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Ali Z, Yaqoob S, Lo Schiavo A, D’Amore A. Optimizing Mechanical and Electrical Performance of SWCNTs/Fe 3O 4 Epoxy Nanocomposites: The Role of Filler Concentration and Alignment. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:2595. [PMID: 39339059 PMCID: PMC11435089 DOI: 10.3390/polym16182595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2024] [Revised: 09/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The demand for polymer composites with improved mechanical and electrical properties is crucial for advanced aerospace, electronics, and energy storage applications. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles are key fillers that enhance these properties, yet challenges like orientation, uniform dispersion, and agglomeration must be addressed to realize their full potential. This study focuses on developing SWCNTs/Fe3O4 epoxy composites by keeping the SWCNT concentration constant at 0.03 Vol.% and varying with Fe3O4 concentrations at 0.1, 0.5, and 1 Vol.% for two different configurations: randomly orientated (R-) and magnetic field-assisted horizontally aligned (A-) SWCNTs/Fe3O4 epoxy composites, and investigates the effects of filler concentration, dispersion, and magnetic alignment on the mechanical and electrical properties. The research reveals that both composite configurations achieve an optimal mechanical performance at 0.5 Vol.% Fe3O4, while A- SWCNTs/Fe3O4 epoxy composites outperformed at all concentrations. However, at 1 Vol.% Fe3O4, mechanical properties decline due to nanoparticle agglomeration, which disrupts stress distribution. In contrast, electrical conductivity peaks at 1 Vol.% Fe3O4, indicating that the higher density of Fe3O4 nanoparticles enhances the conductive network despite the mechanical losses. This study highlights the need for precise control over filler content and alignment to optimize mechanical strength and electrical conductivity in SWCNTs/Fe3O4 epoxy nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulfiqar Ali
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Viale Abramo Lincoln n. 5, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (Z.A.); (S.Y.)
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Roma 29, 81031 Aversa, Italy;
| | - Saba Yaqoob
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Viale Abramo Lincoln n. 5, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (Z.A.); (S.Y.)
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Roma 29, 81031 Aversa, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Lo Schiavo
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Roma 29, 81031 Aversa, Italy;
| | - Alberto D’Amore
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Roma 29, 81031 Aversa, Italy;
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2
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Rahchamandi SYR, Mirhadi E, Gheybi F, Kazemi-Beydokhti A, Jaafari MR, Mostafavi E, Kesharwani P, Sahebkar A, Alavizadeh SH. Engineering carbon-based nanomaterials for the delivery of platinum compounds: An innovative cancer disarming frontier. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 262:119933. [PMID: 39278586 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024]
Abstract
Carbon-based nanomaterials have been frequently used as one of the most advanced and fascinating nanocarriers for drug delivery applications due to their unique physicochemical properties. Varying types of carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) including carbon nanotubes, graphene, graphene oxides, carbon nanohorns, fullerenes, carbon nanodots, and carbon nanodiamonds are promising candidates for designing novel systems to deliver platinum compounds. CNMs modification with various moieties renders vast bio-applications in the area of targeted and organelle-specific cancer therapy. This review featured an updated and concise summarizations of various types of CNMs, their synthesis, advantages and disadvantages including potential bio-toxicity for biomedical applications. The therapeutic utility of CNMs and their efficacy have been noticed and for the first time, this review addressed CNMs-focused applications on the delivery of platinum-derivatives to the cancer site. Collectively, the contents of this review will assist researchers to focus on the possible fabrication, bio-functionalization and designing methods of CNMs to the further development of their future biomedical implementations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Yasaman Rahnamaei Rahchamandi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Elaheh Mirhadi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Gheybi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amin Kazemi-Beydokhti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Petroleum and Petrochemical Engineering, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Reza Jaafari
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Mostafavi
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Seyedeh Hoda Alavizadeh
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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3
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Nan X, Zhang Y, Shen J, Liang R, Wang J, Jia L, Yang X, Yu W, Zhang Z. A Review of the Establishment of Effective Conductive Pathways of Conductive Polymer Composites and Advances in Electromagnetic Shielding. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:2539. [PMID: 39274171 PMCID: PMC11397789 DOI: 10.3390/polym16172539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The enhancement of the electromagnetic interference shielding efficiency (EMI SE) for conductive polymer composites (CPCs) has garnered increasing attention. The shielding performance is influenced by conductivity, which is dependent on the establishment of effective conductive pathways. In this review, Schelkunoff's theory on outlining the mechanism of electromagnetic interference shielding was briefly described. Based on the mechanism, factors that influenced the electrical percolation threshold of CPCs were presented and three main kinds of efficient methods were discussed for establishing conductive pathways. Furthermore, examples were explored that highlighted the critical importance of such conductive pathways in attaining optimal shielding performance. Finally, we outlined the prospects for the future direction for advancing CPCs towards a balance of enhanced EMI SE and cost-performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotian Nan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Jiahao Shen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Ruimiao Liang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Jiayi Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Lan Jia
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Xiaojiong Yang
- 33rd Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation, Taiyuan 030032, China
| | - Wenwen Yu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Zhiyi Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
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Costa NL, Hiranobe CT, Cardim HP, Dognani G, Sanchez JC, Carvalho JAJ, Torres GB, Paim LL, Pinto LF, Cardim GP, Cabrera FC, dos Santos RJ, Silva MJ. A Review of EPDM (Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer) Rubber-Based Nanocomposites: Properties and Progress. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1720. [PMID: 38932070 PMCID: PMC11207359 DOI: 10.3390/polym16121720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) is a synthetic rubber widely used in industry and commerce due to its high thermal and chemical resistance. Nanotechnology has enabled the incorporation of nanomaterials into polymeric matrixes that maintain their flexibility and conformation, allowing them to achieve properties previously unattainable, such as improved tensile and chemical resistance. In this work, we summarize the influence of different nanostructures on the mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of EPDM-based materials to keep up with current research and support future research into synthetic rubber nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiara Lima Costa
- School of Engineering and Science (FEC–UNESP), São Paulo State University, Rosana 19274-000, SP, Brazil; (N.L.C.); (C.T.H.); (H.P.C.); (L.L.P.); (L.F.P.); (G.P.C.); (R.J.d.S.)
- School of Technology and Sciences (FCT–UNESP), São Paulo State University, Presidente Prudente 19060-900, SP, Brazil;
| | - Carlos Toshiyuki Hiranobe
- School of Engineering and Science (FEC–UNESP), São Paulo State University, Rosana 19274-000, SP, Brazil; (N.L.C.); (C.T.H.); (H.P.C.); (L.L.P.); (L.F.P.); (G.P.C.); (R.J.d.S.)
| | - Henrique Pina Cardim
- School of Engineering and Science (FEC–UNESP), São Paulo State University, Rosana 19274-000, SP, Brazil; (N.L.C.); (C.T.H.); (H.P.C.); (L.L.P.); (L.F.P.); (G.P.C.); (R.J.d.S.)
| | - Guilherme Dognani
- School of Technology and Sciences (FCT–UNESP), São Paulo State University, Presidente Prudente 19060-900, SP, Brazil;
| | - Juan Camilo Sanchez
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Pascual Bravo University Institution (IUPB), Medellín 050036, Colombia; (J.C.S.); (J.A.J.C.)
| | | | - Giovanni Barrera Torres
- Industrial Design Engineering Department, Arts and Humanities Faculty, Metropolitan Institute of Technology (ITM), Medellín 050036, Colombia;
| | - Leonardo Lataro Paim
- School of Engineering and Science (FEC–UNESP), São Paulo State University, Rosana 19274-000, SP, Brazil; (N.L.C.); (C.T.H.); (H.P.C.); (L.L.P.); (L.F.P.); (G.P.C.); (R.J.d.S.)
| | - Leandro Ferreira Pinto
- School of Engineering and Science (FEC–UNESP), São Paulo State University, Rosana 19274-000, SP, Brazil; (N.L.C.); (C.T.H.); (H.P.C.); (L.L.P.); (L.F.P.); (G.P.C.); (R.J.d.S.)
| | - Guilherme Pina Cardim
- School of Engineering and Science (FEC–UNESP), São Paulo State University, Rosana 19274-000, SP, Brazil; (N.L.C.); (C.T.H.); (H.P.C.); (L.L.P.); (L.F.P.); (G.P.C.); (R.J.d.S.)
| | - Flávio Camargo Cabrera
- School of Engineering and Science (FEC–UNESP), São Paulo State University, Rosana 19274-000, SP, Brazil; (N.L.C.); (C.T.H.); (H.P.C.); (L.L.P.); (L.F.P.); (G.P.C.); (R.J.d.S.)
| | - Renivaldo José dos Santos
- School of Engineering and Science (FEC–UNESP), São Paulo State University, Rosana 19274-000, SP, Brazil; (N.L.C.); (C.T.H.); (H.P.C.); (L.L.P.); (L.F.P.); (G.P.C.); (R.J.d.S.)
| | - Michael Jones Silva
- School of Engineering and Science (FEC–UNESP), São Paulo State University, Rosana 19274-000, SP, Brazil; (N.L.C.); (C.T.H.); (H.P.C.); (L.L.P.); (L.F.P.); (G.P.C.); (R.J.d.S.)
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5
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Mo F, Zhou P, Lin S, Zhong J, Wang Y. A Review of Conductive Hydrogel-Based Wearable Temperature Sensors. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2401503. [PMID: 38857480 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202401503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Conductive hydrogel has garnered significant attention as an emergent candidate for diverse wearable sensors, owing to its remarkable and tailorable properties such as flexibility, biocompatibility, and strong electrical conductivity. These attributes make it highly suitable for various wearable sensor applications (e.g., biophysical, bioelectrical, and biochemical sensors) that can monitor human health conditions and provide timely interventions. Among these applications, conductive hydrogel-based wearable temperature sensors are especially important for healthcare and disease surveillance. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of conductive hydrogel-based wearable temperature sensors. First, this work summarizes different types of conductive fillers-based hydrogel, highlighting their recent developments and advantages as wearable temperature sensors. Next, this work discusses the sensing characteristics of conductive hydrogel-based wearable temperature sensors, focusing on sensitivity, dynamic stability, stretchability, and signal output. Then, state-of-the-art applications are introduced, ranging from body temperature detection and wound temperature detection to disease monitoring. Finally, this work identifies the remaining challenges and prospects facing this field. By addressing these challenges with potential solutions, this review hopes to shed some light on future research and innovations in this promising field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Mo
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China
| | - Pengcheng Zhou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Shihong Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China
| | - Junwen Zhong
- Department of Electromechanical Engineering, University of Macau, Macau, 999078, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Technologies for Energy Conversion, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China
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6
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da Silva MM, Proença MP, Covas JA, Paiva MC. Shape-Memory Polymers Based on Carbon Nanotube Composites. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:748. [PMID: 38930718 PMCID: PMC11205355 DOI: 10.3390/mi15060748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
For the past two decades, researchers have been exploring the potential benefits of combining shape-memory polymers (SMP) with carbon nanotubes (CNT). By incorporating CNT as reinforcement in SMP, they have aimed to enhance the mechanical properties and improve shape fixity. However, the remarkable intrinsic properties of CNT have also opened up new paths for actuation mechanisms, including electro- and photo-thermal responses. This opens up possibilities for developing soft actuators that could lead to technological advancements in areas such as tissue engineering and soft robotics. SMP/CNT composites offer numerous advantages, including fast actuation, remote control, performance in challenging environments, complex shape deformations, and multifunctionality. This review provides an in-depth overview of the research conducted over the past few years on the production of SMP/CNT composites with both thermoset and thermoplastic matrices, with a focus on the unique contributions of CNT to the nanocomposite's response to external stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Martins da Silva
- Institute for Polymers and Composites, University of Minho, Campus of Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (M.M.d.S.); (J.A.C.)
| | - Mariana Paiva Proença
- ISOM and Departamento de Electrónica Física, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ava. Complutense 30, E-28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - José António Covas
- Institute for Polymers and Composites, University of Minho, Campus of Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (M.M.d.S.); (J.A.C.)
| | - Maria C. Paiva
- Institute for Polymers and Composites, University of Minho, Campus of Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (M.M.d.S.); (J.A.C.)
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7
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Park S, Na C, Kang SS, Kwac LK, Kim HG, Chang JH. Colorless and transparent polyimide nanocomposites using organically modified montmorillonite and mica. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10670. [PMID: 38724587 PMCID: PMC11082137 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61331-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we introduce a method for replacing the glass used in existing display electronic materials, lighting, and solar cells by synthesizing a colorless and transparent polyimide (CPI) film with excellent mechanical properties and thermal stability using a combination of new monomers. Poly(amic acid) (PAA) was synthesized using dianhydride 4,4'-biphthalic anhydride (BPA) and diamine 2,2-bis(3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl) hexafluoropropane (AHP). Various contents of organically modified montmorillonite (MMT) and mica were dispersed in PAA solution through solution intercalation, and then CPI hybrid films were prepared through multi-step thermal imidization. The organoclays synthesized to prepare CPI hybrid films were Cloisite 93A (CS-MMT) and hexadimethrine-mica (HM-Mica) based on MMT and mica, respectively. In particular, the diamine monomer AHP containing a -OH group was selected to increase the dispersibility and compatibility between the hydrophilic clays and the CPI matrix. To demonstrate the characteristics of CPI, the overall polymer structure was bent and a strong electron withdrawing -CF3 group was used as a substituent. The thermomechanical properties, morphology of clay dispersion, and optical transparency of the CPI hybrid films were investigated and compared according to the type and content of organoclays. Two types of organoclays, CS-MMT and HM-Mica, were dispersed in a CPI matrix at 1 to 7 wt%, respectively. In electron microscopy, most of the clays were uniformly dispersed in a plate-like shape of less than 20 nm at a certain critical content of the two types of organoclays, but agglomeration of the clays was observed when the content was higher than the critical content. Hybrids using HM-Mica had better thermomechanical properties and hybrids containing CS-MMT had better optical transparency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghyeon Park
- Graduate School of Carbon Convergence Engineering, Jeonju University, Jeonju, 55069, South Korea
| | - Changyub Na
- Graduate School of Carbon Convergence Engineering, Jeonju University, Jeonju, 55069, South Korea
| | - Sung-Soo Kang
- Graduate School of Carbon Convergence Engineering, Jeonju University, Jeonju, 55069, South Korea
| | - Lee Ku Kwac
- Graduate School of Carbon Convergence Engineering, Jeonju University, Jeonju, 55069, South Korea
- Institute of Carbon Technology, Jeonju University, Jeonju, 55069, South Korea
| | - Hong Gun Kim
- Institute of Carbon Technology, Jeonju University, Jeonju, 55069, South Korea
| | - Jin-Hae Chang
- Institute of Carbon Technology, Jeonju University, Jeonju, 55069, South Korea.
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8
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Svigelj R, Toniolo R, Bertoni C, Fraleoni-Morgera A. Synergistic Applications of Graphene-Based Materials and Deep Eutectic Solvents in Sustainable Sensing: A Comprehensive Review. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:2403. [PMID: 38676019 PMCID: PMC11054382 DOI: 10.3390/s24082403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The recently explored synergistic combination of graphene-based materials and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) is opening novel and effective avenues for developing sensing devices with optimized features. In more detail, remarkable potential in terms of simplicity, sustainability, and cost-effectiveness of this combination have been demonstrated for sensors, resulting in the creation of hybrid devices with enhanced signal-to-noise ratios, linearities, and selectivity. Therefore, this review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the currently available scientific literature discussing investigations and applications of sensors that integrate graphene-based materials and deep eutectic solvents, with an outlook for the most promising developments of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Svigelj
- Department of Agrifood, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Rosanna Toniolo
- Department of Agrifood, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
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Banks JD, Emami A. Carbon-Based Piezoresistive Polymer Nanocomposites by Extrusion Additive Manufacturing: Process, Material Design, and Current Progress. 3D PRINTING AND ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING 2024; 11:e548-e571. [PMID: 38689914 PMCID: PMC11057547 DOI: 10.1089/3dp.2022.0153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Advancement in additive manufacturing (AM) allows the production of nanocomposites with complex and custom geometries not typically allowable with conventional manufacturing techniques. The benefits of AM have led to recent interest in producing multifunctional materials capable of being printed with current AM technologies. In this article, piezoresistive composites realized by AM and the matrices and fillers utilized to make such devices are introduced and discussed. Carbon-based nanoparticles (Carbon Nanotubes, Graphene/Graphite, and Carbon Black) are often the filler choice of most researchers and are heavily discussed throughout this review in combination with extrusion AM methods. Piezoresistive applications such as physiological and wearable sensors, structural health monitoring, and soft robotics are presented with an emphasis on material and AM selection to meet the demands of such applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D. Banks
- Materials Science, Engineering, & Commercialization, Ingram School of Engineering, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas, USA
| | - Anahita Emami
- Mechanical Engineering, Ingram School of Engineering, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas, USA
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Liu H, He L, Kuzmanović M, Huang Y, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Zhu Q, Ren Y, Dong Y, Cardon L, Gou M. Advanced Nanomaterials in Medical 3D Printing. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2301121. [PMID: 38009766 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
3D printing is now recognized as a significant tool for medical research and clinical practice, leading to the emergence of medical 3D printing technology. It is essential to improve the properties of 3D-printed products to meet the demand for medical use. The core of generating qualified 3D printing products is to develop advanced materials and processes. Taking advantage of nanomaterials with tunable and distinct physical, chemical, and biological properties, integrating nanotechnology into 3D printing creates new opportunities for advancing medical 3D printing field. Recently, some attempts are made to improve medical 3D printing through nanotechnology, providing new insights into developing advanced medical 3D printing technology. With high-resolution 3D printing technology, nano-structures can be directly fabricated for medical applications. Incorporating nanomaterials into the 3D printing material system can improve the properties of the 3D-printed medical products. At the same time, nanomaterials can be used to expand novel medical 3D printing technologies. This review introduced the strategies and progresses of improving medical 3D printing through nanotechnology and discussed challenges in clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haofan Liu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Liming He
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Maja Kuzmanović
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yiting Huang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qi Zhu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ya Ren
- Huahang Microcreate Technology Co., Ltd, Chengdu, 610042, China
| | - Yinchu Dong
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Chengdu OrganoidMed Medical Laboratory, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Ludwig Cardon
- Centre for Polymer and Material Technologies, Department of Materials, Textiles and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Ghent University, Ghent, 9159052, Belgium
| | - Maling Gou
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
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11
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Zhang Z, Hu L, Wang R, Zhang S, Fu L, Li M, Xiao Q. Advances in Monte Carlo Method for Simulating the Electrical Percolation Behavior of Conductive Polymer Composites with a Carbon-Based Filling. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:545. [PMID: 38399924 PMCID: PMC10891544 DOI: 10.3390/polym16040545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Conductive polymer composites (CPCs) filled with carbon-based materials are widely used in the fields of antistatic, electromagnetic interference shielding, and wearable electronic devices. The conductivity of CPCs with a carbon-based filling is reflected by their electrical percolation behavior and is the focus of research in this field. Compared to experimental methods, Monte Carlo simulations can predict the conductivity and analyze the factors affecting the conductivity from a microscopic perspective, which greatly reduces the number of experiments and provides a basis for structural design of conductive polymers. This review focuses on Monte Carlo models of CPCs with a carbon-based filling. First, the theoretical basis of the model's construction is introduced, and a Monte Carlo simulation of the electrical percolation behaviors of spherical-, rod-, disk-, and hybridfilled polymers and the analysis of the factors influencing the electrical percolation behavior from a microscopic point of view are summarized. In addition, the paper summarizes the progress of polymer piezoresistive models and polymer foaming structure models that are more relevant to practical applications; finally, we discuss the shortcomings and future research trends of existing Monte Carlo models of CPCs with carbon-based fillings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Zhang
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; (Z.Z.); (L.F.)
| | - Liang Hu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China;
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; (Z.Z.); (L.F.)
| | - Shujie Zhang
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; (Z.Z.); (L.F.)
| | - Lisong Fu
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; (Z.Z.); (L.F.)
| | - Mengxuan Li
- College of Fine Arts & Design, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China;
| | - Qi Xiao
- School of Textile Garment and Design, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China;
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12
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Lu B, Cheng H, Qu L. Inorganic Hydrogel Based on Low-Dimensional Nanomaterials. ACS NANO 2024; 18:2730-2749. [PMID: 38221737 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c11262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Composed of three-dimensional (3D) nanoscale inorganic bones and up to 99% water, inorganic hydrogels have attracted much attention and undergone significant growth in recent years. The basic units of inorganic hydrogels could be metal nanoparticles, metal nanowires, SiO2 nanowires, graphene nanosheets, and MXene nanosheets, which are then assembled into the special porous structures by the sol-gel process or gelation via either covalent or noncovalent interactions. The high electrical and thermal conductivity, resistance to corrosion, stability across various temperatures, and high surface area make them promising candidates for diverse applications, such as energy storage, catalysis, adsorption, sensing, and solar steam generation. Besides, some interesting derivatives, such as inorganic aerogels and xerogels, can be produced through further processing, diversifying their functionalities and application domains greatly. In this context, we primarily provide a comprehensive overview of the current status of inorganic hydrogels and their derivatives, including the structures of inorganic hydrogels with various compositions, their gelation mechanisms, and their exceptional practical performance in fields related to energy and environmental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Lu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment (SKLT), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Huhu Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment (SKLT), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Liangti Qu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment (SKLT), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
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13
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Paul S, Rao L, Stein LH, Salemi A, Mitra S. Development of a Carbon Nanotube-Enhanced FAS Bilayer Amphiphobic Coating for Biological Fluids. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:3138. [PMID: 38133035 PMCID: PMC10745810 DOI: 10.3390/nano13243138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
This study reports the development of a novel amphiphobic coating. The coating is a bilayer arrangement, where carbon nanotubes (CNTs) form the underlayer and fluorinated alkyl-silane (FAS) forms the overlayer, resulting in the development of highly amphiphobic coatings suitable for a wide range of substrates. The effectiveness of these coatings is demonstrated through enhanced contact angles for water and artificial blood plasma fluid on glass, stainless steel, and porous PTFE. The coatings were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and contact angle (CA) measurements. The water contact angles achieved with the bilayer coating were 106 ± 2°, 116 ± 2°, and 141 ± 2° for glass, stainless steel, and PTFE, respectively, confirming the hydrophobic nature of the coating. Additionally, the coating displayed high repellency for blood plasma, exhibiting contact angles of 102 ± 2°, 112 ± 2°, and 134 ± 2° on coated glass, stainless steel, and PTFE surfaces, respectively. The presence of the CNT underlayer improved plasma contact angles by 29%, 21.7%, and 16.5% for the respective surfaces. The presence of the CNT layer improved surface roughness significantly, and the average roughness of the bilayer coating on glass, stainless steel, and PTFE was measured to be 488 nm, 301 nm, and 274 nm, respectively. Mechanistically, the CNT underlayer contributed to the surface roughness, while the FAS layer provided high amphiphobicity. The maximum effect was observed on modified glass, followed by stainless steel and PTFE surfaces. These findings highlight the promising potential of this coating method across diverse applications, particularly in the biomedical industry, where it can help mitigate complications associated with device-fluid interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumona Paul
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 161 Warren Street, Newark, NJ 07102, USA; (S.P.); (L.R.)
| | - Lingfen Rao
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 161 Warren Street, Newark, NJ 07102, USA; (S.P.); (L.R.)
| | - Louis H. Stein
- Northern Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, RWJBarnabas Health, 94 Old Short Hills Road, Livingston, NJ 07039, USA; (L.H.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Arash Salemi
- Northern Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, RWJBarnabas Health, 94 Old Short Hills Road, Livingston, NJ 07039, USA; (L.H.S.); (A.S.)
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, 185 S Orange Ave, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Somenath Mitra
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 161 Warren Street, Newark, NJ 07102, USA; (S.P.); (L.R.)
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14
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Guzenko N, Godzierz M, Kurtyka K, Hercog A, Nocoń-Szmajda K, Gawron A, Szeluga U, Trzebicka B, Yang R, Rümmeli MH. Flexible Piezoresistive Polystyrene Composite Sensors Filled with Hollow 3D Graphitic Shells. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4674. [PMID: 38139926 PMCID: PMC10747410 DOI: 10.3390/polym15244674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this research was to develop highly effective conductive polymer composite (CPC) materials for flexible piezoresistive sensors, utilizing hollow three-dimensional graphitic shells as a highly conductive particulate component. Polystyrene (PS), a cost-effective and robust polymer widely used in various applications such as household appliances, electronics, automotive parts, packaging, and thermal insulation materials, was chosen as the polymer matrix. The hollow spherical three-dimensional graphitic shells (GS) were synthesized through chemical vapor deposition (CVD) with magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles serving as a support, which was removed post-synthesis and employed as the conductive filler. Commercial multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were used as a reference one-dimensional graphene material. The main focus of this study was to investigate the impact of the GS on the piezoresistive response of carbon/polymer composite thin films. The distribution and arrangement of GS and CNTs in the polymer matrix were analyzed using techniques such as X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, while the electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties of the composites were also evaluated. The results revealed that the PS composite films filled with GS exhibited a more pronounced piezoresistive response as compared to the CNT-based composites, despite their lower mechanical and thermal performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliia Guzenko
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (N.G.); (K.K.); (A.H.); (K.N.-S.); (A.G.); (U.S.); (B.T.)
- Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, General Naumov Str. 17, 03164 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Marcin Godzierz
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (N.G.); (K.K.); (A.H.); (K.N.-S.); (A.G.); (U.S.); (B.T.)
- International Polish-Ukrainian Research Laboratory ADPOLCOM, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Klaudia Kurtyka
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (N.G.); (K.K.); (A.H.); (K.N.-S.); (A.G.); (U.S.); (B.T.)
- International Polish-Ukrainian Research Laboratory ADPOLCOM, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Anna Hercog
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (N.G.); (K.K.); (A.H.); (K.N.-S.); (A.G.); (U.S.); (B.T.)
| | - Klaudia Nocoń-Szmajda
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (N.G.); (K.K.); (A.H.); (K.N.-S.); (A.G.); (U.S.); (B.T.)
| | - Anna Gawron
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (N.G.); (K.K.); (A.H.); (K.N.-S.); (A.G.); (U.S.); (B.T.)
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Roosevelta 40 Street, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Urszula Szeluga
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (N.G.); (K.K.); (A.H.); (K.N.-S.); (A.G.); (U.S.); (B.T.)
- International Polish-Ukrainian Research Laboratory ADPOLCOM, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Barbara Trzebicka
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (N.G.); (K.K.); (A.H.); (K.N.-S.); (A.G.); (U.S.); (B.T.)
- International Polish-Ukrainian Research Laboratory ADPOLCOM, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Ruizhi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations, College of Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China;
| | - Mark H. Rümmeli
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (N.G.); (K.K.); (A.H.); (K.N.-S.); (A.G.); (U.S.); (B.T.)
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations, College of Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China;
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden, P.O. Box 270116, D-01171 Dresden, Germany
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Centre for Energy and Environmental Technologies, VSB—Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 15, 708 33 Ostrava, Czech Republic
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15
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Zare Y, Munir MT, Rhee KY. Percolation onset and conductivity of nanocomposites assuming an incomplete dispersion of graphene nanosheets in a polymer matrix. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:32460-32470. [PMID: 37994515 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04375d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Herein, stacks of graphene nanosheets resulting from an incomplete dispersion of nanoparticles in polymer graphene nanocomposites are considered. The volume fraction, aspect ratio and conduction of stacks are expressed by the distance between nanosheets (s), thickness of an individual nanosheet (t), nanosheet diameter (D), thickness of the interphase zone (ti) and tunneling length (d). Moreover, the percolation onset, actual filler quantity and portion of networked nanosheets are stated by the stacks of nanosheets, interphase depth and tunneling length. Finally, an advanced model for the conductivity of a graphene-based system is presented using the mentioned terms. The influence of all properties of stacks, tunneling and interphase areas on the percolation onset, portion of percolated nanosheets and conductivity are examined. Furthermore, the tested values of conductivity are applied to confirm the predictability of the model. The larger quantity of thin sheets included in stacks produces a higher conductivity for samples. In addition, a thicker interphase and smaller tunnels can result in higher conductivity. The calculations of conductivity match the tested data at all filler amounts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser Zare
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Interdisciplinary Technologies, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Muhammad Tajammal Munir
- College of Engineering and Technology, American University of the Middle East, Egaila 54200, Kuwait
| | - Kyong Yop Rhee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering (BK21 four), College of Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Moriggi F, Barbera V, Galimberti M, Raffaini G. Adsorption Affinities of Small Volatile Organic Molecules on Graphene Surfaces for Novel Nanofiller Design: A DFT Study. Molecules 2023; 28:7633. [PMID: 38005356 PMCID: PMC10674850 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The adsorption of organic molecules on graphene surfaces is a crucial process in many different research areas. Nano-sized carbon allotropes, such as graphene and carbon nanotubes, have shown promise as fillers due to their exceptional properties, including their large surface area, thermal and electrical conductivity, and potential for weight reduction. Surface modification methods, such as the "pyrrole methodology", have been explored to tailor the properties of carbon allotropes. In this theoretical work, an ab initio study based on Density Functional Theory is performed to investigate the adsorption process of small volatile organic molecules (such as pyrrole derivatives) on graphene surface. The effects of substituents, and different molecular species are examined to determine the influence of the aromatic ring or the substituent of pyrrole's aromatic ring on the adsorption energy. The number of atoms and presence of π electrons significantly influence the corresponding adsorption energy. Interestingly, pyrroles and cyclopentadienes are 10 kJ mol-1 more stable than the corresponding unsaturated ones. Pyrrole oxidized derivatives display more favorable supramolecular interactions with graphene surface. Intermolecular interactions affect the first step of the adsorption process and are important to better understand possible surface modifications for carbon allotropes and to design novel nanofillers in polymer composites.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maurizio Galimberti
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via Luigi Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy; (F.M.); (V.B.)
| | - Giuseppina Raffaini
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via Luigi Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy; (F.M.); (V.B.)
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17
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Villalva J, Rapakousiou A, Monclús MA, Fernández Blázquez JP, de la Vega J, Naranjo A, Vera-Hidalgo M, Ruiz-González ML, Pedersen H, Pérez EM. Interlocking Matrix and Filler for Enhanced Individualization and Reinforcement in Polymer-Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Composites. ACS NANO 2023; 17:16565-16572. [PMID: 37602897 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c02255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Poor individualization and interfacial adhesion prevent single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT)-polymer composites from reaching outstanding mechanical properties. With much larger diameters, but common structural features (high aspect ratio and absence of functional groups for covalent or supramolecular attachment with the polymer), carbon fibers face similar problems, which are addressed by covering the fibers with a thin layer of polymer. This sizing strategy has allowed carbon fibers to become the filler of choice for the highest performing materials. Inspired by this, here we investigate the use of the mechanical bond to wrap SWNTs with a layer of polymeric material to produce SWNTs mechanically interlocked with a layer of polymer. We first validate the formation of mechanically interlocked nanotubes (MINTs) using mixtures of SWNTs of relatively large average diameter (1.6 ± 0.4 nm), which are commercially available at reasonable prices and therefore could be technologically relevant as polymer fillers. We then design and synthesize by ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) a polymer decorated with multiple U-shaped molecules, which are later ring-closed around the SWNTs using metathesis. The obtained hybrids contain a high degree of individualized SWNTs and exhibit significantly increased mechanical properties when compared to the matrix polymer. We envision that this strategy could be employed to produce SWNTs interlocked with polymer layers with various designs for polymer reinforcement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Villalva
- IMDEA Nanociencia, Campus de Cantoblanco, Calle Faraday 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Amalia Rapakousiou
- IMDEA Nanociencia, Campus de Cantoblanco, Calle Faraday 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A Monclús
- IMDEA Materials Institute, Calle Eric Kandel 2, 28906 Getafe, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Jimena de la Vega
- IMDEA Materials Institute, Calle Eric Kandel 2, 28906 Getafe, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia Naranjo
- IMDEA Nanociencia, Campus de Cantoblanco, Calle Faraday 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Emilio M Pérez
- IMDEA Nanociencia, Campus de Cantoblanco, Calle Faraday 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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18
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Abdala O, Nabeeh A, Rehman A, Abdel-Wahab A, Hassan MK, Abdala A. Effect of Thermally Reduced Graphene on the Characteristics and Performance of Polysulfone Mixed Matrix Ultrafiltration Membranes. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:747. [PMID: 37623808 PMCID: PMC10456715 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13080747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Ultrafiltration (UF) polymeric membranes are widely used in water treatment and support desalination and gas separation membranes. In this article, we enhance the performance of Polysulfone (PSF) mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) by dispersing different concentrations of thermally reduced graphene (TRG) nanofillers. The UF PSF-TRG MMMs were fabricated via the phase inversion process, and the impact of TRG loading on the characteristics of the membrane, including hydrophilicity, porosity, roughness, and morphology, were analyzed using a contact angle measurement, atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and dynamic mechanical analysis. Incorporating TRG into the PSF matrix led to favorable effects in the instantaneous de-mixing during phase inversion, increasing the porosity and hydrophilicity of MMMs and improving the mechanical properties of the membranes. Moreover, membrane performance was examined to remove dispersed oil from oil-water emulsion and support air-dehumidification membranes. MMM performance in terms of flux and oil rejection was superior to the control PSF membrane. Incorporating 0.25% TRG into PSF resulted in a 70% water flux increase and higher oil rejection compared to the control PSF membrane. As a support for air-dehumidification membranes, the MMM also demonstrated enhanced humidity reduction and an over 20% increase in water vapor permeance over the control PSF membrane. These results indicate that the PSF-TRG MMMs are an excellent candidate for reliable oil-water separation and as a support for air-dehumidification membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omnya Abdala
- Chemical Engineering Program, Texas A&M University at Qatar, Doha P.O. Box 23874, Qatar or (O.A.); (A.N.)
- Gulf Organization for Research & Development (GORD), Qatar Science & Technology Park, Tech1 Bldg, Suite 203, Doha P.O. Box 210162, Qatar
| | - Ahmed Nabeeh
- Chemical Engineering Program, Texas A&M University at Qatar, Doha P.O. Box 23874, Qatar or (O.A.); (A.N.)
| | - Abdul Rehman
- Chemical Engineering Program, Texas A&M University at Qatar, Doha P.O. Box 23874, Qatar or (O.A.); (A.N.)
| | - Ahmed Abdel-Wahab
- Chemical Engineering Program, Texas A&M University at Qatar, Doha P.O. Box 23874, Qatar or (O.A.); (A.N.)
| | - Mohammad K. Hassan
- Center for Advanced Materials (CAM), Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Ahmed Abdala
- Chemical Engineering Program, Texas A&M University at Qatar, Doha P.O. Box 23874, Qatar or (O.A.); (A.N.)
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Ayanda OS, Quadri RO, Adewuyi SO, Mmuoegbulam AO, Okezie O, Mohammed SE, Durumin-Iya NI, Lawal OS, Popoola KM, Adekola FA. Multidimensional applications and potential health implications of nanocomposites. JOURNAL OF WATER AND HEALTH 2023; 21:1110-1142. [PMID: 37632385 PMCID: wh_2023_141 DOI: 10.2166/wh.2023.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
This study reviews the concept, classifications, and techniques involved in the synthesis of nanocomposites. The environmental and health implications of nanoparticles and composite materials were detailed, as well as the applications of nanocomposites in water remediation, antibacterial application, and printed circuit boards. The study gave insights into the challenges of water pollution treatment and provided a broad list of nanocomposites that have been explored for water remediation. Moreover, the emergence of multi-drug resistance to many antibiotics has made current antibiotics inadequate in the treatment of disease. This has engineered the development of alternative strategies in the drug industries for the production of effective therapeutic agents, comprising nanocomposites with antibacterial agents. The new therapeutic agents known as nanoantibiotics are more efficient and have paved the way to handle the challenges of antibiotic resistance. In printed circuit boards, nanocomposites have shown promising applications because of their distinct mechanical, thermal, and electrical characteristics. The uniqueness of the write-up is that it provides a broad explanation of the concept, synthesis, application, toxicity, and harmful effects of nanocomposites. Thus, it will provide all-inclusive awareness to readers to identify research gaps and motivate researchers to synthesize novel nanocomposites for use in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olushola S Ayanda
- Nanoscience Research Unit, Department of Industrial Chemistry, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State P.M.B 373, Nigeria E-mail:
| | - Rukayat O Quadri
- Nanoscience Research Unit, Department of Industrial Chemistry, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State P.M.B 373, Nigeria
| | - Sulaiman O Adewuyi
- Nanoscience Research Unit, Department of Industrial Chemistry, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State P.M.B 373, Nigeria
| | - Augusta O Mmuoegbulam
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Onyemaechi Okezie
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Sa'adatu E Mohammed
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University Dutse, Dutse, Jigawa State PMB 7156, Nigeria
| | - Naseer I Durumin-Iya
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University Dutse, Dutse, Jigawa State PMB 7156, Nigeria
| | - Olayide S Lawal
- Nanoscience Research Unit, Department of Industrial Chemistry, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State P.M.B 373, Nigeria
| | - Kehinde M Popoola
- Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Folahan A Adekola
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
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20
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Raj R, Dixit AR. Direct Ink Writing of Carbon-Doped Polymeric Composite Ink: A Review on Its Requirements and Applications. 3D PRINTING AND ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING 2023; 10:828-854. [PMID: 37609584 PMCID: PMC10440670 DOI: 10.1089/3dp.2021.0209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Direct Ink Writing (DIW) opens new possibilities in three-dimensional (3D) printing of carbon-based polymeric ink. This is due to its ability in design flexibility, structural complexity, and environmental sustainability. This area requires exhaustive study because of its wide application in different manufacturing sectors. The present article is related to the variant emerging 3D printing techniques and DIW of carbonaceous materials. Carbon-based materials, extensively used for various applications in 3D printing, possess impressive chemical stability, strength, and flexible nanostructure. Fine printable inks consist predominantly of uniform solutions of carbon materials, such as graphene, graphene oxide (GO), carbon fibers (CFs), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and solvents. It also contains compatible polymers and suitable additives. This review article elaborately discusses the fundamental requirements of DIW in structuring carbon-doped polymeric inks viz. ink formulation, required ink rheology, extrusion parameters, print fidelity prediction, layer bonding examination, substrate selection, and curing method to achieve fine functional composites. A detailed description of its application in the fields of electronics, medical, and mechanical segments have also been focused in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratnesh Raj
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad, India
| | - Amit Rai Dixit
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad, India
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21
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Umar E, Ikram M, Haider J, Nabgan W, Imran M, Nazir G. A State-of-Art Review of the Metal Oxide-Based Nanomaterials Effect on Photocatalytic Degradation of Malachite Green Dyes and a Bibliometric Analysis. GLOBAL CHALLENGES (HOBOKEN, NJ) 2023; 7:2300001. [PMID: 37287595 PMCID: PMC10242535 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202300001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A wide range of hard contaminants in wastewater is generated from different industries as byproducts of the organic compound. In this review, various metal oxide-based nanomaterials are employed for the photocatalytic removal of malachite green (MG) dye from wastewater. Some cost-effective and appropriate testing conditions are used for degrading these hard dyes to get higher removal efficiency. The effects of specific parameters are considered such as how the catalyst is made, how much dye is in the solution at first, how much nanocatalyst is needed to break down the dye, the initial pH of the dye solution, the type of light source used, the year of publications, and how long the dye has to be exposed to light to be removed. This study suggests that Scopus-based core collected data employ bibliometric methods to provide an objective analysis of global MG dye from 2011 to 2022 (12 years). The Scopus database collects all the information (articles, authors, keywords, and publications). For bibliometric analysis, 658 publications are retrieved corresponding to MG dye photodegradation, and the number of publications increases annually. A bibliometric study reveals a state-of-art review of metal oxide-based nanomaterials' effects on photocatalytic degradation of MG dyes (12 years).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehtisham Umar
- Solar Cell Applications Research LabDepartment of PhysicsGovernment College University LahoreLahore54000Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ikram
- Solar Cell Applications Research LabDepartment of PhysicsGovernment College University LahoreLahore54000Pakistan
| | - Junaid Haider
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesTianjin300308China
| | - Walid Nabgan
- Departament d'Enginyeria QuímicaUniversitat Rovira i VirgiliAv Països Catalans 26Tarragona43007Spain
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of ChemistryGovernment College University FaisalabadPakpattan RoadSahiwalPunjab57000Pakistan
| | - Ghazanfar Nazir
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials EngineeringSejong UniversitySeoul05006Republic of Korea
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Luo J, Wen Y, Jia X, Lei X, Gao Z, Jian M, Xiao Z, Li L, Zhang J, Li T, Dong H, Wu X, Gao E, Jiao K, Zhang J. Fabricating strong and tough aramid fibers by small addition of carbon nanotubes. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3019. [PMID: 37230970 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38701-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Synthetic high-performance fibers present excellent mechanical properties and promising applications in the impact protection field. However, fabricating fibers with high strength and high toughness is challenging due to their intrinsic conflicts. Herein, we report a simultaneous improvement in strength, toughness, and modulus of heterocyclic aramid fibers by 26%, 66%, and 13%, respectively, via polymerizing a small amount (0.05 wt%) of short aminated single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs), achieving a tensile strength of 6.44 ± 0.11 GPa, a toughness of 184.0 ± 11.4 MJ m-3, and a Young's modulus of 141.7 ± 4.0 GPa. Mechanism analyses reveal that short aminated SWNTs improve the crystallinity and orientation degree by affecting the structures of heterocyclic aramid chains around SWNTs, and in situ polymerization increases the interfacial interaction therein to promote stress transfer and suppress strain localization. These two effects account for the simultaneous improvement in strength and toughness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Luo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, School of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), 100095, Beijing, China
| | - Yeye Wen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, School of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), 100095, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangzheng Jia
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, China
| | - Xudong Lei
- Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
- School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenfei Gao
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), 100095, Beijing, China
| | - Muqiang Jian
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), 100095, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihua Xiao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, School of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), 100095, Beijing, China
| | - Lanying Li
- China Bluestar Chengrand Chemical Co., Ltd, 611430, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiangwei Zhang
- Science Center of Energy Material and Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, 010021, Hohhot, China
| | - Tao Li
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), 100095, Beijing, China
| | - Hongliang Dong
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, 201203, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianqian Wu
- Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China.
- School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China.
| | - Enlai Gao
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, China.
| | - Kun Jiao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, School of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), 100095, Beijing, China.
| | - Jin Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, School of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), 100095, Beijing, China.
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Al Abir A, Chakrabarti D, Trindade B. Fused Filament Fabricated Poly(lactic acid) Parts Reinforced with Short Carbon Fiber and Graphene Nanoparticles with Improved Tribological Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15112451. [PMID: 37299249 DOI: 10.3390/polym15112451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the mechanical and tribological properties of 3D-printed Poly (lactic acid) (PLA) composites reinforced with different concentrations of carbon fibers (SCF) and graphene nanoparticles (GNP) (0.5 to 5 wt.% of each filler). The samples were produced using FFF (fused filament fabrication) 3D printing. The results showed a good dispersion of the fillers in the composites. SCF and GNP promoted the crystallization of the PLA filaments. The hardness, elastic modulus, and specific wear resistance grew with the increase in the filler concentration. A hardness improvement of about 30% was observed for the composite with 5 wt.% of SCF + 5 wt.% GNP (PSG-5) compared to PLA. The same trend was observed for the elastic modulus with an increase of 220%. All the composites presented lower coefficients of friction (0.49 to 0.6) than PLA (0.71). The composite PSG-5 sample showed the lowest value of specific wear rate (4.04 × 10-4 mm3/N.m), corresponding to about a five times reduction compared to PLA. Therefore, it was concluded that the addition of GNP and SCF to PLA made it possible to obtain composites with better mechanical and tribological behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anzum Al Abir
- CEMMPRE-Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes, University of Coimbra, Rua Luís Reis Santos, 3030-788 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Dipto Chakrabarti
- CEMMPRE-Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes, University of Coimbra, Rua Luís Reis Santos, 3030-788 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Bruno Trindade
- CEMMPRE-Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes, University of Coimbra, Rua Luís Reis Santos, 3030-788 Coimbra, Portugal
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24
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Abir AA, Trindade B. A Comparative Study of Different Poly (Lactic Acid) Bio-Composites Produced by Mechanical Alloying and Casting for Tribological Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16041608. [PMID: 36837237 PMCID: PMC9959764 DOI: 10.3390/ma16041608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to fabricate different self-lubricating poly (lactic acid)-based bio-composites reinforced with mono- and multi-fillers of carbon fibers, graphene nanoparticles, and a soft Sn-based brazing alloy (Sn89-Zn8-Bi3) using a two-step process consisting of mechanical alloying followed by casting. The results showed that the incorporation of the different fillers on the PLA surface by mechanical alloying was quite homogenous. The volume ratio between the PLA and the fillers was 1:0.02, respectively. The PLA sample reinforced with short carbon fibers and graphene nanoparticles presented the highest hardness (84.5 Shore D, corresponding to a 10% increase compared to PLA) and the lowest specific wear rate (1.5 × 10-4 mm3/N·m, one order of magnitude lower than PLA). With regard to the coefficient of friction, the lowest value was obtained for the sample reinforced with graphene (0.43, corresponding to a decrease of 12% compared to PLA).
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Kavousi Heidari M, Pourmadadi M, Yazdian F, Rashedi H, Ebrahimi SAS, Bagher Z, Navaei-Nigjeh M, Haghirosadat BF. Wound dressing based on PVA nanofiber containing silk fibroin modified with GO/ZnO nanoparticles for superficial wound healing: In vitro and in vivo evaluations. Biotechnol Prog 2023:e3331. [PMID: 36751979 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.3331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Silk fibroin (SF), extracted from Bombyx mori, has unique physicochemical properties to achieve an efficient wound dressing. In this study, reduced graphene oxide (RGO)/ZnO NPs/silk fibroin nanocomposite was made, and an innovative nanofiber of SF/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/RGO/ZnO NPs was ready with the electrospinning technique and successfully characterized. The results of MIC and OD analyses were used to investigate the synthesized materials' antibacterial effects and displayed that the synthesized materials could inhibit growth against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. However, both in vitro cytotoxicity (MTT) and scratch wound studies have shown that RGO/ZnO NPs and SF/PVA/RGO/ZnO NPs are not only non-toxic to NIH 3T3 fibroblasts, but also can cause cell viability, cell proliferation, and cell migration. Furthermore, improving the synthesized nanofiber's structural properties in the presence of RGO and ZnO NPs has been confirmed by performing tensile strength, contact angle, and biodegradation analyses. Also, in a cell attachment analysis, fibroblast cells had migrated and expanded well in the nanofibrous structures. Moreover, in vivo assay, SF/PVA/RGO/ZnO NPs nanofiber treated rats and has been shown significant healing activity and tissue regeneration compared with other treated groups. Therefore, this study suggests that SF/PVA/RGO/ZnO NPs nanofiber is a hopeful wound dressing for preventing bacteria growth and improving superficial wound repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Kavousi Heidari
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrab Pourmadadi
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Yazdian
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Science and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Rashedi
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sayed Ali Seyyed Ebrahimi
- Advanced Magnetic Materials Research Center, School of Metallurgy and Materials, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohreh Bagher
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center and Department, The Five Senses Health Institute, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mona Navaei-Nigjeh
- Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Science (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bibi Fatemeh Haghirosadat
- Department of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, School of Paramedicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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26
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Meskher H, Ragdi T, Thakur AK, Ha S, Khelfaoui I, Sathyamurthy R, Sharshir SW, Pandey AK, Saidur R, Singh P, Sharifian Jazi F, Lynch I. A Review on CNTs-Based Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors: Unique Properties and Potential Applications. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2023; 54:2398-2421. [PMID: 36724894 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2023.2171277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), are safe, biocompatible, bioactive, and biodegradable materials, and have sparked a lot of attention due to their unique characteristics in a variety of applications, including medical and dye industries, paper manufacturing and water purification. CNTs also have a strong film-forming potential, permitting them to be widely employed in constructing sensors and biosensors. This review concentrates on the application of CNT-based nanocomposites in the production of electrochemical sensors and biosensors. It emphasizes the synthesis and optimization of CNT-based sensors for a range of applications and outlines the benefits of using CNTs for biomolecule immobilization. In addition, the use of molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP)-CNTs in the production of electrochemical sensors is also discussed. The challenges faced by the current CNTs-based sensors, along with some the future perspectives and their future opportunities, are also briefly explained in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hicham Meskher
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Kasdi-Merbah University, Ouargla, Algeria
| | - Teqwa Ragdi
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Kasdi-Merbah University, Ouargla, Algeria
| | - Amrit Kumar Thakur
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sohmyung Ha
- Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE
- Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Issam Khelfaoui
- School of Insurance and Economics, University of International Business and Economics, Beijing, China
| | - Ravishankar Sathyamurthy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Renewable Energy and Power Systems (IRC-REPS), King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Swellam W Sharshir
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - A K Pandey
- Research Centre for Nano-Materials and Energy Technology (RCNMET), School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research (CFTR), Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Services, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
- CoE for Energy and Eco-sustainability Research, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Rahman Saidur
- Research Centre for Nano-Materials and Energy Technology (RCNMET), School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Punit Singh
- Institute of Engineering and Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, GLA University Mathura, Chaumuhan, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Iseult Lynch
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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27
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Simbirtseva GV, Babenko SD, Kiryukhin DP, Arbuzov AA. Electrophysical Properties of Binary Carbon Nanocomposites. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B 2023. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990793123010116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
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28
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Zare Y, Rhee KY, Park SJ. Progressing of a power model for electrical conductivity of graphene-based composites. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1596. [PMID: 36709238 PMCID: PMC9884220 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28232-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This work presents a power equation for the conductivity of graphene-based polymer composites by the tunneling length, interphase deepness and filler size. The impressions of these factors on the effective concentration and percolation beginning of graphene nano-sheets in nanocomposites are also expressed. The developed equations for percolation beginning and conductivity are examined by the experimented data of some examples, which can guesstimate the interphase depth, tunneling size and percolation exponent. Besides, the impacts of numerous factors on the percolation beginning and conductivity are designed. The developed equation for percolation beginning shows the formation of thick interphase and large tunnels in the reported samples. So, disregarding of tunneling and interphase spaces in polymer graphene nanocomposites overpredicts the percolation beginning. Additionally, the developed model presents the acceptable calculations for the conductivity of samples. Among the mentioned parameters, the concentration and graphene conductivity in addition to the interphase depth induce the strongest effects on the conductivity of composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser Zare
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Interdisciplinary Technologies, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Kyong Yop Rhee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering (BK21 Four), College of Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea.
| | - Soo-Jin Park
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea.
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29
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Guadagno L, Longo R, Aliberti F, Lamberti P, Tucci V, Pantani R, Spinelli G, Catauro M, Vertuccio L. Role of MWCNTs Loading in Designing Self-Sensing and Self-Heating Structural Elements. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:495. [PMID: 36770456 PMCID: PMC9920374 DOI: 10.3390/nano13030495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This work proposes nanocomposites with carbon nanotubes characterized by self-sensing and self-heating properties. Recently, a growing interest in these two properties has been found in many industrial sectors, especially in the aerospace and automotive fields. While the self-sensing function allows diagnosing the presence of micro-damage in the material thanks to the detection of residual resistance, the self-heating function is exploited to properly tune the heating performance in terms of the heating rate and final temperature values. An electrical percolation value of around 0.5% by weight of carbon nanotubes was found by electrical characterization. The AC conductivity of the nanocomposites, in the range of 100 Hz to 1 MHz, evidences that beyond a CNTs amount of 0.5% wt/wt, they are characterized by a purely resistive behavior. The self-sensing analysis displayed a gauge factor value of 4.1. The solid thermal stability up to 300 °C makes the material suitable as a heating element at high temperatures. SEM investigations and temperature maps evidence a good dispersion of the conductive filler in the epoxy matrix and, consequently, good isotropy in heat distribution. As regards the trend of electrical resistance by varying the temperature, the electro-thermal investigation has shown the presence of both Positive Temperature Coefficient (PTC) and Negative Temperature Coefficient (NTC) behaviors with a predominance of NTC as soon as the temperature becomes closer to the glass transition temperature of the epoxy resin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liberata Guadagno
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Raffaele Longo
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Francesca Aliberti
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Patrizia Lamberti
- Department of Information and Electrical Engineering and Applied Mathematics University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Tucci
- Department of Information and Electrical Engineering and Applied Mathematics University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Roberto Pantani
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Giovanni Spinelli
- Faculty of Transport Sciences and Technologies University of Study “Giustino Fortunato”, Viale Raffaele Delcogliano 12, 82100 Benevento, Italy
- Open Laboratory on Experimental Micro and Nano Mechanics, Institute of Mechanics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Georgi Bonchev Street, Block 4, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Michelina Catauro
- Department of Engineering, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Roma 29, 81031 Aversa, Italy
| | - Luigi Vertuccio
- Department of Engineering, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Roma 29, 81031 Aversa, Italy
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30
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Sacco LN, Vollebregt S. Overview of Engineering Carbon Nanomaterials Such As Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs), Carbon Nanofibers (CNFs), Graphene and Nanodiamonds and Other Carbon Allotropes inside Porous Anodic Alumina (PAA) Templates. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:260. [PMID: 36678014 PMCID: PMC9861583 DOI: 10.3390/nano13020260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The fabrication and design of carbon-based hierarchical structures with tailored nano-architectures have attracted the enormous attention of the materials science community due to their exceptional chemical and physical properties. The collective control of nano-objects, in terms of their dimensionality, orientation and size, is of paramount importance to expand the implementation of carbon nanomaterials across a large variety of applications. In this context, porous anodic alumina (PAA) has become an attractive template where the pore morphologies can be straightforwardly modulated. The synthesis of diverse carbon nanomaterials can be performed using PAA templates, such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), carbon nanofibers (CNFs), and nanodiamonds, or can act as support for other carbon allotropes such as graphene and other carbon nanoforms. However, the successful growth of carbon nanomaterials within ordered PAA templates typically requires a series of stages involving the template fabrication, nanostructure growth and finally an etching or electrode metallization steps, which all encounter different challenges towards a nanodevice fabrication. The present review article describes the advantages and challenges associated with the fabrication of carbon materials in PAA based materials and aims to give a renewed momentum to this topic within the materials science community by providing an exhaustive overview of the current synthesis approaches and the most relevant applications based on PAA/Carbon nanostructures materials. Finally, the perspective and opportunities in the field are presented.
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31
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Roy A, Kar S, Ghosal R, Mukhopadhyay R, Naskar K, Bhowmick AK. Unique graphene‐carbon black hybrid nanofiller by a micromechanical cleavage technique as a reinforcing agent in elastomers: Fundamental and experimental studies. J Appl Polym Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Roy
- Rubber Technology Centre, IIT Kharagpur Kharagpur West Bengal India
| | - Saptarshi Kar
- Birla Carbon India Private Limited, MIDC Taloja Mumbai Maharashtra India
| | - Ranjan Ghosal
- Birla Carbon India Private Limited, MIDC Taloja Mumbai Maharashtra India
| | | | - Kinsuk Naskar
- Rubber Technology Centre, IIT Kharagpur Kharagpur West Bengal India
| | - Anil K. Bhowmick
- Rubber Technology Centre, IIT Kharagpur Kharagpur West Bengal India
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32
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Mahalingam S, Omar A, Manap A, Rahim NA. Synthesis and applications of carbon-polymer composites and nanocomposite functional materials. FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS FROM CARBON, INORGANIC, AND ORGANIC SOURCES 2023:71-105. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-85788-8.00020-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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33
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H 2 Uptake and Diffusion Characteristics in Sulfur-Crosslinked Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer Polymer Composites with Carbon Black and Silica Fillers after High-Pressure Hydrogen Exposure Reaching 90 MPa. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 15:polym15010162. [PMID: 36616510 PMCID: PMC9824334 DOI: 10.3390/polym15010162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the influence of two fillers-CB (carbon black) and silica-on the H2 permeation of EPDM polymers crosslinked with sulfur in the pressure ranges 1.2-90 MPa. H2 uptake in the CB-blended EPDM revealed dual sorption (Henry's law and Langmuir model) when exposed to pressure. This phenomenon indicates that H2 uptake is determined by the polymer chain and filler-surface absorption characteristics. Moreover, single sorption characteristics for neat and silica-blended EPDM specimens obey Henry's law, indicating that H2 uptake is dominated by polymer chain absorption. The pressure-dependent diffusivity for the CB-filled EPDM is explained by Knudsen and bulk diffusion, divided at the critical pressure region. The neat and silica-blended EPDM specimens revealed that bulk diffusion behaviors decrease with decreasing pressure. The H2 diffusivities in CB-filled EPDM composites decrease because the impermeable filler increases the tortuosity in the polymer and causes filler-polymer interactions; the linear decrease in diffusivity in silica-blended EPDM was attributed to an increase in the tortuosity. Good correlations of permeability with density and tensile strength were observed. From the investigated relationships, it is possible to select EPDM candidates with the lowest H2-permeation properties as seal materials to prevent gas leakage under high pressure in H2-refueling stations.
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34
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Production and Application of Polymer Foams Employing Supercritical Carbon Dioxide. ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/8905115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Polymeric foams have characteristics that make them attractive for different applications. However, some foaming methods rely on chemicals that are not environmentally friendly. One of the possibilities to tackle the environmental issue is to utilize supercritical carbon dioxide ScCO2 since it is a “green” solvent, thus facilitating a sustainable method of producing foams. ScCO2 is nontoxic, chemically inert, and soluble in molten plastic. It can act as a plasticizer, decreasing the viscosity of polymers according to temperature and pressure. Most foam processes can benefit from ScCO2 since the methods rely on nucleation, growth, and expansion mechanisms. Process considerations such as pretreatment, temperature, pressure, pressure drop, and diffusion time are relevant parameters for foaming. Other variables such as additives, fillers, and chain extenders also play a role in the foaming process. This review highlights the morphology, performance, and features of the foam produced with ScCO2, considering relevant aspects of replacing or introducing a novel foam. Recent findings related to foaming assisted by ScCO2 and how processing parameters influence the foam product are addressed. In addition, we discuss possible applications where foams have significant benefits. This review shows the recent progress and possibilities of ScCO2 in processing polymer foams.
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Yuan W, Xiao K, Wu X, Wang J, Ma T, Song H, Huang C. Carbon nanotube sponges filled sandwich panels with superior high-power continuous wave laser resistance. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21435. [PMID: 36509854 PMCID: PMC9744888 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25829-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Effect of highly-porous and lightweight carbon nanotube sponges on the high-power continuous wave laser ablation resistance of the sandwich panel was investigated experimentally. As a comparison, thermal responses of monolithic plate, carbon nanotube film filled sandwich panel, unfilled sandwich panel and carbon nanotube sponge filled sandwich panel subjected to continuous wave laser irradiation were analyzed. Experimental results showed that the laser resistance of the carbon nanotube filled sandwich panel is obviously higher than the unfilled structure. The added failure time of the sandwich panel by filling the cores with the carbon nanotube sponge of unit mass was about 18 times and 33 times longer than that by filling with the conventional ablative and insulated material. It could be understood by the high thermal diffusion coefficient and latent heat of sublimation of the carbon nanotube sponge. During ablation by the continuous wave, the carbon nanotube sponge not only fast consumed the absorbed laser energy through phase change of a large-area material due to its high latent heat of sublimation, but also quickly dispersed the heat energy introduced by the continuous wave laser due to its high thermal diffusion coefficient, leading to the extraordinary laser ablation resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Yuan
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Key Laboratory for Mechanics in Fluid-Solid Coupling Systems, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Kailu Xiao
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Key Laboratory for Mechanics in Fluid-Solid Coupling Systems, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Xianqian Wu
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Key Laboratory for Mechanics in Fluid-Solid Coupling Systems, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China ,grid.20861.3d0000000107068890Materials and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA
| | - Jiangtao Wang
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Key Laboratory for Mechanics in Fluid-Solid Coupling Systems, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Te Ma
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Key Laboratory for Mechanics in Fluid-Solid Coupling Systems, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Hongwei Song
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Key Laboratory for Mechanics in Fluid-Solid Coupling Systems, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Chenguang Huang
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309Key Laboratory for Mechanics in Fluid-Solid Coupling Systems, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
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Liu H, Lao Y, Wang J, Jiang J, Yu C, Liu Y. Rational Design of Mesoporous Silica (SBA-15)/PF (Phenolic Resin) Nanocomposites by Tuning the Pore Sizes of Mesoporous Silica. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:8879. [PMID: 36556683 PMCID: PMC9783265 DOI: 10.3390/ma15248879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The development of composite materials with functional additives proved to be an effective way to improve or supplement the required properties of polymers. Herein, mesoporous silica (SBA-15) with different pore sizes were used as functional additives to prepare SBA-15/PF (phenolic resin) nanocomposites, which were prepared by in situ polymerization and then, compression molding. The physical properties and structural parameters of SBA-15 with different pore sizes were characterized by N2 adsorption-desorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The thermal properties of the SBA-15/PF hybrid were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The mechanical, friction, and dynamic mechanical properties of SBA-15/PF nanocomposites were also studied. The results revealed that the pore sizes of SBA-15 have a significant effect on the resulting SBA-15/PF hybrid and SBA-15/PF nanocomposites. The thermal stability of the SBA-15/PF hybrid was dramatically improved in comparison with pure PF. The friction and dynamic mechanical properties of the SBA-15/PF nanocomposites were enhanced significantly. Specifically, the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the nanocomposite increased by 19.0 °C for the SBA-15/PF nanocomposites modified with SBA-15-3. In addition, the nanocomposite exhibited a more stable friction coefficient and a lower wear rate at a high temperature. The enhancement in thermal and frictional properties for the nanocomposites is ascribed to the confinement of the PF chains or chain segments in the mesopores channels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Chuanbai Yu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Yuanli Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Materials and Devices, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
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Chen L, Wang CF, Liu C, Chen S. Facile Access to Fabricate Carbon Dots and Perspective of Large-Scale Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022:e2206671. [PMID: 36479832 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs), fluorescent carbon nanoparticles with particle sizes < 10 nm, are constantly being developed for potential large-scale applications. Recently, methods allow CD synthesis to be carried out on large-scale preparation in a controlled fashion are potentially important for multiple disciplines, including bottom-up strategy, top-down method. In this review, the recent progresses in the research of the methods for large-scale production of CDs and their functionalization are summarized. Especially, the methods of CD synthesis, such as large-scale preparation, hydrothermal/solvothermal, microwave-assisted, magnetic hyperthermia microfluidic and other methods, along with functionalization of CDs, are summarized in detail. By promising applications of CDs, there are three aspects have been already reported, such as enhancing mechanical properties, flame retardancy, and energy storage. Also, future development of CDs is prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lintao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and Functional, Polymer Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Cai-Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and Functional, Polymer Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and Functional, Polymer Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Su Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and Functional, Polymer Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
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Preparation and properties of CNTs-Cu hybrids/epoxy superhydrophobic and anticorrosive coatings. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2022.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Physicochemical Modifications on Thin Films of Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate) and Its Nanocomposite with Expanded Graphite Nanostructured by Ultraviolet and Infrared Femtosecond Laser Irradiation. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14235243. [PMID: 36501637 PMCID: PMC9737047 DOI: 10.3390/polym14235243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, the formation of laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) on the surfaces of thin films of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and PET reinforced with expanded graphite (EG) was studied. Laser irradiation was carried out by ultraviolet (265 nm) and near-infrared (795 nm) femtosecond laser pulses, and LIPSS were formed in both materials. In all cases, LIPSS had a period close to the irradiation wavelength and were formed parallel to the polarization of the laser beam, although, in the case of UV irradiation, differences in the formation range were observed due to the different thermal properties of the neat polymer in comparison to the composite. To monitor the modification of the physicochemical properties of the surfaces after irradiation as a function of the laser wavelength and of the presence of the filler, different techniques were used. Contact angle measurements were carried out using different reference liquids to measure the wettability and the solid surface free energies. The initially hydrophilic surfaces became more hydrophilic after ultraviolet irradiation, while they evolved to become hydrophobic under near-infrared laser irradiation. The values of the surface free energy components showed changes after nanostructuring, mainly in the polar component. Additionally, for UV-irradiated surfaces, adhesion, determined by the colloidal probe technique, increased, while, for NIR irradiation, adhesion decreased. Finally, nanomechanical properties were measured by the PeakForce Quantitative Nanomechanical Mapping method, obtaining maps of elastic modulus, adhesion, and deformation. The results showed an increase in the elastic modulus in the PET/EG, confirming the reinforcing action of the EG in the polymer matrix. Additionally, an increase in the elastic modulus was observed after LIPSS formation.
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Qin Y, Wang Y, Liu J, Chen F, Yao A, Chen Z, Junyu F. Study on the Mechanical Properties of Functional Graphene/Polyethylene Composites by Molecular Dynamics Simulation. Macromol Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-022-0095-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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41
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Kumar Singaravel D, Sharma S, Kumar P. Recent progress in experimental and molecular dynamics study of carbon nanotube reinforced rubber composites: a review. POLYM-PLAST TECH MAT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/25740881.2022.2084411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dhinesh Kumar Singaravel
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dr. BR Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar, 144011, India
| | - Sumit Sharma
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dr. BR Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar, 144011, India
| | - Pramod Kumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dr. BR Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar, 144011, India
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Carbon-based Nanocomposite Decorated with Bioactive Glass and CoNi2S4 Nanoparticles with Potential for Bone Tissue Engineering. OPENNANO 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.onano.2022.100102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Sandanamsamy L, Harun WSW, Ishak I, Romlay FRM, Kadirgama K, Ramasamy D, Idris SRA, Tsumori F. A comprehensive review on fused deposition modelling of polylactic acid. PROGRESS IN ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING 2022; 8:1-25. [PMID: 38625345 PMCID: PMC9619022 DOI: 10.1007/s40964-022-00356-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) is one of the additive manufacturing (AM) techniques that have emerged as the most feasible and prevalent approach for generating functional parts due to its ability to produce neat and intricate parts. FDM mainly utilises one of the widely used polymers, polylactic acid, also known as polylactide (PLA). It is an aliphatic polyester material and biocompatible thermoplastic, with the best design prospects due to its eco-friendly properties; when PLA degrades, it breaks down into water and carbon dioxide, neither of which are hazardous to the environment. However, PLA has its limitations of poor mechanical properties. Therefore, a filler reinforcement may enhance the characteristics of PLA and produce higher-quality FDM-printed parts. The processing parameters also play a significant role in the final result of the printed parts. This review aims to study and discover the properties of PLA and the optimum processing parameters. This review covers PLA in FDM, encompassing its mechanical properties, processing parameters, characterisation, and applications. A comprehensive description of FDM processing parameters is outlined as it plays a vital role in determining the quality of a printed product. In addition, PLA polymer is highly desirable for various field industrial applications such as in a medical, automobile, and electronic, given its excellent thermoplastic and biodegradability properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Sandanamsamy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang, 26300 Kuantan, Pahang Malaysia
| | - W. S. W. Harun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang, 26300 Kuantan, Pahang Malaysia
| | - I. Ishak
- Faculty of Manufacturing and Mechatronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 26600 Pekan, Malaysia
| | - F. R. M. Romlay
- Faculty of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 26600 Pekan, Pahang Malaysia
| | - K. Kadirgama
- Faculty of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 26600 Pekan, Pahang Malaysia
| | - D. Ramasamy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang, 26300 Kuantan, Pahang Malaysia
| | - S. R. A. Idris
- Faculty of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 26600 Pekan, Pahang Malaysia
| | - F. Tsumori
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-Ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395 Japan
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Sansotera M, Marona V, Marziani P, Dintcheva NT, Morici E, Arrigo R, Bussetti G, Navarrini W, Magagnin L. Flexible Perfluoropolyethers-Functionalized CNTs-Based UHMWPE Composites: A Study on Hydrogen Evolution, Conductivity and Thermal Stability. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:6883. [PMID: 36234224 PMCID: PMC9571002 DOI: 10.3390/ma15196883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Flexible conductive composites based on ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) filled with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) modified by perfluoropolyethers (PFPEs) were produced. The bonding of PFPE chains, added in 1:1 and 2:1 weight ratios, on CNTs influences the dispersion of nanotubes in the UHMWPE matrix due to the non-polar nature of the polymer, facilitating the formation of nanofillers-rich conductive pathways and improving composites' electrical conductivity (two to five orders of magnitude more) in comparison to UHMWPE-based nanocomposites obtained with pristine CNTs. Electrochemical atomic force microscopy (EC-AFM) was used to evaluate the morphological changes during cyclic voltammetry (CV). The decrease of the overpotential for hydrogen oxidation peaks in samples containing PFPE-functionalized CNTs and hydrogen production (approximately -1.0 V vs. SHE) suggests that these samples could find application in fuel cell technology as well as in hydrogen storage devices. Carbon black-containing composites were prepared for comparative study with CNTs containing nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Sansotera
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica, Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (UdR-PoliMi), Via G. Giusti, 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Valeria Marona
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica, Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (UdR-PoliMi), Via G. Giusti, 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Piergiorgio Marziani
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica, Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Nadka Tzankova Dintcheva
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 6, 90128 Palermo, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (UdR-Palermo), Via G. Giusti, 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Morici
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 6, 90128 Palermo, Italy
- Advanced Technologies Network (ATeN) Center, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Ed. 18, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Rossella Arrigo
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 6, 90128 Palermo, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (UdR-Palermo), Via G. Giusti, 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Gianlorenzo Bussetti
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Walter Navarrini
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica, Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (UdR-PoliMi), Via G. Giusti, 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Luca Magagnin
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica, Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (UdR-PoliMi), Via G. Giusti, 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
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Liu Y, Duan H, Huang Q. Multiscale effect of graphene oxide with short carbon fiber for property improvement of room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-021-03919-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Sadati V, Khakbiz M, Chagami M, Bagheri R, Chashmi FS, Akbari B, Shakibania S, Lee KB. Experimental investigation and finite element modelling of PMMA/carbon nanotube nanobiocomposites for bone cement applications. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:6800-6811. [PMID: 36043848 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm00637e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are one of the preferred candidates for reinforcing polymeric nanobiocomposites, such as acrylic bone type of cement. In this study, at first, bulk samples of the reinforced polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) matrix were prepared with 0.1, 0.25, and 0.5 wt per wt% of MWCNTs by the casting method. Tensile and three-point bending tests were performed to determine the essential mechanical properties of bone cement, such as tensile and bending strengths. The tensile fracture surfaces were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The commercial software (Abaqus) was used to conduct finite element analysis (FEA) by constructing a representative volume element (RVE) model for numerically computing the tensile and bending parameters of PMMA-MWCNT nanocomposites. Finally, MTT assays were utilized to evaluate the cell viability on the surface of nanobiocomposites. The results show that by increasing the MWCNT amount in the PMMA-based cement, the bending strengths (BS), tensile strength (TS), and elastic modulus (EM) increased considerably. Furthermore, the disparity between the FEA and experimental TS, EM, and BS values was less than 20%. According to MTT viability experiments, adding MWCNTs to PMMA had no influence on PMMA toxicity and resulted in a negative response to interaction with mesenchymal stem cells. The cell density on the nanobiocomposite was more than pristine-PMMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahideh Sadati
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, North Kargar Ave., PO Box 14395-1561, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehrdad Khakbiz
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, North Kargar Ave., PO Box 14395-1561, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Milad Chagami
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, North Kargar Ave., PO Box 14395-1561, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Reza Bagheri
- Department of Materials science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Salahi Chashmi
- Department of Materials science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Babak Akbari
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, North Kargar Ave., PO Box 14395-1561, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sara Shakibania
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, North Kargar Ave., PO Box 14395-1561, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ki-Bum Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
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Alhendal A, Shiju J, Rashad M, Al-Sagheer F, Ahmad Z. Synthesis and characterization of aramid composites reinforced with silanized graphene platelets. RSC Adv 2022; 12:26753-26762. [PMID: 36320856 PMCID: PMC9490764 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra04797g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of aramid composites reinforced with graphene platelets are reported. Hydroxy-functionalised graphene platelets were modified with two sol-gel binders (aminopropyl- or aminophenyl-trialkoxysilanes) and then chemically linked with aramid chains. The effect of the two sol-gel binders on the physiochemical and mechanical properties was evaluated. Chemical changes during the sol-gel reaction and subsequent amidation process in the nano-composite preparation were evaluated by the XPS and FTIR analyses. Thin films of these composites with different proportions of graphene were prepared. Morphology of the hybrids prepared was studied by the SEM technique. Properties of the composite films were studied by dynamical mechanical thermal (DMT) analysis to measure their glass transition temperature (T g) and storage modulus. These properties have been compared with previously reported values using pristine graphene (Gr) as a filler. The increase in thermal mechanical properties on addition of silanized graphene (SiGr) showed a large shift in the T g and more increase in storage modulus by chemically binding SiGr sheets on the aramid chains. Aminophenyl-trialkoxysilane was found to give better results due to the presence of phenyl groups which were more rigid than propyl groups present in aminopropyl-trialkoxysilane. The effect of chemical bonding and the possible π-π secondary bond interactions between the matrix and graphene platelets on the properties of the resulting hybrids are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Alhendal
- Department of Chemistry, Kuwait University P. O. Box 5969 Safat 13060 Kuwait
| | - Jessy Shiju
- Department of Chemistry, Kuwait University P. O. Box 5969 Safat 13060 Kuwait
| | - Mohamed Rashad
- Department of Chemistry, Kuwait University P. O. Box 5969 Safat 13060 Kuwait
| | - Fakhreia Al-Sagheer
- Department of Chemistry, Kuwait University P. O. Box 5969 Safat 13060 Kuwait
| | - Zahoor Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Kuwait University P. O. Box 5969 Safat 13060 Kuwait
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Swain SS, Unnikrishnan L, Mohanty S, Nayak SK. Facile synthesis methodology and characterization studies of silica decorated hybridized anisotropic nanotubes and nanosheets. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.7148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suchhanda S. Swain
- Laboratory for Advanced Research in Polymeric Materials (LARPM) Central Institute of Plastics Engineering & Technology (CIPET) Bhubaneswar Odisha India
| | - Lakshmi Unnikrishnan
- Laboratory for Advanced Research in Polymeric Materials (LARPM) Central Institute of Plastics Engineering & Technology (CIPET) Bhubaneswar Odisha India
| | - Smita Mohanty
- Laboratory for Advanced Research in Polymeric Materials (LARPM) Central Institute of Plastics Engineering & Technology (CIPET) Bhubaneswar Odisha India
| | - Sanjay K. Nayak
- Laboratory for Advanced Research in Polymeric Materials (LARPM) Central Institute of Plastics Engineering & Technology (CIPET) Bhubaneswar Odisha India
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Kausar A. Carbon nanopeapod encapsulating fullerene and inorganic nanoparticle toward polymeric nanocomposite: tailored features and promises. POLYM-PLAST TECH MAT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/25740881.2022.2069039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Kausar
- Nanosciences Division, National Center For Physics, Quaid-i-Azam University Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Experimental investigation on the application of FDM 3D printed conductive ABS-CB composite in EMI shielding. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2022.110263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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