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Yousof TR, Mejia-Benitez A, Morrison KM, Austin RC. Reduced plasma GDF10 levels are positively associated with cholesterol impairment and childhood obesity. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1805. [PMID: 38245533 PMCID: PMC10799949 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51635-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Childhood obesity is a global health concern affecting over 150 million children worldwide, with projections of a rise to 206 million by 2025. Understanding the mechanisms underlying this epidemic is crucial for developing effective interventions. In this study, we investigated circulating levels of Growth Differentiation Factor 10 (GDF10), a novel regulator of adipogenesis. Previous studies report diminished circulating GDF10 levels contribute to obesity and hepatic steatosis in mice. To further understand the role of plasma GDF10 in childhood obesity, a prospective case-control study was conducted. Using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, plasma GDF10 levels were measured in children aged 5-17 years of age with normal (n = 36) and increased (n = 56) body mass index (BMI). Subsequently, plasma GDF10 levels were compared to various cardio-metabolic parameters. Children with increased BMI exhibit significantly lower levels of plasma GDF10 compared to children with normal BMI (p < 0.05). This study not only supports previous mouse data but is the first to report that lower levels of GDF10 is associated with childhood obesity, providing an important human connection for the relevance of GDF10 in obesity. Furthermore, this study revealed a significant correlation between low plasma GDF10 levels and elevated LDL-cholesterol and total cholesterol levels dependent on BMI (95% CI, p < 0.05). This study supports the hypothesis that children with obesity display lower plasma levels of GDF10, which correlates with elevated cholesterol levels. These insights shed light on potential mechanisms contributing to childhood obesity and may lead to future therapeutic interventions targeting GDF10 to mitigate adverse effects of adipogenesis in cardiometabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamana R Yousof
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University and The Research Institute of St. Joe's Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Aurora Mejia-Benitez
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University and The Research Institute of St. Joe's Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Katherine M Morrison
- Department of Pediatrics, Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Richard C Austin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University and The Research Institute of St. Joe's Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
- Department of Pediatrics, Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University and The Research Institute of St. Joe's Hamilton, 50 Charlton Ave. E., Rm. T-3313, Hamilton, ON, L8N 4A6, Canada.
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Maidowski L, Kiess W, Baber R, Dathan-Stumpf A, Ceglarek U, Vogel M. Tracking of serum lipids in healthy children on a year-to-year basis. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2023; 23:386. [PMID: 37532994 PMCID: PMC10398926 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-023-03391-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the stability of lipid profiles throughout childhood and evaluate their onset and dynamic. MATERIALS AND METHODS Lipid markers were longitudinally measured in more than 1300 healthy children from the LIFE Child study (Germany) and categorized into normal, at-risk, or adverse. Year-to-year intra-person persistence of the categories during follow-ups was examined and Pearson's correlation coefficient was calculated. RESULTS We found strong positive correlations for TC, LDL-C and ApoB (r > 0.75, p < 0.001) from the age of four years. Correlations were lowest during the first two years of life. Most children with normal levels also had normal levels the following year. Children with at-risk levels showed a tendency towards normal levels at the follow-up visit. Adverse levels of TC, LDL-C, ApoB (all ages), and HDL-C (from age 15) persisted in more than half of the affected children. Age-dependent patterns of stability were most pronounced and similar for TC, LDL-C, and ApoB. CONCLUSIONS Normal levels of serum lipids show high stability and adverse levels stabilized in early childhood for TC, LDL, and ApoB. At-risk and adverse levels of TC, LDL-C or ApoB may warrant further or repeated diagnostic measurements with regards to preventing CVD in the long run.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludwig Maidowski
- University of Leipzig, LIFE Child Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Philipp-Rosenthal-Str. 27, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Wieland Kiess
- University of Leipzig, LIFE Child Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Philipp-Rosenthal-Str. 27, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- University of Leipzig, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Liebigstr. 20a, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ronny Baber
- University of Leipzig, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Paul-List-Str. 13-15, 04013, Leipzig, Germany
- University of Leipzig, Leipzig Medical Biobank, Liebigstr. 27, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anne Dathan-Stumpf
- University of Leipzig, Department of Women and Child Health, Liebigstr. 20a, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Uta Ceglarek
- University of Leipzig, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Paul-List-Str. 13-15, 04013, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mandy Vogel
- University of Leipzig, LIFE Child Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Philipp-Rosenthal-Str. 27, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
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Hyperlipidemia and Cardiovascular Risk in Children and Adolescents. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030809. [PMID: 36979789 PMCID: PMC10045454 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) represents the major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The onset of the atherosclerosis process occurs during childhood and adolescence, subsequently leading to the onset of cardiovascular disease as young adults. Several cardiovascular risk factors can be identified in children and adolescents; however, hyperlipidemia, in conjunction with the global obesity epidemic, has emerged as the most prevalent, playing a key role in the development of ASCVD. Therefore, screening for hyperlipidemia is strongly recommended to detect high-risk children presenting with these disorders, as these patients deserve more intensive investigation and intervention. Treatment should be initiated as early as possible in order to reduce the risk of future ASCVD. In this review, we will discuss lipid metabolism and hyperlipidemia, focusing on correlations with cardiovascular risk and screening and therapeutic management to reduce or almost completely avoid the development of ASCVD.
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García-Villarino M, Signes-Pastor AJ, Riaño-Galán I, Rodríguez-Dehli AC, Vizcaíno E, Grimalt JO, Fernández-Somoano A, Tardón A. Serum concentrations of persistent organic pollutants mixture during pregnancy and anogenital distance in 8-year-old children from the INMA-Asturias cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 213:113607. [PMID: 35690090 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During pregnancy, women are commonly exposed to several endocrine-disrupting chemicals, including persistent organic pollutants (POPs). These compounds can transfer to the fetus through the placenta. Prenatal POP exposure is related to altered fetal genital and reproductive tract development. However, the relationship between exposure to POP mixtures and anogenital distance (AGD) is poorly investigated. This study investigated the association between prenatal exposure to POP mixtures and AGD in 8-year-old children. METHODS Data were collected from the INMA-Asturias cohort. Maternal serum POP concentrations were measured during the first trimester of pregnancy. Anoscrotal distance (AGDAS) and anopenile distance (AGDAP) in males and anofourchetal distance (AGDAF) and anoclitoral distance (AGDAC) in females were recorded in 362 8-years-olds. Conventional linear regression, and the novel weighted quantile sum regression (WQSR) and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) models were applied to assess the relationships between AGD and POPs exposure stratified by sex. RESULTS Among males, in the linear regression, b-hexachlorocyclohexane, PCB138, PCB153, and PCB180 were inversely associated with the anogenital index (AGI)AS (-0.06 mm/kg (95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.11, -0.02), -0.07 mm/kg (95% CI: -0.14, -0.01), -0.07 mm/kg (95% CI: -0.13, -0.01), and -0.08 mm/kg (95% CI: -0.14, -0.02), respectively). Among females, polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE)47 and PBDE154 were positively associated with increased AGIAF (0.02 mm/kg (95% CI: 0.00, 0.03) and 0.09 mm/kg (95% CI: 0.01, 0.17), respectively). BKMR confirmed these associations. WQSR found a negative combined effect of the POP mixture on AGD, and PCB138, PCB153, and PCB180 (weighted 0.18, 0.13, and 0.09, respectively) were identified as the most impacting chemicals. In females, WQSR found a positive combined effect and determined PBDE47 (weighted 0.35) as the most impacting. CONCLUSIONS Maternal exposure to a POP mixture was negatively associated with AGD in male children and positively associated with AGD in female children, thus providing evidence of the adverse effects of POPs on genital development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel García-Villarino
- Spanish Consortium for Reseaiologrch on Epidemy and Public Health (CIBERESP), Monforte de Lemos Avenue, 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Unidad de Epidemiología Molecular del Cáncer, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA) - Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería Street s/n, 33006, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Roma Avenue s/n, 33001, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Antonio J Signes-Pastor
- Spanish Consortium for Reseaiologrch on Epidemy and Public Health (CIBERESP), Monforte de Lemos Avenue, 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Unidad de Epidemiología de la Nutrición, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), Spain
| | - Isolina Riaño-Galán
- Spanish Consortium for Reseaiologrch on Epidemy and Public Health (CIBERESP), Monforte de Lemos Avenue, 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Roma Avenue s/n, 33001, Oviedo, Spain; Servicio de Pediatría, Endocrinología Pediátrica, HUCA, Roma Avenue s/n, 33001, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Ana Cristina Rodríguez-Dehli
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Roma Avenue s/n, 33001, Oviedo, Spain; Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital San Agustín, Heros Street, 4, 33410, Avilés, Asturias, Spain
| | - Esther Vizcaíno
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona Street, 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Cataluña, Spain
| | - Joan O Grimalt
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona Street, 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Cataluña, Spain
| | - Ana Fernández-Somoano
- Spanish Consortium for Reseaiologrch on Epidemy and Public Health (CIBERESP), Monforte de Lemos Avenue, 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Unidad de Epidemiología Molecular del Cáncer, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA) - Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería Street s/n, 33006, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Roma Avenue s/n, 33001, Oviedo, Spain.
| | - Adonina Tardón
- Spanish Consortium for Reseaiologrch on Epidemy and Public Health (CIBERESP), Monforte de Lemos Avenue, 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Unidad de Epidemiología Molecular del Cáncer, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA) - Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería Street s/n, 33006, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Roma Avenue s/n, 33001, Oviedo, Spain
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Fan H, Zhang X. Influence of parental weight change on the incidence of overweight and obesity in offspring. BMC Pediatr 2022; 22:330. [PMID: 35672684 PMCID: PMC9172004 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-022-03399-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is limited information on the association of parental weight change with overweight and obesity in offspring. This study aimed to investigate the association between parental weight change and incident overweight and obesity in offspring. METHODS This longitudinal cohort study included 2,963 parent-offspring trios who participated in at least two waves of the China Health and Nutrition Survey. The children without overweight and obesity defined by the International Obesity Task Force were included at the initial survey. Parental overweight and obesity were defined as body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2. RESULTS The incidence of overweight and obesity in offspring was 5.8% during a mean follow-up of 5.4 years. Paternal and maternal overweight and obesity at baseline were associated with this condition in offspring at follow-up (both Ps < 0.05). Compared with the persistent normal group, the persistent overweight and obesity group and incident overweight and obesity group (normal weight to overweight and obesity), but not the reversion group (overweight and obesity to normal weight), were more likely to report overweight and obesity in offspring at follow-up, regardless of father's or mother's condition. Additionally, compared with offspring whose both parents remained normal weight, those whose both parents changed from overweight and obesity to normal weight or whose one parent changed from overweight and obesity to normal weight while the other remained normal weight had no higher risks of overweight and obesity. CONCLUSION This study highlights the importance of parental weight management in the prevention of overweight/obesity in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Fan
- grid.449525.b0000 0004 1798 4472Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, North Sichuan Medical College, No. 234 Fujiang Road, Shunqing District, Nanchong, 637000 China
| | - Xingyu Zhang
- grid.412689.00000 0001 0650 7433Thomas E.Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, USA
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García-Villarino M, Signes-Pastor AJ, Karagas MR, Riaño-Galán I, Rodríguez-Dehli C, Grimalt JO, Junqué E, Fernández-Somoano A, Tardón A. Exposure to metal mixture and growth indicators at 4-5 years. A study in the INMA-Asturias cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 204:112375. [PMID: 34785205 PMCID: PMC8671344 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to toxic and non-toxic metals impacts childhood growth and development, but limited data exists on exposure to metal mixtures. Here, we investigated the effects of exposure to individual metals and a mixture of barium, cadmium, cobalt, lead, molybdenum, zinc, and arsenic on growth indicators in children 4-5 years of age. METHODS We used urine metal concentrations as biomarkers of exposure in 328 children enrolled in the Spanish INMA-Asturias cohort. Anthropometric measurements (arm, head, and waist circumferences, standing height, and body mass index) and parental sociodemographic variables were collected through face-to-face interviews by trained study staff. Linear regressions were used to estimate the independent effects and were adjusted for each metal in the mixture. We applied Bayesian kernel machine regression to examine non-linear associations and potential interactions. RESULTS In linear regression, urinary levels of cadmium were associated with reduced arm circumference (βadjusted = -0.44, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.73, -0.15), waist circumference (βadjusted = -1.29, 95% CI: -2.10, -0.48), and standing height (βadjusted = -1.09, 95% CI: -1.82, -0.35). Lead and cobalt concentrations were associated with reduced standing height (βadjusted = -0.64, 95% CI: -1.20, -0.07) and smaller head circumference (βadjusted = -0.29, 95% CI: -0.49, -0.09), respectively. However, molybdenum was positively associated with head circumference (βadjusted = 0.22, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.43). BKMR analyses showed strong linear negative associations of cadmium with arm and head circumference and standing height. BKMR analyses also found lead and cobalt in the metal mixture were related to reduce standing height and head circumference, and consistently found molybdenum was related to increased head circumference. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that exposure to metal mixtures impacts growth indicators in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel García-Villarino
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Monforte de Lemos Avenue 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Unidad de Epidemiología Molecular Del Cáncer, Instituto Universitario de Oncología Del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA) - Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería Street S/n, 33006, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Roma Avenue S/n, 33001, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Antonio J Signes-Pastor
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, 1 Medical Center Dr., Lebanon, NH, 03756, USA; Department of Public Health. Universidad Miguel Hernández, Avenida de Alicante KM 87, 03550, Sant Joan D'Alacant, Spain
| | - Margaret R Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, 1 Medical Center Dr., Lebanon, NH, 03756, USA
| | - Isolina Riaño-Galán
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Monforte de Lemos Avenue 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Servicio de Pediatría, Endocrinología Pediátrica, HUCA, Roma Avenue S/n, 33001, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | | | - Joan O Grimalt
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona Street 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Cataluña, Spain
| | - Eva Junqué
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona Street 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Cataluña, Spain
| | - Ana Fernández-Somoano
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Monforte de Lemos Avenue 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Unidad de Epidemiología Molecular Del Cáncer, Instituto Universitario de Oncología Del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA) - Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería Street S/n, 33006, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Roma Avenue S/n, 33001, Oviedo, Spain.
| | - Adonina Tardón
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Monforte de Lemos Avenue 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Unidad de Epidemiología Molecular Del Cáncer, Instituto Universitario de Oncología Del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA) - Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería Street S/n, 33006, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Roma Avenue S/n, 33001, Oviedo, Spain
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Lee JS, Jin MH, Lee HJ. Global relationship between parent and child obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Exp Pediatr 2022; 65:35-46. [PMID: 33781054 PMCID: PMC8743427 DOI: 10.3345/cep.2020.01620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The growing prevalence of overweight and/or obese children is an important public health problem in both developed and developing countries. Although the association of obesity between parents and their children is well known, its underlying mechanisms are not well established. PURPOSE This meta-analysis examined parent-child (PC) relationships in obesity and identified factors such as world region and country income level that may influence this relationship. METHODS We identified all related studies published between January 1, 2015 and May 31, 2020 by conducting a literature search using the MeSH terms "obesity," "overweight," "body mass index," "parent," "child," "associate," and "relate" in the PubMed database in English. RESULTS The meta-analysis of 23 studies that reported an odds ratio (OR) for parent and child obesity associations found a significant association between parents and children who were overweight or obese (pooled OR, 1.97; 95% confidence interval, 1.85-2.10). A meta-regression analysis was used to examine the sources of interstudy heterogeneity. The association between parent and child obesity was higher in Asia than in Europe and the Middle East and higher in high-income countries than in middle-or low-income countries. In addition, a higher association between parent and child obesity was found when both parents were obese than when only the father or mother was obese. This study from multiple countries indicates a significant PC relationship in weight status that varies according to PC pair type, parent and child weight statuses, world region, and country income level. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that the risk of childhood obesity is greatly influenced by parental weight status and indicate that parents could play an important role in preventing child obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Suk Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea
| | - Mi Hyeon Jin
- Department of Biostatistics, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea
| | - Hae Jeong Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea
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Prenatal Exposure to Cigarette Smoke and Anogenital Distance at 4 Years in the INMA-Asturias Cohort. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18094774. [PMID: 33947132 PMCID: PMC8124891 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Smoking by women is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes such as spontaneous abortion, preterm delivery, low birth weight, infertility, and prolonged time to pregnancy. Anogenital distance (AGD) is a sensitive biomarker of prenatal androgen and antiandrogen exposure. We investigated the effect of smoking and passive smoke exposure during pregnancy on anogenital distance in offspring at 4 years in the INMA-Asturias cohort (Spain). Women were interviewed during pregnancy to collect information on tobacco consumption, and anogenital distance was measured in 381 children: Anoscrotal distance in boys and anofourchetal distance in girls. We also measured maternal urinary cotinine levels at 32 weeks of pregnancy. We constructed linear regression models to analyze the association between prenatal smoke exposure and anogenital distance and adjusted the models by relevant covariates. Reported prenatal smoke exposure was associated with statistically significant increased anogenital index (AGI), both at week 12 of pregnancy (β = 0.31, 95% confidence interval: 0.00, 0.63) and at week 32 of pregnancy (β = 0.31, 95% confidence interval: 0.00, 0.63) in male children, suggesting altered androgenic signaling.
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Almari M, Mohammad A, Abubaker J, Ziyab AH. Obesity and Prediabetes are Jointly Associated with Lipid Abnormalities Among Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2021; 14:345-353. [PMID: 33519222 PMCID: PMC7837585 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s290383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Obesity and prediabetes are common among adolescents; however, it is unclear whether they jointly influence lipid levels. Hence, this study sought to assess whether obesity and prediabetes independently or jointly influence lipid levels among adolescents. METHODS A cross-sectional study enrolled school students aged 14-19 years (n = 1584). Body mass index (BMI)-for-age z-scores were estimated, and glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and lipid profile were measured in capillary blood. Prediabetes was defined as 5.7≤ HbA1c% ≤6.4. Geometric means of lipids were calculated, and linear regression was used to estimate the ratio of geometric means (RoGM) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI). All analyses were stratified by sex. RESULTS Of the total study participants, 52.1% (826/1584) were females and the majority were aged between 14.0 (5th percentile) and 18.0 (95th percentile) years. Based on BMI-for-age categories, 356 (22.5%) and 494 (31.2%) participants were classified as overweight and obese, respectively. Moreover, 34.3% (543/1584) of the study participants met the prediabetes definition. Compared to those with normal BMI and no prediabetes (reference category), participants classified as obese and having prediabetes had elevated levels of total cholesterol (TC; RoGM=1.09, 95% CI: 1.06-1.13), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C; 1.21, 1.13-1.29), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C; 1.20, 1.14-1.26), and triglycerides (TG; 1.18, 1.09-1.27) and reduced HDL-C (0.91, 0.88-0.95) levels. Independent of prediabetes, obesity was associated with all the investigated lipids. Prediabetes alone was associated with reduced levels of LDL-C and increased levels of HDL-C only among females. CONCLUSION Obesity independently and in combination with prediabetes demonstrated unfavorable effects on lipids among male and female adolescents, whereas prediabetes independently influenced LDL-C and HDL-C favorably only among females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Almari
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Faculty of Public Health, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Anwar Mohammad
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Division, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Jehad Abubaker
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Division, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Ali H Ziyab
- Department of Community Medicine and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
- Correspondence: Ali H Ziyab Department of Community Medicine and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait, P. O. Box 24923, Safat13110, Kuwait Tel +96524636545 Fax +96525338948 Email
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García-Villarino M, Riaño-Galán I, Rodríguez-Dehli AC, Freire C, Vizcaíno E, Grimalt JO, Tardón A, Fernández-Somoano A. Association between pre/perinatal exposure to POPs and children's anogenital distance at age 4 years: A study from the INMA-Asturias cohort. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2020; 229:113563. [PMID: 32559636 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2020.113563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals may impair genital development and alter reproductive tract anatomy. Anogenital distance (AGD) is a useful biomarker of exposure to chemicals that act as endocrine disruptors. We evaluated associations between prenatal and perinatal exposure to several persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and AGD in 4-year-old children. METHODS Data were drawn from the INMA-Asturias cohort. Pediatricians measured the anofourchetal distance in female children and anoscrotal distance in male children. The anogenital index (AGI) was defined as the AGD divided by the child's weight at age of examination. We measured the levels of two hexachlorocyclohexane isomers, hexachlorobenzene, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and its metabolites, six polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners, and six polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) congeners in maternal serum at 12 gestational weeks (n = 155) and in cord blood serum (n = 229). Anthropometric and parental sociodemographic variables were collected via face-to-face interviews. Linear regression models were used to evaluate the relationship between exposure to POPs and AGI, adjusted for confounders and stratified by sex. RESULTS In male children, we found inverse associations between AGI and maternal concentrations of PCB-138 (ß = -0.041, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.074, -0.008, second tertile), PCB-153 (ß = -0.052, 95% CI: -0.085, -0.020, second tertile), PCB-180 ß = -0.065, 95% CI: -0.096, -0.035, second tertile; ß = -0.042, 95% CI: -0.073, -0.011, third tertile), PBDE-209 (ß = -0.031, 95% CI: -0.058, -0.006), cord serum concentrations of PCB-153 (ß = -0.029, 95% CI: -0.059, -0.000, second tertile; ß = -0.047, 95% CI: -0.085, -0.008, third tertile), and PCB-180 (ß = -0.041, 95% CI: -0.078, -0.005, third tertile). In female children, AGI was positively associated with maternal serum concentrations of PCB-101 (ß = 0.039, 95% CI: 0.002, 0.076, second tertile), and higher cord serum levels of 4,4'-DDT (ß = 0.032, 95% CI: 0.003, 0.061, third tertile) and 4,4'-DDE (ß = 0.040, 95% CI: 0.011, 0.069, third tertile). CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide evidence of associations between specific POPs and AGI in boys and girls aged 4 years, and suggest that pre/perinatal exposure to POPs has a feminizing effect in males and a masculinizing effect in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel García-Villarino
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Monforte de Lemos Avenue, 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Unit of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, University Institute of Oncology of the Principality of Asturias (IUOPA), Department of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Julian Clavería Street s/n, 33006, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Roma Avenue s/n. 33001, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
| | - Isolina Riaño-Galán
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Monforte de Lemos Avenue, 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Roma Avenue s/n. 33001, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain; Servicio de Pediatría, Endocrinología, HUCA, Roma Avenue s/n. 33001, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Ana Cristina Rodríguez-Dehli
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Roma Avenue s/n. 33001, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain; Servicio de Pediatría. Hospital San Agustín, Heros Street, 4, 33410, Avilés, Asturias, Spain
| | - Carmen Freire
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Monforte de Lemos Avenue, 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.Granada), Avenida de Madrid 15, 18010, Granada, Spain
| | - Esther Vizcaíno
- Department of environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona Street, 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Cataluña, Spain
| | - Joan O Grimalt
- Department of environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona Street, 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Cataluña, Spain
| | - Adonina Tardón
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Monforte de Lemos Avenue, 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Unit of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, University Institute of Oncology of the Principality of Asturias (IUOPA), Department of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Julian Clavería Street s/n, 33006, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Roma Avenue s/n. 33001, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Ana Fernández-Somoano
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Monforte de Lemos Avenue, 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Unit of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, University Institute of Oncology of the Principality of Asturias (IUOPA), Department of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Julian Clavería Street s/n, 33006, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Roma Avenue s/n. 33001, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
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11
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Bawaked RA, Fernández-Barrés S, Navarrete-Muñoz EM, González-Palacios S, Guxens M, Irizar A, Lertxundi A, Sunyer J, Vioque J, Schröder H, Vrijheid M, Romaguera D. Impact of lifestyle behaviors in early childhood on obesity and cardiometabolic risk in children: Results from the Spanish INMA birth cohort study. Pediatr Obes 2020; 15:e12590. [PMID: 31793235 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying modifiable lifestyle behaviors linked to childhood obesity is necessary to develop preventive strategies. OBJECTIVE To estimate the association of five lifestyle behaviors in children aged 4 years on obesity and cardiometabolic risk factors at age 4 years and on obesity and blood pressure at age 7 years. METHODS We used child lifestyle data from the INMA project at age 4 years (n = 1480). We constructed a child lifestyle score by summing five behaviors (physical activity, sleep time, television time, plant based foods and intake of ultra-processed foods) and we categorized it into tertiles. At ages 4 and 7 years, we calculated age- and sex-specific z-scores for BMI, waist circumference (WC), and blood pressure. At age 4, we also calculated age-, and sex-, specific z-scores for triglycerides and HDL. We used linear and logistic regression analyses. RESULTS The lifestyle score was not associated with the outcomes at 4 years, but it was negatively associated with BMI and WC z-scores at age 7 years. Children at age 4 years in the highest tertile of the score had lower risk of overweight or obesity at age 7 years (OR = 0.61; 95% CI 0.39; 0.96) and abdominal obesity (OR = 0.48; 95% CI 0.24; 0.96). CONCLUSIONS Higher adherence to a healthy lifestyle at age 4 years decreased risk of overweight, obesity and abdominal obesity at 7 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rowaedh Ahmed Bawaked
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sílvia Fernández-Barrés
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Maria Navarrete-Muñoz
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Departamento Salud Pública, Universidad Miguel Hernández, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Sandra González-Palacios
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Departamento Salud Pública, Universidad Miguel Hernández, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Mònica Guxens
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Centre-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Amaia Irizar
- BIODONOSTIA Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | | | - Jordi Sunyer
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesus Vioque
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Departamento Salud Pública, Universidad Miguel Hernández, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Helmut Schröder
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Dora Romaguera
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (IdISBa), Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
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12
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Fernández-Barrés S, Vrijheid M, Manzano-Salgado CB, Valvi D, Martínez D, Iñiguez C, Jimenez-Zabala A, Riaño-Galán I, Navarrete-Muñoz EM, Santa-Marina L, Tardón A, Vioque J, Arija V, Sunyer J, Romaguera D. The Association of Mediterranean Diet during Pregnancy with Longitudinal Body Mass Index Trajectories and Cardiometabolic Risk in Early Childhood. J Pediatr 2019; 206:119-127.e6. [PMID: 30429079 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the associations between maternal adherence to the Mediterranean diet during pregnancy and their offspring's longitudinal body mass index (BMI) trajectories and cardiometabolic risk in early childhood. STUDY DESIGN We included mother-child pairs from the Infancia y Medio Ambiente (INMA) longitudinal cohort study in Spain. We measured dietary intake during pregnancy using a validated food frequency questionnaire and calculated the relative Mediterranean diet score (rMED). We estimated offspring's BMI z score trajectories from birth to age 4 years using latent class growth analyses (n = 2195 mother-child pairs). We measured blood pressure, waist circumference, and cardiometabolic biomarkers to construct a cardiometabolic risk score at 4 years (n = 697 mother-child pairs). We used multivariable adjusted linear and multinomial regression models. RESULTS A higher maternal rMED in pregnancy was associated with a lower risk in offspring of larger birth size, followed by accelerated BMI gain (reference trajectory group: children with average birth size and subsequent slower BMI gain) (relative risk of high vs low rMED score, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.47-0.99). rMED score during pregnancy was not associated with the cardiometabolic risk score, its components, or related biomarkers. CONCLUSIONS Higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet in pregnancy was associated with lower risk of having offspring with an accelerated growth pattern. This dietary pattern was not associated with the offspring's cardiometabolic risk at 4 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sílvia Fernández-Barrés
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Nutrition and Mental Health Research Group (NUTRISAM), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut (FMCS), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Reus, Spain.
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cyntia B Manzano-Salgado
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Damaskini Valvi
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - David Martínez
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Iñiguez
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Jimenez-Zabala
- BIODONOSTIA Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain; Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Basque Government, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Isolina Riaño-Galán
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Pediatric Unit, Hospital San Agustin, Aviles, Spain
| | - Eva Maria Navarrete-Muñoz
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Department of Public Health, History of Medicine and Gynecology, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL-FISABIO Foundation), Alicante, Spain
| | - Loreto Santa-Marina
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; BIODONOSTIA Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain; Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Basque Government, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Adonina Tardón
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; IUOPA and University of Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Jesús Vioque
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Department of Public Health, History of Medicine and Gynecology, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL-FISABIO Foundation), Alicante, Spain
| | - Victoria Arija
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Nutrition and Mental Health Research Group (NUTRISAM), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut (FMCS), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Reus, Spain
| | - Jordi Sunyer
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dora Romaguera
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
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Caffarelli C, Santamaria F, Di Mauro D, Mastrorilli C, Montella S, Tchana B, Valerio G, Verrotti A, Valenzise M, Bernasconi S, Corsello G. Advances in pediatrics in 2017: current practices and challenges in allergy, endocrinology, gastroenterology, genetics, immunology, infectious diseases, neonatology, nephrology, neurology, pulmonology from the perspective of Italian Journal of Pediatrics. Ital J Pediatr 2018; 44:82. [PMID: 30016966 PMCID: PMC6050676 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-018-0524-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This review provides an overview of a remarkable number of significant studies in pediatrics that have been published over the past year in the Italian Journal of Pediatrics. We have selected information from papers presented in the Journal that deal with allergy, endocrinology, gastroenterology, genetics, immunology, infectious diseases, neonatology, nephrology, neurology, pulmonology. The relevant epidemiologic findings, and developments in prevention, diagnosis and treatment of the last year have been discussed and placed in context. We think that advances achieved in 2017 will help readers to make the future of patients better.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Caffarelli
- Clinica Pediatrica, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Francesca Santamaria
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Dora Di Mauro
- Clinica Pediatrica, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Carla Mastrorilli
- Clinica Pediatrica, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Silvia Montella
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Bertrand Tchana
- Cardiologia Pediatrica, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria, Parma, Italy
| | - Giuliana Valerio
- Pediatria, Dipartimento di Scienze Motorie e del Benessere, Università di Napoli Parthenope, Naples, Italy
| | - Alberto Verrotti
- Department of Pediatrics, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Mariella Valenzise
- UOC Clinica Pediatrica AOU G, Martino Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Sergio Bernasconi
- Pediatrics Honorary Member University Faculty, G D’Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Giovanni Corsello
- Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother and Child Care “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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