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Fu L, Wang P, Wu C, Zhou Y, Song Y, Guo S, Li Z, Zhou J. Upgrade of the biggest catalytic ozonation wastewater treatment plant in China: From pollution control to carbon reduction. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 349:119421. [PMID: 37939466 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic ozonation is a widely used effective technology in advanced treatment for the removal of refractory organics from wastewater. However, it is also a highly energy-consuming technology, usually accounting for 30%∼40% of the total electricity consumption of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). The O3 consumption per unit of COD removed (g-O3/g-COD) is usually higher than 1.5 g-O3/g-COD, and the total carbon emission from catalytic ozonation is usually higher than 393.12 kgCO2 e/m3 of wastewater. In this study, we investigated an energy reduction strategy for the biggest catalytic ozonation WWTP, from laboratory-scale experimentation to corresponding engineering application. Laboratory-scale experiments showed that the mass transfer rate of dissolved O3 to the catalyst surface is crucial for COD removal efficiency. To improve the efficiency of catalytic ozonation, adding effluent backflow is a simple method that can enhance the removal of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from the catalyst surface and promote surface exposure. In the pilot-scale experiment (48 m3/d), when the backflow ratio increased from 0% to 100% (the optimal value), the proteins in EPS on the catalyst surface decreased significantly by 66.7%. The corresponding O3 consumption per unit of COD removed was reduced from 2.0 to 1.0 g-O3/g-COD. Furthermore, in the engineering application (52,000 m3/d) with a backflow ratio of 100%, the average effluent COD reduced from 52.0 to 43.3 mg/L, and the O3 consumption per unit of COD removed decreased from 0.98 to 0.69 g-O3/g-COD. In terms of carbon reduction, the indirect carbon emission reduction was approximately 3.0 × 103 t CO2 e/a. This study demonstrates the advantages of catalytic ozonation improvement and provides an engineering model of energy conversation and carbon emission reduction for over 35 similar WWTPs in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liya Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; Research Center of Environmental Pollution Control Engineering Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Panxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; Research Center of Environmental Pollution Control Engineering Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Changyong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; Research Center of Environmental Pollution Control Engineering Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Yuexi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; Research Center of Environmental Pollution Control Engineering Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Yudong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; Research Center of Environmental Pollution Control Engineering Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Shujun Guo
- Jilin Petrochemical Wastewater Treatment Plant, Jilin Petrochemical Company of PetroChina, Jilin, 132000, China
| | - Zhimin Li
- Jilin Petrochemical Wastewater Treatment Plant, Jilin Petrochemical Company of PetroChina, Jilin, 132000, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Jilin Petrochemical Wastewater Treatment Plant, Jilin Petrochemical Company of PetroChina, Jilin, 132000, China
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Wang Y, Wang H, Chen H, Xie H. Zero-valent iron effectively enhances valuable products generated from wastewater containing 2-bromo-4,6-dinitroaniline during hydrolysis acidification process: Performance and mechanisms. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 445:130515. [PMID: 36463748 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Treatment to remove 2-bromo-4,6-dinitroaniline (BDNA) from wastewater is urgently needed owing to its carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, and teratogenicity. Hydrolysis acidification (HA) is widely used to treat wastewater to improve biodegradability and resource utilization. Thus, a zero-valent iron (ZVI)-coupled HA system was operated to treat BDNA-containing wastewater for the first time, with emphasis on the performance and enhanced mechanisms. The improved results for BDNA removal efficiency and B/C ratio and the decreased acute toxicity suggested that ZVI addition benefited the formation of advantageous products for subsequent biological treatment. The volatile fatty acids (VFAs) ratio (CHAc:CHPr:CHBu) was optimized from 21:5:4 to 29:5:6, which benefited the utilization of wastewater resources for lipid generation. ZVI characterization, density functional theory (DFT) calculations, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) analysis, molecular ecological network analysis (MENA), and redundancy analysis (RDA) of the microbial community further revealed that the enhanced mechanisms were summarized as beneficial interactions between ZVI and microorganisms. The ZVI was protected from excessive corrosion and lowered the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), a key environmental factor, resulting in differences in microbial communities. These differences were presented as the enrichment of keystone species (e.g., Lactococcus), which function in BDNA reduction and VFAs generation. Moreover, ZVI promoted electron transfer, as proven by the high electron transfer capacity (ETC) of 0.452 and 0.361 μmol e-/g VSS in the RZVI and blank systems, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiong Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Urban Pollution Control, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Hongwu Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Urban Pollution Control, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Hongbin Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Urban Pollution Control, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Haijiao Xie
- Hangzhou Yanqu Information Technology Co., Ltd, Zhejiang 310003, China
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Gao Y, Han Y, Liu B, Gou J, Feng D, Cheng X. CoFe2O4 nanoparticles anchored on waste eggshell for catalytic oxidation of florfenicol via activating peroxymonosulfate. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.11.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Zhang Z, Yu Y, Xi H, Zhou Y. Inhibitory effect of individual and mixtures of nitrophenols on anaerobic toxicity assay of anaerobic systems: Metabolism and evaluation modeling. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 304:114237. [PMID: 34896800 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The single and combined inhibitory effects of different nitrophenols on the anaerobic toxicity assay (ATA) of anaerobic sludge and the variations in the content of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) were investigated. The results indicated that 2,4-dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP) demonstrated the highest inhibitory effect, followed by 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) and 2-nitrophenol (2-NP), and the combined effects of binary and ternary nitrophenols induced additive toxicity. Furthermore, 2,4-DNP, the dominant toxic nitrophenol, at various concentrations and toxicant ratios, was the major contributor to the combined inhibitory effects of the nitrophenol mixtures. Abundant EPS could be secreted by the anaerobic sludge under the inhibitory effects of toxic 2-NP, 4-NP, and 2,4-DNP at concentrations from 0 to 200 mg/L to resist the adverse effects of the external environment. The protein contents of both loosely bound EPS (LB-EPS) and tightly bound EPS (TB-EPS) exhibited a better linear positive correlation relationship (R2 > 0.92) with the inhibitory rates of 2-NP, 4-NP, and 2,4-DNP, indicating that the proteins generated in the EPS of anaerobic sludge could be a stress response. Therefore, increasing the concentration of the toxic nitrophenols could enhance the stress response and increase protein production. Parallel factor (PARAFAC) analysis for TB-EPS and LB-EPS further confirmed that the major proteins were tyrosine, tryptophan, and aromatic proteins. Moreover, with an increase in the concentrations of 2-NP, 4-NP, and 2,4-DNP from 0 to 200 mg/L, microbial cell lysis and death in anaerobic sludge could be increasingly severe. Thus, this study provides new insights into the inhibitory effects of nitrophenol mixtures, which are frequently found in pharmaceutical and petrochemical effluents, on anaerobic sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuowei Zhang
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing, 100012, PR China; Research Center of Environmental Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, PR China
| | - Yin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing, 100012, PR China; Research Center of Environmental Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, PR China
| | - Hongbo Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing, 100012, PR China; Research Center of Environmental Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, PR China.
| | - Yuexi Zhou
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing, 100012, PR China.
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Chu L, Ding P, Ding M. Pilot-scale microaerobic hydrolysis-acidification and anoxic-oxic processes for the treatment of petrochemical wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:58677-58687. [PMID: 34118001 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14810-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Microaerobic hydrolysis and acidification (MHA), as a promising pre-treatment method of industrial wastewater, is drawing increasing attention to enhance the hydrolysis-acidification rate and inhibit the production of toxic gas H2S. In the present work, a pilot-scale MHA reactor coupled with anoxic-oxic (A/O) processes for treating the petrochemical wastewater was established and the mechanism and application of the MHA reaction were explored. The results showed that the ratio of VFA/COD was increased by 43-90% and low effluent S2- concentration (less than 0.2 mg/L) was obtained after MHA treatment with 5.5-13.8 L air m-3 h-1 supply. The MHA sludge exhibited a good settleability, a higher protease activity and plentiful community diversity. In addition to the dominant anaerobic bacteria responsible for hydrolysis and acidification such as Clostridiales uncultured, Anaerovorax, Anaerolineaceae uncultured and Fastidiosipila, the sulfate reducing bacteria involving Desulfobacter, Desulfomicrobium and Desulfobulbus, the sulphur oxidizing bacteria involving Thiobacillus, Arcobacter and Limnobacter, the nitrifies such as Nitrosomonadaceae uncultured and Nitrospira, and denitrifies Thauera were also identified. MHA pre-treatment guaranteed the efficacy and stability of the following A/O treatment. The removal efficiency of COD and ammonium of the MHA-A/O system remained at around 78.3% and 80.8%, respectively, although the organic load fluctuated greatly in the influent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libing Chu
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China.
| | - Pengyuan Ding
- Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute, Sinopec, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingcong Ding
- College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 102616, People's Republic of China
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Nagda A, Meena M, Shah MP. Bioremediation of industrial effluents: A synergistic approach. J Basic Microbiol 2021; 62:395-414. [PMID: 34516028 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202100225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Industrial wastewater consists of inorganic and organic toxic pollutants that pose a threat to environmental sustainability. The organic pollutants are a menace to the environment and life forms than the inorganic substances and pose teratogenic, mutagenic, carcinogenic, and other serious detrimental effects on the living entities, moreover, they have a gene-altering effect on aquatic life forms and affect the soil fertility and quality. Removal of varying effluents having recalcitrant contaminants with conventional treatment technologies is strenuous. In contrast to physical and chemical methods, biological treatment methods are environmentally friendly, versatile, efficient, and technically feasible with low operational costs and energy footprints. Biological treatment is a secondary wastewater treatment system that utilizes the metabolic activities of microorganisms to oxidize or reduce inorganic and organic compounds and transform them into dense biomass, which later can be removed by the sedimentation process. Biological treatment in bioreactors is an ex situ method of bioremediation and provides the benefits of continuous monitoring under controlled parameters. This paper attempts to provide a review of bioremediation technologies discussing most concerning widespread bioreactors and advances used for different industrial effluents with their comparative merits and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adhishree Nagda
- Laboratory of Phytopathology and Microbial Biotechnology, Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Mukesh Meena
- Laboratory of Phytopathology and Microbial Biotechnology, Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Maulin P Shah
- Environmental Technology Lab, Bharuch, Gujarat, India
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Fu L, Wu C, Zuo J, Zhou Y, Yang J. Residual ozone in microorganisms enhanced organics removal and shaped microbial community. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 278:130322. [PMID: 33831684 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The residual ozone played an important role in enhancing the organics removal by stimulate subsequent biological processes. However, how the residual ozone affects the biological process is not well studied. In this work, a pilot scale integrated O3-BAF, ordinary BAF and separated O3-BAF were compared in advanced treatment of real bio-treated petrochemical wastewater. Results showed that residual ozone with 0.05-0.10 mg L-1 in the BAF demonstrated relatively high chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency of 48.4%, which was 1.5-fold higher than that obtained by separated O3-BAF and 3-fold higher than that obtained by ordinary BAF. The stimulative effect of low dosage of O3 on biological treatment additionally donated 33.9% of the COD removal in the BAF. The COD removal amount per dosage of ozone reached 5.30 mg-COD/mg-O3. The biofilm thickness in the integrated O3-BAF was reduced by 30-50% while the dehydrogenase activity (DHA) was improved by 500%, indicating the stimulate effect on the bioactivity. Additionally, Illumina HiSeq sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons demonstrated significant microbial diversity decreasing. Specially, Gemmatimonadetes and Bacteroidetes are the dominate microorganism in the integrated O3-BAF, having a positive correlation with the proper residual ozone, and increased by 5.4% and 4.2% in comparison with the separated O3-BAF, respectively. The residual ozone higher than 0.22 mg L-1 showed inhibition effect on the bioactivity. In summary, the control of residual ozone introduced to BAF was crucial for stimulative effects and manager the microbial community in the integrated O3-BAF, which still need further detail research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liya Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; Research Center of Environmental Pollution Control Engineering Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Changyong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; Research Center of Environmental Pollution Control Engineering Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Jian'e Zuo
- Research Center of Environmental Pollution Control Engineering Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Yuexi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; Research Center of Environmental Pollution Control Engineering Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Jin Yang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing, 100083, China
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Tang G, Li B, Zhang B, Wang C, Zeng G, Zheng X, Liu C. Dynamics of dissolved organic matter and dissolved organic nitrogen during anaerobic/anoxic/oxic treatment processes. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 331:125026. [PMID: 33812138 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
With Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) and fluorescence spectroscopy, this study investigated the transformation of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and nitrogen (DON) during the widely-applied anaerobic/anoxic/oxic (A2O) processes to provide molecular insights into the removal, generation, and reduction of DOM/DON species in different biological treatment units. Results indicated that the anaerobic process decomposed the macromolecules of influent DOM/DON and decreased their mass. The anoxic process denitrified DON and generated DOM, as indicated by the decreased molecule number of CHON and CHONS and the increased CHO and CHOS species, as well as the increased overall DOM intensities. DOM mineralization and ammonia nitrogen-DON conversion occurred in the oxic process. Aromaticity and unsaturation degree increased slightly after the A2O processes, which was correlated with the relative abundance of Proteobacteria (positively) and Bacteroidetes (negatively). The results have strong implications to the understanding of DOM/DON dynamics in wastewater treatment plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Tang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Binrui Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China; School of Environment, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Bowei Zhang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Chen Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Guangci Zeng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Xing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, PR China
| | - Chongxuan Liu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China.
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Refinery wastewater treatment via a multistage enhanced biochemical process. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10282. [PMID: 33986369 PMCID: PMC8119716 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89665-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Petroleum refinery wastewater (PRWW) that contains recalcitrant components as the major portion of constituents is difficult to treat by conventional biological processes. An effective and economical biological treatment process was established to treat industrial PRWW with an influent COD of over 2500 mg L−1 in this research. This process is mainly composed of internal circulation biological aerated filter (ICBAF), hydrolysis acidfication (HA), two anaerobic–aerobic (A/O) units, a membrane biological reactor (MBR), and ozone-activated carbon (O3-AC) units. The results showed that, overall, this system removed over 94% of the COD, BOD5, ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) and phosphorus in the influent, with the ICBAF unit accounting for 54.6% of COD removal and 83.6% of BOD5 removal, and the two A/O units accounting for 33.3% of COD removal and 9.4% of BOD5 removal. The degradation processes of eight organic pollutants and their removal via treatment were also analyzed. Furthermore, 26 bacteria were identified in this system, with Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria being the most dominant. Ultimately, the treatment process exhibited good performance in degrading complex organic pollutants in the PRWW.
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Wang D, Gao C, Wang C, Liu N, Qiu C, Yu J, Wang S. Effect of mixed petrochemical wastewater with different effluent sources on anaerobic treatment: organic removal behaviors and microbial community. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:5880-5891. [PMID: 32975754 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10951-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Petrochemical industrial effluent contains industrial wastewater from various manufacturing processes. The mixed treatment of these different petrochemical wastewater effluents may influence the organic removal performance of the anaerobic processes. In this study, three typical petrochemical effluents, including polyester (PE), polyethylene terephthalate, and purified terephthalic acid wastewater, were collected. The effect of the mixed petrochemical wastewater on the organic removal and microbial community structure was investigated in the anaerobic batch assays via spectroscopy and high-throughput sequencing. The organic removal efficiencies were similar (71-85%) in all the batch assays for 90 h acclimation. The mixture of wastewater, especially the addition of PE wastewater, significantly prolonged organic removal process. It was related to the aromatic removal performance and microbial community structure during the mixed wastewater treatment. The microbial community structure in the mixed wastewater batch assay showed high similarity with that in the PE wastewater batch assay. Ignavibacterium, Syntrophus, and Pelotomaculum were crucial to the degradation of aromatic compounds together with Methanosaeta. The mixture of wastewater, especially the addition of PE wastewater, caused the decay of these functional microbes and resulted in the inefficient removal of the aromatic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300384, China.
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, No. 26, Jingjing Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin, 300384, China.
| | - Chuyun Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300384, China
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, No. 26, Jingjing Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Chenchen Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300384, China
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, No. 26, Jingjing Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Nannan Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300384, China
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, No. 26, Jingjing Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Chunsheng Qiu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300384, China
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, No. 26, Jingjing Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Jingjie Yu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300384, China
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, No. 26, Jingjing Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Shaopo Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300384, China
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, No. 26, Jingjing Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin, 300384, China
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11
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Chen Z, Li D, Wen Q. Investigation of hydrolysis acidification process during anaerobic treatment of coal gasification wastewater (CGW): Evolution of dissolved organic matter and biotoxicity. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 723:137995. [PMID: 32213409 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Coal gasification wastewater (CGW) contains several types of aromatic pollutants, which impart high biotoxicity and reduce the quality of anaerobic treatment. Two types of hydrolysis acidification processes, namely microaerobic hybrid reactor (HA-1) and upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor (HA-2), were developed for pre-treatment before the anaerobic treatment. The changes in the dissolved organic matter and biotoxicity were investigated to comprehensively understand the degradation process. The results showed that HA-2 coupled with an anaerobic reactor achieved a 12.3% and 13.4% higher removal efficiency for chemical oxygen demand and total phenols, respectively, compared with the coupled process with HA-1. Furthermore, HA-2 could transform macromolecules into small molecules more efficiently and produce fewer intermediates. The coupled process with HA-2 preferentially removed complex aromatic substances with absorption wavelengths of 285 and 254 nm, according to the sequential orders interpreted from two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy. In addition, the results of fluorescence excitation-emission-matrix with regional integration analysis revealed that the contents of typical cyclic compounds in CGW, such as phenolic, heterocyclic, and polycyclic aromatic compounds were remarkably reduced by HA-2. In addition, HA-2 reduced the toxic unit value of CGW by 67.5% and increased the resazurin dehydrogenase activity of the sludge by 37.5% during CGW treatment, thus improving the biotoxicity removal and biodegradability. However, the coupled process with HA-2 did not significantly affect the "indirect estrogenic activity" of CGW. A Pearson correlation analysis indicated that spectral indicators, such as UV254 and ΦT,n, presented a high positive correlation with the reduction of acute toxicity and organics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; School of Civil Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Da Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Qinxue Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
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Lin XQ, Kong WM, Lin X. Degradation of high-concentration p-nitrophenol by Fenton oxidation. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2020; 81:2260-2269. [PMID: 32701503 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2020.284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This work aimed to degrade high-concentration p-nitrophenol (PNP) by Fenton oxidation. We studied various reaction parameters during Fenton oxidation, such as the iron dosage (as Fe2+), the initial concentration and temperature of PNP, and the dosage of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), especially the influence of temperature on the PNP degradation rate and degree. Under the addition of the same molar ratio of H2O2/Fe2+ and H2O2 dosage according to the theoretical stoichiometry, the PNP degradation rate and the removal rate of total organic carbon (TOC) increased significantly with the increase in the initial PNP concentration. Moreover, the oxidative degradation effect was significantly affected by temperature. The increased reaction temperature not only significantly reduced the Fe2+ dosage, but also greatly promoted the removal rate of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and TOC, and improved the utilization efficiency of H2O2. For example, when the initial concentration of PNP was 4,000 mg·L-1, and the dosage of Fe2+ was 109 mg·L-1 (H2O2/Fe2+ = 200), the removal rates of COD and TOC at 85 °C reached 95% and 71% respectively. Both were higher than the 93% COD removal rate and 44% TOC removal rate when the dosage of Fe2+ was 1,092 mg·L-1 (H2O2/Fe2+ = 20) at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Qing Lin
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China E-mail:
| | - Wei Min Kong
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China E-mail:
| | - Xiao Lin
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China E-mail:
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Ribera-Pi J, Badia-Fabregat M, Arias D, Gómez V, Taberna E, Sanz J, Martínez-Lladó X, Jubany I. Coagulation-flocculation and moving bed biofilm reactor as pre-treatment for water recycling in the petrochemical industry. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 715:136800. [PMID: 32007876 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Water recycling and reuse is of important value in water-using sectors like petrochemical industry. The aim of this research was to optimise the pre-treatment of petrochemical wastewater to undergo a further membrane treatment, with the final objective of water recycling within the same industry. Laboratory coagulation-flocculation tests prior to biological treatment were performed using Actiflo® Veolia commercial technology and an optimal coagulant dose of 30 mg/L ferric chloride was obtained. A bench-scale Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) system with two sequential reactors with working volumes of 5 L was filled with Z-carriers at 35% of their working volume. Organic loading rate (OLR) was varied from 0.2 to 3.25 kg/(m3 d) and the hydraulic retention time (HRT) ranged from 23.4 h to 4.5 h. High soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD) removals were obtained in stationary states (80-90%) and the calculated maximum sCOD that the system could degrade was 4.96 ± 0.01 kg/(m3 d) at 23 ± 2 °C. Changes in feed composition did not decrease sCOD removals showing that MBBR is a robust technology and the coagulation-flocculation step could be by-passed. Further removal of total suspended solids (TSS) and turbidity from the MBBR effluent would be required before a reverse osmosis (RO) step could be performed. A biofilm-forming genus, Haliscomenobacter spp., and an oil degrading genus Flavobacterium spp. were found in all the attached biomass samples. Acinetobacter spp. was the major bacterial genera found in suspended biomass. Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were the major phyla detected in the carrier samples while Proteobacteria the main one detected in the suspended biomass. The lack of fungal annotated sequences in databases led to a major proportion of fungal sequences being categorized as unclassified Fungi. The results obtained indicate that MBBR is an appropriate technology for hydrocarbon-degrading microorganism growth and, thus, for petrochemical wastewater pre-treatment for water regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judit Ribera-Pi
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Sustainability Area, Manresa, Spain.
| | | | - David Arias
- DuPont Water Solutions, Global Water Technology Center, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Verónica Gómez
- DuPont Water Solutions, Global Water Technology Center, Tarragona, Spain
| | | | - Joan Sanz
- Veolia Water Technologies, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain
| | | | - Irene Jubany
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Sustainability Area, Manresa, Spain
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Fu L, Wu C, Zhou Y, Zuo J, Song G, Tan Y. Ozonation reactivity characteristics of dissolved organic matter in secondary petrochemical wastewater by single ozone, ozone/H 2O 2, and ozone/catalyst. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 233:34-43. [PMID: 31163306 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Advanced oxidation methods (e.g., ozonation systems) are used for control of recalcitrant pollutants in secondary petrochemical wastewater. For the selection of the optimal wastewater treatment method, we compared the reactivity characteristics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in three common ozone treatment processes: single ozone, ozone/H2O2, and ozone/catalyst. The raw and ozonated DOM were fractionated into six fractions using ion exchange resins. Fluorescence spectroscopy and size exclusion chromatography were employed to characterize the fractions. The results showed that the single ozone system transformed hydrophobic components into hydrophilic components, but exhibited low mineralization ability. By contrast, the increase in hydrophilic acid fractions transformed from other fractions in the ozonation process were further mineralized in the ozone/H2O2 and ozone/catalyst systems. Ozone/H2O2 preferentially reduced hydrophobic bases, whereas ozone/catalyst preferentially reduced hydrophilic neutral components. However, ozone/H2O2 exhibited low selectivity in degrading organic compounds of different molecular weights. The highest total organic carbon (TOC) removal efficiency was achieved in the ozone/catalyst system, which promoted the transformation from fulvic acid- and humic acid-like substances into aromatic proteins and soluble microbial by-product-like substances. The single ozone system transformed high-molecular-weight compounds into low-molecular-weight compounds, resulting in an unsatisfactory TOC removal efficiency. By contrast, the ozone/catalyst system selectively removed the residual low-molecular-weight compounds in the reaction with ozone. This might have contributed to the high TOC removal efficiency of the ozone/catalyst treatment. These results can be used by other researchers and engineers to inform the selection of optimal ozone treatment based on wastewater characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liya Fu
- Research Center of Water Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Changyong Wu
- Research Center of Water Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Yuexi Zhou
- Research Center of Water Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Jiane Zuo
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Guangqing Song
- Research Center of Water Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yu Tan
- Research Center of Water Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
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Zhang J, Wu X, Qiu D, Mao J, Zhang H. Pilot-scale in situ treatment of landfill leachate using combined coagulation-flocculation, hydrolysis acidification, SBR and electro-Fenton oxidation. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2019; 40:2191-2200. [PMID: 28488464 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1329347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of a landfill leachate was developed at the pilot scale using a combination of processes, including coagulation, hydrolysis acidification (HA)-sequence batch reactors (SBR) and electro-Fenton oxidation in series. The aim was to enhance the removal of pollutants in the landfill leachate, which contained high organic and NH3-N loadings. During the 156-day in situ operation, the average removal efficiency of the chemical oxygen demand (COD) was 97.8% and the lowest effluent COD was 78 mg/L. The removal efficiencies of colour, turbidity and total phosphorus were all higher than 97%. The overall operating cost was US$ 4.84/m3. This combined process showed a high potential to efficiently remediate landfill leachate at an acceptable expense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- a Department of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University , Wuhan , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaogang Wu
- a Department of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University , Wuhan , People's Republic of China
- b School of Urban Construction, Yangtze University , Jingzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Di Qiu
- a Department of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University , Wuhan , People's Republic of China
| | - Jianguo Mao
- c Wuhan Environment Investment and Development Group Limited Company , Wuhan , People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhang
- a Department of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University , Wuhan , People's Republic of China
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Zhang B, Shan C, Hao Z, Liu J, Wu B, Pan B. Transformation of dissolved organic matter during full-scale treatment of integrated chemical wastewater: Molecular composition correlated with spectral indexes and acute toxicity. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 157:472-482. [PMID: 30981978 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
As one of the key economic modes in China, chemical industry park (CIP) has made great contribution to the Chinese rapid economic growth. Concomitantly, how to effectively and safely dispose of the CIP wastewater (CIPWW) has been an unavoidable issue. Molecular transformation of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in CIPWW treatment is essential to optimize the employed process and to provide solid basis for risk evaluation of the discharged effluent as well. In this study, electrospray ionization coupled with Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (ESI-FT-ICR-MS) was used to characterize the molecular transformation of DOM during full-scale treatment of integrated chemical wastewater in a centralized wastewater treatment plant (CWWTP), where the combined process follows hydrolysis/acidification (HA)-flocculation/precipitation (FP)-A2/O-membrane bioreactor (MBR)-ultrafiltration (UF)-reverse osmosis (RO). Compared to municipal wastewater, DOM in CIPWW exhibited higher unsaturation degree, lower molecular weight, and higher toxicity. In FP unit, DOM of C<24 and higher nominal oxidation state of carbon (NOSC) values was preferentially removed. The HA and anaerobic units are capable of significantly degrading DOM, resulting in great changes in molecular composition of DOM. However, the anoxic, oxic, and MBR units only lead to a slight change of the molecular formulae. The terminal units of UF and RO can remove most DOM, with the concentration of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) declining by 19.2% and 94.6% respectively. The correlation between spectral indexes and acute toxicity with the molecular formulae of DOM suggested that polyphenols and highly unsaturated phenols were positively correlated with the specific UV absorbance at 254 nm (SUVA254). In addition, both compounds (0.32 < O/C < 0.63) as well as the aliphatic ones (0.22 < O/C < 0.56) presented positive correlation with acute toxicity. Further, the pairwise correlation analysis illustrated that SUVA254, O/Cwa, double bond equivalence (DBEwa), and NOSCwa were positively correlated with each other, whereas the acute toxicity was positively correlated with humification index (HIX), O/Cwa, and DBEwa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chao Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Research Center for Environmental Nanotechnology (ReCENT), Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhineng Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jingfu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Bing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Bingcai Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Research Center for Environmental Nanotechnology (ReCENT), Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Makoś P, Przyjazny A, Boczkaj G. Methods of assaying volatile oxygenated organic compounds in effluent samples by gas chromatography—A review. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1592:143-160. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Liu T, Shen Z, Zhang C, Song Y, Li J, Yang Z, Song G, Han Z, Zhou Y. Effect of influent pH on hydrolytic acidification performance and bacterial community structure in EGSB for pretreating crotonaldehyde manufacture wastewater after ozonation. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2019; 79:1174-1183. [PMID: 31070597 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2019.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of influent pH on the hydrolytic acidification (HA) performance and microbial community structure in an expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) pretreating crotonaldehyde manufacture wastewater (CMW) after ozonation. The results showed that higher chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rate (40.1%) and acidification degree (27.6%) were obtained at pH 8.0 than those at pH 6.0 and pH 4.0. The concentration of extractable extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) in the sludge gradually decreased with the pH decreasing from 8.0 to 4.0. A similar change was also observed for the concentration of total volatile fatty acids (TVFA) in the effluent. The optimal detoxification efficiency by the HA process was obtained at pH 8.0, with higher removal efficiency (all higher than 90%) of the main toxic pollutants (crotonaldehyde, 5-formyl-6-methyl-4,5-dihydropyran, etc.) and higher anaerobic biodegradation rate (44.5%) in biochemical methane potential (BMP) assay. Among the predominant genera, the Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas were possibly related to biodegradation of pollutants, since their higher relative abundance also coincided with the better performance of the HA process at pH 8.0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730000, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China E-mail:
| | - Zhiqiang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China E-mail:
| | - Chunyu Zhang
- Jilin Petrochemical Company, Ltd, PetroChina, Jilin 132022, China
| | - Yudong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China E-mail:
| | - Jie Li
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zongpu Yang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Guangqing Song
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China E-mail:
| | - Zhenfeng Han
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Yuexi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China E-mail:
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Ren Y, Zhou J, Pan Z, Lai B, Yuan D. Rapid removal of ultra-high-concentration p-nitrophenol in aqueous solution by microwave-enhanced Fe/Cu bimetallic particle (MW-Fe/Cu) system. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2019; 40:239-249. [PMID: 28952417 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1385647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Ultra-high-concentration PNP-contained wastewaters are produced sometimes due to the wide application of this nitrophenolic compound in the chemical industry. However, there is a lack of appropriate technologies to rapidly pretreat the ultra-high-concentration wastewater. Therefore, a new microwave-enhanced Fe/Cu bimetallic particles (MW-Fe/Cu) system was developed to rapidly remove ultra-high-concentration PNP. First, the priority of the determinative parameters was obtained by orthogonal experiment. Based on this result, the effects of initial pH, microwave power, Fe/Cu dosage and initial PNP concentration on PNP removal were optimized thoroughly. Under the optimal conditions (i.e. initial pH = 1.0, MW power = 385 W, Fe/Cu dosage = 30 g/L and initial PNP concentration = 4000 mg/L), four control treatment systems (i.e. MW-Fe0, heating-Fe/Cu, MW alone and Fe/Cu alone system) were set up to compare with the MW-Fe/Cu system. The results suggest that high PNP removal (more than 99% with 2.5 min, k1/k2 = 1.18/6.91 min-1) and COD removal (26.6% with 5 min treatment) could be obtained by the MW-Fe/Cu system, which were much superior to those obtained using the MW-Fe0 (k1/k2 = 0.62/2.21 min-1) and the heating-Fe/Cu system (k1/k2 = 0.53/1.52 min-1). Finally, the determination of the intermediates of PNP degradation by HPLC indicated that the MW assistance process did not change the degradation pathway of PNP. This concludes that the new MW-Fe/Cu system was the promising technology for pretreatment of wastewater containing ultra-high-concentration toxic and refractory pollutants at a fairly short treatment time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ren
- a Haitian Water Group Co., Ltd , Chengdu , People's Republic of China
- b Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Architecture and Environment , Sichuan University , Chengdu , People's Republic of China
| | - Jinfan Zhou
- b Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Architecture and Environment , Sichuan University , Chengdu , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhicheng Pan
- a Haitian Water Group Co., Ltd , Chengdu , People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Lai
- a Haitian Water Group Co., Ltd , Chengdu , People's Republic of China
- b Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Architecture and Environment , Sichuan University , Chengdu , People's Republic of China
| | - Donghai Yuan
- c Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Beijing Climate Change Response Research and Education Center , Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture , Beijing , People's Republic of China
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Wu C, Li Y, Zhou Y, Li Z, Zhang S, Liu H. Upgrading the Chinese biggest petrochemical wastewater treatment plant: Technologies research and full scale application. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 633:189-197. [PMID: 29573685 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The components of petrochemical wastewater (PCWW) are very complex and it is one of the most important sources of organic micropollutants (OMPs) in water bodies. To improve the effluent qualities of PCWW, the Chinese government has promulgated a new Emission Standard of Pollutants for Petroleum Chemistry Industry. More than 60 types of OMPs, most of which are toxic organics, are added and strictly limited in the standard. Based on the bench- and pilot-scale experiments, a pretreatment (microaerobic hydrolysis and acidification, MOHA), biological (anoxic/oxic process, A/O) and advanced treatment (micro-flocculation dynasand filtration and catalytic ozonation, MFDF-CO) integrated process is proposed. The full-scale application in the Chinese biggest petrochemical wastewater treatment plant has demonstrated that the performance of the integrated process is stable and it can significantly improve the effluent qualities. The effluent COD decreased from 84.7 to 47.0mg/L and most of the OMPs were removed. The EC50 of the effluent for luminescent bacteria assay, algal growth inhibition, Daphnia magna inhibition test and zebrafish eggs test are all higher than 100% and the induction rate (IR) for genotoxicity is only 0.76. The energy demand, however, with the electricity consumption increase by 44.1%, is very high for OMPs removal, leading to high indirect carbon emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Research Center of Water Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yanan Li
- School of Marine Science and Technology and Environment, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yuexi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Research Center of Water Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Zhimin Li
- Jilin Petrochemical Wastewater Treatment Plant, Jilin Petrochemical Company of PetroChina, Jilin 132000, China
| | - Siyu Zhang
- School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hengming Liu
- School of Marine Science and Technology and Environment, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
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Derakhshan M, Fazeli M. Improved biodegradability of hardly-decomposable wastewaters from petrochemical industry through photo-Fenton method and determination of optimum operational conditions by response surface methodology. J Biol Eng 2018; 12:10. [PMID: 29951111 PMCID: PMC6011265 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-018-0104-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Petrochemical wastewaters are highly polluting due to having various destructive materials such as aromatic hydrocarbons and heavy metal ions. Therefore, they need to be treated before disposal to the environment. However, due to low biodegradability, applying common treatment methods such as activated sludge is not feasible for these wastewaters. METHODS Photo-Fenton is an advanced oxidation process which was applied to promote the biodegradability of hardly-decomposable petrochemical wastewaters. The wastewater samples were provided by Maroon and Karoon petrochemical plants, located in Mahshahr, Iran. To design the experiments and analyze the experimental results, response surface method with four variables (input COD and TDS concentrations and injected a dosage of H2O2 and Fe2+) and four fixed parameters (temperature, pH, retention time, and UV power) were used. RESULTS The ranges of input COD, H2O2, Fe2+ and TDS were 1000 to 2500 mg L- 1, 1000 to 4000 mg L- 1, 500 to 3000 mg L- 1, and 4500 to 11,500 mg L- 1, respectively. Average input BOD5/COD ratio was 0.09. These ranges and values were determined according to the quality of the raw wastewater and experimental design. Output BOD5/COD ratio was varying between 0.3 and 0.6, which declined with an increase of input COD. The results showed that the biodegradability of the industrial wastewater was promoted upon application of higher H2O2 and Fe2+ concentrations. Meanwhile, TDS concentration had no significant effect on biodegradability of this wastewater. The following optimum conditions were resulted by evaluating the maximum efficiency of the reactor in enhancing the biodegradability of the wastewater: 1000 mg L- 1 input COD, 2668 mg L- 1 H2O2, 1655 mg L- 1 Fe2+, 8000 mg L- 1 TDS, 0.6 output BOD5/COD, 852 mg L- 1 output BOD5 and 939 mg L- 1 output COD. CONCLUSION Photo-Fenton method is highly efficient for increasing the biodegradability of petrochemical wastewaters before applying biological wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood Derakhshan
- Faculty of Civil, Water and Environmental Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University A.C, Abbaspour Boulevard, Hakimieh, Tehranpars, Tehran, 17765-1719 Iran
| | - Mojtaba Fazeli
- Faculty of Civil, Water and Environmental Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University A.C, Abbaspour Boulevard, Hakimieh, Tehranpars, Tehran, 17765-1719 Iran
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Wu C, Zhou Y, Zhang S, Xu M, Song J. The effect of toxic carbon source on the reaction of activated sludge in the batch reactor. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 194:784-792. [PMID: 29253823 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.12.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The toxic carbon source can cause higher residual effluent dissolved organic carbon than easily biodegraded carbon source in activated sludge process. In this study, an integrated activated sludge model is developed as the tool to understand the mechanism of toxic carbon source (phenol) on the reaction, regarding the carbon flows during the aeration period in the batch reactor. To estimate the toxic function of phenol, the microbial cells death rate (kdeath) is introduced into the model. The integrated model was calibrated and validated by the experimental data and it was found the model simulations matched the all experimental measurements. In the steady state, the toxicity of phenol can result in higher microbial cells death rate (0.1637 h-1 vs 0.0028 h-1) and decay rate coefficient of biomass (0.0115 h-1 vs 0.0107 h-1) than acetate. In addition, the utilization-associated products (UAP) and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) formation coefficients of phenol are higher than that of acetate, indicating that more carbon flows into the extracellular components, such as soluble microbial products (SMP), when degrading toxic organics. In the non-steady state of feeding phenol, the yield coefficient for growth and maximum specific growth rate are very low in the first few days (1-10 d), while the decay rate coefficient of biomass and microbial cells death rate are relatively high. The model provides insights into the difference of the dynamic reaction with different carbon sources in the batch reactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Research Center of Water Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Yuexi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Research Center of Water Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Siyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Min Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jiamei Song
- Research Center of Water Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
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Wei C, Wei L, Li C, Wei D, Zhao Y. Effects of salinity, C/S ratio, S/N ratio on the BESI process, and treatment of nanofiltration concentrate. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:5129-5139. [PMID: 28710731 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9585-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A laboratory-scale biodegradation and electron transfer based on the sulfur metabolism in the integrated (BESI®) process was used to treat a saline petrochemical nanofiltration concentrate (NFC). The integrated process consisted of activated sludge sulfate reduction (SR), and sulfide oxidation (SO) reactors, and a biofilm nitrification reactor. During the process, the total removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen, and total nitrogen (TN) were 76.2, 83.8, and 73.1%, respectively. In the SR reactor, most of the organic degradation occurred and approximately 70% COD were removed by the sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB). In the SO reactor, both the autotrophic and heterotrophic denitrifications were observed to take place. In parallel, batch experiments were conducted to detect the effects of different C/S and S/N ratios on COD removal and denitrification efficiency. The batch experiments were also conducted to detect the effects of salinity on COD and sulfate reduction. The composition of pollutants in the wastewater was complex, and some existing organics were not degraded by the SRB. The non-SRB groups also played important roles in the reactor. Under salinity-induced stress, the metabolisms of the SRBs and non-SRB groups were both inhibited. However, 6 g/L NaCl did not have much effect on the final COD removal efficiency. In the batch experiments, the added sulfide served as the electron donor for autotrophic denitrification. The added organics provided substance for heterotrophic denitrification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Li Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
| | - Chunying Li
- School of Energy and Civil Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150028, China
| | - Dong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Yunfa Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
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Chen A, Bian Z, Xu J, Xin X, Wang H. Simultaneous removal of Cr(VI) and phenol contaminants using Z-scheme bismuth oxyiodide/reduced graphene oxide/bismuth sulfide system under visible-light irradiation. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 188:659-666. [PMID: 28923729 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2017] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
An all-solid-state Z-scheme system containing Bi-based semiconductors bismuth oxyiodide (BiOI) and bismuth sulfide (Bi2S3) was constructed on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) sheets through an electrostatic self-assembly method to simultaneously remove aqueous Cr(VI) and phenol. In this Z-scheme that mimicked natural photosynthesis, photoinduced electrons in the conduction band (CB) of BiOI were transferred through rGO and reacted with photoinduced holes in the valence band (VB) of Bi2S3, which significantly increased its photocatalytic activity. The reduction and oxidation reactions were performed on Bi2S3 and BiOI photocatalysts, respectively. Furthermore, complex contaminants of coexisting heavy metal Cr(VI) and organic phenol were treated using the system under visible-light irradiation. Results showed that Cr(VI) reduction and phenol oxidation were achieved efficiently with optimum reductive and oxidative efficiencies up to 73% and 95% under visible-light irradiation, respectively. This work provided a promising method of simultaneously removing heavy metals and organic pollutants by using a Z-scheme system with enhanced photocatalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Acong Chen
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China
| | - Zhaoyong Bian
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China.
| | - Jie Xu
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China
| | - Xin Xin
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China
| | - Hui Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China.
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Song G, Xi H, Zhou Y, Fu L, Xing X, Wu C. Influence of organic load rate (OLR) on the hydrolytic acidification of 2-butenal manufacture wastewater and analysis of bacterial community structure. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 243:502-511. [PMID: 28692919 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.06.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2017] [Revised: 06/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The influence of organic loading rate (OLR) on the performance of hydrolytic acidification process for treating 2-butenal manufacture wastewater was comprehensively studied, while its impact on microbial community was thoroughly investigated. The results demonstrated that over 21.0% of the average COD removal rate was observed in the range of OLR from 0.52 to 3.98g COD/L·d, whereas it reduced to 15.3% with increasing OLR to 6.09g COD/L·d. The acidification degree dramatically decreased from 17.1% to 4.7% when OLR increased from 3.98 to 6.09g COD/L·d. In addition, the removal rates of three kinds of typical matters were less than 65% at the OLR 6.09g COD/L·d. Illumina MiSeq sequencing revealed that Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes were dominant phyla at different OLRs. Finally, multivariate analysis suggested that the genera Longilinea and T78 had a positive correlation with the degradation of three kinds of typical matters and COD removal rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangqing Song
- Research Center of Water Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China
| | - Hongbo Xi
- Research Center of Water Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Yuexi Zhou
- Research Center of Water Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China.
| | - Liya Fu
- Research Center of Water Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Xin Xing
- Research Center of Water Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Changyong Wu
- Research Center of Water Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
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26
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Xu M, Wu C, Zhou Y. Advanced treatment of petrochemical secondary effluent by Fenton: performance and organics removal characteristics. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2017; 75:1431-1439. [PMID: 28333058 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2017.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The Fenton process was used to treat petrochemical secondary effluent. The effects of initial pH, H2O2, and FeSO4·7H2O dosages on chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal, the dissolved organic matter (DOM) removal and the transformation and migration of typical organic matters during the treatment process were investigated. The results showed that the optimum conditions were initial pH of 3.0, H2O2 (30%) dosage of 0.4 mL/L, and FeSO4·7H2O dosage of 1.0 g/L. The highest COD removal efficiency of 61.9% could be achieved for this condition when the average influent COD was 78.5 mg/L. Most of the DOM in the petrochemical wastewater could be removed effectively by Fenton through direct oxidation and coagulation. For example, for trans-1,2-dichlorocyclopentane, results showed that 56.3% of it could be removed by Fenton oxidation, while 13.3% of it could be absorbed by the in situ generated Fenton chemical sludge. The Fenton process is simple and it is suitable for the advanced treatment of petrochemical secondary effluent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xu
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Research Center of Water Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Changyong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China E-mail: ; Research Center of Water Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yuexi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China E-mail: ; Research Center of Water Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
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27
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Wu C, Zhou Y, Wang Y, Guo M. Innovative combination of Fe 2+-BAF and ozonation for enhancing phosphorus and organic micropollutants removal treating petrochemical secondary effluent. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 323:654-662. [PMID: 27776874 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Two sets of BAF - ozonation systems, with (System-A) and without (System-B) Fe2+ dosing into BAF, were used for organic micropollutants (OMPs) and phosphorus removal in the advanced treatment of petrochemical secondary effluent. Pilot scale study showed that when the influent COD, TP and TSS were 73.0, 1.40 and 24.6mgL-1, the effluent COD, TP and TSS were 48.9, 0.32, 7.78mgL-1 for System-A with the ozone and Fe2+ dosage of 25mgL-1 and 0.08mmolL-1, and 60.2, 1.16, 6.44mgL-1 for System-B with the ozone dosage of 25mgL-1. The dosage of Fe2+ into the BAF significantly enhanced the TP and OMPs removal ability. Exactly, the residual Fe2+ in the BAF-A effluent stimulated the catalytic ozonation in the following ozone unit. Therefore, the OMPs removal in System-A was obviously better than that in System-B. The dosage of Fe2+ from 0.02 to 0.10mmolL-1 had slight adverse effect on the biofilm activity in BAF. Based on the TP and OMPs removal ability, the System-B is selected as a proposed process for the advanced treatment of petrochemical secondary effluent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Research Center of Water Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yuexi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Research Center of Water Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Yi Wang
- Research Center of Water Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Mingkun Guo
- Research Center of Water Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
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28
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Hu H, Jiang C, Ma H, Ding L, Geng J, Xu K, Huang H, Ren H. Removal characteristics of DON in pharmaceutical wastewater and its influence on the N-nitrosodimethylamine formation potential and acute toxicity of DOM. WATER RESEARCH 2017; 109:114-121. [PMID: 27871050 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2016] [Revised: 10/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Previous research has focused on dissolved organic carbon (DOC) as a surrogate for dissolved organic matter (DOM) in pharmaceutical wastewater. Dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) as a part of DOM has received little attention. This study investigated the removal characteristics of DON and its influence on the N-nitrosodimethylamine formation potential (NDMA FP) and acute toxicity of DOM in a full-scale hydrolysis/acidification + anaerobic/anoxic/aerobic + moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) process treating pharmaceutical wastewater. Results showed that maximum removal of DON (68 ± 12%) was present in the anaerobic process. The removal of DON by anoxic and aerobic processes was negligible as a result of the production of new N-containing compounds that are characteristic of proteins/amino sugars and lipids. DON concentration decreased significantly in the MBBR process (p < 0.05, t-test), indicating that manipulation of the solids retention times (SRTs) could be a solution to minimize DON. Based on the Pearson correlation analysis, the behavior of NDMA FP and DOM acute toxicity was significantly associated with the 3 kDa < MW < 10 kDa (r = 0.709, p < 0.05) and MW < 3 kDa DON (r = 0.659, p < 0.05), respectively, and are not identical to that of DOC fractions (r = 0.037-0.466, p = 0.051-0.886). Moreover, the removal and molecular changes of DON are not coupled with that of DOC during biotreatment. Thus, testing the performance indicator of DON in pharmaceutical wastewater was recommended, as it provides important information for DOM removal characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Cong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Haijun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Lili Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Jinju Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Ke Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Hui Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Hongqiang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China.
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