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Lu Q, Meng Y, Chen Y, Li Y. Recovery of phosphorus from chemical-enhanced phosphorus removal sludge: Influence of sodium sulfide dosage on phosphorus fractionation, sludge dewaterability, and struvite product. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 363:142828. [PMID: 38992447 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Despite the potential of sodium sulfide (Na2S) for phosphorus (P) recovery from iron-phosphate waste, the underlying mechanism regarding its impact on P conversion and product quality has not been well addressed. In this study, the effects of Na2S addition on P release and recovery from a chemical-enhanced phosphorus removal (CEPR) sludge during anaerobic fermentation were systematically investigated. The results revealed that the effective mobilization of P bound to Fe (Fe-P) by Na2S dominated the massive P release from the CEPR sludge, while the organic P (OP) release was not significantly enhanced during anaerobic fermentation. Due to the rapid reaction of Na2S with Fe-P and the prevention of Fe(II)-P precipitation by excess S2-, the Fe-P was decreased by 9.7%, 15.2% and 24.9% at S:Fe molar ratios of 0.3, 0.5 and 1, respectively. After anaerobic fermentation, the released P mainly existed as soluble phosphate (SP), P bound to Ca (Ca-P) and P bound to Al (Al-P). The nitrogen and P contents in the fermentation supernatant significantly increased with higher S:Fe ratios, facilitating the efficient recovery of P as high-purity struvite. However, the increased Na2S dosage deteriorated the sludge dewaterability because of the dissolution of hydrophilic extracellular polymeric substances and the looser secondary structure of proteins. Comprehensively considering the P recovery, sludge dewaterability and economic cost, the optimal Na2S dosage was determined at the S:Fe ratio of 0.3. These findings provide novel insights into the role of Na2S in P recovery as struvite from CEPR sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinyuan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Yongbiao Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design Institute (Group) Co., Ltd., Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Yifeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Yongmei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Wang Y, Da J, Luo Y, He S, Tian Z, Xue Z, Li Z, Zhao X, Yin D, Peng H, Liu X, Liu X. Minimization of heavy metal adsorption in struvite through effective separation and manipulation of flow field. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 474:134820. [PMID: 38843631 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
The admixture of heavy metals on struvite during the P recovery process from wastewater will affect its value for safe agricultural application, but it is not clear how to effectively separate heavy metals from struvite. Herein, a two-stage separation reactor (static and dynamic) has been developed to achieve efficient separation of heavy metals and struvite. The generation of struvite from real swine wastewater would naturally precipitate to the lowest layer under static conditions, leading to an enrichment of heavy metals (75 % Cu and 84 % Zn) in suspension. Meanwhile, phosphorus recovery from real swine wastewater results in the generation of a large amount of fines flowing out of the reactor due to the effects of suspended solids (SS), etc., making it necessary to recover phosphorus by static separation. For the dynamic separation step, we also analyzed the characteristics of struvite formation at different rotational speeds in a continuous reaction system. The results demonstrated that the shear rate of the fluid affects the particle size of struvite, which in turn determines the rate and the distribution of struvite in either primary or secondary recovery tanks. The implementation of zonal regulation in the flow field can produce a higher phosphorus efficiency (from 85.8 to 95.5 % at pH=8.1-8.2, from 93.8 to 98.5 % at pH=9.0-9.1) and a lower alkali consumption (55.56 % of alkali cost), which is favorable for the separation of struvite crystals and heavy metals (the amount of Cu and Zn metals separated increased by more than 50 %), and ultimately yield high quality of struvite. The findings in this study will provide insights for the separation and reduction of heavy metals through a combined method with dynamic and static in a continuous system, providing a reference for the safe application of struvite in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazhou Wang
- College of Hydraulic & Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China; State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, PR China
| | - Jinrong Da
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, PR China
| | - Yuchen Luo
- College of Hydraulic & Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
| | - Sirui He
- College of Hydraulic & Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
| | - Zuocong Tian
- College of Hydraulic & Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
| | - Ziyi Xue
- College of Hydraulic & Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
| | - Zehao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, PR China
| | - Xianyu Zhao
- College of Hydraulic & Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China; State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, PR China
| | - Desheng Yin
- College of Hydraulic & Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
| | - Hui Peng
- College of Hydraulic & Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- College of Hydraulic & Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
| | - Xiaoning Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, PR China.
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Fang X, Zhang D, Chang Z, Li R, Meng S. Phosphorus removal from water by the metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)-based adsorbents: A review for structure, mechanism, and current progress. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 243:117816. [PMID: 38056614 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Efficacious phosphate removal is essential for mitigating eutrophication in aquatic ecosystems and complying with increasingly stringent phosphate emission regulations. Chemical adsorption, characterized by simplicity, prominent treatment efficiency, and convenient recovery, is extensively employed for profound phosphorus removal. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)-derived metal/carbon composites, surpassing the limitations of separate components, exhibit synergistic effects, rendering them tremendously promising for environmental remediation. This comprehensive review systematically summarizes MOFs-based materials' properties and their structure-property relationships tailored for phosphate adsorption, thereby enhancing specificity towards phosphate. Furthermore, it elucidates the primary mechanisms influencing phosphate adsorption by MOFs-based composites. Additionally, the review introduces strategies for designing and synthesizing efficacious phosphorus capture and regeneration materials. Lastly, it discusses and illuminates future research challenges and prospects in this field. This summary provides novel insights for future research on superlative MOFs-based adsorbents for phosphate removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Fang
- Department of Resources and Environmental Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Department of Resources and Environmental Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China; Key Laboratory of Black Soil Protection and Restoration, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China.
| | - Zhenfeng Chang
- Department of Resources and Environmental Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China
| | - Ruoyan Li
- Department of Resources and Environmental Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China
| | - Shuangshuang Meng
- Department of Resources and Environmental Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China
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4
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Zhang Z, Liu R, Lan Y, Zheng W, Chen L. Anaerobic co-fermentation of waste activated sludge with corn gluten meal enhanced phosphorus release and volatile fatty acids production: Critical role of corn gluten meal dosage on fermentation stages and microbial community traits. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 394:130275. [PMID: 38176597 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
The anaerobic co-fermentation of iron bound phosphorus (P) compounds (FePs)-bearing sludge with corn gluten meal (CGM) and the underlying mechanisms associated with P release and volatile fatty acids (VFAs) production were investigated. The optimal CGM dosage for P release was 0.6 g chemical oxygen demand (COD)/g total suspended solid (TSS), which resulted in an increase in efficiency from 7 % (control sample) to 39 %. However, the optimal CGM dosage for VFAs production was 0.4 g COD/g TSS, and the yield increased from 37.4 (control sample) to 331.7 mg COD/g volatile suspended solid. The addition of CGM enhanced hydrolysis and acidogenesis by supplying abundant organic substrates to promote the growth of hydrolytic and acidogenic bacteria. A higher VFAs/ammonium-nitrogen ratio resulted in a lower pH, which promoted greater FePs dissolution and P release from the sludge. This study provides novel insights into the effects of CGM on P release and VFAs production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Science and Technology, Department of Environment, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Zhejiang, Jiaxing 314006, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Science and Technology, Department of Environment, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Zhejiang, Jiaxing 314006, China.
| | - Yaqiong Lan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Science and Technology, Department of Environment, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Zhejiang, Jiaxing 314006, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Science and Technology, Department of Environment, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Zhejiang, Jiaxing 314006, China
| | - Lujun Chen
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Huang Y, Wang J, Sun Y, Zeng W, Xia A, Zhu X, Zhu X, Liao Q. Non-immersed zigzag microalgae biofilm overcoming high turbidity and ammonia of wastewater for muti-pollutants bio-purification. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 244:120499. [PMID: 37634456 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Biological treatment that utilizes microalgae technology has demonstrated outstanding efficacy in the wastewater purification and nutrients recovery. However, the high turbidity of the digested piggery wastewater (DPW) leads to serious light attenuation and the culture mode of suspended microalgae results in a huge landing area. Thus, to overcome light attenuation in DPW, a non-immersed titled zigzag microalgae biofilm was constructed by attaching it onto a porous cotton cloth. As a result, the light could directly irradiate microalgae biofilm that attached on both sides of the cotton cloth, and the microalgal biofilm area was up to 6 m2 per bioreactor landing area. When the non-immersed zigzag microalgae biofilm bioreactor (N-Z-MBP) was used to treat wastewater with an ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) concentration of 362 mg L-1, the NH4+-N was completely removed in just 5 days and the maximum growth rate of microalgae biofilm reached 7.02 g m-2 d-1. After 21 days of long-term sequencing batch operation for the N-Z-MBP, the biomass density of the biofilm reached 52 g m-2 and remained at this high value for the next 14 days. Most importantly, during the 35 days' running, the NH4+ -N maximum removal rate of single batch reached up to 65 mg L-1 d-1 and its concentration in the effluent was always below the discharge standard value (80 mg L-1 form GB18596-2001 of China) and total phosphorus was completely removed in each batch. Furthermore, the biomass concentration of microalgae cells in the effluent of the N-Z-MBP was almost zero, indicating that the non-submerged biofilm achieved in situ separation of microalgae from the wastewater. This work suggests that the N-Z-MBP can effectively purify DPW over a long period, providing a possible strategy to treat wastewater with high ammonia nitrogen and high turbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Jintai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yabo Sun
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Weida Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Ao Xia
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Xianqing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Xun Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Qiang Liao
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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6
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Bai W, Tang R, Wu G, Wang W, Yuan S, Xiao L, Zhan X, Hu ZH. Co-precipitation of heavy metals with struvite from digested swine wastewater: Role of suspended solids. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 455:131633. [PMID: 37196443 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Struvite production can recover ammonia and phosphorous from digested wastewater as fertilizer. During struvite generation, most of the heavy metals was co-precipitated with ammonia and phosphorous into struvite. Understanding the precipitation behavior of heavy metals with suspended solids (SS) might provide the possible strategy for the control of co-precipitation. In this study, the distribution of heavy metals in SS and their role on the co-precipitation during struvite recovery from digested swine wastewater were investigated. The results showed that the concentration of heavy metal (including Mn, Zn, Cu, Ni, Cr, Pb and As) ranged from 0.05 to 17.05 mg/L in the digested swine wastewater. The distribution analysis showed that SS with particles > 50 μm harbored most of individual heavy metal (41.3-55.6%), followed by particles 0.45-50 μm (20.9-43.3%), and SS-removed filtrate (5.2-32.9%). During struvite generation, 56.9-80.3% of individual heavy metal was co-precipitated into struvite. The contributions of SS with particles > 50 μm, 0.45-50 μm, and SS-removed filtrate on the individual heavy metal co-precipitation were 40.9-64.3%, 25.3-48.3% and 1.9-22.9%, respectively. These finding provides potential way for controlling the co-precipitation of heavy metals in struvite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Bai
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Rural Water Environment and Resource, School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Rui Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials in Electric Power, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Guangxue Wu
- Civil Engineering, College of Engineering and Informatics, University of Galway, Ireland
| | - Wei Wang
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Rural Water Environment and Resource, School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Shoujun Yuan
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Rural Water Environment and Resource, School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Liwen Xiao
- Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Xinmin Zhan
- Civil Engineering, College of Engineering and Informatics, University of Galway, Ireland
| | - Zhen-Hu Hu
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Rural Water Environment and Resource, School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
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7
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Devos P, Filali A, Grau P, Gillot S. Sidestream characteristics in water resource recovery facilities: A critical review. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 232:119620. [PMID: 36780748 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.119620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This review compiles information on sidestream characteristics that result from anaerobic digestion dewatering (conventional and preceded by a thermal hydrolysis process), biological and primary sludge thickening. The objective is to define a range of concentrations for the different characteristics found in literature and to confront them with the optimal operating conditions of sidestream processes for nutrient treatment or recovery. Each characteristic of sidestream (TSS, VSS, COD, N, P, Al3+, Ca2+, Cl-, Fe2+/3+, Mg2+, K+, Na+, SO42-, heavy metals, micro-pollutants and pathogens) is discussed according to the water resource recovery facility configuration, wastewater characteristics and implications for the recovery of nitrogen and phosphorus based on current published knowledge on the processes implemented at full-scale. The thorough analysis of sidestream characteristics shows that anaerobic digestion sidestreams have the highest ammonium content compared to biological and primary sludge sidestreams. Phosphate content in anaerobic digestion sidestreams depends on the type of applied phosphorus treatment but is also highly dependent on precipitation reactions within the digester. Thermal Hydrolysis Process (THP) mainly impacts COD, N and alkalinity content in anaerobic digestion sidestreams. Surprisingly, the concentration of phosphate is not higher compared to conventional anaerobic digestion, thus offering more attractive recovery possibilities upstream of the digester rather than in sidestreams. All sidestream processes investigated in the present study (struvite, partial nitrification/anammox, ammonia stripping, membranes, bioelectrochemical system, electrodialysis, ion exchange system and algae production) suffer from residual TSS in sidestreams. Above a certain threshold, residual COD and ions can also deteriorate the performance of the process or the purity of the final nutrient-based product. This article also provides a list of characteristics to measure to help in the choice of a specific process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahlem Filali
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UR PROSE, F-92761, Antony, France
| | - Paloma Grau
- Ceit and Tecnun, Manuel de Lardizabal 15, 20018, San Sebastian, Spain
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Zhao Z, Li Z, Wu L, Song Y, Roger Razanajatovo M, Sun Q, Jiao T, Peng Q, Zhang Q. Rational design of the Nanocomposite by in-situ sub-10 nm La(OH)3 formation for Selective phosphorus removal in waters. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2023.123306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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9
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Phosphorus removal from sewage by flocculated foamed lightweight aggregate: Performance optimisation, adsorption kinetics and mechanisms. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Shukla A, Prakash O, Biswas R, Vijay R, Pal S. Design and preliminary techno-economic assessment of a pilot scale pharmaceutical wastewater treatment system for ammonia removal and recovery of fertilizer. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 321:115898. [PMID: 35985267 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Recovery of nutrients from wastewater has a paramount importance for a sustainable and safe environment. In this study removal of ammonia and recovery of resources in the form of struvite from a complex pharmaceutical acidic wastewater having high concentration of ammoniacal nitrogen (NH4-N > 40 g/L) and other co-existing contaminants (magnesium, phosphorous, phenol etc.) was explored. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed for design of experiments and process optimization. RSM results revealed that removal of ammoniacal nitrogen, i.e., struvite precipitation was found to be maximum in alkaline pH (10.5-11.0) at a N:Mg molar ratio (1:0.030 to 1:0.035) and N:P molar ratio (1:0.025 to 1:0.030). X-Ray diffraction, thermo-gravimetric analysis and Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy confirmed the presence of struvite crystals in the obtained precipitate. Techno-economic assessment (TEA) based on mass energy balance principle and market equipment specifications revealed that a pilot-scale plant set up would have a break-even period of 1.06 years with a return on investment as 94.28%. This clearly elucidated the economic viability of the developed process for industrial applications for management of high ammonia laden pharmaceutical wastewater. While further specific technological improvements are needed for reduction of cost, this study will guide researchers and industries for careful selection of target markets to reduce the cost for successful implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amol Shukla
- Wastewater Technology Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, 440020, India.
| | - Om Prakash
- Wastewater Technology Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, 440020, India.
| | - Rima Biswas
- Wastewater Technology Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, 440020, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
| | - Ritesh Vijay
- Wastewater Technology Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, 440020, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
| | - Sukdeb Pal
- Wastewater Technology Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, 440020, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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11
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Tao Y, Yang B, Wang F, Yan Y, Hong X, Xu H, Xia M, Wang F. Green synthesis of MOF-808 with modulation of particle sizes and defects for efficient phosphate sequestration. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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12
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Liang J, Zhou Y. Iron-based advanced oxidation processes for enhancing sludge dewaterability: State of the art, challenges, and sludge reuse. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 218:118499. [PMID: 35537253 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The increasing amount of sewage sludge produced in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) poses a great challenge to both environment and economy globally. As a requisite process during sludge treatment, sludge dewatering can significantly minimize the sludge volume and lower the operational cost for downstream transportation and disposal. Iron-based advanced oxidation process (AOP), a robust and cost-effective technique with relatively low technical barriers for high-level sludge dewatering, has been widely explored in the past 20 years. The development was mainly driven by the demands of efficient and sustainable sludge conditioning technology and the flexible sludge management approaches. The application of iron-based AOPs in sludge dewatering process attracts more and more attention. In this work, we discussed the current application of iron-based AOPs technology in the sludge dewatering processes in a holistic manner, summarized the factors affecting the sludge dewaterability in the treatment processes, and analyzed the mechanisms of iron-based AOPs to improve dewatering processes. Furthermore, we elaborated potential advantages, limitations, and challenges associated with implementing iron-based AOPs in the full-scale plants and shared the opportunities for sludge reutilization. This review aims to contribute to the development of highly efficient iron-based AOPs for sludge dewatering and offer perspectives and directions towards the new-generation of WWTPs with the sustainable and eco-friendly benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Liang
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Agricultural Land Pollution Integrated Prevention and Control of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 637141, Singapore; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore.
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13
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Zhang Z, Ping Q, Guo W, Cai C, Li Y. A novel approach using protein-rich biomass as co-fermentation substrates to enhance phosphorus recovery from FePs-bearing sludge. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 218:118479. [PMID: 35477064 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A novel approach for the enhancement of phosphorus (P) recovery from Fe bound P compounds (FePs)-bearing sludge by co-fermentation with protein-rich biomass (PRB) is reported. Four PRBs (silkworm chrysalis meal, fish meal, corn gluten meal, and soya bean meal) were used for co-fermentation. The results revealed that PRBs with strong surface hydrophobicity and loose structure favored the hydrolysis and acidogenesis processes. Sulfide produced by PRB could react with FePs to form FeS and promote P release. Due to the neutralization of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) by a relatively high concentration of ammonia, the pH was maintained near neutral and thus prevented the dissolution of metal ions (e.g., Fe and Ca). This was beneficial to save the cost of subsequent P recovery and form high-purity struvite. Compared with the control, the soluble orthophosphate and VFAs increased by 88.3% and 531.3%, respectively, in the co-fermentation system with silkworm chrysalis meal. Cysteine was the important intermediate. The metagenomics analysis indicated that the gene abundances of phosphate acetyltransferase and acetate kinase, which were key enzymes in the acetate metabolism, increased by 117.7% and 52.2%, respectively. The gene abundances of serine O-acetyltransferase and cysteine synthase increased by 63.4% and 54.4%, respectively. Cysteine was primarily transformed to pyruvate and sulfide. This study provides an environment-friendly strategy to simultaneously recover P and VFAs resources from FePs-bearing sludge and PRB waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Qian Ping
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Wenjie Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Chen Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yongmei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Wu J, Li Y, Xu B, Li M, Wang J, Shao Y, Chen F, Sun M, Liu B. Effects of Physicochemical Parameters on Struvite Crystallization Based on Kinetics. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19127204. [PMID: 35742453 PMCID: PMC9222832 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The precipitation of struvite (MgNH4PO4·6H2O) is considered to be a promising method for the recovery of phosphate from wastewater. In this review, the kinetic models, which are commonly used to explain the process of struvite crystallization, are described. The mixed-suspension mixed-product removal (MSMPR) model is based on the population balance equation (the size-dependent growth model and the size-independent growth model). Thereafter, the first-order kinetic fitting model that aligned with concentration changes in the substrate is summarized. Finally, the several physical and chemical factors that affected the efficiency of struvite crystallization are determined. The supersaturation ratio, which is seen as the driving force of struvite crystallization, is the main factor that influences crystallization; however, it cannot be used in practical applications of engineering because it is indirectly associated with the following factors: pH, the molar ratio of Mg:N:P, and the interference of foreign impurities. In this study, we present conclusions that should be used to guide further research studies, and encourage the engineering practice of wastewater treatment with struvite precipitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhu Wu
- Resources and Environment Innovation Institute, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China; (J.W.); (Y.L.); (B.X.); (M.L.); (J.W.); (Y.S.); (F.C.)
| | - Yifan Li
- Resources and Environment Innovation Institute, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China; (J.W.); (Y.L.); (B.X.); (M.L.); (J.W.); (Y.S.); (F.C.)
| | - Baojian Xu
- Resources and Environment Innovation Institute, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China; (J.W.); (Y.L.); (B.X.); (M.L.); (J.W.); (Y.S.); (F.C.)
| | - Mei Li
- Resources and Environment Innovation Institute, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China; (J.W.); (Y.L.); (B.X.); (M.L.); (J.W.); (Y.S.); (F.C.)
| | - Jing Wang
- Resources and Environment Innovation Institute, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China; (J.W.); (Y.L.); (B.X.); (M.L.); (J.W.); (Y.S.); (F.C.)
| | - Yuanyuan Shao
- Resources and Environment Innovation Institute, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China; (J.W.); (Y.L.); (B.X.); (M.L.); (J.W.); (Y.S.); (F.C.)
| | - Feiyong Chen
- Resources and Environment Innovation Institute, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China; (J.W.); (Y.L.); (B.X.); (M.L.); (J.W.); (Y.S.); (F.C.)
| | - Meng Sun
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, The University of Kitakyushu, 1-1, Hibikino, Wakamatsu, Kitakyushu 802-8577, Japan;
| | - Bing Liu
- Resources and Environment Innovation Institute, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China; (J.W.); (Y.L.); (B.X.); (M.L.); (J.W.); (Y.S.); (F.C.)
- Correspondence:
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15
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Li M, Zhang H, Sun H, Mohammed A, Liu Y, Lu Q. Effect of phosphate and ammonium concentrations, total suspended solids and alkalinity on lignin-induced struvite precipitation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2901. [PMID: 35190636 PMCID: PMC8861142 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06930-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
To solve the problems of eutrophication and resource crisis, the recovery of phosphorus by struvite (NH4MgPO4·6H2O) precipitation has become a focus of recent research. The feasibility of using Kraft lignin powder as a seed to promote struvite precipitation has been demonstrated in the previous study. In this study, the effect of lignin in promoting struvite precipitation in synthetic wastewater with different characteristics was investigated. Lignin-induced struvite crystallization was tested under various initial concentrations of PO4–P and NH4–N, total suspended solids (TSS) and alkalinity. At pH 7.9, the enhancement of PO4–P recovery remains around 45% under different PO4–P and NH4–N concentrations. Moreover, lignin is more effective under relatively lower alkalinity and still workable to reduce co-precipitates potential under higher alkalinity. Also, the effect of TSS on PO4–P recovery is not significant. Overall, the effect of lignin in promoting phosphorus recovery is relatively stable and can be used in synthetic wastewater with different characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mozhu Li
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada.,Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Huixin Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Huijuan Sun
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Abdul Mohammed
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1H9, Canada.
| | - Qingye Lu
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada.
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Song Y, Song X, Sun Q, Wang S, Jiao T, Peng Q, Zhang Q. Efficient and sustainable phosphate removal from water by small-sized Al(OH) 3 nanocrystals confined in discarded Artemia Cyst-shell: Ultrahigh sorption capacity and rapid sequestration. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 803:150087. [PMID: 34500276 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We reported a new strategy for efficient phosphate removal from wastewaters, it relies on the discarded Artemia Cyst-shell in-situ growth of Al(OH)3 nanocluster, the charged amino-acids components of skeleton make available for the small size of Al(OH)3 formation (< 10 nm) with high activity, and the three-dimensional porous structure of discarded matrix provides fast kinetics and efficient Al(OH)3 nanoparticles utilization. These hybrid adsorbents exhibit ultrahigh capacity (850.5 mg/g) and fast kinetics (~2 min) by recent ten-years (2011-2020) survey, the superior selectivity against various foreign ions, with a distribution coefficient (Kd) as high as 4820 mL/g, the porous structure and fast kinetics also accelerate the phosphate accessibility, yielding a satisfactory capacity of ~3000 L/kg sorbent (Artemia CS-Al) for the application, even varying at high feeding-speeds. The saturated adsorbent can be readily regenerated and reused without decrease in performance, this technology is promising for mitigating the contamination problem of excess phosphate worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaran Song
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water And Resource Reuse, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Institutions of Earth Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xiaoxin Song
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water And Resource Reuse, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Qina Sun
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water And Resource Reuse, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Sufeng Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water And Resource Reuse, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Tifeng Jiao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water And Resource Reuse, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Qiuming Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, China
| | - Qingrui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water And Resource Reuse, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China.
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17
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Pandey B, Chen L. Technologies to recover nitrogen from livestock manure - A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 784:147098. [PMID: 33901956 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Today, the livestock industry is considered to be one of the biggest emitters of ammonia in the world. The nitrogen present in livestock manure has been linked to the contamination of water bodies. Livestock manures contain a significant quantity of recoverable nitrogen. Recovering nitrogen from livestock manure can minimize negative environmental consequences. This also presents an opportunity to generate some revenue by converting the captured nitrogen to marketable nitrogenous fertilizers. Substantial research efforts have been made toward recovering nitrogen from raw as well as digested livestock manures over the last decade. Many novel technologies as well as ones that have already been implemented to recover nitrogen from municipal wastewaters have been studied for their use in the livestock sector. This paper reviews the common manure nitrogen-recovery technologies reported in the literature, summarizes their efficiencies, discusses their pros and cons, and identifies the areas for future research. Owing to their higher ammonia recovery efficiencies, relatively fewer drawbacks, lower costs, and ability to produce ammonium fertilizers, air stripping by direct aeration, thermal vacuum stripping, and gas-permeable membrane stripping appear to be the most viable choices for livestock farmers. Further studies should focus on the economic feasibility, long-term performance on the manure of varying strengths, and the quality of recovered nitrogenous products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bishnu Pandey
- Department of Soil and Water Systems, Twin Falls Research and Extension Center, University of Idaho, 315 Falls Avenue, P.O. Box 1827, Twin Falls, ID 83303-1827, United States of America
| | - Lide Chen
- Department of Soil and Water Systems, Twin Falls Research and Extension Center, University of Idaho, 315 Falls Avenue, P.O. Box 1827, Twin Falls, ID 83303-1827, United States of America.
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18
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Yang N, Xiao H, Pi K, Fang J, Liu S, Chen Y, Shi Y, Zhang H, Gerson AR, Liu D. Synchronization of dehydration and phosphorous immobilization for river sediment by calcified polyferric sulfate pretreatment. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 269:129403. [PMID: 33385664 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Disposal of dredged river sediment requires decreases in both water content for reduction in disposal area, and the amount of eutrophication pollutants at risking of leaching. The effects of CaCl2, polyferric sulfate (PFS) and calcified polyferric sulfate (CaPFS) on dewatering and phosphorus immobilization were examined. Upon CaPFS dosage of 1.88 mg Ca + Fe kg-1 raw sediment (RS) the moisture content of the sediment was 41.1 wt% after pressure filtration, with filtrate dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) of 6.1 mg L-1; better outcomes than for equivalent dosages of CaCl2 or PFS. On CaPFS dosage of 4.98 mg Ca + Fe kg-1 RS, DIP in the filtrate was <0.5 mg L-1. Dosages of CaCl2 and PFS required to achieve <0.5 mg L-1 DIP were 6.79 mg Ca kg-1 RS and 5.64 mg Fe kg-1 RS. CaPFS aids particle surface charge neutralization and sweep flocculation by polymeric iron, improving dehydration efficiency. Synergistic effects of aqueous Ca and Fe promote P stability reducing DIP mobility. For treatment of 10000 m3 of this dredged sediment, CaPFS has the potential to reduce the discharge of eutrophicated water by 74 ± 6% compared with PAC + PAM conditioning, demonstrating the promising application of CaPFS conditioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Yang
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430068, China.
| | - Hang Xiao
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430068, China.
| | - Kewu Pi
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430068, China.
| | - Jing Fang
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430068, China.
| | - Shuze Liu
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430068, China.
| | - Yuhan Chen
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430068, China.
| | - Yafei Shi
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430068, China.
| | - Huiqin Zhang
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430068, China.
| | - Andrea R Gerson
- Blue Minerals Consultancy, Wattle Grove, Tasmania, 7109, Australia.
| | - Defu Liu
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430068, China.
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19
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Li H, Zhao TL, Qian FJ, Jiang HF, Yao QZ, Luo Y, Fu SQ, Zhou GT. A model of extracellular polymeric substances on crystal growth and morphogenesis of struvite: Effects of sodium alginate. POWDER TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2020.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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20
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Muys M, Phukan R, Brader G, Samad A, Moretti M, Haiden B, Pluchon S, Roest K, Vlaeminck SE, Spiller M. A systematic comparison of commercially produced struvite: Quantities, qualities and soil-maize phosphorus availability. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 756:143726. [PMID: 33307495 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Production of struvite (MgNH4PO4·6H2O) from waste streams is increasingly implemented to recover phosphorus (P), which is listed as a critical raw material in the European Union (EU). To facilitate EU-wide trade of P-containing secondary raw materials such as struvite, the EU issued a revised fertilizer regulation in 2019. A comprehensive overview of the supply of struvite and its quality is presently missing. This study aimed: i) to determine the current EU struvite production volumes, ii) to evaluate all legislated physicochemical characteristics and pathogen content of European struvite against newly set regulatory limits, and iii) to compare not-regulated struvite characteristics. It is estimated that in 2020, between 990 and 1250 ton P are recovered as struvite in the EU. Struvite from 24 European production plants, accounting for 30% of the 80 struvite installations worldwide was sampled. Three samples failed the physicochemical legal limits; one had a P content of <7% and three exceeded the organic carbon content of 3% dry weight (DW). Mineralogical analysis revealed that six samples had a struvite content of 80-90% DW, and 13 samples a content of >90% DW. All samples showed a heavy metal content below the legal limits. Microbiological analyses indicated that struvite may exceed certain legal limits. Differences in morphology and particle size distribution were observed for struvite sourced from digestate (rod shaped; transparent; 82 mass% < 1 mm), dewatering liquor (spherical; opaque; 65 mass% 1-2 mm) and effluent from upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor processing potato wastewater (spherical; opaque; 51 mass% < 1 mm and 34 mass% > 2 mm). A uniform soil-plant P-availability pattern of 3.5-6.5 mg P/L soil/d over a 28 days sampling period was observed. No differences for plant biomass yield were observed. In conclusion, the results highlight the suitability of most struvite to enter the EU fertilizer market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten Muys
- Research Group of Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Rishav Phukan
- Research Group of Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Günter Brader
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Bioresources Unit, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Abdul Samad
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Bioresources Unit, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Michele Moretti
- Research Group of Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Barbara Haiden
- Timac AGRO Düngemittelproduktions- und Handels Gmbh, Industriegelände Pischelsdorf, 3435 Zwentendorf, Austria
| | - Sylvain Pluchon
- Centre Mondial de l'Innovation Roullier - Laboratoire de Nutrition Végétale, 18 avenue Franklin Roosevelt, 35400 Saint-Malo, France
| | - Kees Roest
- KWR Water Research Institute, Groningenhaven 7, 3433 PE Nieuwegein, the Netherlands
| | - Siegfried E Vlaeminck
- Research Group of Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium.
| | - Marc Spiller
- Research Group of Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
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Muhmood A, Wang X, Dong R, Wu S. New insights into interactions of organic substances in poultry slurry with struvite formation: An overestimated concern? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 751:141789. [PMID: 32889474 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The high content of organic substances in strength agro-industrial wastewater has been documented to be among the major barriers hampering nutrient recovery efficiency of struvite precipitation. However, our results in this study show that the previously reported negative impacts of organic substances in high-strength agricultural wastewater on struvite precipitation might be overestimated. This study is the first to test the influence of three forms of organic substances from real high-strength wastewater that contains a complex of particulate, colloidal and soluble organic substances, on nutrient recovery efficiency and product quality through struvite precipitation at varying pH conditions. Our results demonstrated that the inhibition of organic substances on struvite formation only happens at the pH levels of <9.0 with recovery reduction of PO₄3- (5-15%) and NH₄+ (6-13%). The inhibitory effect of the organic substances at the optimal pH range (9.5-10) reported from the literature review is only ≤5%. Moreover, the transformation in the contents of humic- and protein-like substances with an increment in pH was characterized and may contribute to mitigate the inhibition of nutrient recovery. Even though the particulate and colloidal organic substances slowed the precipitation reaction, they substantially increased the particle size (i.e., 70% and 40%, respectively) of the formed struvite. The presence of organic substances in all tested forms does not significantly influence the purity and crystalline structure of struvite which can still be used as a slow-releasing fertilizer. Regarding the relocation process of organic substances during struvite precipitation under varying pH conditions, understanding the interaction between organics and heavy metals which in turn affect the dynamics of heavy metals in solution and precipitates remains limited; thus, additional research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atif Muhmood
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Xiqing Wang
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Renjie Dong
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Shubiao Wu
- Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies, Aarhus University, Høegh-Guldbergs Gade 6B, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
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Hou H, Li Z, Liu B, Liang S, Xiao K, Zhu Q, Hu S, Yang J, Hu J. Biogas and phosphorus recovery from waste activated sludge with protocatechuic acid enhanced Fenton pretreatment, anaerobic digestion and microbial electrolysis cell. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 704:135274. [PMID: 31822422 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Biogas and phosphorus recovery from waste activated sludge (WAS) with sequential homogeneous protocatechuic acid (PCA) enhanced Fenton pretreatment, anaerobic digestion (AD) and microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) were investigated. The cumulation of biogas production of WAS-Fenton-AD was 330.4 mL/g VS, which was 2.05-fold of the control without pretreatment (WAS-AD) during anaerobic digestion. Biogas production of 178 mL/L/d from WAS-Fenton-AD-MEC was achieved, which was 5.23-fold of the WAS-MEC, 2.28-fold of WAS-Fenton-MEC and 1.46-fold of WAS-AD-MEC, respectively. Enhanced phosphorus recovery in form of struvite reached 1.72 g/g TS (18.03% of total P) with a purity of 74.4%. Microbial community richness and diversity analysis revealed that the pretreatment process under circumneutral condition improved the diversity of microbial community, which was consisted of Bacteroidetes (33.90%), Proteobacteria (33.14%), and Chloroflexi (10.14%), compared to a majority of Firmicutes (70.81%) in WAS-AD. This study provides a feasible strategy for the recovery of biogas combined with phosphorus from WAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijie Hou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, PR China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycling, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Zhen Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, PR China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycling, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Bingchuan Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, PR China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycling, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Sha Liang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, PR China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycling, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Keke Xiao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, PR China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycling, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Qian Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, PR China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycling, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Shaogang Hu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, PR China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycling, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Jiakuan Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, PR China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycling, Wuhan 430074, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Jingping Hu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, PR China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycling, Wuhan 430074, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, PR China.
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Shi Y, Luo G, Rao Y, Chen H, Zhang S. Hydrothermal conversion of dewatered sewage sludge: Focusing on the transformation mechanism and recovery of phosphorus. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 228:619-628. [PMID: 31059960 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The recovery of phosphorus from sewage sludge was critical due to the depletion of phosphate ore. The present research aims to identify the phosphorus speciation and reveal the phosphorus transformation mechanism of dewatered sewage sludge during hydrothermal conversion (HTC) process, as well as to achieve the high efficiency recovery of phosphorus. Multiple analysis of SMT method, VK diagram, XANES and NMR showed that most phosphorus (>80%) was transferred to the hydrochar and presented as inorganic phosphorus (IP) after the HTC process. A dehydration trend was observed of the HTC process with the increase of sub-critical temperature. Ca-associated phosphorus increased significantly as the temperature increased. The Pyro-P gradually transformed to Ortho-P with the increase of HTC temperature and disappeared at 320 °C. The addition of HCl (6.13 and 12.3 mmol/g) in the HTC process resulted in a high percentage (>80%) of phosphorus transferred to the aqueous phase, and the bioavailability of the residual phosphorus increased significantly. The recovery rate of phosphorus could achieve 98.37% at the pH of 7.52, with the struvite purity of 90.41%. The results of this study provide new insights into the selective transfer of phosphorus in dewatered sludge by HTC process, in addition to some efficient ways for the utilisation of the HTC products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Shi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP(3)), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China
| | - Gang Luo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP(3)), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China.
| | - Yue Rao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP(3)), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China
| | - Huihui Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP(3)), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China
| | - Shicheng Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP(3)), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China.
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24
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Muhmood A, Lu J, Dong R, Wu S. Formation of struvite from agricultural wastewaters and its reuse on farmlands: Status and hindrances to closing the nutrient loop. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 230:1-13. [PMID: 30261440 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
To meet the needs of a fast growing global population, agriculture and livestock production have been intensified, resulting in environmental pollution, climate change, and soil health declining. Closing the nutrient circular loop is one of the most important sustainability factors that affect these issues. Apart from being a serious environmental issue, the discharge of N and P via agricultural wastewater is also a major factor that disturbs nutrient cycling in agriculture. In this study, the performance, in terms of recovery, of N and P (individually, as well as simultaneously) from agricultural wastewaters via struvite has been comparatively summarized. Details on the hindrances to nutrient recovery through struvite formation from agricultural effluents, along with strategies to overcome these hindrances, are provided. In addition, various strategies for recovery performance intensification and operational cost reduction are comprehensively discussed. This work will provide scientists and engineers with a better idea on how to solve the bottlenecks of this technique and integrate it successfully into their treatment systems, which will ultimately help close the nutrient loop in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atif Muhmood
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Jiaxin Lu
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Renjie Dong
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Shubiao Wu
- Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies, Aarhus University, Høegh-Guldbergs, Gade 6B, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark; Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000C, Denmark.
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25
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De Vrieze J, Colica G, Pintucci C, Sarli J, Pedizzi C, Willeghems G, Bral A, Varga S, Prat D, Peng L, Spiller M, Buysse J, Colsen J, Benito O, Carballa M, Vlaeminck SE. Resource recovery from pig manure via an integrated approach: A technical and economic assessment for full-scale applications. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 272:582-593. [PMID: 30352731 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Intensive livestock farming cannot be uncoupled from the massive production of manure, requiring adequate management to avoid environmental damage. The high carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus content of pig manure enables targeted resource recovery. Here, fifteen integrated scenarios for recovery of water, nutrients and energy are compared in terms of technical feasibility and economic viability. The recovery of refined nutrients with a higher market value and quality, i.e., (NH4)2SO4 for N and struvite for P, coincided with higher net costs, compared to basic composting. The inclusion of anaerobic digestion promoted nutrient recovery efficiency, and enabled energy recovery through electricity production. Co-digestion of the manure with carbon-rich waste streams increased electricity production, but did not result in lower process costs. Overall, key drivers for the selection of the optimal manure treatment scenario will include the market demand for more refined (vs. separated or concentrated) products, and the need for renewable electricity production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo De Vrieze
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Giovanni Colica
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Cristina Pintucci
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Jimena Sarli
- Ahidra, Agua y Energía S.L., Carretera de Polinyà a Sentmenat 159, 1°1ª, 08213 Polinyà, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Chiara Pedizzi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Rúa Lope Gómez de Marzoa s/n, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Gwen Willeghems
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Andreas Bral
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Sam Varga
- Colsen BV, Kreekzoom 5, 4561 GX Hulst, the Netherlands
| | - Delphine Prat
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Lai Peng
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium; Research Group of Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Faculty of Science, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Marc Spiller
- Research Group of Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Faculty of Science, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Buysse
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Joop Colsen
- Colsen BV, Kreekzoom 5, 4561 GX Hulst, the Netherlands
| | - Oscar Benito
- Ahidra, Agua y Energía S.L., Carretera de Polinyà a Sentmenat 159, 1°1ª, 08213 Polinyà, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Carballa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Rúa Lope Gómez de Marzoa s/n, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Siegfried E Vlaeminck
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium; Research Group of Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Faculty of Science, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium.
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26
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Ye ZL, Ghyselbrecht K, Monballiu A, Rottiers T, Sansen B, Pinoy L, Meesschaert B. Fractionating magnesium ion from seawater for struvite recovery using electrodialysis with monovalent selective membranes. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 210:867-876. [PMID: 30208546 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.07.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
As the consumption of global phosphorus reserves accelerates, recovering phosphorus as struvite (MgNH4PO4·6H2O) from wastewater is an important option for phosphorus recycling. However, magnesium source is one of the major limiting factors for struvite recovery. In this work, different from previous studies where seawater was used directly as magnesium source in struvite precipitation, an electrodialysis stack equipped with monovalent selective cation-exchange membranes was designed to fractionate Mg2+ from seawater for struvite recovery. Results revealed that Mg2+ fractionation was achieved effectively. The comparison on applying the driving force for ionic transport showed that constant voltage was more preferable than constant current due to its higher Mg2+ separation efficiency, current efficiency and lower energy consumption. Increasing voltage from 7 V to 13 V would improve Mg2+ permeation ratio from 72.9% to 80.5% into the product stream but simultaneously increased the energy consumption from 5.40 (kWh/kg MgCl2) to 11.69 (kWh/kg MgCl2). In addition, the investigation on the influence of Ca2+ co-existence and further struvite recovery experiments revealed that the variation of Ca2+ concentrations in seawater did not influence Mg2+ fractionation significantly, nevertheless it might reduce struvite recovery efficiency through forming calcium phosphate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Long Ye
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen City, Fujian 361021, China; Cluster for Bio-engineering, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Faculty of Engineering Technology, KU Leuven Campus Bruges, Spoorwegstraat 12, 8200 Brugge, Belgium.
| | - Karel Ghyselbrecht
- Cluster for Bio-engineering, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Faculty of Engineering Technology, KU Leuven Campus Bruges, Spoorwegstraat 12, 8200 Brugge, Belgium
| | - Annick Monballiu
- Cluster for Bio-engineering, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Faculty of Engineering Technology, KU Leuven Campus Bruges, Spoorwegstraat 12, 8200 Brugge, Belgium
| | - Thomas Rottiers
- Cluster for Sustainable Chemical Process Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Technology Campus Ghent, Gebroeders De Smetstraat 1, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Bert Sansen
- Cluster for Sustainable Chemical Process Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Technology Campus Ghent, Gebroeders De Smetstraat 1, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Luc Pinoy
- Cluster for Sustainable Chemical Process Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Technology Campus Ghent, Gebroeders De Smetstraat 1, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Boudewijn Meesschaert
- Cluster for Bio-engineering, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Faculty of Engineering Technology, KU Leuven Campus Bruges, Spoorwegstraat 12, 8200 Brugge, Belgium.
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27
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Li L, Xu G, Yu H, Xing J. Dynamic membrane for micro-particle removal in wastewater treatment: Performance and influencing factors. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 627:332-340. [PMID: 29426156 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic membranes (DMs) have been of great interest in recent years because they can reduce energy consumption and costs during wastewater treatment. Dynamic membranes are a promising technology for the removal of low-density, non-degradable micro-particles, such as plastics, which are an increasingly prevalent wastewater contaminant. These micro-particles are not easily removed via conventional sedimentation and result in increased operation and maintenance costs in downstream unit processes. In this study, DMs were formed on a 90 μm supporting mesh through filtration of a synthetic wastewater. The impact of influent flux (solid flux) and influent particle concentration on DM performance was investigated. The effluent turbidity was reduced to <1 NTU after 20 mins of filtration, verifying the effective removal of micro-particles by the DM. Transmembrane pressure (TMP) and total filtration resistance increased linearly with filtration time, and were highly correlated (R2 > 0.998). TMP ranged from 80 to 180 mm of water head, and total filtration resistance ranged from 2.89 × 10-9 m-1 to 6.52 × 10-9 m-1 during DM filtration. In general, an increase in influent flux and influent particle concentration corresponds with increasing TMP and filtration resistance, as well as a rapid reduction in effluent turbidity due to swift formation of a DM on the supporting mesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucheng Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Sustainable Sludge Management & Resourcelization Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Guoren Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Sustainable Sludge Management & Resourcelization Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Huarong Yu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Sustainable Sludge Management & Resourcelization Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Jia Xing
- National Engineering Laboratory for Sustainable Sludge Management & Resourcelization Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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28
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Simultaneous concentration of nutrients from anaerobically digested sludge centrate and pre-treatment of industrial effluents by forward osmosis. Sep Purif Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2017.10.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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29
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Wu S, Zou S, Liang G, Qian G, He Z. Enhancing recovery of magnesium as struvite from landfill leachate by pretreatment of calcium with simultaneous reduction of liquid volume via forward osmosis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 610-611:137-146. [PMID: 28803191 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Landfill leachate contains substances that can be potentially recovered as valuable resources. In this study, magnesium in a landfill leachate was recovered as struvite with calcium pretreatment; meanwhile, the leachate volume was reduced by using a submerged forward osmosis (FO) process, thereby enabling significant reduction of further treatment footprint and cost. Without pretreatment, calcium exhibited strong competition for phosphate with magnesium. The pretreatment with a Ca2+: CO32- molar ratio of 1:1.4 achieved a relatively low loss rate of Mg2+ (24.1±2.0%) and high Ca2+ removal efficiency (89.5±1.7%). During struvite recovery, 98.6±0.1% of magnesium could be recovered with a significantly lower residual PO43--P concentration (<25mgL-1) under the condition of (Mg+Caresidual): P molar ratio of 1:1.5 and pH9.5. The obtained struvite had a similar crystal structure and composition (19.3% Mg and 29.8% P) to that of standard struvite. The FO process successfully recovered water from the leachate and reduced its volume by 37%. The configuration of calcium pretreatment - FO - struvite recovery was found to be the optimal arrangement in terms of FO performance. These results have demonstrated the feasibility of magnesium recovery from landfill leachate and the importance of the calcium pretreatment, and will encourage further efforts to assess the value and purity of struvite for commercial use and to develop new methods for resource recovery from leachate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simiao Wu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, No. 99, Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, PR China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Shiqiang Zou
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Guannan Liang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, No. 99, Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Guangren Qian
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, No. 99, Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Zhen He
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
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30
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Crutchik D, Morales N, Vázquez-Padín JR, Garrido JM. Enhancement of struvite pellets crystallization in a full-scale plant using an industrial grade magnesium product. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2017; 75:609-618. [PMID: 28192355 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2016.527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A full-scale struvite crystallization system was operated for the treatment of the centrate obtained from the sludge anaerobic digester in a municipal wastewater treatment plant. Additionally, the feasibility of an industrial grade Mg(OH)2 as a cheap magnesium and alkali source was also investigated. The struvite crystallization plant was operated for two different periods: period I, in which an influent with low phosphate concentration (34.0 mg P·L-1) was fed to the crystallization plant; and period II, in which an influent with higher phosphate concentration (68.0 mg P·L-1) was used. A high efficiency of phosphorus recovery by struvite crystallization was obtained, even when the effluent treated had a high level of alkalinity. Phosphorus recovery percentage was around 77%, with a phosphate concentration in the effluent between 10.0 and 30.0 mg P·L-1. The experiments gained struvite pellets of 0.5-5.0 mm size. Moreover, the consumption of Mg(OH)2 was estimated at 1.5 mol Mg added·mol P recovered-1. Thus, industrial grade Mg(OH)2 can be an economical alternative as magnesium and alkali sources for struvite crystallization at industrial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Crutchik
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Technology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain E-mail: ; Faculty of Engineering and Sciences, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Diagonal Las Torres 2640, Santiago, Chile
| | - N Morales
- FCC Aqualia, Guillarei WWTP, Camino de la Veiga s/n, Tui E-36720, Spain
| | - J R Vázquez-Padín
- FCC Aqualia, Guillarei WWTP, Camino de la Veiga s/n, Tui E-36720, Spain
| | - J M Garrido
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Technology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain E-mail:
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Priambodo R, Shih YJ, Huang YH. Phosphorus recovery as ferrous phosphate (vivianite) from wastewater produced in manufacture of thin film transistor-liquid crystal displays (TFT-LCD) by a fluidized bed crystallizer (FBC). RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra06308c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this investigation, fluidized bed crystallization (FBC) is utilized to treat phosphorus wastewater that is produced by the manufacture of thin film transistor-liquid crystal displays (TFT-LCD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricky Priambodo
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Cheng Kung University
- Tainan 701
- Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jen Shih
- Institute of Environmental Engineering
- National Sun Yat-sen University
- Kaohsiung 804
- Taiwan
| | - Yao-Hui Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Cheng Kung University
- Tainan 701
- Taiwan
- Sustainable Environment Research Center
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