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Pegu R, Prakash A, Borah P, Paul S, Bhattacharya SS. Unveiling the earthworm-associated preferential remediation of emerging organic pollutants and heavy metals in MSW-based vermicomposting systems: Insights through the lens of multivariate techniques and novel empirical models. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 363:142782. [PMID: 38972460 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Studies on the efficacies of vermicomposting and composting in countering the toxic impacts of pollutant cocktails in municipal solid waste (MSW) are scarce. Moreover, further research is needed to explore earthworms' remediation preferences for various pollutants in heterogeneous vermicomposting feedstocks, such as MSW. Therefore, removal dynamics of pesticides (chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin, and carbofuran), pharmaceuticals (diclofenac and carbamazepine), and heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Cu, and Mn) in MSW-based vermicomposting (Eisenia fetida and Eudrilus eugeniae) and composting systems were evaluated through multivariate analytical techniques (principal component (PCA) and multi-factor (MFA)) on the R-platform. Both earthworms satisfactorily increased their population and augmented NPK (nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium) availability, cation exchange, microbial biomass C&N, and their metabolic activity 2-3 folds more than composting, accompanied by a 3-4 folds reduction of organic C, pH, and bulk density. Correspondingly, heavy metals, pesticides, and pharmaceuticals decreased by 8-10-folds via earthworm's significant pollutant removal efficiencies that subsided MSW-driven ecological risks by 60-90%. PCA and MFA revealed that N, P, and K-availability, organic C, and microbial activity were the indicative attributes for heavy metal and emerging organic micropollutant (EOMP)-removal during biocomposting; however, earthworms remove pesticides faster than pharmaceuticals and heavy metals. PCA-based novel empirical models demonstrated that in MSW-only feedstock, earthworm-mediated pollutant detoxification followed the order of pesticides > pharmaceuticals > heavy metals. However, in MSW combined with cow dung (1:1 ratio) feedstock, the detoxification order shifted to pharmaceuticals > heavy metals > pesticides. Therefore, this study provides fresh insights into pollutant-focused feedstock optimization for vermicomposting through model-based approaches, advancing the eco-friendly valorization of toxic MSW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratul Pegu
- Soil and Agro Bio-engineering Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur Central University, Napam, Tezpur - 784028, Assam, India
| | - Amit Prakash
- Environmental Modeling Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur Central University, Napam, Tezpur - 784028, Assam, India
| | - Preyashi Borah
- Soil and Agro Bio-engineering Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur Central University, Napam, Tezpur - 784028, Assam, India
| | - Sarmistha Paul
- Soil and Agro Bio-engineering Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur Central University, Napam, Tezpur - 784028, Assam, India; Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Visva Bharati University, Santiniketan, Bolpur, Birbhum, West Bengal - 731235, India
| | - Satya Sundar Bhattacharya
- Soil and Agro Bio-engineering Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur Central University, Napam, Tezpur - 784028, Assam, India.
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Ladumor R, Pandya H, Thakkar M, Mehta D, Paithankar P, Alfarraj S, Ansari MJ, Pandya P, Yadav VK, Sahoo DK, Patel A. Environmentally relevant concentrations of nickel and imidacloprid induce reproductive toxicity in earthworm (Eisenia fetida fetida). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 283:109964. [PMID: 38885748 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
The current research investigates individual and combined toxicity effects of nickel (Ni) and imidacloprid (IMI) on earthworm species Eisenia fetida fetida. Employing standardized toxicity parameters, we assessed the impact of environmentally relevant concentrations (ERC) of Ni, IMI, and their mixtures on key biomarkers and reproductive fitness of earthworms. Our findings reveal concentration-dependent responses with discernible adverse effects on physiological parameters. The ERC obtained for Ni was 0.095 ppm, and for imidacloprid was 0.01 ppm. Two concentrations (ERC and 1/5th) of both toxicants (individually and in combinations) were further given for 14 days, and parameters like avoidance behaviour, antioxidants, histology, and metabolomic profile were observed. The behaviour of earthworms was noted, where at 24-48 h, it was found to be in control soil, while later, at 72-96 h, they migrated to toxicants-treated soil. Levels of antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, catalase, reduced glutathione, ascorbic acid), lipid peroxidation, and lactate dehydrogenase were elevated in the testis, spermatheca, ovary, and prostate gland in a high concentration of Ni + IMI. Histological studies showed more vacuolization and disruption of epithelium that was increased in the prostate gland of the Ni + IMI high group, decreased number of spermatids, and damaged cell architecture was noted in testis and spermatheca of the Ni + IMI high group. The highest number of metabolites was found in Ni exposed group (181), followed by IMI (131) and Control (125). Thus, this study sheds light on the ecotoxicological effects of combinational exposure of these contaminants on an essential soil-dwelling organism, where IMI was more toxic than Ni, and both toxicants decreased earthworm reproductive fecundity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Ladumor
- TREE lab, Department of Biomedical and Life Sciences, School of Science, Navrachana University, Vadodara, Gujarat 391410, India
| | - Helly Pandya
- TREE lab, Department of Biomedical and Life Sciences, School of Science, Navrachana University, Vadodara, Gujarat 391410, India
| | - Mansi Thakkar
- TREE lab, Department of Biomedical and Life Sciences, School of Science, Navrachana University, Vadodara, Gujarat 391410, India
| | - Drashti Mehta
- TREE lab, Department of Biomedical and Life Sciences, School of Science, Navrachana University, Vadodara, Gujarat 391410, India
| | - Priya Paithankar
- TREE lab, Department of Biomedical and Life Sciences, School of Science, Navrachana University, Vadodara, Gujarat 391410, India
| | - Saleh Alfarraj
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Javed Ansari
- Department of Botany, Hindu College Moradabad (Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Rohilkhand University Bareilly), 244001, India
| | - Parth Pandya
- TREE lab, Department of Biomedical and Life Sciences, School of Science, Navrachana University, Vadodara, Gujarat 391410, India.
| | - Virendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Life Sciences, Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University, Patan 384265, Gujarat, India.
| | - Dipak Kumar Sahoo
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
| | - Ashish Patel
- Department of Life Sciences, Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University, Patan 384265, Gujarat, India.
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Bai J, Chen L, Deng Y, Wan J, Xiang G, Chen H, Duan R, Zheng Y. Combined transcriptome and metabolome analysis reveals the toxic effects of antimony on the earthworm. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 283:116822. [PMID: 39096686 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
Antimony (Sb) poses a significant ecological threat. This study combines biochemical, pathological, transcriptome, and metabolome analyses to assess the short-term (14-day) toxic impact of two Sb levels (25 mg/kg and 125 mg/kg) on earthworms (Eisenia fetida). Higher Sb concentration caused severe intestinal damage, elevated metallothionein (MT) levels, and reduced antioxidant capacity. Metabolome analysis identifies 404 and 1698 significantly differential metabolites in the two groups. Metabolites such as S(-)-cathinone, N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine, serotonin, 4-hydroxymandelonitrile, and 5-fluoropentylindole contributed to the metabolic responses to Sb stress. Transcriptome analysis shows increased chitin synthesis as a protective response, impacting amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism for cell wall synthesis and damage repair. Integrated analysis indicated that 5 metabolite-gene pairs were found in two Sb levels and 11 enriched pathways were related to signal transduction, carbohydrate metabolism, immune system, amino acid metabolism, digestive system, and nervous system. Therefore, the integration of multiomics approaches enhanced our comprehension of the molecular mechanisms underlying the toxicity of Sb in E. fetida.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Bai
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi 417000, China; Development and Utilization and Quality and Safety Control of Characteristic Agricultural Resources in Central Hunan, Loudi 417000, China.
| | - Linyu Chen
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi 417000, China
| | - Yuyang Deng
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi 417000, China
| | - Juan Wan
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi 417000, China
| | - Guohong Xiang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi 417000, China; Development and Utilization and Quality and Safety Control of Characteristic Agricultural Resources in Central Hunan, Loudi 417000, China
| | - Huayi Chen
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Renyan Duan
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi 417000, China; Development and Utilization and Quality and Safety Control of Characteristic Agricultural Resources in Central Hunan, Loudi 417000, China
| | - Yu Zheng
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi 417000, China; Development and Utilization and Quality and Safety Control of Characteristic Agricultural Resources in Central Hunan, Loudi 417000, China.
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Xu B, Chu T, Zhang R, Yang R, Zhu M, Guo F, Zan S. Earthworm gut bacteria facilitate cadmium immobilization through the formation of CdS nanoparticles. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 361:142453. [PMID: 38821127 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Gut bacteria of earthworm Amynthas hupeiensis exhibit significant potential for the in-situ remediation of cadmium (Cd)-contaminated soil. However, the mechanisms by which these gut bacteria immobilize and tolerate Cd remain elusive. The composition of the gut bacterial community was characterized by high-throughput sequencing. Cd-tolerant bacteria were isolated from the gut, and their roles in Cd immobilization, as well as their tolerance mechanisms, were explored through chemical characterization and transcriptome analysis. The predominant taxa in the gut bacterial community included unclassified Enterobacteriaceae, Citrobacter, and Bacillus, which were distinctly different from those in the surrounding soil. Notably, the most Cd-tolerant gut bacterium, Citrobacter freundii DS strain, immobilized 63.61% of Cd2+ within 96 h through extracellular biosorption and intracellular bioaccumulation of biosynthetic CdS nanoparticles, and modulation of solution pH and NH4+ concentration. Moreover, the characteristic signals of CdS were also observed in the gut content of A. hupeiensis when the sterilized Cd-contaminated soil was inoculated with C. freundii. The primary pathways involved in the response of C. freundii to Cd stress included the regulation of ABC transporters, bacterial chemotaxis, cell motility, oxidative phosphorylation, and two-component system. In conclusion, C. freundii facilitates Cd immobilization both in vitro and in vivo, thereby enhancing the host earthworm's adaptation to Cd-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Xu
- South Jiuhua Road No. 189, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China.
| | - Tingting Chu
- South Jiuhua Road No. 189, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China.
| | - Ranran Zhang
- South Jiuhua Road No. 189, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China.
| | - Ruyi Yang
- South Jiuhua Road No. 189, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China.
| | - Meng Zhu
- South Jiuhua Road No. 189, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China.
| | - Fuyu Guo
- South Jiuhua Road No. 189, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China.
| | - Shuting Zan
- South Jiuhua Road No. 189, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China.
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Zhang H, Zhou Q, Liu R, Zhao Z, Liu J, Siddique KHM, Mao H. Enhancing zinc biofortification and mitigating cadmium toxicity in soil-earthworm-spinach systems using different zinc sources. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 476:135243. [PMID: 39029182 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) pollution poses significant threats to soil organisms and human health by contaminating the food chain. This study aimed to assess the impact of various concentrations (50, 250, and 500 mg·kg-1) of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), bulk ZnO, and ZnSO4 on morphological changes and toxic effects of Cd in the presence of earthworms and spinach. The results showed that Zn application markedly improved spinach growth parameters (such as fresh weight, plant height, root length, and root-specific surface area) and root morphology while significantly reducing Cd concentration and Cd bioconcentration factors (BCF-Cd) in spinach and earthworms, with ZnO NPs exhibiting the most pronounced effects. Earthworm, spinach root, and shoot Cd concentration decreased by 82.3 %, 77.0 %, and 75.6 %, respectively, compared to CK. Sequential-step extraction (BCR) analysis revealed a shift in soil Cd from stable to available forms, consistent with the available Cd (DTPA-Cd) results. All Zn treatments significantly reduced Cd accumulation, alleviated Cd-induced stress, and promoted spinach growth, with ZnO NPs demonstrating the highest Cd reduction and Zn bioaugmentation efficiencies compared to bulk ZnO and ZnSO4 at equivalent concentrations. Therefore, ZnO NPs offer a safer and more effective option for agricultural production and soil heavy metal pollution management than other Zn fertilizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyue Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qianqian Zhou
- Lanzhou Industry Research Institute, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, China
| | - Ruiyu Liu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zimo Zhao
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jinshan Liu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia
| | - Hui Mao
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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Alam M, Khan A, Zaman R, Khan S, Khan MA, Ahmad I, Jalal A, Kim KI. Vermi-remediation impacts on growth and metals bioaccumulation in tomato irrigated with wastewater. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 362:142848. [PMID: 39009091 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Due to their persistence in the environment, and their highly toxic and bioaccumulative nature, heavy metals are well known to the environment. Vermicompost has gained popularity because it improves soil properties and, most importantly, remediates and immobilizes heavy metals. The present study assessed vermicompost effects on heavy metal bioaccumulation in tomato plants irrigated with wastewater. A plastic bag experiment was carried out with 5 kg of growing media in each bag. Growing media contain garden soil with four levels of vermicompost mixed at 0%, 5%, 15%, and 25%. The pots were irrigated with wastewater from different industries and tap water, which was taken as control. Wastewater was collected from the pharmaceutical industry, plastic industry, and sewage water of Hayatabad Industrial Estate, Peshawar. Vermicompost application significantly affected all tomatoes' growth attributes and heavy metals concentration. Results revealed that minimum Cd (2.48 mg kg-1), Cr (1.27 mg kg-1), Cu (4.10 mg kg-1), and Pb (0.62 mg kg-1) concentrations were recorded in tomatoes cultivated in 25 % vermicompost amended soil, while, maximum Cd (5.23 mg kg-1), Cr (2.29 mg kg-1), Cu (8.84 mg kg-1) and Pb (2.18 mg kg-1) concentrations were reported in sewage water irrigated plants., Overall, vermicompost applied at 25% significantly enhanced plant growth and yield, reducing the bioavailability and bioaccumulation of heavy metals. From the finding of this study, it is observed that wastewater irrigation of plants should be avoided because of the high level of heavy metals; in contrast, the application of vermicompost is highly recommended as compost reduces heavy metals bioaccumulation and enhances productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehboob Alam
- Department of Horticulture, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Anwarzeb Khan
- Department of Environmental and Conservation Sciences, University of Swat, Swat, 19130, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan; Department of Horticultural Science, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, 58554, Republic of Korea.
| | - Rasheeqa Zaman
- Department of Horticulture, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Shahnawaz Khan
- Centre for Disaster Preparedness and Management, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | | | - Imran Ahmad
- Department of Horticulture, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Abdullah Jalal
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Ki In Kim
- Department of Horticultural Science, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, 58554, Republic of Korea
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Zhang Y, Huang C, Zhao J, Hu L, Yang L, Zhang Y, Sang W. Insights into tolerance mechanisms of earthworms (Eisenia fetida) in copper-contaminated soils by integrating multi-omics analyses. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:118910. [PMID: 38604487 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Earthworms can resist high levels of soil copper (Cu) contamination and play an essential role in absorbing them effectively. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying Cu tolerance in earthworms are poorly understood. To address this research gap, we studied alterations of Eisenia fetida in antioxidant enzymes, gut microbiota, metabolites, and genes under varying levels of Cu exposure soils (0, 67.58, 168.96, 337.92 mg/kg). Our results revealed a reduction in antioxidant enzyme activities across all treatment groups, indicating an adaptive response to alleviate Cu-induced oxidative stress. Analysis of gut microbiota revealed a significant increase in the abundance of bacteria associated with nutrient uptake and Cu2+ excretion under Cu stress. Furthermore, metabolomic analysis discovered an increase in certain metabolites associated with energy metabolism, such as pyruvic acid, L-malic acid, and fumaric acid, as Cu concentration escalated. These results suggested that enhanced energy supply contributes to the elevated tolerance of E. fetida towards Cu. Additionally, transcriptome analysis not only identified crucial detoxification genes (Hsp70, CTSL, GST, CHAC, and GCLC), but also confirmed the critical role of glutathione metabolism as a key pathway in E. fetida Cu detoxification processes. These findings provide a new perspective on the molecular mechanisms of Cu tolerance in earthworms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanliang Zhang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Chenyu Huang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jinqi Zhao
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Luyi Hu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Lan Yang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Beijing Milu Ecological Research Center, Beijing, 100076, China; Beijing Biodiversity Conservation Research Center, Beijing, 100076, China.
| | - Weiguo Sang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Li Y, Pan Y, Yin Y, Huang R. Integrating Transcriptomics and Proteomics to Characterize the Intestinal Responses to Cadmium Exposure Using a Piglet Model. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6474. [PMID: 38928180 PMCID: PMC11203886 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal element with a wide range of hazards and severe biotoxicity. Since Cd can be easily accumulated in the edible parts of plants, the exposure of humans to Cd is mainly through the intake of Cd-contaminated food. However, the intestinal responses to Cd exposure are not completely characterized. Herein, we simulated laboratory and environmental Cd exposure by feeding the piglets with CdCl2-added rice and Cd-contaminated rice (Cdcr) contained diet, as piglets show anatomical and physiological similarities to humans. Subsequent analysis of the metal element concentrations showed that exposure to the two types of Cd significantly increased Cd levels in piglets. After verifying the expression of major Cd transporters by Western blots, multi-omics further expanded the possible transporters of Cd and found Cd exposure causes wide alterations in the metabolism of piglets. Of significance, CdCl2 and Cdcr exhibited different body distribution and metabolic rewiring, and Cdcr had stronger carcinogenic and diabetes-inducing potential. Together, our results indicate that CdCl2 had a significant difference compared with Cdcr, which has important implications for a more intense study of Cd toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yikun Li
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Yiling Pan
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Ruilin Huang
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
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Chen L, Bai J, Wan J, Song Y, Xiang G, Duan R, Zheng Y. Endocrine system, cell growth and death, and energy metabolism induced by Sb(III) exposure in earthworm (Pheretima guillemi) revealed by transcriptome and metabolome analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 356:124357. [PMID: 38866316 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Antimony (Sb) is known for its severe and extensive toxicity, and earthworms are considered important indicator organisms in soil ecosystems. Therefore, the present study investigated the mechanism of toxicity of the Sb at different concentrations (50, 200 mg/kg) on earthworms using biochemical indicators, pathological sections, as well as metabolomics and transcriptomics analyses. The results showed that as the exposure concentration increased, both the antioxidant system of earthworms, extent of intestinal damage, and their metabolomic characteristics were significantly enhanced. In the 50 and 200 mg/kg Sb treatment group, 30 and 177 significant differentially changed metabolites (DCMs) were identified, respectively, with the most DCMs being down- and up-regulated, respectively. Metabolomics analysis showed that the contents of dl-tryptophan, glutamic acid, glycine, isoleucine, l-methionine, involved in the protein digestion and absorption as well as aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis were significantly up-regulated under the 200 mg/kg treatment. At the transcriptional level, Sb mainly affected the immune system, nervous system, amino acid metabolism, endocrine system, and carbohydrate metabolism in earthworms. The integration of transcriptomic and metabolomic data indicated that high doses of Sb regulated the metabolites and genes related to the oxidative phosphorylation pathway in earthworms. Overall, these results revealed global responses beyond the scope of conventional toxicity endpoints and facilitated a more in-depth and comprehensive assessment of the toxic effects of Sb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyu Chen
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi, 417000, China
| | - Jing Bai
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi, 417000, China; Development and Utilization and Quality and Safety Control of Characteristic Agricultural Resources in Central Hunan, Loudi, 417000, China.
| | - Juan Wan
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi, 417000, China
| | - Ying Song
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi, 417000, China; Development and Utilization and Quality and Safety Control of Characteristic Agricultural Resources in Central Hunan, Loudi, 417000, China
| | - Guohong Xiang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi, 417000, China; Development and Utilization and Quality and Safety Control of Characteristic Agricultural Resources in Central Hunan, Loudi, 417000, China
| | - Renyan Duan
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi, 417000, China; Development and Utilization and Quality and Safety Control of Characteristic Agricultural Resources in Central Hunan, Loudi, 417000, China
| | - Yu Zheng
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi, 417000, China; Development and Utilization and Quality and Safety Control of Characteristic Agricultural Resources in Central Hunan, Loudi, 417000, China
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Wu S, An X, Wang D, Cao C, Wang Q, Wang Y. Co-exposure to deltamethrin and cyazofamid: variations in enzyme activity and gene transcription in the earthworm (Eisenia fetida). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:29174-29184. [PMID: 38568309 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33146-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Pesticide formulations are typically applied as mixtures, and their synergistic effects can increase toxicity to the organisms in the environment. Despite pesticide mixtures being the leading cause of pesticide exposure incidents, little attention has been given to assessing their combined toxicity and interactions. This survey purposed to reveal the cumulative toxic effects of deltamethrin (DEL) and cyazofamid (CYA) on earthworms (Eisenia fetida) by examining multiple endpoints. Our findings revealed that the LC50 values of DEL for E. fetida, following 7- and 14-day exposures, ranged from 887.7 (728-1095) to 1552 (1226-2298) mg kg-1, while those of CYA ranged from 316.8 (246.2-489.4) to 483.2 (326.1-1202) mg kg-1. The combinations of DEL and CYA induced synergistic influences on the organisms. The contents of Cu/Zn-SOD and CarE showed significant variations when exposed to DEL, CYA, and their combinations compared to the untreated group. Furthermore, the mixture administration resulted in more pronounced alterations in the expression of five genes (hsp70, tctp, gst, mt, and crt) associated with cellular stress, carcinogenesis, detoxification, and endoplasmic reticulum compared to single exposures. In conclusion, our comprehensive findings provided detailed insights into the cumulative toxic effects of chemical mixtures across miscellaneous endpoints and concentration ranges. These results underscored the importance of considering mixture administration during ecological risk evaluations of chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenggan Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuehua An
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dou Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chong Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China.
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11
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Charan K, Bhattacharyya P, Bhattacharya SS. Vermitechnology transforms hazardous red mud into benign organic input for agriculture: Insights on earthworm-microbe interaction, metal removal, and soil-crop improvement. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 354:120320. [PMID: 38377754 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Bioremediation of hazardous bauxite residues, red mud (RM), through vermicomposting has yet to be attempted. Therefore, the valorization potential of Eisenia fetida in various RM and cow dung (CD) mixtures was compared to aerobic composting. Earthworm fecundity and biomass growth were hindered in RM + CD (1:1) feedstock but enhanced in RM + CD (1:3). The pH of highly alkaline RM-feedstocks sharply reduced (>17%) due to vermicomposting. N, P, and K availability increased dramatically with Ca and Na reduction under vermicomposting. Additionally, ∼40-60% bioavailable metal fractions were transformed to obstinate (organic matter and residual bound) forms upon vermicomposting. Consequently, the total metal concentrations were significantly reduced with considerably high earthworm bioaccumulation. Microbial growth and enzyme activity were more significant under vermicomposting than composting. Correlation statistics revealed that microbial augmentation significantly facilitated a metal reduction in RM-vermibeds. Eventually, RM-vermicompost stimulated sesame growth and improved soil health with the least heavy metal contamination to soil and crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasturi Charan
- Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Giridih, 815301, Jharkhand, India
| | - Pradip Bhattacharyya
- Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Giridih, 815301, Jharkhand, India.
| | - Satya Sundar Bhattacharya
- Soil and Agro Bio-engineering Lab, Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Tezpur, 784 028, India.
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12
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Aigner GP, Peer V, Fiechtner B, Piechnik CA, Höckner M. Wound healing and Cadmium detoxification in the earthworm Lumbricus terrestris - a potential case for coelomocytes? Front Immunol 2023; 14:1272191. [PMID: 38116011 PMCID: PMC10728717 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1272191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Earthworms are affected by physical stress, like injury, and by exposure to xenobiotics, such as the toxic metal cadmium (Cd), which enters the environment mainly through industry and agriculture. The stress response to the single and the combination of both stressors was examined in regenerative and unharmed tissue of Lumbricus terrestris to reveal if the stress response to a natural insult like injury (amputation) interferes with Cd detoxification mechanisms. We characterized the roles of metallothionein 1 (MT1) and MT2 isoforms, heat shock protein 70 as well as immune biomarkers such as the toll-like receptors (TLR) single cysteine cluster TLR and multiple cysteine cluster TLR. The role of the activated transcription factors (ATFs) ATF2, ATF7, and the cAMP responsive element binding protein as putative regulatory intersection as well as a stress-dependent change of the essential trace elements zinc and calcium was analyzed. Phosphorylated AMP activated protein kinase, the cellular energy sensor, was measured to explore the energy demand, while the energy status was determined by detecting carbohydrate and protein levels. Taken together, we were able to show that injury rather than Cd is the driving force that separates the four treatment groups - Control, Cd exposure, Injury, Cd exposure and injury. Interestingly, we found that gene expression differed regarding the tissue section that was analyzed and we hypothesize that this is due to the migration of coelomocytes, earthworm immune cells, that take over a key role in protecting the organism from a variety of environmental challenges. Surprisingly, we discovered a role for MT1 in the response to multiple stressors and an isoform-specific function for the two newly characterized TLRs. In conclusion, we gathered novel information on the relation of innate immunity, wound healing, and Cd detoxification mechanisms in earthworms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Martina Höckner
- Department of Zoology, Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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13
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Hou Z, Mo F, Zhou Q. Elucidating response mechanisms at the metabolic scale of Eisenia fetida in typical oil pollution sites: A native driver in influencing carbon flow. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 337:122545. [PMID: 37716696 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Previous investigations on the stress response patterns of earthworms (Eisenia fetida) in practical petroleum hydrocarbon (PH) contamination systems were less focused. Therefore, this study investigated the ecotoxicological effect of PH contamination on earthworms based on metabonomics and histological observation, followed by correlation analysis between the earthworm metabolism, PH types and concentrations, soil physicochemical characteristics, and the microbial community structures (i.e., diversity and abundance) and functions. The results showed that due to the abundant PH organics, the cell metabolism of earthworms shifts under PH contamination conditions, leading them to use organic acids as alternative energy sources (i.e., gluconeogenesis pathway). Simultaneously, biomarker metabolites related to cellular uptake, stress response, and membrane disturbance were identified. In addition, when compared to the controls, considerable epicuticle and cuticle layer disruption was observed, along with PH internalization. It was demonstrated that PH pollution preferentially influences the physiological homeostasis of earthworms through indirect (i.e., microbial metabolism regulation) than direct (i.e., direct interaction with earthworms) mechanisms. Moreover, the varied CO2 releasement was verified, which highlights the potential role of earthworms in influencing carbon transformation and corresponds with the considerably enriched energy metabolism-related pathway. This study indicated that PH contamination can induce a strong stress response in earthworms through both direct and indirect mechanisms, which in turn, substantially influences carbon transformation in PH contamination sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zelin Hou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, Carbon Neutrality Interdisciplinary Science Centre/College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Fan Mo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, Carbon Neutrality Interdisciplinary Science Centre/College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Qixing Zhou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, Carbon Neutrality Interdisciplinary Science Centre/College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
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14
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Vidane Arachchige Chamila Samarasinghe S, Krishnan K, John Aitken R, Naidu R, Megharaj M. Multigenerational effects of TiO 2 rutile nanoparticles on earthworms. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 336:122376. [PMID: 37586686 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles have gained considerable attention as one of the pollutants released into the environment through consumer products. This study describes the sub-chronic and generational effects of TiO2 (rutile) nanoparticles on earthworms over a 252-day duration, with exposure ranging from 0.1 to 1000 mg kg-1. Results indicate that sub-chronic exposure (28 days) of TiO2 nanoparticles did not cause notable adverse effects on the weight, reproduction, and tissue accumulation in parent earthworms. However, the F1 generation displayed remarkable growth and maturity retardation during their early developmental stages, even at lower nano-TiO2 (rutile). Significant impacts on the reproduction of the F1 generation were observed solely at the highest concentration (1000 mg kg-1), which is predicted to be below the highest exposure scenario. Moreover, long-term (252 days) exposure resulted in considerable bioaccumulation of Ti metal in the F1 generation of E. fetida. This study uncovers the negative effects of TiO2 rutile nanoparticles on earthworms across two generations, with pronounced effects on the growth, maturity, and bioaccumulation in the F1 generation compared to the parent generation. These findings suggest the potential induction of toxic effects by TiO2 rutile nanoparticles, emphasizing the sensitivity of juvenile parameters over adult parameters in toxicity assessments. Furthermore, the study highlights the urgent need for comprehensive evaluations of the longer-term toxicity of nanoparticles on terrestrial organisms. Implementing multigenerational studies will contribute significantly to a better understanding of nanoparticle ecotoxicity on environmental organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samarasinghe Vidane Arachchige Chamila Samarasinghe
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), University of Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia; Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Kannan Krishnan
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Robert John Aitken
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Ravi Naidu
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), University of Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Mallavarapu Megharaj
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), University of Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia.
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15
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Jing L, Kakati LN, Ao B, Kiewhuo P. Augmentation of plant biomass productivity using epigeic earthworm Perionyx excavatus and Eisenia fetida as soil nutrient facilitators. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18648. [PMID: 37903848 PMCID: PMC10616193 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45288-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
With the increasing demand for organic food production, the earthworm is used as a soil nutrient facilitator. The present study was conducted to assess the effect of epigeic earthworms Perionyx excavatus and Eisenia. fetida on soil nutrients and the consequent improvement of biomass productivity and yield of Capsicum chinense Jacq and Zea mays L. The experiment was conducted in 5 L and 15 L capacity plastic pots for C. chinense and Z. mays with 150 g and 300 g of half-decomposed cow dung, respectively. It was observed that the weekly harvest rate of ripened chili was 17.59 g, 13.91 g, and 9.24 g in P. excavatus, control, and E. fetida pot showing 26.49% higher in P. excavatus. Also, the total kernel count per corn was significantly different (F(2, 9) = 37.78, p < 0.05), with the highest kernel present in P. excavatus(333.5 ± 13.5), followed by E. fetida(261.5 ± 16.5) and control (235 ± 22). The impact of P. excavatus was more perceptible in C. chinense, indicated by higher leaf biomass (69.16%), root length (30.14%), and fruit harvest (71.03%). However, the effect of E. fetida was noticed more in Z. mays (stem length, 19.24%, stem biomass, 14.39%, root biomass, 20.9%, kernel count, 41.91%, and kernel weight, 95.07%). Enhanced plant productivity was also supported by an increasing soil nutrient turnover in organic carbon (OC) (25.76% and 23.4%), Phosphorus (P) (31.03% and 25.67%), and Potassium (K) (41.67% and 12.26) in P. excavatus and E. fetida worked soil respectively. The findings indicate that earthworms have a notable impact on plant biomass productivity by promoting the mineralization of soil nutrients and imply on possibility of organic cultivation of seasonal vegetables without using synthetic fertilizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lirikum Jing
- Department of Zoology, Don Bosco College, Kohima, Nagaland, India
- Department of Zoology, Nagaland University, Lumami, Zunheboto, Nagaland, India
| | - Lakhmi Nandan Kakati
- Faculty of Science, Assam Down Town University, Panikhaiti, Guwahati-26, Guwahati, Assam, India.
| | - Bendang Ao
- Department of Zoology, Nagaland University, Lumami, Zunheboto, Nagaland, India
| | - Patricia Kiewhuo
- Department of Zoology, Don Bosco College, Kohima, Nagaland, India
- Department of Zoology, Nagaland University, Lumami, Zunheboto, Nagaland, India
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16
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Xu Q, Shi Y, Ke L, Qian L, Zhou X, Shao X. Ciprofloxacin enhances cadmium toxicity to earthworm Eisenia fetida by altering the gut microorganism composition. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 333:122106. [PMID: 37364754 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The concurrent existence of cadmium (Cd) and ciprofloxacin (CIP) in agricultural soils is very common, but presents a challenge to soil organisms. As more attention has been paid to the effect of toxic metals on the migration of antibiotic resistance genes, the critical role of the gut microbiota in CIP-modifying Cd toxicity in earthworms remains unclear. In this study, Eisenia fetida was exposed to Cd and CIP alone or in combination at environmentally relevant concentrations. Cd and CIP accumulation in earthworm increased as their respective spiked concentrations increased. In fact, Cd accumulation increased by 39.7% when 1 mg/kg CIP was added; however, the addition of Cd did not affect CIP uptake. Compared with exposure to Cd alone, a greater ingestion of Cd following combined exposure to Cd and 1 mg/kg CIP resulted in greater oxidative stress and energy metabolism disturbances in earthworms. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) contents and apoptosis rate of coelomocytes were more sensitive to Cd than these biochemical indicators. In fact, 1 mg/kg Cd induced the derivation of ROS. Similarly, the toxicity of Cd (5 mg/kg) to coelomocytes was promoted by CIP (1 mg/kg), ROS content in coelomocytes and the apoptosis rate increased by 29.2% and 113.1%, respectively, due to increased Cd accumulation. Further investigation of the gut microorganisms revealed that the decreased abundance of Streptomyces strains (known as Cd accumulation taxa) could be a critical factor for enhanced Cd accumulation and greater Cd toxicity to earthworms following exposure to both Cd and CIP; this was because this microorganism group was eliminated by the simultaneous ingestion of CIP. This study stressed the role of gut microorganisms in altering the toxicity of Cd and CIP combined contamination in soil organisms. More attention should be paid to the ecological risks of such combined contamination in soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yajuan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Lingjie Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Li Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiuqing Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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17
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Floriano da Silva LC, Vinhas Ítavo LC, Martins Santos R, Brandão Ferreira Ítavo CC, Zirondi Longhini V, Menezes Dias A, dos Santos Difante G, Moreira Arcanjo AH, Santos Santana JC, Gurgel ALC, de Oliveira Scarpino van Cleef F. Urban sewage sludge stabilization by alkalization-composting-vermicomposting process: Crop-livestock residue use. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289362. [PMID: 37676872 PMCID: PMC10484420 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Waste management practices are vital for human health and the environment in a world where natural resources stress is expected to increase with the growth of population. Our study aimed to evaluate the potential use of crop-livestock residue as a bulking agent associated with the ideal level of hydrated lime for the stabilization and sanitization of urban sewage sludge through the alkalization-composting process. Therefore, we determined the alkalization efficiency on the heavy metal concentration in urban sewage sludge, quantified the viable eggs of helminths in pure and alkalized sludge, and measured the rate of earthworms (Eisenia fetida) surviving in the vermicomposting process using different levels of alkalized urban sewage sludge associated with crop-livestock residue. Four sequential trials were carried out in a completely randomized design with three replicates. The lime alkalization reduced the levels of Ba, As, Pb, Cu, Cr, Mo, Ni, and Zn compared to the pure urban sewage sludge. Using 30% w/w of lime in the urban sewage sludge (SS-30) for composting process reduced the viable helminth eggs by 71, 72, and 69% for sugarcane bagasse (Saccharum officinarum; SB), fresh chopped Napier-grass (Pennisetum purpureum; NG), and bovine ruminal content (BR), respectively. The ideal level of hydrated lime for stabilization and sanitization of urban sewage sludge was found to be 30%, which was able to reduce the heavy metals. The residues have the potential as a bulking agent for the composting of urban sewage sludge when associated with alkalization. The lime alkalization decreases the total number of helminth eggs and the number of viable eggs. The possibility of starting a vermicomposting using the mixtures is promising, evidenced by the earthworm survival in composting urban sewage sludge mixed with crop-livestock residues after 45 days of composting. The earthworm survival is maintained by an association of at least 80% of the crop-livestock residues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FAMEZ), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Brazil
| | | | | | - Vanessa Zirondi Longhini
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FAMEZ), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Menezes Dias
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FAMEZ), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Gelson dos Santos Difante
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FAMEZ), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Angelo Herbet Moreira Arcanjo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FAMEZ), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Juliana Caroline Santos Santana
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FAMEZ), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Brazil
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18
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Ahmadpour M, Wang W, Sinkakarimi MH, Ahmadpour M, Hosseini SH. Joint toxicity of cadmium and fenpyroximate on two earthworms: Interspecific differences, subcellular partitioning and biomarker responses. CHEMOSPHERE 2023:139329. [PMID: 37364643 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) and fenpyroximate are common soil contaminants found together in the field, but their combined toxicity to terrestrial invertebrates has not been studied. Therefore, earthworms Aporrectodea jassyensis and E. fetida were exposed into Cd (5, 10, 50 and 100 μg/g) and fenpyroximate (0.1, 0.5, 1, and 1.5 μg/g) and their mixture, and multiple biomarker responses (mortality, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant activity (TAC), lipid peroxidation (MDA), protein content, weight loss and subcellular partitioning) were determined to estimate health status and mixture effect. MDA, SOD, TAC, and weight loss were significantly correlated with Cd in total internal and debris (p < 0.01). Fenpyroximate altered the subcellular distribution of Cd. It appears that maintaining Cd in a non-toxic form was the earthworms' primary Cd detoxification strategy. CAT activity was inhibited by Cd, fenpyroximate, and their combined presence. BRI values for all treatments indicated a major and severe alteration in earthworm's health. The combined toxicity of Cd and fenpyroximate was greater than the toxicity of either substance alone. According to EAI, all combined treatments exhibited a clear antagonistic effect. In general, the sensitivity of A. jassyensis was greater than that of E. fetida.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mousa Ahmadpour
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jingsu, 210037, China
| | - Weifeng Wang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jingsu, 210037, China
| | - Mohammad Hosein Sinkakarimi
- Research Center for the Caspian Region, University of Mazandaran, CP: 47416-13534, Babolsar, Iran; Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Mazandaran, CP: 47416-13534, Babolsar, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Ahmadpour
- Research Center for the Caspian Region, University of Mazandaran, CP: 47416-13534, Babolsar, Iran; Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Mazandaran, CP: 47416-13534, Babolsar, Iran
| | - Seyed Hamid Hosseini
- Research Center for the Caspian Region, University of Mazandaran, CP: 47416-13534, Babolsar, Iran; College of Environmental and Resources Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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19
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Liu Y, Chen M, Mu X, Wang X, Zhang M, Yin Y, Wang K. Responses and detoxification mechanisms of earthworm Amynthas hupeiensis to metal contaminated soils of North China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 327:121584. [PMID: 37037277 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Metal contamination is widespread, but only a few studies have evaluated the toxicological risks of metals (Cd, Cu, and Pb) in earthworms from farmlands in North China (Hebei province). Amynthas hupeiensis, the dominant species in the study area, was used to determine the responses and detoxification mechanisms of uncontaminated (CK), and low (LM)-, and high (HM)-metal-contaminated soils following 7-, 14-, and 28-days exposure. Metal toxicity in LM and HM soils inhibited the biomass of A. hupeiensis. The concentrations of Cd in A. hupeiensis bodies indicated accumulated Cd appeared to remain steady with prolonged exposure, while Cu/Pb increased significantly with soil levels. Bioaccumulation occurred in the order Cd > Pb > Cu in LM soil, and in the order Cd > Cu ≈ Pb in HM soil, which was attributed to differences in available fractions between LM and HM soils. Physiological levels of biomarkers in A. hupeiensis were determined, including total protein (TP), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and malondialdehyde (MDA). Deviations in GSH, GPx, and AChE were considered to denote sensitive biomarkers using the IBRv2 index. Metabolomics data (1H nuclear magnetic resonance-based) revealed changes in metabolites following 28-days exposure to LM and HM soils. Differences in metabolism in A. hupeiensis following exposure to LM and HM were related to energy metabolism, amino acid biosynthesis, glycerophospholipid metabolism, inositol phosphate metabolism, and glutathione metabolism. Metal stress from LM and HM soils disturbed osmoregulation, resulting in oxidative stress, destruction of cell membranes and inflammation, and altered levels of amino acids required for energy by A. hupeiensis. These findings provide biochemical insights into the physiological and metabolic mechanisms underlying the ability of A. hupeiensis to resist metal stress, and for assessing the environmental risks of metal-contaminated soils in farmland in North China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Miaomiao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Xiaoquan Mu
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Xinru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Menghan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Yue Yin
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Kun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China.
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20
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Zhou Y, Russel M, Guo W, Zheng Z, Hu C, Li C, Li H. A green approach to copper biodetoxification and sustainable agriculture application by vermicomposting in pig manure. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 873:162329. [PMID: 36805068 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A green approach of copper (Cu) contaminated pig manure composting by earthworm Eisenia fetida was optimized. This work aims to assess the relationship between the bio-fertility properties and bioaccumulation of Cu during vermicomposting with five different doses of Cu. The optimal concentration of copper largely promoted the enrichment of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, but the biological activities of earthworms could be inhibited once the Cu concentration exceed the threshold. When the Cu doses at 300 mg kg-1, the nutrient recovery rate (Irecovery) of available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium reached their highest value, concomitant with largest C/N ratio reduced at 46.01 %. Moreover, nutrients recovery mechanism of total phosphorus increased up to 0.11 % h-1 and higher bioaccumulations in faces and intestine were detected by 1.79 and 0.99, respectively, during vermicomposting. The maximal enzyme activity rates (kmax) indicate that the enzyme activities, such as ROS and SOD, are sensitive bioindicators, which can be used to estimate the stress response of earthworms and Cu biotoxicity. The maximum specific growth rate (μmax) of the actinomycetes (TAct) increased gradually from 0.02 to 0.04 with the increase of Cu doses, but total fungi (TF) showed different response to μmax, which decreased firstly and then increased. It was demonstrated that Cu influenced the gut microbial community to vary the bio-fertility properties and bioaccumulation of Cu in the pig manure. All the findings refer that the vermicomposting could be the sustainable agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Quality Control of Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables, College of Life Sciences and Technology, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan 432000, PR China.
| | - Mohammad Russel
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Department of Environmental Ecological Engineering, Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning, Panjin 124221, PR China
| | - Wenwei Guo
- College of Culture and Tourism, Zhangzhou Institute of Technology, Zhangzhou 363000, PR China
| | - Zuhong Zheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Quality Control of Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables, College of Life Sciences and Technology, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan 432000, PR China
| | - Chao Hu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Quality Control of Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables, College of Life Sciences and Technology, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan 432000, PR China
| | - Changchun Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Quality Control of Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables, College of Life Sciences and Technology, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan 432000, PR China
| | - Huankai Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China.
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21
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Li L, Zhao W, Wang Y, Liu X, Jiang P, Luo L, Bi X, Meng X, Niu Q, Wu X, You T. Gold nanocluster-confined covalent organic frameworks as bifunctional probes for electrochemiluminescence and colorimetric dual-response sensing of Pb 2. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 457:131558. [PMID: 37269568 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The development of bifunctional signal probes based on a single component is highly desirable for sensitive and simple dual-mode detection of Pb2+. Here, novel gold nanocluster-confined covalent organic frameworks (AuNCs@COFs) were fabricated as a bisignal generator to enable electrochemiluminescence (ECL) and colorimetric dual-response sensing. AuNCs with both intrinsic ECL and peroxidase-like activity were confined into the ultrasmall pores of the COFs via an in situ growth method. On the one hand, the space-confinement effect of the COFs closed the ligand motion-induced nonradiative transition channels of the AuNCs. As a result, the AuNCs@COFs exhibited a 3.3-fold enhancement in anodic ECL efficiency compared to the solid-state aggregated AuNCs using triethylamine as the coreactant. On the other hand, due to the outstanding spatial dispersibility of the AuNCs in the structurally ordered COFs, a high density of active catalytic sites and accelerated electron transfer were obtained, leading to the promotion of the enzyme-like catalytic capacity of the composite. To validate its practical applicability, a Pb2+-triggered dual-response sensing system was proposed based on the aptamer-regulated ECL and peroxidase-like activity of the AuNCs@COFs. Sensitive determinations down to 7.9 pM for the ECL mode and 0.56 nM for the colorimetric mode were obtained. This work provides an approach for designing single element-based bifunctional signal probes for dual-mode detection of Pb2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libo Li
- Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Wanlin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Panao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Lijun Luo
- Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Xiaoya Bi
- Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Xiangle Meng
- Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Qijian Niu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin Provincial International Cooperation Key Laboratory of Advanced Inorganic Solid Functional Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Tianyan You
- Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China.
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22
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Dutta R, Angmo D, Singh J, Bala Chowdhary A, Quadar J, Singh S, Pal Vig A. Synergistic effect of biochar amendment in milk processing industry sludge and cattle dung during the vermiremediation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 371:128612. [PMID: 36640814 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The effective and sustainable management of fast growing and large quantities of industrial waste is a serious issue. The purpose of the present study was to assess the synergistic effect of biochar (BC) amended in milk processing industry sludge (MS) mixed with cattle dung (CD) in different ratios through vermiremediation. The MS25 and MS25BC10 (25:75 + 10 % BC) showed the least mortality and greatest earthworm growth and development. The final product from all feed mixtures recorded a decrease in pH, total organic carbon and C/N ratio. Other parameters viz., electrical conductivity, total available phosphorus, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, total sodium, total potassium and ash content was observed to be increased after vermicomposting. Significantly lower heavy metal content was found in all biochar amended feed mixtures than in mixtures without biochar. The germination index of Trigonella foenum-graecum showed a value ranging from 89.14 to 131.46 % for mixtures without BC and 115.18-153.47 % for biochar amended mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahil Dutta
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India.
| | - Deachen Angmo
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India
| | - Jaswinder Singh
- P.G. Department of Zoology, Khalsa College Amritsar, Punjab, India.
| | - Anu Bala Chowdhary
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India
| | - Jahangeer Quadar
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India
| | - Sharanpreet Singh
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India
| | - Adarsh Pal Vig
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India.
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23
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Gudeta K, Kumar V, Bhagat A, Julka JM, Bhat SA, Ameen F, Qadri H, Singh S, Amarowicz R. Ecological adaptation of earthworms for coping with plant polyphenols, heavy metals, and microplastics in the soil: A review. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14572. [PMID: 36994405 PMCID: PMC10040515 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, soil pollution by massive accumulation of heavy metals (HMs), microplastics, and refractory hydrocarbon chemicals has become an emerging and global concern, drawing worldwide attention. These pollutants influence soil diversity by hindering the reproduction, abundance, thereby affecting aboveground productivity. The scientific community has recently emphasized the contribution of earthworms to heavy metal accumulation, microplastic degradation, and the decomposition of organic matter in the soil, which helps maintain the soil structure. This review paper aimed to compile scientific facts on how earthworms cope with the effect of HMs, microplastics, and plant polyphenols so that vermiremediation could be widely applied for well-being of the soil ecosystem by environmentalists. Earthworms have special surface-active metabolites in their guts called drilodefensins that help them defend themselves against the oxidative action of plant polyphenols. They also combat the effects of toxic microplastics, and other oxidative compounds by elevating the antioxidant activities of their enzymes and converting them into harmless compounds or useful nutrients. Moreover, earthworms also act as biofilters, bioindicators, bioaccumulators, and transformers of oxidative polyphenols, microplastics, toxic HMs, and other pollutant hydrocarbons. Microorganisms (fungi and bacteria) in earthworms' gut of also assist in the fixation, accumulation, and transformation of these toxicants to prevent their effects. As a potential organism for application in ecotoxicology, it is recommended to propagate earthworms in agricultural fields; isolate, and culture enormously in industry, and inoculate earthworms in the polluted soil, thereby abate toxicity and minimizing the health effect caused by these pollutants as well enhance the productivity of crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasahun Gudeta
- Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Solan, 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India
- Adama Science and Technology University, Department of Applied Biology, P.O. Box 1888, Adama, Ethiopia
| | - Vineet Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Kishangarh, Ajmer, 305817, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ankeet Bhagat
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Jatinder Mohan Julka
- Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Solan, 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Sartaj Ahmad Bhat
- River Basin Research Center, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
- Corresponding author.
| | - Fuad Ameen
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Humaira Qadri
- Department of Environmental Sciences, J&K Higher Education Department, Govt. Degree College, Baramulla, 193101, Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Sumit Singh
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Ryszard Amarowicz
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, 10-748, Poland
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24
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Chen D, Xu W, Cao S, Xia Y, Du W, Yin Y, Guo H. Divergent responses of earthworms (Eisenia fetida) in sandy loam and clay soils to cerium dioxide nanoparticles. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:5231-5241. [PMID: 35982389 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22448-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The reported biological effects of cerium dioxide nanoparticles (nCeO2) in soils range from toxic to protective. However, divergences of nCeO2 toxicity in soils of different textures are not known. In this study, the availability of nCeO2 on earthworms (Eisenia fetida) in sandy loam soils and clay soils was discussed, and the biological effects of nCeO2 (0-1000 mg/kg) on earthworms in two soils were investigated. The results showed the bioaccumulation and biological effects of Ce on earthworms in the two soils were inconsistent. The European Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) sequential extraction revealed that the major portions of Ce in both soils were in the residual form (98-99%), and the acid-soluble Ce fraction was greater in clay soils. However, nCeO2 was more toxic to earthworms in sandy loam soils than that in clay soils as assessed by earthworm biomass, morphology, and antioxidative damage. Thus, the high ecological risk of nCeO2 in sandy loam soils with higher pH and lower clay contents needs to be avoided, being used in agriculture to improve both crop yield and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wenxuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Shenglai Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Coal Geology Bureau, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Wenchao Du
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ying Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- Joint International Research Centre for Critical Zone Science - University of Leeds and Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Hongyan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Joint International Research Centre for Critical Zone Science - University of Leeds and Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
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25
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Dai OL, Lei ZY, Peng YD, Wang Z. Integrative analysis uncovers response mechanism of Pirata subpiraticus to chronic cadmium stress. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:90070-90080. [PMID: 35864398 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22043-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Soil cadmium (Cd) pollution is global environmental pollution and adversely affects paddy field organisms. Wolf spider grants a new insight to evaluate the toxicity triggered by Cd, yet the impact of chronic Cd exposure on the spider and its molecular mechanism remains unclear. The present study found that the wolf spider Pirata subpiraticus fed with Cd-accumulated flies for 5 weeks presented lower catalase, peroxidase, and acetylcholinesterase activities and higher malonaldehyde content than the control spiders (p < 0.05). An in-depth transcriptomic analysis yielded a total of 5995 differentially expressed genes (DEGs, with 3857 up-regulated and 2138 down-regulated genes) from the comparison, and 19 DEGs encoding three enzymatic indicators were down-regulated. Further enrichment analysis indicated that Cd stress could inhibit the expression of cuticle and chitin-encoding genes via the down-regulation of several key enzymes, such as chitin synthase, glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase, and chitinase. In addition, our findings suggested that hedgehog and FoxO signaling pathways might play an essential role in regulating survival, cell cycle, and autophagy process in spiders, which were primarily down-regulated under Cd stress. An intensely interactive network displayed that Cd exposure could repress key biological processes in P. subpiraticus, particularly peptide metabolic process and peptide biosynthetic process. To sum up, this integrative investigation confirmed an effective bioindicator for assessing Cd-induced toxicity; provided a mass of genes, proteins, and enzymes for further validation; and granted novel perspectives to uncover the molecular responses of spiders to Cd pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ou-Lin Dai
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Zi-Yan Lei
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Yuan-de Peng
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410205, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
- College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
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26
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IndraKumar Singh S, Singh WR, Bhat SA, Sohal B, Khanna N, Vig AP, Ameen F, Jones S. Vermiremediation of allopathic pharmaceutical industry sludge amended with cattle dung employing Eisenia fetida. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 214:113766. [PMID: 35780853 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The present study aims to vermiremediate allopathic pharmaceutical industry sludge (AS) amended with cattle dung (CD), in different feed mixtures (AS:CD) i.e (AS0) 0:100 [Positive control], (AS25) 25:75, (AS50) 50:50, (AS75) 75:25 and (AS100) 100:0 [Negative Control] for 180 days using earthworm Eisenia fetida. The earthworms could thrive and grow well up to the AS75 feed mixture. In the final vermicompost, there were significant decreases in electrical conductivity (29.18-18.70%), total organic carbon (47.48-22.39%), total organic matter (47.47-22.36%), and C: N ratio (78.15-54.59%). While, significant increases in pH (9.06-16.47%), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (69.57-139.58%), total available phosphorus (30.30-81.56%), total potassium (8.92-22.22%), and total sodium (50.56-62.12%). The heavy metals like Cr (50-18.60%), Cd (100-75%), Pb (57.14-40%), and Ni (100-50%) were decreased, whereas Zn (8.37-53.77%), Fe (199.03-254.27%), and Cu (12.90-100%) increased significantly. The toxicity of the final vermicompost was shown to be lower in the Genotoxicity analysis, with values ranging between (76-42.33%). The germination index (GI) of Mung bean (Vigna radiata) showed a value ranging between 155.02 and 175.90%. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis showed irregularities with high porosity of texture in the final vermicompost than in initial mixtures. Fourier Transform-Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) spectra of final vermicompost had low peak intensities than the initial samples. The AS50 feed mixture was the most favorable for the growth and fecundity of Eisenia fetida, emphasizing the role of cattle dung in the vermicomposting process. Thus, it can be inferred that a cost-effective and eco-friendly method (vermicomposting) with the proper amendment of cattle dung and employing Eisenia fetida could transform allopathic sludge into a nutrient-rich, detoxified, stable, and mature vermicompost for agricultural purposes and further could serve as a stepping stone in the allopathic pharmaceutical industry sludge management strategies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soubam IndraKumar Singh
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Waikhom Roshan Singh
- Manipur Pollution Control Board (MPCB), Imphal West, DC Office Complex, Imphal, 795001, Manipur, India
| | - Sartaj Ahmad Bhat
- River Basin Research Center, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan.
| | - Bhawana Sohal
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Namita Khanna
- Department of Physiology, Guru Gobind Singh Medical College, Baba Farid University of Health Sciences, Faridkot, 151203, Punjab, India
| | - Adarsh Pal Vig
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India; Punjab Pollution Control Board (PPCB), Vatavaran Bhawan, Nabha Road, Patiala, 147001, Punjab, India.
| | - Fuad Ameen
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sumathi Jones
- Department of Pharmacology, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Pallikaranai, Chennai, 600100, India
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27
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Wu B, Guo S, Zhang M, Chen C, Zhang Y. Coupling Effects of combined thermal desorption and stabilisation on stability of cadmium in the soil. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 310:119905. [PMID: 35961569 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Combined thermal desorption and stabilisation is a major choice for the remediation of soil polluted by heavy metals and organic toxicants. Coupled, these processes physically and chemically affect the stability of heavy metals. For this study, polluted soil containing cadmium (Cd) around a lead-zinc smelter was chosen as the subject. To determine the coupling influence of combining thermal desorption and stabilisation to stabilise the Cd in the soil, the stability of Cd in the soil after thermal desorption, stabilisation, and combined treatment was examined based on the leaching rate, chemical speciation, and soil microstructure. The results showed that the stability of Cd was directly related to the temperature of thermal desorption and the stabilisation agent dose. The influence of the two combined stabilisation‒thermal desorption and thermal desorption‒stabilisation processes on the stability of Cd was analysed. The proportion of residual Cd of the former was 1.14 times higher than those of the latter, and the soil particles in the former process crystalized more significantly than those in the latter. Multiple regression analysis was used to construct the Cd stability model. In order to make the stabilised fraction of Cd consistent, compared with the stabilisation‒thermal desorption process, the agent dose in the thermal desorption‒stabilisation process should increase by 1.39-5.55 times higher, or the desorption temperature should increase by 28.3 °C-69.5 °C. Therefore, the combined stabilisation‒thermal desorption process is more conducive to stabilising Cd in the soil, a phenomenon that saves energy and reduces carbon emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wu
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Shuhai Guo
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, PR China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Contaminated Soil Remediation By Bio-physicochemical Synergistic Process, Shenyang, 110016, PR China.
| | - Meng Zhang
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Chi Chen
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang, 110168, PR China
| | - Yunlong Zhang
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
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28
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Wang L, Yang D, Chen R, Ma F, Wang G. How a functional soil animal-earthworm affect arbuscular mycorrhizae-assisted phytoremediation in metals contaminated soil? JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 435:128991. [PMID: 35650720 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Phytoremediation is a promising and sustainable technology to remediate the risk of heavy metals (HMs) contaminated soils, however, this way is limited to some factors contributing to slow plant growth and low remediation efficiency. As soil beneficial microbe, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) assisted phytoremediation is an environment-friendly and high-efficiency bioremediation technology. However, AMF-symbiotic formation and their functional expression responsible for HMs-polluted remediation are significantly influenced by edaphic fauna. Earthworms as common soil fauna, may have various effects on formation of AMF symbiosis, and exhibit synergy with AMF for the combined remediation of HMs-contaminated soils. For now, AMF-assisted phytoremediation incorporating earthworm coexistence is scarcely reported. Therefore, the main focus of this review is to discuss the AMF effects under earthworm coexistence. Effects of AMF-symbiotic formation influenced by earthworms are fully reviewed. Moreover, underlying mechanisms and synergy of the two in HMs remediation, soil improvement, and plant growth were comprehensively elucidated. Phenomenon of "functional synergism" between earthworms and AMF may be a significant mechanism for HMs phytoremediation. Finally, this review analyses shortcomings and prescriptions in the practical application of the technology and provides new insights into AMF- earthworms synergistic remediation of HMs-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environmental, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, PR China.
| | - Dongguang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environmental, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Rongjian Chen
- Yichun Luming Mining Co., Ltd, Tieli 152500, PR China
| | - Fang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environmental, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Gen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environmental, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, PR China
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Zhang M, Jouquet P, Dai J, Xiao L, Du Y, Liu K, Motelica-Heino M, Lavelle P, Zhong H, Zhang C. Assessment of bioremediation potential of metal contaminated soils (Cu, Cd, Pb and Zn) by earthworms from their tolerance, accumulation and impact on metal activation and soil quality: A case study in South China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 820:152834. [PMID: 34999072 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study was aimed to evaluate the potential of four earthworm species commonly found in South China for the bioremediation of soils contaminated by Cu, Cd, Pb and Zn. Survival rates and metal accumulation of Eisenia fetida, Amynthas morrisi, A. robustus and A. corticis and changes in soil physico-chemical properties were investigated in a 60-day incubation experiment with a metal-polluted soil. At the end of the experiment, the survival rates of E. fetida, A. morrisi and A. robustus were significantly higher than that of A. corticis. Principal component analysis showed that earthworm activity improved soil quality with the averaging soil quality index being 0.66, 0.64, 0.56, 0.53, and 0.12 for the A. corticis, A. morrisi, A. robustus, E. fetida, and control treatments, respectively. The highest total available Cd, Cu, and Pb in casts were found in the treatment with A. morrisi, and this species accumulated the smallest amount of metals. Results indicate that A. morrisi may be the best candidate for earthworm-assisted bioremediation of metal contaminated soils in South China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menghao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture for Arable Land Conservation in South China/Centre of Land consolidation and soil bioremediation, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, 510642 Guangzhou, China
| | - Pascal Jouquet
- Sorbonne Université, UPEC, CNRS, IRD, INRAE, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement, IESS, 93143 Bondy, France
| | - Jun Dai
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture for Arable Land Conservation in South China/Centre of Land consolidation and soil bioremediation, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, 510642 Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Xiao
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture for Arable Land Conservation in South China/Centre of Land consolidation and soil bioremediation, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, 510642 Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Du
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture for Arable Land Conservation in South China/Centre of Land consolidation and soil bioremediation, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, 510642 Guangzhou, China
| | - Kexue Liu
- Department of Resources and the Urban Planning, Xinhua College of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510520, China
| | | | - Patrick Lavelle
- Sorbonne Université, UPEC, CNRS, IRD, INRAE, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement, IESS, 93143 Bondy, France
| | - Hesen Zhong
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture for Arable Land Conservation in South China/Centre of Land consolidation and soil bioremediation, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, 510642 Guangzhou, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture for Arable Land Conservation in South China/Centre of Land consolidation and soil bioremediation, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, 510642 Guangzhou, China.
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Huang C, Zhang X, Wang K, Yue S, Qiao Y. Evidence for the metal resistance of earthworm Eisenia fetida across generations (F1 and F2) under laboratory metal exposure. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 425:128006. [PMID: 34896725 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.128006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Environmental stressors are persistent but most toxicological studies always evaluate the risk via short-term acute toxicity, while continuous toxicity and biological resistance across generations are relatively unknown. Here, earthworm Eisenia fetida was laboratory-reared and exposed to historically contaminated soils with an increasing metal gradient (CK, LM and HM), to investigate cross-generation toxicity and resistance of F1 and F2 worms. The results elucidated that biomass and juvenile hatching rate of F2 E. fetida showed maximum decreases of 20.8% and 38.5% than those of F1, which indicated severer toxicity of earthworm offspring. However, metal bioaccumulation in F2 E. fetida showed maximum increases of 150%, 49.2%, 19.7% and 25.5% than F1 for Cd, Cu, Zn and Pb, respectively. F2 E. fetida suffered less oxidative stress because the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were basically lower than that of F1. Meanwhile, the detoxification genes of metallothionein and heat shock protein 70 in F2 E. fetida showed maximum of 296% and 78.9% up-regulations, respectively, which suggested greater metal resistance of F2 E. fetida. This study confirmed the cross-generation toxicity and resistance of earthworms, which provides novel insights to reveal specific contaminant risks from longer lifecycles. CAPSULE: Earthworms under cross-generation exposure can develop metal resistance despite suffering worse toxicity effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caide Huang
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Kun Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Shizhong Yue
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, China
| | - Yuhui Qiao
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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Paul S, Goswami L, Pegu R, Kumar Chatterjee S, Sundar Bhattacharya S. Epigenetic regulations enhance adaptability and valorization efficiency in Eisenia fetida and Eudrilus eugeniae during vermicomposting of textile sludge: Insights on repair mechanisms of metal-induced genetic damage and oxidative stress. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 345:126493. [PMID: 34883193 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Genotoxicity-based assessments of vermitechnology for textile-sludge valorization have rarely been attempted. Therefore, waste sanitization and epigenetic stress-regulation efficiency of Eisenia fetida and Eudrilus eugeniae were evaluated in silk (DSPS) and cotton (CPWS) processing sludge-based vermibeds. Vermicomposting resulted in greater C, N, and P recovery than composting. Earthworm population reduced by 6-50% in DSPS/CPWS, while it significantly increased in cow dung (CD) mixed DSPS/CPWS. The Cr, Cd, Pb, and Zn accumulation efficiency of earthworms was higher in DSPS-based feedstocks than CPWS. However, metal-rich sludge elevated oxidative stress, causing greater inhibition of cell viability and DNA damage in Eudrilus than in Eisenia. Although histo-architecture of chloragogenous tissues was perturbed, earthworms combatted metal-induced lipid peroxidation via the activation of catalase, superoxide-dismutase, and reduced-glutathione. Correlation statistics revealed that genetic integrity in earthworms was restored through DNA-methyltransferase activity, especially in DSPS/CPWS + CD vermibeds. Overall, Eisenia was a healthier choice than Eudrilus for sustainable valorization of textile-sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarmistha Paul
- Soil and Agro Bio-engineering Lab, Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Tezpur 784 028, India
| | - Linee Goswami
- Department of Botany, Visva-Bharati Santiniketan, West Bengal 731235, India
| | - Ratul Pegu
- Soil and Agro Bio-engineering Lab, Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Tezpur 784 028, India
| | - Subhendu Kumar Chatterjee
- Department of Biological Science, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal 741246, India
| | - Satya Sundar Bhattacharya
- Soil and Agro Bio-engineering Lab, Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Tezpur 784 028, India.
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Zhang J, Fei L, Dong Q, Zuo S, Li Y, Wang Z. Cadmium binding during leaf senescence in Festuca arundinacea: Promotion phytoextraction efficiency by harvesting dead leaves. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 289:133253. [PMID: 34902388 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Phytoextraction by harvesting dead leaves is a novel cadmium (Cd) phytoremediation strategy in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea), which provides feasibility for the phytoremediation of Cd-polluted soils and cleaner food production. The highest Cd in dead leaves is the result of Cd accumulation during the process of leaf senescence. However, it is not known the mechanism of Cd accumulation during the leaf senescence, which limits the phytoextraction efficiency of this technology. In this study, we found that the contents of phytochelatins (PC), glutathione (GSH), and non-protein thiols (NPT) were increased during the process of leaf senescence and Cd stress significantly promoted PC, GSH, and NPT. Transcriptome analysis showed that the pathway of glutathione metabolism was significantly enriched in the senescent leaf under Cd stress. 19 genes encoding GST, enzymes catalyzing GSH-Cd binding, were up-regulated in the senescent leaf. The increases of PC, GSH, and NPT in the senescent leaf for Cd-binding could be from the pathways of the protein degradation rather than their synthesis, because genes encoding cysteine protease (catalyzes protein degradation) were significantly promoted, but both GSH synthetase (GS) and PC synthetase (PCS) did not show the significant changes between the young and senescent leaves. Our results indicated that Cd accumulation during the leaf senescence could be the result of the promotion of Cd-binding by PC, GSH, and NPT, which provide insights into the regulatory mechanism and further genetic engineering to promote the phytoextraction efficiency by harvesting dead leaves in tall fescue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Zhang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Ling Fei
- Zhuhai College of Jilin University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519041, PR China
| | - Qin Dong
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Shaofan Zuo
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Yanbang Li
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China.
| | - Zhaolong Wang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China.
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Yuksel B, Aydın D, Aksoy O. The impact of Vermicompost on Pisum sativum spp. Arvence L exposed to methylisothiazolinone. Biologia (Bratisl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-021-01001-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Kadiene EU, Ouddane B, Gong HY, Hwang JS, Souissi S. Multigenerational study of life history traits, bioaccumulation, and molecular responses of Pseudodiaptomus annandalei to cadmium. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 230:113171. [PMID: 34999339 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Metal pollution provide a substantial challenge for environmental health. This study investigated the multigeneration effects of cadmium on populations of the copepod species Pseudodiaptomus annandalei, exposed to a sublethal concentration, 40 µg/L of cadmium (Cd), over 10 generations. At the end of each generation, copepod individuals were collected to estimate fecundity, bioaccumulation, and real time qPCR quantification of selected differentially expressed genes to evaluate Cd effects and sex-specific responses of copepods across multiple generations. Our results revealed a sex-specific accumulation of Cd integrating 10 successive generations. The concentration of Cd was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in males than in females. We also observed a generational increase in Cd accumulation. Fecundity increased, with the exception of the first generation, possibly as a compensation for a decrease of copepod population size under Cd exposure. Protein expression of copepods exposed to Cd occurred in a sex-specific manner. Hemerythrin was mostly up-regulated in both copepod sexes exposed to Cd with males having the highest expression levels, while heat shock protein 70 was mostly up-regulated in males and down-regulated in female copepods, both exposed to Cd. Although copepods are known to develop adaptive mechanisms to tolerate toxic chemicals, continuous exposure to metals could lead to the bioaccumulation of metals in their offspring through maternal transfer and direct uptake from the medium over several generations. As a consequence, increased metal concentrations in copepods could result in physiological damage, reducing their fitness, and possibly compromise copepod population structures. This study showed that mortality, life history traits and molecular responses of a copepod species provided important toxicological endpoints and bio-markers for environmental risk assessments. Environmental pressure resulting from continuous exposure to persistent pollutants like Cd, could have evolutionary significance. The tendency for copepods to selectively adapt to a toxic environment through modifications, could increase their chance of survival over a long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther U Kadiene
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, IRD, UMR 8187 - LOG - Laboratoire d'Océanologie et de Géosciences, Station Marine de Wimereux, F-59000 Lille, France; Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, 20224 Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Baghdad Ouddane
- Université de Lille, Equipe Physico-Chimie de l'Environnement, Laboratoire LASIR UMR CNRS 8516, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France
| | - Hong-Yi Gong
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan; Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan
| | - Jiang-Shiou Hwang
- Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, 20224 Keelung, Taiwan; Center of Excellence for Ocean Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan; Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan.
| | - Sami Souissi
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, IRD, UMR 8187 - LOG - Laboratoire d'Océanologie et de Géosciences, Station Marine de Wimereux, F-59000 Lille, France.
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35
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Xiao R, Ali A, Xu Y, Abdelrahman H, Li R, Lin Y, Bolan N, Shaheen SM, Rinklebe J, Zhang Z. Earthworms as candidates for remediation of potentially toxic elements contaminated soils and mitigating the environmental and human health risks: A review. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 158:106924. [PMID: 34634621 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Global concerns towards potentially toxic elements (PTEs) are steadily increasing due to the significant threats that PTEs pose to human health and environmental quality. This calls for immediate, effective and efficient remediation solutions. Earthworms, the 'ecosystem engineers', can modify and improve soil health and enhance plant productivity. Recently, considerable attention has been paid to the potential of earthworms, alone or combined with other soil organisms and/or soil amendments, to remediate PTEs contaminated soils. However, the use of earthworms in the remediation of PTEs contaminated soil (i.e., vermiremediation) has not been thoroughly reviewed to date. Therefore, this review discusses and provides comprehensive insights into the suitability of earthworms as potential candidates for bioremediation of PTEs contaminated soils and mitigating environmental and human health risks. Specifically, we reviewed and discussed: i) the occurrence and abundance of earthworms in PTEs contaminated soils; ii) the influence of PTEs on earthworm communities in contaminated soils; iii) factors affecting earthworm PTEs accumulation and elimination, and iv) the dynamics and fate of PTEs in earthworm amended soils. The technical feasibility, knowledge gaps, and practical challenges have been worked out and critically discussed. Therefore, this review could provide a reference and guidance for bio-restoration of PTEs contaminated soils and shall also help developing innovative and applicable solutions for controlling PTEs bioavailability for the remediation of contaminated soils and the mitigation of the environment and human risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Xiao
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Amjad Ali
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yaqiong Xu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Hamada Abdelrahman
- Cairo University, Faculty of Agriculture, Soil Science Department, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Ronghua Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yanbing Lin
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Nanthi Bolan
- School of Agriculture and Environment, Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Perth WA 6009, Australia
| | - Sabry M Shaheen
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany; King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment, and Arid Land Agriculture, Department of Arid Land Agriculture, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; University of Kafrelsheikh, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil and Water Sciences, 33516 Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt.
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany; Department of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea.
| | - Zengqiang Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
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Roy S, Sarkar D, Datta R, Bhattacharya SS, Bhattacharyya P. Assessing the arsenic-saturated biochar recycling potential of vermitechnology: Insights on nutrient recovery, metal benignity, and microbial activity. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131660. [PMID: 34315078 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biochar mediated pollutant removal is gaining attention because of high efficiency of the process. However, effective recycling avenues of the pollutant-saturated biochars are scarce in the knowledge base; while such materials can be a new source of long-range contamination. Therefore, potential of vermitechnology for eco-friendly recycling of pollutant-loaded biochar was assessed by using arsenic-saturated native (NBC) and exfoliated (EBC) biochars as feedstocks for the first time. Interestingly, the bioavailable arsenic fractions (water soluble and exchangeable) considerably reduced by 22-44 % with concurrent increment (~8-15 %) of the recalcitrant (residual and organic bound) fractions in the biochar-based feedstocks. Consequently, ~2-3 folds removal of the total arsenic was achieved through vermicomposting. The earthworm population growth (2.5-3 folds) was also highly satisfactory in the biochar-based feedstocks. The results clearly imply that Eisenia fetida could compensate the arsenic-induced stress to microbial population and greatly augmented microbial biomass, respiration and enzyme activity by 3-12 folds. Moreover, biochar-induced alkalinity was significantly neutralized in the vermibeds, which remarkably balanced the TOC level and nutrient (N, P, and K) availability particularly in EBC + CD vermibeds. Overall, the nutrient recovery potential and arsenic removal efficiency of vermitechnology was clearly exhibited in NBC/EBC + CD (12.5:87.5) feedstocks. Hence, it is abundantly clear that vermitechnology can be a suitable option for eco-friendly recycling of pollutant-saturated sorbing agents, like biochars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuvrodeb Roy
- Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Giridih, Jharkhand, 815301, India
| | - Dibyendu Sarkar
- Stevens Institute of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental, and Ocean Engineering, Hoboken, NJ, 07030, USA
| | - Rupali Datta
- Department of Biological Science, Michigan Technological University, Michigan, USA
| | - Satya Sundar Bhattacharya
- Soil and Agro-bioengineering Lab, Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, 784028, India.
| | - Pradip Bhattacharyya
- Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Giridih, Jharkhand, 815301, India.
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Huang C, Ge Y, Shen Z, Wang K, Yue S, Qiao Y. Reveal the metal handling and resistance of earthworm Metaphire californica with different exposure history through toxicokinetic modeling. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 289:117954. [PMID: 34426187 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Toxicokinetic (TK) model provides a new approach to mechanistically elucidate the natural variation of metal handling strategy by adaptive and sensitive earthworm populations. Here, TK model was applied to explore the metal handling and resistance strategy of wild Metaphire californica with different historical exposure history through a 12-day re-exposure and another 12-day elimination incubation. M. californica populations showed different kinetic strategies for non-essential metals (Cd and Pb) and essential metals (Zn and Cu), which were closely related to their exposure history. M. californica from the most serious Cd-contaminated soil showed the fastest kinetic rates of both Cd uptake (K1 = 0.78 gsoil/gworm/day) and elimination (K2 = 0.23 day-1), and also had the lowest Cd half-life (t1/2 = 3.01 day), which demonstrated the potential Cd-resistance of wild M. californica from Cd-contaminated soils. Besides, the comparative experiment showed totally different metal kinetics of laboratory Eisenia fetida from field M. californica, suggesting the impacts of distinct exposure history and species-specifical sensitivities. These findings provide a novel approach to identify and quantify resistance using TK model and also imply the risk of overlooking existing exposure background and interspecies extrapolation in eco-toxicological studies and risk assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caide Huang
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yan Ge
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhiqiang Shen
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Kun Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Shizhong Yue
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou, 253023, China
| | - Yuhui Qiao
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Yang H, Wang Z, Wang J, Lv B, Wu Z, Tian J, Yang J. Cadmium-induced oxidative stress and transcriptome changes in the wolf spider Pirata subpiraticus. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 785:147364. [PMID: 33957595 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Spiders are believed to have enormous potential for indicating heavy metal pollution in ecosystems. The diversity of influencing factors caused significant differences in the toxicities of cadmium (Cd) on spiders. There is limited understanding of the underlying mechanism and response to acute Cd exposure at different concentrations and different poisoning times. We exposed adult female P. subpiraticus to 0.2 mM and 2 mM Cd for 6 and 12 h, respectively, to explore acute Cd toxicities by RNA-seq. We measured the bioaccumulation levels in P. subpiraticus and tested the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione S-transferase (GST). There were 187, 292, 101 and 155 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) after exposure to 0.2 mM and 2 mM Cd for 6 and 12 h, respectively. The results revealed that Cd accumulated in P. subpiraticus, changed the SOD and GST activities, and caused significant adverse effects at the molecular level on metabolism and immune and oxidative stress, with time- and concentration-dependent differences. Transcriptome analysis showed that acute Cd exposure depressed lipid metabolism and induced protein metabolism, especially serine metabolism. Genes encoding lipoproteins were depressed when exposed to 0.2 mM Cd, while fatty acid-related genes were downregulated under 2 mM Cd stress. In total, 46 cuticle-related genes were upregulated, and 6 cytoskeleton-related genes changed notably in the immune process. Peroxidase-related genes were further upregulated significantly. Meanwhile, the pathways related to metabolism, immunity and oxidative stress were significantly enriched. This report illustrated that acute Cd exposure exerts toxicities on P. subpiraticus and the spiders against acute Cd toxicities by selective differential expression of the genes associated with the physiological process of metabolism and immune and antioxidant stress. This study provides a comprehensive transcriptional basis for understanding the response of the P. sublimations to heavy metals at different concentrations and different treatment times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilin Yang
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rural Ecosystem Health in Dongting Lake Area, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China.
| | - Zhi Wang
- College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410006, Hunan, China
| | - Juan Wang
- College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410006, Hunan, China
| | - Bo Lv
- College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410006, Hunan, China
| | - Zhibin Wu
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rural Ecosystem Health in Dongting Lake Area, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Jianxiang Tian
- College of Continuing Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Yang
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rural Ecosystem Health in Dongting Lake Area, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
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39
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Huang B, Long J, Li J, Ai Y. Effects of antimony contamination on bioaccumulation and gut bacterial community of earthworm Eisenia fetida. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 416:126110. [PMID: 34492908 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Antimony (Sb) contamination has brought great environmental problems to the surrounding soils. However, few studies focused on the response of bacterial communities in earthworm gut to Sb. Eisenia fetida was cultured in four soils with Sb contents (5,25,50,100 mg•kg-1) to investigate the distribution of Sb species in earthworm gut and the response mechanism of bacterial communities to Sb contamination. The results showed that Sb accumulated in the gut and tissues of earthworms, and the mortality of earthworms showed a dose-response relationship with the increase of Sb content. Sb(III) and Sbexe were the major species in gut, whereas Sb(V) and Sbsrp were predominant in surrounding soil. There were significant differences in bacterial diversity between earthworm gut and soil, but there was no significant between the two with different Sb content. The network constructed by gut bacterial community of earthworm was less stable and more sensitive to Sb species than that in soil. Sb(III) had the greatest influence on the gut bacterial community of earthworm, which not only directly affected the community through Xanthomonadaceae, Rhodomicrobiaceae and Anaerolineaceae, but also indirectly influenced through Chthoniobacteraceae. This study fills a research gap on the effect of Sb contamination on the gut bacterial community of earthworm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bocong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, PR China
| | - Jian Long
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, PR China
| | - Juan Li
- School of Geography and Environmental Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, PR China
| | - Yingwei Ai
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, PR China.
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Wang X, Xia R, Sun M, Hu F. Metagenomic sequencing reveals detoxifying and tolerant functional genes in predominant bacteria assist Metaphire guillelmi adapt to soil vanadium exposure. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 415:125666. [PMID: 34088179 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Due to extensive vanadium (V) mining and processing, an increasing amount of V has accumulated in soil, which poses a threat to public health. Consequently, we used earthworm (Metaphire guillelmi) incubation trials in V-contaminated soil (0-300 mg kg-1) to explore the response of soil indigenous bacteria and earthworm intestinal bacteria to V stress. Metagenomic analysis revealed that V exposure changed the bacterial composition in the soil and the worm gut. However, although the core species varied between soil and worm gut, the two systems shared the predominant bacteria, including Staphylococcus, Nocardioides, Streptococcus, and Nitrosopumilales. Two functional genotypes were detected in the shared core species, i.e., reductive genes and resistant genes. The reductive genes mainly consisted of those involved in glutathione, cysteine, methionine, sulfur, and nitrogen metabolisms. The resistant genes included those encoding the oxidation damage repair system, the outer membrane protein, the antioxidant enzyme system, the metal-binding, and the heavy-metal efflux. Therefore, the shared core species exert a comprehensive strategy to survive V stress involving the alliance of heavy metal detoxifying and tolerant genes. This study provides novel information about the detoxification mechanisms of bacterial populations in soil and worm gut to survive V stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Wang
- Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Rong Xia
- Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Mingming Sun
- Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Feng Hu
- Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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