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Zhang Y, Yang Z. A multidirectional pairwise coupling approach with spectral features unmixing to quantify total phosphorus, total nitrogen, and chlorophyll-a in urban rivers. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 477:135174. [PMID: 39059295 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Comprehensive and effective water quality monitoring is vital to water environment management and prevention of water quality from degradation. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) remote sensing techniques have gradually matured and prevailed in monitoring water quality of urban rivers, posing great opportunity for more effective and flexible quantitative estimation of water quality parameter (WQP) than satellite remote sensing techniques. However, current UAV remote sensing methods often entail large quantities of cost-prohibitive in-situ collected training samples with corresponding chemical analysis in different monitoring watersheds, laying time and fiscal pressure on local environmental protection department. They suffer relatively low calculation accuracy and stability and their applicability in various watersheds is constrained. This study developed a unified two-stage method, multidirectional pairwise coupling (MDPC) with information sharing and delivery of different modeling stages to efficiently predict concentrations of WQPs including total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN), and chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) from hyperspectral data. MDPC incorporates exterior and interior feature interaction and gravity model variant to improve prediction accuracy and stability with consideration of mutual effect in the proximity. The structure design and workflow of MDPC ensure high robustness and application prospect due to achievement of good performance with less training samples, improving applicability and feasibility. The experiments show that MDPC has achieved good performance on retrieval of WQPs concentrations including TP, TN, and Chl-a, the results mean absolute percent error (MAPE) and coefficient of determination (R2) ranging from 6.34 % to 11.94 % and from 0.74 to 0.93. This study provides a systematic and scientific reference to formulate a feasible and efficient water environment management scheme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yishan Zhang
- College of Mining Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, China; Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C. 20057, USA.
| | - Ziyao Yang
- Eberly College of Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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2
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Ortiz-Marín AD, Talavera-López A, Solis-Marcial OJ, Roé-Sosa A, Pérez-Estrada L, Amabilis-Sosa LE. Reduction of organic matter containing benzimidazole and toxicity in real livestock wastewater through advanced oxidation processes. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2024:1-13. [PMID: 39158493 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2024.2388426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Livestock wastewater (LWW) has a complex characteristic of high organic matter content, metals, nutrients, and pharmaceutical compounds. Advanced oxidation processes (AOP) are a potential option for treating this wastewater. This study evaluated real LWW and the performance of UV/H2O2 and UV/peroxymonosulfate (UV/PMS) for its treatment. The experiments were conducted in a UV photoreactor (16 mW/m2, λ = 254 nm). The oxidant agents (Ox) tested were H2O2 and PMS, each at low, medium, and high TOC/Ox molar ratios. A pretreatment based on chemical precipitation was implemented. Annually, the LWW showed total organic carbon (TOC) values of 859 ± 13.37 mg/L, 168.85 ± 1.62 mg/L of total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), and toxicity of 96% v/v. In the dry season, albendazole (ABZ) (95.3 ± 35.16 mg/L), Cu (4.3 ± 0.23 mg/L), Fe (3.8 ± 0.38 mg/L), and suspended solids (SS) (1015 ± 586.9 mg/L) were identified, so pretreatment was implemented. The UV/PMS process with the lowest molar ratio [TOC/Ox 1:0.75] removed significantly lower TOC concentrations (p < 0.05), but toxicity decreased entirely. The study of mineralization and toxicity provided insight into the changes in LWW during treatment with AOP. Furthermore, it contributed to establishing the technical basis for implementing efficient treatment processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro D Ortiz-Marín
- Tecnólogico Nacional de México-ITCuliacán, División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Juan de Dios Bátiz S/N, Culiacán, Sinaloa, México
| | | | - Oscar J Solis-Marcial
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Ingeniería, Zacatecas, Zacatecas, México
| | - Adriana Roé-Sosa
- Universidad Tecnológica de Culiacán, Coordinación de Tecnología Ambiental, Culiacán, Sinaloa, México
| | | | - Leonel E Amabilis-Sosa
- Conahcyt-Tecnológico Nacional de México-ITCuliacán, División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Juan de Dios Batiz, Culiacán, Sinaloa, México
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3
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Leovac Maćerak A, Duduković N, Kiss F, Slijepčević N, Pešić V, Bečelić-Tomin M, Kerkez Đ. Electrocoagulation in treatment of municipal wastewater- life cycle impact assessment. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 355:141701. [PMID: 38508463 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is investigation of electrocoagulation (EC) as a treatment of municipal wastewater, integrating life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) for assessing its environmental performance of investigated treatment. The study evaluated the effectiveness of EC in removing physico-chemical and microbial parameters using aluminum (Al) and iron (Fe) electrodes in monopolar and bipolar modes. Bipolar arrangement of Al(-)/Al/Al/Al(+) electrodes achieved the highest removals: 70% COD, 72% BOD5 followed by complete elimination of total phosphorous, turbidity and microbial parameters. This treatment was subject to investigation of the influence of reaction time (t = 10-60 min) on removals at higher current density (CD = 3.33 mA/cm2). In order to reduce energy consumption, the same reaction time range was used with a reduced CD = 2.33 mA/cm2. Following removal efficiencies obtained: 47-72% COD (higher CD) and 53-78% (lower CD); 69-75% BOD5 (higher CD) and 55-74% CD (lower CD); 12-21% NH4- (higher CD) and 7-22% NH4- (lower CD). Total P, NO3- and NO2- compounds showed the same removals regardless the CD. Decrease in current density did not influence removals of total suspended matter, turbidity, salinity as well as microbial parameters. The bipolar arrangement of Al(-)/Al/Al/Al(+) electrodes, assuming a lower CD = 2.33 mA/cm2 and t = 30 min, was assessed with the Recipe 2016Midpoint (H) and USEtox v.2 LCIA methods to explore the environmental justification of using EC for wastewater treatment. The LCIA results revealed that the EC process significantly reduces water eutrophication and toxicity for freshwater and marine ecosystems, but has higher impacts in global warming, fossil fuel consumption, human toxicity, acidification, and terrestrial ecotoxicity due to high energy consumption. This can be mainly explained by the assumption in the study that the EC precipitate is dispersed to agricultural soil without any pre-treatment and material recovery, along with relatively high energy consumption during the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Leovac Maćerak
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Nataša Duduković
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, Novi Sad, Serbia.
| | - Ferenc Kiss
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technology, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Nataša Slijepčević
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Vesna Pešić
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Milena Bečelić-Tomin
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Đurđa Kerkez
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, Novi Sad, Serbia
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4
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Li Q, Fang X, Jin L, Sun X, Huang H, Ma R, Zhao H, Ren H. Scientometric analysis of electrocatalysis in wastewater treatment: today and tomorrow. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:19025-19046. [PMID: 38374500 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32472-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Electrocatalytic methods are valuable tools for addressing water pollution and scarcity, offering effective pollutant removal and resource recovery. To investigate the current status and future trends of electrocatalysis in wastewater treatment, a detailed analysis of 9417 papers and 4061 patents was conducted using scientometric methods. China emerged as the leading contributor to publications, and collaborations between China and the USA have emerged as the most frequent partnerships. Primary article co-citation clusters focused on oxygen evolution reaction and electrochemical oxidation, transitioning towards advanced oxidation processes ("persulfate activation"), and electrocatalytic reduction processes ("nitrate reduction"). Bifunctional catalysts, theoretical calculations, electrocatalytic combination technologies, and emerging contaminants were identified as current research hotspots. Patent analysis revealed seven types of electrochemical technologies, which were compared using SWOT analysis, highlighting electrochemical oxidation as prominent. The technological evolution presented the pathway of electro-Fenton to combined electrocatalytic technologies with biochemical processes, and finally to coupling with electrocoagulation. Standardized evaluation systems, waste resource utilization, and energy conservation were important directions of innovation in electrocatalytic technologies. Overall, this study provided a reference for researchers to understand the framework of electrocatalysis in wastewater treatment and also shed light on potential avenues for further innovation in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, No. 163, Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoya Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, No. 163, Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, No. 163, Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangzhou Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, No. 163, Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, No. 163, Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Rui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, No. 163, Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, No. 163, Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongqiang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, No. 163, Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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5
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Hassan N, Lezy J, Parmentier D, Van Hulle SWH. Electrocoagulation flotation as a municipal wastewater (pre-)treatment technology: Effect of weather conditions and current density. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 345:118906. [PMID: 37660424 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Electrocoagulation (EC) is a promising compact alternative technology, despite its viability in municipal wastewater treatment (MWWT) is currently challenged by its energy-intensive and batch-mode operation. This study introduces an innovative continuous electrocoagulation flotation (ECF) design for MWWT. ECF shows promising pollutant removal efficiencies, with identical results using both iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al) anodes. At a current density (CD) of 120 A/m2, it achieved significant removals: 90% tCOD, 98% TP, 94% TSS, 60% BOD5, and 40% TN. Designed ECF is proposed as a pre-treatment step due to limited TN removal. The study investigated optimal ECF performance under varying weather conditions using CD ranges of 40, 80, and 120 A/m2. Both Fe and Al ECF outperformed in treating rainy weather (RW) and dry weather (DW) municipal wastewater (MWW). However, Al anode's super-faradaic behavior resulted in higher residual concentrations in effluent, (i.e., an average of 6.53-33.7 mg/L), and operational costs compared to Fe ECF. Optimized Fe ECF setting needs to be changed depending in the weather variation. Fe ECF achieved high removal rates for tCOD (94%) and TP (95%) in RW MWW at a low CD of 40 A/m2. Comparative to this, the optimum CD for treated DW MWW was between 40 and 80 A/m2, removing tCOD (71-73%) and TP (85-95%). Specifically, at these conditions, the operational expenses were respectively 0.47 ± 0.03 €/m3 (RW MWW), and 0.37 ± 0.02 €/m3 to 0.81 ± 0.04 €/m3 (DW MWW). Moreover, ECF enables resource recovery and a circular economy through anaerobic sludge digestion, with Fe ECF generating more biogas than Al.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazia Hassan
- Laboratory for Industrial Water and Ecotechnology (LIWET), Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University Campus Kortrijk, Sint-Martens-Latemlaan 2B/5, 8500, Kortrijk, Belgium; Environmental Science Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, 9208, Bangladesh.
| | - Jente Lezy
- Laboratory for Industrial Water and Ecotechnology (LIWET), Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University Campus Kortrijk, Sint-Martens-Latemlaan 2B/5, 8500, Kortrijk, Belgium; Hello water, Kastanjeboomstraat 13, 8550, Zwevegem, Belgium
| | - Dries Parmentier
- Laboratory for Industrial Water and Ecotechnology (LIWET), Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University Campus Kortrijk, Sint-Martens-Latemlaan 2B/5, 8500, Kortrijk, Belgium; Noah Water Solutions bvba, Burchtweg 7, B-9890, Gavere, Belgium
| | - Stijn Wim Henk Van Hulle
- Laboratory for Industrial Water and Ecotechnology (LIWET), Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University Campus Kortrijk, Sint-Martens-Latemlaan 2B/5, 8500, Kortrijk, Belgium
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6
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Ghaffarian Khorram A, Fallah N, Nasernejad B, Afsham N, Esmaelzadeh M, Vatanpour V. Electrochemical-based processes for produced water and oily wastewater treatment: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 338:139565. [PMID: 37482313 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
The greatest volume of by-products produced in oil and gas recovery operations is referred to as produced water and increasing environmental concerns and strict legislations on discharging it into the environment cause to more attention for focusing on degradation methods for treatment of produced water especially electrochemical technologies. This article provides an overview of electrochemical technologies for treating oily wastewater and produced water, including: electro-coagulation, electro-Fenton, electrochemical oxidation and electrochemical membrane reactor as a single stage and combination of these technologies as multi-stage treatment process. Many researchers have carried out experiments to examine the impact of various factors such as material (i.e, electrode material) and operational conditions (i.e., potential, current density, pH, electrode distance, and other factors) for organic elimination to obtain the high efficiency. Results of each method are reviewed and discussed according to these studies, comprehensively. Furthermore, several challenges need to be overcome and perspectives for future study are proposed for each method.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Narges Fallah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Bahram Nasernejad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Afsham
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Esmaelzadeh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Vatanpour
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran; National Research Center on Membrane Technologies, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Turkey.
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7
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Khavari Kashani MR, Wang Q, Khatebasreh M, Li X, Sheikh Asadi AM, Boczkaj G, Ghanbari F. Sequential treatment of landfill leachate by electrocoagulation/aeration, PMS/ZVI/UV and electro-Fenton: Performance, biodegradability and toxicity studies. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 338:117781. [PMID: 37015143 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a systematic study on sequential treatment of highly resistant landfill leachate by electrocoagulation (EC)/aeration, sulfate radical advanced oxidation process (SR-AOP) and electro-Fenton (EF). In case of SR-AOP, peroxymonosulfate (PMS) catalyzed by zero valent iron (ZVI) and ultraviolet irradiation (UV) system was developed. Treatment process was optimized in respect to COD removal. Analysis of results revealed that sequential application of EC/aeration, PMS/ZVI/UV, and EF processes provide an extraordinary performance and meet the environmental regulations. The source of iron for EF process was provided from previous process reducing the cost of sequential process. Separately, EC/aeration (inlet COD = 4040 mg/L), PMS/ZVI/UV (inlet COD = 1560 mg/L), and EF (inlet COD = 471 mg/L) removed 61, 69 and 82% of COD respectively. Overall, sequential processes of EC/aeration, PMS/ZVI/UV and EF could remove the COD, TOC and ammonia of the landfill leachate around 98%, 93% and 94%, respectively. The comparison of different sequences of following processes indicated that current configuration (EC/aeration-PMS/ZVI/UV-EF) could meet the discharge standards. Furthermore, humification degree was significantly improved after oxidative processes. Biodegradability study was also performed by means of BOD/COD, average oxidation state (AOS), and Zahn-Wellens test, and the best results associated with these indices were obtained 0.56, 2.37, and over 98%, respectively. Phytotoxicity of leachate was remarkably reduced and the final effluent can be considered as a non-phytotoxic wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qilin Wang
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Masoumeh Khatebasreh
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Xuan Li
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Amir Mohammad Sheikh Asadi
- Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of Sanitary Engineering, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Boczkaj
- Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of Sanitary Engineering, Gdansk, Poland; EkoTech Center, Gdansk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza St. 11/12, Gdansk, 80-233, Poland.
| | - Farshid Ghanbari
- Research Center for Environmental Contaminants (RCEC), Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran.
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AlJaberi FY, Ahmed SA, Makki HF, Naje AS, Zwain HM, Salman AD, Juzsakova T, Viktor S, Van B, Le PC, La DD, Chang SW, Um MJ, Ngo HH, Nguyen DD. Recent advances and applicable flexibility potential of electrochemical processes for wastewater treatment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 867:161361. [PMID: 36610626 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study examined >140 relevant publications from the last few years (2018-2021). In this study, classification was reviewed depending on the operation's progress. Electrocoagulation (EC), electrooxidation (EO), electroflotation (EF), electrodialysis (ED), and electro-Fenton (EFN) processes have received considerable attention. The type of action (individual or hybrid) for each electrochemical procedure was evaluated, and statistical analysis was performed to compare them as a new manner of reviewing cited papers providing a massive amount of information efficiently to the readers. Individual or hybrid operation progress of the electrochemical techniques is critical issues. Their design, operation, and maintenance costs vary depending on the in-situ conditions, as evidenced by surveyed articles and statistical analyses. This work also examines the variables affecting the elimination efficacy, such as the applied current, reaction time, pH, type of electrolyte, initial pollutant concentration, and energy consumption. In addition, owing to its efficacy in removing toxins, the hybrid activity showed a good percentage among the studies reviewed. The promise of each wastewater treatment technology depends on the type of contamination. In some cases, EO requires additives to oxidise the pollutants. EF and EFN eliminated lightweight organic pollutants. ED has been used to treat saline water. Compared to other methods, EC has been extensively employed to remove a wide variety of contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forat Yasir AlJaberi
- Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Al-Muthanna University, Al-Muthanna, Iraq.
| | - Shaymaa A Ahmed
- Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Hasan F Makki
- Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ahmed Samir Naje
- College of Engineering, Al-Qasim Green University, Al-Qasim Province, 51001 Babylon, Iraq
| | - Haider M Zwain
- College of Engineering, Al-Qasim Green University, Al-Qasim Province, 51001 Babylon, Iraq
| | - Ali Dawood Salman
- Sustainability Solutions Research Lab, University of Pannonia, Veszprém, Hungary; Department of Chemical and Petroleum Refining Engineering, College of Oil and Gas Engineering, Basra University, Iraq
| | - Tatjána Juzsakova
- Sustainability Solutions Research Lab, University of Pannonia, Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Sebestyen Viktor
- Sustainability Solutions Research Lab, University of Pannonia, Veszprém, Hungary
| | - B Van
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, 550000 Danang, Viet Nam; School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, 550000 Danang, Viet Nam.
| | - Phuoc-Cuong Le
- The University of Danang-University of Science and Technology, 54 Nguyen Luong Bang, Danang 550000, Viet Nam.
| | - D Duong La
- Institute of Chemistry and Materials, Nghia Do, Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Viet Nam
| | - S Woong Chang
- Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, Kyonggi University, Suwon 442-760, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung-Jin Um
- Department of Civil Engineering, Kyonggi University, Suwon 442-760, Republic of Korea
| | - Huu Hao Ngo
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - D Duc Nguyen
- Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, Kyonggi University, Suwon 442-760, Republic of Korea; Faculty of Environmental and Food Engineering, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, 300A Nguyen Tat Thanh, District 4, HCM City 755414, Viet Nam.
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9
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Bhoi GP, Singh KS, Connor DA. Optimization of phosphorus recovery using electrochemical struvite precipitation and comparison with iron electrocoagulation system. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2023; 95:e10847. [PMID: 36789466 DOI: 10.1002/wer.10847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A batch monopolar reactor was developed for total phosphorus (TP) recovery using electrochemical struvite precipitation. This study involves the optimization of factors using response surface methodology to maximize the TP recovery. The optimal parameters for this study were found to be a pH of 8.40, a retention time of 35 min, a current density of 300 A/m2 , and an interelectrode distance of 0.5 cm, resulting in 97.3% of TP recovery and energy consumption of 2.35 kWh/m3 . A kinetic study for TP removal revealed that at optimum operating conditions, TP removal follows second-order kinetics (removal rate constant(K) = 0.0117 mg/(m2 ·min)). The system performance was compared to the performance of an iron electrocoagulation system. The composition of the precipitate obtained during the optimal runs were analyzed using X-ray diffraction and EDS analysis. X-ray diffraction analysis of the magnesium precipitate revealed the presence of struvite as the only crystalline compound. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Electrochemical struvite precipitation has the potential to recover total phosphorus from anaerobic bioreactor effluent. Optimum conditions for phosphorus recovery was found at a pH of 8.4, retention time of 35 min, current density of 300 A/m2, and interelectrode distance of 0.5 cm. The quadratic model predicted complete (100 %) TP recovery under optimized conditions, whereas 97.3 % recovery was observed under experimental conditions. TP removal under optimum conditions followed second-order rate equation (removal rate constant(K) = 0.0117 mg/(m2 ·min)). XRD analysis of the precipitate revealed struvite as the only crystalline compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyana P Bhoi
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, Canada
| | - Kripa S Singh
- Departments of Civil Engineering and Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, Canada
| | - Dennis A Connor
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, Canada
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10
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Jiang C, Liu Y, Zhang C, Li X. Study on influencing parameters and long-term operation of electrocoagulation phosphorus removal from small rural domestic sewage. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2023; 87:1866-1878. [PMID: 37119160 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2023.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Excessive discharge of phosphorus can produce eutrophication in aquatic environments, damaging public health, the living environment, and the economy. The conventional mechanical-biological phosphorus removal methods are not suitable for small rural domestic sewage due to the features of small scale, scattered distribution, intermittent emission, and large fluctuation. This work evaluated electrocoagulation (EC) with industrial steel as electrodes on small rural domestic sewage. Results showed that the best performance was achieved at a current density of 1 mA/cm2, electrode distance of 2 cm, electrode number of 2, pH of 7, and Hydraulic Retention Time of 30 min, respectively. Under optimum conditions, the EC process removed 93.91% phosphorus while consuming around 0.25 kWh/m3 of electricity. In addition, the electrode passivation of EC was further investigated; the long-term research found that the phosphorus removal efficiency only decreased by 4.34% after 10 days of continuous flow operation, and the operational energy consumption was 0.07 kWh/m3 at a Cl- concentration of 500 mg/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunfeng Jiang
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China E-mail:
| | - Yanqing Liu
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China E-mail:
| | - Chong Zhang
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China E-mail:
| | - Xianning Li
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China E-mail:
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11
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Beig SUR, Shah SA. Adsorption of Cr(VI) by NaOH-modified microporous activated carbons derived from the wastes of Amaranthus retroflexus, Magnolia soulangeana, and Tanacetum Vulgar L.: mechanism, isotherms, and kinetic studies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:35808-35837. [PMID: 36538220 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24616-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The study was designed to synthesize microporous activated carbons from the wastes of three medicinal herbs by NaOH as an activator followed by pyrolysis. The prepared microporous activated carbons R. Weed (Amaranthus retroflexus Redroot pigweed modified with NaOH), S. Bod Magnolia soulangeana Soul-Bod treated with NaOH) and S. TY (Tanacetum Vulgar L. (Tansy) treated with NaOH) were deployed for dangerous Cr(VI) ion remediation from the aquatic system. The synthesized modified biosorbents were described by FT-IR, SEM, EDAX, and BET. Furthermore, it was found that biosorbent made from R. Weed seems to have a surface area of 588.155 m2/g and micropore volume of 0.331Cm3/g whereas biosorbent made from S. Bod and S. TY does have a surface area of 489.613 and 445.615 m2/g respectively. The effects of several variables such as pH, temperature, and contact time were explored. The kinetic studies were accomplished and it was noticed that equilibrium was confirmed at 6 min for R. Weed while at 8 and 10 min for S. Bod and S. TY respectively. The pertinence of different adsorption isotherms like Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin was explored. The optimum adsorption capacity for each adsorbent material in respect of monolayer coverage (Qmax) was calculated. The Qmax of Redroot pigweed (R. Weed), Soul-Bod (S. Bod), and Tansy (S. TY) biosorbents were 326.62, 181.69, and 108.14 mg/g respectively. The adsorption kinetics was described using pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order equations. Furthermore, it was found that each adsorbent material followed the pseudo-second-order kinetics which affirmed the chemosorption nature of adsorption. The thermodynamic variables that include ΔG, ΔH, and ΔS were determined for each adsorbent material. Moreover, the manufactured R. Weed biosorbent seems to have high recyclability. It will remediate Cr(VI) ions with a maximum remediation efficiency of up to 81% during six cycles of regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Ur Rehman Beig
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Srinagar Hazratbal, Srinagar, J&K, 190006, India.
| | - Shakeel A Shah
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Srinagar Hazratbal, Srinagar, J&K, 190006, India
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12
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Davaasambuu S, Chuluunsukh D, Amarsanaa A. Formation of Arsenic Minerals in Aqueous Media During Electrocoagulation using Iron Electrodes. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202202403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarangerel Davaasambuu
- Department of Chemistry Division of Natural Sciences School of Arts and Sciences National University of Mongolia Ulaanbaatar 14200 Mongolia
| | - Delgersaikhan Chuluunsukh
- Department of Chemistry Division of Natural Sciences School of Arts and Sciences National University of Mongolia Ulaanbaatar 14200 Mongolia
| | - Altangerel Amarsanaa
- Department of Chemistry Division of Natural Sciences School of Arts and Sciences National University of Mongolia Ulaanbaatar 14200 Mongolia
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13
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AlJaberi FY, Alardhi SM, Ahmed SA, Salman AD, Juzsakova T, Cretescu I, Le PC, Chung WJ, Chang SW, Nguyen DD. Can electrocoagulation technology be integrated with wastewater treatment systems to improve treatment efficiency? ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 214:113890. [PMID: 35870500 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Considerable amounts of domestic and industrial wastewater that should be treated before reuse are discharged into the environment annually. Electrocoagulation is an electrochemical technology in which electrical current is conducted through electrodes, it is mainly used to remove several types of wastewater pollutants, such as dyes, toxic materials, oil content, chemical oxygen demand, and salinity, individually or in combination with other processes. Electrocoagulation technology used in hybrid systems along with other technologies for wastewater treatment are reviewed in this work, and the articles reviewed herein were published from 2018 to 2021. Electrocoagulation is widely employed in integrated systems with other electrochemical technologies or conventional methods for effective removal of different pollutants with less cost and sometimes over shorter durations of operation. It has also been observed that the hybrid effects besides increasing the removal efficiency can overcome the disadvantages of using electrocoagulation alone, such as less sludge formation, high cost of operation and increased life of the used electrodes, and stable flux of water with longer periods of operation. More than 20 types of other technologies have been combined efficiently with electrocoagulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forat Yasir AlJaberi
- Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Al-Muthanna University, Al-Muthanna, Iraq
| | - Saja Mohsen Alardhi
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Research Center, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Shaymaa A Ahmed
- Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali Dawood Salman
- Research Group for Surfaces and Nanostructures, University of Pannonia, Veszprém, Hungary; Department of Chemical and Petroleum Refining Engineering, College of Oil and Gas Engineering, Basra University, Iraq
| | - Tatjána Juzsakova
- Research Group for Surfaces and Nanostructures, University of Pannonia, Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Igor Cretescu
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Management, Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of Iasi, Romania
| | - Phuoc-Cuong Le
- The University of Danang-University of Science and Technology, 54 Nguyen Luong Bang, Danang 550000, Vietnam.
| | - W Jin Chung
- Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, Kyonggi University, Republic of Korea
| | - S Woong Chang
- Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, Kyonggi University, Republic of Korea
| | - D Duc Nguyen
- Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, Kyonggi University, Republic of Korea; Faculty of Environmental and Food Engineering, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, 300A Nguyen Tat Thanh, District 4, HCM City 755414, Vietnam.
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14
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Garg R, Singh SK. Treatment technologies for sustainable management of wastewater from iron and steel industry - a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:75203-75222. [PMID: 36136191 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23051-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The iron and steel industries are a vital driving force for propelling the nation's economic growth. In 2019, to boost the economy and to achieve the target of five trillion economies by 2024, government of India entails investments in several steel-related sectors. However, since their inception, steel and iron industries have been coupled with extensive environmental pollution and vast water utilization. Discharged effluent from the different units of plant loaded with toxic, hazardous, and unused components which have various harmful environmental and health impacts and need treatment. In the present review, the pollutants treatment efficiency of various treatment techniques, effluent volume product quality, and various measures for sound management of wastewater are reviewed. As most conventional wastewater treatment methods are not sufficient for complete reclamation and remediation of effluent, the potential of more advanced treatment such as membrane separation and membrane bioreactors is relatively untouched. In the end, this paper concluded that the integrated system combining chemical treatment with membrane separation can ensure a worthy rate of pollutant removal. Reuse and effective management of wastewater with process intensification guarantee commercial viability and eco-friendliness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachna Garg
- Department of Environment Engineering, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Singh
- Department of Environment Engineering, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, 110042, India.
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15
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Bracher GH, Carissimi E, Wolff DB, Glusczak AG, Graepin C. Performance of an electrocoagulation-flotation system in the treatment of domestic wastewater for urban reuse. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:49439-49456. [PMID: 35583758 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20630-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Domestic wastewater is an important alternative source of water in the face of a growing discrepancy between water availability and demand. The use of techniques that enable the urban reuse of treated sewage is essential to make cities more sustainable and resilient to water scarcity. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the performance of an electrocoagulation-flotation system in the treatment of domestic wastewater for urban reuse. The study was performed using raw domestic wastewater samples. The electrocoagulation-flotation system was a cylindrical reactor with aluminum electrodes. The treatment conditions involved agitation at 262.5 rpm, electrical current of 1.65 A, electrolysis time of 25 min, an initial pH of 6, and inter-electrode distance of 1 cm. Overall, the electrocoagulation-flotation system was highly efficient for removal of apparent color (97.9%), chemical oxygen demand (82.9%), turbidity (95.8%), and orthophosphate phosphorous (> 98.2%). The electrocoagulation-flotation system had a consumption of electrical energy ranging from 9.5 to 13.3 kWh m-3, electrode mass from 294.7 to 557.0 g m-3, and hydrochloric acid from 4.3 to 6.6 L m-3. Sludge production in the system ranged from 1,125.7 to 1,835.7 g m-3. Treated wastewater had a satisfactory quality for several urban reuse activities. The electrocoagulation-flotation system showed potential to be used for domestic wastewater treatment for urban reuse purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Holz Bracher
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, Camobi, RS, 97105‑900, Brazil.
| | - Elvis Carissimi
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, Camobi, RS, 97105‑900, Brazil
| | - Delmira Beatriz Wolff
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, Camobi, RS, 97105‑900, Brazil
| | - Andressa Gabriela Glusczak
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, Camobi, RS, 97105‑900, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Graepin
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, Camobi, RS, 97105‑900, Brazil
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16
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Benguit A, Tiwari B, Drogui P, Landry D. Tertiary treatment of a mixture of composting and landfill leachates using electrochemical processes. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 292:133379. [PMID: 34958788 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The study investigated the treatment efficiency of coupled electrocoagulation (EC) and electrooxidation (EO) processes for landfill leachate treatment in batch and continuous mode. The EC process (iron anode and graphite cathode) at 18.2 mA/cm2 for 2.5 min resulted in COD, turbidity, total phosphorus, total coliforms and fecal coliforms removal of 58.1, 72.9, 98.5, 97.9, and 97.2% respectively. Under the same operating conditions, the coupled EC/EO (Ti-Pt anode, bipolar iron electrode, and graphite cathode) processes showed that the COD, turbidity, total phosphorus, total coliforms, and fecal coliforms removal of 56.5%, 78.3%, 96.3%, 97.2% and fecal coliforms 72.7%, respectively. The energy costs associated with the EC and EC/EO were 0.11 and 0.25 $/m3, respectively. Compared to the batch configuration, the continuous configuration of EC resulted in similar processing performance. However, the EC/EO process resulted in the production of chlorates, perchlorates, and trihalomethanes as by-products. Moreover, the continuous process slightly increases the pH and ammonia concentration of the leachate and also resulted in the metallic sludge production with an average dryness of 4.2%. The toxicity tests determined that the treated effluent was not toxic to Rainbow trout and Daphnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alae Benguit
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS-Eau Terre et Environnement), Université du Québec, 490 rue de la Couronne, Québec, QC, G1K 9A9, Canada
| | - Bhagyashree Tiwari
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS-Eau Terre et Environnement), Université du Québec, 490 rue de la Couronne, Québec, QC, G1K 9A9, Canada
| | - Patrick Drogui
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS-Eau Terre et Environnement), Université du Québec, 490 rue de la Couronne, Québec, QC, G1K 9A9, Canada.
| | - Dany Landry
- Englobe Company, Englobe Corp., 505 Boul. de Parc Technologique, Québec, QC, G1P 4S7, Canada
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17
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Removal of phosphate in secondary effluent from municipal wastewater treatment plant by iron and aluminum electrocoagulation: Efficiency and mechanism. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.120439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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18
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Adnan FH, Pons M, Mousset E. Thin film microfluidic reactors in electrochemical advanced oxidation processes for wastewater treatment: A review on influencing parameters, scaling issues, and engineering considerations. ELECTROCHEMICAL SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/elsa.202100210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marie‐Noëlle Pons
- CNRS LRGP Université de Lorraine Nancy France
- LTSER‐LRGP CNRS Université de Lorraine Nancy France
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19
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Degradation of Azo Dyes with Different Functional Groups in Simulated Wastewater by Electrocoagulation. WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14010123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Increasing attention has been paid to the widespread contamination of azo dyes in water bodies globally. These chemicals can present high toxicity, possibly causing severe irritation of the respiratory tract and even carcinogenic effects. The present study focuses on the periodically reverse electrocoagulation (PREC) treatment of two typical azo dyes with different functional groups, involving methyl orange (MO) and alizarin yellow (AY), using Fe-Fe electrodes. Based upon the comparative analysis of three main parameters, including current intensity, pH, and electrolyte, the optimal color removal rates for MO and AY could be achieved at a rate of up to 98.7% and 98.6%, respectively, when the current intensity is set to 0.6 A, the pH is set at 6.0, and the electrolyte is selected as NaCl. An accurate predicted method of response surface methodology (RSM) was established to optimize the PREC process involving the three parameters above. The reaction time was the main influence for both azo dyes, while the condition of PREC treatment for AY simulated wastewater was time-saving and energy conserving. According to the further UV–Vis spectrophotometry analysis throughout the procedure of the PREC process, the removal efficiency for AY was better than that of MO, potentially because hydroxyl groups might donate electrons to iron flocs or electrolyze out hydroxyl free radicals. The present study revealed that the functional groups might pose a vital influence on the removal efficiencies of the PREC treatment for those two azo dyes.
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20
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Lu J, Zhang P, Li J. Electrocoagulation technology for water purification: An update review on reactor design and some newly concerned pollutants removal. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 296:113259. [PMID: 34256295 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Water shortage and quality deterioration are plaguing people all over the world. Providing sustainable and affordable treatment solutions to these problems is a need of the hour. Electrocoagulation (EC) technology is a burgeoning alternative for effective water treatment, which offers the virtues such as compact equipment, easy operation, and low sludge production. Compared to other water purification technologies, EC shows excellent removal efficacy for a wide range of contaminants in water and has great potential for addressing limitations of conventional water purification technologies. This review summarizes the latest development of principle, characteristics, and reactor design of EC. The design of key parameters including reactor shape, power supply type, current density, as well as electrode configuration is further elaborated. In particular, typical water treatment systems powered by renewable energy (solar photovoltaic and wind turbine systems) are proposed. Further, this review provides an overview on expanded application of EC in the removal of some newly concerned pollutants in recent years, including arsenite, perfluorinated compounds, pharmaceuticals, oil, bacteria, and viruses. The removal efficiency and mechanisms of these pollutants are also discussed. Finally, future research trend and focus are further recommended. This review can bridge the large knowledge gap for the EC application that is beneficial for environmental researchers and engineers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Lu
- School of Civil Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, 264005, China.
| | - Peng Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, 264005, China
| | - Jie Li
- School of Economics and Management, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, 264005, China
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21
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Chen M, Li X, Zhang Q, Wang C, Hu H, Wang Q, Zeng C. Phosphate removal from aqueous solution by electrochemical coupling siderite packed column. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 280:130805. [PMID: 34162095 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The use of iron species to remove PO43- is widely used, and the fresh Fe3+ produced in situ demonstrate better effect on the removal of PO43- in many researches. Therefore, in order to develop a simpler and more efficient method for PO43- removal, we designed an easy operation by electrochemically dissolving siderite to produce fresh Fe3+ in situ for PO43- removal from wastewater. Results showed that current intensity at 20 mA, initial pH at 6, initial PO43- concentration at 1 mM and influent flow rate at 2.5 mL min-1 were the best parameters for removing PO43-, ensuring that the PO43- concentration of effluent can be kept below 1 mg L-1 through the electrochemical system. Different from other studies, a large amount of Fe2+ can be dissolved from natural minerals without adding H+ to the system and Fe3+ species are generated in situ from the oxidation of the Fe2+ without using a specific oxidizer. This electrochemical treatment method with siderite as a packed column can be used as a new method of high efficiency, simple operation and low-cost for treating eutrophic water bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengfei Chen
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Xuewei Li
- Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 341109, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Qiwu Zhang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
| | - Chao Wang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Huimin Hu
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Chaocheng Zeng
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
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22
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Sher F, Iqbal SZ, Rasheed T, Hanif K, Sulejmanović J, Zafar F, Lima EC. Coupling of electrocoagulation and powder activated carbon for the treatment of sustainable wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:48505-48516. [PMID: 33909245 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14129-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The present research work is based on an electrochemical technique in combination with powdered activated carbon (PAC) for the removal of micropollutants by adsorption as an advanced stage purification step from effluents of pilot plant wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). The effluents of sedimentation tank comprised of wastewater plus PAC (WWPAC). The pilot plant mainly consists of two parts: the first one consists of electrocoagulation (EC) reactor, and the second consists of electrophoretic deposition (EPD) discs and electroflotation (EF) setup. The electrocoagulation (EC) reactor consisted of the electrode material (Al and Fe). Both types of electrodes have been tested with the outflow of sedimentation tank. The outflow from the sedimentation tank has been entered into the EC reactor for the determination of EC reactor efficacy for the successful accomplishment of EC process at the designed pilot plant for WW treatment. The effect of different operational parameters, PAC dosage (20 mg), electrode nature (Fe and Al) and current density (0.34-2.02 A/m2), has been studied to find out the optimum conditions. Sludge volume index (SVI) of the sludge, thermogravimetric (TG), differential thermal analyses (DTA) and particle size distribution (PSD) of the flocs generated after the EC process has also been studied. The turbidity, pH and conductivity of effluents before and after EC treatment have also been carried out. The research work performed detailed analysis of the wastewater effluents at pilot plant scale and gave promising results for future work in advance wastewater treatment direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farooq Sher
- School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Automotive Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Environmental and Computing, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK.
| | - Sania Zafar Iqbal
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
- International Society of Engineering Science and Technology, Coventry, UK
| | - Tahir Rasheed
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Kashif Hanif
- School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Automotive Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Environmental and Computing, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK
- International Society of Engineering Science and Technology, Coventry, UK
| | - Jasmina Sulejmanović
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Sciences, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Fatima Zafar
- International Society of Engineering Science and Technology, Coventry, UK
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Eder C Lima
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Goncalves 9500, P.O. Box 15003, Porto Alegre, RS, ZIP 91501-970, Brazil
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23
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Mousazadeh M, Niaragh EK, Usman M, Khan SU, Sandoval MA, Al-Qodah Z, Khalid ZB, Gilhotra V, Emamjomeh MM. A critical review of state-of-the-art electrocoagulation technique applied to COD-rich industrial wastewaters. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:43143-43172. [PMID: 34164789 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14631-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Electrocoagulation (EC) is one of the emerging technologies in groundwater and wastewater treatment as it combines the benefits of coagulation, sedimentation, flotation, and electrochemical oxidation processes. Extensive research efforts implementing EC technology have been executed over the last decade to treat chemical oxygen demand (COD)-rich industrial wastewaters with the aim to protect freshwater streams (e.g., rivers, lakes) from pollution. A comprehensive review of the available recent literature utilizing EC to treat wastewater with high COD levels is presented. In addition, recommendations are provided for future studies to improve the EC technology and broaden its range of application. This review paper introduces some technologies which are often adopted for industrial wastewater treatment. Then, the EC process is compared with those techniques as a treatment for COD-rich wastewater. The EC process is considered as the most privileged technology by different research groups owing to its ability to deal with abundant volumes of wastewater. After, the application of EC as a single and combined treatment for COD-rich wastewaters is thoroughly reviewed. Finally, this review attempts to highlight the potentials and limitations of EC. Related to the EC process in batch operation mode, the best operational conditions are found at 10 V and 60 min of voltage and reaction time, respectively. These last values guarantee high COD removal efficiencies of > 90%. This review also concludes that considerably large operation costs of the EC process appears to be the serious drawback and renders it as an unfeasible approach for handling of COD rich wastewaters. In the end, this review has attempted to highlights the potential and limitation of EC and suggests that vast notably research in the field of continuous flow EC system is essential to introduce this technology as a convincing wastewater technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Mousazadeh
- Student research committee, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Elnaz Karamati Niaragh
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
| | - Muhammad Usman
- Institute for Water Resources and Water Supply, Hamburg University of Technology, Am Schwarzenberg-Campus 3, 20173, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Saif Ullah Khan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Zakir Husain College of Engineering & Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, U.P., 202001, India
| | - Miguel Angel Sandoval
- Departamento de Química de los Materiales, Laboratorio de Electroquímica Medio Ambiental, LEQMA, Universidad de Santiago de Chile USACH, Casilla 40, Correo 33, Santiago, Chile
- División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Guanajuato, Noria Alta S/N, 36050, Guanajuato, Guanajuato, México
| | - Zakaria Al-Qodah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Al-Balqa Applied University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Zaied Bin Khalid
- Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP), 26300 Gambang, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Vishakha Gilhotra
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Emamjomeh
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
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Akarsu C, Deveci EÜ, Gönen Ç, Madenli Ö. Treatment of slaughterhouse wastewater by electrocoagulation and electroflotation as a combined process: process optimization through response surface methodology. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:34473-34488. [PMID: 33651288 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12855-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The contamination of water with organic compounds has become an increasing concern in today's world. The cost-effective and sustainable treatment of industrial wastewaters is a major challenge. Advanced treatment techniques such as electrocoagulation-electroflotation offer economic and reliable solutions for the treatment of industrial wastewater. In this study, the electrocoagulation-electroflotation method was investigated for the simultaneous removal of chemical oxygen demand, total phosphorus, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, and color via response surface methodology. Factors such as electrode combination (Fe and Al), current density (10-20 mA/cm2), pH (3.0-9.0), and electrode distance (1-3 cm) were investigated in the treatment of wastewater to obtain maximum treatment efficiency. It was determined that chemical oxygen demand, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, total phosphorus, and color removal reached up to 94.0%, 77.5%, 97.0%, and 99.0%, respectively. Treatment costs were found as $0.71 with the Al-Fe electrode combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceyhun Akarsu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mersin University, 33343, Mersin, Turkey.
| | - Ece Ümmü Deveci
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, 51240, Niğde, Turkey
| | - Çağdaş Gönen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, 51240, Niğde, Turkey
| | - Özgecan Madenli
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, 51240, Niğde, Turkey
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25
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Sahu O. Suitability of electro-chemical reactor with copper electrode for sugar industry wastewater treatment: optimization of parameters, mechanism, kinetics and sludge analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL REACTOR ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/ijcre-2021-0074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The waste water generated from sugar industry contains a high degree of organic pollutant. Treating the sugar industry wastewater is thus crucial important for the environmental concern. The treated water can be reprocessed in different unit operation due to lack of fresh water. The purpose of this research work is to treat the sugarcane processing industry wastewater by electrochemical technology. The experiment was carried out with the copper electrode in batch mode. The input process parameters were optimized by using response surface methodology. At optimum condition at pH 6.79, current 4.97, electrode distance 1.41 and treatment ∼30 min, maximum 87.07% of chemical oxygen demand and 99.18% color removals was attained. A fairly high predicted value of regression coefficient for chemical oxygen demand (Pre-R
2) 0.81 and color (Pre-R
2) 0.851 and adjacent value for chemical oxygen demand (Adj-R
2) 0.46 and color (Adj-R
2) 0.589 was obtained between the experimental values and the calculate values by using a second-order regression model. The physicochemical characterizations of scum reveal less percentage of inorganic and it cane used as a micronutrient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omprakash Sahu
- Department of Chemical Engineering , UIE Chandigarh University , Mohali , India
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26
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Liu H, Wu Y, Li M, Ma H, Li M, Zhu K, Chen G, Wang Z, Wang S. Electrocoagulation pre-treatment to simultaneously remove dissolved and colloidal substances and Ca 2+ in old corrugated container wastewater. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 268:128851. [PMID: 33168278 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
An effective electrocoagulation pre-treatment (ECP) method was proposed to simultaneously solve the problems of the micro stickies deposition and high Ca2+ content in old corrugated container (OCC) papermaking wastewater during the recycling process. The optimal ECP condition was investigated. The results indicated that the effect of an Al electrode on wastewater treatment was superior to that of a Fe or Mg electrode. The optimal treatment conditions of the current density, electrode distance and reaction time were 115 A m-2, 5 cm and 60 min, respectively. After the ECP, the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and Ca2+ removal rates were 75.33% and 64.53%, respectively, and the turbidity and dissolved and colloidal substance (DCS) content decreased by 97.1% and 43.68%, respectively. The particle size of flocs in the liquid increased from 1.675 μm to 31.97 μm, and the floc content was 0.78 g L-1 after ECP. The anode material and energy consumption were 0.1846 kg m-3 and 4.56 kWh m-3, respectively, and the cost of treatment was estimated to be 1.11 $ m-3. The results demonstrate that ECP can effectively remove the micro stickies, COD, and Ca2+ in the OCC wastewater, which is conducive to reducing the cost of wastewater treatment and conform to the requirements of sustainable development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China.
| | - Yueru Wu
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China.
| | - Mingfu Li
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China.
| | - Haitong Ma
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China.
| | - Meiling Li
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China.
| | - Kaili Zhu
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China.
| | - Guoning Chen
- Guangxi Bossco Environment Co., Ltd, Nanning, 530007, PR China.
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering Guangxi, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China.
| | - Shuangfei Wang
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering Guangxi, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China.
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27
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Carmona-Carmona PF, Linares-Hernández I, Teutli-Sequeira EA, López-Rebollar BM, Álvarez-Bastida C, Mier-Quiroga MDLA, Vázquez-Mejía G, Martínez-Miranda V. Industrial wastewater treatment using magnesium electrocoagulation in batch and continuous mode. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2021; 56:269-288. [PMID: 33499749 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2020.1868823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the electrocoagulation (EC) performance of a Mg-Mg system was applied for the industrial wastewater treatment, from an industrial park that covers different activities such as: food, automotive, pharmaceutical, chemistry and cosmetics, after primary clarification. The effects of major operating parameters such as pH, reaction time, and current density were investigated for chemical oxygen demand (COD), color, and turbidity removal efficiency. The batch system was found convenient, achieving 63.52% COD, 96% color, and 99.32% turbidity removal at optimized operating conditions of pH 7.12, reaction time of 75 min, and current density of 201.5 A/m2. On the other hand, for continuous EC, the process removed approximately 46.58%, 95.96%, and 87.19% of the COD, color, and turbidity respectively, at 90 min of retention time, current density 440 A/m2, and a rate of 20 mL/min. Additionally, concerning nutrient removal (N and P), the EC system with Mg electrodes was highly efficient; batch treatment removed 97% of total phosphorus and 67% of ammoniacal nitrogen, whereas the continuous treatment removed 98.5% of total phosphorus and 83% of ammoniacal nitrogen. The sludge characterization before and after EC treatment was made by SEM, EDS, Fluorescence spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy. Minerals such as chlorite, crossite, richterite, pyroaurite, langbeinite as weel as aliphatic and polysubstituted aromatics compounds, sulfates and phosphates inorganic ions, and organic phosphorus were reduced. The energy cost in the batch EC is US$0.05/m3. A numerical CFD model was used to estimate the velocity fields and guarantee the presence of turbulent kinetic energy within a continuous flow reactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perla Fabiola Carmona-Carmona
- Instituto Interamericano de Tecnología y Ciencias del Agua (IITCA), Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Unidad San Cayetano, Toluca, Estado de México, México
| | - Ivonne Linares-Hernández
- Instituto Interamericano de Tecnología y Ciencias del Agua (IITCA), Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Unidad San Cayetano, Toluca, Estado de México, México
| | | | - Boris Miguel López-Rebollar
- Instituto Interamericano de Tecnología y Ciencias del Agua (IITCA), Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Unidad San Cayetano, Toluca, Estado de México, México
| | - Carolina Álvarez-Bastida
- Instituto Interamericano de Tecnología y Ciencias del Agua (IITCA), Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Unidad San Cayetano, Toluca, Estado de México, México
| | - Miroslava de Los Angeles Mier-Quiroga
- Instituto Interamericano de Tecnología y Ciencias del Agua (IITCA), Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Unidad San Cayetano, Toluca, Estado de México, México
| | - Guadalupe Vázquez-Mejía
- Instituto Interamericano de Tecnología y Ciencias del Agua (IITCA), Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Unidad San Cayetano, Toluca, Estado de México, México
| | - Verónica Martínez-Miranda
- Instituto Interamericano de Tecnología y Ciencias del Agua (IITCA), Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Unidad San Cayetano, Toluca, Estado de México, México
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Yu YH, Su JF, Shih Y, Wang J, Wang PY, Huang CP. Hazardous wastes treatment technologies. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2020; 92:1833-1860. [PMID: 32866315 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A review of the literature published in 2019 on topics related to hazardous waste management in water, soils, sediments, and air. The review covered treatment technologies applying physical, chemical, and biological principles for the remediation of contaminated water, soils, sediments, and air. PRACTICAL POINTS: This report provides a review of technologies for the management of waters, wastewaters, air, sediments, and soils contaminated by various hazardous chemicals including inorganic (e.g., oxyanions, salts, and heavy metals), organic (e.g., halogenated, pharmaceuticals and personal care products, pesticides, and persistent organic chemicals) in three scientific areas of physical, chemical, and biological methods. Physical methods for the management of hazardous wastes including general adsorption, sand filtration, coagulation/flocculation, electrodialysis, electrokinetics, electro-sorption ( capacitive deionization, CDI), membrane (RO, NF, MF), photocatalysis, photoelectrochemical oxidation, sonochemical, non-thermal plasma, supercritical fluid, electrochemical oxidation, and electrochemical reduction processes were reviewed. Chemical methods including ozone-based, hydrogen peroxide-based, potassium permanganate processes, and Fenton and Fenton-like process were reviewed. Biological methods such as aerobic, anoxic, anaerobic, bioreactors, constructed wetlands, soil bioremediation and biofilter processes for the management of hazardous wastes, in mode of consortium and pure culture were reviewed. Case histories were reviewed in four areas including contaminated sediments, contaminated soils, mixed industrial solid wastes and radioactive wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Han Yu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Jenn Fang Su
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tamkang University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yujen Shih
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Essngineering, National Sun yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jianmin Wang
- Department of Civil Architectural and Environmental Engineering, Missouri University of Science & Technology, Rolla, Missouri
| | - Po Yen Wang
- Department of Civil Engineering, Widener University, Chester, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Chin Pao Huang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
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29
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Jin X, Xie X, Liu Y, Wang Y, Wang R, Jin P, Yang C, Shi X, Wang XC, Xu H. The role of synergistic effects between ozone and coagulants (SOC) in the electro-hybrid ozonation-coagulation process. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 177:115800. [PMID: 32315900 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.115800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In order to improve the dissolved organic matter removal efficiency, an electro-hybrid ozonation-coagulation (E-HOC) system was developed in this study, in which the electro-coagulation (EC) and ozonation occurred simultaneously in one integrated unit. Higher removal efficiency was observed for the E-HOC process compared with those of EC, ozonation and pre-ozonation-EC process for the treatment of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent and ibuprofen (IBP). 58.6% dissolved organic carbon (DOC) removal efficiency was achieved in the E-HOC process for the treatment of WWTP effluent at optimal operational condition (current density 15 mA/cm2, initial pH 5 and ozone dosage 1.5 mg O3/mg DOC). Based on the reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection and reactions on the electrodes, the synergistic effects between ozone and coagulants (SOC) were found to be involved in the E-HOC process. According to pseudo-first-order rate constant analyses, the contribution of five possible organic removal pathways was quantified. It was revealed that the peroxone and SOC effects exhibited almost equal contribution to IBP removal at initial pH 5 under different current densities, both of which played the dominant role in the E-HOC process. However, the contribution of the SOC effects decreased significantly when the initial pH increased to 7 and 9. As an important pathway for organic removal in the E-HOC process at initial pH 5, the mechanism of the SOC effects was analysed at initial pH 5. It was revealed the SOC effects can further improve hydroxyl radicals (•OH) generation, and the surface hydroxyl groups of the hydrolysed Al species generated from anode electrolysis were determined to be the active sites to generate ROS in the SOC effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jin
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Xinyue Xie
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Yuguo Liu
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Pengkang Jin
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China.
| | - Chao Yang
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Xuan Shi
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Xiaochang C Wang
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Huining Xu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
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30
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Takabe Y, Ota N, Fujiyama M, Okayasu Y, Yamasaki Y, Minamiyama M. Utilisation of polarity inversion for phosphorus recovery in electrochemical precipitation with anaerobic digestion effluent. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 706:136090. [PMID: 31862599 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus is a non-replaceable and limited resource, whose future drought is a matter of concern. Its recovery from wastewater has gained attention as a method of making the recovered phosphorus available for beneficial use. This study applied electrolysis with a platinum-coated titanium electrode to an actual anaerobic digestion effluent and investigated the phosphorus removal and precipitation characteristics with various current values. The separation of the phosphorus precipitate from the sludge residue and the usefulness of the polarity inversion to recover the phosphorus precipitate were evaluated. The availability of the recovered precipitate as a fertiliser was also demonstrated. The anaerobic digestion effluent after the centrifugal dehydration process with a coagulant was collected from a wastewater treatment plant. Phosphorus was precipitated as a form of calcium phosphate, including hydroxyapatite, which was confirmed by X-ray diffraction. The generated gases from the electrodes during the electrolysis floated and condensed the sludge residue, leading to successful separation of the phosphorus precipitate from the sludge residue. The polarity inversion successfully detached the phosphorus precipitate from the electrode, and at least 3 min polarity inversion was enough to detach the whole phosphorus precipitate. The submerging phosphorus precipitate contained abundant phosphorus (12.6%), in which citric-acid-soluble phosphorus accounted for 94.4%, and the utilisation of the precipitate as a slow-release phosphorus fertiliser was suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yugo Takabe
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 6808552, Japan.
| | - Naoki Ota
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 6808552, Japan
| | - Masaya Fujiyama
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 6808552, Japan
| | - Yuji Okayasu
- Materials and Resources Research Group, Innovative Materials and Resources Research Center, Public Works Research Institute, 1-6 Minamihara, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058516, Japan
| | - Yukiyo Yamasaki
- Materials and Resources Research Group, Innovative Materials and Resources Research Center, Public Works Research Institute, 1-6 Minamihara, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058516, Japan
| | - Mizuhiko Minamiyama
- Materials and Resources Research Group, Innovative Materials and Resources Research Center, Public Works Research Institute, 1-6 Minamihara, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058516, Japan
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31
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Syam Babu D, Anantha Singh TS, Nidheesh PV, Suresh Kumar M. Industrial wastewater treatment by electrocoagulation process. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2019.1671866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Syam Babu
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - T. S. Anantha Singh
- Department of Civil Engineering, School of Technology, Pandit Deenadayal Petroleum University, Gujarat, India
| | - P. V. Nidheesh
- Environmental Impact and Sustainability Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, India
| | - M. Suresh Kumar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Environmental Impact and Sustainability Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, India
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32
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Wang J, Shih Y, Wang PY, Yu YH, Su JF, Huang CP. Hazardous waste treatment technologies. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2019; 91:1177-1198. [PMID: 31433896 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This is a review of the literature published in 2018 on topics related to hazardous waste management in water, soils, sediments, and air. The review covers treatment technologies applying physical, chemical, and biological principles for contaminated water, soils, sediments, and air. PRACTITIONER POINTS: The management of waters, wastewaters, and soils contaminated by various hazardous chemicals including inorganic (e.g., oxyanions, salts, and heavy metals), organic (e.g., halogenated, pharmaceuticals and personal care products, pesticides, and persistent organic chemicals) was reviewed according to the technology applied, namely, physical, chemical and biological methods. Physical methods for the management of hazardous wastes including adsorption, coagulation (conventional and electrochemical), sand filtration, electrosorption (or CDI), electrodialysis, electrokinetics, membrane (RO, NF, MF), photocatalysis, photoelectrochemical oxidation, sonochemical, non-thermal plasma, supercritical fluid, electrochemical oxidation, and electrochemical reduction processes were reviewed. Chemical methods including ozone-based, hydrogen peroxide-based, persulfate-based, Fenton and Fenton-like, and potassium permanganate processes for the management of hazardous were reviewed. Biological methods such as aerobic, anaerobic, bioreactor, constructed wetlands, soil bioremediation and biofilter processes for the management of hazardous wastes, in mode of consortium and pure culture were reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmin Wang
- Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering, Missouri University of Science & Technology, Rolla, Missouri
| | - Yujen Shih
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Po Yen Wang
- Department of Civil Engineering, Weidner University, Chester, Pennsylvania
| | - Yu Han Yu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware
| | - Jenn Fang Su
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware
| | - Chin-Pao Huang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware
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33
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Functionalized Poly(arylene ether nitrile) Porous Membrane with High Pb(II) Adsorption Performance. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11091412. [PMID: 31466270 PMCID: PMC6780394 DOI: 10.3390/polym11091412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Porous materials with high specific surface area possess a broad application prospect in the treatment of wastewater. In this work, sulfonated poly(arylene ether nitrile) (SPEN) functionalized with a carboxylic acid group was successfully synthesized, which was subsequently transformed into SPEN porous membranes with cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) as pore-forming agents to study the adsorption performance for lead ions in aqueous solution. Then, experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of pH, contact time and initial solution concentration on the adsorption performance of porous membranes, and the adsorption capacities of porous membranes with different content (0, 5 and 15 wt %) of CTAB were 183.60, 161.73 and 127.43 mg/g, respectively, which manifested that the adsorption capacity decreased with the increase of CTAB. The adsorption capacities of porous membranes increased with the increase of the initial concentration of lead ions, and the maximum reached was 246.96 mg/g. The simulation of adsorption kinetics revealed that the adsorption was accorded with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir equation, indicating that the adsorption process followed Langmuir monolayer adsorption. Thermogravimetric analysis demonstrated that the porous membranes had excellent thermodynamic properties both before and after adsorption. In addition, the change of adsorption peak in the Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) spectrum indicated that the absorption performance of porous membranes for lead ions benefited from the chelation between lead ions and the carboxylic acid group on SPEN. Moreover, the porous membranes maintained excellent adsorption properties after circulating five times under the conditions of acidic or alkaline, and the cycle regeneration effect was outstanding.
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