25 components were just detected in some parts. Six toxic aristolactams were detected in this experiment, including aristolactam AII, AIIIa, BII, BIII, FI and FII, of which the relative contents in above-ground stems were much higher than roots. Meanwhile, multivariate statistical analysis was performed and showed significant differences both in type and content of the ingredients within all FO parts. The results implied that above-ground FO parts should be carefully valued for oral administration and eating fruits. This study demonstrated that the high-resolution mass spectrometry coupled with multivariate statistical methods was a powerful tool in compound analysis of complicated herbal extracts, and the results provide the basis for its further application, scientific development of quality standard and utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Hu
- National Engineering Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine—Hakka Medical Resources Branch, School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China; (H.H.); (J.P.); (B.H.); (J.L.)
- Department of Biology, Animal Physiology and Neurobiology Section, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, Box 2465, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yau Lee-Fong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Macao University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China;
| | - Jinnian Peng
- National Engineering Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine—Hakka Medical Resources Branch, School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China; (H.H.); (J.P.); (B.H.); (J.L.)
| | - Bin Hu
- National Engineering Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine—Hakka Medical Resources Branch, School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China; (H.H.); (J.P.); (B.H.); (J.L.)
| | - Jialin Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine—Hakka Medical Resources Branch, School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China; (H.H.); (J.P.); (B.H.); (J.L.)
| | - Yaoli Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hao Huang
- National Engineering Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine—Hakka Medical Resources Branch, School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China; (H.H.); (J.P.); (B.H.); (J.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Quality of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Macao University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China;
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22
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Zhang H, Xu C, Tian Q, Zhang Y, Zhang G, Guan Y, Tong S, Yan J. Screening and characterization of aldose reductase inhibitors from Traditional Chinese medicine based on ultrafiltration-liquid chromatography mass spectrometry and in silico molecular docking. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 264:113282. [PMID: 32890716 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Shenqi Jiangtang granule (SJG) is an ancient Chinese herbal formula used for treatment of Diabetes mellitus and its complications. AIM OF THE STUDY To establish an integrated approach for discovery of effective Aldose reductase inhibitors (ARIs) from SJG. MATERIALS AND METHODS An integrated approach combining ultrafiltration-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UF-LC-MS) with in silico molecular docking was established for development of ARIs. AR enzyme was separated from the rabbit's crystalline lens. The inhibitory activities of these compounds were detected by UV spectrophotometry with DL-glyceraldehyde as a substrate. Furthermore, molecular docking was used to understand the binding mechanism of these screened compounds interacting with AR. RESULTS After optimization of AR reaction system and ultrafiltration incubation system, 17 active ingredients were screened from SJG by UF-LC-MS technique. Among these potential AR inhibitors, ginsenoside Rd exhibited the strongest activity with IC50 value of 45.77 μM. Three of them, calycosin, gomisin J and schisandrin A were demonstrated to be potential inhibitors for the first time, with IC50 at 447.34 μM, 181.73 μM, and 429.00 μM, respectively. Most of the active compounds exhibited competitive inhibition against AR. The docking scores of saponins were higher than that of lignans, which was consistent with the verification results. CONCLUSION The results indicated that TCM formula with clinical efficacy was indeed hopeful source for screening active ingredients, and the combination of UF-LC-MS and in silico molecular docking was a universal and promising approach for development of effective enzyme inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Cong Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Qinghua Tian
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Guimin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Shandong, 276006, China; Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Shandong, 276006, China
| | - Yongxia Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Shandong, 276006, China; Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Shandong, 276006, China
| | - Shengqiang Tong
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Jizhong Yan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
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Chan Y, Chen W, Chen Y, Lv Z, Wan W, Li Y, Zhang C. Yi-Zhi-Fang-Dai Formula Exerts a Protective Effect on the Injury of Tight Junction Scaffold Proteins in Vitro and in Vivo by Mediating Autophagy through Regulation of the RAGE/CaMKKβ/AMPK/mTOR Pathway. Biol Pharm Bull 2020; 43:1847-1858. [PMID: 33268702 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b20-00379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegeneration disease that is closely related to the abnormal tight junction scaffold proteins (TJ) proteins of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Recently, Yi-Zhi-Fang-Dai Formula (YZFDF) had exerted a neuronal protective effect against amyloid peptide (Aβ) toxicity. Still, the therapeutic mechanism of YZFDF in restoring Aβ-induced injury of TJ proteins (ZO-1, Occludin, and Claudin-5) remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the underlying mechanism of YZFDF in alleviating the injury of TJ proteins. We examined the impacts of YZFDF on autophagy-related proteins and the histopathology of Aβ in the APP/PS1 double-transgenic male mice. We then performed the free intracellular calcium levels [Ca2+]i analysis and the cognitive behavior test of the AD model. Our results showed that YZFDF ameliorated the injury of TJ proteins by reducing the mRNA transcription and expression of the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE), the levels of [Ca2+]i, calmodulin-dependent protein kinase β (CaMKKβ), phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Accordingly, YZFDF increased the expression of the phosphorylated mammalian targets of rapamycin (mTOR), leading to inhibition of autophagy (downregulated LC3 and upregulated P62). Moreover, the Aβ1-42 oligomers-induced alterations of autophagy in murine mouse brain capillary (bEnd.3) cells were blocked by RAGE small interfering RNA (siRNA). These results suggest that YZFDF restored TJ proteins' injury by suppressing autophagy via RAGE signaling. Furthermore, YZFDF reduced the pathological precipitation of Aβ in the hippocampus, and improved cognitive behavior impairment of the AD model suggested that YZFDF might be a potential therapeutic candidate for treating AD through RAGE/CaMKKβ/AMPK/mTOR-regulated autophagy pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjin Chan
- Geriatrics Department of Chinese Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University
| | - Wenjing Chen
- Geriatrics Department of Chinese Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University
| | - Yanjie Chen
- Geriatrics Department of Chinese Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University
| | - Zhongkuan Lv
- Geriatrics Department of Chinese Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University
| | - Wenbin Wan
- Department of Neurology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University
| | - Yaming Li
- Geriatrics Department of Chinese Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University
| | - Chunyan Zhang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University
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Zhou Y, Li M, Song J, Shi Y, Qin X, Gao Z, Lv Y, Du G. The cardioprotective effects of the new crystal form of puerarin in isoproterenol-induced myocardial ischemia rats based on metabolomics. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17787. [PMID: 33082379 PMCID: PMC7575583 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74246-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Puerarin has shown unique pharmacological effects on myocardial ischemia (MI). Changing the crystal form is an effective approach to improve the cardioprotective effects of puerarin. However, the mechanisms of the new crystal form of puerarin are unclear. In this study, an electrocardiogram, echocardiography, cardiac marker enzymatic activity, oxidative stress indices, and myocardial histology analysis of cardiac tissues were performed to evaluate the cardioprotective effects of the new crystal form of puerarin. Moreover, serum and cardiac tissue metabolomics based on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) were used to investigate the potential mechanism of the new crystal form. The results indicated that the new crystal form of puerarin (30 mg/kg) could improve oxidative stress indices, and these improvements were similar to those of the original crystal form of puerarin (120 mg/kg). The new crystal form of puerarin (30 mg/kg) could effectively improve the activities of cardiac marker enzymes, and the improvement effects were better than those of the original crystal form (120 mg/kg). Moreover, metabolomics analysis showed that amino acid metabolism, oxidative stress and energy metabolism were disturbed after MI and could be improved by puerarin. These results demonstrated that the new crystal form of puerarin was effective in treating MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 2A Nan Wei Road, Beijing, 100050, China.,Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Polymorph Drugs, Shandong Yikang Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, No. 3288, Yikang Avenue, Tengzhou, 277513, China.,Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Mengru Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Jia Song
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Yongqiang Shi
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Polymorph Drugs, Shandong Yikang Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, No. 3288, Yikang Avenue, Tengzhou, 277513, China
| | - Xuemei Qin
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Zhaolin Gao
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Polymorph Drugs, Shandong Yikang Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, No. 3288, Yikang Avenue, Tengzhou, 277513, China
| | - Yang Lv
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 2A Nan Wei Road, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Guanhua Du
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 2A Nan Wei Road, Beijing, 100050, China.
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Wu G, Zhong J, Chen L, Gu Y, Hong Y, Ma J, Zheng N, Liu AJ, Sheng L, Zhang W, Li H. Effects of the Suxiao Jiuxin pill on acute myocardial infarction assessed by comprehensive metabolomics. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 77:153291. [PMID: 32739572 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND SJP is the commercial Chinese medicine included in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, with well-established cardiovascular protective effects in the clinic. However, the mechanisms underlying the protective effects of SJP on cardiovascular disease have not yet been clearly elucidated. AIMS To investigate the underlying protective mechanisms of SJP in an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) rat model using comprehensive metabolomics. MATERIALS AND METHODS The rat model of AMI was generated by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery. After 2 weeks treatment with SJP, the entire metabolic changes in the serum, heart, urine and feces of the rat were profiled by HPLC-QTOF-MS/MS. RESULTS The metabolic profiles in different biological samples (heart, serum, urine and feces) were significantly different among groups, in which a total of 112 metabolites were identified. AMI caused comprehensive metabolic changes in amino acid metabolism, galactose metabolism and fatty acid metabolism, while SJP reversed more than half of the differential metabolic changes, mainly affecting amino acid metabolism and fatty acid metabolism. Correlation analysis found that SJP could significantly alter the metabolic activity of 12 key metabolites, regarded as potential biomarkers of SJP treatment. According to the results of network analysis, 6 biomarkers were considered to be hub metabolites, which means that these metabolites may have a major relationship with the SJP therapeutic effects on AMI. CONCLUSION The combined comprehensive metabolomics and network analysis, indicated that the protective effect of SJP on cardiovascular disease was associated with systemic metabolic modulation, in particular regulation of amino acid and fatty acid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaosong Wu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jing Zhong
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Huzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Linlin Chen
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yu Gu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ying Hong
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Junli Ma
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ningning Zheng
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ai-Jun Liu
- Department of Phytochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Lili Sheng
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Department of Phytochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Houkai Li
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Wu G, Chen L, Gu Y, Hong Y, Ma J, Zheng N, Zhong J, Liu AJ, Sheng L, Zhang W, Li H. Exploring the mechanism underlying the cardioprotective effect of shexiang baoxin pill on acute myocardial infarction rats by comprehensive metabolomics. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 259:113001. [PMID: 32464316 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Shexiang Baoxin Pill (SBP) is a commercial Chinese medicine included in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia with well-established cardiovascular protect effect in clinic. However, the mechanism of SBP underlying protective effect on cardiovascular disease has not been clearly elucidated yet. AIM OF THE STUDY We aimed to investigate the underlying protective mechanisms of SBP on an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) rat model by using comprehensive metabolomics. MATERIALS AND METHODS The rat model of AMI was generated by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery. After two weeks of treatment with SBP, comprehensive metabolomics and echocardiography index was performed for a therapeutic evaluation. The wiff data were processed using Progenesis QI and metabolites were identified based on the database of HMDB and LIPIDMAPS. Meanwhile, the untargeted metabolomics data from LC-MS combined with correlation analysis to characterize the metabolic alterations. RESULTS The metabolomics profiles of different groups in different biological samples (heart, serum, urine and feces) were significantly different, in which a total of 217 metabolites were identified. AMI caused comprehensive metabolic changes in amino acid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism and pyrimidine metabolism, while SBP reversed more than half of the differential metabolic changes, mainly affecting amino acid metabolism, butanoate metabolism and glycerophospholipid metabolism. Correlation analysis found that SBP could significantly alter the metabolic activity of six key metabolites (5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, glycerophosphocholine, PS (20:4/0:0), xanthosine, adenosine and L-phenylalanine) related to AMI. The key role of these metabolites was further validated with correlation analysis with echocardiography indexes. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that SBP was effective for protecting cardiac dysfunction by regulating amino acid, lipid and energy metabolisms. The results also suggested that the modulation on gut microbiota might be involved the cardioprotective effect of SBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaosong Wu
- Interdisciplinary Science Research Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Linlin Chen
- Interdisciplinary Science Research Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yu Gu
- Interdisciplinary Science Research Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ying Hong
- Interdisciplinary Science Research Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Junli Ma
- Interdisciplinary Science Research Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ningning Zheng
- Interdisciplinary Science Research Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jing Zhong
- Interdisciplinary Science Research Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Huzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, China
| | - Ai-Jun Liu
- Department of Phytochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Lili Sheng
- Interdisciplinary Science Research Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Science Research Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Department of Phytochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Houkai Li
- Interdisciplinary Science Research Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Anticoccidial Effect of Herbal Powder "Shi Ying Zi" in Chickens Infected with Eimeria tenella. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10091484. [PMID: 32846893 PMCID: PMC7552158 DOI: 10.3390/ani10091484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Herbal medicines are playing an increasingly important role in the control of poultry diseases. The present study demonstrated that the herbal powder “Shi Ying Zi” consisting of Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cuss, Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz., and sodium chloride could protect chickens from infection with Eimeria tenella through prophylactic or therapeutic administration. The “Shi Ying Zi” powder could improve the survival rate and relative growth rate with the anti-coccidial indexes of 165 (prophylactic effect) and 144 (therapeutic effect), which were equal to positive controls (monensin and sulfamlopyrazine). The “Shi Ying Zi” powder exhibits the potential to control E. tenella infection. Abstract Coccidiosis is one of the most economically important diseases affecting the poultry industry. Currently, anticoccidial drugs used in veterinary clinics show many deficiencies, and new control measures are urgently needed. This study presents an anticoccidial herbal powder “Shi Yin Zi”, which consists of Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cuss, Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz., and sodium chloride. In chickens infected with Eimeria tenella, supplementation with “Shi Yin Zi” powder for 3 d prior to infection or treatment with “Shi Yin Zi” powder after infection could improve the survival rate and relative growth rate and alleviate the pathological changes in the cecum, liver, and kidney. “Shi Yin Zi” powder could recover the levels of alanine aminotransferase, creatinine, albumin, and triglycerides in serum. The hemorrhage occurrence and total number of oocysts in feces were reduced. The anti-coccidial indexes reached 165 for the prophylactic effect and 144 for the therapeutic effect. The anti-coccidial effects were equal to positive controls (monensin and sulfamlopyrazine). These results suggest that “Shi Ying Zi” powder possesses a potent anticoccidial effect and exhibits the potential to control E. tenella infection.
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Li Z, Wu F, Hong Y, Shen L, Lin X, Feng Y. The Fundamental and Functional Property Differences Between HPMC and PVP Co-Processed Herbal Particles Prepared by Fluid Bed Coating. AAPS PharmSciTech 2020; 21:201. [PMID: 32676863 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-020-01739-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Core-shell composite particles (CPs) are the most preferred choice for direct compaction (DC), but their application in herbal tablets is limited. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) are usually employed as the shell materials, but there are few, if any, researches exploring the different effects of HPMC and PVP on the properties of herbal CPs. In this study, the CPs containing HPMC (CP X-H) and CPs containing PVP (CP X-P) were prepared based on herbal powders (X). Their physical properties were characterized comprehensively. The differences in properties between CP X-H and CP X-P were explored, and their mechanism analysis was also performed profoundly. The results demonstrated that (i) CP X-H and CP X-P exhibited similar flowability; (ii) CP X-H generally exhibited better compactibility, larger particle size, and more uniform particle size distribution, and lower bulk density, tap density, and hygroscopicity than CP X-P; (iii) compared with the tablets produced with CP X-P, ones with CP X-H exhibited similar weight variation (%), lower friability, and longer disintegration time. The mechanism analysis manifested that the differences in physical properties between HPMC and PVP were the important and fundamental factors, which led to the differences in structure and surface morphology of particles, and in fundamental properties of CPs. These findings are beneficial to the development of herbal core-shell CPs for DC.
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NMR-Based Metabonomic Study Reveals Intervention Effects of Polydatin on Potassium Oxonate-Induced Hyperuricemia in Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:6943860. [PMID: 32695259 PMCID: PMC7362289 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6943860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have disclosed the antihyperuricemic effect of polydatin, a natural precursor of resveratrol; however, the mechanisms of action still remain elusive. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the therapeutic effects and the underlying mechanisms of polydatin on potassium oxonate-induced hyperuricemia in rats through metabonomic technology from a holistic view. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was applied to capture the metabolic changes in sera and urine collected from rats induced by hyperuricemia and polydatin treatment. With multivariate data analysis, significant metabolic perturbations were observed in hyperuricemic rats compared with the healthy controls. A total of eleven and six metabolites were identified as differential metabolites related to hyperuricemia in serum and urine of rats, respectively. The proposed pathways primarily included branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism, glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies, purine metabolism, and intestinal microflora metabolism. Additionally, some metabolites indicated the risk of renal injury induced by hyperuricemia. Polydatin significantly lowered the levels of serum uric acid, creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen and alleviated the abnormal metabolic status in hyperuricemic rats by partially restoring the balance of the perturbed metabolic pathways. Our findings shed light on the understanding of the pathophysiological process of hyperuricemia and provided a reference for revealing the metabolic mechanism produced by polydatin in the treatment of hyperuricemia.
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Serum Metabolic Profiling Analysis of Gout Patients Treated with Traditional Chinese Medicine Tongfengtai Granules Based on Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:7404983. [PMID: 32419822 PMCID: PMC7201437 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7404983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Gout has become a public health problem that seriously threatens human health. Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have a long history of treating gout and have some advantages compared with the conventional medicines. Compound TCM Tongfengtai granules are gradually being used for clinical treatment of gout, but its mechanism is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore the metabolic profiling of serum from gout patients before and after treatment with Tongfengtai granules and identify the differential metabolites and related metabolic pathways. A total of 40 gout patients hospitalized in Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from 2018 to March 2019 were recruited in the current study, and serum samples from these patients before and after treatment with Tongfengtai granules were collected. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) assay was used to identify serum metabolites. The OPLS-DA VIP method was used to screen for potential metabolic biomarkers, and MetaboAnalyst 4.0 was used to identify related metabolic pathways. The result showed that there was a significant difference in the concentrations of six metabolites in the serum after treatment: D-galactose, lactic acid, 3-hydroxybutyric acid, D-pyran (type) glucose, alanine, and L-isoleucine. Except D-pyran (type) glucose, the serum concentrations of the other five metabolites were all significantly reduced. Besides, pathway enrichment analysis found that these potential metabolic biomarkers were mainly involved in lactose degradation and the glucose-alanine cycle. Thus, the serum metabolic profiling of gout patients treated with Tongfengtai granules changed, and the differential metabolites and related metabolic pathways might provide clues for understanding the mechanism of Tongfengtai granules.
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Yang J, Zhao S, Tian F. SP1-mediated lncRNA PVT1 modulates the proliferation and apoptosis of lens epithelial cells in diabetic cataract via miR-214-3p/MMP2 axis. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:554-561. [PMID: 31755246 PMCID: PMC6933388 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence illustrates the critical roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the diabetes. However, the deepgoing regulation of lncRNA PVT1 in the diabetic cataract (DC) is still unclear. Here, present research investigates the pathologic roles and underlying mechanism by which lncRNA PVT1 regulates the DC pathogenesis. Human lens epithelial (HLE) B-3 cells were induced by the high glucose (HG) to simulate the DC microenvironment models. Results revealed that lncRNA PVT1 expression was up-regulated in the HG-induced HLE B-3 cells as compared to the normal glucose group. Transcription factor SP1 could bind with the promoter region of PVT1 and activate its transcription. Functionally, PVT1 knock-down could repress the proliferation and promote the apoptosis of HLE B-3 cells. Mechanistically, PVT1 acted as the 'miRNA sponge' to target miR-214-3p/MMP2 axis. This finding revealed a novel insight of lncRNA PVT1 for the DC pathogenesis, providing an inspiration for the DC mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yang
- Tianjin Medical University Eye HospitalTianjin Medical University Eye Institute & Tianjin Medical University School of Optometry and OphthalmologyTianjinChina
| | - Shaozhen Zhao
- Tianjin Medical University Eye HospitalTianjin Medical University Eye Institute & Tianjin Medical University School of Optometry and OphthalmologyTianjinChina
| | - Fang Tian
- Tianjin Medical University Eye HospitalTianjin Medical University Eye Institute & Tianjin Medical University School of Optometry and OphthalmologyTianjinChina
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Qiu S, Zhang AH, Guan Y, Sun H, Zhang TL, Han Y, Yan GL, Wang XJ. Functional metabolomics using UPLC-Q/TOF-MS combined with ingenuity pathway analysis as a promising strategy for evaluating the efficacy and discovering amino acid metabolism as a potential therapeutic mechanism-related target for geniposide against alcoholic liver disease. RSC Adv 2020; 10:2677-2690. [PMID: 35496090 PMCID: PMC9048633 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra09305b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolomics has been used as a strategy to evaluate the efficacy of and potential targets for natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Qiu
- National Chinmedomics Research Center
- Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center
- National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry
- Metabolomics Laboratory
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
| | - Ai-hua Zhang
- National Chinmedomics Research Center
- Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center
- National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry
- Metabolomics Laboratory
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
| | - Yu Guan
- National Chinmedomics Research Center
- Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center
- National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry
- Metabolomics Laboratory
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
| | - Hui Sun
- National Chinmedomics Research Center
- Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center
- National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry
- Metabolomics Laboratory
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
| | - Tian-lei Zhang
- National Chinmedomics Research Center
- Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center
- National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry
- Metabolomics Laboratory
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
| | - Ying Han
- National Chinmedomics Research Center
- Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center
- National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry
- Metabolomics Laboratory
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
| | - Guang-li Yan
- National Chinmedomics Research Center
- Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center
- National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry
- Metabolomics Laboratory
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
| | - Xi-jun Wang
- National Chinmedomics Research Center
- Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center
- National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry
- Metabolomics Laboratory
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
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