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Chen AM, Gajdošík M, Ahmed W, Ahn S, Babb JS, Blessing EM, Boutajangout A, de Leon MJ, Debure L, Gaggi N, Gajdošík M, George A, Ghuman M, Glodzik L, Harvey P, Juchem C, Marsh K, Peralta R, Rusinek H, Sheriff S, Vedvyas A, Wisniewski T, Zheng H, Osorio R, Kirov II. Retrospective analysis of Braak stage- and APOE4 allele-dependent associations between MR spectroscopy and markers of tau and neurodegeneration in cognitively unimpaired elderly. Neuroimage 2024; 297:120742. [PMID: 39029606 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD), amyloid, tau, and associated neurodegeneration, are present in the cortical gray matter (GM) years before symptom onset, and at significantly greater levels in carriers of the apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) allele. Their respective biomarkers, A/T/N, have been found to correlate with aspects of brain biochemistry, measured with magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), indicating a potential for MRS to augment the A/T/N framework for staging and prediction of AD. Unfortunately, the relationships between MRS and A/T/N biomarkers are unclear, largely due to a lack of studies examining them in the context of the spatial and temporal model of T/N progression. Advanced MRS acquisition and post-processing approaches have enabled us to address this knowledge gap and test the hypotheses, that glutamate-plus-glutamine (Glx) and N-acetyl-aspartate (NAA), metabolites reflecting synaptic and neuronal health, respectively, measured from regions on the Braak stage continuum, correlate with: (i) cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) p-tau181 level (T), and (ii) hippocampal volume or cortical thickness of parietal lobe GM (N). We hypothesized that these correlations will be moderated by Braak stage and APOE4 genotype. METHODS We conducted a retrospective imaging study of 34 cognitively unimpaired elderly individuals who received APOE4 genotyping and lumbar puncture from pre-existing prospective studies at the NYU Grossman School of Medicine between October 2014 and January 2019. Subjects returned for their imaging exam between April 2018 and February 2020. Metabolites were measured from the left hippocampus (Braak II) using a single-voxel semi-adiabatic localization by adiabatic selective refocusing sequence; and from the bilateral posterior cingulate cortex (PCC; Braak IV), bilateral precuneus (Braak V), and bilateral precentral gyrus (Braak VI) using a multi-voxel echo-planar spectroscopic imaging sequence. Pearson and Spearman correlations were used to examine the relationships between absolute levels of choline, creatine, myo-inositol, Glx, and NAA and CSF p-tau181, and between these metabolites and hippocampal volume or parietal cortical thicknesses. Covariates included age, sex, years of education, Fazekas score, and months between CSF collection and MRI exam. RESULTS There was a direct correlation between hippocampal Glx and CSF p-tau181 in APOE4 carriers (Pearson's r = 0.76, p = 0.02), but not after adjusting for covariates. In the entire cohort, there was a direct correlation between hippocampal NAA and hippocampal volume (Spearman's r = 0.55, p = 0.001), even after adjusting for age and Fazekas score (Spearman's r = 0.48, p = 0.006). This relationship was observed only in APOE4 carriers (Pearson's r = 0.66, p = 0.017), and was also retained after adjustment (Pearson's r = 0.76, p = 0.008; metabolite-by-carrier interaction p = 0.03). There were no findings in the PCC, nor in the negative control (late Braak stage) regions of the precuneus and precentral gyrus. CONCLUSIONS Our findings are in line with the spatially- and temporally-resolved Braak staging model of pathological severity in which the hippocampus is affected earlier than the PCC. The correlations, between MRS markers of synaptic and neuronal health and, respectively, T and N pathology, were found exclusively within APOE4 carriers, suggesting a connection with AD pathological change, rather than with normal aging. We therefore conclude that MRS has the potential to augment early A/T/N staging, with the hippocampus serving as a more sensitive MRS target compared to the PCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Chen
- Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI(2)R), Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Vilcek Institute of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Martin Gajdošík
- Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI(2)R), Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wajiha Ahmed
- Center for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sinyeob Ahn
- Siemens Medical Solutions USA Inc., Malvern, PA, USA
| | - James S Babb
- Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI(2)R), Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Esther M Blessing
- Department of Psychiatry, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Healthy Brain Aging and Sleep Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Allal Boutajangout
- Center for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mony J de Leon
- Retired Director, Center for Brain Health, Department of Psychiatry, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Brain Health Imaging Institute, Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ludovic Debure
- Center for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Naomi Gaggi
- Department of Psychiatry, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Healthy Brain Aging and Sleep Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mia Gajdošík
- Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI(2)R), Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ajax George
- Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI(2)R), Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mobeena Ghuman
- Center for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lidia Glodzik
- Brain Health Imaging Institute, Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Patrick Harvey
- Brain Health Imaging Institute, Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christoph Juchem
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Radiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Karyn Marsh
- Center for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rosemary Peralta
- Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI(2)R), Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Henry Rusinek
- Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI(2)R), Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sulaiman Sheriff
- Department of Radiology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Alok Vedvyas
- Center for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thomas Wisniewski
- Center for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Helena Zheng
- Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI(2)R), Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ricardo Osorio
- Department of Psychiatry, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Healthy Brain Aging and Sleep Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Ivan I Kirov
- Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI(2)R), Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Vilcek Institute of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Center for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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Hui SC, Zöllner HJ, Gong T, Hupfeld KE, Gudmundson AT, Murali-Manohar S, Davies-Jenkins CW, Song Y, Chen Y, Oeltzschner G, Wang G, Edden RAE. sLASER and PRESS perform similarly at revealing metabolite-age correlations at 3 T. Magn Reson Med 2024; 91:431-442. [PMID: 37876339 PMCID: PMC10942734 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the respective ability of PRESS and sLASER to reveal biological relationships, using age as a validation covariate at 3 T. METHODS MRS data were acquired from 102 healthy volunteers using PRESS and sLASER in centrum semiovale and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC). Acquisition parameters included TR/TE = 2000/30 ms, 96 transients, and 2048 datapoints sampled at 2 kHz. Spectra were analyzed using Osprey. SNR, FWHM linewidth of total creatine, and metabolite concentrations were extracted. A linear model was used to compare SNR and linewidth. Paired t-tests were used to assess differences in metabolite measurements between PRESS and sLASER. Correlations were used to evaluate the relationship between PRESS and sLASER metabolite estimates, as well as the strength of each metabolite-age relationship. Coefficients of variation were calculated to assess inter-subject variability in each metabolite measurement. RESULTS SNR and linewidth were significantly higher (p < 0.01) for sLASER than PRESS in PCC. Paired t-tests showed significant differences between PRESS and sLASER in most metabolite measurements. PRESS-sLASER measurements were significantly correlated (p < 0.05) for most metabolites. Metabolite-age relationships were consistently identified using both methods. Similar coefficients of variation were observed for most metabolites. CONCLUSION The study results suggest strong agreement between PRESS and sLASER in identifying relationships between brain metabolites and age in centrum semiovale and PCC data acquired at 3 T. sLASER is technically desirable due to the reduced chemical shift displacement artifact; however, PRESS performed similarly in homogeneous brain regions at clinical field strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve C.N. Hui
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Developing Brain Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Helge J. Zöllner
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tao Gong
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Kathleen E. Hupfeld
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Aaron T. Gudmundson
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Saipavitra Murali-Manohar
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Christopher W. Davies-Jenkins
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yulu Song
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yufan Chen
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Georg Oeltzschner
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Guangbin Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Richard A. E. Edden
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Hui SC, Gong T, Zöllner HJ, Hupfeld KE, Gudmundson AT, Murali-Manohar S, Davies-Jenkins CW, Song Y, Chen Y, Oeltzschner G, Wang G, Edden RAE. sLASER and PRESS Perform Similarly at Revealing Metabolite-Age Correlations. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.18.524597. [PMID: 36711794 PMCID: PMC9882274 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.18.524597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Purpose To compare the respective ability of PRESS and sLASER to reveal biological relationships, using age as a validation covariate. Methods MRS data were acquired from 102 healthy volunteers using PRESS and sLASER in centrum semiovale (CSO) and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) regions. Acquisition parameters included TR/TE 2000/30 ms; 96 transients; 2048 datapoints sampled at 2 kHz.Spectra were analyzed using Osprey. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), full-width-half-maximum linewidth of tCr, and metabolite concentrations were extracted. A linear model was used to compare SNR and linewidth. Paired t-tests were used to assess differences in metabolite measurements between PRESS and sLASER. Correlations were used to evaluate the relationship between PRESS and sLASER metabolite estimates, as well as the strength of each metabolite-age relationship. Coefficients of variation were calculated to assess inter-subject variability in each metabolite measurement. Results SNR and linewidth were significantly higher (p<0.05) for sLASER than PRESS. Paired t-tests showed significant differences between PRESS and sLASER in most metabolite measurements. Metabolite measures were significantly correlated (p<0.05) for most metabolites between the two methods except GABA, Gln and Lac in CSO and GSH, Lac and NAAG in PCC. Metabolite-age relationships were consistently identified using both PRESS and sLASER. Similar CVs were observed for most metabolites. Conclusion The study results suggest strong agreement between PRESS and sLASER in identifying relationships between brain metabolites and age in CSO and PCC data acquired at 3T. sLASER is technically desirable due to the reduced chemical shift displacement artifact; however, PRESS performed similarly in 'good' brain regions at clinical field strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve C.N. Hui
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tao Gong
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Helge J. Zöllner
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kathleen E. Hupfeld
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Aaron T. Gudmundson
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Saipavitra Murali-Manohar
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Christopher W. Davies-Jenkins
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yulu Song
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yufan Chen
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Georg Oeltzschner
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Guangbin Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Richard A. E. Edden
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Hui SC, Saleh MG, Zöllner HJ, Oeltzschner G, Fan H, Li Y, Song Y, Jiang H, Near J, Lu H, Mori S, Edden RAE. MRSCloud: A cloud-based MRS tool for basis set simulation. Magn Reson Med 2022; 88:1994-2004. [PMID: 35775808 PMCID: PMC9420769 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to present a cloud-based spectral simulation tool "MRSCloud," which allows MRS users to simulate a vendor-specific and sequence-specific basis set online in a convenient and time-efficient manner. This tool can simulate basis sets for GE, Philips, and Siemens MR scanners, including conventional acquisitions and spectral editing schemes with PRESS and semi-LASER localization at 3 T. METHODS The MRSCloud tool was built on the spectral simulation functionality in the FID-A software package. We added three extensions to accelerate computation (ie, one-dimensional projection method, coherence pathways filters, and precalculation of propagators). The RF waveforms were generated based on vendors' generic pulse shapes and timings. Simulations were compared within MRSCloud using different numbers of spatial resolution (21 × 21, 41 × 41, and 101 × 101). Simulated metabolite basis functions from MRSCloud were compared with those generated by the generic FID-A and MARSS, and a phantom-acquired basis set from LCModel. Intraclass correlation coefficients were calculated to measure the agreement between individual metabolite basis functions. Statistical analysis was performed using R in RStudio. RESULTS Simulation time for a full PRESS basis set is approximately 11 min on the server. The interclass correlation coefficients ICCs were at least 0.98 between MRSCloud and FID-A and were at least 0.96 between MRSCloud and MARSS. The interclass correlation coefficients between simulated MRSCloud basis spectra and acquired LCModel basis spectra were lowest for glutamine at 0.68 and highest for N-acetylaspartate at 0.96. CONCLUSIONS Substantial reductions in runtime have been achieved. High ICC values indicated that the accelerating features are running correctly and produce comparable and accurate basis sets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve C.N. Hui
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Muhammad G. Saleh
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Helge J. Zöllner
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Georg Oeltzschner
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hongli Fan
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yue Li
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- AnatomyWorks, LLC, Ellicott City, Maryland, USA
| | - Yulu Song
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hangyi Jiang
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jamie Near
- Sunnybrook Research Institute and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hanzhang Lu
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Susumu Mori
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Richard A. E. Edden
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Kumaragamage C, Coppoli A, Brown PB, McIntyre S, Nixon TW, De Feyter HM, Mason GF, de Graaf RA. Short symmetric and highly selective asymmetric first and second order gradient modulated offset independent adiabaticity (GOIA) pulses for applications in clinical MRS and MRSI. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2022; 341:107247. [PMID: 35691241 PMCID: PMC9933141 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2022.107247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Gradient modulated RF pulses, especially gradient offset independent adiabaticity (GOIA) pulses, are increasingly gaining attention for high field clinical magnetic resonance spectroscopy and spectroscopic imaging (MRS/MRSI) due to the lower peak B1 amplitude and associated power demands achievable relative to its non-modulated adiabatic full passage counterparts. In this work we describe the development of two GOIA RF pulses: 1) A power efficient, 3.0 ms wideband uniform rate with smooth truncation (WURST) modulated RF pulse with 15 kHz bandwidth compatible with a clinically feasible peak B1 amplitude of 0.87 kHz (or 20 µT), and 2) A highly selective asymmetric 6.66 ms RF pulse with 20 kHz bandwidth designed to achieve a single-sided, fractional transition width of only 1.7%. Effects of potential asynchrony between RF and gradient-modulated (GM) waveforms for 3 ms GOIA-WURST RF pulses was evaluated by simulation and experimentally. Results demonstrate that a 20+ µs asynchrony between RF and GM functions substantially degrades inversion performance when using large RF offsets to achieve translation. A projection-based method is presented that allows a quick calibration of RF and GM asynchrony on pre-clinical/clinical MR systems. The asymmetric GOIA pulse was implemented within a multi-pulse OVS sequence to achieve power efficient, highly-selective, and B1 and T1-independent signal suppression for extracranial lipid suppression. The developed GOIA pulses were utilized with linear gradient modulation (X, Y, Z gradient fields), and with second-order-field modulations (Z2, X2Y2 gradient fields) to provide elliptically-shaped regions-of-interest for MRS and MRSI acquisitions. Both described GOIA-RF pulses have substantial clinical value; specifically, the 3.0 ms GOIA-WURST pulse is beneficial to realize short TE sLASER localized proton MRS/MRSI sequences, and the asymmetric GOIA RF pulse has applications in highly selective outer volume signal suppression to allow interrogation of tissue proximal to extracranial lipids with full-intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chathura Kumaragamage
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Anastasia Coppoli
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Peter B Brown
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Scott McIntyre
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Terence W Nixon
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Henk M De Feyter
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Graeme F Mason
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Robin A de Graaf
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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Stamatelatou A, Scheenen TWJ, Heerschap A. Developments in proton MR spectroscopic imaging of prostate cancer. MAGMA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 35:645-665. [PMID: 35445307 PMCID: PMC9363347 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-022-01011-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we review the developments of 1H-MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) methods designed to investigate prostate cancer, covering key aspects such as specific hardware, dedicated pulse sequences for data acquisition and data processing and quantification techniques. Emphasis is given to recent advancements in MRSI methodologies, as well as future developments, which can lead to overcome difficulties associated with commonly employed MRSI approaches applied in clinical routine. This includes the replacement of standard PRESS sequences for volume selection, which we identified as inadequate for clinical applications, by sLASER sequences and implementation of 1H MRSI without water signal suppression. These may enable a new evaluation of the complementary role and significance of MRSI in prostate cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeliki Stamatelatou
- Department of Medical Imaging (766), Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Geert Grooteplein 10, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Tom W J Scheenen
- Department of Medical Imaging (766), Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Geert Grooteplein 10, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Arend Heerschap
- Department of Medical Imaging (766), Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Geert Grooteplein 10, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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7
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Dziadosz M, Hoefemann M, Döring A, Marjańska M, Auerbach EJ, Kreis R. Quantification of
NAD
+
in human brain with
1
H MR
spectroscopy at 3 T: Comparison of three localization techniques with different handling of water magnetization. Magn Reson Med 2022; 88:1027-1038. [PMID: 35526238 PMCID: PMC9322547 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The detection of nicotinamide‐adenine‐dinucleotide (NAD+) is challenging using standard 1H MR spectroscopy, because it is of low concentration and affected by polarization‐exchange with water. Therefore, this study compares three techniques to access NAD+ quantification at 3 T–one with and two without water presaturation. Methods A large brain volume in 10 healthy subjects was investigated with three techniques: semi‐LASER with water‐saturation (WS) (TE = 35 ms), semi‐LASER with metabolite‐cycling (MC) (TE = 35 ms), and the non‐water‐excitation (nWE) technique 2D ISIS‐localization with chemical‐shift‐selective excitation (2D I‐CSE) (TE = 10.2 ms). Spectra were quantified with optimized modeling in FiTAID. Results NAD+ could be well quantified in cohort‐average spectra with all techniques. Obtained apparent NAD+ tissue contents are all lower than expected from literature confirming restricted visibility by 1H MRS. The estimated value from WS‐MRS (58 μM) was considerably lower than those obtained with non‐WS techniques (146 μM for MC‐semi‐LASER and 125 μM for 2D I‐CSE). The nWE technique with shortest TE gave largest NAD+ signals but suffered from overlap with large amide signals. MC‐semi‐LASER yielded best estimation precision as reflected in relative Cramer‐Rao bounds (14%, 21 μM/146 μM) and also best robustness as judged by the coefficient‐of‐variance over the cohort (11%, 10 μM/146 μM). The MR‐visibility turned out as 16% with WS and 41% with MC. Conclusion Three methods to assess NAD+ in human brain at 3 T have been compared. NAD+ could be detected with a visibility of ∼41% for the MC method. This may open a new window for the observation of pathological changes in the clinical research setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Dziadosz
- MR Methodology, Department for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology & Department for Biomedical Research University of Bern Bern Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences University of Bern Bern Switzerland
- Translational Imaging Center (TIC) Swiss Institute for Translational and Entrepreneurial Medicine Bern Switzerland
| | - Maike Hoefemann
- MR Methodology, Department for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology & Department for Biomedical Research University of Bern Bern Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences University of Bern Bern Switzerland
- Translational Imaging Center (TIC) Swiss Institute for Translational and Entrepreneurial Medicine Bern Switzerland
| | - André Döring
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology Cardiff University Cardiff UK
| | - Malgorzata Marjańska
- Department of Radiology, Center for Magnetic Resonance Research University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota USA
| | - Edward John Auerbach
- Department of Radiology, Center for Magnetic Resonance Research University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota USA
| | - Roland Kreis
- MR Methodology, Department for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology & Department for Biomedical Research University of Bern Bern Switzerland
- Translational Imaging Center (TIC) Swiss Institute for Translational and Entrepreneurial Medicine Bern Switzerland
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8
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Weng G, Radojewski P, Sheriff S, Kiefer C, Schucht P, Wiest R, Maudsley AA, Slotboom J. SLOW: A novel spectral editing method for whole-brain MRSI at ultra high magnetic field. Magn Reson Med 2022; 88:53-70. [PMID: 35344608 PMCID: PMC9212787 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE At ultra-high field (UHF), B1 + -inhomogeneities and high specific absorption rate (SAR) of adiabatic slice-selective RF-pulses make spatial resolved spectral-editing extremely challenging with the conventional MEGA-approach. The purpose of the study was to develop a whole-brain resolved spectral-editing MRSI at UHF (UHF, B0 ≥ 7T) within clinical acceptable measurement-time and minimal chemical-shift-displacement-artifacts (CSDA) allowing for simultaneous GABA/Glx-, 2HG-, and PE-editing on a clinical approved 7T-scanner. METHODS Slice-selective adiabatic refocusing RF-pulses (2π-SSAP) dominate the SAR to the patient in (semi)LASER based MEGA-editing sequences, causing large CSDA and long measurement times to fulfill SAR requirements, even using SAR-minimized GOIA-pulses. Therefore, a novel type of spectral-editing, called SLOW-editing, using two different pairs of phase-compensated chemical-shift selective adiabatic refocusing-pulses (2π-CSAP) with different refocusing bandwidths were investigated to overcome these problems. RESULTS Compared to conventional echo-planar spectroscopic imaging (EPSI) and MEGA-editing, SLOW-editing shows robust refocusing and editing performance despite to B1 + -inhomogeneity, and robustness to B0 -inhomogeneities (0.2 ppm ≥ ΔB0 ≥ -0.2 ppm). The narrow bandwidth (∼0.6-0.8 kHz) CSAP reduces the SAR by 92%, RF peak power by 84%, in-excitation slab CSDA by 77%, and has no in-plane CSDA. Furthermore, the CSAP implicitly dephases water, lipid and all the other signals outside of range (≥ 4.6 ppm and ≤1.4 ppm), resulting in additional water and lipid suppression (factors ≥ 1000s) at zero SAR-cost, and no spectral aliasing artifacts. CONCLUSION A new spectral-editing has been developed that is especially suitable for UHF, and was successfully applied for 2HG, GABA+, PE, and Glx-editing within 10 min clinical acceptable measurement time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Weng
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Support Center for Advanced Neuroimaging (SCAN), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Piotr Radojewski
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Support Center for Advanced Neuroimaging (SCAN), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sulaiman Sheriff
- Department of Radiology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Claus Kiefer
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Support Center for Advanced Neuroimaging (SCAN), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Schucht
- Department of Neurosurgery, Inselspital Bern and University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Roland Wiest
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Support Center for Advanced Neuroimaging (SCAN), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andrew A Maudsley
- Department of Radiology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Johannes Slotboom
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Support Center for Advanced Neuroimaging (SCAN), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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9
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Strasser B, Arango NS, Stockmann JP, Gagoski B, Thapa B, Li X, Bogner W, Moser P, Small J, Cahill DP, Batchelor TT, Dietrich J, van der Kouwe A, White J, Adalsteinsson E, Andronesi OC. Improving D-2-hydroxyglutarate MR spectroscopic imaging in mutant isocitrate dehydrogenase glioma patients with multiplexed RF-receive/B 0 -shim array coils at 3 T. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2022; 35:e4621. [PMID: 34609036 PMCID: PMC8717863 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) noninvasively maps the metabolism of human brains. In particular, the imaging of D-2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) produced by glioma isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutations has become a key application in neuro-oncology. However, the performance of full field-of-view MRSI is limited by B0 spatial nonuniformity and lipid artifacts from tissues surrounding the brain. Array coils that multiplex RF-receive and B0 -shim electrical currents (AC/DC mixing) over the same conductive loops provide many degrees of freedom to improve B0 uniformity and reduce lipid artifacts. AC/DC coils are highly efficient due to compact design, requiring low shim currents (<2 A) that can be switched fast (0.5 ms) with high interscan reproducibility (10% coefficient of variation for repeat measurements). We measured four tumor patients and five volunteers at 3 T and show that using AC/DC coils in addition to the vendor-provided second-order spherical harmonics shim provides 19% narrower spectral linewidth, 6% higher SNR, and 23% less lipid content for unrestricted field-of-view MRSI, compared with the vendor-provided shim alone. We demonstrate that improvement in MRSI data quality led to 2HG maps with higher contrast-to-noise ratio for tumors that coincide better with the FLAIR-enhancing lesions in mutant IDH glioma patients. Smaller Cramér-Rao lower bounds for 2HG quantification are obtained in tumors by AC/DC shim, corroborating with simulations that predicted improved accuracy and precision for narrower linewidths. AC/DC coils can be used synergistically with optimized acquisition schemes to improve metabolic imaging for precision oncology of glioma patients. Furthermore, this methodology has broad applicability to other neurological disorders and neuroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Strasser
- A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Radiology, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- High-Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nicolas S. Arango
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jason P. Stockmann
- A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Radiology, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Borjan Gagoski
- Fetal Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bijaya Thapa
- A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Radiology, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xianqi Li
- A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Radiology, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Wolfgang Bogner
- High-Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Philipp Moser
- High-Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Small
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Daniel P. Cahill
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tracy T. Batchelor
- Department Neurology, Division of Neuro-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jorg Dietrich
- Department Neurology, Division of Neuro-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Andre van der Kouwe
- A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Radiology, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jacob White
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Elfar Adalsteinsson
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ovidiu C. Andronesi
- A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Radiology, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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10
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Thapa B, Mareyam A, Stockmann J, Strasser B, Keil B, Hoecht P, Carp S, Li X, Wang Z, Chang YV, Dietrich J, Uhlmann E, Cahill DP, Batchelor T, Wald L, Andronesi OC. In Vivo Absolute Metabolite Quantification Using a Multiplexed ERETIC-RX Array Coil for Whole-Brain MR Spectroscopic Imaging. J Magn Reson Imaging 2021; 56:121-133. [PMID: 34958166 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.28028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Absolute quantification of metabolites in MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) requires a stable reference signal of known concentration. The Electronic REference To access In vivo Concentrations (ERETIC) has shown great promise but has not been applied in patients and 3D MRSI. ERETIC hardware has not been integrated with receive arrays due to technical challenges, such as coil combination and unwanted coupling between multiple ERETIC and receive channels, for which we developed mitigation strategies. PURPOSE To develop absolute quantification for whole-brain MRSI in glioma patients. STUDY TYPE Prospective. POPULATION Five healthy volunteers and three patients with isocitrate dehydrogenase mutant glioma (27% female). Calibration and coil loading phantoms. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE A 3 T; Adiabatic spin-echo spiral 3D MRSI with real-time motion correction, Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery (FLAIR), Gradient Recalled Echo (GRE), Multi-echo Magnetization Prepared Rapid Acquisition of Gradient Echo (MEMPRAGE). ASSESSMENT Absolute quantification was performed for five brain metabolites (total N-acetyl-aspartate [NAA]/creatine/choline, glutamine + glutamate, myo-inositol) and the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate using a custom-built 4x-ERETIC/8x-receive array coil. Metabolite quantification was performed with both EREIC and internal water reference methods. ERETIC signal was transmitted via optical link and used to correct coil loading. Inductive and radiative coupling between ERETIC and receive channels were measured. STATISTICAL TESTS ERETIC and internal water methods for metabolite quantification were compared using Bland-Altman (BA) analysis and the nonparametric Mann-Whitney test. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS ERETIC could be integrated in receive arrays and inductive coupling dominated (5-886 times) radiative coupling. Phantoms show proportional scaling of the ERETIC signal with coil loading. The BA analysis demonstrated very good agreement (3.3% ± 1.6%) in healthy volunteers, while there was a large difference (36.1% ± 3.8%) in glioma tumors between metabolite concentrations by ERETIC and internal water quantification. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that ERETIC integrated with receive arrays and whole-brain MRSI is feasible for brain metabolites quantification. Further validation is required to probe that ERETIC provides more accurate metabolite concentration in glioma patients. EVIDENCE LEVEL 2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijaya Thapa
- A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Azma Mareyam
- A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jason Stockmann
- A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bernhard Strasser
- A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Boris Keil
- Institute of Medical Physics and Radiation Protection, TH-Mittelhessen University of Applied Sciences (THM), Giessen, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Carp
- A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xianqi Li
- A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Zhe Wang
- Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yulin V Chang
- Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jorg Dietrich
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Division of Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Erik Uhlmann
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Daniel P Cahill
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tracy Batchelor
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Neurology, Brigham's and Women Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lawrence Wald
- A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ovidiu C Andronesi
- A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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11
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Kaiser LG, Veshtort M, Pappas I, Deelchand DK, Auerbach EJ, Marjańska M, Inglis BA. Broadband selective excitation radiofrequency pulses for optimized localization in vivo. Magn Reson Med 2021; 87:2111-2119. [PMID: 34866226 PMCID: PMC8847340 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the study is to optimize the performance of localized 1 H MRS sequences at 3T, using the entire spin system of N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) as an example of the large chemical shift spread of all the metabolites routinely detected in vivo, including the amide region. We specifically focus on the design of the suitable broadband excitation radiofrequency (RF) pulses to minimize chemical shift artifacts. METHODS The performance of the excitation and refocusing pulse shapes is evaluated with respect to NAA localization. Two new excitation RF pulses are developed to achieve optimized performance in the brain using single-voxel 1 H MRS at 3T. Numerical simulations and in vivo experiments are carried out to demonstrate the performance of the RF pulses. RESULTS New excitation RF pulses with the same B1 requirements but larger excitation bandwidth (up to a factor of 2) are shown to significantly reduce localization artifacts. The large frequency spread of the entire NAA spin system necessitates the use of broadband excitation and refocusing pulses for MRS at 3T. CONCLUSION To minimize chemical shift artifacts of metabolic compounds with spins in the amide area (>5 ppm) at 3T it is important to use broadband excitation and refocusing pulses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lana G. Kaiser
- Henry H. Wheeler, Jr. Brain Imaging Center, University of California, Berkeley, 188 Li Ka Shing Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Corresponding author:
| | - Mikhail Veshtort
- SpinEvolution Software, 226 York Mills Rd, Toronto, Ontario M2L 1L1, Canada
| | - Ioannis Pappas
- Henry H. Wheeler, Jr. Brain Imaging Center, University of California, Berkeley, 188 Li Ka Shing Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Dinesh K. Deelchand
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Edward J. Auerbach
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Małgorzata Marjańska
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Ben A. Inglis
- Henry H. Wheeler, Jr. Brain Imaging Center, University of California, Berkeley, 188 Li Ka Shing Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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12
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Gajdošík M, Landheer K, Swanberg KM, Adlparvar F, Madelin G, Bogner W, Juchem C, Kirov II. Hippocampal single-voxel MR spectroscopy with a long echo time at 3 T using semi-LASER sequence. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2021; 34:e4538. [PMID: 33956374 PMCID: PMC10874619 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The hippocampus is one of the most challenging brain regions for proton MR spectroscopy (MRS) applications. Moreover, quantification of J-coupled species such as myo-inositol (m-Ins) and glutamate + glutamine (Glx) is affected by the presence of macromolecular background. While long echo time (TE) MRS eliminates the macromolecules, it also decreases the m-Ins and Glx signal and, as a result, these metabolites are studied mainly with short TE. Here, we investigate the feasibility of reproducibly measuring their concentrations at a long TE of 120 ms, using a semi-adiabatic localization by adiabatic selective refocusing (sLASER) sequence, as this sequence was recently recommended as a standard for clinical MRS. Gradient offset-independent adiabatic refocusing pulses were implemented, and an optimal long TE for the detection of m-Ins and Glx was determined using the T2 relaxation times of macromolecules. Metabolite concentrations and their coefficients of variation (CVs) were obtained for a 3.4-mL voxel centered on the left hippocampus on 3-T MR systems at two different sites with three healthy subjects (aged 32.5 ± 10.2 years [mean ± standard deviation]) per site, with each subject scanned over two sessions, and with each session comprising three scans. Concentrations of m-Ins, choline, creatine, Glx and N-acetyl-aspartate were 5.4 ± 1.5, 1.7 ± 0.2, 5.8 ± 0.3, 11.6 ± 1.2 and 5.9 ± 0.4 mM (mean ± standard deviation), respectively. Their respective mean within-session CVs were 14.5% ± 5.9%, 6.5% ± 5.3%, 6.0% ± 3.4%, 10.6% ± 6.2% and 3.5% ± 1.4%, and their mean within-subject CVs were 17.8% ± 18.2%, 7.5% ± 6.3%, 7.4% ± 6.4%, 12.4% ± 5.3% and 4.8% ± 3.0%. The between-subject CVs were 25.0%, 12.3%, 5.3%, 10.7% and 6.4%, respectively. Hippocampal long-TE sLASER single voxel spectroscopy can provide macromolecule-independent assessment of all major metabolites including Glx and m-Ins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Gajdošík
- Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAIR), Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science, New York, NY, United States
| | - Karl Landheer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science, New York, NY, United States
| | - Kelley M. Swanberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science, New York, NY, United States
| | - Fatemeh Adlparvar
- Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAIR), Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Guillaume Madelin
- Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAIR), Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Wolfgang Bogner
- High-Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Juchem
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ivan I. Kirov
- Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAIR), Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Neurology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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13
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On the reproducibility of hippocampal MEGA-sLASER GABA MRS at 7T using an optimized analysis pipeline. MAGNETIC RESONANCE MATERIALS IN PHYSICS, BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2021; 34:427-436. [PMID: 32865653 PMCID: PMC8154804 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-020-00879-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objectives GABA is the most important inhibitory neurotransmitter. Thus, variation in its concentration is connected to a wide variety of diseases. However, the low concentration and the overlap of more prominent resonances hamper GABA quantification using MR spectroscopy. The hippocampus plays a pivotal role in neurodegeneration. Susceptibility discontinuities in the vicinity of the hippocampus cause strong B0 inhomogeneities, impeding GABA spectroscopy. The aim of this work is to improve the reproducibility of hippocampal GABA+ MRS. Methods The GABA+/total creatine ratio in the hippocampus was measured using a MEGA-sLASER sequence at 7 Tesla. 10 young healthy volunteers participated in the study. A dedicated pre-processing approach was established. Spectral quantification was performed with Tarquin. The quantification parameters were carefully adjusted to ensure optimal quantification. Results An inter-subject coefficient of variation of the GABA+/total creatine of below 15% was achieved. Additional to spectral registration, which is essential to obtain reproducible GABA measures, eddy current compensation and additional difference artifact suppression improved the reproducibility. The mean FWHM was 23.1 Hz (0.078 ppm). Conclusion The increased spectral dispersion of ultra-high-field spectroscopy allows for reproducible spectral quantification, despite a very broad line width. The achieved reproducibility enables the routine use of hippocampal GABA spectroscopy at 7 Tesla. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s10334-020-00879-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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14
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Genovese G, Marjańska M, Auerbach EJ, Cherif LY, Ronen I, Lehéricy S, Branzoli F. In vivo diffusion-weighted MRS using semi-LASER in the human brain at 3 T: Methodological aspects and clinical feasibility. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2021; 34:e4206. [PMID: 31930768 PMCID: PMC7354897 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Diffusion-weighted (DW-) MRS investigates non-invasively microstructural properties of tissue by probing metabolite diffusion in vivo. Despite the growing interest in DW-MRS for clinical applications, little has been published on the reproducibility of this technique. In this study, we explored the optimization of a single-voxel DW-semi-LASER sequence for clinical applications at 3 T, and evaluated the reproducibility of the method under different experimental conditions. DW-MRS measurements were carried out in 10 healthy participants and repeated across three sessions. Metabolite apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) were calculated from mono-exponential fits (ADCexp ) up to b = 3300 s/mm2 , and from the diffusional kurtosis approach (ADCK ) up to b = 7300 s/mm2 . The inter-subject variabilities of ADCs of N-acetylaspartate + N-acetylaspartylglutamate (tNAA), creatine + phosphocreatine, choline containing compounds, and myo-inositol were calculated in the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and in the corona radiata (CR). We explored the effect of physiological motion on the DW-MRS signal and the importance of cardiac gating and peak thresholding to account for signal amplitude fluctuations. Additionally, we investigated the dependence of the intra-subject variability on the acquisition scheme using a bootstrapping resampling method. Coefficients of variation were lower in PCC than CR, likely due to the different sensitivities to motion artifacts of the two regions. Finally, we computed coefficients of repeatability for ADCexp and performed power calculations needed for designing clinical studies. The power calculation for ADCexp of tNAA showed that in the PCC seven subjects per group are sufficient to detect a difference of 5% between two groups with an acquisition time of 4 min, suggesting that ADCexp of tNAA is a suitable marker for disease-related intracellular alteration even in small case-control studies. In the CR, further work is needed to evaluate the voxel size and location that minimize the motion artifacts and variability of the ADC measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guglielmo Genovese
- Centre de NeuroImagerie de Recherche (CENIR), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinère (ICM), F-75013, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Małgorzata Marjańska
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research and Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Edward J. Auerbach
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research and Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Lydia Yahia Cherif
- Centre de NeuroImagerie de Recherche (CENIR), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinère (ICM), F-75013, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Itamar Ronen
- C. J. Gorter Center for High Field MRI, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Stéphane Lehéricy
- Centre de NeuroImagerie de Recherche (CENIR), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinère (ICM), F-75013, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Francesca Branzoli
- Centre de NeuroImagerie de Recherche (CENIR), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinère (ICM), F-75013, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, F-75013, Paris, France
- Corresponding author: Francesca Branzoli, Ph.D., Institut du cerveau et de la moelle épinière (ICM), Hôpital Pitié-Salpetrière, 47 boulevard de l’Hôpital, CS 21414, 75646 Paris Cedex 13, Phone number: +33 (0)1 57 27 46 46, Fax: +33 (0)1 45 83 19 28,
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15
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Ma RE, Murdoch JB, Bogner W, Andronesi O, Dydak U. Atlas-based GABA mapping with 3D MEGA-MRSI: Cross-correlation to single-voxel MRS. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2021; 34:e4275. [PMID: 32078755 PMCID: PMC7438238 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this work is to develop and validate a new atlas-based metabolite quantification pipeline for edited magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MEGA-MRSI) that enables group comparisons of brain structure-specific GABA levels. By using brain structure masks segmented from high-resolution MPRAGE images and coregistering these to MEGA-LASER 3D MRSI data, an automated regional quantification of neurochemical levels is demonstrated for the example of the thalamus. Thalamic gamma-aminobutyric acid + coedited macromolecules (GABA+) levels from 21 healthy subjects scanned at 3 T were cross-validated both against a single-voxel MEGA-PRESS acquisition in the same subjects and same scan sessions, as well as alternative MRSI processing techniques (ROI approach, four-voxel approach) using Pearson correlation analysis. In addition, reproducibility was compared across the MRSI processing techniques in test-retest data from 14 subjects. The atlas-based approach showed a significant correlation with SV MEGA-PRESS (correlation coefficient r [GABA+] = 0.63, P < 0.0001). However, the actual values for GABA+, NAA, tCr, GABA+/tCr and tNAA/tCr obtained from the atlas-based approach showed an offset to SV MEGA-PRESS levels, likely due to the fact that on average the thalamus mask used for the atlas-based approach only occupied 30% of the SVS volume, ie, somewhat different anatomies were sampled. Furthermore, the new atlas-based approach showed highly reproducible GABA+/tCr values with a low median coefficient of variance of 6.3%. In conclusion, the atlas-based metabolite quantification approach enables a more brain structure-specific comparison of GABA+ and other neurochemical levels across populations, even when using an MRSI technique with only cm-level resolution. This approach was successfully cross-validated against the typically used SVS technique as well as other different MRSI analysis methods, indicating the robustness of this quantification approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyun E. Ma
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | - Wolfgang Bogner
- High Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ovidiu Andronesi
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ulrike Dydak
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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16
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Deelchand DK, Berrington A, Noeske R, Joers JM, Arani A, Gillen J, Schär M, Nielsen JF, Peltier S, Seraji-Bozorgzad N, Landheer K, Juchem C, Soher BJ, Noll DC, Kantarci K, Ratai EM, Mareci TH, Barker PB, Öz G. Across-vendor standardization of semi-LASER for single-voxel MRS at 3T. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2021; 34:e4218. [PMID: 31854045 PMCID: PMC7299834 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The semi-adiabatic localization by adiabatic selective refocusing (sLASER) sequence provides single-shot full intensity signal with clean localization and minimal chemical shift displacement error and was recommended by the international MRS Consensus Group as the preferred localization sequence at high- and ultra-high fields. Across-vendor standardization of the sLASER sequence at 3 tesla has been challenging due to the B1 requirements of the adiabatic inversion pulses and maximum B1 limitations on some platforms. The aims of this study were to design a short-echo sLASER sequence that can be executed within a B1 limit of 15 μT by taking advantage of gradient-modulated RF pulses, to implement it on three major platforms and to evaluate the between-vendor reproducibility of its perfomance with phantoms and in vivo. In addition, voxel-based first and second order B0 shimming and voxel-based B1 adjustments of RF pulses were implemented on all platforms. Amongst the gradient-modulated pulses considered (GOIA, FOCI and BASSI), GOIA-WURST was identified as the optimal refocusing pulse that provides good voxel selection within a maximum B1 of 15 μT based on localization efficiency, contamination error and ripple artifacts of the inversion profile. An sLASER sequence (30 ms echo time) that incorporates VAPOR water suppression and 3D outer volume suppression was implemented with identical parameters (RF pulse type and duration, spoiler gradients and inter-pulse delays) on GE, Philips and Siemens and generated identical spectra on the GE 'Braino' phantom between vendors. High-quality spectra were consistently obtained in multiple regions (cerebellar white matter, hippocampus, pons, posterior cingulate cortex and putamen) in the human brain across vendors (5 subjects scanned per vendor per region; mean signal-to-noise ratio > 33; mean water linewidth between 6.5 Hz to 11.4 Hz). The harmonized sLASER protocol is expected to produce high reproducibility of MRS across sites thereby allowing large multi-site studies with clinical cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh K Deelchand
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Adam Berrington
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - James M Joers
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Arvin Arani
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Joseph Gillen
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael Schär
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Scott Peltier
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, MI, USA
| | | | - Karl Landheer
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Radiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christoph Juchem
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Radiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brian J Soher
- Center for Advanced Magnetic Resonance Development, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Douglas C Noll
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, MI, USA
| | - Kejal Kantarci
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Eva M Ratai
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas H Mareci
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Peter B Barker
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- The Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gülin Öz
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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17
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Maudsley AA, Andronesi OC, Barker PB, Bizzi A, Bogner W, Henning A, Nelson SJ, Posse S, Shungu DC, Soher BJ. Advanced magnetic resonance spectroscopic neuroimaging: Experts' consensus recommendations. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2021; 34:e4309. [PMID: 32350978 PMCID: PMC7606742 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) offers considerable promise for monitoring metabolic alterations associated with disease or injury; however, to date, these methods have not had a significant impact on clinical care, and their use remains largely confined to the research community and a limited number of clinical sites. The MRSI methods currently implemented on clinical MRI instruments have remained essentially unchanged for two decades, with only incremental improvements in sequence implementation. During this time, a number of technological developments have taken place that have already greatly benefited the quality of MRSI measurements within the research community and which promise to bring advanced MRSI studies to the point where the technique becomes a true imaging modality, while making the traditional review of individual spectra a secondary requirement. Furthermore, the increasing use of biomedical MR spectroscopy studies has indicated clinical areas where advanced MRSI methods can provide valuable information for clinical care. In light of this rapidly changing technological environment and growing understanding of the value of MRSI studies for biomedical studies, this article presents a consensus from a group of experts in the field that reviews the state-of-the-art for clinical proton MRSI studies of the human brain, recommends minimal standards for further development of vendor-provided MRSI implementations, and identifies areas which need further technical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew A Maudsley
- Department of Radiology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Ovidiu C Andronesi
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Peter B Barker
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, and the Kennedy Krieger Institute, F.M. Kirby Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Alberto Bizzi
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Wolfgang Bogner
- High Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anke Henning
- Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Sarah J Nelson
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Stefan Posse
- Department of Neurology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Dikoma C Shungu
- Department of Neuroradiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Brian J Soher
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
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18
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Esmaeili M, Strasser B, Bogner W, Moser P, Wang Z, Andronesi OC. Whole-Slab 3D MR Spectroscopic Imaging of the Human Brain With Spiral-Out-In Sampling at 7T. J Magn Reson Imaging 2021; 53:1237-1250. [PMID: 33179836 PMCID: PMC8717862 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.27437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic imaging using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) has increased the sensitivity and spectral resolution at field strengths of ≥7T. Compared to the conventional Cartesian-based spectroscopic imaging, spiral trajectories enable faster data collection, promising the clinical translation of whole-brain MRSI. Technical considerations at 7T, however, lead to a suboptimal sampling efficiency for the spiral-out (SO) acquisitions, as a significant portion of the trajectory consists of rewinders. PURPOSE To develop and implement a spiral-out-in (SOI) trajectory for sampling of whole-brain MRSI at 7T. We hypothesized that SOI will improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of metabolite maps due to a more efficient acquisition. STUDY TYPE Prospective. SUBJECTS/PHANTOM Five healthy volunteers (28-38 years, three females) and a phantom. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE Navigated adiabatic spin-echo spiral 3D MRSI at 7T. ASSESSMENT A 3D stack of SOI trajectories was incorporated into an adiabatic spin-echo MRSI sequence with real-time motion and shim correction. Metabolite spectral fitting, SNR, and Cramér-Rao lower bound (CRLB) were obtained. We compared the signal intensity and CRLB of three metabolites of tNAA, tCr, and tCho. Peak SNR (PSNR), structure similarity index (SSIM), and signal-to-artifact ratio were evaluated on water maps. STATISTICAL TESTS The nonparametric Mann-Whitney U-test was used for statistical testing. RESULTS Compared to SO, the SOI trajectory: 1) increased the k-space sampling efficiency by 23%; 2) is less demanding for the gradient hardware, requiring 36% lower Gmax and 26% lower Smax ; 3) increased PSNR of water maps by 4.94 dB (P = 0.0006); 4) resulted in a 29% higher SNR (P = 0.003) and lower CRLB by 26-35% (P = 0.02, tNAA), 35-55% (P = 0.03, tCr), and 22-23% (P = 0.04, tCho), which increased the number of well-fitted voxels (eg, for tCr by 11%, P = 0.03). SOI did not significantly change the signal-to-artifact ratio and SSIM (P = 0.65) compared to SO. DATA CONCLUSION SOI provided more efficient MRSI at 7T compared to SO, which improved the data quality and metabolite quantification. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 1 TECHNICAL EFFICACY STAGE: 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Esmaeili
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Bernhard Strasser
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- High-Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Bogner
- High-Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Philipp Moser
- High-Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Zhe Wang
- Siemens Medical Solutions, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ovidiu C. Andronesi
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Effects of SSRI treatment on GABA and glutamate levels in an associative relearning paradigm. Neuroimage 2021; 232:117913. [PMID: 33657450 PMCID: PMC7610796 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.117913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Impaired cognitive flexibility represents a widespread symptom in psychiatric disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD), a disease, characterized by an imbalance of neuro-transmitter concentrations. While memory formation is mostly associated with glutamate, also gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) and serotonin show attributions in a complex interplay between neurotransmitter systems. Treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) does not solely affect the serotonergic system but shows downstream effects on GABA- and glutamatergic neurotransmission, potentially helping to restore cognitive function via neuroplastic effects. Hence, this study aims to elaborate the effects of associative relearning and SSRI treatment on GABAergic and glutamatergic function within and between five brain regions using magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging (MRSI). In this study, healthy subjects were randomized into four groups which underwent three weeks of an associative relearning paradigm, with or without emotional connotation, under SSRI (10mg escitalopram) or placebo administration. MRSI measurements, using a spiral-encoded, 3D-GABA-edited MEGA-LASER sequence at 3T, were performed on the first and last day of relearning. Mean GABA+/tCr (GABA+ = GABA + macromolecules; tCr = total creatine) and Glx/tCr (Glx = glutamate + glutamine) ratios were quantified in a ROI-based approach for the hippocampus, insula, putamen, pallidum and thalamus, using LCModel. A total of 66 subjects ((37 female, mean age ± SD = 25.4±4.7) for Glx/tCr and 58 subjects (32 female, mean age ± SD = 25.1±4.7) for GABA+/tCr were included in the final analysis. A significant measurement by region and treatment (SSRI vs placebo) interaction on Glx/tCr ratios was found (pcor=0.017), with post hoc tests confirming differential effects on hippocampus and thalamus (pcor=0.046). Moreover, treatment by time comparison, for each ROI independently, showed a reduction of hippocampal Glx/tCr ratios after SSRI treatment (puncor=0.033). No significant treatment effects on GABA+/tCr ratios or effects of relearning condition on any neurotransmitter ratio could be found. Here, we showed a significant SSRI- and relearning-driven interaction effect of hippocampal and thalamic Glx/tCr levels, suggesting differential behavior based on different serotonin transporter and receptor densities. Moreover, an indication for Glx/tCr adaptions in the hippocampus after three weeks of SSRI treatment could be revealed. Our findings are in line with animal studies reporting glutamate adaptions in the hippocampus following chronic SSRI intake. Due to the complex interplay of serotonin and hippocampal function, involving multiple serotonin receptor subtypes on glutamatergic cells and GABAergic interneurons, the interpretation of underlying neurobiological actions remains challenging.
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20
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Dorst J, Ruhm L, Avdievich N, Bogner W, Henning A. Comparison of four 31P single-voxel MRS sequences in the human brain at 9.4 T. Magn Reson Med 2021; 85:3010-3026. [PMID: 33427322 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In this study, different single-voxel localization sequences were implemented and systematically compared for the first time for phosphorous MRS (31 P-MRS) in the human brain at 9.4 T. METHODS Two multishot sequences, image-selected in vivo spectroscopy (ISIS) and a conventional slice-selective excitation combined with localization by adiabatic selective refocusing (semiLASER) variant of the spin-echo full intensity-acquired localized spectroscopy (SPECIAL-semiLASER), and two single-shot sequences, semiLASER and stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM), were implemented and optimized for 31 P-MRS in the human brain at 9.4 T. Pulses and coil setup were optimized, localization accuracy was tested in phantom experiments, and absolute SNR of the sequences was compared in vivo. The SNR per unit time (SNR/t) was derived and compared for all four sequences and verified experimentally for ISIS in two different voxel sizes (3 × 3 × 3 cm3 , 5 × 5 × 5 cm3 , 10-minute measurement time). Metabolite signals obtained with ISIS were quantified. The possible spectral quality in vivo acquired in clinically feasible time (3:30 minutes, 3 × 3 × 3 cm3 ) was explored for two different coil setups. RESULTS All evaluated sequences performed with good localization accuracy in phantom experiments and provided well-resolved spectra in vivo. However, ISIS has the lowest chemical shift displacement error, the best localization accuracy, the highest SNR/t for most metabolites, provides metabolite concentrations comparable to literature values, and is the only one of the sequences that allows for the detection of the whole 31 P spectrum, including β-adenosine triphosphate, with the used setup. The SNR/t of STEAM is comparable to the SNR/t of ISIS. The semiLASER and SPECIAL-semiLASER sequences provide good results for metabolites with long T2 . CONCLUSION At 9.4 T, high-quality single-voxel localized 31 P-MRS can be performed in the human brain with different localization methods, each with inherent characteristics suitable for different research issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Dorst
- High-Field MR Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany.,IMPRS for Cognitive and Systems Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Loreen Ruhm
- High-Field MR Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany.,IMPRS for Cognitive and Systems Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Nikolai Avdievich
- High-Field MR Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Bogner
- High-Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anke Henning
- High-Field MR Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany.,Advanced Imaging Research Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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21
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Kumaragamage C, De Feyter HM, Brown P, McIntyre S, Nixon TW, de Graaf RA. ECLIPSE utilizing gradient-modulated offset-independent adiabaticity (GOIA) pulses for highly selective human brain proton MRSI. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2021; 34:e4415. [PMID: 33001485 PMCID: PMC9472321 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A multitude of extracranial lipid suppression methods exist for proton MRSI acquisitions. Popular and emerging lipid suppression methods each have their inherent set of advantages and disadvantages related to the achievable level of lipid suppression, RF power deposition, insensitivity to B1+ field and lipid T1 heterogeneity, brain coverage, spatial selectivity, chemical shift displacement (CSD) errors and the reliability of spectroscopic data spanning the observed 0.9-4.7 ppm band. The utility of elliptical localization with pulsed second order fields (ECLIPSE) was previously demonstrated with a greater than 100-fold in extracranial lipid suppression and low power requirements utilizing 3 kHz bandwidth AFP pulses. Like all gradient-based localization methods, ECLIPSE is sensitive to CSD errors, resulting in a modified metabolic profile in edge-of-ROI voxels. In this work, ECLIPSE is extended with 15 kHz bandwidth second order gradient-modulated RF pulses based on the gradient offset-independent adiabaticity (GOIA) algorithm to greatly reduce CSD and improve spatial selectivity. An adiabatic double spin-echo ECLIPSE inner volume selection (TE = 45 ms) MRSI method and an ECLIPSE outer volume suppression (TE = 3.2 ms) FID-MRSI method were implemented. Both GOIA-ECLIPSE MRSI sequences provided artifact-free metabolite spectra in vivo, with a greater than 100-fold in lipid suppression and less than 2.6 mm in-plane CSD and less than 3.3 mm transition width for edge-of-ROI voxels, representing an ~5-fold improvement compared with the parent, nongradient-modulated method. Despite the 5-fold larger bandwidth, GOIA-ECLIPSE only required a 1.9-fold increase in RF power. The highly robust lipid suppression combined with low CSD and sharp ROI edge transitions make GOIA-ECLIPSE an attractive alternative to commonly employed lipid suppression methods. Furthermore, the low RF power deposition demonstrates that GOIA-ECLIPSE is very well suited for high field (≥3 T) MRSI applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chathura Kumaragamage
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Henk M. De Feyter
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Peter Brown
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Scott McIntyre
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Terence W. Nixon
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Robin A. de Graaf
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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22
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Andronesi OC, Nicholson K, Jafari-Khouzani K, Bogner W, Wang J, Chan J, Macklin EA, Levine-Weinberg M, Breen C, Schwarzschild MA, Cudkowicz M, Rosen BR, Paganoni S, Ratai EM. Imaging Neurochemistry and Brain Structure Tracks Clinical Decline and Mechanisms of ALS in Patients. Front Neurol 2020; 11:590573. [PMID: 33343494 PMCID: PMC7744722 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.590573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Oxidative stress and protein aggregation are key mechanisms in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) disease. Reduced glutathione (GSH) is the most important intracellular antioxidant that protects neurons from reactive oxygen species. We hypothesized that levels of GSH measured by MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) in the motor cortex and corticospinal tract are linked to clinical trajectory of ALS patients. Objectives: Investigate the value of GSH imaging to probe clinical decline of ALS patients in combination with other neurochemical and structural parameters. Methods: Twenty-four ALS patients were imaged at 3 T with an advanced MR protocol. Mapping GSH levels in the brain is challenging, and for this purpose, we used an optimized spectral-edited 3D MRSI sequence with real-time motion and field correction to image glutathione and other brain metabolites. In addition, our imaging protocol included (i) an adiabatic T1ρ sequence to image macromolecular fraction of brain parenchyma, (ii) diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) for white matter tractography, and (iii) high-resolution anatomical imaging. Results: We found GSH in motor cortex (r = −0.431, p = 0.04) and corticospinal tract (r = −0.497, p = 0.016) inversely correlated with time between diagnosis and imaging. N-Acetyl-aspartate (NAA) in motor cortex inversely correlated (r = −0.416, p = 0.049), while mean water diffusivity (r = 0.437, p = 0.033) and T1ρ (r = 0.482, p = 0.019) positively correlated with disease progression measured by imputed change in revised ALS Functional Rating Scale. There is more decrease in the motor cortex than in the white matter for GSH compared to NAA, glutamate, and glutamine. Conclusions: Our study suggests that a panel of biochemical and structural imaging biomarkers defines a brain endophenotype, which can be used to time biological events and clinical progression in ALS patients. Such a quantitative brain endophenotype may stratify ALS patients into more homogeneous groups for therapeutic interventions compared to clinical criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ovidiu C Andronesi
- Department of Radiology, A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Katharine Nicholson
- Neurological Clinical Research Institute (NCRI), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kourosh Jafari-Khouzani
- Department of Radiology, A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Wolfgang Bogner
- High Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Radiology, A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - James Chan
- Biostatistics Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Eric A Macklin
- Biostatistics Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Mark Levine-Weinberg
- Neurological Clinical Research Institute (NCRI), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Christopher Breen
- Neurological Clinical Research Institute (NCRI), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | - Merit Cudkowicz
- Neurological Clinical Research Institute (NCRI), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Bruce R Rosen
- Department of Radiology, A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sabrina Paganoni
- Neurological Clinical Research Institute (NCRI), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Eva-Maria Ratai
- Department of Radiology, A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
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23
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Dacko M, Lange T. Flexible MEGA editing scheme with asymmetric adiabatic pulses applied for T 2 measurement of lactate in human brain. Magn Reson Med 2020; 85:1160-1174. [PMID: 32975334 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A flexible MEGA editing scheme which decouples the editing efficiency from TE is proposed and the utility of asymmetric adiabatic pulses for this new technique is explored. It is demonstrated that the method enables robust T 2 measurement of lactate in healthy human brain. METHODS The proposed variation of the MEGA scheme applies editing pulses in both acquired spectra, ensuring that the difference in J-evolution of the target resonance leads to maximal signal yield in the difference spectrum for arbitrary TE. A MEGA-sLASER sequence is augmented with asymmetric adiabatic editing pulses for enhanced flexibility and immunity to B 1 + miscalibration and inhomogeneities. The technique is validated and optimized for flexible lactate editing via a simple analytical model, numerical simulations and in vitro experiments. The T 2 relaxation constant of lactate is determined in vivo via multiple-TE measurements with the proposed method and a dedicated postprocessing and quantification approach. RESULTS Asymmetric adiabatic editing pulses improve robustness and facilitate efficient J-editing in sequences or protocols with strong timing constraints. Single voxel measurements using the proposed MEGA scheme in the occipital cortex of six healthy subjects yield a relaxation constant of T 2 = 171 ± 19 ms for the methyl resonance of lactate at a field strength of 3T. CONCLUSIONS The proposed MEGA editing scheme allows for novel kinds of J-editing experiments and promises to be an asset to robust T 2 measurement of lactate and potentially other J-coupled metabolites in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Dacko
- Center for Diagnostic and Therapeutic Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Lange
- Center for Diagnostic and Therapeutic Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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24
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Esmaeili M, Stockmann J, Strasser B, Arango N, Thapa B, Wang Z, van der Kouwe A, Dietrich J, Cahill DP, Batchelor TT, White J, Adalsteinsson E, Wald L, Andronesi OC. An integrated RF-receive/B 0-shim array coil boosts performance of whole-brain MR spectroscopic imaging at 7 T. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15029. [PMID: 32929121 PMCID: PMC7490394 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71623-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic imaging of the human brain by in-vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) can non-invasively probe neurochemistry in healthy and disease conditions. MRSI at ultra-high field (≥ 7 T) provides increased sensitivity for fast high-resolution metabolic imaging, but comes with technical challenges due to non-uniform B0 field. Here, we show that an integrated RF-receive/B0-shim (AC/DC) array coil can be used to mitigate 7 T B0 inhomogeneity, which improves spectral quality and metabolite quantification over a whole-brain slab. Our results from simulations, phantoms, healthy and brain tumor human subjects indicate improvements of global B0 homogeneity by 55%, narrower spectral linewidth by 29%, higher signal-to-noise ratio by 31%, more precise metabolite quantification by 22%, and an increase by 21% of the brain volume that can be reliably analyzed. AC/DC shimming provide the highest correlation (R2 = 0.98, P = 0.001) with ground-truth values for metabolite concentration. Clinical translation of AC/DC and MRSI is demonstrated in a patient with mutant-IDH1 glioma where it enables imaging of D-2-hydroxyglutarate oncometabolite with a 2.8-fold increase in contrast-to-noise ratio at higher resolution and more brain coverage compared to previous 7 T studies. Hence, AC/DC technology may help ultra-high field MRSI become more feasible to take advantage of higher signal/contrast-to-noise in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Esmaeili
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Jason Stockmann
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bernhard Strasser
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicolas Arango
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Bijaya Thapa
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zhe Wang
- Siemens Medical Solutions, USA, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Andre van der Kouwe
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jorg Dietrich
- Division of Neuro-Oncology, Department Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel P Cahill
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tracy T Batchelor
- Department Neurology, Brigham's and Women Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jacob White
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Elfar Adalsteinsson
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Lawrence Wald
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ovidiu C Andronesi
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Building 149, Room 2301 13th Street, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA.
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25
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Al-Iedani O, Ribbons K, Gholizadeh N, Lechner-Scott J, Quadrelli S, Lea R, Andronesi O, Ramadan S. Spiral MRSI and tissue segmentation of normal-appearing white matter and white matter lesions in relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis patients ☆. Magn Reson Imaging 2020; 74:21-30. [PMID: 32898652 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2020.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the performance of novel spiral MRSI and tissue segmentation pipeline of the brain, to investigate neurometabolic changes in normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) and white matter lesions (WML) of stable relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) compared to healthy controls (HCs). METHODS Spiral 3D MRSI using LASER-GOIA-W [16,4] was undertaken on 16 RRMS patients and 9 HCs, to acquire MRSI data from a large volume of interest (VOI) 320 cm3 and analyzed using LCModel. MRSI data and voxel tissue segmentation were compared between the two cohorts using t-tests. Support vector machine (SVM) was used to classify tissue types and assessed by accuracy, sensitivity and specificity. RESULTS Compared to HCs, RRMS demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in all mean brain tissues and increase in CSF volume. Within VOI, WM decreased (-10%) and CSF increased (41%) in RRMS compared to HCs (p < 0.001). MRSI revealed that total creatine (tCr) ratios of N-acetylaspartate and glutamate+glutamine in WML were significantly lower than NAWM-MS (-9%, -8%) and HCs (-14%, -10%), respectively. Myo-inositol/tCr in WML was significantly higher than NAWM-MS (14%) and HCs (10%). SVM of MRSI yielded accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of 86%, 95%, and 70%, respectively for HCs vs WML, which were higher than HC vs NAWM and WML vs NAWM models. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates the benefit of MRSI in evaluating MS neurometabolic changes in NAWM. SVM of MRSI data in the MS brain may be suited for clinical monitoring and progression of MS patients. Longitudinal MRSI studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oun Al-Iedani
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Karen Ribbons
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Neda Gholizadeh
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Jeannette Lechner-Scott
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia; Department of Neurology, John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia; School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Scott Quadrelli
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, Radiology Department, Woolloongabba. QLD 4102, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Rodney Lea
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Ovidiu Andronesi
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Saadallah Ramadan
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia.
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26
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Landheer K, Gajdošík M, Juchem C. A semi-LASER, single-voxel spectroscopic sequence with a minimal echo time of 20.1 ms in the human brain at 3 T. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2020; 33:e4324. [PMID: 32557880 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
An optimized semi-LASER sequence that is capable of acquiring artefact-free data with an echo time (TE) of 20.1 ms on a standard clinical 3 T MR system was developed. Simulations were performed to determine the optimal TEs that minimize the expected Cramér-Rao lower bound (CRLB) as proxy for quantification accuracy of metabolites. Optimized RF pulses, crusher gradients and phase cycling were used to achieve the shortest TE in a semi-LASER sequence to date on a clinical system. Synthetic spectra were simulated using the density matrix formalism for TEs spanning from 20.1 to 220.1 ms. These simulations were used to calculate the expected CRLB for each of the 18 metabolites typically considered in 1 H MRS. High quality spectra were obtained in six healthy volunteers in the prefrontal cortex, which is known for spurious echoes due to its proximity to the paranasal sinuses, and in the parietal-occipital cortex. Spectral transients were sufficient in quality to enable phase and frequency alignment prior to summation over all repetitions. Automated high-quality water suppression was obtained for all voxels without manual adjustment. The shortest TE minimized the CRLB for all brain metabolites except glycine due to its overlap with myo-inositol at this TE. It is also demonstrated that the CRLBs increase rapidly with TE for certain coupled metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Landheer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science, New York, New York
| | - Martin Gajdošík
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science, New York, New York
| | - Christoph Juchem
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science, New York, New York
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York
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27
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Torrado-Carvajal A, Albrecht DS, Lee J, Andronesi OC, Ratai EM, Napadow V, Loggia ML. Inpainting as a Technique for Estimation of Missing Voxels in Brain Imaging. Ann Biomed Eng 2020; 49:345-353. [PMID: 32632531 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-020-02556-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Issues with model fitting (i.e. suboptimal standard deviation, linewidth/full-width-at-half-maximum, and/or signal-to-noise ratio) in multi-voxel MRI spectroscopy, or chemical shift imaging (CSI) can result in the significant loss of usable voxels. A potential solution to minimize this problem is to estimate the value of unusable voxels by utilizing information from reliable voxels in the same image. We assessed an image restoration method called inpainting as a tool to restore unusable voxels, and compared it with traditional interpolation methods (nearest neighbor, trilinear interpolation and tricubic interpolation). In order to evaluate the performance across varying image contrasts and spatial resolutions, we applied the same techniques to a T1-weighted MRI brain dataset, and N-acetylaspartate (NAA) spectroscopy maps from a CSI dataset. For all image types, inpainting exhibited superior performance (lower normalized root-mean-square errors, NRMSE) compared to all other methods considered (p's < 0.001). Inpainting maintained an average NRMSE of less than 5% even with 50% missing voxels, whereas the other techniques demonstrated up to three times that value, depending on the nature of the image. For CSI maps, inpainting maintained its superiority whether the previously unusable voxels were randomly distributed, or located in regions most commonly affected by voxel loss in real-world data. Inpainting is a promising approach for recovering unusable or missing voxels in voxel-wise analyses, particularly in imaging modalities characterized by low SNR such as CSI. We hypothesize that this technique may also be applicable for datasets from other imaging modalities, such as positron emission tomography, or dynamic susceptibility contrast MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Torrado-Carvajal
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA. .,Medical Image Analysis and Biometry Laboratory, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Daniel S Albrecht
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Jeungchan Lee
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Ovidiu C Andronesi
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Eva-Maria Ratai
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Vitaly Napadow
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Marco L Loggia
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
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28
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Dziadosz M, Bogner W, Kreis R. Non-water-excitation MR spectroscopy techniques to explore exchanging protons in human brain at 3 T. Magn Reson Med 2020; 84:2352-2363. [PMID: 32602971 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop localization sequences for in vivo MR spectroscopy (MRS) on clinical scanners of 3 T to record spectra that are not influenced by magnetization transfer from water. METHODS Image-selected in vivo spectroscopy (ISIS) localization and chemical-shift-selective excitation (termed I-CSE) was combined in two ways: first, full ISIS localization plus a frequency-selective spin-echo and second, two-dimensional (2D) ISIS plus a frequency-selective excitation and slice-selective refocusing. The techniques were evaluated at 3 T in phantoms and human subjects in comparison to standard techniques with water presaturation or metabolite-cycling. ISIS included gradient-modulated offset-independent adiabatic (GOIA)-type adiabatic inversion pulses; echo times were 8-10 ms. RESULTS The novel 2D and 3D I-CSE methods yield upfield spectra that are comparable to those from standard MRS, except for shorter echo times and a limited frequency range. On the downfield/high-frequency side, they yield much more signal for exchangeable protons when compared to MRS with water presaturation or metabolite-cycling and longer echo times. CONCLUSION Novel non-water-excitation MRS sequences offer substantial benefits for the detection of metabolite signals that are otherwise suppressed by saturation transfer from water. Avoiding water saturation and using very short echo times allows direct observation of faster exchanging moieties than was previously possible at 3 T and additionally makes the methods less susceptible to fast T2 relaxation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Dziadosz
- Departments of Radiology and Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Wolfgang Bogner
- High-field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Roland Kreis
- Departments of Radiology and Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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29
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Bashir A, Zhang J, Denney TS. Creatine kinase rate constant in the human heart at 7T with 1D-ISIS/2D CSI localization. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229933. [PMID: 32191723 PMCID: PMC7081998 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Creatine Kinase (CK) reaction plays an important role in energy metabolism and estimate of its reaction rate constant in heart provides important insight into cardiac energetics. Fast saturation transfer method ([Formula: see text] nominal) to measure CK reaction rate constant (kf) was previously demonstrated in open chest swine hearts. The goal of this work is to further develop this method for measuring the kf in human myocardium at 7T. [Formula: see text] approach is combined with 1D-ISIS/2D-CSI for in vivo spatial localization and myocardial CK forward rate constant was then measured in 7 volunteers at 7T. METHODS [Formula: see text] method uses two partially relaxed saturation transfer (ST) spectra and correction factor to determine CK rate constant. Correction factor is determined by numerical simulation of Bloch McConnell equations using known spin and experimental parameters. Optimal parameters and error estimate in calculation of CK reaction rate constant were determined by simulations. The technique was validated in calf muscles by direct comparison with saturation transfer measurements. [Formula: see text] pulse sequence was incorporated with 1D-image selected in vivo spectroscopy, combined with 2D-chemical shift spectroscopic imaging (1D-ISIS/2D-CSI) for studies in heart. The myocardial CK reaction rate constant was then measured in 7 volunteers. RESULTS Skeletal muscle kf determined by conventional approach and [Formula: see text] approach were the same 0.31 ± 0.02 s-1 and 0.30 ± 0.04 s-1 demonstrating the validity of the technique. Results are reported as mean ± SD. Myocardial CK reaction rate constant was 0.29 ± 0.05 s-1, consistent with previously reported studies. CONCLUSION [Formula: see text] method enables acquisition of 31P saturation transfer MRS under partially relaxed conditions and enables 2D-CSI of kf in myocardium. This work enables applications for in vivo CSI imaging of energetics in heart and other organs in clinically relevant acquisition time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adil Bashir
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Jianyi Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Thomas S. Denney
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, United States of America
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30
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Song JE, Shin J, Lee H, Choi YS, Song HT, Kim DH. Dynamic hyperpolarized 13 C MR spectroscopic imaging using SPICE in mouse kidney at 9.4 T. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2020; 33:e4230. [PMID: 31856426 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the feasibility of dynamic hyperpolarized 13 C MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) using the SPectroscopic Imaging by exploiting spatiospectral CorrElation (SPICE) technique and an estimation of the spatially resolved conversion constant rate (kpl ). An acquisition scheme comprising a single training dataset and several imaging datasets was proposed considering hyperpolarized 13 C circumstances. The feasibility and advantage of the scheme were investigated in two parts: (a) consistency of spectral basis over time and (b) accuracy of the estimated kpl . The simulations and in vivo experiments support accurate kpl estimation with consistent spectral bases. The proposed method was implemented in an enzyme phantom and via in vivo experiments. In the enzyme phantom experiments, spatially resolved homogeneous kpl maps were observed. In the in vivo experiments, normal diet (ND) mice and high-fat diet (HFD) mice had kpl (s-1 ) values of medullar (ND: 0.0119 ± 0.0022, HFD: 0.0195 ± 0.0005) and cortical (ND: 0.0148 ±0.0023, HFD: 0.0224 ±0.0054) regions which were higher than vascular (ND: 0.0087 ±0.0013, HFD: 0.0132 ±0.0050) regions. In particular, the kpl value in the medullar region exhibited a significant difference between the two diet groups. In summary, the feasibility of using modified SPICE for dynamic hyperpolarized 13 C MRSI was demonstrated via simulations and in vivo experiments. The consistency of spectral bases over time and the accuracy of the estimated kpl values validate the proposed acquisition scheme, which comprises only a single training dataset. The proposed method improved the spatial resolution of dynamic hyperpolarized 13 C MRSI, which could be used for kpl estimation using high signal-to-noise ratio spectral bases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Eun Song
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jaewook Shin
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hansol Lee
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young-Suk Choi
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ho-Taek Song
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
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31
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Öz G, Deelchand DK, Wijnen JP, Mlynárik V, Xin L, Mekle R, Noeske R, Scheenen TWJ, Tkáč I. Advanced single voxel 1 H magnetic resonance spectroscopy techniques in humans: Experts' consensus recommendations. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2020; 34:e4236. [PMID: 31922301 PMCID: PMC7347431 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Conventional proton MRS has been successfully utilized to noninvasively assess tissue biochemistry in conditions that result in large changes in metabolite levels. For more challenging applications, namely, in conditions which result in subtle metabolite changes, the limitations of vendor-provided MRS protocols are increasingly recognized, especially when used at high fields (≥3 T) where chemical shift displacement errors, B0 and B1 inhomogeneities and limitations in the transmit B1 field become prominent. To overcome the limitations of conventional MRS protocols at 3 and 7 T, the use of advanced MRS methodology, including pulse sequences and adjustment procedures, is recommended. Specifically, the semiadiabatic LASER sequence is recommended when TE values of 25-30 ms are acceptable, and the semiadiabatic SPECIAL sequence is suggested as an alternative when shorter TE values are critical. The magnetic field B0 homogeneity should be optimized and RF pulses should be calibrated for each voxel. Unsuppressed water signal should be acquired for eddy current correction and preferably also for metabolite quantification. Metabolite and water data should be saved in single shots to facilitate phase and frequency alignment and to exclude motion-corrupted shots. Final averaged spectra should be evaluated for SNR, linewidth, water suppression efficiency and the presence of unwanted coherences. Spectra that do not fit predefined quality criteria should be excluded from further analysis. Commercially available tools to acquire all data in consistent anatomical locations are recommended for voxel prescriptions, in particular in longitudinal studies. To enable the larger MRS community to take advantage of these advanced methods, a list of resources for these advanced protocols on the major clinical platforms is provided. Finally, a set of recommendations are provided for vendors to enable development of advanced MRS on standard platforms, including implementation of advanced localization sequences, tools for quality assurance on the scanner, and tools for prospective volume tracking and dynamic linear shim corrections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülin Öz
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - Dinesh K. Deelchand
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - Jannie P. Wijnen
- High field MR Research group, Department of Radiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Vladimír Mlynárik
- High Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lijing Xin
- Animal Imaging and Technology Core (AIT), Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ralf Mekle
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin (CSB), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Tom W. J. Scheenen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Erwin L Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, UNESCO World Cultural Heritage Zollverein, Essen, Germany
| | - Ivan Tkáč
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
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Silberbauer LR, Spurny B, Handschuh P, Klöbl M, Bednarik P, Reiter B, Ritter V, Trost P, Konadu ME, Windpassinger M, Stimpfl T, Bogner W, Lanzenberger R, Spies M. Effect of Ketamine on Limbic GABA and Glutamate: A Human In Vivo Multivoxel Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:549903. [PMID: 33101078 PMCID: PMC7507577 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.549903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Converging evidence suggests that ketamine elicits antidepressant effects via enhanced neuroplasticity precipitated by a surge of glutamate and modulation of GABA. Magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) illustrates changes to cerebral glutamate and GABA immediately following ketamine administration during dissociation. However, few studies assess subacute changes in the first hours following application, when ketamine's antidepressant effects emerge. Moreover, ketamine metabolites implicated in its antidepressant effects develop during this timeframe. Thus, this study aimed to investigate subacute changes in cerebral Glx (glutamate + glutamine), GABA and their ratio in seven brain regions central to depressive pathophysiology and treatment. METHODS Twenty-five healthy subjects underwent two multivoxel MRS scans using a spiral encoded, MEGA-edited LASER-localized 3D-MRSI sequence, at baseline and 2 h following intravenous administration of racemic ketamine (0.8 mg/kg bodyweight over 50 min). Ketamine, norketamine and dehydronorketamine plasma levels were determined at routine intervals during and after infusion. Automated region-of-interest (ROI)-based quantification of mean metabolite concentration was used to assess changes in GABA+/total creatine (tCr), Glx/tCr, and GABA+/Glx ratios in the thalamus, hippocampus, insula, putamen, rostral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), caudal ACC, and posterior cingulate cortex. Effects of ketamine on neurotransmitter levels and association with ketamine- and metabolite plasma levels were tested with repeated measures analyses of variance (rmANOVA) and correlation analyses, respectively. RESULTS For GABA+/tCr rmANOVA revealed a measurement by region interaction effect (puncorr < 0.001) and post hoc pairwise comparisons showed a reduction in hippocampal GABA+/tCr after ketamine (pcorr = 0.02). For Glx/tCr and GABA+/Glx neither main effects of measurement nor measurement by region interactions were observed (all puncorr > 0.05). Furthermore, no statistically significant associations between changes in any of the neurotransmitter ratios and plasma levels of ketamine, norketamine, or dehydronorketamine were observed (pcorr > 0.05). CONCLUSION This study provides evidence for decreased hippocampal GABA+/tCr ratio 2 h following ketamine administration. As MRS methodology measures total levels of intra- and extracellular GABA, results might indicate drug induced alterations in GABA turnover. Our study in healthy humans suggests that changes in GABA levels, particularly in the hippocampus, should be further assessed for their relevance to ketamine´s antidepressant effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo R Silberbauer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Benjamin Spurny
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Patricia Handschuh
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Manfred Klöbl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Petr Bednarik
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, High Field MR Centre, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Birgit Reiter
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Vera Ritter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Patricia Trost
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Melisande E Konadu
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marita Windpassinger
- Department of Anesthesia, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Stimpfl
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Bogner
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, High Field MR Centre, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rupert Lanzenberger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marie Spies
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Landheer K, Schulte RF, Treacy MS, Swanberg KM, Juchem C. Theoretical description of modern1H in Vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopic pulse sequences. J Magn Reson Imaging 2019; 51:1008-1029. [DOI: 10.1002/jmri.26846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Karl Landheer
- Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science New York New York USA
| | | | - Michael S. Treacy
- Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science New York New York USA
| | - Kelley M. Swanberg
- Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science New York New York USA
| | - Christoph Juchem
- Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science New York New York USA
- Radiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons New York New York USA
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Dacko M, Lange T. Improved detection of lactate and β-hydroxybutyrate using MEGA-sLASER at 3 T. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2019; 32:e4100. [PMID: 31038254 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Lactate and β-hydroxybutyrate are important MRS-visible biomarkers for the energy metabolism of the human brain. A major obstacle for their unambiguous detection and quantification in vivo is their inherently low concentration and spectral overlap with resonances from lipids and macromolecules. In this work, we demonstrate the improved detectability of lactate and β-hydroxybutyrate with MEGA-sLASER compared to MEGA-PRESS at the clinical field strength of 3 T. The method is validated by numerical simulations, in vitro measurements and in vivo experiments on healthy subjects. It is demonstrated that MEGA-sLASER offers an SNR increase of approximately 70% for lactate and β-hydroxybutyrate detection compared to MEGA-PRESS in various brain regions. This increased SNR translates into reduced Cramér-Rao lower bounds for quantification and enables a more robust detection of subtle changes in the (brain) energy metabolism. The sensitivity of the method for detection of β-hydroxybutyrate concentration changes is demonstrated through measurements before and during a ketogenic diet while the sensitivity for detection of lactate concentration changes is shown by measurements before and after an intensive anaerobic exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Dacko
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Lange
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Spurny B, Heckova E, Seiger R, Moser P, Klöbl M, Vanicek T, Spies M, Bogner W, Lanzenberger R. Automated ROI-Based Labeling for Multi-Voxel Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Data Using FreeSurfer. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:28. [PMID: 30837839 PMCID: PMC6382749 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Advanced analysis methods for multi-voxel magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) are crucial for neurotransmitter quantification, especially for neurotransmitters showing different distributions across tissue types. So far, only a handful of studies have used region of interest (ROI)-based labeling approaches for multi-voxel MRS data. Hence, this study aims to provide an automated ROI-based labeling tool for 3D-multi-voxel MRS data. Methods: MRS data, for automated ROI-based labeling, was acquired in two different spatial resolutions using a spiral-encoded, LASER-localized 3D-MRS imaging sequence with and without MEGA-editing. To calculate the mean metabolite distribution within selected ROIs, masks of individual brain regions were extracted from structural T1-weighted images using FreeSurfer. For reliability testing of automated labeling a comparison to manual labeling and single voxel selection approaches was performed for six different subcortical regions. Results: Automated ROI-based labeling showed high consistency [intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) > 0.8] for all regions compared to manual labeling. Higher variation was shown when selected voxels, chosen from a multi-voxel grid, uncorrected for voxel composition, were compared to labeling methods using spatial averaging based on anatomical features within gray matter (GM) volumes. Conclusion: We provide an automated ROI-based analysis approach for various types of 3D-multi-voxel MRS data, which dramatically reduces hands-on time compared to manual labeling without any possible inter-rater bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Spurny
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva Heckova
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, High Field MR Centre, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rene Seiger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Philipp Moser
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, High Field MR Centre, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Manfred Klöbl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Vanicek
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marie Spies
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Bogner
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, High Field MR Centre, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rupert Lanzenberger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Moser P, Hingerl L, Strasser B, Považan M, Hangel G, Andronesi OC, van der Kouwe A, Gruber S, Trattnig S, Bogner W. Whole-slice mapping of GABA and GABA + at 7T via adiabatic MEGA-editing, real-time instability correction, and concentric circle readout. Neuroimage 2019; 184:475-489. [PMID: 30243974 PMCID: PMC7212034 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
An adiabatic MEscher-GArwood (MEGA)-editing scheme, using asymmetric hyperbolic secant editing pulses, was developed and implemented in a B1+-insensitive, 1D-semiLASER (Localization by Adiabatic SElective Refocusing) MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) sequence for the non-invasive mapping of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) over a whole brain slice. Our approach exploits the advantages of edited-MRSI at 7T while tackling challenges that arise with ultra-high-field-scans. Spatial-spectral encoding, using density-weighted, concentric circle echo planar trajectory readout, enabled substantial MRSI acceleration and an improved point-spread-function, thereby reducing extracranial lipid signals. Subject motion and scanner instabilities were corrected in real-time using volumetric navigators optimized for 7T, in combination with selective reacquisition of corrupted data to ensure robust subtraction-based MEGA-editing. Simulations and phantom measurements of the adiabatic MEGA-editing scheme demonstrated stable editing efficiency even in the presence of ±0.15 ppm editing frequency offsets and B1+ variations of up to ±30% (as typically encountered in vivo at 7T), in contrast to conventional Gaussian editing pulses. Volunteer measurements were performed with and without global inversion recovery (IR) to study regional GABA levels and their underlying, co-edited, macromolecular (MM) signals at 2.99 ppm. High-quality in vivo spectra allowed mapping of pure GABA and MM-contaminated GABA+ (GABA + MM) along with Glx (Glu + Gln), with high-resolution (eff. voxel size: 1.4 cm3) and whole-slice coverage in 24 min scan time. Metabolic ratio maps of GABA/tNAA, GABA+/tNAA, and Glx/tNAA were correlated linearly with the gray matter fraction of each voxel. A 2.15-fold increase in gray matter to white matter contrast was observed for GABA when enabling IR, which we attribute to the higher abundance of macromolecules at 2.99 ppm in the white matter than in the gray matter. In conclusion, adiabatic MEGA-editing with 1D-semiLASER selection is as a promising approach for edited-MRSI at 7T. Our sequence capitalizes on the benefits of ultra-high-field MRSI while successfully mitigating the challenges related to B0/B1+ inhomogeneities, prolonged scan times, and motion/scanner instability artifacts. Robust and accurate 2D mapping has been shown for the neurotransmitters GABA and Glx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Moser
- High Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Lazarettgasse 14, A-1090, Vienna, Austria; Christian Doppler Laboratory for Clinical Molecular MRI, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Lukas Hingerl
- High Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Lazarettgasse 14, A-1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Bernhard Strasser
- High Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Lazarettgasse 14, A-1090, Vienna, Austria; Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Michal Považan
- High Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Lazarettgasse 14, A-1090, Vienna, Austria; Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Gilbert Hangel
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; High Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Lazarettgasse 14, A-1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Ovidiu C Andronesi
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Andre van der Kouwe
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Stephan Gruber
- High Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Lazarettgasse 14, A-1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Siegfried Trattnig
- High Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Lazarettgasse 14, A-1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Wolfgang Bogner
- High Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Lazarettgasse 14, A-1090, Vienna, Austria.
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Liimatainen T, Laakso H, Idiyatullin D, Mangia S, Michaeli S. Capturing exchange using periodic radiofrequency irradiation. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2018; 296:79-84. [PMID: 30223154 PMCID: PMC6661253 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The dynamics of spin system coupled by chemical exchange between two sites with different chemical shifts during periodic radiofrequency (RF) irradiation was here investigated. When the instantaneous π-flip of effective frequency during the course of frequency sweep was applied, a significant increase of exchange-induced relaxation rate constants was observed for small tip angle of magnetization in the laboratory frame of reference. This increase of the rate constants corresponds to the side bands generated by the periodic irradiation during the RF pulses. The exchange - induced relaxation rate constants depend on the exchange conditions, the RF power and the irradiation period. The described phenomenon promises applications for studying protein dynamics and for generating exchange specific relaxation contrasts in MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Liimatainen
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland; A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Hanne Laakso
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Djaudat Idiyatullin
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Silvia Mangia
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Shalom Michaeli
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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38
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Coello E, Noeske R, Burns BL, Gordon JW, Jakary A, Menze B, Haase A, Larson PEZ, Li Y, Schulte RF. High-resolution echo-planar spectroscopic imaging at ultra-high field. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2018; 31:e3950. [PMID: 30052300 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) at ultra-high field (≥7 T) benefits from improved sensitivity that allows the detection of low-concentration metabolites in the brain. However, optimized acquisition techniques are required to overcome inherent limitations of MRSI at ultra-high field. This work describes an optimized method for fast high-resolution 1 H-MRSI of the brain at 7 T. The proposed acquisition sequence combines precise volume localization using semi-localization by adiabatic selective refocusing, fast spatial encoding using high-bandwidth symmetric echo-planar spectroscopic imaging (EPSI), and robust water suppression with variable power and optimized relaxation delays. This showed improved robustness to B0 and B1+ inhomogeneities, eddy currents, nuisance signal contamination and system instabilities. Furthermore, a method for correction of phase inconsistencies in symmetric EPSI enabled high-bandwidth measurements at 7 T. The proposed correction effectively removed spectral ghosting using a single-shot water reference scan. This framework was tested in healthy volunteers at 7 T and spectral quality was compared with lower-spatial-resolution scans, measured at 3 T using the same methodology. A gain in the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) per unit volume and unit time of 1.57 was achieved, keeping acquisition time short (5 min) and the specific absorption rate within the permitted limits. This SNR enhancement obtained at ultra-high field enabled high-resolution (0.25-0.375 mL) metabolite mapping of the brain within a clinically feasible scan time. The correlation of the reconstructed maps with anatomical structures was observed, showing the diagnostic potential of the technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Coello
- Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- MR Applied Science Lab, GE Healthcare, Munich, Germany
| | - Ralph Noeske
- MR Applied Science Lab, GE Healthcare, Berlin, Germany
| | - Brian L Burns
- MR Applied Science Lab, GE Healthcare, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Jeremy W Gordon
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Angela Jakary
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Axel Haase
- Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Peder E Z Larson
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
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Saleh MG, Mikkelsen M, Oeltzschner G, Chan KL, Berrington A, Barker PB, Edden RAE. Simultaneous editing of GABA and glutathione at 7T using semi-LASER localization. Magn Reson Med 2017; 80:474-479. [PMID: 29285783 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To demonstrate simultaneous editing of the two most commonly edited and overlapping signals, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and glutathione (GSH), with Hadamard encoding and reconstruction of MEGA-edited spectroscopy (HERMES) using sLASER localization at 7T. METHODS Density matrix simulations of HERMES at 7T were carried out and compared with phantom experiments. Additional phantom experiments were performed to characterize the echo time (TE) -dependent modulation of GABA- and GSH-edited HERMES spectra at TE of 80-160 ms. In vivo experiments were performed in 10 healthy volunteers, comparing HERMES (11 min) to sequentially acquired MEGA-sLASER detection of GABA and GSH (2 × 11 min). RESULTS Simulations of HERMES show GABA- and GSH-edited spectra with negligible levels of crosstalk, and give modest agreement with phantom spectra. The TE series of GABA- and GSH-edited HERMES spectra modulate as a result of T2 relaxation and coupling evolution, with GABA showing a stronger TE-dependence. In vivo HERMES experiments show well-edited GABA and GSH signals. Measured concentrations are not statistically different between HERMES and MEGA-sLASER for GABA (1. 051 ± 0.254 i.u. and 1.053 ± 0.248 i.u; P > 0.985) or GSH (0.300 ± 0.091 i.u. and 0.302 ± 0.093 i.u; P > 0.940). CONCLUSION Simulated, phantom and in vivo measurements of HERMES show excellent segregation of GABA- and GSH-edited signals, and excellent agreement with separately acquired MEGA-sLASER data. HERMES allows two-fold acceleration of editing while maintaining spectral quality compared with sequentially acquired MEGA-sLASER measurements. Magn Reson Med 80:474-479, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad G Saleh
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Mark Mikkelsen
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Georg Oeltzschner
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kimberly L Chan
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Adam Berrington
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Peter B Barker
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Richard A E Edden
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Bogner W, Hangel G, Esmaeili M, Andronesi OC. 1D-spectral editing and 2D multispectral in vivo 1H-MRS and 1H-MRSI - Methods and applications. Anal Biochem 2017; 529:48-64. [PMID: 28034791 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2016.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This article reviews the methodological aspects of detecting low-abundant J-coupled metabolites via 1D spectral editing techniques and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) methods applied in vivo, in humans, with a focus on the brain. A brief explanation of the basics of J-evolution will be followed by an introduction to 1D spectral editing techniques (e.g., J-difference editing, multiple quantum coherence filtering) and 2D-NMR methods (e.g., correlation spectroscopy, J-resolved spectroscopy). Established and recently developed methods will be discussed and the most commonly edited J-coupled metabolites (e.g., neurotransmitters, antioxidants, onco-markers, and markers for metabolic processes) will be briefly summarized along with their most important applications in neuroscience and clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Bogner
- High-Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Gilbert Hangel
- High-Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Morteza Esmaeili
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| | - Ovidiu C Andronesi
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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Tayari N, Heerschap A, Scheenen TW, Kobus T. In vivo MR spectroscopic imaging of the prostate, from application to interpretation. Anal Biochem 2017; 529:158-170. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Andronesi OC, Esmaeili M, Borra RJH, Emblem K, Gerstner ER, Pinho MC, Plotkin SR, Chi AS, Eichler AF, Dietrich J, Ivy SP, Wen PY, Duda DG, Jain R, Rosen BR, Sorensen GA, Batchelor TT. Early changes in glioblastoma metabolism measured by MR spectroscopic imaging during combination of anti-angiogenic cediranib and chemoradiation therapy are associated with survival. NPJ Precis Oncol 2017; 1:20. [PMID: 29202103 PMCID: PMC5708878 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-017-0020-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Precise assessment of treatment response in glioblastoma during combined anti-angiogenic and chemoradiation remains a challenge. In particular, early detection of treatment response by standard anatomical imaging is confounded by pseudo-response or pseudo-progression. Metabolic changes may be more specific for tumor physiology and less confounded by changes in blood-brain barrier permeability. We hypothesize that metabolic changes probed by magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging can stratify patient response early during combination therapy. We performed a prospective longitudinal imaging study in newly diagnosed glioblastoma patients enrolled in a phase II clinical trial of the pan-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitor cediranib in combination with standard fractionated radiation and temozolomide (chemoradiation). Forty patients were imaged weekly during therapy with an imaging protocol that included magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging, perfusion magnetic resonance imaging, and anatomical magnetic resonance imaging. Data were analyzed using receiver operator characteristics, Cox proportional hazards model, and Kaplan-Meier survival plots. We observed that the ratio of total choline to healthy creatine after 1 month of treatment was significantly associated with overall survival, and provided as single parameter: (1) the largest area under curve (0.859) in receiver operator characteristics, (2) the highest hazard ratio (HR = 85.85, P = 0.006) in Cox proportional hazards model, (3) the largest separation (P = 0.004) in Kaplan-Meier survival plots. An inverse correlation was observed between total choline/healthy creatine and cerebral blood flow, but no significant relation to tumor volumetrics was identified. Our results suggest that in vivo metabolic biomarkers obtained by magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging may be an early indicator of response to anti-angiogenic therapy combined with standard chemoradiation in newly diagnosed glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ovidiu C. Andronesi
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 USA
| | - Morteza Esmaeili
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 USA
- Present Address: Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ronald J. H. Borra
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 USA
- Medical Imaging Centre of Southwest Finland, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Present Address: Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kyrre Emblem
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 USA
- Present Address: The Intervention Centre, Clinic for Diagnostics and Intervention, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Elizabeth R. Gerstner
- Stephen E. and Catherine Pappas Center of Neuro-Oncology, Departments of Neurology, Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 USA
| | - Marco C. Pinho
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 USA
- Present Address: Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235 USA
| | - Scott R. Plotkin
- Stephen E. and Catherine Pappas Center of Neuro-Oncology, Departments of Neurology, Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 USA
| | - Andrew S. Chi
- Stephen E. and Catherine Pappas Center of Neuro-Oncology, Departments of Neurology, Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 USA
- Present Address: Brain Tumor Center, Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center and School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016 USA
| | - April F. Eichler
- Stephen E. and Catherine Pappas Center of Neuro-Oncology, Departments of Neurology, Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 USA
- Present Address: Department of Neurology, Maine Medical Center, Portland, ME 04074 USA
| | - Jorg Dietrich
- Stephen E. and Catherine Pappas Center of Neuro-Oncology, Departments of Neurology, Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 USA
| | - S. Percy Ivy
- Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Patrick Y. Wen
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 USA
| | - Dan G. Duda
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 USA
| | - Rakesh Jain
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 USA
| | - Bruce R. Rosen
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 USA
| | - Gregory A. Sorensen
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 USA
- Present Address: IMRIS, Deerfield Imaging, Minnetonka, MN 55343 USA
| | - Tracy T. Batchelor
- Stephen E. and Catherine Pappas Center of Neuro-Oncology, Departments of Neurology, Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 USA
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Hnilicová P, Považan M, Strasser B, Andronesi OC, Gajdošík M, Dydak U, Ukropec J, Dobrota D, Trattnig S, Bogner W. Spatial variability and reproducibility of GABA-edited MEGA-LASER 3D-MRSI in the brain at 3 T. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2016; 29:1656-1665. [PMID: 27717093 PMCID: PMC5095789 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The reproducibility of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) quantification results, obtained with MRSI, was determined on a 3 T MR scanner in healthy adults. In this study, a spiral-encoded, GABA-edited, MEGA-LASER MRSI sequence with real-time motion-scanner-instability corrections was applied for robust 3D mapping of neurotransmitters in the brain. In particular, the GABA+ (i.e. GABA plus macromolecule contamination) and Glx (i.e. glutamate plus glutamine contamination) signal was measured. This sequence enables 3D-MRSI with about 3 cm3 nominal resolution in about 20 min. Since reliable quantification of GABA is challenging, the spatial distribution of the inter-subject and intra-subject variability of GABA+ and Glx levels was studied via test-retest assessment in 14 healthy volunteers (seven men-seven women). For both inter-subject and intra-subject repeated measurement sessions a low coefficient of variation (CV) and a high intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were found for GABA+ and Glx ratios across all evaluated voxels (intra-/inter-subject: GABA+ ratios, CV ~ 8%-ICC > 0.75; Glx ratios, CV ~ 6%-ICC > 0.70). The same was found in selected brain regions for Glx ratios versus GABA+ ratios (CV varied from about 5% versus about 8% in occipital and parietal regions, to about 8% versus about 10% in the frontal area, thalamus, and basal ganglia). These results provide evidence that 3D mapping of GABA+ and Glx using the described methodology provides high reproducibility for application in clinical and neuroscientific studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Hnilicová
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Biomedical Center Martin, Division of Neurosciences, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Michal Považan
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Clinical Molecular MR Imaging, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard Strasser
- High Field MR Center, Medical University of Vienna, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ovidiu C Andronesi
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Martin Gajdošík
- High Field MR Center, Medical University of Vienna, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ulrike Dydak
- Purdue University, School of Health Sciences, West Lafayette, IN, USA, Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Jozef Ukropec
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Obesity Section, Diabetes and Metabolic Disease Laboratory, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Dušan Dobrota
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Siegfried Trattnig
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Clinical Molecular MR Imaging, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Bogner
- High Field MR Center, Medical University of Vienna, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Vienna, Austria.
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Rapalino O, Ratai EM. Multiparametric Imaging Analysis: Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 2016; 24:671-686. [PMID: 27742109 DOI: 10.1016/j.mric.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a magnetic resonance-based imaging modality that allows noninvasive sampling of metabolic changes in normal and abnormal brain parenchyma. MRS is particularly useful in the differentiation of developmental or non-neoplastic disorders from neoplastic processes. MRS is also useful during routine imaging follow-up after radiation treatment or during antiangiogenic treatment and for predicting outcomes and treatment response. The objective of this article is to provide a concise but thorough review of the basic physical principles, important applications of MRS in brain tumor imaging, and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Rapalino
- Neuroradiology Division, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - E M Ratai
- Neuroradiology Division, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; MGH/HST Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Building 149, 13th Street, Room 2301, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.
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Inherited or acquired metabolic disorders. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2016. [PMID: 27432685 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-53485-9.00029-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
This chapter starts with a description of imaging of inherited metabolic disorders, followed by a discussion on imaging of acquired toxic-metabolic disorders of the adult brain. Neuroimaging is crucial for the diagnosis and management of a number of inherited metabolic disorders. Among these, inherited white-matter disorders commonly affect both the nervous system and endocrine organs. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has enabled new classifications of these disorders that have greatly enhanced both our diagnostic ability and our understanding of these complex disorders. Beyond the classic leukodystrophies, we are increasingly recognizing new hereditary leukoencephalopathies such as the hypomyelinating disorders. Conventional imaging can be unrevealing in some metabolic disorders, but proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) may be able to directly visualize the metabolic abnormality in certain disorders. Hence, neuroimaging can enhance our understanding of pathogenesis, even in the absence of a pathologic specimen. This review aims to present pathognomonic brain MRI lesion patterns, the diagnostic capacity of proton MRS, and information from clinical and laboratory testing that can aid diagnosis. We demonstrate that applying an advanced neuroimaging approach enhances current diagnostics and management. Additional information on inherited and metabolic disorders of the brain can be found in Chapter 63 in the second volume of this series.
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Berrington A, Voets NL, Plaha P, Larkin SJ, Mccullagh J, Stacey R, Yildirim M, Schofield CJ, Jezzard P, Cadoux-Hudson T, Ansorge O, Emir UE. Improved localisation for 2-hydroxyglutarate detection at 3T using long-TE semi-LASER. Tomography 2016; 2:94-105. [PMID: 27547821 PMCID: PMC4990123 DOI: 10.18383/j.tom.2016.00139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG) has emerged as a biomarker of tumour cell IDH mutations that may enable the differential diagnosis of glioma patients. At 3 Tesla, detection of 2-HG with magnetic resonance spectroscopy is challenging because of metabolite signal overlap and a spectral pattern modulated by slice selection and chemical shift displacement. Using density matrix simulations and phantom experiments, an optimised semi-LASER scheme (TE = 110 ms) improves localisation of the 2-HG spin system considerably compared to an existing PRESS sequence. This results in a visible 2-HG peak in the in vivo spectra at 1.9 ppm in the majority of IDH mutated tumours. Detected concentrations of 2-HG were similar using both sequences, although the use of semi-LASER generated narrower confidence intervals. Signal overlap with glutamate and glutamine, as measured by pairwise fitting correlation was reduced. Lactate was readily detectable across glioma patients using the method presented here (mean CLRB: (10±2)%). Together with more robust 2-HG detection, long TE semi-LASER offers the potential to investigate tumour metabolism and stratify patients in vivo at 3T.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Berrington
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, FMRIB Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford
| | - Natalie L. Voets
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, FMRIB Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford
| | - Puneet Plaha
- Department of Neurosurgery, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford
| | - Sarah J. Larkin
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford
| | | | - Richard Stacey
- Department of Neurosurgery, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford
| | | | | | - Peter Jezzard
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, FMRIB Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford
| | - Tom Cadoux-Hudson
- Department of Neurosurgery, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford
| | - Olaf Ansorge
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford
| | - Uzay E. Emir
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, FMRIB Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford
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Gilani IA, Sepponen R. Quantitative rotating frame relaxometry methods in MRI. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2016; 29:841-861. [PMID: 27100142 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Revised: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Macromolecular degeneration and biochemical changes in tissue can be quantified using rotating frame relaxometry in MRI. It has been shown in several studies that the rotating frame longitudinal relaxation rate constant (R1ρ ) and the rotating frame transverse relaxation rate constant (R2ρ ) are sensitive biomarkers of phenomena at the cellular level. In this comprehensive review, existing MRI methods for probing the biophysical mechanisms that affect the rotating frame relaxation rates of the tissue (i.e. R1ρ and R2ρ ) are presented. Long acquisition times and high radiofrequency (RF) energy deposition into tissue during the process of spin-locking in rotating frame relaxometry are the major barriers to the establishment of these relaxation contrasts at high magnetic fields. Therefore, clinical applications of R1ρ and R2ρ MRI using on- or off-resonance RF excitation methods remain challenging. Accordingly, this review describes the theoretical and experimental approaches to the design of hard RF pulse cluster- and adiabatic RF pulse-based excitation schemes for accurate and precise measurements of R1ρ and R2ρ . The merits and drawbacks of different MRI acquisition strategies for quantitative relaxation rate measurement in the rotating frame regime are reviewed. In addition, this review summarizes current clinical applications of rotating frame MRI sequences. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irtiza Ali Gilani
- Brain Research Unit, Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Aalto, Finland
- Advanced Magnetic Imaging Center, Aalto University, Aalto, Finland
- National Magnetic Resonance Research Center (UMRAM), Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Raimo Sepponen
- Department of Electronics, School of Electrical Engineering, Aalto University, Aalto, Finland
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Steinseifer IK, Philips BWJ, Gagoski B, Weiland E, Scheenen TWJ, Heerschap A. Flexible proton 3D MR spectroscopic imaging of the prostate with low-power adiabatic pulses for volume selection and spiral readout. Magn Reson Med 2016; 77:928-935. [PMID: 26968422 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cartesian k-space sampling in three-dimensional magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) of the prostate limits the selection of voxel size and acquisition time. Therefore, large prostates are often scanned at reduced spatial resolutions to stay within clinically acceptable measurement times. Here we present a semilocalized adiabatic selective refocusing (sLASER) sequence with gradient-modulated offset-independent adiabatic (GOIA) refocusing pulses and spiral k-space acquisition (GOIA-sLASER-Spiral) for fast prostate MRSI with enhanced resolution and extended matrix sizes. METHODS MR was performed at 3 tesla with an endorectal receive coil. GOIA-sLASER-Spiral at an echo time (TE) of 90 ms was compared to a point-resolved spectroscopy sequence (PRESS) with weighted, elliptical phase encoding at an TE of 145 ms using simulations and measurements of phantoms and patients (n = 9). RESULTS GOIA-sLASER-Spiral acquisition allows prostate MR spectra to be obtained in ∼5 min with a quality comparable to those acquired with a common Cartesian PRESS protocol in ∼9 min, or at an enhanced spatial resolution showing more precise tissue allocation of metabolites. Extended field of views (FOVs) and matrix sizes for large prostates are possible without compromising spatial resolution or measurement time. CONCLUSION The flexibility of spiral sampling enables prostate MRSI with a wide range of resolutions and FOVs without undesirable increases in acquisition times, as in Cartesian encoding. This approach is suitable for routine clinical exams of prostate metabolites. Magn Reson Med 77:928-935, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabell K Steinseifer
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (667), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bart W J Philips
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (667), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Borjan Gagoski
- Fetal-Neonatal Neuroimaging & Developmental Science Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Tom W J Scheenen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (667), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Arend Heerschap
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (667), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Esmaeili M, Bathen TF, Rosen BR, Andronesi OC. Three-dimensional MR spectroscopic imaging using adiabatic spin echo and hypergeometric dual-band suppression for metabolic mapping over the entire brain. Magn Reson Med 2016; 77:490-497. [PMID: 26840906 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Large lipid and water signals in MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) complicate brain metabolite quantification. In this study, we combined adiabatic hypergeometric dual-band (HGDB) lipid and water suppression with gradient offset independent adiabatic (GOIA) spin echo to improve three-dimensional (3D) MRSI of the entire brain. METHODS 3D MRSI was acquired at 3T with a 32-channel coil. HGDB pulses were used before excitation and during echo time. A brain slab was selected with GOIA-W(16,4) pulses, weighted phase encoded stack of spirals, and real-time motion/shim correction. HGDB alone or in combination with OVS and MEGA (MEscher-GArwood) was compared with OVS only and no suppression. RESULTS The combined HGDB pulses suppressed lipids to 2%-3% of their full unsuppressed signal. The HGDB lipid suppression was on average 5 times better than OVS suppression. HGDB+MEGA provided 30% more suppression compared with a previously described HGDB+OVS scheme. The number of voxels with good metabolic fits was significantly larger in the HGDB data (91%-94%) compared with the OVS data (59%-80%). CONCLUSION HGDB pulses provided efficient lipid and water suppression for full brain 3D MRSI. The HGDB suppression is superior to traditional OVS, and it can be combined with adiabatic spin echo to provide a sequence that is robust to B1 inhomogeneity. Magn Reson Med 77:490-497, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Esmaeili
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tone F Bathen
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Bruce R Rosen
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ovidiu C Andronesi
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Lin M, Kumar A, Yang S. Two-dimensional J-resolved LASER and semi-LASER spectroscopy of human brain. Magn Reson Med 2015; 71:911-20. [PMID: 23605818 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.24732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Two-dimensional J-resolved localized and semi-localized by adiabatic selective refocusing (LASER and semi-LASER) spectroscopy, named "J-resolved LASER" and "J-resolved semi-LASER", were introduced to suppress chemical shift artifacts, additional J-refocused artifactual peaks from spatially dependent J-coupling evolution, and sensitivity to radiofrequency (RF) field inhomogeneity. METHODS Three pairs of adiabatic pulses were employed for voxel localization in J-resolved LASER and two pairs in J-resolved semi-LASER. The first half of t1 period was inserted between the last pair of adiabatic pulses, which was proposed in this work to obtain two-dimensional adiabatic J-resolved spectra of human brain for the first time. Phantom and human experiments were performed to demonstrate their feasibility and advantages over conventional J-resolved spectroscopy (JPRESS). RESULTS Compared to JPRESS, J-resolved LASER or J-resolved semi-LASER exhibited significant suppression of chemical shift artifacts and additional J-refocused peaks from spatially dependent J-coupling evolution, and demonstrated insensitivity to the change of RF frequency offset over large bandwidth. CONCLUSION Experiments on phantoms and human brains verified the feasibility and strengths of two-dimensional adiabatic J-resolved spectroscopy at 3T. This technique is expected to advance the application of in vivo two-dimensional MR spectroscopy at 3T and higher field strengths for more reliable and accurate quantification of metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijin Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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