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Drenkova-Tuhtan A, Inskeep CS, Luthardt L, Deuso SL, Ballweg T, Hanselmann D, Béalu Z, Meyer C, Schug B, Steinmetz H, Mandel K. Reusable and inductively regenerable magnetic activated carbon for removal of organic micropollutants from secondary wastewater effluents. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 255:121525. [PMID: 38569358 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
This work introduces a new sustainable alternative of powdered activated carbon (PAC) - magnetically harvestable and reusable after regeneration via inductive heating - for the adsorptive removal of organic micropollutants (OMP) from secondary wastewater effluents. For this purpose, two commercial PACs - lignite "L" (1187 m2/g) and coconut "C"-based (1524 m2/g) - were modified with magnetic iron oxide following two different synthesis approaches: infiltration ("infiltr") and surface deposition ("depos") route. The resulting magnetic powdered activated carbons (mPAC) and their precursor PACs were fully characterized before application. The iron oxide content of the modified "L" and "C" samples was ∼30 % and ∼20 %, respectively. Iron oxide gives the PAC beneficial magnetic properties for easy magnetic separation and simultaneously acts as an inductively heatable agent for the carbon regeneration. The infiltrated samples displayed better inductive heating performance and regeneration than their deposited counterparts. Tests with real wastewater showed fast adsorption kinetics of the organic load following the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Adsorption isotherms were compliant with the Freundlich isotherm model. Sample "L-infiltr" had the best overall adsorption performance throughout 5 reuse cycles when intermediately inductively regenerated (<3 % drop in organics removal per cycle with intermediate regeneration vs. ∼10 % drop per cycle without regeneration). The treated supernatant was additionally tested for 31 representative organic micropollutants and their transformation products (pharmaceuticals, personal care products, industrial chemicals, etc.), where 26 OMPs had consistently high removal (>85 %) throughout 5 cycles with intermediate regeneration and for 28 OMPs the total adsorption efficiency dropped by <5 % after 5 cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asya Drenkova-Tuhtan
- University of Stuttgart, Institute for Sanitary Engineering, Water Quality and Solid Waste Management (ISWA), Bandtaele 2, Stuttgart 70569, Germany; National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Akadeemia tee 23, Tallinn 12618, Estonia.
| | - Caleb Stewart Inskeep
- University of Stuttgart, Institute for Sanitary Engineering, Water Quality and Solid Waste Management (ISWA), Bandtaele 2, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
| | - Leoni Luthardt
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Sara Li Deuso
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Thomas Ballweg
- Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Neunerplatz 2, Würzburg 97082, Germany
| | - Doris Hanselmann
- Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Neunerplatz 2, Würzburg 97082, Germany
| | - Zoé Béalu
- University of Kaiserslautern-Landau (RPTU), Department of Civil Engineering - Resource Efficient Wastewater Technologies, Paul-Ehrlich 14, Kaiserslautern 67663, Germany
| | - Carsten Meyer
- University of Stuttgart, Institute for Sanitary Engineering, Water Quality and Solid Waste Management (ISWA), Bandtaele 2, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
| | - Benedikt Schug
- Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Neunerplatz 2, Würzburg 97082, Germany
| | - Heidrun Steinmetz
- University of Kaiserslautern-Landau (RPTU), Department of Civil Engineering - Resource Efficient Wastewater Technologies, Paul-Ehrlich 14, Kaiserslautern 67663, Germany.
| | - Karl Mandel
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, Erlangen 91058, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Neunerplatz 2, Würzburg 97082, Germany.
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2
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Pereira D, Gil MV, Esteves VI, Silva NJO, Otero M, Calisto V. Ex-situ magnetic activated carbon for the adsorption of three pharmaceuticals with distinct physicochemical properties from real wastewater. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 443:130258. [PMID: 36351346 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals are able to evade conventional wastewater treatments and therefore, are recurrently found in the environment with proven potential to cause harm to human and wildlife. Adsorption onto activated carbon (AC) is a promising complement. However, AC production from non-renewable resources and its difficult after-use recuperation are prohibitive. Hence, a waste-based magnetic activated carbon (MAC) was produced from paper mill sludge, via an ex-situ synthesis, for the adsorptive removal of carbamazepine (CBZ), sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and ibuprofen (IBU) from ultrapure water and wastewater. The MAC was obtained through the promotion of electrostatic interactions between magnetic and activated carbon particles in a water suspension at controlled pH between the points of zero charge of both surfaces. The optimized condition (MACX3) presented remarkable properties regarding specific surface area (SBET=795 m2 g-1) and saturation magnetization (MS=19 emu g-1). Kinetic and equilibrium adsorption studies were performed under batch conditions. Adsorption equilibrium was reached in up to 30 min for all pharmaceuticals in both matrices, proving the low dependence on the adsorbate and the broad applicability of MACX3 in pharmaceutical adsorption. Regarding equilibrium experiments, high Langmuir maximum adsorption capacities (qm) were achieved in ultrapure water (up to 711 ± 40 µmol g-1). Equilibrium studies in wastewater revealed a decay in qm when compared to ultrapure water: 28% for CBZ (468 ± 20 µmol g-1 (111 ± 5 mg g-1)), 78% for SMX (145 ± 10 µmol g-1 (37 ± 3 mg g-1)) and 62% for IBU (273 ± 8 µmol g-1 (56 ± 2 mg g-1)), attributed to the wastewater pH, which dictates the speciation of the pharmaceuticals and controls electrostatic interactions between pharmaceuticals and MAC, and to competition effects by organic matter. It was demonstrated the promising applicability of a waste-based ex-situ MAC, rapidly retrievable from water, as an alternative tertiary wastewater treatment for pharmaceuticals removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Pereira
- Department of Chemistry & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - María V Gil
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología del Carbono, INCAR-CSIC, Calle Francisco Pintado Fe 26, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Valdemar I Esteves
- Department of Chemistry & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Nuno J O Silva
- Department of Physics & CICECO, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Marta Otero
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Physics, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Vânia Calisto
- Department of Chemistry & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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Technologies for removing pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) from aqueous solutions: Recent advances, performances, challenges and recommendations for improvements. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.121144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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4
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Singh S, Lundborg CS, Diwan V. Factors influencing the adsorption of antibiotics onto activated carbon in aqueous media. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2022; 86:2260-2269. [PMID: 36378179 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2022.334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Widespread use of antibiotics for treating human and animal ailments has increased their discharge in the environment through excreta. Moreover, unscientific disposal of unused antibiotics has further increased their presence in the environmental matrices. Thus, occurrence of used and/or discarded antibiotics in water resources is becoming a growing concern across the globe. Antibiotics and their residues in the aquatic environment are emerging contaminants which pose a serious threat to the aquatic biota as well as human beings by enhancing antibiotic resistance. Various methods are being adopted for the removal of these contaminants. Adsorption over activated carbon is one such promising method which is environmentally friendly, cost-effective, and efficient. However, there are various factors which affect the overall process efficiency, such as, properties of activated carbon/antibiotics/reaction medium etc. In this article, emphasis has been laid down on evaluating these factors, so that the experimental procedures may be optimized to obtain the highest possible removal efficiency for antibiotics in the aqueous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surya Singh
- Division of Environmental Monitoring and Exposure Assessment (Water & Soil), ICMR - National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal 462 030, India E-mail:
| | | | - Vishal Diwan
- Division of Environmental Monitoring and Exposure Assessment (Water & Soil), ICMR - National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal 462 030, India E-mail: ; Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden
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5
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Zhou A, Yang K, Wu X, Liu G, Zhang TC, Wang Q, Luo F. Functionally-Designed Chitosan-based hydrogel beads for adsorption of sulfamethoxazole with light regeneration. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.120973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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6
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Preparation of Magnetic Activated Carbon by Activation and Modification of Char Derived from Co-Pyrolysis of Lignite and Biomass and Its Adsorption of Heavy-Metal-Containing Wastewater. MINERALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/min12060665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Adsorption with activated carbon (AC) is an important method for the treatment of heavy metal wastewater, but there are still certain challenges in the separation and reuse of activated carbon. The preparation of magnetic activated carbon (MAC) by modifying AC is one of the effective means to realize the separation of AC from solution after the adsorption process. In this work, lignite and poplar leaves were used as raw materials for co-pyrolysis, and the co-pyrolysis char was activated and modified to prepare MAC. The structure and properties were characterized by VSM, N2 adsorption, SEM, XRD, and FT-IR. At the same time, the adsorption performance of MAC on wastewater containing Pb and Cd ions was studied. The results show that the prepared MAC contains Fe3O4, and the saturation magnetization (Ms) of the MAC is 13.83 emu/g; the specific surface area of the MAC is 805.86 m2/g, and the micropore volume is 0.23 cm3/g; the MAC exhibited a good porous structure. When the pH value of the solution was 5, the adsorption time was 120 min, the dosage of MAC was 4 g/L, the initial concentration of Pb ion solution was 50 mg/L, and that of Cd ion solution was 25 mg/L, and the adsorption temperature was 30 °C, the adsorption efficiency of Pb, Cd ions were 84.40 and 78.80%, respectively, and the adsorption capacities were 10.55 and 4.93 mg/g, respectively. The adsorption of Pb and Cd ions by MAC conforms to the Langmuir adsorption model, which is a monolayer adsorption. The adsorption process is mainly chemical adsorption, which can be better described by the pseudo-second-order model. The adsorption thermodynamic analysis showed that the adsorption of Pb and Cd ions by MAC was a spontaneous reaction, and the higher the temperature, the stronger the spontaneity.
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7
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Chen Y, Qian Y, Ma J, Mao M, Qian L, An D. New insights into the cooperative adsorption behavior of Cr(VI) and humic acid in water by powdered activated carbon. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 817:153081. [PMID: 35038541 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Chromium and humic acid often co-exist in wastewater and source waters, and the removal of chromium through sorption by activated carbon may be greatly influenced by humic acid. In this study, we systematically evaluated concurrent adsorption of humic acid (HA) and hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) in water by powdered activated carbon (PAC) and further, the effect on conversion to trivalent chromium (Cr(III)). Adsorption of both HA and Cr(VI) was significantly enhanced in the dual adsorbate system as compared to treatments with HA or Cr(VI) alone. The removal of HA increased by 16.0% in the presence of 80 mg/L Cr(VI), while the removal of Cr(VI) similarly increased with increasing levels of HA. However, the promotion effect of HA was found to decrease with increasing pH. With HA at 20 mg/L, removal of Cr(VI) increased from 40.09% to 70.12% at pH 3, which was about twice the increase at pH 10. The cooperative adsorption mechanism was explored using scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Comprehensive analysis of spectra suggested that the mutual promotion between HA and Cr(VI) adsorption was attributable to the formation of Cr(VI)-HA and Cr(III)-HA complexes that were readily adsorbed on the PAC surfaces. The higher HA concentrations increased the reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III), which was likely due to the electron transfer provided by the functional groups such as -CO, -OH and -COOH in both PAC and HA. At pH 3, 99.1% of Cr adsorbed on the PAC surface was in the form of Cr(III). These findings imply that the interactions between Cr(VI) and HA in the process of water treatment by PAC provides additional and synergistic benefits, leading to a greater removal of chromium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Chen
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Yunkun Qian
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Jiaxin Ma
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Mengjun Mao
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Linping Qian
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Dong An
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
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Nazarzadeh Zare E, Mudhoo A, Ali Khan M, Otero M, Bundhoo ZMA, Patel M, Srivastava A, Navarathna C, Mlsna T, Mohan D, Pittman CU, Makvandi P, Sillanpää M. Smart Adsorbents for Aquatic Environmental Remediation. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2007840. [PMID: 33899324 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202007840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
A noticeable interest and steady rise in research studies reporting the design and assessment of smart adsorbents for sequestering aqueous metal ions and xenobiotics has occurred in the last decade. This motivates compiling and reviewing the characteristics, potentials, and performances of this new adsorbent generation's metal ion and xenobiotics sequestration. Herein, stimuli-responsive adsorbents that respond to its media (as internal triggers; e.g., pH and temperature) or external triggers (e.g., magnetic field and light) are highlighted. Readers are then introduced to selective adsorbents that selectively capture materials of interest. This is followed by a discussion of self-healing and self-cleaning adsorbents. Finally, the review ends with research gaps in material designs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ackmez Mudhoo
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Mauritius, Réduit, Moka, 80837, Mauritius
| | - Moonis Ali Khan
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marta Otero
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
| | | | - Manvendra Patel
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Anju Srivastava
- Chemistry Department, Hindu College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Chanaka Navarathna
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA
| | - Todd Mlsna
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA
| | - Dinesh Mohan
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Charles U Pittman
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Centre for Materials Interface, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, Pontedera, Pisa, 56025, Italy
| | - Mika Sillanpää
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Mining, Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering, University of Johannesburg, P. O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa
- School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2050, South Africa
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), NO. 2006, Xiyuan Ave., West High-Tech Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, P.R. China
- Faculty of Science and Technology, School of Applied Physics, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, 43600, Malaysia
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9
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Mudhoo A, Sillanpää M. Magnetic nanoadsorbents for micropollutant removal in real water treatment: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS 2021; 19:4393-4413. [PMID: 34341658 PMCID: PMC8320315 DOI: 10.1007/s10311-021-01289-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Pure water will become a golden resource in the context of the rising pollution, climate change and the recycling economy, calling for advanced purification methods such as the use of nanostructured adsorbents. However, coming up with an ideal nanoadsorbent for micropollutant removal is a real challenge because nanoadsorbents, which demonstrate very good performances at laboratory scale, do not necessarily have suitable properties in in full-scale water purification and wastewater treatment systems. Here, magnetic nanoadsorbents appear promising because they can be easily separated from the slurry phase into a denser sludge phase by applying a magnetic field. Yet, there are only few examples of large-scale use of magnetic adsorbents for water purification and wastewater treatment. Here, we review magnetic nanoadsorbents for the removal of micropollutants, and we explain the integration of magnetic separation in the existing treatment plants. We found that the use of magnetic nanoadsorbents is an effective option in water treatment, but lacks maturity in full-scale water treatment facilities. The concentrations of magnetic nanoadsorbents in final effluents can be controlled by using magnetic separation, thus minimizing the ecotoxicicological impact. Academia and the water industry should better collaborate to integrate magnetic separation in full-scale water purification and wastewater treatment plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ackmez Mudhoo
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Mauritius, Réduit, 80837 Mauritius
| | - Mika Sillanpää
- Environmental Engineering and Management Research Group, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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10
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Quintero-Jaramillo JA, Carrero-Mantilla JI, Sanabria-González NR. A Review of Caffeine Adsorption Studies onto Various Types of Adsorbents. ScientificWorldJournal 2021; 2021:9998924. [PMID: 34335116 PMCID: PMC8315881 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9998924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A systematic literature review of publications from 2000 to 2020 was carried out to identify research trends on adsorbent materials for the removal of caffeine from aqueous solutions. Publications were retrieved from three databases (Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar). Words "adsorption AND caffeine" were examined into titles, abstracts, and keywords. A brief bibliometric analysis was performed with emphasis on the type of publication and of most cited articles. Materials for the removal of caffeine were classified according to the type of material into three main groups: organic, inorganic, and composites, each of them subdivided into different subgroups consistent with their origin or production. Tables resume for each subgroup of adsorbents the key information: specific surface area, dose, pH, maximum adsorption capacity, and isotherm models for the removal of caffeine. The highest adsorption capacities were achieved by organic adsorbents, specifically those with granular activated carbon (1961.3 mg/g) and grape stalk activated carbon (916.7 mg/g). Phenyl-phosphate-based porous organic polymer (301 mg/g), natural sandy loam sediment (221.2 mg/g), composites of MCM-48 encapsulated graphene oxide (153.8 mg/g), and organically modified clay (143.7 mg/g) showed adsorption capacities lower than those of activated carbons. In some activated carbons, a relation between the specific surface area (SSA) and the maximum adsorption capacity (Q max) was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Andrés Quintero-Jaramillo
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Manizales, Campus La Nubia, km 7 vía al Aeropuerto, AA 127, Manizales, Colombia
| | - Javier Ignacio Carrero-Mantilla
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Manizales, Campus La Nubia, km 7 vía al Aeropuerto, AA 127, Manizales, Colombia
| | - Nancy Rocío Sanabria-González
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Manizales, Campus La Nubia, km 7 vía al Aeropuerto, AA 127, Manizales, Colombia
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Pereira D, Rocha LS, Gil MV, Otero M, Silva NJO, Esteves VI, Calisto V. In situ functionalization of a cellulosic-based activated carbon with magnetic iron oxides for the removal of carbamazepine from wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:18314-18327. [PMID: 32474779 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09314-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The main goal of this work was to produce an easily recoverable waste-based magnetic activated carbon (MAC) for an efficient removal of the antiepileptic pharmaceutical carbamazepine (CBZ) from wastewater. For this purpose, the synthesis procedure was optimized and a material (MAC4) providing immediate recuperation from solution, remarkable adsorptive performance and relevant properties (specific surface area of 551 m2 g-1 and saturation magnetization of 39.84 emu g-1) was selected for further CBZ kinetic and equilibrium adsorption studies. MAC4 presented fast CBZ adsorption rates and short equilibrium times (< 30-45 min) in both ultrapure water and wastewater. Equilibrium studies showed that MAC4 attained maximum adsorption capacities (qm) of 68 ± 4 mg g-1 in ultrapure water and 60 ± 3 mg g-1 in wastewater, suggesting no significant interference of the aqueous matrix in the adsorption process. Overall, this work provides evidence of potential application of a waste-based MAC in the tertiary treatment of wastewaters. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Pereira
- Department of Chemistry & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Luciana S Rocha
- Department of Chemistry & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - María V Gil
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología del Carbono, INCAR-CSIC, Francisco Pintado Fe 26, 33011, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Marta Otero
- Department of Environment and Planning & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Nuno J O Silva
- Department of Physics & CICECO, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Valdemar I Esteves
- Department of Chemistry & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Vânia Calisto
- Department of Chemistry & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
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12
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Producing Magnetic Nanocomposites from Paper Sludge for the Adsorptive Removal of Pharmaceuticals from Water-A Fractional Factorial Design. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11020287. [PMID: 33499098 PMCID: PMC7911794 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In view of a simple after-use separation, the potentiality of producing magnetic activated carbon (MAC) by intercalation of ferromagnetic metal oxide nanoparticles in the framework of a powder activated carbon (PAC) produced from primary paper sludge was explored in this work. The synthesis conditions to produce cost effective and efficient MACs for the adsorptive removal of pharmaceuticals (amoxicillin, carbamazepine, and diclofenac) from aqueous media were evaluated. For this purpose, a fractional factorial design (FFD) was applied to assess the effect of the most significant variables (Fe3+ to Fe2+ salts ratio, PAC to iron salts ratio, temperature, and pH), on the following responses concerning the resulting MACs: Specific surface area (SBET), saturation magnetization (Ms), and adsorption percentage of amoxicillin, carbamazepine, and diclofenac. The statistical analysis revealed that the PAC to iron salts mass ratio was the main factor affecting the considered responses. A quadratic linear regression model A = f(SBET, Ms) was adjusted to the FFD data, allowing to differentiate four of the eighteen MACs produced. These MACs were distinguished by being easily recovered from aqueous phase using a permanent magnet (Ms of 22-27 emu g-1), and their high SBET (741-795 m2 g-1) were responsible for individual adsorption percentages ranging between 61% and 84% using small MAC doses (35 mg L-1).
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13
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Mohseni M, Postacchini P, Demeestere K, Du Laing G, Yüce S, Wessling M. Freestanding PAC/CNT microtubes remove sulfamethoxazole from water through a temperature-assisted cyclic process. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 392:122133. [PMID: 32097849 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Mohseni
- RWTH Aachen University, Aachener Verfahrenstechnik - Chemical Process Engineering, Forckenbeckstr. 51, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Ghent University, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pietro Postacchini
- RWTH Aachen University, Aachener Verfahrenstechnik - Chemical Process Engineering, Forckenbeckstr. 51, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Kristof Demeestere
- Ghent University, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Gijs Du Laing
- Ghent University, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Süleyman Yüce
- RWTH Aachen University, Aachener Verfahrenstechnik - Chemical Process Engineering, Forckenbeckstr. 51, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Matthias Wessling
- RWTH Aachen University, Aachener Verfahrenstechnik - Chemical Process Engineering, Forckenbeckstr. 51, 52074 Aachen, Germany; DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
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14
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Rocha LS, Pereira D, Sousa É, Otero M, Esteves VI, Calisto V. Recent advances on the development and application of magnetic activated carbon and char for the removal of pharmaceutical compounds from waters: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 718:137272. [PMID: 32109811 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The adsorption of pharmaceutical substances using carbonaceous materials, such as activated carbon (AC), biochar (BC) and hydrochar (HC), has received substantial attention by researchers working on water treatment, due to the simplicity, low-cost and high performance of this process. In order to widen the potentiality of these carbonaceous materials and to overcome some of their limitations, particularly the inefficient separation of powdered formulations from treated water, the incorporation of magnetic nanoparticles has been explored. The recovery of magnetic carbon materials (MCM) from the treated water can be attained by applying an external magnetic field, avoiding inefficient and costly filtration and centrifugation processes, typically applied in the case of non-magnetic carbonaceous adsorbents. In the last ten years, some work has been devoted to the preparation of MCM specifically from AC (MCACM), biochar (MCBCM) and hydrochar (MCHCM). This review aims to present the different aspects of using MCM in water treatment, namely in the removal of pharmaceutical compounds. The synthesis routes used to produce MCM, their physical, morphologic and chemical features, and their application in the removal of these micro-organic contaminants from water will be assessed. The advantages and disadvantages of using MCM in water treatment, and their comparative performance with the carbonaceous non-magnetic precursors will be also discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana S Rocha
- Department of Chemistry and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Diogo Pereira
- Department of Chemistry and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Érika Sousa
- Department of Chemistry and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Marta Otero
- Department of Environment and Planning and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Valdemar I Esteves
- Department of Chemistry and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Vânia Calisto
- Department of Chemistry and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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15
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Feng Z, Chen H, Li H, Yuan R, Wang F, Chen Z, Zhou B. Preparation, characterization, and application of magnetic activated carbon for treatment of biologically treated papermaking wastewater. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 713:136423. [PMID: 31955078 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In view of the urgent need for tertiary treatment of papermaking wastewater and the difficulty in separating powdered activated carbon (PAC) from water, the magnetic activated carbon (33%-MPAC, 50%-MPAC and 67%-MPAC) were prepared by chemical coprecipitation method for adsorption of biologically treated papermaking wastewater (BTPW). A series of characterization of MPAC and PAC were carried out and show that the content of iron oxides is negatively related to the proportion of micropores in MPAC. The loaded iron oxides is mainly the mixture of magnetite and maghemite, and the maximum saturation magnetization of MPAC can reach 29.68 emu/g. Batch mode experiments were performed, and found that the adsorption effect of MPAC is slightly worse than that of PAC, the adsorption capacity of COD in MPAC can reach about 65 mg/g, and pH = 2 and 10 °C are more favorable for adsorption. The adsorption isotherms and kinetics were well fitted by the Freundlich model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model, respectively. The selective adsorption was studied by using the excitation emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectrum and high-performance size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC). It is concluded that all adsorbents are preferred to adsorb humic acid-like substances (HA). And all adsorbents are preferred to adsorb low apparent molecular weight substances (LAMW, AMW < 1500 Da), with the increase of iron oxides content, the phenomenon of MPAC preferentially adsorbed LAMW became less obvious.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuqing Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Huilun Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Haiqing Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Rongfang Yuan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhongbing Chen
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Beihai Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
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16
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Wan J, Ding J, Tan W, Gao Y, Sun S, He C. Magnetic-activated carbon composites derived from iron sludge and biological sludge for sulfonamide antibiotic removal. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:13436-13446. [PMID: 32026366 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-07940-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Novel magnetic-activated carbon composites (MACs) were synthesized via coupling of a glucose-assisted hydrothermal pretreatment and subsequent thermal treatment using iron sludge and biological sludge. The adsorption properties of MACs for sulfonamide antibiotic removal from aqueous solution were investigated. Results revealed that the MACs had a high specific surface area with well-distributed magnetic nano-sized Fe3O4/Fe0 particles with a graphitic shell. This finding indicates that the ferric compounds in the iron sludge were not only converted into magnetic ferrite but also worked as activators for graphitization of the surrounding amorphous carbon. The pseudo-second-order kinetics and Langmuir models were shown to well fit sulfonamide antibiotic adsorption on the MACs. There was a high correlation between the kl·qm and physicochemical parameters of the sulfonamides. The three parameters are molecular polarizability, octanol-water partition coefficient, and solubility, respectively. The sulfonamide adsorption by the MACs was highly pH dependent. Hydrophobic interaction, π-π interaction, as well as electrostatic interaction, played dominant roles in the sulfonamide adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junli Wan
- School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, China.
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Jian Ding
- School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Wanchun Tan
- School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Yinghong Gao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Shiquan Sun
- School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Chunbo He
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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17
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Nanomaterials with Tailored Magnetic Properties as Adsorbents of Organic Pollutants from Wastewaters. INORGANICS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics8040024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Water quality has become one of the most critical issue of concern worldwide. The main challenge of the scientific community is to develop innovative and sustainable water treatment technologies with high efficiencies and low production costs. In recent years, the use of nanomaterials with magnetic properties used as adsorbents in the water decontamination process has received considerable attention since they can be easily separated and reused. This review focuses on the state-of-art of magnetic core–shell nanoparticles and nanocomposites developed for the adsorption of organic pollutants from water. Special attention is paid to magnetic nanoadsorbents based on silica, clay composites, carbonaceous materials, polymers and wastes. Furthermore, we compare different synthesis approaches and adsorption performance of every nanomaterials. The data gathered in this review will provide information for the further development of new efficient water treatment technologies.
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18
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Huang X, Wan Y, Shi B, Shi J. Effects of powdered activated carbon on the coagulation-flocculation process in humic acid and humic acid-kaolin water treatment. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 238:124637. [PMID: 31470312 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The addition of powdered activated carbon (PAC) to remove micropollutants is a commonly used technology to improve drinking water quality. However, the effects of PAC dosing strategy on the coagulation-flocculation process of water treatment have not been well understood, especially for water with low amounts of inorganic particles. Therefore, the current research aimed to comprehensively study the effects of simultaneous addition of PAC and aluminum sulfate (AS) coagulants (denoted as PAC-AS) or adding PAC 2 h before coagulation (denoted as PAC2h-AS) on the coagulation behavior in humic acid (HA) and HA-kaolin water treatment. The results showed that the floc size, growth rate, breakage factor, and fractal dimension were all enhanced by PAC-AS and PAC2h-AS for HA but not for HA-kaolin water treatment. In HA water treatment, PAC-AS reached a larger floc size and faster growth rate, while PAC2h-AS achieved a larger floc breakage factor and fractal dimension value. For PAC2h-AS, the pre-adsorption of HA onto PAC would lower the initial particle concentration and reduce the collision probability during HA water coagulation process; thus, the DOC removal efficiency, floc size, and growth rate of PAC2h-AS were relatively smaller than those of PAC-AS. For the floc strength and floc fractal dimension, the pre-adsorption of HA onto PAC contributed to formation of stronger inter-particle bonds; thus, stronger and more compact flocs were formed by PAC2h-AS compared with those of PAC-AS. The addition of PAC had a smaller impact on the floc properties in HA-kaolin water treatment owing to its higher initial particle concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 18 Shuangqing Rd, Beijing, 100085, China.
| | - Yang Wan
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 18 Shuangqing Rd, Beijing, 100085, China; School of Textiles, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China.
| | - Baoyou Shi
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 18 Shuangqing Rd, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Jian Shi
- School of Textiles, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China; Analysis & Testing Center, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China.
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19
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Yuan J, Van Dyke MI, Huck PM. Selection and evaluation of water pretreatment technologies for managed aquifer recharge (MAR) with reclaimed water. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 236:124886. [PMID: 31564425 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Managed aquifer recharge with reclaimed water is a promising strategy for indirect potable reuse. However, residual contaminants in the treated wastewater effluent could potentially have adverse effects on human health. Hence, adequate water pretreatment is required. A multi-criteria approach was used to select and evaluate suitable water pretreatment technologies that can remove these critical contaminants in wastewater effluent for MAR identified in a previous study (Yuan et al., 2017). The treatment efficiency targets were calculated based on the concentrations and the suggested limits of critical contaminants. Treatment efficiency credits were then assigned to each treatment option for the removal of critical contaminants based on literature data. Treatment units that resulted in the highest efficiency credit scores were selected and combined into treatment train options, which were evaluated in terms of treatability, cost, and sustainability. This paper proposes an approach for the selection and evaluation of water treatment options, which will be helpful to guide the future implementation of MAR projects with reclaimed water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yuan
- NSERC Chair in Water Treatment, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Michele I Van Dyke
- NSERC Chair in Water Treatment, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Peter M Huck
- NSERC Chair in Water Treatment, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
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