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Zhang H, Liu Y, Zhang L, Tian Z, Zhang H, Jiang H. Rapid identification of chemical components and screening of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors from Dalbergia odorifera based on mass defect and diagnostic ion filtering strategy, affinity ultrafiltration, and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2024; 47:e2400288. [PMID: 39034832 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202400288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Dalbergia odorifera is a natural product rich in pharmacological ingredients, but the comprehensive characterization and rapid profiling of active components remain a challenge. Thus, an integrated data mining and identification strategy was exploited to efficiently identify the chemical constituents and screen acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) through affinity ultrafiltration and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (AUF-UHPLC-MS). As a result, polygonal mass defect filtering, diagnostic product ions, and neutral loss rules were created for rapid structural classification and component identification. A total of 140 flavonoids were tentatively characterized, including 41 isoflavonoids, 23 flavanones, 21 isoflavans, 19 flavones and flavonols, 13 neoflavonoids, 11 isoflavanones, seven flavone glycosides, and five chalcones. Subsequently, six natural AChEIs including tectorigenin, fisetin, dalbergin, pterostilbene, isoliquiritigenin, and biochanin A were screened out using AUF-UHPLC-MS and molecular docking. Meanwhile, the AChE inhibitory activities of the six compounds were assessed in vitro, tectorigenin, fisetinand, and dalbergin have moderate inhibitory activity. In conclusion, a novel strategy for systematic characterization and further screening of active compounds in natural products was established, which provides a material basis for quality control of Dalbergia odorifera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Zhang
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yuecheng Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Analysis, Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zhenhua Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Haiqiang Jiang
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Shandong Province Cardiovascular Disease TCM Precision Treatment Engineering Research Centre, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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Wang X, Hu T, Jiang Y, He Y, Li P, Peng W, Wang Y, Su W. Jingzhi Guanxin Oral Liquids Attenuate Atherosclerotic Coronary Heart Disease via Modulating Lipid Metabolism and PPAR-Related Targets. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:784. [PMID: 38931451 PMCID: PMC11206304 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Jingzhi Guanxin Oral Liquids (JZGX), a traditional Chinese medicine formulation prepared from the decoction of five herbs, has been utilized to relieve chest pain with coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the chemical composition and therapeutic mechanisms of JZGX remain obscured. In this research, the potential targets and pathways of JZGX against CAD were anticipated through network pharmacology based on analyzing its chemical constituents using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. One hundred seven ingredients in JZGX were identified. The 39 active chemicals and 37 key targets were screened, and CAD-related signaling pathways were clustered, mainly associated with lipid metabolism. Subsequently, the atherosclerotic CAD animal model employing 24 weeks of high-fat diet (HFD) ApoE-/- mice was constructed to investigate the JZGX efficacy and underlying mechanisms validating network forecasts. The histological staining examination and cardiovascular biomarker tests confirmed that JZGX reduced plaque formation in the aorta and decreased blood lipids in vivo. It featured anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic, and myocardial protective effects. JZGX prevented excessive lipid deposits and inflammation within the liver and exhibited hepatoprotective properties. Serum untargeted metabolomics analysis indicated that JZGX ameliorated metabolic abnormalities in atherosclerotic CAD mice and prompted lipid metabolism, especially linoleic acid. The PPARs and attached critical targets (SREBP1, FASN, PTGS2, and CYP3A), filtered from the networks and connected with lipid metabolism, were dramatically modulated through JZGX administration, as revealed by western blotting. The molecular docking outcomes showed that all 39 active ingredients in JZGX had good binding activity with PPARα and PPARγ. These findings illustrate that JZGX alleviates atherosclerotic CAD progression by remodeling the lipid metabolism and regulating PPAR-related proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Weiwei Su
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Reevaluation of Post-Market Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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Sun K, Li Z, Li W, Chi C, Wang M, Xu R, Gao Y, Li B, Sun Y, Liu R. Investigating the anti-atherosclerotic effects and potential mechanism of Dalbergia odorifera in ApoE-deficient mice using network pharmacology combined with metabolomics. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 242:116017. [PMID: 38387125 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Dalbergia odorifera (DO) is a precious rosewood species in Southern Asia, and its heartwood is used in China as an official plant for invigorating blood circulation and eliminating stasis. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of DO on atherosclerosis (AS), and further explore its active components and potential mechanisms. The apolipoprotein-E (ApoE)-deficient mice fed a high-fat diet were used as model animals, and the pathological changes in mice with or without DO treatment were compared to evaluate the pharmacodynamics of DO on AS. The mechanisms were preliminarily expounded by combining with metabolomics and network pharmacology. Moreover, the bioactive components and targets were assessed by cell experiments and molecular docking, respectively. Our findings suggested that DO significantly modulated blood lipid levels and alleviated intimal hyperplasia in atherosclerotic-lesioned mice, and the mechanisms may involve the regulation of 18 metabolites that changed during the progression of AS, thus affecting 3 major metabolic pathways and 3 major signaling pathways. Moreover, the interactions between 16 compounds with anti-proliferative effect and hub targets in the 3 signaling pathways were verified using molecular docking. Collectively, our findings preliminarily support the therapeutic effect of DO in atherosclerosis, meanwhile explore the active constituents and potential pharmacological mechanisms, which is conducive to its reasonable exploitation and utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Zongchao Li
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Wenjing Li
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Chenglin Chi
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Minjun Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Ruoxuan Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Shandong International Biotechnology Park Development Co., Ltd, Yantai, China
| | - Bing Li
- Shandong International Biotechnology Park Development Co., Ltd, Yantai, China
| | - Yiying Sun
- Shandong International Biotechnology Park Development Co., Ltd, Yantai, China
| | - Rongxia Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, China.
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Xu J, Wang Y, Wu K, Chen J. Identification and characterization of functionally relevant SSR markers in natural Dalbergia odorifera populations. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:315. [PMID: 38654191 PMCID: PMC11036651 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05019-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dalbergia odorifera is a rare and precious rosewood specie, which is valued for its amber tones, abstract figural patterns, and impermeability to water and insects. However, the information on genetic diversity and marker-assisted selection breeding of D. odorifera is still limited. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers are an ideal tool for genetic diversity analysis and marker-assisted molecular breeding for complex traits. RESULTS Here, we have developed SSR markers within candidate genes and used them to explore the genetic diversity among D. odorifera germplasm resources. A total of 635 SSR loci were identified. The proportions of mono-, di- and tri-nucleotide repeat motifs were 52.28%, 22.99% and 21.42%, respectively. From these, a total of 114 SSR primers were synthesized, of which 24 SSR markers displayed polymorphism (polymorphic information content (PIC) > 0.25). Subsequently, these polymorphic markers were used for the genetic diversity analysis of 106 D. odorifera individuals from 11 natural populations. According to the genetic diversity analysis of D. odorifera natural populations, the average observed heterozygosity (Ho) was 0.500, the average expected heterozygosity (He) was 0.524, and the average Shannon's information index (I) was 0.946. These indicated that the natural populations had moderate genetic diversity. AMOVA analysis showed that 5% of the total variation was within the individuals of a population, whereas 95% of the variation was among the individuals of the populations, indicating a high degree of genetic variation between populations. On the basis of their genetic structures, these populations could be divided into four groups. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides important experimental resources for genetic studies and assists in the program of molecular breeding of D. odorifera wood formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieru Xu
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education/Engineering Research Center of Rare and Precious Tree Species in Hainan Province, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Yue Wang
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education/Engineering Research Center of Rare and Precious Tree Species in Hainan Province, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Kunlin Wu
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education/Engineering Research Center of Rare and Precious Tree Species in Hainan Province, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Jinhui Chen
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya, China.
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education/Engineering Research Center of Rare and Precious Tree Species in Hainan Province, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China.
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Jiao N, Xu J, Wang Y, Li D, Chen F, Chen Y, Chen J. Genome-wide characterization of post-transcriptional processes related to wood formation in Dalbergia odorifera. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:372. [PMID: 38627613 PMCID: PMC11022335 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10300-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alternative polyadenylation (APA), alternative splicing (AS), and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play regulatory roles in post-transcriptional processes in plants. However, little is known about their involvement in xylem development in Dalbergia odorifera, a valuable rosewood species with medicinal and commercial significance. We addressed this by conducting Isoform Sequencing (Iso-Seq) using PacBio's SMRT technology and combined it with RNA-seq analysis (RNA sequencing on Illumina platform) after collecting xylem samples from the transition zone and the sapwood of D. odorifera. RESULTS We identified 14,938 full-length transcripts, including 9,830 novel isoforms, which has updated the D. odorifera genome annotation. Our analysis has revealed that 4,164 genes undergo APA, whereas 3,084 genes encounter AS. We have also annotated 118 lncRNAs. Furthermore, RNA-seq analysis identified 170 differential alternative splicing (DAS) events, 344 genes with differential APA site usage (DE-APA), and 6 differentially expressed lncRNAs in the transition zone when compared to the sapwood. AS, APA, and lncRNAs are differentially regulated during xylem development. Differentially expressed APA genes were enriched for terpenoid and flavonoid metabolism, indicating their role in the heartwood formation. Additionally, DE-APA genes were associated with cell wall biosynthesis and terpenoid metabolism, implying an APA's role in wood formation. A DAS gene (involved in chalcone accumulation) with a significantly greater inclusion of the last exon in the transition zone than in the sapwood was identified. We also found that differentially expressed lncRNAs targeted the genes related to terpene synthesis. CONCLUSIONS This study enhances our understanding of the molecular regulatory mechanisms underlying wood formation in D. odorifera, and provides valuable genetic resources and insights for its molecular-assisted breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanbo Jiao
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya, 572019, China
| | - Jieru Xu
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya, 572019, China
| | - Yue Wang
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya, 572019, China
| | - Dunxi Li
- Hainan Academy of Forestry (Hainan Academy of Mangrove), Haikou, 571100, China
| | - Feifei Chen
- Hainan Academy of Forestry (Hainan Academy of Mangrove), Haikou, 571100, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Hainan Academy of Forestry (Hainan Academy of Mangrove), Haikou, 571100, China
| | - Jinhui Chen
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya, 572019, China.
- Hainan Academy of Forestry (Hainan Academy of Mangrove), Haikou, 571100, China.
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Huang J, Lu D, Wu C, Pei D, Guo C, Guo H, Yu S, Gao B. Guanidinylated bioactive chitosan-based injectable hydrogels with pro-angiogenic and mechanical properties for accelerated wound closure. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:128943. [PMID: 38143070 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex process involving the concerted action of many genes and signaling pathways, with angiogenesis being crucial for expediting wound closure. Dressings that possess pro-angiogenic properties are increasingly recognized as attractive candidates for wound care. Drawing inspiration from the active closure of wounds in embryos, we have developed a thermo-responsive hydrogel with mechanoactive properties, combining vascular regeneration and skin wound contraction to accelerate healing. The significant improvement in vascular reconstruction is attributed to the synergistic effect of arginine and deferoxamine (DFO) released from the hydrogels. Additionally, the contraction force of the hydrogel actively promotes skin closure in wounds. Remarkably, groups treated with hydroxybutyl chitosan methacrylate combined with arginine (HBC_m_Arg/DFO) exhibited increased vascularization, and greater wound maturity, leading to enhanced healing. These results highlight the synergistic impact of pro-angiogenic and mechanical properties of the HBC_m_Arg/DFO hydrogel in accelerating wound healing in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Huang
- Institute of Biological and Medical Engineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Daohuan Lu
- Institute of Biological and Medical Engineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Caixia Wu
- Institute of Biological and Medical Engineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Dating Pei
- Institute of Biological and Medical Engineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Cuiping Guo
- Institute of Biological and Medical Engineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Huilong Guo
- Institute of Biological and Medical Engineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Shan Yu
- Institute of Biological and Medical Engineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Botao Gao
- Institute of Biological and Medical Engineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510632, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Healthcare Devices, Guangzhou 510632, PR China; Guangdong Key Lab of Medical Electronic Instruments and Polymer Material Products, Guangzhou 510632, PR China.
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Pan J, Zhang L, Li D, Li Y, Lu M, Hu Y, Sun B, Zhang Z, Li C. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1: Regulatory mechanisms and drug therapy in myocardial infarction. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 963:176277. [PMID: 38123007 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI), an acute cardiovascular disease characterized by coronary artery blockage, inadequate blood supply, and subsequent ischemic necrosis of the myocardium, is one of the leading causes of death. The cellular, physiological, and pathological responses following MI are complex, involving multiple intertwined pathological mechanisms. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), a crucial regulator of hypoxia, plays a significant role in of the development of MI by modulating the behavior of various cells such as cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, macrophages, and fibroblasts under hypoxic conditions. HIF-1 regulates various post-MI adaptive reactions to acute ischemia and hypoxia through various mechanisms. These mechanisms include angiogenesis, energy metabolism, oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and ventricular remodeling. With its crucial role in MI, HIF-1 is expected to significantly influence the treatment of MI. However, the drugs available for the treatment of MI targeting HIF-1 are currently limited, and most contain natural compounds. The development of precision-targeted drugs modulating HIF-1 has therapeutic potential for advancing MI treatment research and development. This study aimed to summarize the regulatory role of HIF-1 in the pathological responses of various cells following MI, the diverse mechanisms of action of HIF-1 in MI, and the potential drugs targeting HIF-1 for treating MI, thus providing the theoretical foundations for potential clinical therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyuan Pan
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Dongxiao Li
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Mengkai Lu
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Yuanlong Hu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Bowen Sun
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Chao Li
- Qingdao Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital (Qingdao Hiser Hospital), Qingdao, 266000, China.
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Cisse EHM, Jiang BH, Yin LY, Miao LF, Li DD, Zhou JJ, Yang F. Physio-biochemical and metabolomic responses of the woody plant Dalbergia odorifera to salinity and waterlogging. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:49. [PMID: 38216904 PMCID: PMC10787392 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04721-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trees have developed a broad spectrum of molecular mechanisms to counteract oxidative stress. Secondary metabolites via phenolic compounds emblematized the hidden bridge among plant kingdom, human health, and oxidative stress. Although studies have demonstrated that abiotic stresses can increase the production of medicinal compounds in plants, research comparing the efficiency of these stresses still needs to be explored. Thus, the present research paper provided an exhaustive comparative metabolomic study in Dalbergia odorifera under salinity (ST) and waterlogging (WL). RESULTS High ST reduced D. odorifera's fresh biomass compared to WL. While WL only slightly affected leaf and vein size, ST had a significant negative impact. ST also caused more significant damage to water status and leaflet anatomy than WL. As a result, WL-treated seedlings exhibited better photosynthesis and an up-regulation of nonenzymatic pathways involved in scavenging reactive oxygen species. The metabolomic and physiological responses of D. odorifera under WL and salinity ST stress revealed an accumulation of secondary metabolites by the less aggressive stress (WL) to counterbalance the oxidative stress. Under WL, more metabolites were more regulated compared to ST. ST significantly altered the metabolite profile in D. odorifera leaflets, indicating its sensitivity to salinity. WL synthesized more metabolites involved in phenylpropanoid, flavone, flavonol, flavonoid, and isoflavonoid pathways than ST. Moreover, the down-regulation of L-phenylalanine correlated with increased p-coumarate, caffeate, and ferulate associated with better cell homeostasis and leaf anatomical indexes under WL. CONCLUSIONS From a pharmacological and medicinal perspective, WL improved larger phenolics with therapeutic values compared to ST. Therefore, the data showed evidence of the crucial role of medical tree species' adaptability on ROS detoxification under environmental stresses that led to a significant accumulation of secondary metabolites with therapeutic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- El- Hadji Malick Cisse
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, Haikou, 570228, China
| | | | - Li-Yan Yin
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Ling-Feng Miao
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
- School of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Da-Dong Li
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Jing-Jing Zhou
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Fan Yang
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, Haikou, 570228, China.
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Wang C, Gong B, Wu Y, Bai C, Yang M, Zhao X, Wei J. Pharmacokinetics and molecular docking of the cardioprotective flavonoids in Dalbergia odorifera. J Sep Sci 2024; 47:e2300614. [PMID: 38066409 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202300614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to investigate the cardioprotective effects and pharmacokinetics of Dalbergia odorifera flavonoids. The cardioprotective effects were detected by hematoxylin-eosin staining histopathological observations and the detection of myocardial enzymes by kits in serum, peroxidation and antioxidant levels and ATPase activities by kits in the homogenate supernatant, and antioxidant and apoptosis-related protein expression in heart tissue by immunohistochemistry. The pharmacokinetics parameters of the flavonoids in rat plasma were investigated by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Molecular docking of the compounds absorbed by the blood with specific proteins was carried out. D. odorifera flavonoids significantly reduced the levels of creatinine kinase, alanine transaminase, nitric oxide, and Hydrogen peroxide, elevated the levels of glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and ATPase, significantly reduced the pathological degree of heart tissue and had obvious anti-myocardial ischemia efficacy. Nine out of the 17 flavonoids were detected in rat plasma. The peak concentration and the area under the plasma concentration-time curve values of 3'-O-methylviolanone and sativanone were significantly higher than those of other ingredients. The peak time of most flavonoids (except for Genistein and Pruneion) was lower than 2 h, while the half-life of elimination of the nine flavonoids ranged from 3.32 to 21.5 h. The molecular docking results showed that daidzein, dalbergin, formononetin, and genistein had the potential to bind to the target proteins. The results of the study provide an important basis for understanding the cardioprotective effects and clinical application of D. odorifera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canhong Wang
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Conservation and Development of Southern Medicine, Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Haikou, China
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming, China
| | - Bao Gong
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Conservation and Development of Southern Medicine, Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Yulan Wu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Conservation and Development of Southern Medicine, Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Congwen Bai
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Conservation and Development of Southern Medicine, Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Meihua Yang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangsheng Zhao
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Conservation and Development of Southern Medicine, Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Jianhe Wei
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Conservation and Development of Southern Medicine, Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Haikou, China
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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He W, Sun Y, Zhang S, Li J, Feng J, Yang Y, Meng H, Zhang Z. Correlation between Colour Traits and Intrinsic Quality of Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum. Molecules 2023; 28:7635. [PMID: 38005357 PMCID: PMC10674628 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Dalbergia odorifera T. Chen is traditionally referred to as "Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum" in traditional Chinese medicine. Its quality is typically assessed subjectively based on colour and texture observations and lacks a universal grading system. Our objective was to establish a relationship between heartwood colour and the content of key constituents, including total flavonoids, six specific flavonoids, alcohol-soluble extracts, and volatile oils, to assess their impact on heartwood quality. Substantial correlations were observed between the colour depth (L*), red-green direction (a*), and yellow-blue direction (b*), as well as the content of the extract, volatile oil, total flavonoids, naringenin, formononetin, pinocembrin, and isoliquiritigenin. Specifically, a* was correlated with the extract, total flavonoids, and isoliquiritigenin, whereas b* was correlated with the extract, volatile oil, total flavonoids, naringenin, formononetin, pinocembrin, and isoliquiritigenin. The results suggested that L*, b*, and chemical composition indices, such as extract, volatile oil, total flavonoids, and naringenin, could serve as primary criteria for classifying the quality of medicinal materials. This is consistent with market classification based on colour and texture, which facilitates material identification and guides the cultivation, harvesting, and processing of D. odorifera. This study provides a scientific foundation for its future development and use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie He
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; (W.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Resources Conservation and Development of Southern Medicine of Hainan Province & Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Haikou 570311, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Hainan Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Sanya 572000, China
| | - Sai Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; (W.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Resources Conservation and Development of Southern Medicine of Hainan Province & Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Haikou 570311, China
| | - Jiawen Li
- Key Laboratory of Resources Conservation and Development of Southern Medicine of Hainan Province & Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Haikou 570311, China
| | - Jixing Feng
- Key Laboratory of Resources Conservation and Development of Southern Medicine of Hainan Province & Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Haikou 570311, China
| | - Yun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resources Conservation and Development of Southern Medicine of Hainan Province & Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Haikou 570311, China
| | - Hui Meng
- Key Laboratory of Resources Conservation and Development of Southern Medicine of Hainan Province & Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Haikou 570311, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; (W.H.)
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Wang W, Chen B, Ma R, Qiao M, Fu Y. The DNA barcode identification of Dalbergia odorifera T. Chen and Dalbergia tonkinensis Prain. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:546. [PMID: 37936056 PMCID: PMC10629101 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04513-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dalbergia odorifera is a precious tree species with unique economic and medicinal values, which is difficult to distinguish from Dalbergia tonkinensis by traditional identification methods such as morphological characteristics and wood structure characteristics. It has been demonstrated that the identification of tree species can be effectively achieved using DNA barcoding, but there is a lack of study of the combined sequences used as DNA barcodes in the two tree species. In this study, 10 single sequences and 4 combined sequences were selected for analysis, and the identification effect of each sequence was evaluated by the distance-based method, BLAST-based search, character-based method, and tree-based method. RESULTS Among the single sequences and the combined sequences, the interspecies distance of trnH-psbA and ITS2 + trnH-psbA was greater than the intraspecies distance, and there was no overlap in their frequency distribution plots. The results of the Wilcoxon signed-rank test for the interspecies distance of each sequence showed that the interspecies differences of the single sequences except trnL-trnF, trnH-psbA, and ycf3 were significantly smaller than those of the combined sequences. The results of BLAST analysis showed that trnH-psbA could accurately identify D. odorifera and D. tonkinensis at the species level. In the character-based method, single sequences of trnL-trnF, trnH-psbA with all the combined sequences can be used for the identification of D. odorifera and D. tonkinensis. In addition, the neighbor-joining (NJ) trees constructed based on trnH-psbA and ITS2 + trnH-psbA were able to cluster D. odorifera and D. tonkinensis on two clades. CONCLUSIONS The results showed that the character-based method with the BLOG algorithm was the most effective among all the evaluation methods, and the combined sequences can improve the ability to identify tree species compared with single sequences. Finally, the trnH-psbA and ITS2 + trnH-psbA were proposed as DNA barcodes to identify D. odorifera and D. tonkinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Cultivation of Fast-Growing Timber in Central South China, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Baixu Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Cultivation of Fast-Growing Timber in Central South China, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Ruoke Ma
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Cultivation of Fast-Growing Timber in Central South China, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Mengji Qiao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Cultivation of Fast-Growing Timber in Central South China, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
| | - Yunlin Fu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Cultivation of Fast-Growing Timber in Central South China, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
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Wu L, Fan Z, Gu L, Liu J, Cui Z, Yu B, Kou J, Li F. QiShenYiQi dripping pill alleviates myocardial ischemia-induced ferroptosis via improving mitochondrial dynamical homeostasis and biogenesis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 308:116282. [PMID: 36806343 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE QiShenYiQi is a Chinese herbal formula composed of Astragalus membranaceus Fisch. ex Bunge, root; Slauia miltiorrhiza Bunge, root and rhizome; Panax notoginseng (Burkill) F.H.Chen, root; and Dalbergia odorifera T.C.Chen, heartwood of trunk and root with a proportion of 10:5:1:0.067. Its dripping pills were approved by the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) in 2003 and could be used in the clinical treatment of ischemic heart diseases. Ferroptosis is an important pathological mechanism in the process of myocardial ischemia (MI). Whether QSYQ can improve ferroptosis induced by myocardial ischemia is still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY In this study, the potential mechanisms of QSYQ against ferroptosis in MI-induced injury were investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS The main components of QSYQ were analyzed by HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. MI model was established by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery and then treated with QSYQ dropping pills for 14 days. The cardiac function of mice was evaluated by echocardiography. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and Masson's trichrome staining were used to detect the pathological changes in heart tissue. Serum biochemical indexes were analyzed by biochemical kit. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) was used to observe the mitochondria ultrastructure and mitochondrial ROS was detected by immunofluorescence. Then, photoacoustic imaging was used to observe the redox status of the mice' hearts. Finally, the mitochondrial dynamics and biogenesis related proteins and the proteins of ferroptosis were analyzed by western blotting. RT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression changes of ferroptosis. RESULTS A total of 20 principal components of QSYQ were characterized by HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. QSYQ significantly improved cardiac function and myocardial injury in MI mice. Furthermore, the lipid peroxidation change levels (MDA, 4-HNE, and GSH) in serum were attenuated and myocardial iron content was reduced after QSYQ treatment. On this basis, QSYQ also improved the expression changes of ferroptosis related mRNA and proteins. In addition, QSYQ promoted mitochondrial biogenesis (PGC-1α, Nrf1, and TFAM) and mitochondrial fusion (MFN-2 and OPA1) and inhibited mitochondrial excessive fission (Phosphorylation of Drp1 at ser616) in vitro and in vivo, indicating that the cardioprotection of QSYQ might be related to promoting mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamic homeostasis. CONCLUSION In summary, QSYQ could alleviate MI-induced ferroptosis by improving mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Research Center for Traceability and Standardization of TCMs, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China.
| | - Zhaoyang Fan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Research Center for Traceability and Standardization of TCMs, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China.
| | - Lifei Gu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Jincheng Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Research Center for Traceability and Standardization of TCMs, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China.
| | - Zekun Cui
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Research Center for Traceability and Standardization of TCMs, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China.
| | - Boyang Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Research Center for Traceability and Standardization of TCMs, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China.
| | - Junping Kou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Research Center for Traceability and Standardization of TCMs, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China.
| | - Fang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Research Center for Traceability and Standardization of TCMs, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China.
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Wang ZK, Liu Y, Zheng HY, Tang MQ, Xie SQ. Comparative Analysis of Codon Usage Patterns in Nuclear and Chloroplast Genome of Dalbergia (Fabaceae). Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14051110. [PMID: 37239470 DOI: 10.3390/genes14051110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The Dalbergia plants are widely distributed across more than 130 tropical and subtropical countries and have significant economic and medicinal value. Codon usage bias (CUB) is a critical feature for studying gene function and evolution, which can provide a better understanding of biological gene regulation. In this study, we comprehensively analyzed the CUB patterns of the nuclear genome, chloroplast genome, and gene expression, as well as systematic evolution of Dalbergia species. Our results showed that the synonymous and optimal codons in the coding regions of both nuclear and chloroplast genome of Dalbergia preferred ending with A/U at the third codon base. Natural selection was the primary factor affecting the CUB features. Furthermore, in highly expressed genes of Dalbergia odorifera, we found that genes with stronger CUB exhibited higher expression levels, and these highly expressed genes tended to favor the use of G/C-ending codons. In addition, the branching patterns of the protein-coding sequences and the chloroplast genome sequences were very similar in the systematic tree, and different with the cluster from the CUB of the chloroplast genome. This study highlights the CUB patterns and features of Dalbergia species in different genomes, explores the correlation between CUB preferences and gene expression, and further investigates the systematic evolution of Dalbergia, providing new insights into codon biology and the evolution of Dalbergia plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zu-Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants (Ministry of Education), Hainan Key Laboratory for Biology of Tropical Ornamental Plant Germplasm, School of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants (Ministry of Education), Hainan Key Laboratory for Biology of Tropical Ornamental Plant Germplasm, School of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Hao-Yue Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants (Ministry of Education), Hainan Key Laboratory for Biology of Tropical Ornamental Plant Germplasm, School of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Min-Qiang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants (Ministry of Education), Hainan Key Laboratory for Biology of Tropical Ornamental Plant Germplasm, School of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Shang-Qian Xie
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants (Ministry of Education), Hainan Key Laboratory for Biology of Tropical Ornamental Plant Germplasm, School of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
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14
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Zan NL, Lu ZH, Wang XY, Wang RY, Liang NY, Huo HX, Zhao YF, Song YL, Tu PF, Zheng J, Li J. Anti-inflammatory flavonoid derivatives from the heartwood of Dalbergia odorifera T. Chen. Nat Prod Res 2023; 37:928-935. [PMID: 35822397 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2098494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Two pairs of flavonoid enantiomers (1a/1b and 2a/2b) together with three known analogues (3-5) were isolated from the heartwood of Dalbergia odorifera T. Chen. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis (1 D and 2 D NMR, UV, IR, and HRMS) and experimental and calculated ECD data. Compound 2 features an unusual 2-methyl-3(2H)-furanone moiety forming the C-ring of flavonoid, and its putative biosynthetic pathway is also proposed. Compounds 3‒5 exhibited significant inhibition of nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells with IC50 values of 14.7 ± 0.3 μM, 40.2 ± 1.1 μM, and 3.2 ± 0.1 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni-Li Zan
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Han Lu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Yu Wang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong-Ye Wang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Nai-Yun Liang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Xia Huo
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Fang Zhao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue-Lin Song
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng-Fei Tu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiao Zheng
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Wang Y, Xu J, Zhao W, Li J, Chen J. Genome-wide identification, characterization, and genetic diversity of CCR gene family in Dalbergia odorifera. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1064262. [PMID: 36600926 PMCID: PMC9806228 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1064262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lignin is a complex aromatic polymer plays major biological roles in maintaining the structure of plants and in defending them against biotic and abiotic stresses. Cinnamoyl-CoA reductase (CCR) is the first enzyme in the lignin-specific biosynthetic pathway, catalyzing the conversion of hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA into hydroxy cinnamaldehyde. Dalbergia odorifera T. Chen is a rare rosewood species for furniture, crafts and medicine. However, the CCR family genes in D. odorifera have not been identified, and their function in lignin biosynthesis remain uncertain. METHODS AND RESULTS Here, a total of 24 genes, with their complete domains were identified. Detailed sequence characterization and multiple sequence alignment revealed that the DoCCR protein sequences were relatively conserved. They were divided into three subfamilies and were unevenly distributed on 10 chromosomes. Phylogenetic analysis showed that seven DoCCRs were grouped together with functionally characterized CCRs of dicotyledons involved in developmental lignification. Synteny analysis showed that segmental and tandem duplications were crucial in the expansion of CCR family in D. odorifera, and purifying selection emerged as the main force driving these genes evolution. Cis-acting elements in the putative promoter regions of DoCCRs were mainly associated with stress, light, hormones, and growth/development. Further, analysis of expression profiles from the RNA-seq data showed distinct expression patterns of DoCCRs among different tissues and organs, as well as in response to stem wounding. Additionally, 74 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were identified within 19 DoCCRs, located in the intron or untranslated regions (UTRs), and mononucleotide predominated. A pair of primers with high polymorphism and good interspecific generality was successfully developed from these SSRs, and 7 alleles were amplified in 105 wild D. odorifera trees from 17 areas covering its whole native distribution. DISCUSSION Overall, this study provides a basis for further functional dissection of CCR gene families, as well as breeding improvement for wood properties and stress resistance in D. odorifera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, School of Forestry, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education/Engineering Research Center of Rare and Precious Tree Species in Hainan Province, School of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Jieru Xu
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, School of Forestry, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education/Engineering Research Center of Rare and Precious Tree Species in Hainan Province, School of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Wenxiu Zhao
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, School of Forestry, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education/Engineering Research Center of Rare and Precious Tree Species in Hainan Province, School of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Jia Li
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, School of Forestry, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education/Engineering Research Center of Rare and Precious Tree Species in Hainan Province, School of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Jinhui Chen
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, School of Forestry, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education/Engineering Research Center of Rare and Precious Tree Species in Hainan Province, School of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Research Institute of Forestry, Hainan Academy of Forestry (Hainan Academy of Mangrove), Haikou, China
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Zhang J, Ding W, Tang Z, Kong Y, Liu J, Cao X. Identification of the effective α-amylase inhibitors from Dalbergia odorifera: Virtual screening, spectroscopy, molecular docking, and molecular dynamic simulation. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 280:121448. [PMID: 35717927 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Inhibiting the activity of α-amylase has been considered as one efficient way to prevent and treat type 2 diabetes recently. Dalbergia odorifera, a kind of Leguminosae plant, has a positive therapeutic effect on type 2 diabetes, possibly contributing by some constituents that can inhibit the activity of α-amylase. In this study, we found that eriodictyol was one potential constituent through virtual screening. The interaction mode between eriodictyol and α-amylase was elucidated by molecular docking, multi-spectroscopic analysis, and molecular dynamic simulation. The results revealed that eriodictyol quenched the intrinsic fluorescence of α-amylase, and the quenching mode was static quenching. Eriodictyol could spontaneously interact with α-amylase, mostly stabilized and influenced by the hydrophobic interaction, while the binding sites (n) was 1.13 ± 0.07 and binding constant (Kb) was (1.43 ± 0.14) × 105 at 310 K, respectively. In addition, FT-IR and CD had been applied to identify that eriodictyol can trigger the conformational change of α-amylase. Taken together, the results provided some experimental data for developing new α-amylase inhibitors from Dalbergia odorifera, which may further prevent and treat diabetes and diabetes complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhang
- School of Life Science, Liaoning University, 66 Chongshan Middle Road, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Weizhe Ding
- School of Life Science, Liaoning University, 66 Chongshan Middle Road, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Zhipeng Tang
- School of Life Science, Liaoning University, 66 Chongshan Middle Road, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Yuchi Kong
- School of Life Science, Liaoning University, 66 Chongshan Middle Road, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Jianli Liu
- School of Life Science, Liaoning University, 66 Chongshan Middle Road, Shenyang 110036, China.
| | - Xiangyu Cao
- School of Life Science, Liaoning University, 66 Chongshan Middle Road, Shenyang 110036, China.
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Chen L, Pan L, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Su Y, Luo Y, Wu Z, Zheng W, Cai S, Liu X, Wu X. Qishen Yiqi dropping pills improve cardiomyocyte hypertrophy via the lncRNA TINCR/miR-193b-3p/RORA axis. J Thorac Dis 2022; 14:4372-4383. [PMID: 36524095 PMCID: PMC9745534 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-22-1322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was designed to explore the therapeutic effect and mechanism of action of Qishen Yiqi dropping pills (QYDP) in chronic heart failure (CHF) via a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)-microRNA (miRNA)-messenger RNA (mRNA) axis. Here, the mechanism of action of the lncRNA terminal differentiation-induced non-coding RNA (TINCR), miR-193b-3p, and RAR-related orphan receptor A (RORA) mRNA was analyzed in an angiotensin (Ang) II-induced H9C2 cardiomyocyte hypertrophy model treated with QYDP. METHODS Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to analyze the gene expression changes of lncRNA, miRNA, and mRNA in H9C2 induced by QYDP on Ang II. The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) was used to analyze differentially expressed genes (DEGs) potentially affecting CHF progression. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) was used to analyze the effect of QYDP on the proliferation of H9C2, RNA pull-down was used to analyze the binding of lncRNA and miRNA, and dual luciferase was used to analyze the targeting of miRNA and lncRNA or mRNA. RESULTS Ang II induced TINCR and RORA downregulation, miR-193b-3p upregulation, and hypertrophy in the H9C2 cardiomyocytes, which were alleviated by QYDP. In contrast, TINCR inhibition reversed the effects of QYDP by increasing miR-193b-3p expression and downregulating RORA expression. According to subsequent double luciferase and RNA pull-down experiments, TINCR adsorbed miR-193b-3p by acting as a competitive endogenous RNA sponge and miR-193b-3p directly targeted RORA. Lastly, we showed that the Ang-II-induced inhibition of TINCR and RORA expression and promotion of cardiac hypertrophy were both reversed by a TINCR overexpression plasmid (ov-TINCR), whereas the effects of ov-TINCR were suppressed by a miR-193b-3p mimic. CONCLUSIONS Administration of QYDP improves Ang II-induced H9C2 cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and increase cell proliferation rate through the TINCR/miR-193b-3p/RORA axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Lihua Pan
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Yuansheng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Yuewu Chen
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Yangshen Su
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Ying Luo
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Zengfan Wu
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Wanling Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Shikang Cai
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Xianxia Liu
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
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Transcriptomics and Metabolomics Analyses Reveal Defensive Responses and Flavonoid Biosynthesis of Dracaena cochinchinensis (Lour.) S. C. Chen under Wound Stress in Natural Conditions. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144514. [PMID: 35889387 PMCID: PMC9320494 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Dracaena cochinchinensis has special defensive reactions against wound stress. Under wound stress, D. cochinchinensis generates a resin that is an important medicine known as dragon’s blood. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the defensive reactions is unclear. Metabolomics and transcriptomics analyses were performed on stems of D. cochinchinensis at different timepoints from the short term to the long term after wounding. According to the 378 identified compounds, wound-induced secondary metabolic processes exhibited three-phase characteristics: short term (0–5 days), middle term (10 days–3 months), and long term (6–17 months). The wound-induced transcriptome profile exhibited characteristics of four stages: within 24 h, 1–5 days, 10–30 days, and long term. The metabolic regulation in response to wound stress mainly involved the TCA cycle, glycolysis, starch and sucrose metabolism, phenylalanine biosynthesis, and flavonoid biosynthesis, along with some signal transduction pathways, which were all well connected. Flavonoid biosynthesis and modification were the main reactions against wound stress, mainly comprising 109 flavonoid metabolites and 93 wound-induced genes. A group of 21 genes encoding CHS, CHI, DFR, PPO, OMT, LAR, GST, and MYBs were closely related to loureirin B and loureirin C. Wound-induced responses at the metabolome and transcriptome level exhibited phase characteristics. Complex responses containing primary metabolism and flavonoid biosynthesis are involved in the defense mechanism against wound stress in natural conditions, and flavonoid biosynthesis and modification are the main strategies of D. cochinchinensis in the long-term responses to wound stress.
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Cuong NM, Son NT, Nhan NT, Fukuyama Y, Ahmed A, Saponara S, Trezza A, Gianibbi B, Vigni G, Spiga O, Fusi F. Vietnamese Dalbergia tonkinensis: A Promising Source of Mono- and Bifunctional Vasodilators. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144505. [PMID: 35889386 PMCID: PMC9324545 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, which are the main cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. In the search for new molecules capable of targeting KCa1.1 and CaV1.2 channels, the expression of which is altered in hypertension, the in vitro vascular effects of a series of flavonoids extracted from the heartwoods, roots, and leaves of Dalbergia tonkinensis Prain, widely used in traditional medicine, were assessed. Rat aorta rings, tail artery myocytes, and docking and molecular dynamics simulations were used to analyse their effect on these channels. Formononetin, orobol, pinocembrin, and biochanin A showed a marked myorelaxant activity, particularly in rings stimulated by moderate rather than high KCl concentrations. Ba2+ currents through CaV1.2 channels (IBa1.2) were blocked in a concentration-dependent manner by sativanone, 3′-O-methylviolanone, pinocembrin, and biochanin A, while it was stimulated by ambocin. Sativanone, dalsissooside, and eriodictyol inhibited, while tectorigenin 7-O-[β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside], ambocin, butin, and biochanin A increased IKCa1.1. In silico analyses showed that biochanin A, sativanone, and pinocembrin bound with high affinity in target-sensing regions of both channels, providing insight into their potential mechanism of action. In conclusion, Dalbergia tonkinensis is a valuable source of mono- and bifunctional, vasoactive scaffolds for the development of novel antihypertensive drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Manh Cuong
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi 122100, Vietnam
- Correspondence: (N.M.C.); (F.F.)
| | - Ninh The Son
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi 122100, Vietnam;
| | - Ngu Truong Nhan
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, 567 Le Duan, Ea Tam, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam;
| | - Yoshiyasu Fukuyama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima 770-8514, Japan;
| | - Amer Ahmed
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università di Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy; (A.A.); (S.S.)
| | - Simona Saponara
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università di Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy; (A.A.); (S.S.)
| | - Alfonso Trezza
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy; (A.T.); (B.G.); (G.V.); (O.S.)
| | - Beatrice Gianibbi
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy; (A.T.); (B.G.); (G.V.); (O.S.)
| | - Ginevra Vigni
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy; (A.T.); (B.G.); (G.V.); (O.S.)
| | - Ottavia Spiga
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy; (A.T.); (B.G.); (G.V.); (O.S.)
| | - Fabio Fusi
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy; (A.T.); (B.G.); (G.V.); (O.S.)
- Correspondence: (N.M.C.); (F.F.)
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20
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Identification of active compounds and molecular mechanisms of Dalbergia tsoi Merr.et Chun to accelerate wound healing. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 150:112990. [PMID: 35462335 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
As a traditional Chinese medicine, Dalbergia tsoi Merr.et Chun (JZX) has been used for the treatment of wounds since ancient times. However, the active compounds and molecular mechanisms of JZX in the acceleration of wound healing are still unknown. Herein, we explored the main active compounds and key molecular mechanisms by which JZX accelerates wound healing. The ethanol extract of JZX was subjected to UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS analysis to identify the main compounds. The pharmacological effect of JZX on wound healing was evaluated using a mouse excision wound model. Network pharmacology was utilized to predict the effective compounds and related signal transduction pathways of JZX that were involved in accelerating wound healing. The predicted key signaling pathways were then validated by immunohistochemical analysis. Interactions between the active compounds and therapeutic targets were confirmed by molecular docking analysis. JZX accelerated wound healing, improved tissue quality, and inhibited inflammation and oxidative stress. Moreover, our results suggested that the active components of JZX, such as butin, eriodyctiol, and formononetin, are the key compounds that facilitate wound treatment. Our studies also indicated that JZX accelerated wound healing by regulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and inducing the expression of TGF-β1, FGF2, VEGFA, ECM1, and α-SMA at different stages of skin wound healing. The JZX extract accelerates wound healing by reducing inflammation and inhibiting oxidative stress, regulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, and promoting the expression of growth factors, suggesting that JZX has potential clinical applicability in wound treatment.
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21
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Huo M, Peng S, Li J, Cao Y, Chen Z, Zhang Y, Qiao Y. Comparison of the clinical effect features of Han-Ku-Gan and Wen-Xin-Gan based on the efficacy of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis. JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcms.2022.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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22
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Zhao W, Meng X, Xu J, Liu Z, Hu Y, Li B, Chen J, Cao B. Integrated mRNA and Small RNA Sequencing Reveals microRNAs Associated With Xylem Development in Dalbergia odorifera. Front Genet 2022; 13:883422. [PMID: 35547261 PMCID: PMC9081728 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.883422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dalbergia odorifera is a rare and precious rosewood specie, whose wood is a very high-quality material for valuable furniture and carving crafts. However, limited information is available about the process of wood formation in D. odorifera. To determine genes that might be closely associated with the xylem differentiation process, we analyzed the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) from specific xylem tissues of D. odorifera by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and small RNA sequencing (small RNA-seq). In total, we obtained 134,221,955 clean reads from RNA-seq and 90,940,761 clean reads from small RNA-seq. By comparing the transition zone (Dotz) and sapwood (Dosw) samples, a total of 395 DEGs were identified. Further analysis revealed that DEGs encoded for WRKY transcription factors (eight genes), lignin synthesis (PER47, COMT, CCR2), cell wall composition (UXS2), gibberellin synthesis (KAO2, GA20OX1), jasmonic acid synthesis (OPR2, CYP74A), and synthesis of flavonoids (PAL2) and terpenoids (CYP71A1). Subsequently, a preliminary analysis by small RNA-seq showed that the expressions of 14 miRNAs (such as miR168a-5p, miR167f-5p, miR167h-5p, miR167e, miR390a, miR156g, novel_52, and novel_9) were significantly different between Dotz and Dosw. Further analysis revealed that the target genes of these differentially expressed miRNAs were enriched in the GO terms "amino acid binding," "cellulase activity," and "DNA beta-glucosyltransferase activity". Further, KEGG pathway annotation showed significant enrichment in "fatty acid elongation" and "biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids". These processes might be participating in the xylem differentiation of D. odorifera. Next, expression correlation analysis showed that nine differentially expressed miRNAs were significantly negatively associated with 21 target genes, which encoded for proteins such as pyrH, SPL6, SPL12, GCS1, and ARF8. Overall, this is the first study on miRNAs and their potential functions in the xylem development of D. odorifera, which provides a stepping stone for a detailed functional investigation of D. odorifera miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education/Engineering Research Center of Rare and Precious Tree Species in Hainan Province, School of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, China
| | - Xiangxu Meng
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education/Engineering Research Center of Rare and Precious Tree Species in Hainan Province, School of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, China
| | - Jiahong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education/Engineering Research Center of Rare and Precious Tree Species in Hainan Province, School of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Zijia Liu
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, China
| | - Yangyang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education/Engineering Research Center of Rare and Precious Tree Species in Hainan Province, School of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Bingyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education/Engineering Research Center of Rare and Precious Tree Species in Hainan Province, School of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Jinhui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education/Engineering Research Center of Rare and Precious Tree Species in Hainan Province, School of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, China
| | - Bing Cao
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, China
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23
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Wu HY, Wong KH, Kong BLH, Siu TY, But GWC, Tsang SSK, Lau DTW, Shaw PC. Comparative Analysis of Chloroplast Genomes of Dalbergia Species for Identification and Phylogenetic Analysis. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11091109. [PMID: 35567110 PMCID: PMC9104903 DOI: 10.3390/plants11091109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Dalbergia L.f. is a pantropical genus consisting of 269 species of trees, shrubs, and woody lianas. This genus is listed in CITES Appendices because of illegal logging and trafficking driven by the high economic value of its heartwood. Some species are also used medicinally. Species identification of Dalbergia timber and herbs is challenging but essential for CITES implementation. Molecular methods had been developed for some timber species, mostly from Madagascar and Southeast Asia, but medicinal species in south China were usually not included in those studies. Here, we sequenced and assembled the chloroplast genomes of five Dalbergia species native to Hong Kong, four of which are medicinal plants. Our aim is to find potential genetic markers for the identification of medicinal Dalbergia species based on divergence hotspots detected in chloroplast genomes after comparative and phylogenetic analysis. Dalbergia chloroplast genomes displayed the typical quadripartite structure, with the 50 kb inversion found in most Papilionoideae lineages. Their sizes and gene content are well conserved. Phylogenetic tree of Dalbergia chloroplast genomes showed an overall topology similar to that of ITS sequences. Four divergence hotspots (trnL(UAA)-trnT(UGU), ndhG-ndhI, ycf1a and ycf1b) were identified and candidate markers for identification of several Dalbergia species were suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoi-Yan Wu
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin R & D Centre for Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China; (H.-Y.W.); (B.L.-H.K.)
| | - Kwan-Ho Wong
- Shiu-Ying Hu Herbarium, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China; (K.-H.W.); (T.-Y.S.); (D.T.-W.L.)
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China; (G.W.-C.B.); (S.S.-K.T.)
| | - Bobby Lim-Ho Kong
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin R & D Centre for Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China; (H.-Y.W.); (B.L.-H.K.)
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China; (G.W.-C.B.); (S.S.-K.T.)
| | - Tin-Yan Siu
- Shiu-Ying Hu Herbarium, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China; (K.-H.W.); (T.-Y.S.); (D.T.-W.L.)
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Grace Wing-Chiu But
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China; (G.W.-C.B.); (S.S.-K.T.)
| | - Stacey Shun-Kei Tsang
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China; (G.W.-C.B.); (S.S.-K.T.)
| | - David Tai-Wai Lau
- Shiu-Ying Hu Herbarium, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China; (K.-H.W.); (T.-Y.S.); (D.T.-W.L.)
| | - Pang-Chui Shaw
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin R & D Centre for Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China; (H.-Y.W.); (B.L.-H.K.)
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China; (G.W.-C.B.); (S.S.-K.T.)
- State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants (The Chinese University of Hong Kong) and Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
- Correspondence:
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24
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Shao F, Panahipour L, Sordi MB, Tang F, Liu R, Gruber R. Heartwood of Dalbergia cochinchinensis: 4,7,2'-Trihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavanol and 6,4'-Dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavane Reduce Cytokine and Chemokine Expression In Vitro. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27041321. [PMID: 35209110 PMCID: PMC8879141 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Dalbergia cochinchinensis has been widely used in traditional medicine because of its flavonoids; however, the impact of the flavonoids to modulate the inflammatory response to oral cells remains to be described. For this aim, we isolated 4,7,2'-trihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavanol (472T4MIF) and 6,4'-dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavane (64D7MF) from the heartwood of D. cochinchinensis and confirmed the chemical structure by nuclear magnetic resonance. We show here that both flavonoids are inhibitors of an inflammatory response of murine RAW 264.7 inflammatory macrophages stimulated by LPS. This is indicated by interleukin (IL)1, IL6, and chemokine CCL2 production besides the phosphorylation of p65. Consistently, in primary murine macrophages, both flavonoids decreased the inflammatory response by lowering LPS-induced IL1 and IL6 expression. To introduce oral cells, we have used human gingival fibroblasts and provoked the inflammatory response by exposing them to IL1β and TNFα. Under these conditions, 472T4MIF, but not 64D7MF, reduced the expression of chemokines CXCL1 and CXCL2. Taken together, we identified two flavonoids that can reduce the expression of cytokines and chemokines in macrophages and fibroblastic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Shao
- Department of Oral Biology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (L.P.); (M.B.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; (F.T.); (R.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Innovation Drug and Efficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
- Correspondence: (F.S.); (R.G.)
| | - Layla Panahipour
- Department of Oral Biology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (L.P.); (M.B.S.)
| | - Mariane Beatriz Sordi
- Department of Oral Biology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (L.P.); (M.B.S.)
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Fangrui Tang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; (F.T.); (R.L.)
| | - Ronghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; (F.T.); (R.L.)
| | - Reinhard Gruber
- Department of Oral Biology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (L.P.); (M.B.S.)
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
- Correspondence: (F.S.); (R.G.)
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Zhou F, Dai O, Peng C, Xiong L, Ao H, Liu F, Zhou QM. Pro-Angiogenic Effects of Essential Oil from Perilla frutescens and Its Main Component (Perillaldehyde) on Zebrafish Embryos and Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells. Drug Des Devel Ther 2021; 15:4985-4999. [PMID: 34924753 PMCID: PMC8674578 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s336826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt., a traditional edible-medicinal herb in China, has been used to treat cardiovascular and cerebrovascular (cardio-cerebrovascular) diseases for thousands of years. However, knowledge of the mechanisms underlying the effects of essential oil from P. frutescens (EOPF) in the treatment of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases is lacking. The promotion of angiogenesis is beneficial in the treatment of ischemic cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. The current study investigated the pro-angiogenic role of EOPF and its main component perillaldehyde in sunitinib-injured transgenic Tg (flk1:EGFP) zebrafish embryos and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) for the first time. Materials and Methods The pro-angiogenic effects of EOPF and perillaldehyde were observed in vivo using transgenic Tg (flk1:EGFP) zebrafish embryos and in vitro using HUVECs. Cell viability, proliferation, migration, tube formation, and protein levels were detected by MTT, EdU staining, wound healing, transwell chamber, and Western blot assays, respectively. Results EOPF and perillaldehyde exerted a significant stimulatory effect on the formation of zebrafish intersegmental vessels (ISVs). Moreover, EOPF and perillaldehyde promoted proliferation, migration, and tube formation in sunitinib-treated HUVECs. Additionally, our findings uncovered that the pro-angiogenic effects of EOPF and perillaldehyde were mediated by increases in the expression ratios of p-ERK1/2 to ERK1/2 and Bcl-2 to Bax. Conclusion The present study is the first report to provide clear evidence that EOPF and perillaldehyde promote angiogenesis by stimulating repair of sunitinib-injured ISVs in zebrafish embryos and promoting proliferation, migration, and tube formation in sunitinib-injured HUVECs. The underlying mechanisms are related to increased p-ERK1/2 to ERK1/2 and Bcl-2 to Bax expression ratios. EOPF and perillaldehyde may be used in the treatment of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, which is consistent with the traditional application of P. frutescens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, People's Republic of China.,School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Ou Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, People's Republic of China.,School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, People's Republic of China.,School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, People's Republic of China.,School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Innovative Medicine Ingredients of Southwest Specialty Medicinal Materials, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Ao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, People's Republic of China.,Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, People's Republic of China.,School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Innovative Medicine Ingredients of Southwest Specialty Medicinal Materials, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin-Mei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Innovative Medicine Ingredients of Southwest Specialty Medicinal Materials, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, People's Republic of China.,Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, People's Republic of China
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26
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Rouh H, Tang Y, Zhang S, Ali AIM, Unruh D, Surowiec K, Li G. Asymmetric synthesis of functionalized 2,3-dihydrobenzofurans using salicyl N-phosphonyl imines facilitated by group-assisted purification (GAP) chemistry. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:10319-10325. [PMID: 34812831 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob02078a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we present a strategy for the preparation of functionalized 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran derivatives via the Cs2CO3-catalyzed domino annulation of enantiopure chiral salicyl N-phosphonyl imines with bromo malonates, which offers an avenue for the construction of 2,3-dihydrobenzofurans. Nineteen examples were synthesized in impressive chemical yields and diastereoselectivity. The products were purified simply by washing the crude mixtures with hexanes following group-assisted purification chemistry/technology to bypass traditional separation methods which often result in a loss of product. The absolute configuration was unambiguously assigned by X-ray structural analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Rouh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, USA.
| | - Yao Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, USA.
| | - Sai Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, USA.
| | - Ahmed I M Ali
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, USA.
| | - Daniel Unruh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, USA.
| | - Kazimierz Surowiec
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, USA.
| | - Guigen Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, USA.
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27
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Huo M, Ma L, Liu G. Exploring the mechanism of Yixinyin for myocardial infarction by weighted co-expression network and molecular docking. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22567. [PMID: 34799616 PMCID: PMC8604969 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01691-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Yixinyin, the traditional Chinese medicine, has the effects of replenishing righteous qi, and promoting blood circulation to eliminate blood stagnation. It is often used to treat patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI). The purpose of our study is to explore the key components and targets of Yixinyin in the treatment of MI. In this study, we analyzed gene expression data and clinical information from 248 samples of MI patients with the GSE34198, GSE29111 and GSE66360 data sets. By constructing a weighted gene co-expression network, gene modules related to myocardial infarction are obtained. These modules can be mapped in Yixinyin PPI network. By integrating differential genes of healthy/MI and unstable angina/MI, key targets of Yixinyin for the treatment of myocardial infarction were screened. We validated the key objectives with external data sets. GSEA analysis is used to identify the biological processes involved in key targets. Through molecular docking screening, active components that can combine with key targets in Yixinyin were obtained. In the treatment of myocardial infarction, we have obtained key targets of Yixinyin, which are ALDH2, C5AR1, FOS, IL1B, TLR2, TXNRD1. External data sets prove that they behave differently in the healthy and MI (P < 0.05). GSEA enrichment analysis revealed that they are mainly involved in pathways associated with myocardial infarction, such as viral myocarditis, VEGF signaling pathway and type I diabetes mellitus. The docking results showed that the components that can be combined with key targets in YixinYin are Supraene, Prostaglandin B1, isomucronulatol-7,2'-di-O-glucosiole, angusifolin B, Linolenic acid ethyl ester, and Mandenol. For that matter, they may be active ingredients of Yixinyin in treating MI. These findings provide a basis for the preliminary research of myocardial infarction therapy in traditional Chinese medicine and provide ideas for the design of related drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqi Huo
- School of Chinese Material Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lina Ma
- Rehabilitation Teaching and Research Section, Henan Medical College, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guoguo Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Liuzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Liuzhou, China.
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Liu K, Tao X, Su J, Li F, Mu F, Zhao S, Lu X, Li J, Chen S, Dong T, Duan J, Wei P, Xi M. Network pharmacology and molecular docking reveal the effective substances and active mechanisms of Dalbergia Odoriferain protecting against ischemic stroke. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0255736. [PMID: 34582494 PMCID: PMC8478192 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Dalbergia Odorifera (DO) has been widely used for the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseasesinclinical. However, the effective substances and possible mechanisms of DO are still unclear. In this study, network pharmacology and molecular docking were used toelucidate the effective substances and active mechanisms of DO in treating ischemic stroke (IS). 544 DO-related targets from 29 bioactive components and 344 IS-related targets were collected, among them, 71 overlapping common targets were got. Enrichment analysis showed that 12 components were the possible bioactive components in DO, which regulating 9 important signaling pathways in 3 biological processes including 'oxidative stress' (KEGG:04151, KEGG:04068, KEGG:04915), 'inflammatory response'(KEGG:04668, KEGG:04064) and 'vascular endothelial function regulation'(KEGG:04066, KEGG:04370). Among these, 5 bioactive components with degree≥20 among the 12 potential bioactive components were selected to be docked with the top5 core targets using AutodockVina software. According to the results of molecular docking, the binding sites of core target protein AKT1 and MOL002974, MOL002975, and MOL002914 were 9, 8, and 6, respectively, and they contained 2, 1, and 0 threonine residues, respectively. And some binding sites were consistent, which may be the reason for the similarities and differences between the docking results of the 3 core bioactive components. The results of in vitro experiments showed that OGD/R could inhibit cell survival and AKT phosphorylation which were reversed by the 3 core bioactive components. Among them, MOL002974 (butein) had a slightly better effect. Therefore, the protective effect of MOL002974 (butein) against cerebral ischemia was further evaluated in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) by detecting neurological score, cerebral infarction volume and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level. The results indicated that MOL002974 (butein) could significantly improve the neurological score of rats, decrease cerebral infarction volume, and inhibit the level of LDH in the cerebral tissue and serum in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, network pharmacology and molecular docking predicate the possible effective substances and mechanisms of DO in treating IS. And the results are verified by the in vitro and in vivo experiments. This research reveals the possible effective substances from DO and its active mechanisms for treating IS and provides a new direction for the secondary development of DO for treating IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kedi Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
- TANK Medicinal Biology Institute of Xi’an, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xingru Tao
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
- TANK Medicinal Biology Institute of Xi’an, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Su
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
- TANK Medicinal Biology Institute of Xi’an, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fei Mu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shi Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
- TANK Medicinal Biology Institute of Xi’an, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinming Lu
- YouYi Clinical Laboratories of Shaanxi, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Li
- YouYi Clinical Laboratories of Shaanxi, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Sha Chen
- YouYi Clinical Laboratories of Shaanxi, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Taiwei Dong
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jialin Duan
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Peifeng Wei
- National Drug Clinical Trial Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Miaomiao Xi
- TANK Medicinal Biology Institute of Xi’an, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- National Drug Clinical Trial Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
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Li X, Xia Y, Li G, Zhan Z, Yao R, Li M. Traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology of Akebiae Caulis and its synonyms: A review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 277:114245. [PMID: 34052351 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE "Mutong" ( in Chinese, and generally known as Akebiae Caulis), which refers to a group of herbal medicines with different biological origins along history, has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for over 2000 years; it is still being frequently used in medicine. In recent decades, Akebiae Caulis has been reported to exhibit apparent toxicity. AIM OF THIS STUDY To clarify the plant species used as Akebiae Caulis and its synonyms, and to summarize their phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology. METHODS Academic search engines (Google Scholar, Baidu Scholar, CNKI, Science Direct, Springer Link, SciFinder, PubMed, Web of Science, and EBSCO), ancient Chinese herbals, and modern medical monographs were used to obtain phytochemical, pharmacological, toxicological, and quality control information. Furthermore, a field survey was conducted to clarify the associated species. RESULTS Akebiae Caulis is derived from eight species belonging to two families. In the 2005 Pharmacopoeia of The People's Republic of China, it has been separated into two categories: Akebiae Caulis and Clematidis Armandii Caulis. Traditionally, Akebiae Caulis has been used to treat conditions such as gonorrhea, edema, and tongue sores. Pharmacological studies have demonstrated the anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antihypertensive, antibacterial, analgesic, and other properties of Akebiae Caulis. Among the species used, Aristolochiae manshuriensis Kom. (Aristolochiaceae) contains aristolochic acid that has raised concerns globally because of its nephrotoxicity. CONCLUSIONS Clarifying the biological origin of traditional herbal medicines is critical for their safe and effective use. The present review revealed that the biological origin of Akebiae Caulis is diverse. The traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacology of Akebiae Caulis indicate that it is a useful medical resource. The diversity of its biological and pharmacological activities is associated with the presence of a large number of chemical substances, among which terpenoids are predominant. Systematic reviews on Akebiae Caulis such as this one would provide solid references for its safe use, as well as drug discovery studies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Li
- Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010110, China.
| | - Ying Xia
- Inner Mongolia Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010020, China.
| | - Guohua Li
- Inner Mongolia Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010020, China.
| | - Zhilai Zhan
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Chinese Medicine Resource Center, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Ruyu Yao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Minhui Li
- Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010110, China; Inner Mongolia Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010020, China; Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, 014040, China.
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Salvia miltiorrhiza and the Volatile of Dalbergia odorifera Attenuate Chronic Myocardial Ischemia Injury in a Pig Model: A Metabonomic Approach for the Mechanism Study. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:8840896. [PMID: 34007406 PMCID: PMC8099511 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8840896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Salvia miltiorrhiza (SM) coupled with Dalbergia odorifera (DO) has been used to relieve cardiovascular diseases in China for many years. Our previous studies have integrated that SM—the volatile oil of DO (SM-DOO)—has a cardioprotective effect on chronic myocardial ischemia based on a pharmacological method, but the cardioprotective mechanism has not been elucidated completely in the metabonomic method. In the present study, a metabonomic method based on high-performance liquid chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-Q-TOF-MS) was performed to evaluate the effects of SM-DOO on chronic myocardial ischemia induced by an ameroid constrictor, which was placed on the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) of pigs. Pigs were divided into three groups: sham, model, and SM-DOO group. With multivariate analysis, a clear cluster among the different groups was obtained and the potential biomarkers were recognized. These biomarkers were mainly related to energy metabolism, glucose metabolism, and fatty acid metabolism. Furthermore, the protein expressions of phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK) and glucose transporter-4 (GLUT4) were significantly upregulated by SM-DOO. The result indicated that SM-DOO could regulate the above biomarkers and metabolic pathways, especially energy metabolism and glucose metabolism. By analyzing and verifying the biomarkers and metabolic pathways, further understanding of the cardioprotective effect of SM-DOO with its mechanism was evaluated. Metabonomic is a reliable system biology approach for understanding the cardioprotective effects of SM-DOO on chronic myocardial ischemia and elucidating the mechanism underlying this protective effect.
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Lai XX, Zhang N, Chen LY, Luo YY, Shou BY, Xie XX, Liu RH. Latifolin protects against myocardial infarction by alleviating myocardial inflammatory via the HIF-1α/NF-κB/IL-6 pathway. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2020; 58:1156-1166. [PMID: 33222562 PMCID: PMC7717487 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2020.1840597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The Traditional Chinese herb medicine Dalbergia odorifera T. Chen (Fabaceae), exerted a protective effect on myocardial ischaemia. Latifolin is a neoflavonoid extracted from Dalbergia odorifera. It has been reported to have the effects of anti-inflammation and cardiomyocyte protection. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether latifolin can improve myocardial infarction (MI) through attenuating myocardial inflammatory and to explore its possible mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Left coronary artery was ligated to induce a rat model of MI, and the rats were treated with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na) or different doses of latifolin (25, 50, 100 mg/kg/d) by oral gavage for 28 days. Serum contents of myocardial enzyme were measured at seven and fourteen days after treatment. Cardiac function, infarct size, histopathological changes and inflammatory cells infiltration was assessed at 28 days after treatment. Western blotting was used to investigate the underlying mechanisms. RESULTS Latifolin treatment markedly decreased the contents of myocardial enzymes, and increased left ventricular ejection fraction (85.27% vs. 59.11%) and left ventricular fractional shortening (62.71% vs. 45.53%). Latifolin was found to significantly reduced infarction size (27.78% vs. 39.07%), myocardial fibrosis and the numbers of macrophage infiltration (436 cells/mm2 vs. 690 cells/mm2). In addition, latifolin down-regulated the expression levels of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (0.95-fold), phospho-nuclear factor-κB (0.2-fold) and interleukin-6 (1.11-fold). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Latifolin can protect against myocardial infarction by improving myocardial inflammation through the HIF-1α/NF-κB/IL-6 signalling pathway. Accordingly, latifolin may be a promising drug for pharmacological treatment of ischaemic cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xiao Lai
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Centre for Solid Preparation of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Ni Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Lan-Ying Chen
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Centre for Solid Preparation of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Ying-Ying Luo
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Centre for Solid Preparation of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Bin-Yao Shou
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Centre for Solid Preparation of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Xin-Xu Xie
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Centre for Solid Preparation of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Rong-Hua Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
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Sun Y, Gao M, Kang S, Yang C, Meng H, Yang Y, Zhao X, Gao Z, Xu Y, Jin Y, Zhao X, Zhang Z, Han J. Molecular Mechanism Underlying Mechanical Wounding-Induced Flavonoid Accumulation in Dalbergia odorifera T. Chen, an Endangered Tree That Produces Chinese Rosewood. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11050478. [PMID: 32353985 PMCID: PMC7291145 DOI: 10.3390/genes11050478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Dalbergia odorifera, a critically endangered tree species, produces heartwood containing a vast variety of flavonoids. This heartwood, also known as Chinese rosewood, has high economic and medicinal value, but its formation takes several decades. In this study, we showed that discolored wood induced by pruning displays similar color, structure, and flavonoids content to those of natural heartwood, suggesting that wounding is an efficient method for inducing flavonoid production in D. odorifera. Transcriptome analysis was performed to investigate the mechanism underlying wounding-induced flavonoids production in D. odorifera heartwood. Wounding upregulated the expression of 90 unigenes, which covered 19 gene families of the phenylpropanoid and flavonoid pathways, including PAL, C4H, 4CL, CHS, CHI, 6DCS, F3’5’H, F3H, FMO, GT, PMAT, CHOMT, IFS, HI4’OMT, HID, IOMT, I2’H, IFR, and I3’H. Furthermore, 47 upregulated unigenes were mapped to the biosynthesis pathways for five signal molecules (ET, JA, ABA, ROS, and SA). Exogenous application of these signal molecules resulted in the accumulation of flavonoids in cell suspensions of D. odorifera, supporting their role in wounding-induced flavonoid production. Insights from this study will help develop new methods for rapidly inducing the formation of heartwood with enhanced medicinal value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Chinese Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.S.); (M.G.); (C.Y.); (Z.G.); (Y.X.); (Y.J.); (X.Z.)
| | - Mei Gao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Chinese Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.S.); (M.G.); (C.Y.); (Z.G.); (Y.X.); (Y.J.); (X.Z.)
| | - Seogchan Kang
- Department of Plant Pathology and Environmental Microbiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA;
| | - Chengmin Yang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Chinese Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.S.); (M.G.); (C.Y.); (Z.G.); (Y.X.); (Y.J.); (X.Z.)
| | - Hui Meng
- Hainan Branch Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Haikou 570311, China; (H.M.); (Y.Y.); (X.Z.)
| | - Yun Yang
- Hainan Branch Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Haikou 570311, China; (H.M.); (Y.Y.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xiangsheng Zhao
- Hainan Branch Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Haikou 570311, China; (H.M.); (Y.Y.); (X.Z.)
| | - Zhihui Gao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Chinese Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.S.); (M.G.); (C.Y.); (Z.G.); (Y.X.); (Y.J.); (X.Z.)
| | - Yanhong Xu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Chinese Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.S.); (M.G.); (C.Y.); (Z.G.); (Y.X.); (Y.J.); (X.Z.)
| | - Yue Jin
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Chinese Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.S.); (M.G.); (C.Y.); (Z.G.); (Y.X.); (Y.J.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xiaohong Zhao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Chinese Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.S.); (M.G.); (C.Y.); (Z.G.); (Y.X.); (Y.J.); (X.Z.)
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Chinese Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.S.); (M.G.); (C.Y.); (Z.G.); (Y.X.); (Y.J.); (X.Z.)
- Hainan Branch Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Haikou 570311, China; (H.M.); (Y.Y.); (X.Z.)
- Correspondence: (Z.Z.); (J.H.); Tel.: +86-10-57833363 (Z.Z.); +86-10-57833198 (J.H.)
| | - Jianping Han
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Chinese Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.S.); (M.G.); (C.Y.); (Z.G.); (Y.X.); (Y.J.); (X.Z.)
- Correspondence: (Z.Z.); (J.H.); Tel.: +86-10-57833363 (Z.Z.); +86-10-57833198 (J.H.)
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Zhao X, Zhang S, Liu D, Yang M, Wei J. Analysis of Flavonoids in Dalbergia odorifera by Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25020389. [PMID: 31963485 PMCID: PMC7024225 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25020389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dalbergia odorifera, a traditional Chinese medicine, has been used to treat cardio- and cerebrovascular diseases in China for thousands of years. Flavonoids are major active compounds in D. odorifera. In this paper, a rapid and sensitive ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for simultaneous determination of 17 flavonoids in D. odorifera. Quantification was performed by multiple reaction monitoring using electrospray ionization in negative ion mode. Under the optimum conditions, calibration curves for the 17 analytes displayed good linearity (r2 > 0.9980). The intra- and inter-day precisions (relative standard deviations) were lower than 5.0%. The limit of quantitation ranged from 0.256 to 18.840 ng/mL. The mean recovery range at three spiked concentrations was 94.18-101.97%. The validated approach was successfully applied to 18 samples of D. odorifera. Large variation was observed for the contents of the 17 analytes. Sativanone and 3'-O-methylviolanone were the dominant compounds. The fragmentation behaviors of six flavonoids were investigated using UPLC with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. In negative ion electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, all the flavonoids yielded prominent [M - H]- ions. Fragments for losses of CH3, CO, and CO2 were observed in the mass spectra. Formononetin, liquiritigenin, isoliquiritigenin, sativanone, and alpinetin underwent retro-Diels-Alder fragmentations. The proposed method will be helpful for quality control of D. odorifera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangsheng Zhao
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Conservation and Development of Southern Medicine, Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Haikou 570311, China; (X.Z.); (S.Z.); (M.Y.)
| | - Shihui Zhang
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Conservation and Development of Southern Medicine, Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Haikou 570311, China; (X.Z.); (S.Z.); (M.Y.)
| | - Dan Liu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China;
| | - Meihua Yang
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Conservation and Development of Southern Medicine, Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Haikou 570311, China; (X.Z.); (S.Z.); (M.Y.)
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jianhe Wei
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Conservation and Development of Southern Medicine, Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Haikou 570311, China; (X.Z.); (S.Z.); (M.Y.)
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-10-57833358
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