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Sacande M, Muir G. Restoring Food Systems with Nutritious Native Plants: Experiences from the African Drylands. Food Nutr Bull 2023; 44:S58-S68. [PMID: 37850924 DOI: 10.1177/03795721231190779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Twenty-seven African countries have committed to restore more than 100 million hectares of degraded land by 2030 as part of the African Forest Landscape Restoration Initiative (AFR100). In addition, for the same period of time, the African-led Great Green Wall initiative seeks to restore 100 million hectares of degraded agro-sylvo-pastoral lands in the Sahel. The current UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration (2021-2030) moreover marks an unprecedented opportunity to shape future landscapes, and forge more biodiverse and nutritious food systems. Yet most large-scale restoration actions continue to be largely isolated from socioeconomic challenges facing dryland communities, not least food security and acute malnutrition. Such isolations contribute to low restoration successes and outcomes in Africa's drylands. At the same time, international interventions aimed at improving acute malnutrition in the drylands have not adequately considered the agriculture-nutrition linkages, particularly "pre-farm gate"-including consumption pathways which optimize the use of native plant diversity. OBJECTIVES This article identifies priority action areas emerging from experiences over 5 years of restoration activities carried out in the Sahel through Food and Agriculture Organization's (FAO) Action Against Desertification Programme supporting the implementation of Africa's Great Green Wall. These actions aim to inform development and humanitarian interventions on the ground to render restoration interventions nutrition-sensitive and hence more effective in practice. RESULTS Recognizing the symbiotic relationship between landscapes and livelihoods, FAO developed a blueprint for large-scale restoration that combines biophysical and socioeconomic aspects for the benefit of rural communities. The approach builds climate and nutritional resilience into its restoration interventions as a preventative approach to reverse land degradation and ultimately improve livelihoods, food security, and nutrition. CONCLUSIONS FAO's experience demonstrated that what is planted and when has the potential to not only significantly improve biodiversity and reverse land degradation, but also positively influence nutrition outcomes. Future interventions in the drylands must involve joint efforts between nutritionists and natural resource managem prove both human and planetary health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moctar Sacande
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Lazio, Italy
| | - Giulia Muir
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Lazio, Italy
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2
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Pascual-Mendoza S, Saynes-Vásquez A, Pérez-Herrera A, Meneses ME, Coutiño-Hernández D, Sánchez-Medina MA. Nutritional Composition and Bioactive Compounds of Quelites Consumed by Indigenous Communities in the Municipality of Juquila Vijanos, Sierra Norte of Oaxaca, Mexico. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 78:193-200. [PMID: 36609832 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-022-01039-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The indigenous communities of Mexico have a long tradition of consuming quelites. In this research, eight species of quelites that are traditionally consumed by indigenous communities of the Sierra Norte of Oaxaca, Mexico, were characterized: Eryngium foetidum L., Galinsoga parviflora Cav., Calceolaria mexicana Benth., Andinocleome magnifica (Briq.) Iltis & Cochrane, Cleoserrata speciosa (Raf.) H.H. Iltis, Phytolacca icosandra L., Cestrum nocturnum L. and Solanum nigrescens M.Martens & Galeotti. The ethnobotanical information of these species was recorded and the proximate composition, mineral content, and total phenolic and flavonoid content were determined. The antioxidant capacity of the samples was also investigated using ABTS (2,2'-Azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), DPPH (2,2-di(4-tert-octylphenyl)-1-picrylhydrazyl), and ORAC (oxygen radical absorption capacity) methods. Quelites are available in the dry and rainy season. Quelites were found to have low energy contents while being good sources of fiber, of which A. magnifica possessed the highest concentration (8.61 ± 0.35 g/100 g fresh weight FW). Quelites were also found to provide essential minerals, with the primary contributions being potassium (4097.35 ± 12.28 mg/100 g FW) in C. mexicana, calcium (2418.63 ± 22.91 mg/100 g FW) in S. nigrescens, magnesium (1021.83 ± 10.58 mg/100 g FW) in E. foetidum, among others. C. speciosa and C. mexicana exhibited the highest concentration of phenols and flavonoids, which were found to be associated with higher antioxidant capacity. The quelites analyzed in this study are a potential source of accessible, nutritious, and healthy food, and can potentially help improve food security and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunem Pascual-Mendoza
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación Para El Desarrollo Integral Regional CIIDIR Unidad Oaxaca, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Oaxaca, México
| | - Alfredo Saynes-Vásquez
- Lengua Y Naturaleza, Instituto Saynes de Investigaciones Sobre Cultura, Juchitán, Oaxaca, México
| | - Aleyda Pérez-Herrera
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación Para El Desarrollo Integral Regional CIIDIR Unidad Oaxaca, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Oaxaca, México.
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia Y Tecnología (CONACYT ), C.P. 03940, Ciudad de Mexico, México.
| | - María E Meneses
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia Y Tecnología (CONACYT ), C.P. 03940, Ciudad de Mexico, México
- Centro de Biotecnología de Hongos Comestibles, Funcionales Y Medicinales (CB-HCFM), Colegio de Postgraduados (CP), Campus Puebla, C.P. 72001, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Diana Coutiño-Hernández
- Departamento de Fisiología de La Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas Y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, C.P.14080, Ciudad de Mexico, México
| | - Marco A Sánchez-Medina
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química Y Bioquímica, Tecnologico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Oaxaca, Av. Ing. Víctor Bravo Ahuja No. 125 Esq. Calz. Tecnológico, C.P. 68030, Oaxaca, Mexico
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3
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Boussageon R, van Tuinen D, Lapadatescu C, Trépanier M, Vermersch E, Wipf D, Courty PE. Effects of field inoculation of potato tubers with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus irregularis DAOM 197,198 are cultivar dependent. Symbiosis 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s13199-023-00908-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
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4
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Nutrient Composition of Fresh Produce - Assessing Variability Between European Countries to Substantiate Nutrition and Health Claims. J Food Compost Anal 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2023.105201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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5
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Ferraz de Arruda H, Aleta A, Moreno Y. Food composition databases in the era of Big Data: Vegetable oils as a case study. Front Nutr 2023; 9:1052934. [PMID: 36687693 PMCID: PMC9851468 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1052934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the population's dietary patterns and their impacts on health requires many different sources of information. The development of reliable food composition databases is a key step in this pursuit. With them, nutrition and health care professionals can provide better public health advice and guide society toward achieving a better and healthier life. Unfortunately, these databases are full of caveats. Focusing on the specific case of vegetable oils, we analyzed the possible obsolescence of the information and the differences or inconsistencies among databases. We show that in many cases, the information is limited, incompletely documented, old or unreliable. More importantly, despite the many efforts carried out in the last decades, there is still much work to be done. As such, institutions should develop long-standing programs that can ensure the quality of the information on what we eat in the long term. In the face of climate change and complex societal challenges in an interconnected world, the full diversity of the food system needs to be recognized and more efforts should be put toward achieving a data-driven food system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Ferraz de Arruda
- ISI Foundation, Turin, Italy,CENTAI Institute, Turin, Italy,*Correspondence: Henrique Ferraz de Arruda ✉
| | - Alberto Aleta
- ISI Foundation, Turin, Italy,Institute for Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain,Department of Theoretical Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Yamir Moreno
- ISI Foundation, Turin, Italy,CENTAI Institute, Turin, Italy,Institute for Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain,Department of Theoretical Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
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6
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Langyan S, Yadava P, Khan FN, Bhardwaj R, Tripathi K, Bhardwaj V, Bhardwaj R, Gautam RK, Kumar A. Nutritional and Food Composition Survey of Major Pulses Toward Healthy, Sustainable, and Biofortified Diets. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.878269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The world's food demand is increasing rapidly due to fast population growth that has posed a challenge to meeting the requirements of nutritionally balanced diets. Pulses could play a major role in the human diet to combat these challenges and provide nutritional and physiological benefits. Pulses such as chickpeas, green gram, peas, horse gram, beans, lentils, black gram, etc., are rich sources of protein (190–260 g kg−1), carbohydrates (600–630 g kg−1), dietary fibers, and bioactive compounds. There are many health benefits of phytochemicals present in pulses, like flavonoids, phenolics, tannins, phytates, saponins, lectins, oxalates, phytosterols peptides, and enzyme inhibitors. Some of them have anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcerative, anti-microbial, and anti-cancer effects. Along with these, pulses are also rich in vitamins and minerals. In this review, we highlight the potential role of pulses in global food systems and diets, their nutritional value, health benefits, and prospects for biofortification of major pulses. The food composition databases with respect to pulses, effect of processing techniques, and approaches for improvement of nutritional profile of pulses are elaborated.
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7
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Shaheen N, Basak Tukun A, Torab Ma Rahim A, Mohiduzzaman M, Islam S, Stadlmayr B, Bhattacharjee L, Longvah T. Development of a new food composition table: An updated tool for estimating nutrient intake in Bangladeshi population. Food Chem 2022; 395:133544. [PMID: 35763921 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Valid and reliable food composition data have a crucial role in all nutrition-related activities in a country. However, existing food composition tables in Bangladesh date back to 1970s and are outdated in terms of data quality. Consequently, it was imperative to revise the food composition table for Bangladesh (FCTB). This paper describes the generation of an updated food composition database (FCDB) for Bangladesh following international standards. Primary analytical values from 74 foods (including 54 prioritized key foods (KFs)) were generated through component-specific Association of Official Agricultural Chemists (AOAC) or other internationally accredited methods. Secondary compositional values (analytical, estimated, borrowed, or calculated) were assembled and compiled in accordance with the International Network of Food Data Systems (INFOODS) guidelines and standards. The FCDB now contains updated and well-structured reliable values for 447 foods and 89 components that will have important usages for all stakeholders in the country and elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazma Shaheen
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka - 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Avonti Basak Tukun
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka - 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Abu Torab Ma Rahim
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka - 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mohiduzzaman
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka - 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Saiful Islam
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka - 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Barbara Stadlmayr
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy; Institute for Development Research, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
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8
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de Medeiros MFA, Silva SGB, Teixeira CD, Lima SCVC, Marchioni DM, Jacob MCM. Assessment of Biodiversity in Food Consumption Studies: A Systematic Review. Front Nutr 2022; 9:832288. [PMID: 35774537 PMCID: PMC9237621 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.832288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The assessment of food biodiversity has gained importance in nutrition due to the positive association between the diversity of foods consumed and the quality of diets. To date, however, we do not know systematically how food consumption studies address food biodiversity. Our objective with this paper was to characterize how food consumption studies address biodiverse foods, both in terms of (i) new methods capable of overcoming the limitations of existing methods, and (ii) indicators capable of measuring the contribution of biodiversity to nutrition. We conducted a systematic review based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA), using four databases: Web of Science, Medline/PubMed (via National Library of Medicine), Scopus, and Google Scholar. We selected papers focused on the consumption of biodiverse foods without time constraints. In addition, we assessed the methodological quality of the studies we selected. We reviewed a total of 22 studies, and summarized the methods and indicators most used. We found that some researchers used biodiversity mapping strategies based on ethnographic approaches before the dietary assessment. Regarding dietary assessment tools, retrospective direct methods were the most used by researchers. We list 23 indicators used by the authors, among them the Dietary Species Richness (DSR), used in 18% of the studies. Studies that used biodiversity mapping strategies based on ethnographic approaches before the dietary assessment portrayed the local availability of biodiverse foods more consistently, i.e., presented lists with local edible species satisfactorily identified. We believe researchers in the future can avoid many of the limitations of current methods by ensuring that teams are interprofessional. We emphasize that most of the indicators we summarized are not sensitive enough to biodiversity since they do not measure edible resources at the species level. In this sense, the DSR is promising, because it fills information gaps, especially in the case of wild or neglected species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carla Djaine Teixeira
- Graduate Program in Social Sciences, Center for Human Sciences, Letters and Arts, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | | | - Dirce Maria Marchioni
- Nutrition Department, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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9
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Stewart L, Indukuri VV, Charepalli V, Chrisfield BJ, Anantheswaran RC, Lambert JD, Vanamala JKP. Comparative effects of vacuum or conventional frying on the polyphenol chemistry and in vitro colon cancer stem cell inhibitory activity of purple‐flesh potatoes. J Food Sci 2022; 87:3260-3267. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lauriel Stewart
- Department of Food Science The Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania USA
| | - Vijaya Varma Indukuri
- Department of Food Science The Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania USA
| | - Venkata Charepalli
- Department of Food Science The Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania USA
| | - Benjamin J. Chrisfield
- Department of Food Science The Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania USA
| | | | - Joshua D. Lambert
- Department of Food Science The Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania USA
- Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis The Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania USA
| | - Jairam K. P. Vanamala
- Department of Food Science The Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania USA
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10
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Hanley-Cook GT, Daly AJ, Remans R, Jones AD, Murray KA, Huybrechts I, De Baets B, Lachat C. Food biodiversity: Quantifying the unquantifiable in human diets. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:7837-7851. [PMID: 35297716 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2051163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Dietary diversity is an established public health principle, and its measurement is essential for studies of diet quality and food security. However, conventional between food group scores fail to capture the nutritional variability and ecosystem services delivered by dietary richness and dissimilarity within food groups, or the relative distribution (i.e., evenness or moderation) of e.g., species or varieties across whole diets. Summarizing food biodiversity in an all-encompassing index is problematic. Therefore, various diversity indices have been proposed in ecology, yet these require methodological adaption for integration in dietary assessments. In this narrative review, we summarize the key conceptual issues underlying the measurement of food biodiversity at an edible species level, assess the ecological diversity indices previously applied to food consumption and food supply data, discuss their relative suitability, and potential amendments for use in (quantitative) dietary intake studies. Ecological diversity indices are often used without justification through the lens of nutrition. To illustrate: (i) dietary species richness fails to account for the distribution of foods across the diet or their functional traits; (ii) evenness indices, such as the Gini-Simpson index, require widely accepted relative abundance units (e.g., kcal, g, cups) and evidence-based moderation weighting factors; and (iii) functional dissimilarity indices are constructed based on an arbitrary selection of distance measures, cutoff criteria, and number of phylogenetic, nutritional, and morphological traits. Disregard for these limitations can lead to counterintuitive results and ambiguous or incorrect conclusions about the food biodiversity within diets or food systems. To ensure comparability and robustness of future research, we advocate food biodiversity indices that: (i) satisfy key axioms; (ii) can be extended to account for disparity between edible species; and (iii) are used in combination, rather than in isolation.Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2022.2051163 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Giles T Hanley-Cook
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Aisling J Daly
- Department of Data Analysis and Mathematical Modelling, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Roseline Remans
- The Alliance of Bioversity International and International Centre for Tropical Agriculture, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Andrew D Jones
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Kris A Murray
- MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, MRC Unit The Gambia at London, Banjul, The Gambia
| | - Inge Huybrechts
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Bernard De Baets
- Department of Data Analysis and Mathematical Modelling, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Carl Lachat
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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11
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Sacande M, Muir G. Restoring Sahelian landscapes with people and plants: insights from large scale interventions. Restor Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Moctar Sacande
- Forestry Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00153 Rome Italy
| | - Giulia Muir
- Forestry Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00153 Rome Italy
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12
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Towards a More Sustainable Urban Food System—Carbon Emissions Assessment of a Diet Transition with the FEWprint Platform. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14031797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
The production, processing, and transportation of food, in particular animal-based products, imposes great environmental burden on the planet. The current food supply system often constitutes a considerable part of the total carbon emissions of urban communities in industrialised cities. Urban food production (UFP) is a method that can potentially diminish food emissions. In parallel, a shift towards a predominantly plant-based diet that meets the nutritional protein intake is an effective method to curtail carbon emissions from food. Considering the high land use associated with the production of animal-based products, such a shift will prompt a community food demand that is more inclined to be satisfied with local production. Therefore, during the design process of a future low-carbon city, the combined application of both methods is worth exploring. This work introduces, describes, and demonstrates the diet shift component of the FEWprint platform, a user friendly UFP assessment platform for designers that is constructed around the broader three-pronged strategy of evaluation, shift, and design. For three neighborhoods, in Amsterdam, Belfast, and Detroit, the contextual consumption and country-specific environmental footprint data are applied to simulate a theoretical community-wide diet shift from a conventional to a vegan diet, whilst maintaining protein intake equilibrium. The results show that in total terms, the largest carbon mitigation potential awaits in Detroit (−916 kg CO2eq/cap/year), followed by Belfast (−866 kg) and Amsterdam (−509 kg). In relative terms, the carbon reduction potential is largest in Belfast (−25%), followed by Amsterdam (−15%) and Detroit (−7%). The FEWprint can be used to generate preliminary figures on the carbon implications of dietary adaptations and can be employed to give a first indication of the potential of UFP in urban communities.
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13
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Dave LA, Hodgkinson SM, Roy NC, Smith NW, McNabb WC. The role of holistic nutritional properties of diets in the assessment of food system and dietary sustainability. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-21. [PMID: 34933622 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2012753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Advancing sustainable diets for nutrition security and sustainable development necessitates clear nutrition metrics for measuring nutritional quality of diets. Food composition, nutrient requirements, and dietary intake are among the most common nutrition metrics used in the current assessment of sustainable diets. Broadly, most studies in the area classify animal-source foods (ASF) as having a substantially higher environmental footprint in comparison to plant-source foods (PSF). As a result, much of the current dietary advice promulgates diets containing higher proportions of PSF. However, this generalization is misleading since most of these studies do not distinguish between the gross and bioavailable nutrient fractions in mixed human diets. The bioavailability of essential nutrients including β-carotene, vitamin B-12, iron, zinc, calcium, and indispensable amino acids varies greatly across different diets. The failure to consider bioavailability in sustainability measurements undermines the complementary role that ASF play in achieving nutrition security in vulnerable populations. This article critically reviews the scientific evidence on the holistic nutritional quality of diets and identifies methodological problems that exist in the way the nutritional quality of diets is measured. Finally, we discuss the importance of developing nutrient bioavailability as a requisite nutrition metric to contextualize the environmental impacts of different diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi A Dave
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.,Sustainable Nutrition Initiative, Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | | | - Nicole C Roy
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.,Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Nick W Smith
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.,Sustainable Nutrition Initiative, Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Warren C McNabb
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.,Sustainable Nutrition Initiative, Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.,High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
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14
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Ejoh SI, Wireko-Manu FD, Page D, MGC Renard C. Traditional green leafy vegetables as underutilised sources of micronutrients in a rural farming community in south-west Nigeria II: consumption pattern and potential contribution to micronutrient requirements. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/16070658.2019.1652964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shirley Isibhakhomen Ejoh
- UMR408 SQPOV ‘Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d’Origine Végétale’, INRA, Avignon Université, F-84000 Avignon, France
| | - Faustina Dufie Wireko-Manu
- UMR408 SQPOV ‘Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d’Origine Végétale’, INRA, Avignon Université, F-84000 Avignon, France
| | - David Page
- UMR408 SQPOV ‘Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d’Origine Végétale’, INRA, Avignon Université, F-84000 Avignon, France
| | - Catherine MGC Renard
- UMR408 SQPOV ‘Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d’Origine Végétale’, INRA, Avignon Université, F-84000 Avignon, France
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15
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Eyinla TE, Sanusi RA, Maziya-Dixon B. Effect of processing and variety on starch digestibility and glycemic index of popular foods made from cassava (Manihot esculenta). Food Chem 2021; 356:129664. [PMID: 33813203 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
In Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is rapidly increasing even in populations with significant undernutrition. The role of energy dense staple crops such as cassava is under query and not yet well understood. In this study, varieties of cassava, made into popular SSA products (fufu and gari dough) were studied for their resistant starch (RS), rapidly digestible starch (RDS) and glycemic index (GI). While the glycemic properties of the varieties studied did not differ significantly, processing any variety into either fufu or gari distinctly impacted RS, RDS and predicted GI (pGI) differently. Specifically, fufu had highest range of RS (1.1-2.1 g/100 g) while gari dough had highest RDS (1.1-1.4 g/100 g) and pGI (54-67). The results from this probe imply that fufu, when consumed, will release glucose in a slower manner than gari, therefore may be better suited in the dietary prevention and management of DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toluwalope Emmanuel Eyinla
- Food and Nutrition Sciences Laboratory, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, PMB 5230, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria; Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, PO Box 22133, Nigeria
| | - Rasaki Ajani Sanusi
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, PO Box 22133, Nigeria
| | - Busie Maziya-Dixon
- Food and Nutrition Sciences Laboratory, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, PMB 5230, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
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Grande F, Giuntini EB, Coelho KS, Purgatto E, Franco BDGDM, Lajolo FM, de Menezes EW. Biodiversity food dataset: Centralizing chemical composition data to allow the promotion of nutrient-rich foods in Brazil. MATERNAL & CHILD NUTRITION 2020; 16 Suppl 3:e13005. [PMID: 33347721 PMCID: PMC7752125 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.13005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Centralizing chemical composition data for biodiverse foods is an important strategy in promoting their consumption. To support this strategy, a dataset of foods based on Brazilian biodiversity was created. The set was based on data for foods produced or commercialized in Brazil; these data were previously compiled for the Brazilian Food Composition Table (TBCA), according to international guidelines. Inclusion criteria were based on the following indicators: (i) foods with description below species level; (ii) wild foods; and (iii) underutilized foods. The dataset contains 1,305 food entries, and the majority correspond to raw plant foods. Nutrient content in foods identified below species level exhibited a wide range of values. Underutilized foods presented similar or higher selected nutrient contents than commonly consumed foods. For instance, depending on the cultivar of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), vitamin A content ranged from a negligible amount to high content (0.33- to 3,637-μg retinol equivalents per 100-g edible portion on a fresh weight basis [EP]). Camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia), a fruit from Amazon, was identified as the richest source of vitamin C (2,300 mg of ascorbic acid per 100-g EP), corresponding to 48-fold the content of orange. The dataset provides evidence to promote nutrient-rich foods that may be integrated into more effective programmes and policies on nutrition and food security in Brazil. It can be accessed online, free of charge on the TBCA platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Grande
- Post Graduate Program in Applied Human Nutrition (PRONUT/USP), FCF/FEA/FSPUniversity of São Paulo (USP)São PauloBrazil
- Food Research Center (FoRC/CEPID/FAPESP)São PauloBrazil
| | | | - Kristy Soraya Coelho
- Post Graduate Program in Applied Human Nutrition (PRONUT/USP), FCF/FEA/FSPUniversity of São Paulo (USP)São PauloBrazil
- Food Research Center (FoRC/CEPID/FAPESP)São PauloBrazil
| | - Eduardo Purgatto
- Food Research Center (FoRC/CEPID/FAPESP)São PauloBrazil
- Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of São Paulo (USP)São PauloBrazil
| | - Bernadette Dora Gombossy de Melo Franco
- Food Research Center (FoRC/CEPID/FAPESP)São PauloBrazil
- Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of São Paulo (USP)São PauloBrazil
| | - Franco Maria Lajolo
- Food Research Center (FoRC/CEPID/FAPESP)São PauloBrazil
- Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of São Paulo (USP)São PauloBrazil
- Coordinators of BRASILFOODSSão PauloBrazil
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Termote C, Odongo NO, Dreyer BS, Guissou B, Parkouda C, Vinceti B. Nutrient composition of Parkia biglobosa pulp, raw and fermented seeds: a systematic review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 62:119-144. [PMID: 32914637 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1813072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that nutrient differences observed among crop varieties or animal breeds belonging to the same species are sometimes greater than differences between species. Parkia biglobosa is an important tree species that provides edible products and income to rural households in West Africa. To better understand intra-species nutrient variability of P. biglobosa edible products, a review on the nutrient content of its pulp and seeds (raw and fermented) was conducted. Google scholar and the keywords "P. biglobosa" AND "nutrition" were used to screen the available literature from 1980 onwards, and the Zotero software was used to manage references. A step-wise assessment of titles, abstracts and full papers, led to a selection of 69 papers from which data were retrieved following FAO INFOODS guidelines. After data harmonization and quality checks, 42 papers were retained and used to extract data to populate a nutrient database. Despite an apparent abundance of nutrient analyses focused on P. biglobosa's edible products, the quality of data available was poor and very few authors presented additional information, such as soil characteristics, climate, maturity at harvest, etc. that could influence the nutritional content of the products. Many data gaps remain. The present study will stimulate further investigations into nutrient composition of P. biglobosa products and ultimately will contribute to selecting nutritionally "+" trees for multiplication and/or domestication of the species.
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Toensmeier E, Ferguson R, Mehra M. Perennial vegetables: A neglected resource for biodiversity, carbon sequestration, and nutrition. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234611. [PMID: 32649667 PMCID: PMC7351156 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Perennial vegetables are a neglected and underutilized class of crops with potential to address 21st century challenges. They represent 33-56% of cultivated vegetable species, and occupy 6% of world vegetable cropland. Despite their distinct relevance to climate change mitigation and nutritional security, perennial vegetables receive little attention in the scientific literature. Compared to widely grown and marketed vegetable crops, many perennial vegetables show higher levels of key nutrients needed to address deficiencies. Trees with edible leaves are the group of vegetables with the highest levels of these key nutrients. Individual "multi-nutrient" species are identified with very high levels of multiple nutrients for addressing deficiencies. This paper reports on the synthesis and meta-analysis of a heretofore fragmented global literature on 613 cultivated perennial vegetables, representing 107 botanical families from every inhabited continent, in order to characterize the extent and potential of this class of crops. Carbon sequestration potential from new adoption of perennial vegetables is estimated at 22.7-280.6 MMT CO2-eq/yr on 4.6-26.4 Mha by 2050.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Toensmeier
- Perennial Agriculture Institute, Holyoke, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Rafter Ferguson
- Union of Concerned Scientists, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Mamta Mehra
- Perennial Agriculture Institute, Holyoke, Massachusetts, United States of America
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Rockett FC, Schmidt HDO, Pagno CH, Fochezatto ÉS, de Oliveira VR, da Silva VL, Flôres SH, Rios ADO. Native fruits from southern Brazil: Physico‐chemical characterization, centesimal composition, and mineral content. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.14582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Camboim Rockett
- Institute of Food Science and Technology Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Helena de Oliveira Schmidt
- Institute of Food Science and Technology Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Carlos Henrique Pagno
- Institute of Food Science and Technology Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Porto Alegre Brazil
| | | | | | - Vanuska Lima da Silva
- Department of Nutrition Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Simone Hickmann Flôres
- Institute of Food Science and Technology Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Alessandro de Oliveira Rios
- Institute of Food Science and Technology Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Porto Alegre Brazil
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Jacob MCM, Araújo de Medeiros MF, Albuquerque UP. Biodiverse food plants in the semiarid region of Brazil have unknown potential: A systematic review. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0230936. [PMID: 32379775 PMCID: PMC7205212 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Food biodiversity presents one of the most significant opportunities to enhance food and nutrition security today. The lack of data on many plants, however, limits our understanding of their potential and the possibility of building a research agenda focused on them. Our objective with this systematic review was to identify biodiverse food plants occurring in the Caatinga biome, Brazil, strategic for the promotion of food and nutrition security. We selected studies from the following databases: Web of Science, Medline/PubMed (via the National Library of Medicine), Scopus and Embrapa Agricultural Research Databases (BDPA). Eligible were original articles, published since 2008, studying food plants occurring in the Caatinga. We assessed the methodological quality of the studies we selected. We reviewed a total of fifteen studies in which 65 plants that met our inclusion criteria were mentioned. Of this amount, 17 species, including varieties, subspecies, and different parts of plants, had data on chemical composition, in addition to being mentioned as food consumed by rural communities in observational ethnobotanical studies. From the energy and protein data associated with these plants, we produced a ranking of strategic species. The plants with values higher than the average of the set were: Dioclea grandiflora Mart. ex Benth (mucunã), Hymenaea courbaril L. (jatobá), Syagrus cearensis Noblick (coco-catolé), Libidibia ferrea (Mart. ex Tul.) L.P.Queiroz (jucá), Sideroxylon obtusifolium (Roem. & Schult.) T.D.Penn. (quixabeira). We suggest that the scientific community concentrates research efforts on tree legumes, due to their resilience and physiological, nutritional, and culinary qualities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Cristine Medeiros Jacob
- Laboratório Horta Comunitária Nutrir, Nutrition Department, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Maria Fernanda Araújo de Medeiros
- Laboratório Horta Comunitária Nutrir, Nutrition Department, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque
- Botany Department, Laboratório de Ecologia e Evolução de Sistemas Socioecológicos, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Snyder LD, Gómez MI, Power AG. Crop Varietal Mixtures as a Strategy to Support Insect Pest Control, Yield, Economic, and Nutritional Services. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2020. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2020.00060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Azman Halimi R, Barkla BJ, Andrés-Hernandéz L, Mayes S, King GJ. Bridging the food security gap: an information-led approach to connect dietary nutrition, food composition and crop production. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2020; 100:1495-1504. [PMID: 31756768 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food security is recognized as a major global challenge, yet human food-chain systems are inherently not geared towards nutrition, with decisions on crop and cultivar choice not informed by dietary composition. Currently, food compositional tables and databases (FCT/FCDB) are the primary information sources for decisions relating to dietary intake. However, these only present single mean values representing major components. Establishment of a systematic controlled vocabulary to fill this gap requires representation of a more complex set of semantic relationships between terms used to describe nutritional composition and dietary function. RESULTS We carried out a survey of 11 FCT/FCDB and 177 peer-reviewed papers describing variation in nutritional composition and dietary function for food crops to identify a comprehensive set of terms to construct a controlled vocabulary. We used this information to generate a Crop Dietary Nutrition Data Framework (CDN-DF), which incorporates controlled vocabularies systematically organized into major classes representing nutritional components and dietary functions. We demonstrate the value of the CDN-DF for comparison of equivalent components between crop species or cultivars, for identifying data gaps and potential for formal meta-analysis. The CDN-DF also enabled us to explore relationships between nutritional components and the functional attributes of food. CONCLUSION We have generated a structured crop dietary nutrition data framework, which is generally applicable to the collation and comparison of data relevant to crop researchers, breeders, and other stakeholders, and will facilitate dialogue with nutritionists. It is currently guiding the establishment of a more robust formal ontology. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bronwyn J Barkla
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, Australia
| | | | - Sean Mayes
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Crop Improvement and Production, Crops For the Future, Semenyih, Malaysia
| | - Graham J King
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, Australia
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Crop Improvement and Production, Crops For the Future, Semenyih, Malaysia
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Longvah T, Prasad VSS. Nutritional variability and milling losses of rice landraces from Arunachal Pradesh, Northeast India. Food Chem 2020; 318:126385. [PMID: 32135417 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Rice landraces of North-East India have wide bio-diversity but remained nutritionally uncharacterized. Nutritional profiling of 33 indigenous rice landraces from the state of Arunachal Pradesh, Northeast India, and effect milling was evaluated. Total dietary fiber (5.22 g/100 g) was significantly higher than high yielding or hybrid cultivars. Principal nutrient variability of brown rice were: ash (13% c. v.) > insoluble dietary fibre, IDF (12% c. v.) > protein (11.% c.v.) fat (11% c. v.). Compositional diversity exists among rice landraces. Average iron was lesser but zinc content was higher than popular high yielding cultivars. Nutrient changes due to milling were most profound for thiamin (-69%), IDF (-66%) followed by phytate (-66%). Nutritionally Arunachal rice landraces are comparable to high yielding cultivars with added advantage of significantly higher total dietary fiber and lower phytate content. Thus, Arunachal rice landraces represents an agronomically and nutritionally important pool for rice improvement/breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Longvah
- ICMR National Institute of Nutrition, Jamai Osmania PO, Hyderabad 500 007, TS, India.
| | - V S S Prasad
- ICMR National Institute of Nutrition, Jamai Osmania PO, Hyderabad 500 007, TS, India
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Identification and frequency of consumption of wild edible plants over a year in central Tunisia: a mixed-methods approach. Public Health Nutr 2019; 23:782-794. [PMID: 31858933 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980019003409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify wild plants used as food and assess their frequency of consumption over a year in a region of Tunisia where agriculture is undergoing a major transformation from smallholder farming to an intensive high-input agricultural system. DESIGN Qualitative ethnobotanical study followed by a survey of women's frequency of consumption of wild plants conducted using FFQ at quarterly intervals. SETTING Sidi Bouzid governorate of central Tunisia. PARTICIPANTS Mixed-gender group of key informants (n 14) and focus group participants (n 43). Survey sample of women aged 20-49 years, representative at governorate level (n 584). RESULTS Ethnobotanical study: thirty folk species of wild edible plants corresponding to thirty-five taxa were identified by key informants, while twenty folk species (twenty-five taxa) were described by focus groups as commonly eaten. Population-based survey: 98 % of women had consumed a wild plant over the year, with a median frequency of 2 d/month. Wild and semi-domesticated fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill. and Anethum graveolens) was the most frequently consumed folk species. Women in the upper tertile of wild plant consumption frequency were more likely to be in their 30s, to live in an urban area, to have non-monetary access to foods from their extended family and to belong to wealthier households. CONCLUSIONS In this population, wild edible plants, predominantly leafy vegetables, are appreciated but consumed infrequently. Their favourable perception, however, offers an opportunity for promoting their consumption which could play a role in providing healthy diets and mitigating the obesity epidemic that is affecting the Tunisian population.
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Wada E, Feyissa T, Tesfaye K. Proximate, Mineral and Antinutrient Contents of Cocoyam ( Xanthosoma sagittifolium (L.) Schott) from Ethiopia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE 2019; 2019:8965476. [PMID: 31886167 PMCID: PMC6925732 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8965476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cocoyam (Xanthosoma sagittifolium (L.) Schott) is an important food crop especially in the tropics and subtropics. Its cormels and leaves are eaten after cooking in the rural areas in Ethiopia. There is lack of information on the nutritional composition of cocoyam grown in the country. In this study, cormels of green- and purple- cocoyams were analyzed to determine proximate and mineral contents and antinutritional factors. The moisture contents (%) of green- and purple-cocoyams were 61.91 and 63.53, respectively. Crude protein (10.10%) and fiber (2.66%) contents of purple cocoyam were significantly higher than crude protein (8.48%) and fiber (2.14%) contents of green cocoyam. Fat contents (%) of the green- and purple cocoyam were 0.85 and 0.22, respectively. Ash content of green cocoyam (3.25%) was significantly higher than the ash content of purple cocoyam (2.27%). The carbohydrate contents (%) and gross energy values (kcal/100 g) of green- and purple-cocoyam, respectively, were 85.36 and 378.47 and 84.76 and 380.27, showing that cocoyam grown in Ethiopia can be a good source of energy. Mineral contents (mg/100 g) of green cocoyam were determined as Fe (8.20), Zn (3.07), Cu (1.04), Mg (78.77), Mn (2.48), P (120.93), Na (29.22), K (1085.70) and Ca (56.57) while purple cocoyam had Fe (9.88), Zn (3.12), Cu (1.14), Mg (82.00), Mn (3.74), P (129.87), Na (24.33), K (1223.30) and Ca (44.90). High antinutritional factors (phytate and tannin) (mg/100 g) were determined from both green- and purple-cocoyam genotypes with significantly higher quantities in purple cocoyam (187.57 phytate and 156.1 tannin) than the green cocoyam (167.76 phytate and 139.62 tannin). This study provided important information about the nutritional composition of cocoyam from Ethiopia, which can help to develop cocoyam food products and to promote production and utilization of cocoyam by encouraging its sustainable use. More detailed analyses including processing and sensory testing are suggested for further investigation in order to obtain healthful and comfortable cocoyam products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eyasu Wada
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Wolaita Sodo University, P.O. Box 138, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia
| | - Tileye Feyissa
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Kassahun Tesfaye
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Ejoh SI, Wireko-Manu FD, Page D, Renard CMGC. Traditional green leafy vegetables as underutilised sources of micronutrients in a rural farming community in south-west Nigeria I: estimation of vitamin C, carotenoids and mineral contents. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/16070658.2019.1652963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shirley Isibhakhomen Ejoh
- UMR408 SQPOV ‘Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d’Origine Végétale’, INRA, Avignon Université, Avignon, France
| | - Faustina Dufie Wireko-Manu
- UMR408 SQPOV ‘Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d’Origine Végétale’, INRA, Avignon Université, Avignon, France
| | - David Page
- UMR408 SQPOV ‘Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d’Origine Végétale’, INRA, Avignon Université, Avignon, France
| | - Catherine MGC Renard
- UMR408 SQPOV ‘Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d’Origine Végétale’, INRA, Avignon Université, Avignon, France
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Hunter D, Borelli T, Beltrame DMO, Oliveira CNS, Coradin L, Wasike VW, Wasilwa L, Mwai J, Manjella A, Samarasinghe GWL, Madhujith T, Nadeeshani HVH, Tan A, Ay ST, Güzelsoy N, Lauridsen N, Gee E, Tartanac F. The potential of neglected and underutilized species for improving diets and nutrition. PLANTA 2019; 250:709-729. [PMID: 31025196 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-019-03169-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Nutrient-rich neglected and underutilized plant species could help transform food systems, provided science and policy are better connected, and greater coordination exists among the diverse stakeholders working with these species. Why have our food systems come to rely on such a narrow range of plant species of limited nutritional value? Today three staple crops (rice, maize and wheat) account for more than 50% of calories consumed while we continue to disregard the huge diversity of nutrient-rich plant species utilized by humanity throughout our history. The reasons for this situation are complex and challenging. Creative approaches are required to ensure greater integration of these plant species in agriculture and food systems, and ultimately greater food diversity on our plates and in our diets. This paper presents an overview of the nutritional value of select neglected and underutilized species (NUS) before describing in detail the work undertaken in four mega-diverse countries-Brazil, Kenya, Sri Lanka and Turkey-to increase the knowledge, appreciation, awareness and utilization of this nutrient-rich biodiversity encompassing both orphan crops and wild edible plant species. The paper highlights the novel and ingenious approaches these countries have used to prioritize a rich diversity of NUS for healthier diets and improved nutrition, and how this knowledge has been used to mainstream these plant species into production and consumption systems, including linking NUS to school meals and public food procurement, dietary guidelines and sustainable gastronomy. The paper concludes with some perspectives on the way forward for NUS and the community working on them (including researchers, universities and government agencies, national ministries, municipalities, producers, and civil society) in meeting the challenges of malnutrition and environmental sustainability in the 2030 sustainable development context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny Hunter
- Bioversity International, via dei Tre Denari 472/a, 00054, Rome, Italy.
| | - Teresa Borelli
- Bioversity International, via dei Tre Denari 472/a, 00054, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela M O Beltrame
- Biodiversity for Food and Nutrition Project, Ministry of the Environment, SEPN 505, Norte, Bloco "B", CEP 70.730-542, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Camila N S Oliveira
- Biodiversity for Food and Nutrition Project, Ministry of the Environment, SEPN 505, Norte, Bloco "B", CEP 70.730-542, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Lidio Coradin
- Biodiversity for Food and Nutrition Project, Ministry of the Environment, SEPN 505, Norte, Bloco "B", CEP 70.730-542, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Victor W Wasike
- Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Lusike Wasilwa
- Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - John Mwai
- Human Nutrition and Dietetics Unit, Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Aurillia Manjella
- Bioversity International, via dei Tre Denari 472/a, 00054, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Terrence Madhujith
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Harshani V H Nadeeshani
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Ayfer Tan
- Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Saadet Tuğrul Ay
- Bati Akdeniz Agricultural Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Nurcan Güzelsoy
- Central Research Institute of Food and Feed Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Nina Lauridsen
- Bioversity International, via dei Tre Denari 472/a, 00054, Rome, Italy
| | - Eliot Gee
- Bioversity International, via dei Tre Denari 472/a, 00054, Rome, Italy
| | - Florence Tartanac
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, Rome, Italy
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Resman B, Rahelić D, Gajdoš Kljusurić J, Martinis I. Food composition database reliability in calculations of diet offers. J Food Compost Anal 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2019.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Ghosh-Jerath S, Singh A, Lyngdoh T, Magsumbol MS, Kamboj P, Goldberg G. Estimates of Indigenous Food Consumption and Their Contribution to Nutrient Intake in Oraon Tribal Women of Jharkhand, India. Food Nutr Bull 2018; 39:581-594. [DOI: 10.1177/0379572118805652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suparna Ghosh-Jerath
- Indian Institute of Public Health–Delhi (IIPH-Delhi), Public Health Foundation of India (PHFI), Gurgaon, India
| | - Archna Singh
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Tanica Lyngdoh
- Indian Institute of Public Health–Delhi (IIPH-Delhi), Public Health Foundation of India (PHFI), Gurgaon, India
| | | | - Preeti Kamboj
- Lady Irwin College, Delhi University, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Gail Goldberg
- Nutrition and Bone Health Research Group, MRC Human Nutrition Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Dias MG, Olmedilla-Alonso B, Hornero-Méndez D, Mercadante AZ, Osorio C, Vargas-Murga L, Meléndez-Martínez AJ. Comprehensive Database of Carotenoid Contents in Ibero-American Foods. A Valuable Tool in the Context of Functional Foods and the Establishment of Recommended Intakes of Bioactives. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:5055-5107. [PMID: 29614229 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b06148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Foods that are commonly consumed in the diet are considered to provide more than 40 different carotenoids. However, the content in carotenoids varies considerably in both qualitative and quantitative terms as a consequence of different genotypes, climatic conditions of the production area, and agronomic factors, among others. In this paper, analytical data, obtained by HPLC or UHPLC, of carotenoids in fruits and vegetables produced in Ibero-America have been compiled from peer-reviewed journals, organized in food categories, and documented in relation to the sampling and analytical quality system used. In addition to common products of the diet of the Ibero-American countries, other wild or little used fruit and vegetables have been included with the aim of contributing to promote and to value species and local varieties. The importance of the commodities containing carotenoids in food, health, agriculture, and biodiversity, and the need of their preservation, was evidenced in this work namely by the large differences in carotenoid content related to the locals of production and varieties, and the high levels of carotenoids in native fruits and vegetables. The contribution of these compounds to meet the needs of vitamin A as well as the necessity of establishing recommendation for the daily intakes of theses bioactive compounds were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Graça Dias
- Food and Nutrition Department , National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, IP (INSA) , Av. Padre Cruz , 1649-016 Lisboa , Portugal
| | - B Olmedilla-Alonso
- Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN) , Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) , C/José Antonio Novais, 10 , 28040 - Madrid , Spain
| | - D Hornero-Méndez
- Departament of Food Phytochemistry , Instituto de la Grasa (IG-CSIC) , Campus Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Edificio 46. Ctra. de Utrera, Km 1 , 41013 - Seville , Spain
| | - A Z Mercadante
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Engineering , University of Campinas (UNICAMP) , 13083-862 Campinas , Brazil
| | - C Osorio
- Departamento de Química, AA 14490 , Universidad Nacional de Colombia-Sede Bogotá , 111321 - Bogotá , Colombia
| | - L Vargas-Murga
- Biothani Europe S.L. Can Lleganya , 17451 - Sant Feliu de Buixalleu (Girona) , Spain
| | - A J Meléndez-Martínez
- Food Colour & Quality Laboratory, Area of Nutrition & Food Science , Universidad de Sevilla , 41012 - Seville , Spain
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Micha R, Coates J, Leclercq C, Charrondiere UR, Mozaffarian D. Global Dietary Surveillance: Data Gaps and Challenges. Food Nutr Bull 2018; 39:175-205. [PMID: 29478333 DOI: 10.1177/0379572117752986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Detailed information on global individual-level consumption patterns is imperative for informed policy making. However, such data are dispersed and incomplete. OBJECTIVE To review and discuss the methodologies, observed data availability, challenges, and opportunities pertaining to global dietary surveillance. METHODS This investigation provides an extensive review of global dietary assessment methodologies and challenges, including at the survey level, the dietary collection and assessment level, and the dietary data processing and analysis level. The focus is on nationally representative individual-level data, and additional types of dietary data, such as dietary biomarkers, household assessment, and food availability, are reviewed as alternatives. Practical guidance is provided to inform key decisions when designing dietary surveys and collecting, analyzing, and using dietary data. This article further identifies and describes existing global and regional dietary initiatives/data sets. RESULTS Harmonized and standardized primary individual-level dietary data collection, processing, and analysis worldwide are currently not available. Evaluation and decision-making should be based on best available data, that is, secondary nonharmonized yet to the extent possible, standardized individual-level dietary data. Existing initiatives differ substantially in methodologies, including survey design/representativeness, coverage, diet assessment, and dietary metric standardization and processing. Data gaps have been identified that were more profound for certain countries, certain dietary indicators across countries, population subgroups, representativeness, or time periods. CONCLUSIONS Optimizing worldwide dietary habits to improve population health requires systematically identified and evaluated data on a continuing basis. Leveraging existing available dietary data and efforts is an indispensable prerequisite for informed priority setting targeting the intersections between diet and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Micha
- 1 Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer Coates
- 1 Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Dariush Mozaffarian
- 1 Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
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Meyer N, Reguant-Closa A. "Eat as If You Could Save the Planet and Win!" Sustainability Integration into Nutrition for Exercise and Sport. Nutrients 2017; 9:E412. [PMID: 28430140 PMCID: PMC5409751 DOI: 10.3390/nu9040412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Today's industrial food production contributes significantly to environmental degradation. Meat production accounts for the largest impact, including greenhouse gas emissions, land and water use. While food production and consumption are important aspects when addressing climate change, this article focuses predominantly on dietary change that promotes both health for planet and people with focus on athletes. Healthy, sustainable eating recommendations begin to appear in various governmental guidelines. However, there remains resistance to the suggested reductions in meat consumption. While food citizens are likely to choose what is good for them and the planet, others may not, unless healthy eating initiatives integrate creative food literacy approaches with experiential learning as a potential vehicle for change. This concept paper is organized in three sections: (1) Environmental impact of food; (2) health and sustainability connections; and (3) application in sports and exercise. For active individuals, this article focuses on the quantity of protein, highlighting meat and dairy, and quality of food, with topics such as organic production and biodiversity. Finally, the timing of when to integrate sustainability principles in sport nutrition is discussed, followed by practical applications for education and inclusion in team, institutional, and event operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanna Meyer
- Health Sciences Department, University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, CO 80918, USA.
| | - Alba Reguant-Closa
- International Doctoral School, University of Andorra, Principality of Andorra, Sant Julià de Lòria AD600, Andorra.
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Coates JC, Colaiezzi BA, Bell W, Charrondiere UR, Leclercq C. Overcoming Dietary Assessment Challenges in Low-Income Countries: Technological Solutions Proposed by the International Dietary Data Expansion (INDDEX) Project. Nutrients 2017; 9:E289. [PMID: 28300759 PMCID: PMC5372952 DOI: 10.3390/nu9030289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of low-income countries (LICs) exhibit high rates of malnutrition coincident with rising rates of overweight and obesity. Individual-level dietary data are needed to inform effective responses, yet dietary data from large-scale surveys conducted in LICs remain extremely limited. This discussion paper first seeks to highlight the barriers to collection and use of individual-level dietary data in LICs. Second, it introduces readers to new technological developments and research initiatives to remedy this situation, led by the International Dietary Data Expansion (INDDEX) Project. Constraints to conducting large-scale dietary assessments include significant costs, time burden, technical complexity, and limited investment in dietary research infrastructure, including the necessary tools and databases required to collect individual-level dietary data in large surveys. To address existing bottlenecks, the INDDEX Project is developing a dietary assessment platform for LICs, called INDDEX24, consisting of a mobile application integrated with a web database application, which is expected to facilitate seamless data collection and processing. These tools will be subject to rigorous testing including feasibility, validation, and cost studies. To scale up dietary data collection and use in LICs, the INDDEX Project will also invest in food composition databases, an individual-level dietary data dissemination platform, and capacity development activities. Although the INDDEX Project activities are expected to improve the ability of researchers and policymakers in low-income countries to collect, process, and use dietary data, the global nutrition community is urged to commit further significant investments in order to adequately address the range and scope of challenges described in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer C Coates
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
| | - Brooke A Colaiezzi
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
| | - Winnie Bell
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
| | | | - Catherine Leclercq
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Roma 00153, Italy.
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Hunter D, Özkan I, Moura de Oliveira Beltrame D, Samarasinghe WLG, Wasike VW, Charrondière UR, Borelli T, Sokolow J. Enabled or Disabled: Is the Environment Right for Using Biodiversity to Improve Nutrition? Front Nutr 2016; 3:14. [PMID: 27376067 PMCID: PMC4893633 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2016.00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
How can we ensure that 9 billion people will have access to a nutritious and healthy diet that is produced in a sustainable manner by 2050? Despite major advances, our global food system still fails to feed a significant part of humanity adequately. Diversifying food systems and diets to include nutrient-rich species can help reduce malnutrition, while contributing other multiple benefits including healthy ecosystems. While research continues to demonstrate the value of incorporating biodiversity into food systems and diets, perverse subsidies, and barriers often prevent this. Countries like Brazil have shown that, by strategic actions and interventions, it is indeed possible to create better contexts to mainstream biodiversity for improved nutrition into government programs and public policies. Despite some progress, there are few global and national policy mechanisms or processes that effectively join biodiversity with agriculture and nutrition efforts. This perspective paper discusses the benefits of biodiversity for nutrition and explores what an enabling environment for biodiversity to improve nutrition might look like, including examples of steps and actions from a multi-country project that other countries might replicate. Finally, we suggest what it might take to create enabling environments to mainstream biodiversity into global initiatives and national programs and policies on food and nutrition security. With demand for new thinking about how we improve agriculture for nutrition and growing international recognition of the role biodiversity, the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development presents an opportunity to move beyond business-as-usual to more holistic approaches to food and nutrition security.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Isa Özkan
- General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policy, Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock , Ankara , Turkey
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Grande F, Giuntini EB, Lajolo FM, de Menezes EW. How do calculation method and food data source affect estimates of vitamin A content in foods and dietary intake? J Food Compost Anal 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2015.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Towns AM, van Andel T. Wild plants, pregnancy, and the food-medicine continuum in the southern regions of Ghana and Benin. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 179:375-82. [PMID: 26773843 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In West Africa, women utilize wild plant species to maintain and enhance their health throughout the duration of pregnancy. These plants are a culturally resilient and financially accessible form of nourishment for pregnant women in the region, many of whom are malnourished, yet studies that identify both the nutritional and medicinal properties of these plants are limited. AIM OF THE STUDY The objective of this study was to analyze women's knowledge of plants consumed in pregnancy in the southern regions of Ghana and Benin from a food-medicine continuum perspective. MATERIALS AND METHODS We gathered data in two fieldwork periods in West Africa (Ghana 2010 and Benin 2011) through herbal market surveys and 56 questionnaires with women and then conducted a literature review on known properties of the plants. RESULTS Ghanaian women reported consuming wild greens such as iron-rich Nephrolepis biserrata and tree barks such as protein-rich Ricinodendron heudelotii in a soup based on the African oil palm fruit (Elaeis guineensis), a source of fatty acids. In Benin, participants frequently reported ingesting plants during pregnancy in the form of herbal teas. Commonly cited species included Securidaca longipedunculata, Dichapetalum madagascariense, and Schwenckia americana. Several of the plants demonstrated antioxidant, anti-malarial and anti-inflammatory activity in pharmacological studies, yet the majority has incomplete nutritional and pharmacological profiles. In total, informants cited 105 species that were consumed during pregnancy. Although Ghanaian and Beninese women mentioned different species and different forms of consumption, in both countries women cited "strengthening" as the most common motivation to consume wild plants during pregnancy. Strengthening is a concept that resonates within the food-medicine continuum, bridging the local diet and herbal pharmacopoeia of women's plant use during pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS Ethnobotanical studies of this nature highlight the multidimensional use of plants and can improve health and nutritional programs in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra M Towns
- Leiden University, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 4, Postbus 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tinde van Andel
- Wageningen University, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 4, Postbus 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Charrondiere UR, Rittenschober D, Nowak V, Nicodemi C, Bruggeling P, Petracchi C. FAO/INFOODS e-Learning Course on Food Composition Data. Food Chem 2016; 193:6-11. [PMID: 26433280 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.11.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Revised: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The FAO/INFOODS e-Learning Course on Food Composition Data was developed to close existing knowledge gaps on food composition of professionals working with those data. It covers the important aspects of food composition, is based on instructional design, is highly interactive and comprises 14 lessons of approximate 10h duration. It was developed primarily for usage in universities, but also suits self-paced learning and blended learning programmes. It is available at: http://www.fao.org/infoods/infoods/training/en/ free-of-charge in English, as on-line version or CD-ROM. Feedback from users was very positive and universities start to incorporate it into their curricula. The translation into other languages and the implementation of a certification and assessment programme are envisaged. e-Learning is cost-effective and reaches a wide audience. The course is expected to contribute to the improved data quality, usage, generation, publication and appreciation of food composition data.
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Powell B, Thilsted SH, Ickowitz A, Termote C, Sunderland T, Herforth A. Improving diets with wild and cultivated biodiversity from across the landscape. Food Secur 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s12571-015-0466-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Gill M, Feliciano D, Macdiarmid J, Smith P. The environmental impact of nutrition transition in three case study countries. Food Secur 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s12571-015-0453-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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40
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Termote C, Raneri J, Deptford A, Cogill B. Assessing the potential of wild foods to reduce the cost of a nutritionally adequate diet: an example from eastern Baringo District, Kenya. Food Nutr Bull 2015; 35:458-79. [PMID: 25639131 DOI: 10.1177/156482651403500408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wild foods and their actual and potential contributions to nutrition security have rarely been studied or considered in nutrition and conservation programs. OBJECTIVE To study the role of wild food biodiversity in achieving a cost reduction of a nutritionally adequate diet for women and young children in Kenya using linear programming. METHODS An ethnobiological inventory of available food biodiversity was carried out by means of focus group discussions, and five wild foods were selected for further modeling. A market survey assessed available food prices by season. Diets were modeled to minimize cost and maximize nutrient adequacy using the Cost of Diet linear programming tool. Modeling was done without and with wild foods. RESULTS The modeled diets without wild species were deficient in iron for all age groups during the dry season, deficient in vitamin B6 and calcium for infants aged 6 to 8 months during the dry season, and deficient in iron and zinc for infants aged 6 to 8 months over the whole year. Adding wild foods, especially Berchemia discolor, to the modeled diets resulted in a lower-cost diet, while meeting recommended iron intakes for women and children between 12 and 23 months of age. Even after integrating wild foods into the model, targeted approaches are needed to meet micronutrient requirements for infants from 6 to 8 and from 9 to 11 months of age. CONCLUSIONS An application of linear programming to screen available wild foods for meeting recommended nutrient intakes at a minimal cost was illustrated. This type of study helps to objectively assess the potential of biodiversity to contribute to diets and nutrition.
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Seasonality and dietary requirements: will eating seasonal food contribute to health and environmental sustainability? Proc Nutr Soc 2015; 73:368-75. [PMID: 25027288 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665113003753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Eating more seasonal food is one proposal for moving towards more sustainable consumption patterns, based on the assumption that it could reduce the environmental impact of the diet. The aim of the present paper is to consider the implications of eating seasonal food on the different elements of sustainability (i.e. health, economics, society), not just the environment. Seasonality can be defined as either globally seasonal (i.e. produced in the natural production season but consumed anywhere in the world) or locally seasonal (i.e. produced in the natural production season and consumed within the same climatic zone). The environmental, health, economic and societal impact varies by the definition used. Global seasonality has the nutritional benefit of providing a more varied and consistent supply of fresh produce year round, but this increases demand for foods that in turn can have a high environmental cost in the country of production (e.g. water stress, land use change with loss of biodiversity). Greenhouse gas emissions of globally seasonal food are not necessarily higher than food produced locally as it depends more on the production system used than transportation. Eating more seasonal food, however, is only one element of a sustainable diet and should not overshadow some of the potentially more difficult dietary behaviours to change that could have greater environmental and health benefits (e.g. reducing overconsumption or meat consumption). For future guidelines for sustainable diets to be realistic they will need to take into account modern lifestyles, cultural and social expectations in the current food environment.
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Abstract
The stark observation of the co-existence of undernourishment, nutrient deficiencies and overweight and obesity, the triple burden of malnutrition, is inviting us to reconsider health and nutrition as the primary goal and final endpoint of food systems. Agriculture and the food industry have made remarkable advances in the past decades. However, their development has not entirely fulfilled health and nutritional needs, and moreover, they have generated substantial collateral losses in agricultural biodiversity. Simultaneously, several regions are experiencing unprecedented weather events caused by climate change and habitat depletion, in turn putting at risk global food and nutrition security. This coincidence of food crises with increasing environmental degradation suggests an urgent need for novel analyses and new paradigms. The sustainable diets concept proposes a research and policy agenda that strives towards a sustainable use of human and natural resources for food and nutrition security, highlighting the preeminent role of consumers in defining sustainable options and the importance of biodiversity in nutrition. Food systems act as complex social-ecological systems, involving multiple interactions between human and natural components. Nutritional patterns and environment structure are interconnected in a mutual dynamic of changes. The systemic nature of these interactions calls for multidimensional approaches and integrated assessment and simulation tools to guide change. This paper proposes a review and conceptual modelling framework that articulate the synergies and tradeoffs between dietary diversity, widely recognised as key for healthy diets, and agricultural biodiversity and associated ecosystem functions, crucial resilience factors to climate and global changes.
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Nutrient composition of selected traditional United States Northern Plains Native American plant foods. J Food Compost Anal 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2014.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Powell B, Ouarghidi A, Johns T, Ibn Tattou M, Eyzaguirre P. Wild leafy vegetable use and knowledge across multiple sites in Morocco: a case study for transmission of local knowledge? JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2014; 10:34. [PMID: 24708730 PMCID: PMC4008438 DOI: 10.1186/1746-4269-10-34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are few publications on the use and diversity of wild leafy vegetables (WLVs) in Morocco. In order to address this gap, we conducted ethnobotanical field work in Taounate, Azilal and El House regions. METHODS Ethnobotanical collections, free listing, qualitative interviews and a 7 day food frequency questionnaire. RESULTS More than 30 species in 23 genera of WLV were identified. Of these 4 had not previously recorded as WLVs used in Morocco in the literature. WLVs were used by 84% of households surveyed in Taounate (N = 61, in March 2005), and were used up to 4 times a week. Qualitative data revealed both positive and negative perceptions of WLVs and detailed knowledge about preparation among women. The greatest diversity of WLV knowledge and use was in the Rif Mountains (Taounate). There was significant variation in nomenclature and salience of WLVs, not only between regions, but also between villages in the same region. Within the same region (or even village) different local names were used for a given species or genus, and different species were identified by the same local name (including species from different botanical families). Data showed greater overlap in knowledge among villages using the same market. CONCLUSION We believe the results suggest that markets are important sites for WLV knowledge transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bronwen Powell
- Centre for International Forestry Research, Bogor, Indonesia
- School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Timothy Johns
- School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Mohamed Ibn Tattou
- Département de Botanique et Ecologie Végétale, Institut Scientifique de Rabat (ISR), University Mohammed V - Agdal, Rabat, Morocco
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Prosperi P, Allen T, Padilla M, Peri I, Cogill B. Sustainability and Food & Nutrition Security. SAGE OPEN 2014. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1177/2158244014539169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Recurrent food crises and climate change, along with habitat loss and micronutrient deficiencies, are global issues of critical importance that have pushed food security and environmental sustainability to the top of the political agenda. Analyses of the dynamic linkages between food consumption patterns and environmental concerns have recently received considerable attention from the international and scientific community. Using the lens of a broad sustainability approach, this conceptual article aims at developing a multidimensional framework to evaluate the sustainability of food systems and diets, applicable to countries of the Mediterranean region. Derived from natural disaster and sustainability sciences, a vulnerability approach, enhanced by inputs from the resilience literature, has been adapted to analyze the main issues related to food and nutrition security. Through causal factor analysis, the resulting conceptual framework improves the design of information systems or metrics assessing the interrelated environmental, economic, social, and health dynamics of food systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Prosperi
- CIHEAM-IAMM, Montpellier, France
- University of Catania, DiGeSA, Italy
- Montpellier SupAgro, Moïsa, France
| | | | | | - Iuri Peri
- University of Catania, DiGeSA, Italy
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de Lourdes Contreras-Pacheco M, Santacruz-Ruvalcaba F, García-Fajardo JA, de Jesús Sánchez G. J, Ruíz L. MA, Estarrón-Espinosa M, Castro-Castro A. Diosgenin quantification, characterisation and chemical composition in a tuber collection of Dioscoreaspp. in the state of Jalisco, Mexico. Int J Food Sci Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.12193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- María de Lourdes Contreras-Pacheco
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias; Universidad de Guadalajara; Km 15.5, Carretera Guadalajara-Nogales; Las Agujas; Zapopan; Jalisco; C.P. 45110; México
| | - Fernando Santacruz-Ruvalcaba
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias; Universidad de Guadalajara; Km 15.5, Carretera Guadalajara-Nogales; Las Agujas; Zapopan; Jalisco; C.P. 45110; México
| | - Jorge A. García-Fajardo
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco; A.C. Av. Normalistas No. 800; Colinas de la Normal; Guadalajara; Jalisco; C.P. 44270; México
| | - José de Jesús Sánchez G.
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias; Universidad de Guadalajara; Km 15.5, Carretera Guadalajara-Nogales; Las Agujas; Zapopan; Jalisco; C.P. 45110; México
| | - Mario A. Ruíz L.
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias; Universidad de Guadalajara; Km 15.5, Carretera Guadalajara-Nogales; Las Agujas; Zapopan; Jalisco; C.P. 45110; México
| | - Mirna Estarrón-Espinosa
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco; A.C. Av. Normalistas No. 800; Colinas de la Normal; Guadalajara; Jalisco; C.P. 44270; México
| | - Arturo Castro-Castro
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias; Universidad de Guadalajara; Km 15.5, Carretera Guadalajara-Nogales; Las Agujas; Zapopan; Jalisco; C.P. 45110; México
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Korošec M, Golob T, Bertoncelj J, Stibilj V, Seljak BK. The Slovenian food composition database. Food Chem 2013; 140:495-9. [PMID: 23601397 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2011] [Revised: 12/22/2012] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The preliminary Slovenian food composition database was created in 2003, through the application of the Data management and Alimenta nutritional software. In the subsequent projects, data on the composition of meat and meat products of Slovenian origin were gathered from analyses, and low-quality data of the preliminary database were discarded. The first volume of the Slovenian food composition database was published in 2006, in both electronic and paper versions. When Slovenia joined the EuroFIR NoE, the LanguaL indexing system was adopted. The Optijed nutritional software was developed, and later upgraded to the OPEN platform. This platform serves as an electronic database that currently comprises 620 foods, and as the Slovenian node in the EuroFIR virtual information platform. With the assimilation of the data on the compositions of foods of plant origin obtained within the latest project, the Slovenian database provides a good source for food compositional values of consistent and compatible quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojca Korošec
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Charrondiere UR, Stadlmayr B, Wijesinha-Bettoni R, Rittenschober D, Nowak V, Burlingame B. INFOODS Contributions to Fulfilling Needs and Meeting Challenges Concerning Food Composition Databases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.profoo.2013.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Stadlmayr B, Charrondière UR, Burlingame B. Development of a regional food composition table for West Africa. Food Chem 2012; 140:443-6. [PMID: 23601389 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.09.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2011] [Revised: 09/01/2012] [Accepted: 09/30/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Knowledge of the nutrient content of foods is fundamental for virtually all nutrition-related projects, programmes and policies. Low quality compositional data may lead to inappropriate policies and funds spent unnecessarily. Existing food composition tables (FCT) for most West African countries date back to 1960 and 1970 and contain in general few foods and components without documentation. As a result of the recommendations by the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) Nutrition forum and other high level meetings, FAO/INFOODS, WAHO/ECOWAS and Bioversity International developed the West African FCT. It contains 472 foods and 28 components. Emphasis was given to include data on food biodiversity by incorporating cultivars/varieties and underutilized foods. The West African FCT enables users to address diet-related health problems, strengthen local development, enhance trade and promote biodiversity. In addition it contributes to poverty alleviation in both rural and urban areas. The FCT needs to be updated regularly and it is the most recent example of INFOODS for regional food composition activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Stadlmayr
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Rome, Italy.
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