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Shahwar D, Mushtaq Z, Mushtaq H, Alqarawi AA, Park Y, Alshahrani TS, Faizan S. Role of microbial inoculants as bio fertilizers for improving crop productivity: A review. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16134. [PMID: 37255980 PMCID: PMC10225898 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The world's population is increasing and is anticipated to spread 10 billion by 2050, and the issue of food security is becoming a global concern. To maintain global food security, it is essential to increase crop productivity under changing climatic conditions. Conventional agricultural practices frequently use artificial/chemical fertilizers to enhance crop productivity, but these have numerous negative effects on the environment and people's health. To address these issues, researchers have been concentrating on substitute crop fertilization methods for many years, and biofertilizers as a crucial part of agricultural practices are quickly gaining popularity all over the globe. Biofertilizers are living formulations made of indigenous plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) which are substantial, environment-friendly, and economical biofertilizers for amassing crop productivity by enhancing plant development either directly or indirectly, and are the renewable source of plant nutrients and sustainable agronomy. The review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge on microbial inoculants as biofertilizers, including their types, mechanisms of action, effects on crop productivity, challenges, and limitations associated with the use of microbial inoculants. In this review, we focused on the application of biofertilizers to agricultural fields in plant growth development by performing several activities like nitrogen fixation, siderophore production, phytohormone production, nutrient solubilization, and facilitating easy uptake by crop plants. Further, we discussed the indirect mechanism of PGPRs, in developing induced system resistance against pest and diseases, and as a biocontrol agent for phytopathogens. This review article presents a brief outline of the ideas and uses of microbial inoculants in improving crop productivity as well as a discussion of the challenges and limitations to use microbial inoculants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durre Shahwar
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, U.P., India
- Plant Genomics and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Horticultural Bioscience, Pusan National University, Miryang, 50463, South Korea
| | - Zeenat Mushtaq
- Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Humira Mushtaq
- Research and Training Center on Pollinators and Pollination Management Section, Division of Entomology, SKAUST, Kashmir, 190025, India
| | - Abdulaziz A. Alqarawi
- Department of Plant Production, College of Food & Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Younghoon Park
- Plant Genomics and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Horticultural Bioscience, Pusan National University, Miryang, 50463, South Korea
| | - Thobayet S. Alshahrani
- Department of Plant Production, College of Food & Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahla Faizan
- Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
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Tshikhudo PP, Ntushelo K, Mudau FN. Sustainable Applications of Endophytic Bacteria and Their Physiological/Biochemical Roles on Medicinal and Herbal Plants: Review. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11020453. [PMID: 36838418 PMCID: PMC9967847 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11020453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial endophytes reside within the tissues of living plant species without causing any harm or disease to their hosts. These endophytes can be isolated, identified, characterized, and used as biofertilizers. Moreover, bacterial endophytes increase the plants' resistance against diseases, pests, and parasites, and are a promising source of pharmaceutically important bioactives. For instance, the production of antibiotics, auxins, biosurfactants, cytokinin's, ethylene, enzymes, gibberellins, nitric oxide organic acids, osmolytes, and siderophores is accredited to the existence of various bacterial strains. Thus, this manuscript intends to review the sustainable applications of endophytic bacteria to promote the growth, development, and chemical integrity of medicinal and herbal plants, as well as their role in plant physiology. The study of the importance of bacterial endophytes in the suppression of diseases in medicinal and herbal plants is crucial and a promising area of future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phumudzo Patrick Tshikhudo
- Department of Agriculture, Land Reform and Rural Development, Directorate Plant Health, Division Pest Risk Analysis, Arcadia, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
- Correspondence:
| | - Khayalethu Ntushelo
- Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Private Bag X6, Florida 1710, South Africa
| | - Fhatuwani Nixwell Mudau
- School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg 3209, South Africa
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Biologicals and their plant stress tolerance ability. Symbiosis 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13199-022-00842-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Potentiality of Formulated Bioagents from Lab to Field: A Sustainable Alternative for Minimizing the Use of Chemical Fungicide in Controlling Potato Late Blight. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14084383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Late blight of potato caused by an oomycete, Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) De Bary limits the production of potato worldwide. Late blight management has been based on chemical fungicide application, and the repeated use of these fungicides introduces new and more aggressive genotypes, which can rapidly overcome host resistance. Therefore, innovative and effective control measures are needed if fungicide use is to be reduced or eliminated. Some potential formulated bacterial bioagents viz. Pseudomonas putida (BDISO64RanP) and Bacillus subtilis (BDISO36ThaR), and fungal bioagents viz. Trichoderma paraviridicens (BDISOF67R) and T. erinaceum (BDISOF91R), were evaluated for their performance in controlling late blight of potato under growth chamber and field conditions. Both artificial inoculation and field experiments revealed that eight sprays of these bacterial (P. putida and B. subtilis) and fungal (T. erinaceum) bioagents were found to be most effective at reducing late blight severity by 99% up until 60 days after planting (DAP), whereas these bioagents were found to be partially effective until 70 DAP, reducing late blight severity by 46 to 60% and 58 to 60% in the field and growth chamber conditions, respectively. However, these bioagents can reduce the spray frequencies of Curzate M8 by 50% (four sprays instead of eight) when applied together with this fungicide. Economic analysis revealed that T6 (eight sprays of formulated P. putida + B. subtilis + four sprays of Curzate M8) and T16 (eight sprays of formulated P. putida, B. subtilis, and T. erinaceum + four sprays of Curzate M8) performed better in consecutive two years, applying less fungicidal spray compared to T1 (eight sprays of Curzate M8 (Positive control)), which indicated that the return ranged, by Bangladeshi Currency (Taka), from 0.85 to 0.90 over the investment of Bangladeshi Currency (Taka) 1.00 in these treatments, and these results together highlight the possibility of using bioagents in reducing late blight of potato under a proper warning system to reduce the application frequency of chemical fungicide.
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Saeed Q, Xiukang W, Haider FU, Kučerik J, Mumtaz MZ, Holatko J, Naseem M, Kintl A, Ejaz M, Naveed M, Brtnicky M, Mustafa A. Rhizosphere Bacteria in Plant Growth Promotion, Biocontrol, and Bioremediation of Contaminated Sites: A Comprehensive Review of Effects and Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10529. [PMID: 34638870 PMCID: PMC8509026 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Agriculture in the 21st century is facing multiple challenges, such as those related to soil fertility, climatic fluctuations, environmental degradation, urbanization, and the increase in food demand for the increasing world population. In the meanwhile, the scientific community is facing key challenges in increasing crop production from the existing land base. In this regard, traditional farming has witnessed enhanced per acre crop yields due to irregular and injudicious use of agrochemicals, including pesticides and synthetic fertilizers, but at a substantial environmental cost. Another major concern in modern agriculture is that crop pests are developing pesticide resistance. Therefore, the future of sustainable crop production requires the use of alternative strategies that can enhance crop yields in an environmentally sound manner. The application of rhizobacteria, specifically, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), as an alternative to chemical pesticides has gained much attention from the scientific community. These rhizobacteria harbor a number of mechanisms through which they promote plant growth, control plant pests, and induce resistance to various abiotic stresses. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms of rhizobacteria involved in plant growth promotion, biocontrol of pests, and bioremediation of contaminated soils. It also focuses on the effects of PGPR inoculation on plant growth survival under environmental stress. Furthermore, the pros and cons of rhizobacterial application along with future directions for the sustainable use of rhizobacteria in agriculture are discussed in depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qudsia Saeed
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China;
| | - Wang Xiukang
- College of Life Sciences, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, China
| | - Fasih Ullah Haider
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
| | - Jiří Kučerik
- Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Environmental Protection, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 118, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.K.); (M.B.)
| | - Muhammad Zahid Mumtaz
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Defense Road, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
| | - Jiri Holatko
- Department of Agrochemistry, Soil Science, Microbiology and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.H.); (A.K.)
| | - Munaza Naseem
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Science, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; (M.N.); (M.N.)
| | - Antonin Kintl
- Department of Agrochemistry, Soil Science, Microbiology and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.H.); (A.K.)
- Agricultural Research, Ltd., Zahradni 400/1, 664 41 Troubsko, Czech Republic
| | - Mukkaram Ejaz
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
| | - Muhammad Naveed
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Science, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; (M.N.); (M.N.)
| | - Martin Brtnicky
- Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Environmental Protection, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 118, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.K.); (M.B.)
- Department of Agrochemistry, Soil Science, Microbiology and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.H.); (A.K.)
| | - Adnan Mustafa
- Biology Center CAS, SoWa RI, Na Sadkach 7, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
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Adedeji AA, Häggblom MM, Babalola OO. Sustainable agriculture in Africa: Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) to the rescue. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2020.e00492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Lopez S, van der Ent A, Sumail S, Sugau JB, Buang MM, Amin Z, Echevarria G, Morel JL, Benizri E. Bacterial community diversity in the rhizosphere of nickel hyperaccumulator plant species from Borneo Island (Malaysia). Environ Microbiol 2020; 22:1649-1665. [PMID: 32128926 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.14970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The Island of Borneo is a major biodiversity hotspot, and in the Malaysian state of Sabah, ultramafic soils are extensive and home to more than 31 endemic nickel hyperaccumulator plants. The aim of this study was to characterize the structure and the diversity of the rhizosphere bacterial communities of several of these nickel hyperaccumulator plants and factors that affect these bacterial communities in Sabah. The most abundant phyla were Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria and Actinobacteria. At family level, Burkholderiaceae and Xanthobacteraceae (Proteobacteria phylum) were the most abundant families in the hyperaccumulator rhizospheres. Redundancy analysis based on soil chemical analyses and relative abundances of the major bacterial phyla showed that abiotic factors of the studied sites drove the bacterial diversity. For all R. aff. bengalensis rhizosphere soil samples, irrespective of studied site, the bacterial diversity was similar. Moreover, the Saprospiraceae family showed a high representativeness in the R. aff. bengalensis rhizosphere soils and was linked with the nickel availability in soils. The ability of R. aff. bengalensis to concentrate nickel in its rhizosphere appears to be the major factor driving the rhizobacterial community diversity unlike for other hyperaccumulator species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Séverine Lopez
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, Laboratoire Sols et Environnement, 54000, Nancy, France
| | - Antony van der Ent
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, Laboratoire Sols et Environnement, 54000, Nancy, France.,Centre for Mined Land Rehabilitation, Sustainable Minerals Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, 4072, QLD, Australia
| | | | | | - Matsain Mohd Buang
- Forest Research Centre, Sabah Forestry Department, Sandakan, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Zarina Amin
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Guillaume Echevarria
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, Laboratoire Sols et Environnement, 54000, Nancy, France.,Centre for Mined Land Rehabilitation, Sustainable Minerals Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, 4072, QLD, Australia
| | - Jean Louis Morel
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, Laboratoire Sols et Environnement, 54000, Nancy, France
| | - Emile Benizri
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, Laboratoire Sols et Environnement, 54000, Nancy, France
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Etesami H, Adl SM. Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) and Their Action Mechanisms in Availability of Nutrients to Plants. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MICROBIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-2576-6_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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9
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Mukhtar S, Zareen M, Khaliq Z, Mehnaz S, Malik K. Phylogenetic analysis of halophyte‐associated rhizobacteria and effect of halotolerant and halophilic phosphate‐solubilizing biofertilizers on maize growth under salinity stress conditions. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 128:556-573. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.14497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Mukhtar
- School of Life Sciences Forman Christian College (A Chartered University) Lahore Pakistan
- School of Biological Sciences University of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan
| | - M. Zareen
- School of Life Sciences Forman Christian College (A Chartered University) Lahore Pakistan
| | - Z. Khaliq
- School of Life Sciences Forman Christian College (A Chartered University) Lahore Pakistan
| | - S. Mehnaz
- School of Life Sciences Forman Christian College (A Chartered University) Lahore Pakistan
| | - K.A. Malik
- School of Life Sciences Forman Christian College (A Chartered University) Lahore Pakistan
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10
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Manzoor M, Gul I, Ahmed I, Zeeshan M, Hashmi I, Amin BAZ, Kallerhoff J, Arshad M. Metal tolerant bacteria enhanced phytoextraction of lead by two accumulator ornamental species. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 227:561-569. [PMID: 31005670 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Microbially enhanced availability and phytoextraction is a promising technique for phytoremediation of lead (Pb). In this study, Pb resistant strains were isolated and investigated for potential effects on plant growth and Pb phytoextraction. Incubation experiments were carried for inoculated and un-inoculated soil containing different levels of Pb. Results revealed that 20% of the isolated bacteria could tolerate Pb up to 800 mg L-1. Five Pb resistant strains with plant growth promoting (PGP) abilities were evaluated for possible influence on water soluble Pb through soil incubation experiments and significant increase i.e. 1.85- and 1.49-folds in water soluble Pb was observed for NCCP-1848 and NCCP-1862 strains, respectively. Pot experiments indicated significantly higher uptake by Pelargonium hortorum than that by Mesembryanthemum criniflorrum at all levels of soil Pb concentrations with the highest increase (1.9-folds) in plants inoculated with NCCP-1848 followed by NCCP-1862 (1.8-folds increase) compared to the control (Pb and without bacterial strain). The strains NCCP-1848 and NCCP-1862 were identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing as Microbacterium sp. and Klebsiella sp. The results of present study suggest that Pb resistant plant growth promoting bacteria can serve as an effective bio-inoculant through wide action spectrum for maximizing efficiency of phytoremediation system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Manzoor
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Iram Gul
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Iftikhar Ahmed
- Microbial Genetic Resources Program, Bioresources Conservation Institute, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zeeshan
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Imran Hashmi
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Bilal Ahmad Zafar Amin
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Arshad
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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Peng J, Wu D, Liang Y, Li L, Guo Y. Disruption ofacdSgene reduces plant growth promotion activity and maize saline stress resistance byRahnella aquatilisHX2. J Basic Microbiol 2019; 59:402-411. [DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201800510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Peng
- Department of Ecological Science and Engineering; College of Resources and Environmental Sciences; China Agricultural University; Beijing P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming; China Agricultural University; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Ecological Science and Engineering; College of Resources and Environmental Sciences; China Agricultural University; Beijing P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming; China Agricultural University; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Yue Liang
- College of Plant Protection; Shenyang Agricultural University; Shenyang Liaoning P. R. China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Ecological Science and Engineering; College of Resources and Environmental Sciences; China Agricultural University; Beijing P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming; China Agricultural University; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Yanbin Guo
- Department of Ecological Science and Engineering; College of Resources and Environmental Sciences; China Agricultural University; Beijing P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming; China Agricultural University; Beijing P. R. China
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12
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Mukhtar S, Mehnaz S, Mirza MS, Malik KA. Isolation and characterization of bacteria associated with the rhizosphere of halophytes (Salsola stocksii and Atriplex amnicola) for production of hydrolytic enzymes. Braz J Microbiol 2019; 50:85-97. [PMID: 30623303 PMCID: PMC6863275 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-019-00044-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbes from hypersaline environments are useful in biotechnology as sources of novel enzymes and proteins. The current study aimed to characterize halophilic bacteria from the rhizosphere of halophytes (Salsola stocksii and Atriplex amnicola), non-rhizospheric, and brine lake-bank soils collected from Khewra Salt Mine and screening of these bacterial strains for industrially important enzymes. A total of 45 bacterial isolates from the rhizosphere of Salsola, 38 isolates from Atriplex, 24 isolates from non-rhizospheric, and 25 isolates from lake-bank soils were identified by using 16S rRNA gene analysis. Phylogenetic analysis showed that bacterial strains belonging to Bacillus, Halobacillus, and Kocuria were dominant in the rhizosphere of halophytes (Salsola and Atriplex), and Halobacillus and Halomonas were dominating genera from non-rhizospheric and lake-bank soils. Mostly identified strains were moderately halophilic bacteria with optimum growth at 1.5-3.0 M salt concentrations. Most of the bacterial exhibited lipase, protease, cellulase, amylase, gelatinase, and catalase activities. Halophilic and halotolerant Bacilli (AT2RP4, HL1RS13, NRS4HaP9, and LK3HaP7) identified in this study showed optimum lipase, protease, cellulase, and amylase activities at 1.0-1.5 M NaCl concentration, pH 7-8, and temperature 37 °C. These results indicated that halophilic and halotolerant bacteria can be used for bioconversion of organic compounds to useful products under extreme conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma Mukhtar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Forman Christian College (A Chartered University), Ferozepur Road, Lahore, 54600, Pakistan
| | - Samina Mehnaz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Forman Christian College (A Chartered University), Ferozepur Road, Lahore, 54600, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sajjad Mirza
- Environmental Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Jhang Raod, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Kauser Abdulla Malik
- Department of Biological Sciences, Forman Christian College (A Chartered University), Ferozepur Road, Lahore, 54600, Pakistan.
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Oncioiu I, Grecu E, Mâşu S, Morariu F, Popa M. The effect of fly ash on sunflower growth and human health. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:35548-35554. [PMID: 30350152 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3444-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
One of the challenges brought by the circular economy requires a reconsideration of waste, which may under certain circumstances turn into genuine resources. By extension, soil pollution with heavy metal is a major concern since it directly affects the health of the population. The goal of the present research work is to analyze the impact of the use of waste from other technological processes in agriculture: fly ash (resulting ash from thermal power plants), zeolite bush (resulting from the processing of rock from zeolite quarries), and manure (garbage from zoo technical farms). In this respect, complex treatments based on inorganic substances (fly ash and volcanic indigenous tuff with 70% clinoptilolite) were applied to less-favored agricultural soils in the absence and in the presence of an organic fertilizer (manure), respectively. After cultivating sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), a semi-early hybrid grown in the type of soil on which fly ash has been applied, there have been obtained seed crops 15.8% higher than the seed crops grown in the soil on which no fertilizer has been applied. The results obtained when combining fly ash and manure tend to amount to those obtained when combining manure with indigenous volcanic tuff with 70% clinoptilolite. The quality of the seed crops, obtained in the case of the three types of soil on which amendments were added in the absence/presence of the fertilizer, corresponds to the requirements of the national rules and allows their food processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ionica Oncioiu
- Titu Maiorescu University, 189 Calea Văcăreşti Street, 040051, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Eugenia Grecu
- Politehnica University of Timisoara, 14 Remus Street, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Smaranda Mâşu
- Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology-ECOIND, Subsidiary of Timisoara, 115 Bujorilor Street, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Florica Morariu
- Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania" from Timisoara, 119 Calea Aradului, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Maria Popa
- 1 Decembrie 1918 University of Alba Iulia, 15-17 Unirii Street, Alba Iulia, Romania
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Mukhtar S, Mehnaz S, Mirza MS, Mirza BS, Malik KA. Diversity of Bacillus-like bacterial community in the rhizospheric and non-rhizospheric soil of halophytes (Salsola stocksii and Atriplex amnicola), and characterization of osmoregulatory genes in halophilic Bacilli. Can J Microbiol 2018; 64:567-579. [DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2017-0544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses; a total of 3% of the world’s land mass is affected by salinity. Approximately 6.3 million hectares of land in Pakistan is affected by salinity to varying degrees, and most of the areas are arid to semiarid with low annual precipitation. The aim of the present study is to identify and characterize Bacillus and Bacillus-derived bacterial genera from the rhizospheric and non-rhizospheric soil samples from the Khewra Salt Mine, Pakistan, by using culture-independent and -dependent methods. Seven Bacillus-like bacterial genera, Bacillus, Halobacillus, Virgibacillus, Brevibacillus, Paenibacillus, Tumebacillus, and Lysinibacillus, were detected by using pyrosequencing analysis, whereas only four genera, Bacillus, Halobacillus, Oceanobacillus, and Virgibacillus, were identified by culture-dependent methods. Most of the Bacillus-like isolates identified in this study were moderately halophilic, alkaliphilic, and mesophilic bacteria and were considered a good source of hydrolytic enzymes because of their ability to degrade proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids. Eight Bacillus-like strains from the genera Bacillus, Halobacillus, Oceanobacillus, and Virgibacillus showed positive results for the presence of ectABC gene cluster (ectoine), six strains could synthesize betaine from choline, and six strains tested positive for the synthesis of proline from either glutamate or ornithine by using proline dehydrogenase enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma Mukhtar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Forman Christian College (A Chartered University), Ferozepur Road, Lahore 54600, Pakistan
- Molecular, Cell & Developmental Biology, UCLA, 621 Charles Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1606, USA
| | - Samina Mehnaz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Forman Christian College (A Chartered University), Ferozepur Road, Lahore 54600, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sajjad Mirza
- Environmental Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Babur Saeed Mirza
- Missouri State University, 901 S. National Avenue, Springfield, MO 65897, USA
| | - Kauser Abdulla Malik
- Department of Biological Sciences, Forman Christian College (A Chartered University), Ferozepur Road, Lahore 54600, Pakistan
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Saleem M, Asghar HN, Zahir ZA, Shahid M. Impact of lead tolerant plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on growth, physiology, antioxidant activities, yield and lead content in sunflower in lead contaminated soil. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 195:606-614. [PMID: 29278850 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.12.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Revised: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of lead tolerant plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (LTPGPR) on growth, physiology, yield, antioxidant activities and lead uptake in sunflower in soil contaminated with lead under pot conditions. Three pre-characterized LTPGP strains (S2 (Pseudomonas gessardii strain BLP141), S5 (Pseudomonas fluorescens A506) and S10 (Pseudomonas fluorescens strain LMG 2189)) were used to inoculate sunflower growing in soil contaminated with different levels (300, 600 and 900 mg kg-1) of lead by using lead nitrate salt as source of lead. Treatments were arranged according to completely randomized design with factorial arrangements. At harvesting, data regarding growth attributes (root shoot length, root shoot fresh and dry weights), yield per plant, physiological attributes (Chlorophyll 'a', 'b' and carotenoids content), antioxidant activities (Ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase), proline and malanodialdehyde content, and lead content in root, shoot and achenes of sunflower were recorded. Data were analysed by standard statistical procedures. Results showed that lead contamination reduced the plants growth, physiology and yield at all levels of lead stress. But application of LTPGPR in soil contaminated with lead improved plant growth, physiology, yield, and antioxidant activities, proline, and reduced the malanodialdehyde content (that is reduced by the application of different strains in lead contamination) of sunflower as compared to plants grown in soil without inoculation. Inoculation also promoted the uptake of lead in root, shoots and reduced the uptake of lead in achenes of plants as compared to plants in lead contamination without inoculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saleem
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan.
| | - Hafiz Naeem Asghar
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Zahir Ahmad Zahir
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
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Gupta P, Rani R, Chandra A, Varjani SJ, Kumar V. Effectiveness of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria in Phytoremediation of Chromium Stressed Soils. ENERGY, ENVIRONMENT, AND SUSTAINABILITY 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-7413-4_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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17
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The Role of the Rhizosphere and Microbes Associated with Hyperaccumulator Plants in Metal Accumulation. AGROMINING: FARMING FOR METALS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-61899-9_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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18
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Hussain SS, Mehnaz S, Siddique KHM. Harnessing the Plant Microbiome for Improved Abiotic Stress Tolerance. PLANT MICROBIOME: STRESS RESPONSE 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-5514-0_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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19
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Kumar A, Verma JP. Does plant-Microbe interaction confer stress tolerance in plants: A review? Microbiol Res 2017; 207:41-52. [PMID: 29458867 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The biotic and abiotic stresses are major constraints for crop yield, food quality and global food security. A number of parameters such as physiological, biochemical, molecular of plants are affected under stress condition. Since the use of inorganic fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture practices cause degradation of soil fertility and environmental pollutions. Hence it is necessary to develop safer and sustainable means for agriculture production. The application of plant growth promoting microbes (PGPM) and mycorrhizal fungi enhance plant growth, under such conditions. It offers an economically fascinating and ecologically sound ways for protecting plants against stress condition. PGPM may promote plant growth by regulating plant hormones, improve nutrition acquisition, siderophore production and enhance the antioxidant system. While acquired systemic resistance (ASR) and induced systemic resistance (ISR) effectively deal with biotic stress. Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) enhance the supply of nutrients and water during stress condition and increase tolerance to stress. This plant-microbe interaction is vital for sustainable agriculture and industrial purpose, because it depends on biological processes and replaces conventional agriculture practices. Therefore, microbes may play a key role as an ecological engineer to solve environmental stress problems. So, it is a feasible and potential technology in future to feed global population at available resources with reduced impact on environmental quality. In this review, we have attempted to explore about abiotic and biotic stress tolerant beneficial microorganisms and their modes of action to enhance the sustainable agricultural production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhilesh Kumar
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi221005, U.P., India
| | - Jay Prakash Verma
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi221005, U.P., India.
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20
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Ali A, Guo D, Mahar A, Wang Z, Muhammad D, Li R, Wang P, Shen F, Xue Q, Zhang Z. Role of Streptomyces pactum in phytoremediation of trace elements by Brassica juncea in mine polluted soils. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 144:387-395. [PMID: 28647606 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
The industrial expansion, smelting, mining and agricultural practices have increased the release of toxic trace elements (TEs) in the environment and threaten living organisms. The microbe-assisted phytoremediation is environmentally safe and provide an effective approach to remediate TEs contaminated soils. A pot experiment was conducted to test the potential of an Actinomycete, subspecies Streptomyces pactum (Act12) along with medical stone compost (MSC) by growing Brassica juncea in smelter and mines polluted soils of Feng County (FC) and Tongguan (TG, China), respectively. Results showed that Zn (7, 28%), Pb (54, 21%), Cd (16, 17%) and Cu (8, 10%) uptake in shoot and root of Brassica juncea was pronounced in FC soil. Meanwhile, the Zn (40, 14%) and Pb (82, 15%) uptake in the shoot and root were also increased in TG soil. Shoot Cd uptake remained below detection, while Cu decreased by 52% in TG soil. The Cd and Cu root uptake were increased by 17% and 33%, respectively. Results showed that TEs uptake in shoot increased with increasing Act12 dose. Shoot/root dry biomass, chlorophyll and carotenoid content in Brassica juncea were significantly influenced by the application of Act12 in FC and TG soil. The antioxidant enzymatic activities (POD, PAL, PPO and CAT) in Brassica juncea implicated enhancement in the plant defense mechanism against the TEs induced stress in contaminated soils. The extraction potential of Brasssica was further evaluated by TF (translocation factor) and MEA (metal extraction amount). Based on our findings, further investigation of Act12 assisted phytoremediation of TEs in the smelter and mines polluted soil and hyperaccumulator species are suggested for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amjad Ali
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Di Guo
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Amanullah Mahar
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Centre for Environmental Sciences, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan
| | - Zhen Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Dost Muhammad
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar 25130, Pakistan
| | - Ronghua Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Ping Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Feng Shen
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Quanhong Xue
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Zengqiang Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
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21
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Ali A, Guo D, Mahar A, Wang P, Ma F, Shen F, Li R, Zhang Z. Phytoextraction of toxic trace elements by Sorghum bicolor inoculated with Streptomyces pactum (Act12) in contaminated soils. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 139:202-209. [PMID: 28135667 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The increasing industrial, mining and agricultural activities have intensified the release of potential toxic trace elements (PTEs), which are of great concern to human health and environment. The alarming increase in PTEs concentration, stress the need for biotechnological remediation approaches. In order to assist phytoextraction of PTEs, different combinations of Streptomyces pactum (Act12) with biochar were applied to mining and industrial polluted soils of Shaanxi and Hunan Provinces of China, respectively. Act12 affected soil physico-chemical properties in both soils. Bioavailable Zn and Pb increased due to microbial activities, while Cd decreased by adsorption on biochar surface. Phytoextraction of Zn and Pb occurred in TG and CZ soil, while Cd uptake decreased in iron rich CZ soil by conflicting effect of siderophores. Cd in sorghum shoot was below detection level, but uptake increased in the roots due to minimum available fraction in TG soil. Biochar reduced the shoot and root uptake of Cd. Sorghum shoot, root dry weight and chlorophyll significantly increased after Act12 and biochar application. β-glucosidase, alkaline phosphatase and urease activities were significantly enhanced by Act12. Antioxidant enzymatic activities (POD, PAL and PPO) and lipid peroxidation (MDA) were decreased after the application of Act12 and biochar by reduced PTEs stress. Act12 and biochar can be used for different crops to enumerate the transfer rate of PTEs into the food chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amjad Ali
- College of Natural Resources & Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Di Guo
- College of Natural Resources & Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Amanullah Mahar
- College of Natural Resources & Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Centre for Environmental Sciences, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan
| | - Ping Wang
- College of Natural Resources & Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Fang Ma
- College of Natural Resources & Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Feng Shen
- College of Natural Resources & Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Ronghua Li
- College of Natural Resources & Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zengqiang Zhang
- College of Natural Resources & Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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22
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Ali A, Guo D, Mahar A, Ma F, Li R, Shen F, Wang P, Zhang Z. Streptomyces pactum assisted phytoremediation in Zn/Pb smelter contaminated soil of Feng County and its impact on enzymatic activities. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46087. [PMID: 28387235 PMCID: PMC5384225 DOI: 10.1038/srep46087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthropogenic activities, such as industrial expansion, smelting, mining and agricultural practices, have intensified the discharge of potentially toxic trace elements (PTEs) into the environment, threatening human health and other organisms. To assist phytoremediation by sorghum in soil contaminated by smelters/mines in Feng County (FC), a pot experiment was performed to examine the phytoremediation potential of Streptomyces pactum (Act12) + biochar. The results showed that root uptake of Zn and Cd was reduced by 45 and 22%, respectively, while the uptake of Pb and Cu increased by 17 and 47%, respectively. The shoot and root dry weight and chlorophyll content improved after Act12 inoculation. β-glucosidase, alkaline phosphatase and urease activities in soil improved and antioxidant activities (POD, PAL, PPO) decreased after application of Act12 + biochar due to a reduction in stress from PTEs. BCF, TF and MEA confirmed the role of Act12 in the amelioration and translocation of PTEs. PCA analysis showed a correlation between different factors that affect the translocation of PTEs. Overall, Act12 promoted the phytoremediation of PTEs. Field experiments on Act12 + biochar may provide new insights into the rehabilitation and restoration of soils contaminated by mines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amjad Ali
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Di Guo
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Amanullah Mahar
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.,Centre for Environmental Sciences, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan
| | - Fang Ma
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Ronghua Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Feng Shen
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Ping Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Zengqiang Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
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23
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Value added phytoremediation of metal stressed soils using phosphate solubilizing microbial consortium. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 33:9. [PMID: 27858338 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-016-2176-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The presence of heavy metals in the soil is a matter of growing concern due to their toxic and non-biodegradable nature. Lack of effectiveness of various conventional methods due to economic and technical constraints resulted in the search for an eco-friendly and cost-effective biological techniques for heavy metal removal from the environment. Until now, phytoremediation has emerged as an innovative technique to address the problem. However, the efficiency of phytoremediation process is hindered under the high metal concentration conditions. Hence, phosphate solubilizing microbes (PSM) assisted phytoremediation technique is gaining more insight as it can reduce the contamination load even under elevated metal stressed conditions. These microbes convert heavy metals into soluble and bioavailable forms, which consequently facilitate phytoremediation. Several studies have reported that the use of microbial consortium for remediation is considered more effective as compared to single strain pure culture. Therefore, this review paper focuses on the current trends in research related to PSM mediated uptake of heavy metal by plants. The efficiency of PSM consortia in enhancing the phytoremediation process has also been reviewed. Moreover, the role of phosphatase enzymes in the mineralization of organic forms of phosphate in soil is further discussed. Biosurfactant mediated bioremediation of metal polluted soils is a matter of extensive research nowadays. Hence, the recent advancement of using biosurfactants in enhanced phytoremediation of metal stressed soils is also described.
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Jie S, Li M, Gan M, Zhu J, Yin H, Liu X. Microbial functional genes enriched in the Xiangjiang River sediments with heavy metal contamination. BMC Microbiol 2016; 16:179. [PMID: 27502206 PMCID: PMC4976514 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-016-0800-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Xiangjiang River (Hunan, China) has been contaminated with heavy metal for several decades by surrounding factories. However, little is known about the influence of a gradient of heavy metal contamination on the diversity, structure of microbial functional gene in sediment. To deeply understand the impact of heavy metal contamination on microbial community, a comprehensive functional gene array (GeoChip 5.0) has been used to study the functional genes structure, composition, diversity and metabolic potential of microbial community from three heavy metal polluted sites of Xiangjiang River. Results A total of 25595 functional genes involved in different biogeochemical processes have been detected in three sites, and different diversities and structures of microbial functional genes were observed. The analysis of gene overlapping, unique genes, and various diversity indices indicated a significant correlation between the level of heavy metal contamination and the functional diversity. Plentiful resistant genes related to various metal were detected, such as copper, arsenic, chromium and mercury. The results indicated a significantly higher abundance of genes involved in metal resistance including sulfate reduction genes (dsr) in studied site with most serious heavy metal contamination, such as cueo, mer, metc, merb, tehb and terc gene. With regard to the relationship between the environmental variables and microbial functional structure, S, Cu, Cd, Hg and Cr were the dominating factor shaping the microbial distribution pattern in three sites. Conclusions This study suggests that high level of heavy metal contamination resulted in higher functional diversity and the abundance of metal resistant genes. These variation therefore significantly contribute to the resistance, resilience and stability of the microbial community subjected to the gradient of heavy metals contaminant in Xiangjiang River. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12866-016-0800-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Jie
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Mingming Li
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Min Gan
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Jianyu Zhu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
| | - Huaqun Yin
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China. .,Department of Botany and Microbiology, Institute for Environmental Genomics, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, 73019, USA.
| | - Xueduan Liu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
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25
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Ding Z, Wu J, Jiao C, Cao C. Isolation of heavy metal-resistant fungi from contaminated soil and co-culturing with rice seedlings. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.5897/ajmr2016.8126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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26
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Ndeddy Aka RJ, Babalola OO. Effect of bacterial inoculation of strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Alcaligenes feacalis and Bacillus subtilis on germination, growth and heavy metal (Cd, Cr, and Ni) uptake of Brassica juncea. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2016; 18:200-9. [PMID: 26503637 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2015.1073671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial inoculation may influence Brassica juncea growth and heavy metal (Ni, Cr, and Cd) accumulation. Three metal tolerant bacterial isolates (BCr3, BCd33, and BNi11) recovered from mine tailings, identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa KP717554, Alcaligenes feacalis KP717561, and Bacillus subtilis KP717559 were used. The isolates exhibited multiple plant growth beneficial characteristics including the production of indole-3-acetic acid, hydrogen cyanide, ammonia, insoluble phosphate solubilization together with the potential to protect plants against fungal pathogens. Bacterial inoculation improved seeds germination of B. juncea plant in the presence of 0.1 mM Cr, Cd, and Ni, as compared to the control treatment. Compared with control treatment, soil inoculation with bacterial isolates significantly increased the amount of soluble heavy metals in soil by 51% (Cr), 50% (Cd), and 44% (Ni) respectively. Pot experiment of B. juncea grown in soil spiked with 100 mg kg(-1) of NiCl2, 100 mg kg(-1) of CdCl2, and 150 mg kg(-1) of K2Cr2O7, revealed that inoculation with metal tolerant bacteria not only protected plants against the toxic effects of heavy metals, but also increased growth and metal accumulation of plants significantly. These findings suggest that such metal tolerant, plant growth promoting bacteria are valuable tools which could be used to develop bio-inoculants for enhancing the efficiency of phytoextraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robinson Junior Ndeddy Aka
- a Department of Biology , Faculty of Agriculture Science and technology, Northwest University , Mafikeng Campus, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735 , South Africa
| | - Olubukola Oluranti Babalola
- a Department of Biology , Faculty of Agriculture Science and technology, Northwest University , Mafikeng Campus, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735 , South Africa
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Ahemad M. Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria-assisted phytoremediation of metalliferous soils: a review. 3 Biotech 2015; 5:111-121. [PMID: 28324572 PMCID: PMC4362741 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-014-0206-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution of soils is of great concern. The presence of the toxic metal species above critical concentration not only harmfully affects human health but also the environment. Among existing strategies to remediate metal contaminates in soils, phytoremediation approach using metal accumulating plants is much convincing in terms of metal removal efficiency, but it has many limitations because of slow plant growth and decreased biomass owing to metal-induced stress. In addition, constrain of metal bioavailability in soils is the prime factor to restrict its applicability. Phytoremediation of metals in association with phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) considerably overcomes the practical drawbacks imposed by metal stress on plants. This review is an effort to describe mechanism of PSB in supporting and intensifying phytoremediation of heavy metals in soils and to address the developmental status of the current trend in application of PSB in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munees Ahemad
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, UP, India.
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28
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Ullah A, Mushtaq H, Ali H, Munis MFH, Javed MT, Chaudhary HJ. Diazotrophs-assisted phytoremediation of heavy metals: a novel approach. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:2505-2514. [PMID: 25339525 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3699-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals, which have severe toxic effects on plants, animals, and human health, are serious pollutants of the modern world. Remediation of heavy metal pollution is utmost necessary. Among different approaches used for such remediation, phytoremediation is an emerging technology. Research is in progress to enhance the efficiency of this plant-based technology. In this regard, the role of rhizospheric and symbiotic microorganisms is important. It was assessed by enumeration of data from the current studies that efficiency of phytoremediation can be enhanced by assisting with diazotrophs. These bacteria are very beneficial because they bring metals to more bioavailable form by the processes of methylation, chelation, leaching, and redox reactions and the production of siderophores. Diazotrophs also posses growth-promoting traits including nitrogen fixation, phosphorous solubilization, phytohormones synthesis, siderophore production, and synthesis of ACC-deaminase which may facilitate plant growth and increase plant biomass, in turn facilitating phytoremediation technology. Thus, the aim of this review is to highlight the potential of diazotrophs in assisting phytoremediation of heavy metals in contaminated soils. The novel current assessment of literature suggests the winning combination of diazotroph with phytoremediation technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abid Ullah
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
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Hamedi J, Mohammadipanah F. Biotechnological application and taxonomical distribution of plant growth promoting actinobacteria. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 42:157-71. [PMID: 25410828 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-014-1537-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Plant growth promoting (PGP) bacteria are involved in various interactions known to affect plant fitness and soil quality, thereby increasing the productivity of agriculture and stability of soil. Although the potential of actinobacteria in antibiotic production is well-investigated, their capacity to enhance plant growth is not fully surveyed. Due to the following justifications, PGP actinobacteria (PGPA) can be considered as a more promising taxonomical group of PGP bacteria: (1) high numbers of actinobacteria per gram of soil and their filamentous nature, (2) genome dedicated to the secondary metabolite production (~5 to 10 %) is distinctively more than that of other bacteria and (3) number of plant growth promoter genera reported from actinobacteria is 1.3 times higher than that of other bacteria. Mechanisms by which PGPA contribute to the plant growth by association are: (a) enhancing nutrients availability, (b) regulation of plant metabolism, (c) decreasing environmental stress, (d) control of phytopathogens and (e) improvement of soil texture. Taxonomical and chemical diversity of PGPA and their biotechnological application along with their associated challenges are summarized in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Hamedi
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, 14155-6455, Tehran, Iran,
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Yuan M, He H, Xiao L, Zhong T, Liu H, Li S, Deng P, Ye Z, Jing Y. Enhancement of Cd phytoextraction by two Amaranthus species with endophytic Rahnella sp. JN27. CHEMOSPHERE 2014; 103:99-104. [PMID: 24314897 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2013] [Revised: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 11/16/2013] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Microbe-assisted phytoextraction shows a potential for the remediation of metal-contaminated soils. The aim of this study was to isolate, characterize, and evaluate the potential of endophytic bacteria in improving plant growth and metal uptake by Cd-hyperaccumulators-Amaranthus hypochondriacus and Amaranthus mangostanus. An endophytic bacterial strain JN27 isolated from roots of Zea mays displayed high tolerance and mobilization to Cd, and was identified as Rahnella sp. based on 16S rDNA sequencing. The strain also exhibited multiple plant growth beneficial features including the production of indole-3-acetic acid, siderophore, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase and solubilization of insoluble phosphate. Subsequently, a pot trial was performed to elucidate the effects of inoculation with JN27 on plant growth and Cd uptake by A. hypochondriacus, A. mangostanus, Solanum nigrum and Z. mays grown in soils with different levels of Cd (25, 50, 100 mg Cd kg(-1)). The results revealed that inoculation with JN27 significantly increased the biomasses of all the tested plants and the Cd concentrations of all the tested plants except Z. mays in both above-ground and root tissues. Moreover, strain JN27 could successfully re-colonized in rhizosphere soils of all the tested plants and root interior of A. hypochondriacus and Z. mays. The present results indicated that the symbiont of A. hypochondriacus (or A. mangostanus) and strain JN27 can effectively improve the Cd uptake by plants and would be a new strategy in microbe-assisted phytoextraction for metal-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Huaidong He
- State Key Laboratory for Bio-control and School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Li Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Ting Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Hui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Shubin Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Peiyan Deng
- College of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Zhihong Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Bio-control and School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yuanxiao Jing
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China.
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Jing YX, Yan JL, He HD, Yang DJ, Xiao L, Zhong T, Yuan M, Cai XD, Li SB. Characterization of bacteria in the rhizosphere soils of Polygonum pubescens and their potential in promoting growth and Cd, Pb, Zn uptake by Brassica napus. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2014; 16:321-33. [PMID: 24912234 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2013.773283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Microbe-enhanced phytoremediation has been considered as a promising measure for the remediation of metal-contaminated soils. In this study, two bacterial strains JYX7 and JYX10 were isolated from rhizosphere soils of Polygonum pubescens grown in metal-polluted soil and identified as of Enterobacter sp. and Klebsiella sp. based on 16S rDNA sequences, respectively. JYX7 and JYX10 showed high Cd, Pb and Zn tolerance and increased water-soluble Cd, Pb and Zn concentrations in culture solution and metal-added soils. Two isolates produced plant growth-promoting substances such as indole acetic acid, siderophore, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic deaminase, and solubilized inorganic phosphate. Based upon their ability in metal tolerance and solubilization, two isolates were further studied for their effects on growth and accumulation of Cd, Pb, and Zn in Brassica napus (rape) by pot experiments. Rapes inoculated with JYX7 and JYX10 had significantly higher dry weights, concentrations and uptakes of Cd, Pb, Zn in both above-ground and root tissues than those without inoculation grown in soils amended with Cd (25 mg kg(-1)), Pb (200 mg kg(-1)) or Zn (200 mg kg(-1)). The present results demonstrated that JYX7 and JYX10 are valuable microorganism, which can improve the efficiency of phytoremediation in soils polluted by Cd, Pb, and Zn.
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Srivastava S, Verma PC, Chaudhry V, Singh N, Abhilash PC, Kumar KV, Sharma N, Singh N. Influence of inoculation of arsenic-resistant Staphylococcus arlettae on growth and arsenic uptake in Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. Var. R-46. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2013; 262:1039-47. [PMID: 22939092 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2011] [Revised: 07/30/2012] [Accepted: 08/09/2012] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
An arsenic hypertolerant bacterium was isolated from arsenic contaminated site of West Bengal, India. The bacteria was identified as Staphylococcus arlettae strain NBRIEAG-6, based on 16S rDNA analysis. S. arlettae was able to remove arsenic from liquid media and possesses arsC gene, gene responsible for arsenate reductase activity. The biochemical profiling of the isolated strain showed that it had the capacity of producing indole acetic acid (IAA), siderophores and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase. Furthermore, an experiment was conducted to test the effect of S. arlettae inoculation on concurrent plant growth promotion and arsenic uptake in Indian mustard plant [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. Var. R-46] when grown in arsenic spiked (5, 10 and 15 mg kg(-1)) soil. The microbial inoculation significantly (p<0.05) increased biomass, protein, chlorophyll and carotenoids contents in test plant. Moreover, as compared to the non-inoculated control, the As concentration in shoot and root of inoculated plants were increased from 3.73 to 34.16% and 87.35 to 99.93%, respectively. The experimental results show that the plant growth promoting bacteria NBRIEAG-6 has the ability to help B. juncea to accumulate As maximally in plant root, and therefore it can be accounted as a new bacteria for As phytostabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhi Srivastava
- Plant Ecology and Environment Science Division, National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, UP, India
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Wang H, Xu R, You L, Zhong G. Characterization of Cu-tolerant bacteria and definition of their role in promotion of growth, Cu accumulation and reduction of Cu toxicity in Triticum aestivum L. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2013; 94:1-7. [PMID: 23725675 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2013.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Revised: 04/08/2013] [Accepted: 04/11/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The effects of Cu-tolerant bacteria strain USTB-O on Cu accumulation, plant growth and reduction of Cu toxicity in wheat seedlings Triticum aestivum L. were investigated. The strain was identified as belonging to Bacillus species and showed a specific tolerance to Cu through binding the Cu ions to the cell walls to reduce their entry into the cells. The bacteria not only increased Cu accumulation in wheat seedlings, but also secreted indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and therefore promoted plant growth. Moreover, the bacteria effectively improved the antioxidant defence system to alleviate the oxidative damage induced by Cu. The bacteria promoted superoxide dismutase (SOD) in both shoots and roots to reduce superoxide radicals. The bacteria stimulated all enzymes activities under Cu exposure conditions, peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) in shoots and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) in roots were major enzymes to eliminate H2O2 in wheat seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiou Wang
- Department of Biological Science and Engineering, School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
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Natural treatment systems as sustainable ecotechnologies for the developing countries. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:796373. [PMID: 23878819 PMCID: PMC3708409 DOI: 10.1155/2013/796373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Revised: 06/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of natural treatment systems is the re-establishment of disturbed ecosystems and their sustainability for benefits to human and nature. The working of natural treatment systems on ecological principles and their sustainability in terms of low cost, low energy consumption, and low mechanical technology is highly desirable. The current review presents pros and cons of the natural treatment systems, their performance, and recent developments to use them in the treatment of various types of wastewaters. Fast population growth and economic pressure in some developing countries compel the implementation of principles of natural treatment to protect natural environment. The employment of these principles for waste treatment not only helps in environmental cleanup but also conserves biological communities. The systems particularly suit developing countries of the world. We reviewed information on constructed wetlands, vermicomposting, role of mangroves, land treatment systems, soil-aquifer treatment, and finally aquatic systems for waste treatment. Economic cost and energy requirements to operate various kinds of natural treatment systems were also reviewed.
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Płociniczak T, Kukla M, Wątroba R, Piotrowska-Seget Z. The effect of soil bioaugmentation with strains of Pseudomonas on Cd, Zn and Cu uptake by Sinapis alba L. CHEMOSPHERE 2013; 91:1332-7. [PMID: 23561856 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Revised: 03/05/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2013] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the ability of selected metal resistant strains of the Pseudomonas genus to increase Zn, Cd and Cu uptake by the metalophyte Sinapis alba L. under laboratory conditions. Moreover, the mechanisms of the plant growth promotion in the tested strains and their impact on the shoots and roots of white mustard biomass were examined. Soil inoculation with the tested strains resulted in higher concentrations of Zn, Cd and Cu in the shoots and roots of the plants in comparison with those grown in non-inoculated soil. The highest phytoextraction enhancement was caused by Pseudomonas fluorescens MH15 which increased Zn, Cd and Cu accumulation in shoot tissue by 60%, 96% and 31%, respectively, in comparison with control plants. Moreover, all the tested strains also exhibited a significant increase of Cd translocation from roots to shoots of the white mustard. Three Pseudomonas putida (MH3, MH6, MH7) and two P. fluorescens biotype G and C (MH9 and MH15, respectively) strains had the ability to produce siderophore, 1-amino-cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase, indole 3-acetic acid as well as hydrocyanic acid. Additionally, P. putida strains were also capable of solubilizing inorganic phosphate. The ability of the tested strains to increase the metal uptake in white mustard and their plant growth-promoting properties make them good candidates for supporting heavy metal phytoextraction as well as for plant growth promoting.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Płociniczak
- Department of Microbiology, University of Silesia, Jagiellonska 28, 40-032 Katowice, Poland.
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Sessitsch A, Kuffner M, Kidd P, Vangronsveld J, Wenzel WW, Fallmann K, Puschenreiter M. The role of plant-associated bacteria in the mobilization and phytoextraction of trace elements in contaminated soils. SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY 2013; 60:182-194. [PMID: 23645938 PMCID: PMC3618436 DOI: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 309] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2012] [Revised: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/13/2013] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Phytoextraction makes use of trace element-accumulating plants that concentrate the pollutants in their tissues. Pollutants can be then removed by harvesting plants. The success of phytoextraction depends on trace element availability to the roots and the ability of the plant to intercept, take up, and accumulate trace elements in shoots. Current phytoextraction practises either employ hyperaccumulators or fast-growing high biomass plants; the phytoextraction process may be enhanced by soil amendments that increase trace element availability in the soil. This review will focus on the role of plant-associated bacteria to enhance trace element availability in the rhizosphere. We report on the kind of bacteria typically found in association with trace element - tolerating or - accumulating plants and discuss how they can contribute to improve trace element uptake by plants and thus the efficiency and rate of phytoextraction. This enhanced trace element uptake can be attributed to a microbial modification of the absorptive properties of the roots such as increasing the root length and surface area and numbers of root hairs, or by increasing the plant availability of trace elements in the rhizosphere and the subsequent translocation to shoots via beneficial effects on plant growth, trace element complexation and alleviation of phytotoxicity. An analysis of data from literature shows that effects of bacterial inoculation on phytoextraction efficiency are currently inconsistent. Some key processes in plant-bacteria interactions and colonization by inoculated strains still need to be unravelled more in detail to allow full-scale application of bacteria assisted phytoremediation of trace element contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Sessitsch
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Bioresources Unit, A-3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Melanie Kuffner
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Bioresources Unit, A-3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Petra Kidd
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiológicas de Galicia (IIAG), CSIC, Apdo. 122, 15780 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Jaco Vangronsveld
- Hasselt University, Centre for Environmental Sciences, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Walter W. Wenzel
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, A-3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Katharina Fallmann
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Bioresources Unit, A-3430 Tulln, Austria
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, A-3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Markus Puschenreiter
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, A-3430 Tulln, Austria
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He H, Ye Z, Yang D, Yan J, Xiao L, Zhong T, Yuan M, Cai X, Fang Z, Jing Y. Characterization of endophytic Rahnella sp. JN6 from Polygonum pubescens and its potential in promoting growth and Cd, Pb, Zn uptake by Brassica napus. CHEMOSPHERE 2013. [PMID: 23177711 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.10.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Microbe-assisted phytoremediation has been considered as a promising measure for the remediation of heavy metal-polluted soils. In this study, a metal-tolerance and plant growth-promoting endophytic bacterium JN6 was firstly isolated from roots of Mn-hyperaccumulator Polygonum pubescens grown in metal-contaminated soil and identified as Rahnella sp. based on 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis. Strain JN6 showed very high Cd, Pb and Zn tolerance and effectively solubilized CdCO(3), PbCO(3) and Zn(3)(PO(4))(2) in culture solution. The isolate produced plant growth-promoting substances such as indole-3-acetic acid, siderophore, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic deaminase, and also solubilized inorganic phosphate. Based upon its ability in metal tolerance and solubilization, the isolate JN6 was further studied for its effects on the growth and accumulation of Cd, Pb and Zn in Brassica napus (rape) by pot experiments. Rape plants inoculated with the isolate JN6 had significantly higher dry weights, concentrations and uptake of Cd, Pb and Zn in both above-ground and root tissues than those without inoculation grown in soils amended with Cd (25 mg kg(-1)), Pb (200 mg kg(-1)) or Zn (200 mg kg(-1)). The isolate also showed a high level of colonization in tissue interior of rapes. The present results demonstrated that Rahnella sp. JN6 is a valuable microorganism, which can cost-effectively improve the efficiency of phytoremediation in soils contaminated by Cd, Pb and Zn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaidong He
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
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Mitter B, Brader G, Afzal M, Compant S, Naveed M, Trognitz F, Sessitsch A. Advances in Elucidating Beneficial Interactions Between Plants, Soil, and Bacteria. ADVANCES IN AGRONOMY 2013:381-445. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-407685-3.00007-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
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Kumar KV, Patra DD. Effect of metal tolerant plant growth promoting bacteria on growth and metal accumulation in Zea mays plants grown in fly ash amended soil. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2013; 15:743-755. [PMID: 23819272 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2012.735287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to examine the effect of the application of fly ash (FA) into Garden soil (GS), with and without inoculation of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB), on the growth and metal uptake by Zea mays plants. Three FA tolerant PGPB strains, Pseudomonas sp. PS5, PS14, and Bacillus sp. BC29 were isolated from FA contaminated soils and assessed for their plant growth promoting features on the Z. mays plants. All three strains were also examined for their ability to solubilize phosphate and to produce Indole Acetic Acid (IAA), siderophores, and hydrogencynide acid (HCN) production. Although inoculation of all strains significantly enhanced the growth of plants at both the concentration of FA but maximum growth was observed in plants inoculated with BC29 and PS14 at low level (25%) of FA concentration. The experimental results explored the plant growth promoting features of selected strains which not only enhanced growth and biomass of plants but also protected them from toxicity of FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalpna V Kumar
- Department of Agronomy and Soil Sciences, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR), Lucknow, India.
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Genome sequence and mutational analysis of plant-growth-promoting bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens CCNWGS0286 Isolated from a zinc-lead mine tailing. Appl Environ Microbiol 2012; 78:5384-94. [PMID: 22636006 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01200-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The plant-growth-promoting bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens CCNWGS0286, isolated from the nodules of Robinia pseudoacacia growing in zinc-lead mine tailings, both displayed high metal resistance and enhanced the growth of Robinia plants in a metal-contaminated environment. Our goal was to determine whether bacterial metal resistance or the capacity to produce phytohormones had a larger impact on the growth of host plants under zinc stress. Eight zinc-sensitive mutants and one zinc-sensitive mutant with reduced indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production were obtained by transposon mutagenesis. Analysis of the genome sequence and of transcription via reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) combined with transposon gene disruptions revealed that ZntA-4200 and the transcriptional regulator ZntR1 played important roles in the zinc homeostasis of A. tumefaciens CCNWGS0286. In addition, interruption of a putative oligoketide cyclase/lipid transport protein reduced IAA synthesis and also showed reduced zinc and cadmium resistance but had no influence on copper resistance. In greenhouse studies, R. pseudoacacia inoculated with A. tumefaciens CCNWGS0286 displayed a significant increase in biomass production over that without inoculation, even in a zinc-contaminated environment. Interestingly, the differences in plant biomass improvement among A. tumefaciens CCNWGS0286, A. tumefaciens C58, and zinc-sensitive mutants 12-2 (zntA::Tn5) and 15-6 (low IAA production) revealed that phytohormones, rather than genes encoding zinc resistance determinants, were the dominant factor in enhancing plant growth in contaminated soil.
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Jing XB, He N, Zhang Y, Cao YR, Xu H. Isolation and characterization of heavy-metal-mobilizing bacteria from contaminated soils and their potential in promoting Pb, Cu, and Cd accumulation by Coprinus comatus. Can J Microbiol 2012; 58:45-53. [DOI: 10.1139/w11-110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The enhanced effect of heavy-metal-mobilizing bacteria on the uptake of Pb, Cu, and Cd by Coprinus comatus from Pb-, Cu-, and Cd-multicontaminated soil was assessed in this study. Thirteen strains, tolerating 800 mg·L–1 Pb, 200 mg·L–1 Cu, and 200 mg·L–1 Cd simultaneously were selected for heavy-metal-solubilizing experiments in soil. The mobilization of heavy metals depended on the characteristics of bacteria and heavy metals. Correlation analysis demonstrated that for Pb solubilization, the acid-producing ability was the most significant factor, while for Cu and Cd, siderophores played a leading role in this process. Four strains, based on their excellent ability to solubilize heavy metal in soil, were applied in pot experiments. The results showed that all strains can promote the growth of C. comatus and meanwhile help mushroom accumulate more heavy metals (Pb, Cd, and Cu). The maximum uptake for total Pb and Cu by C. comatus was observed in inoculations with Bacillus sp. strain JSG1 (2.02- and 2.13-fold, respectively, compared with uninoculated soil), while for Cd, it was recorded in Bacillus sp. strain PB2 treated soil (2.03-fold). Therefore, this work suggests that the mushroom–bacteria interaction can be developed into a novel bioremediation strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-bing Jing
- Key Laboratory for Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Education Ministry, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People’s Republic of China
| | - Nan He
- Key Laboratory for Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Education Ministry, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhang
- College of Biology and Chemistry Engineering, Panzhihua University, Panzhihua 617000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan-ru Cao
- Key Laboratory for Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Education Ministry, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People’s Republic of China
| | - Heng Xu
- Key Laboratory for Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Education Ministry, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People’s Republic of China
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Ji LY, Zhang WW, Yu D, Cao YR, Xu H. Effect of heavy metal-solubilizing microorganisms on zinc and cadmium extractions from heavy metal contaminated soil with Tricholoma lobynsis. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2011; 28:293-301. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-011-0819-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2010] [Accepted: 06/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Lou L, Luo L, Wang W, Xu X, Hou J, Xun B, Chen Y. Impact of black carbon originated from fly ash and soot on the toxicity of pentachlorophenol in sediment. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2011; 190:474-479. [PMID: 21536378 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.03.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2010] [Revised: 03/18/2011] [Accepted: 03/21/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The widely existing fly ash and soot produced during the process of combustion, which are often known as waste but also an important source of black carbon (BC) in the environment, were treated by HCl and HF solution for this study, and recorded as FC and SC, respectively. A series of experiments were carried out to investigate the toxicity of pentachlorophenol (PCP) in sediment, influence of various BCs in sediment with different contents (0%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 5% and 10%) on the extractability and toxicity of PCP (50mg/kg), and toxicity of various BC in sediment. The results demonstrated that the PCP exposure to wheat seed exhibited a dose-dependent behavior, and the extractability and toxicity of PCP decreased with the increasing content of BC in sediment. The PCP extractable rate was significantly (P<0.01) influenced by the higher content of BCs. Noticeably, each BC had no toxic but stimulative effect on root elongation and early seedling growth. Furthermore, it was found that the inhibitive effect on the extractability and toxicity of PCP and the stimulative effect on root elongation and early seedling growth caused by SC were more evident than FC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Lou
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China.
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Li K, Ramakrishna W. Effect of multiple metal resistant bacteria from contaminated lake sediments on metal accumulation and plant growth. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2011; 189:531-9. [PMID: 21420236 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.02.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2010] [Revised: 01/29/2011] [Accepted: 02/22/2011] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Naturally occurring bacteria play an important role in bioremediation of heavy metal pollutants in soil and wastewater. This study identified high levels of resistance to zinc, cesium, lead, arsenate and mercury in eight copper resistant Pseudomonas strains previously isolated from Torch Lake sediment. These strains showed variable susceptibility to different antibiotics. Furthermore, these metal resistant strains were capable of bioaccumulation of multiple metals and solubilization of copper. Bacterial strains TLC 3-3.5-1 and TLC 6-6.5-1 showed high bioaccumulation ability of Zn (up to 15.9 mg/g dry cell) and Pb (80.7 mg/g dry cell), respectively. All the strains produced plant growth promoting indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), iron chelating siderophore and solubilized mineral phosphate and metals. The effect of bacterial inoculation on plant growth and copper uptake by maize (Zea mays) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus) was investigated using one of the isolates (Pseudomonas sp. TLC 6-6.5-4) with higher IAA production and phosphate and metal solubilization, which resulted in a significant increase in copper accumulation in maize and sunflower, and an increase in the total biomass of maize. The multiple metal-resistant bacterial isolates characterized in our study have potential applications for remediation of metal contaminated soils in combination with plants and metal contaminated water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kefeng Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, MI 49931, USA
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Ma Y, Rajkumar M, Vicente JAF, Freitas H. Inoculation of Ni-resistant plant growth promoting bacterium Psychrobacter sp. strain SRS8 for the improvement of nickel phytoextraction by energy crops. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2011; 13:126-39. [PMID: 21598781 DOI: 10.1080/15226511003671403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to elucidate effects of inoculating plant growth-promoting bacterium Psychrobacter sp. SRS8 on the growth and phytoextraction potential of energy crops Ricinus communis and Helianthus annuus in artificially Ni contaminated soils. The toxicity symptom in plants under Ni stress expressed as chlorophyll, protein content, growth inhibition, and Fe, P concentrations were studied, and the possible relationship among them were also discussed. The PGPB SRS8 was found capable of stimulating plant growth and Ni accumulation in both plant species. Further, the stimulation effect on plant biomass, chlorophyll, and protein content was concomitant with increased Fe and P assimilation from soil to plants. Further, the induction of catalase and peroxidase activities was also involved in the ability of SRS8 to increase the tolerance in both plant species under Ni stress. The findings suggest that strain SRS8 play an important role in promoting the growth and phytoextraction efficiency of R. communis and H. annuus, which may be used for remediation of metal contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Ma
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
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Glick BR, Stearns JC. Making phytoremediation work better: maximizing a plant's growth potential in the midst of adversity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2011; 13 Suppl 1:4-16. [PMID: 22046748 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2011.568533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
While a number of different plants can either breakdown a variety of organic contaminants or hyperaccumulate metals from the environment, even the most efficient of those plants is typically inhibited by the presence of the toxicant(s). The plant stress that is induced by the presence of various environmental toxicants typically limits a plant's growth and ultimately its ability to phytoremediate the toxicant(s). Here, it is argued that the simple strategy of adding plant growth-promoting bacteria (preferably endophytes) that reduce plant ethylene levels by ACC deaminase activity and have the ability to synthesize the phytohoromone IAA, and are used to phytoremediate various toxicants can significantly (and often dramatically) increase both plant growth and phytoremediation activity in the presence of those toxicants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard R Glick
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
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Ma Y, Prasad MNV, Rajkumar M, Freitas H. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and endophytes accelerate phytoremediation of metalliferous soils. Biotechnol Adv 2010; 29:248-58. [PMID: 21147211 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2010.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 459] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2010] [Revised: 12/01/2010] [Accepted: 12/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Technogenic activities (industrial-plastic, textiles, microelectronics, wood preservatives; mining-mine refuse, tailings, smelting; agrochemicals-chemical fertilizers, farm yard manure, pesticides; aerosols-pyrometallurgical and automobile exhausts; biosolids-sewage sludge, domestic waste; fly ash-coal combustion products) are the primary sources of heavy metal contamination and pollution in the environment in addition to geogenic sources. During the last two decades, bioremediation has emerged as a potential tool to clean up the metal-contaminated/polluted environment. Exclusively derived processes by plants alone (phytoremediation) are time-consuming. Further, high levels of pollutants pose toxicity to the remediating plants. This situation could be ameliorated and accelerated by exploring the partnership of plant-microbe, which would improve the plant growth by facilitating the sequestration of toxic heavy metals. Plants can bioconcentrate (phytoextraction) as well as bioimmobilize or inactivate (phytostabilization) toxic heavy metals through in situ rhizospheric processes. The mobility and bioavailability of heavy metal in the soil, particularly at the rhizosphere where root uptake or exclusion takes place, are critical factors that affect phytoextraction and phytostabilization. Developing new methods for either enhancing (phytoextraction) or reducing the bioavailability of metal contaminants in the rhizosphere (phytostabilization) as well as improving plant establishment, growth, and health could significantly speed up the process of bioremediation techniques. In this review, we have highlighted the role of plant growth promoting rhizo- and/or endophytic bacteria in accelerating phytoremediation derived benefits in extensive tables and elaborate schematic sketches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Ma
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Beneficial bacteria of agricultural importance. Biotechnol Lett 2010; 32:1559-70. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-010-0347-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 448] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2010] [Accepted: 06/28/2010] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Glick BR. Using soil bacteria to facilitate phytoremediation. Biotechnol Adv 2010; 28:367-74. [PMID: 20149857 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2010.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 437] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2009] [Revised: 02/02/2010] [Accepted: 02/02/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In the past twenty years or so, researchers have endeavored to utilize plants to facilitate the removal of both organic and inorganic contaminants from the environment, especially from soil. These phytoremediation approaches have come a long way in a short time. However, the majority of this work has been done under more controlled laboratory conditions and not in the field. As an adjunct to various phytoremediation strategies and as part of an effort to make this technology more efficacious, a number of scientists have begun to explore the possibility of using various soil bacteria together with plants. These bacteria include biodegradative bacteria, plant growth-promoting bacteria and bacteria that facilitate phytoremediation by other means. An overview of bacterially assisted phytoremediation is provided here for both organic and metallic contaminants, with the intent of providing some insight into how these bacteria aid phytoremediation so that future field studies might be facilitated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard R Glick
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
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