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Anandika Lestari O, Sri Palupi N, Setiyono A, Kusnandar F, Dewi Yuliana N. LC-MS metabolomics and molecular docking approaches to identify antihyperglycemic and antioxidant compounds from Melastoma malabathricum L. Leaf. Saudi J Biol Sci 2024; 31:104047. [PMID: 38983129 PMCID: PMC11231536 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2024.104047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The dried leaves of Melastoma malabathricum L., locally named Karamunting or Senduduk, is traditionally consumed in many regions in Indonesia as herbal tea to cure different illnesses, including diabetes. To date, information on the compounds responsible for their antidiabetic activity is still very rare. The study aimed to identify bioactive compounds of M. malabathricum L. leaves using LC-MS based metabolomics and molecular docking approaches. The leaves brewed with different methods were subjected to LC-MS measurements and several bioactivity tests (in vivo and in vitro antihyperglycemic, and in vitro antioxidant). LC-MS data were linked to the activity data using multivariate data analysis. Molecular docking using alpha-glucosidase, alpha-amylase, and insulin receptor as protein targets was used to verify the results and study the interaction between the identified compound and protein targets. As results, isoquercetin and myricitrin were identified as compounds strongly associated with alpha-amylase inhibitors, while rutin and epicatechin were identified as alpha-glucosidase inhibitors. Quercitrin, citric acid, quercetin, epicatechin, isoquercitrin, and 7-hydroxycoumarine were strongly correlated with both antihyperglycemic and antioxidant activities. The results of metabolomics were confirmed with molecular docking studies, which showed that some of these compounds acted as competitive inhibitors, while others acted as non-competitive ones. Possible synergism between epicatechin and citric acid in their interaction with IR was detected. Metabolomics combined with molecular docking efficiently identified and confirmed several antihyperglycemic and antioxidant compounds from M. malabathricum L., leaf. This study provides scientific evidence for the traditional use of M. malabathricum L. as an antidiabetic herbal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oke Anandika Lestari
- Department of Food Science and Technology, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanjungpura University, Pontianak 78124, Indonesia
| | - Nurheni Sri Palupi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
- Southeast Asian Food and Agricultural Science and Technology (SEAFAST) Center, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
| | - Agus Setiyono
- Department of Clinic, Reproduction and Pathology, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Feri Kusnandar
- Department of Food Science and Technology, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
- Southeast Asian Food and Agricultural Science and Technology (SEAFAST) Center, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
| | - Nancy Dewi Yuliana
- Department of Food Science and Technology, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
- Southeast Asian Food and Agricultural Science and Technology (SEAFAST) Center, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
- Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
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Roney M, Issahaku AR, Huq AKMM, Sapari S, Abdul Razak FI, Wilhelm A, Zamri NB, Sharmin S, Islam MR, Mohd Aluwi MFF. In Silico Exploration of Isoxazole Derivatives of Usnic Acid: Novel Therapeutic Prospects Against α-Amylase for Diabetes Treatment. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024:10.1007/s12013-024-01419-1. [PMID: 39020086 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01419-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) a metabolic disorder characterized by high blood sugar levels causing damage to various organs over time. Current anti-diabetic drugs have limitations and side effects, prompting a search for new inhibitors targeting the α-amylase enzyme. This study aims to discover such inhibitors from thirty isoxazole derivatives of usnic acid using in silico approaches. The potential inhibitory effects of compounds were investigated using ADMET, molecular docking, molecular dynamic simulation, principal component analysis and density functional theory studies. ADMET analysis exhibited a wide range of physicochemical, pharmacokinetic, and drug-like qualities with no significant side effects which were then investigated using molecular docking experiment to determine the lead compound with the best binding affinity for the α-amylase enzyme. All compounds showed good binding affinity against α-amylase enzyme (-7.9 to -9.2 kcal/mol) where compound-13 showed the best binding affinity of -9.2 kcal/mol forming hydrogen bonds with Leu162, Tyr62, Glu233 and Asp300 amino acids. Furthermore, the binding posture and the stability of the compound-13-α-amylase enzyme complex was confirmed by molecular dynamic simulation experiment. Moreover, compound-13 showed binding energy value of -27.92 ± 5.61 kcal/mol, which indicated it could be an α-amylase inhibitor. Additionally, the reactivity of compound-13 was further confirmed by density functional theory analysis. The above findings suggest compound-13 to be a potential α-amylase inhibitor in DM. And setting the stage for further in vitro and in vivo experimental validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miah Roney
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Lebuhraya Persiaran Tun Khalil Yaakob, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
- Centre for Bio-aromatic Research, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Lebuhraya Persiaran Tun Khalil Yaakob, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Rashid Issahaku
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State, 205 Nelson Mandela Avenue, Bloemfontein, 9301, South Africa
| | - A K M Moyeenul Huq
- Centre for Drug and Herbal Development, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz-50300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Suhaila Sapari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University Technology of Malaysia, Skudai, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Fazira Ilyana Abdul Razak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University Technology of Malaysia, Skudai, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Anke Wilhelm
- Centre for Drug and Herbal Development, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz-50300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Normaiza Binti Zamri
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Lebuhraya Persiaran Tun Khalil Yaakob, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Sabrina Sharmin
- School of Pharmacy, BRAC University, 66 Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Md Robiul Islam
- School of Pharmacy, BRAC University, 66 Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Mohd Fadhlizil Fasihi Mohd Aluwi
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Lebuhraya Persiaran Tun Khalil Yaakob, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.
- Centre for Bio-aromatic Research, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Lebuhraya Persiaran Tun Khalil Yaakob, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.
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Ma QG, Wang L, Liu RH, Yuan JB, Xiao H, Shen ZY, Li JX, Guo JZ, Cao L, Huang HL, Wei RR. Phyllanthus emblica Linn: A comprehensive review of botany, traditional uses, phytonutrients, health benefits, quality markers, and applications. Food Chem 2024; 446:138891. [PMID: 38432135 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Phyllanthus emblica Linn is not only an edible fruit with high nutritional value, but also a medicinal plant with multiple bioactivities. It is widely used in clinical practice with functions of clearing heat, cooling blood, digesting food, strengthening stomach, promoting fluid production, and relieving cough. This review summarized a wide variety of phytonutrients, including nutritional components (mineral elements, amino acids, vitamins, polysaccharides, unsaturated free fatty acids) and functional components (phenolic acids (1-34), tannins (35-98), flavonoids (99-141), sterols (142-159), triterpenoids (160-175), lignans (176-183), alkaloids (184-197), alkanes (198-212), aromatic micromolecules (213-222), other compounds (223-239)). The isolated compounds and the various extracts of P. emblica Linn presented a diverse spectrum of biological activities such as anti-oxidant, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, anti-atherosclerosis, neuroprotective, enhancing immunity, anti-fatigue, anti-myocardial fibrosis. The quality markers of P. emblica Linn were predicted and analyzed based on traditional medicinal properties, traditional efficacy, plant genealogy and chemical component characteristics, biogenic pathway of chemical components, measurability of chemical components, transformation characteristics of polyphenolic components, homologous characteristics of medicine and food, compound compatibility environment, and clinical applications. This review also summarized and prospected applications of P. emblica Linn in beverages, preserved fruits, fermented foods, etc. However, the contents of mechanism, structure-activity relationship, quality control, toxicity, extraction, processing of P. emblica Linn are not clear, and are worth further studies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin-Ge Ma
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Ministry of Education, Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Laboratory Service Center, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Ministry of Education, Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Laboratory Service Center, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Rong-Hua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Ministry of Education, Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Laboratory Service Center, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Jin-Bin Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Ministry of Education, Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Laboratory Service Center, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Hui Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Ministry of Education, Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Laboratory Service Center, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Zhang-Yang Shen
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Ministry of Education, Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Laboratory Service Center, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Jia-Xin Li
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Ministry of Education, Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Laboratory Service Center, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Jia-Zeng Guo
- College of Jewelry and Jade Carvin, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China.
| | - Lan Cao
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Ministry of Education, Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Laboratory Service Center, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China.
| | - Hui-Lian Huang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Ministry of Education, Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Laboratory Service Center, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China.
| | - Rong-Rui Wei
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Ministry of Education, Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Laboratory Service Center, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China.
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Cheng X, Huang J, Li H, Zhao D, Liu Z, Zhu L, Zhang Z, Peng W. Quercetin: A promising therapy for diabetic encephalopathy through inhibition of hippocampal ferroptosis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 126:154887. [PMID: 38377720 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathophysiology of diabetic encephalopathy (DE), a significant diabetes-related pathological complication of the central nervous system, is poorly understood. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent regulated necrotic cell death process that mediates the development of neurodegenerative and diabetes-related lesions. Quercetin (QE) exerts anti-ferroptotic effects in various diseases. However, the roles of ferroptosis in DE and the potential anti-ferroptotic mechanisms of QE are unclear. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate if quercetin can ameliorate DE by inhibiting ferroptosis and to elucidate the potential anti-ferroptotic mechanisms of QE, thus providing a new perspective on the pathogenesis and prevention of DE. METHODS The spontaneously type 2 diabetic Goto-Kakizak rats and high glucose (HG)-induced PC12 cells were used as animal and in vitro models, respectively. The Morris water maze test was performed to evaluate the cognition of rats. Pathological damage was examined using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Mitochondrial damage was assessed using transmission electron microscopy. Lipid peroxidation was evaluated by examining the levels of malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione. Additionally, the contents of iron ions were quantified. Immunofluorescence and western blotting were carried out to poke the protein levels. Network pharmacology analysis was conducted to construct a protein-protein interaction network for the therapeutic targets of QE in DE. Additionally, molecular docking and cellular thermal shift assay was performed to examine the target of QE. RESULTS QE alleviated cognitive impairment, decreased lipid peroxidation and iron deposition in the hippocampus, and upregulated the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. HG-induced ferroptosis in PC12 cells resulted in decreased cell viability accompanied by lipid peroxidation and iron deposition. QE mitigated HG-induced ferroptosis by upregulating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, which was partially suppressed upon Nrf2 inhibition. Network pharmacology analysis further indicated that the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway is a key target of QE. Molecular docking experiments revealed that QE binds to KEAP1 through four hydrogen bonds. Moreover, QE altered the thermostability of KEAP1. CONCLUSION These results indicated that QE inhibits ferroptosis in the hippocampal neurons by binding to KEAP1 and subsequently upregulating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Cheng
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorder, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, PR China
| | - Jianhua Huang
- Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410013, PR China
| | - Hongli Li
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorder, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, PR China
| | - Di Zhao
- Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410013, PR China
| | - Zhao Liu
- Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410013, PR China
| | - Lemei Zhu
- Academician Workstation, Changsha Medical University, Changsha 410219, PR China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- YangSheng College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, PR China
| | - Weijun Peng
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorder, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, PR China.
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Ahmed SF, Bakr MA, Rasmy AH. The efficacy of using metformin and/or quercetin for amelioration of gamma-irradiation induced tongue toxicity in diabetic rats. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:110. [PMID: 38238729 PMCID: PMC10797788 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-03871-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes is a common disease that cancer patients may suffer from and may aggravate side effects of radiotherapy. This study aimed to detect whether metformin and/or quercetin will improve gamma-irradiation induced tongue toxicity in diabetic rats. METHODS 35 male albino rats were divided into five groups; NOR no streptozotocin, no radiation and no treatment was given, DR rats were subjected to streptozotocin then gamma-irradiation, DRM rats were subjected to streptozotocin then gamma-irradiation then metformin, DRQ rats were subjected to streptozotocin then gamma-irradiation then quercetin, DRMQ rats were subjected to streptozotocin then gamma-irradiation then metformin and quercetin. Rats were euthanized 24 h after last treatment dose. Mean blood glucose level was recorded. Tongue specimens were stained with H&E and CD68. Histomorphometric analysis of length, diameter and taste buds of lingual papillae and epithelial, keratin and lamina propria thickness and CD68 positive cells were calculated. RESULTS Blood glucose level of DRMQ was significantly lower than DR, DRM and DRQ, whereas higher than NOR. Metformin or quercetin partially restored tongue structure, papillae length and diameter and tongue layers thickness. The ameliorative effect was superior when metformin and quercetin were used together. Diabetes and irradiation significantly increased number of CD68 positive macrophages in submucosa and muscles. Metformin or quercetin significantly reduced number of lingual macrophages with more noticeable effect for quercetin. Treatment with metformin and quercetin significantly decreased number of macrophages. CONCLUSIONS Combined use of metformin and quercetin might help mitigate the harmful effects of radiotherapy and diabetes on lingual tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salwa Farid Ahmed
- Health Radiation Research Dept, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mostafa A Bakr
- Health Radiation Research Dept, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amr H Rasmy
- Health Radiation Research Dept, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt.
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T FX, R S, A K FR, S B, R K, M A, S V, S P, S A, K S, M T. Phytochemical composition, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant and anti-diabetic effects of Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav. leaves: in vitro and in silico assessments. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024:1-27. [PMID: 38180058 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2300124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to screen the chemical components of Solanum elaeagnifolium leaves and assess their therapeutic attributes with regard to their antioxidant, antibacterial, and antidiabetic activities. The antidiabetic effects were explored to determine the α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory potential of the leaf extract. To identify the active antidiabetic drugs from the extracts, the GC-MS-screened molecules were docked with diabetes-related proteins using the glide module in the Schrodinger Tool. In addition, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed for 100 ns to evaluate the binding stability of the docked complex using the Desmond module. The ethyl acetate had a significant total phenolic content (TPC), with a value of 79.04 ± 0.98 mg/g GAE. The ethanol extract was tested for its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for its bacteriostatic properties. It suppressed the growth of B. subtilis, E. coli, P. vulgaris, R. equi and S. epidermis at a dosage of 118.75 µg/mL. Moreover, the IC50 values of the ethanol extract were determined to be 17.78 ± 2.38 in the α-amylase and and 27.90 ± 5.02 µg/mL in α-glucosidase. The in-silico investigation revealed that cyclolaudenol achieved docking scores of -7.94 kcal/mol for α-amylase. Likewise, the α-tocopherol achieved the docking scores of -7.41 kcal/mol for glycogen phosphorylase B and -7.21 kcal/mol for phosphorylase kinase. In the MD simulations, the cyclolaudenol and α-tocopherol complexes exhibited consistently stable affinities with diabetic proteins throughout the trajectory. Based on these findings, we conclude that this plant could be a good source for the development of novel antioxidant, antibacterial, and antidiabetic agents.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis Xavier T
- Ethnopharmacological Research Unit, PG and Research Department of Botany, St. Joseph's College (Autonomous), Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sabitha R
- Ethnopharmacological Research Unit, PG and Research Department of Botany, St. Joseph's College (Autonomous), Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Freeda Rose A K
- PG and Research Department of Botany, Holy Cross College (Autonomous), Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Balavivekananthan S
- Ethnopharmacological Research Unit, PG and Research Department of Botany, St. Joseph's College (Autonomous), Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kariyat R
- Department of Biology, The University of Texas, Rio Grande Valley, W University Dr, Edinburg, TX, USA
| | - Ayyanar M
- PG and Research Department of Botany, A.V.V.M. Sri Pushpam College (Autonomous), Bharathidasan University, Poondi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vijayakumar S
- PG and Research Department of Botany, A.V.V.M. Sri Pushpam College (Autonomous), Bharathidasan University, Poondi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Prabhu S
- Division of Phytochemistry and Drug Design, Department of Biosciences, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences, Cochin, Kerala, India
| | - Amalraj S
- Division of Phytochemistry and Drug Design, Department of Biosciences, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences, Cochin, Kerala, India
| | - Shine K
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thiruvengadam M
- Department of Crop Science, College of Sanghuh Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
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Wal P. Phytochemicals and their Potential Mechanisms against Insulin Resistance. Curr Diabetes Rev 2024; 20:e081123223322. [PMID: 37946350 DOI: 10.2174/0115733998262924231020083353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Insulin's inception dates back to 1921 and was unveiled through a momentous revelation. Diabetes is a dangerous, long-term disease in which the body fails to generate enough insulin or utilize the insulin it creates adequately. This causes hyperglycemia, a state of high blood sugar levels, which can even put a person into a coma if not managed. Activation of the insulin receptor corresponds to two crucial metabolic functions, i.e., uptake of glucose and storage of glycogen. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) exists as one of the most challenging medical conditions in the 21st century. The sedentary lifestyle and declining quality of food products have contributed to the rapid development of metabolic disorders. Hence, there is an urgent need to lay some reliable, significant molecules and modalities of treatment to combat and manage this epidemic. In this review, we have made an attempt to identify and enlist the major phytoconstituents along with the associated sources and existing mechanisms against insulin resistance. The conducted study may offer potential sustainable solutions for developing and formulating scientifically validated molecules and phytoconstituents as formulations for the management of this metabolic disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranay Wal
- PSIT-Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology (PHARMACY), NH19 Kanpur, Agra Highway, Bhauti Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 209305, India
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Mandour DA, Morsy MM, Fawzy A, Mohamed NM, Ahmad MM. Structural and molecular changes in the rat myocardium following perfluoroctane sulfonate (PFOS) exposure are mitigated by quercetin via modulating HSP 70 and SERCA 2. J Mol Histol 2023; 54:283-296. [PMID: 37365388 PMCID: PMC10412685 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-023-10134-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is a man-made fluorinated compound employed in a variety of industrial and civilian applications. Due to its long elimination half-life and promotion of oxidative stress and inflammation, it is one of the most abundant organic contaminants. The present study was designed to determine the cytotoxic effect of PFOS on adult male rat cardiac tissue and to assess the cardioprotective role of the flavonoid quercetin (Que), which possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties. Twenty-four adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four equal groups: Group I (Control). Group II (Que) received Que (75 mg/kg/day for 4 weeks) by oral gavage. Group III (PFOS group): supplemented orally with PFOS (20 mg/kg/day for 4 weeks) and Group IV (PF OS/Que). The rat heart was processed for histological, immunohistochemical, and gene expression studies. The PFOS group showed histological alterations in the myocardium that were partially reversed by the administration of Que. The inflammatory biomarkers (TNF, IL-6, and IL-1), lipid profile, TSH, MDA, and serum cardiac enzymes (LDH and CK-MB) were all altered. These findings collectively suggest that PFOS had adverse effects on the cardiac muscle structure, and these effects were alleviated by quercetin, which is a promising cardioprotective flavonoid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia A. Mandour
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Manal M. Morsy
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Amal Fawzy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | | | - Marwa M. Ahmad
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Ouahabi S, Loukili EH, Daoudi NE, Chebaibi M, Ramdani M, Rahhou I, Bnouham M, Fauconnier ML, Hammouti B, Rhazi L, Ayerdi Gotor A, Dépeint F, Ramdani M. Study of the Phytochemical Composition, Antioxidant Properties, and In Vitro Anti-Diabetic Efficacy of Gracilaria bursa-pastoris Extracts. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:372. [PMID: 37504903 PMCID: PMC10381155 DOI: 10.3390/md21070372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, a comparison was made of the chemical makeup of different extracts obtained from Gracilaria bursa-pastoris, a type of red seaweed that was gathered from the Nador lagoon situated in the northern part of Morocco. Additionally, their anti-diabetic and antioxidant properties were investigated. The application of GC-MS technology to analyze the fatty acid content of the samples revealed that linoleic acid and eicosenoic acid were the most abundant unsaturated fatty acids across all samples, with palmitic acid and oleic acid following in frequency. The HPLC analysis indicated that ascorbic and kojic acids were the most prevalent phenolic compounds, while apigenin was the most common flavonoid molecule. The aqueous extract exhibited significant levels of polyphenols and flavonoids, registering values of 381.31 ± 0.33 mg GAE/g and 201.80 ± 0.21 mg QE/g, respectively. Furthermore, this particular extract demonstrated a remarkable ability to scavenge DPPH radicals, as evidenced by its IC50 value of 0.17 ± 0.67 mg/mL. In addition, the methanolic extract was found to possess antioxidant properties, as evidenced by its ability to prevent β-carotene discoloration, with an IC50 ranging from 0.062 ± 0.02 mg/mL to 0.070 ± 0.06 mg/mL. In vitro study showed that all extracts significantly inhibited the enzymatic activity of α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Finally, molecular docking models were applied to assess the interaction between the primary phytochemicals identified in G. bursa-pastoris extracts and the human pancreatic α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes. The findings suggest that these extracts contain bioactive substances capable of reducing enzyme activity more effectively than the commercially available drug acarbose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safae Ouahabi
- Laboratory of Applied and Environmental Chemistry (LCAE), Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, B.P. 717, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - El Hassania Loukili
- Laboratory of Applied and Environmental Chemistry (LCAE), Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, B.P. 717, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Nour Elhouda Daoudi
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, B.P. 717, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Chebaibi
- Biomedical and Translational Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of the Fez, University of Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez 30000, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Ramdani
- Biochemistry and Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Mohamed First University, B.P. 717, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Ilyesse Rahhou
- Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques (ISPITSO), Oujda 63303, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Bnouham
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, B.P. 717, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Marie-Laure Fauconnier
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Molecules, University of Liège, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech. 2, Passage des Déportés, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Belkheir Hammouti
- Laboratory of Applied and Environmental Chemistry (LCAE), Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, B.P. 717, Oujda 60000, Morocco
- CREHEIO Centre de Recherche de l'Ecole des Hautes Etudes d'Ingénierie, Oujda 60000, Morocco
- Université Euro-Méditerranéenne de Fès, Fez BP 51, Morocco
| | - Larbi Rhazi
- Institut Polytechnique UniLaSalle, Université d'Artois, ULR 7519, UniLaSalle, 19 Rue Pierre Waguet, BP 30313, 60026 Beauvais, France
| | - Alicia Ayerdi Gotor
- Institut Polytechnique UniLaSalle, AGHYLE, UP 2018.C101, UniLaSalle, 19 Rue Pierre Waguet, BP 30313, 60026 Beauvais, France
| | - Flore Dépeint
- Institut Polytechnique UniLaSalle, Université d'Artois, ULR 7519, UniLaSalle, 19 Rue Pierre Waguet, BP 30313, 60026 Beauvais, France
| | - Mohammed Ramdani
- Laboratory of Applied and Environmental Chemistry (LCAE), Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, B.P. 717, Oujda 60000, Morocco
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Naz R, Saqib F, Awadallah S, Wahid M, Latif MF, Iqbal I, Mubarak MS. Food Polyphenols and Type II Diabetes Mellitus: Pharmacology and Mechanisms. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28103996. [PMID: 37241737 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28103996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Type II diabetes mellitus and its related complications are growing public health problems. Many natural products present in our diet, including polyphenols, can be used in treating and managing type II diabetes mellitus and different diseases, owing to their numerous biological properties. Anthocyanins, flavonols, stilbenes, curcuminoids, hesperidin, hesperetin, naringenin, and phenolic acids are common polyphenols found in blueberries, chokeberries, sea-buckthorn, mulberries, turmeric, citrus fruits, and cereals. These compounds exhibit antidiabetic effects through different pathways. Accordingly, this review presents an overview of the most recent developments in using food polyphenols for managing and treating type II diabetes mellitus, along with various mechanisms. In addition, the present work summarizes the literature about the anti-diabetic effect of food polyphenols and evaluates their potential as complementary or alternative medicines to treat type II diabetes mellitus. Results obtained from this survey show that anthocyanins, flavonols, stilbenes, curcuminoids, and phenolic acids can manage diabetes mellitus by protecting pancreatic β-cells against glucose toxicity, promoting β-cell proliferation, reducing β-cell apoptosis, and inhibiting α-glucosidases or α-amylase. In addition, these phenolic compounds exhibit antioxidant anti-inflammatory activities, modulate carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, optimize oxidative stress, reduce insulin resistance, and stimulate the pancreas to secrete insulin. They also activate insulin signaling and inhibit digestive enzymes, regulate intestinal microbiota, improve adipose tissue metabolism, inhibit glucose absorption, and inhibit the formation of advanced glycation end products. However, insufficient data are available on the effective mechanisms necessary to manage diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Naz
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Fatima Saqib
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Samir Awadallah
- Department of Medical Lab Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan
| | - Muqeet Wahid
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Farhaj Latif
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Iram Iqbal
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Pakistan
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Tomou EM, Papakyriakopoulou P, Skaltsa H, Valsami G, Kadoglou NPE. Bio-Actives from Natural Products with Potential Cardioprotective Properties: Isolation, Identification, and Pharmacological Actions of Apigenin, Quercetin, and Silibinin. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052387. [PMID: 36903630 PMCID: PMC10005323 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. As a result, pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical interventions modifying risk factors for CVDs are a top priority of scientific research. Non-pharmaceutical therapeutical approaches, including herbal supplements, have gained growing interest from researchers as part of the therapeutic strategies for primary or secondary prevention of CVDs. Several experimental studies have supported the potential effects of apigenin, quercetin, and silibinin as beneficial supplements in cohorts at risk of CVDs. Accordingly, this comprehensive review focused critically on the cardioprotective effects/mechanisms of the abovementioned three bio-active compounds from natural products. For this purpose, we have included in vitro, preclinical, and clinical studies associated with atherosclerosis and a wide variety of cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, obesity, cardiac injury, and metabolic syndrome). In addition, we attempted to summarize and categorize the laboratory methods for their isolation and identification from plant extracts. This review unveiled many uncertainties which are still unexplored, such as the extrapolation of experimental results to clinical practice, mainly due to the small clinical studies, heterogeneous doses, divergent constituents, and the absence of pharmacodynamic/pharmacokinetic analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina-Michaela Tomou
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15784 Athens, Greece
| | - Paraskevi Papakyriakopoulou
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15784 Athens, Greece
| | - Helen Skaltsa
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15784 Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia Valsami
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15784 Athens, Greece
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Zhao J, Sun Y, Yuan C, Li T, Liang Y, Zou H, Zhang J, Ren L. Quercetin ameliorates hepatic fat accumulation in high-fat diet-induced obese mice via PPARs. Food Funct 2023; 14:1674-1684. [PMID: 36691903 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo03013f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
As a natural pigment in food, quercetin possesses multiple biological activities and plays a crucial role in regulating metabolic syndrome. Herein, we aim to explore the potential mechanism of quercetin to ameliorate hepatic fat accumulation. In vivo experiments showed that quercetin significantly relieved inflammation response by decreasing the serum TNF-α and IL-6 levels and also improved high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis without other organ injuries. Quercetin can effectively reduce lipid aggregation and down-regulate the protein expression of PCK1 in HepG2 cells induced by oleic acid and palmitic acid, indicating that inhibiting gluconeogenesis leads to hepatic fat accumulation reduction. Furthermore, molecular docking results suggested that quercetin can bind to both PPARα and PPARγ, with an even more potent binding affinity than indeglitazar, a pan-agonist of PPARs. In conclusion, quercetin may regulate gluconeogenesis to ameliorate hepatic fat accumulation via targeting PPARα/γ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingqi Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Yantong Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Cuiping Yuan
- Institute of Agro-food Technology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Tiezhu Li
- Institute of Agro-food Technology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Yuan Liang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Haoyang Zou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Li Ren
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
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Quercetin, a Plant Flavonol Attenuates Diabetic Complications, Renal Tissue Damage, Renal Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13010130. [PMID: 36677055 PMCID: PMC9861508 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13010130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic syndrome characterized by increased glucose levels, oxidative stress, hyperlipidemia, and frequently decreased insulin levels. The current research was carried out for eight consecutive weeks to evaluate the possible reno-protective effects of quercetin (50 mg/kg b.w.) on streptozotocin (STZ) (55 mg/kg b.w.) induced diabetes rat models. Various physiological, biochemical, and histopathological parameters were determined in control, diabetic control, and quercetin-treated diabetic rats. The current findings demonstrated that diabetes control rats showed significantly decreased body weights (198 ± 10 vs. 214 ± 13 g) and insulin levels (0.28 ± 0.04 vs. 1.15 ± 0.05 ng/mL) in comparison to normal control. Besides this, the other parameters showed increased values, such as fasting blood glucose, triglyceride (TG), and total cholesterol levels (99 ± 5 vs. 230 ± 7 mg/dL, 122.9 ± 8.7 vs. 230.7 ± 7.2 mg/dL, 97.34 ± 5.7 vs. 146.3 ± 8 mg/dL) (p < 0.05). In addition, the urea and creatinine levels (39.9 ± 1.8 mg/dL and 102.7 ± 7.8 μmol/L) were also high in diabetes control rats. After 8 weeks of quercetin treatment in STZ-treated animals, body weight, insulin, and fasting blood sugar levels were significantly restored (p < 0.05). The inflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β) were significantly increased (52.64 ± 2, 95.64 ± 3, 23.3 ± 1.2 pg/mL) and antioxidant enzymes levels (SOD, GST, CAT, and GSH) were significantly decreased (40.3 ± 3 U/mg, 81.9 ± 10 mU/mg, 14.2 ± 2 U/mg, 19.9 ± 2 μmol/g) in diabetic rats. All the parameters in diabetic animals treated with quercetin were restored towards their normal values. Histopathological findings revealed that the quercetin-treated group showed kidney architecture maintenance, reduction of fibrosis, and decreased expression of COX-2 protein. These results determined that quercetin has reno-protective effects, and conclude that quercetin possesses a strong antidiabetic potential and might act as a therapeutic agent in the prevention or delay of diabetes-associated kidney dysfunction.
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Attenuation of Hyperlipidemia by Medicinal Formulations of Emblica officinalis Synergized with Nanotechnological Approaches. BIOENGINEERING (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:bioengineering10010064. [PMID: 36671636 PMCID: PMC9854976 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10010064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The ayurvedic herb Emblica officinalis (E. officinalis) is a gift to mankind to acquire a healthy lifestyle. It has great therapeutic and nutritional importance. Emblica officinalis, also known as Indian gooseberry or Amla, is a member of the Euphorbiaceae family. Amla is beneficial for treating illnesses in all its forms. The most crucial component is a fruit, which is also the most common. It is used frequently in Indian medicine as a restorative, diuretic, liver tonic, refrigerant, stomachic, laxative, antipyretic, hair tonic, ulcer preventive, and for the common cold and fever. Hyperlipidemia is also known as high cholesterol or an increase in one or more lipid-containing blood proteins. Various phytocompounds, including polyphenols, vitamins, amino acids, fixed oils, and flavonoids, are present in the various parts of E. officinalis. E. officinalis has been linked to a variety of pharmacological effects in earlier studies, including hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, radioprotective, and hyperlipidemic effects. The amla-derived active ingredients and food products nevertheless encounter challenges such as instability and interactions with other food matrices. Considering the issue from this perspective, food component nanoencapsulation is a young and cutting-edge field for controlled and targeted delivery with a range of preventative activities. The nanoformulation of E. officinalis facilitates the release of active components or food ingredients, increased bioaccessibility, enhanced therapeutic activities, and digestion in the human body. Accordingly, the current review provides a summary of the phytoconstituents of E. officinalis, pharmacological actions detailing the plant E. officinalis's traditional uses, and especially hyperlipidemic activity. Correspondingly, the article describes the uses of nanotechnology in amla therapeutics and functional ingredients.
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Enhancement of Digestion Resistance and Glycemic Control of Corn Starch through Conjugation with Gallic Acid and Quercetin Using the Free Radical Grafting Method. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10122610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to synthesize different polyphenol–corn starch complexes including gallic acid–starch and quercetin–starch by conjugating corn starch with gallic acid and quercetin using the free radical grafting method. This process was effective in enhancing conjugations of starch molecules with gallic acid and quercetin (5.20 and 5.83 mg GAE/g, respectively) and imparted promising antioxidant capacity to the phenolic–starch complexes. Significant interactions between these phenolic compounds and corn starch molecules were revealed with an ultraperformance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization Q-time-of-flight mass spectrometry assay. It was revealed that significantly higher levels of resistant starch in the above gallic–starch and quercetin–starch complex samples (11.6 and 15.3 g/100 g, respectively) together with an obvious reduction in glycemic response (7.9% and 11.8%, respectively) observed over the control. Complex samples functionalized with gallic acid and quercetin have exerted modified physicochemical properties, particularly reduction in swelling ability (58.7–60.1%), breakdown viscosity (62.5–67.8%), and setback viscosity (37.7–44.5%). In sum, free radical grafting treatment could be a promising method for imparting corn starch with enhanced resistance to enzyme digestion along with changes in pasting properties for specific food applications.
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Naik J, David M. Phytofabrication of silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles using the fruit extract of Phyllanthus emblica and its potential anti-diabetic and anti-cancer activity. PARTICULATE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/02726351.2022.2141668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jarnain Naik
- Enivronmental Biology and Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Karnatak University, Dharwad, India
| | - M. David
- Enivronmental Biology and Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Karnatak University, Dharwad, India
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Che T, Yang M, Li Z, Hu X. Isolation and identification of sweet substances and sweet aftertaste substances in the fruit of Phyllanthus emblica. Eur Food Res Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-022-04107-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Nutritional Profiling, Phytochemical Composition and Antidiabetic Potential of Taraxacum officinale, an Underutilized Herb. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175380. [PMID: 36080148 PMCID: PMC9457557 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Taraxacum officinale (T. officinale), a wild vegetable with a number of health claims, has been mostly ignored and unexplored. The study aims to compare the nutritional, phytochemical as well as antidiabetic potential of fresh as well as shade-dried leaves of T. officinale, in order to recommend its best form as a dietary antidiabetic product. The results revealed that as compared to fresh leaves, the shade-dried leaves, in addition to possessing higher levels of carbohydrates, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, etc., also contain appreciable amounts of total phenols (5833.12 ± 4.222 mg/100), total flavonoids (188.84 ± 0.019 mg/100 g), ascorbic acid (34.70 ± 0.026 mg/100 g), β-carotene (3.88 ± 1.473 mg/100 g) and total chlorophyll (239.51 ± 0.015 mg/100 g) antioxidants. The study revealed the presence of medicinally important antidiabetic flavonoid quercetin present in T. officinale leaves. Among the three solvent systems used, the aqueous extract of shade-dried T. officinale leaves comparatively demonstrated potent antidiabetic activity under in vitro conditions in a dose-dependent manner via targeting α-amylase and α-glucosidase, the two potent enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism. Therefore, in addition to being a nutritious herb, the shade-dried leaves of T. officinale have great potential to suppress post-prandial glucose rise and can be better exploited through clinical trials to be used as a dietary intervention for better management of diabetes.
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Clinical Evaluation of a Novel Tablet Formulation of Traditional Thai Polyherbal Medicine Named Nawametho in Comparison with Its Decoction in the Treatment of Hyperlipidemia. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:2530266. [PMID: 35966727 PMCID: PMC9365582 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2530266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In the traditional medical system in Thailand, medicinal plants and polyherbal medicines have been prescribed as lipid-lowering agents, including Nawametho decoction. This polyherbal formulation is described in the Worayokasan scripture. It consists of nine medicinal plants (Aegle marmelos (L.), Carthamus tinctorius L., Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn., Phyllanthus emblica L., Piper longum L., Piper nigrum L., Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb., Terminalia chebula Retz., and Zingiber officinale Roscoe). Apart from its utilization in Thai traditional medicine, there is a lack of evidence supporting its use. This research work thereby aims to formulate and evaluate the tablet containing Nawametho decoction. The feasibility of Nawametho decoction and NawaTab for patients with borderline hyperlipidemia was additionally examined using a prospective, open-label, randomized, parallel-group design. The dry granulation technique was employed to formulate the polyherbal tablets. The tablets were developed using the spray-dried Nawametho decoction as the active ingredient in addition to other excipients. The chosen formulation, the FB (NawaTab), consisted of 385 milligrams of the extract, 12% w/w of a diluent (lactose), 8% w/w of a lubricant (magnesium stearate), 5% w/w of a disintegrant (microcrystalline cellulose), and 5% w/w of an anti-adherent (talcum). Their hardness, friability, and disintegration time were 4.4 ± 0.32 kg, 0.05 ± 0.02%, and 4.60 ± 0.05 min, respectively. Accelerated stability study results revealed that NawaTab was stable for six months at 40°C/75% RH and 25°C/60% RH. Even though taking NawaTabs (500 mg twice daily) for eight consecutive weeks was unable to improve the lipid profile of the patients, the administration of Nawametho decoction (30 mL twice daily) was associated with a significant decrease in serum triglycerides of the patients. The results show that the dry granulation technique is suitable for the formulation of NawaTab based on the tablet evaluation. Furthermore, the triglyceride-lowering effect of Nawametho decoction was reported for the first time.
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Ansari P, Choudhury ST, Seidel V, Rahman AB, Aziz MA, Richi AE, Rahman A, Jafrin UH, Hannan JMA, Abdel-Wahab YHA. Therapeutic Potential of Quercetin in the Management of Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12081146. [PMID: 36013325 PMCID: PMC9409999 DOI: 10.3390/life12081146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder that is spreading alarmingly around the globe. Type-2 DM (T2DM) is characterized by low-grade inflammation and insulin resistance and is closely linked to obesity. T2DM is mainly controlled by lifestyle/dietary changes and oral antidiabetic drugs but requires insulin in severe cases. Many of the drugs that are currently used to treat DM are costly and present adverse side effects. Several cellular, animal, and clinical studies have provided compelling evidence that flavonoids have therapeutic potential in the management of diabetes and its complications. Quercetin is a flavonoid, present in various natural sources, which has demonstrated in vitro and in vivo antidiabetic properties. It improves oral glucose tolerance, as well as pancreatic β-cell function to secrete insulin. It inhibits the α-glucosidase and DPP-IV enzymes, which prolong the half-life of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP). Quercetin also suppresses the release of pro-inflammatory markers such as IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, and TNF-α. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the mode(s) of action of quercetin at the molecular level. This review demonstrates the therapeutic potential of quercetin in the management of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prawej Ansari
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy and Public Health, Independent University, Bangladesh (IUB), Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh; (A.B.R.); (M.A.A.); (A.E.R.); (A.R.); (U.H.J.); (J.M.A.H.)
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +880-132-387-9720
| | - Samara T. Choudhury
- Department of Public Health, School of Pharmacy and Public Health, Independent University, Bangladesh (IUB), Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh;
| | - Veronique Seidel
- Natural Products Research Laboratory, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK;
| | - Akib Bin Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy and Public Health, Independent University, Bangladesh (IUB), Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh; (A.B.R.); (M.A.A.); (A.E.R.); (A.R.); (U.H.J.); (J.M.A.H.)
| | - Md. Abdul Aziz
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy and Public Health, Independent University, Bangladesh (IUB), Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh; (A.B.R.); (M.A.A.); (A.E.R.); (A.R.); (U.H.J.); (J.M.A.H.)
| | - Anika E. Richi
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy and Public Health, Independent University, Bangladesh (IUB), Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh; (A.B.R.); (M.A.A.); (A.E.R.); (A.R.); (U.H.J.); (J.M.A.H.)
| | - Ayesha Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy and Public Health, Independent University, Bangladesh (IUB), Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh; (A.B.R.); (M.A.A.); (A.E.R.); (A.R.); (U.H.J.); (J.M.A.H.)
| | - Umme H. Jafrin
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy and Public Health, Independent University, Bangladesh (IUB), Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh; (A.B.R.); (M.A.A.); (A.E.R.); (A.R.); (U.H.J.); (J.M.A.H.)
| | - J. M. A. Hannan
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy and Public Health, Independent University, Bangladesh (IUB), Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh; (A.B.R.); (M.A.A.); (A.E.R.); (A.R.); (U.H.J.); (J.M.A.H.)
- Department of Public Health, School of Pharmacy and Public Health, Independent University, Bangladesh (IUB), Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh;
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Uncovering of Anti-dengue Molecules from Plants Prescribed for Dengue: A Computational Investigation. CHEMISTRY AFRICA 2022. [PMCID: PMC9281232 DOI: 10.1007/s42250-022-00421-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Dengue fever is a tropical disease spread worldwide, transmitted by the mosquito Aedes aegypti. It affects 100 million people worldwide every year and half a million cases of dengue hemorrhagic fever are registered. At present, it poses sever health burden as combined infections of COVID-19. Currently, as a combined infection with COVID-19, it is becoming a serious health burden. To identify the active molecule, Maestro V12.7 was used with different tools including LigPrep, Grid Generation, SiteMap, Glide XP Docking, Pharmachophores and MM-GBSA. The UNRESS tool was also used to assess the protein stability with this dengue protein. The docking result showed that all examined phytocomponents except berberine and -(+)-l-alliin had good docking scores of -8.577 (azadirachtin), -8.112 (curcumin), -7.348 (apigenin) and -6.028 (andrographolide). However, berberine and -(+)-l-alliin possessed good hydrogen-bonding interactions with RdRp. In addition, molecular dynamic simulations demonstrate that the complex of azadirachtin and dengue protein has a solid understanding of the precise interactions. As per the research results, the present research suggests that this is the first statement of azadirachtin against NS5 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase domain (RdRp), despite extensive research on this molecule in previous investigations. Furthermore, we anticipate that molecules such as curcumin, apigenin, and andrographolide would show beneficial effects while in vitro and in vivo studies are conducted on virally related objects. Since we performed ADMET and pharmacokinetic properties in this research, we feel that the phytochemicals of the screened anti-dengue molecules may not need to be evaluated for toxicological effects.
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Phytochemical Analysis and Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Activities of Extracts from Bergenia ciliata, Mimosa pudica, and Phyllanthus emblica. Adv Pharmacol Pharm Sci 2022; 2022:4929824. [PMID: 35845257 PMCID: PMC9283070 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4929824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a metabolic disorder of high blood sugar levels which leads to various chronic health-related complications. The digestive enzymes α-amylase and α-glucosidase play a major role in the hydrolysis of starch to glucose; hence, inhibiting these enzymes is considered an important strategy for the treatment of diabetes. Medicinal plants such as Bergenia ciliata, Mimosa pudica, and Phyllanthus emblica are commonly used in traditional remedies due to their numerous health benefits. This study aimed to determine the phytochemicals as well as TPC and TFC contents in these plant extracts along with their antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase and α-amylase. The ethyl acetate extracts of selected plants have shown higher TPC and TFC contents. The aqueous extract of B. ciliata (IC50: 16.99 ± 2.56 μg/mL) and ethyl acetate extract of P. emblica (IC50: 11.98 ± 0.36 μg/mL) and M. pudica (IC50: 21.39 ± 3.76 μg/mL) showed effective antioxidant activities. Furthermore, ethyl acetate extract of B. ciliata showed significant inhibitory activity against α-amylase and α-glucosidase with IC50 values of 38.50 ± 1.32 μg/mL and 3.41 ± 0.04 μg/mL, respectively. Thus, secondary metabolites of these medicinal plants can be repurposed as effective inhibitors of digestive enzymes.
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Kalaimathi K, Rani JMJ, Vijayakumar S, Prakash N, Karthikeyan K, Thiyagarajan G, Bhavani K, Prabhu S, Varatharaju G. Anti-dengue Potential of Mangiferin: Intricate Network of Dengue to Human Genes. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA 2022; 32:410-420. [PMID: 35572718 PMCID: PMC9078210 DOI: 10.1007/s43450-022-00258-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dengue fever has become one of the deadliest infectious diseases and requires the development of effective antiviral therapies. It is caused by members of the Flaviviridae family, which also cause various infections in humans, including dengue fever, tick-borne encephalitis, West Nile fever, and yellow fever. In addition, since 2019, dengue-endemic regions have been grappling with the public health and socio-economic impact of the ongoing coronavirus disease 19. Co-infections of coronavirus and dengue fever cause serious health complications for people who also have difficulty managing them. To identify the potentials of mangiferin, a molecular docking with various dengue virus proteins was performed. In addition, to understand the gene interactions between human and dengue genes, Cytoscape was used in this research. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes software was used to find the paths of Flaviviridae. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and the Reactome Pathway Library were used to understand the biochemical processes involved. The present results show that mangiferin shows efficient docking scores and that it has good binding affinities with all docked proteins. The exact biological functions of type I interferon, such as interferon-α and interferon-β, were also shown in detail through the enrichment analysis of the signaling pathway. According to the docking results, it was concluded that mangiferin could be an effective drug against the complications of dengue virus 1, dengue virus 3, and non-structural protein 5. In addition, computational biological studies lead to the discovery of a new antiviral bioactive molecule and also to a deeper understanding of viral replication in the human body. Ultimately, the current research will be an important resource for those looking to use mangiferin as an anti-dengue drug.
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Piccialli I, Tedeschi V, Caputo L, D’Errico S, Ciccone R, De Feo V, Secondo A, Pannaccione A. Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Phytochemicals in Alzheimer’s Disease: Focus on Polyphenols and Monoterpenes. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:876614. [PMID: 35600880 PMCID: PMC9114803 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.876614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a chronic, complex neurodegenerative disorder mainly characterized by the irreversible loss of memory and cognitive functions. Different hypotheses have been proposed thus far to explain the etiology of this devastating disorder, including those centered on the Amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide aggregation, Tau hyperphosphorylation, neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. Nonetheless, the therapeutic strategies conceived thus far to treat AD neurodegeneration have proven unsuccessful, probably due to the use of single-target drugs unable to arrest the progressive deterioration of brain functions. For this reason, the theoretical description of the AD etiology has recently switched from over-emphasizing a single deleterious process to considering AD neurodegeneration as the result of different pathogenic mechanisms and their interplay. Moreover, much relevance has recently been conferred to several comorbidities inducing insulin resistance and brain energy hypometabolism, including diabetes and obesity. As consequence, much interest is currently accorded in AD treatment to a multi-target approach interfering with different pathways at the same time, and to life-style interventions aimed at preventing the modifiable risk-factors strictly associated with aging. In this context, phytochemical compounds are emerging as an enormous source to draw on in the search for multi-target agents completing or assisting the traditional pharmacological medicine. Intriguingly, many plant-derived compounds have proven their efficacy in counteracting several pathogenic processes such as the Aβ aggregation, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and insulin resistance. Many strategies have also been conceived to overcome the limitations of some promising phytochemicals related to their poor pharmacokinetic profiles, including nanotechnology and synthetic routes. Considering the emerging therapeutic potential of natural medicine, the aim of the present review is therefore to highlight the most promising phytochemical compounds belonging to two major classes, polyphenols and monoterpenes, and to report the main findings about their mechanisms of action relating to the AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Piccialli
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Dentistry Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Valentina Tedeschi
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Dentistry Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia Caputo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Stefano D’Errico
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Roselia Ciccone
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Dentistry Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo De Feo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Agnese Secondo
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Dentistry Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Pannaccione
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Dentistry Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
- *Correspondence: Anna Pannaccione,
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Keranmu A, Pan LB, Yu H, Fu J, Liu YF, Amuti S, Han P, Ma SR, Xu H, Zhang ZW, Chen D, Yang FY, Wang MS, Wang Y, Xing NZ, Jiang JD. The potential biological effects of quercetin based on pharmacokinetics and multi-targeted mechanism in vivo. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2022; 24:403-431. [PMID: 35282731 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2022.2045965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Quercetin is a plant-derived polyphenol flavonoid that has been proven to be effective for many diseases. However, the mechanism and in vivo metabolism of quercetin remains to be clarified. It achieves a wide range of biological effects through various metabolites, gut microbiota and its metabolites, systemic mediators produced by inflammation and oxidation, as well as by multiple mechanisms. The all-round disease treatment of quercetin is achieved through the organic combination of multiple channels. Therefore, this article clarifies the metabolic process of quercetin in the body, and explores the new pattern of action of quercetin in the treatment of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adili Keranmu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Urology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Li-Bin Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jie Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yi-Fang Liu
- Department of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai Clinical Research Center of Tuberculosis, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Siyiti Amuti
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi 830011, China
| | - Pei Han
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Shu-Rong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zheng-Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Dong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Urology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Fei-Ya Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Urology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Ming-Shuai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Urology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Nian-Zeng Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Urology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Jian-Dong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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26
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Pratiwi G, Ramadhiani AR, Shiyan S. Understanding the combination of fractional factorial design and chemometrics analysis for screening super-saturable quercetin-self nano emulsifying components. PHARMACIA 2022. [DOI: 10.3897/pharmacia.69.e80594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Quercetin is formulated in a super saturable - self-nano emulsifying (SS-SNE) to increase its stability and bioavailability. This study focuses on the screening design for SS-SNE components with a fractional factorial design (FrFD) approach and chemometric analysis. The FrFD method was chosen because it provides comprehensive benefits. The oil components used are canola and grape seed oil. Croduret 50-SS was selected as a surfactant and PEG 400 as a co-surfactant. The interaction of SNE components was evaluated using FTIR-ATR instrumentation. SNE droplet morphology was observed using a transmission electron microscope (TEM). The selected formulas were grape seed oil as oil phase at 19.6%, croduret at 60%, and PEG 400 as co-surfactant with a concentration of 16.6%. The selected formula has a droplet size of 133.27 nm, PDI of 0.181, the zeta potential of 17.00 mV, electrophoretic mobility of 1.332 µmcm/Vs, emulsification time of 10.05 seconds, a viscosity of 370.147 mPa.s, and a drug load of 31.70 mg/mL. The components of grape seed oil, croduret, and PEG 400 resulted in a quercetin carrier SNE formula that met the criteria. FrFD design and chemometric analysis in the screening process can help determine the selected formula very effectively and efficiently.
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Prabhu S, Vijayakumar S, Praseetha P. Cyanobacterial metabolites as novel drug candidates in corona viral therapies: A review. Chronic Dis Transl Med 2022; 8:172-183. [PMID: 35572950 PMCID: PMC9086949 DOI: 10.1002/cdt3.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Most of the medical and nonmedical research labs, all around the world, are racing against time to produce an effective vaccine or an antiviral medicine for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). Conventional medicines and novel nano‐materials including chemical and herbal‐based compounds are all into positive trials toward coronaviruses and other pandemic infections. Among them, natural immune boosters have attracted physicians because of their longevity and reliability for fewer side effects. This is a review article with a detailed picture of an unexplored antiviral source with maximum potency in curing viral infections. Cyanobacteriae have been known for centuries and are rich in secondary metabolites of proteins, biopeptides, and polysaccharides for prominent antiviral action against chest infections. But detailed exploratory research is required to purify, scale‐up, and commercialize the pharmacologically active agents from these drug reserves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasan Prabhu
- Department of Botany Annai Vailankanni Arts and Science College Thanjavur Tamil Nadu India
- Department of Botany A.V.V.M Sri Pushpam College, Poondi (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University) Thanjavur Tamil Nadu India
| | - Subramaniyan Vijayakumar
- Department of Botany A.V.V.M Sri Pushpam College, Poondi (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University) Thanjavur Tamil Nadu India
| | - Pabakaran Praseetha
- Department of Nanotechnology Noorul Islam Centre for Higher Education Kumaracoil Tamil Nadu India
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Khalid Muzaffar, Sofi SA, Makroo HA, Darakshan Majid, Dar BN. Insight about the biochemical composition, postharvest processing, therapeutic potential of Indian gooseberry (amla), and its utilization in development of functional foods-A comprehensive review. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14132. [PMID: 35342961 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Indian gooseberry/Amla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn. syn. Phyllanthus emblica L) has an amazing nutritional profile and is a reservoir of biologically active compounds which have potential health benefits and are regarded as a remedy for lethal diseases. The unique features of amla, conferred by their bioactive components, have extended future prospects about their usage for useful effects on human nutrition and health globally. With the rapidly growing popularity of this unique therapeutic fruit, it is important to have comprehensive knowledge of this fruit. The current review article presents the nutritional profile, bioactive components, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, and postharvest processing of amla fruit. Moreover, studies related to therapeutic properties of amla and its utilization in development of functional foods have been presented in this review. E. officinalis is a promising source of bioactive compounds which showed varied potential in the management of a number of human ailments which has been proven through various studies. Therefore, amla should be taken in the regular diet, thereby utilizing its potential health benefits. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Amla (Indian gooseberry), as source of natural bioactive compounds, has a great potential application in improving the status of human nutrition and health. The utilization of amla extract has various biological effects, like antimicrobial, antioxidant, gastroprotective, anticancer, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, radioprotective, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, neuroprotective, and immunomodulatory effect, owing to its bioactive components. The use of amla extract has recently increased in food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic products to replace synthetic antioxidants which have inherent harmful health effects. The review report will provide information on bioactive components, therapeutic properties, utilization of amla in the development of future functional foods, and postharvest processing of amla, which will provide critical information to researchers all over the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Muzaffar
- Department of Food Technology, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, India
| | - Sajad Ahmad Sofi
- Department of Food Technology, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, India
| | - Hilal Ahmad Makroo
- Department of Food Technology, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, India
| | - Darakshan Majid
- Department of Food Technology, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, India
| | - B N Dar
- Department of Food Technology, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, India
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Khutami C, Sumiwi SA, Khairul Ikram NK, Muchtaridi M. The Effects of Antioxidants from Natural Products on Obesity, Dyslipidemia, Diabetes and Their Molecular Signaling Mechanism. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042056. [PMID: 35216172 PMCID: PMC8875143 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a risk factor that leads to the development of other diseases such as dyslipidemia and diabetes. These three metabolic disorders can occur simultaneously, hence, the treatment requires many drugs. Antioxidant compounds have been reported to have activities against obesity, dyslipidemia and diabetes via several mechanisms. This review aims to discuss the antioxidant compounds that have activity against obesity, dyslipidemia and diabetes together with their molecular signaling mechanism. The literature discussed in this review was obtained from the PUBMED database. Based on the collection of literature obtained, antioxidant compounds having activity against the three disorders (obesity, dyslipidemia and diabetes) were identified. The activity is supported by various molecular signaling pathways that are influenced by these antioxidant compounds, further study of which would be useful in predicting drug targets for a more optimal effect. This review provides insights on utilizing one of these antioxidant compounds as opposed to several drugs. It is hoped that in the future, the number of drugs in treating obesity, dyslipidemia and diabetes altogether can be minimized consequently reducing the risk of side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chindiana Khutami
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang KM 21, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia; (C.K.); (S.A.S.)
| | - Sri Adi Sumiwi
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang KM 21, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia; (C.K.); (S.A.S.)
| | - Nur Kusaira Khairul Ikram
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Muchtaridi Muchtaridi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang KM 21, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
- Correspondence:
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Rani JMJ, Kalaimathi K, Vijayakumar S, Varatharaju G, Karthikeyan K, Thiyagarajan G, Bhavani K, Manogar P, Prabhu S. Anti-viral effectuality of plant polyphenols against mutated dengue protein NS2B47-NS3: A computational exploration. GENE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2022.101546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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31
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Vo Van L, Pham EC, Nguyen CV, Duong NTN, Vi Le Thi T, Truong TN. In vitro and in vivo antidiabetic activity, isolation of flavonoids, and in silico molecular docking of stem extract of Merremia tridentata (L.). Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 146:112611. [PMID: 35062075 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The antidiabetic activity of stem-ethanol extract (SE) and the flavonoid-rich fraction (FF) of Merremia tridentata (L.) were investigated on alloxan-induced diabetic mice. Apigenin, cosmosiin, and quercitrin are flavonoids isolated for the first time from stem extracts. In addition, cynaroside was found to be at the highest level in SE and FF with a percentage of 4.375% and 58.430%, respectively. The administration of SE (100 mg/kg) and FF (50, 75 mg/kg) daily for 20 days resulted in a better hypoglycemic effect than the reference drugs, glibenclamide (5 mg/kg), and metformin (10 mg/kg). Furthermore, SE and FF were shown to significantly improve the plasma lipid profiles at the end of the study. Docking's study suggests that cynaroside, cosmosiin, and quercitrin are the most desirable compounds for hypoglycemic effects in many antidiabetic targets. Especially, SE and FF showed strongly α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities (IC50 = 1.61-1.72 mg/mL on α-amylase and IC50 = 0.24-0.44 mg/mL on α-glucosidase). Therefore, SE and FF of Merremia tridentata is a potential drug with antidiabetic and hypoglycemic action as indicated by in vivo, in silico, and in vitro studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenh Vo Van
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Lac Hong University, 810000 Dong Nai Province, Viet Nam
| | - Em Canh Pham
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hong Bang International University, 700000 Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
| | - Cuong Viet Nguyen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Lac Hong University, 810000 Dong Nai Province, Viet Nam
| | | | - Tuong Vi Le Thi
- Department of Pharmacology - Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, City Children's Hospital, 700000 Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Tuyen Ngoc Truong
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700000 Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
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Fabrication and evaluation of nanoencapsulated quercetin for wound healing application. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-022-04094-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Saini R, Sharma N, Oladeji OS, Sourirajan A, Dev K, Zengin G, El-Shazly M, Kumar V. Traditional uses, bioactive composition, pharmacology, and toxicology of Phyllanthus emblica fruits: A comprehensive review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 282:114570. [PMID: 34480995 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The fruits of Phyllanthus emblica Linn or Emblica officinalis Gaertn (Phyllanthaceae), (FPE) commonly known as Indian gooseberry or Amla, gained immense importance in indigenous traditional medicinal systems, including Ayurveda, for its medicinal and nutritional benefits. It is used to cure several diseases such as common cold, fever, cough, asthma, bronchitis, diabetes, cephalalgia, ophthalmopathy, dyspepsia, colic, flatulence, hyperacidity, peptic ulcer, erysipelas, skin diseases, leprosy, hematogenesis, inflammation, anemia, emaciation, hepatopathy, jaundice, diarrhea, dysentery, hemorrhages, leucorrhea, menorrhagia, cardiac disorders, and premature greying of hair. AIM OF THE STUDY In the present review, we presented a comprehensive analysis of the ethnopharmacology, bioactive composition, and toxicity of P. emblica to identify the gap between research and the current applications and to help explore the trends and perspectives for future studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS We collected the literature published before April 2021 on the phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicity of FPE. Literature in English from scientific databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, Wiley, Springer, and Google Scholar, books. These reports were analyzed and summarized to prepare this review. The plant taxonomy was verified by "The Plant List" database (http://www.theplantlist.org). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION s: FPE have been used as a rich source of vitamin C, minerals, and amino acids. Several bioactive molecules were isolated and identified from FPE such as tannins, flavonoids, saponins, terpenoids, alkaloids, ascorbic acid etc. The in vitro and in vivo pharmacological studies on FPE revealed its antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anticancer, radioprotective, hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory, hypolipidemic, anti-venom, wound healing, HIV-reverse transcriptase effect. Toxicological studies on fruits indicated the absence of any adverse effect even at a high dose after oral administration. CONCLUSIONS Although FPE showed remarkable therapeutic activities against several diseases such as diabetes, cancer, inflammation, hepatitis B virus, and malaria, there were several drawbacks in some previous reports including the lack of information on the drug dose, standards, controls, and mechanism of action of the extract. Further in-depth studies are required to explain the mechanism of action of the extracts to reveal the role of the bioactive compounds in the reported activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakshandha Saini
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Post Box No. 9, Head Post Office, Solan, H.P., India
| | - Nitin Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Chandigarh Group of Colleges, Landran, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Oluwole Solomon Oladeji
- Department of Physical Sciences, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, Landmark University, PMB 1001, Km 4, Ipetu Road, Omu-Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - Anuradha Sourirajan
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Post Box No. 9, Head Post Office, Solan, H.P., India
| | - Kamal Dev
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Post Box No. 9, Head Post Office, Solan, H.P., India
| | - Gökhan Zengin
- Selcuk University, Science Faculty, Department of Biology, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mohamed El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, 11835, Egypt.
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Post Box No. 9, Head Post Office, Solan, H.P., India.
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Wu T, Liu X, Sun Z, Xing S, Han L, Li X, Pan X, Chen J, Zhou M, Derkach T, K. Bielicki J. Fruit of <i>Phyllanthus emblica</i> L. suppresses macrophage foam-cell genesis and vascular lipid deposition using in vivo and <i>in vitro</i> models of early atherosclerosis development. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.fstr-d-22-00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)
| | - Zeyuan Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)
| | - Shu Xing
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)
| | - Liwen Han
- School of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences, Shandong first medical university & Shandong academy of medical sciences
| | - Xiaobin Li
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)
| | - Xuefang Pan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)
| | - Jianbin Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)
| | - Mingyang Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)
| | | | - John K. Bielicki
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)
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Wang H, Jiang W, Hu Y, Wan Z, Bai H, Yang Q, Zheng Q. Quercetin improves atrial fibrillation through inhibiting TGF-β/Smads pathway via promoting MiR-135b expression. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 93:153774. [PMID: 34656066 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the role and mechanism of quercetin in isoprenaline (ISO)-induced atrial fibrillation (AF). STUDY DESIGN Rat cardiac fibroblasts (RCFs) models and RCFs were used to explore the effect and underlying mechanism of quercetin in isoprenaline (ISO)-induced atrial fibrillation (AF) in vivo and in vitro by a series of experiments. METHODS Differentially expressed microRNAs were screened from human AF tissues using the GEO2R and RT-qPCR. The expressions of TGF-β/Smads pathway molecules (TGFβ1, TGFBR1, Tgfbr1, Tgfbr2, Smad2, Smad3, Smad4) in AF tissues were detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot. The relationships between miR-135b and genes (Tgfbr1, Tgfbr2, Smad2) were analyzed by Pearson correlation, TargetScan and dual-luciferase activity assay. RCFs induced by ISO were treated with quercetin (20 or 50 μM), miR-135b mimic and inhibitor, siTgfbr1 and their corresponding controls, then the cell viability was determined by MTT and the expressions of cyclin D1, α-SMA, collagen-related molecules, TGF-β/Smads pathway molecules, and miR-135b were measured by RT-qPCR and Western blot. ISO-induced rats were treated with quercetin (25 mg/kg/day) via gavage, miR-135b antagomir, agomir and their corresponding controls. The treated rats were used for the detection of miR-135b expression by RT-qPCR, histopathological observation by HE and Masson staining, and the detection of Col1A1 and fibronectin contents by immunohistochemical technique. RESULTS The expression of miR-135b was downregulated, and those of TGFBR1, TGFBR2, target genes of miR-135b were upregulated in human AF tissues and negatively regulated by miR-135b in RCFs. Through inhibiting TGF-β/Smads pathway via promoting miR-135b expression, quercetin treatment inhibited proliferation, myofibroblast differentiation and collagen deposition in ISO-treated RCFs, as evidenced by reduced expressions of cyclin D1, α-SMA, collagen-related genes and proteins, and alleviated fibrosis and collagen deposition of atrial tissues in ISO-treated rats. CONCLUSION Quercetin may alleviate AF by inhibiting fibrosis of atrial tissues through inhibiting TGF-β/Smads pathway via promoting miR-135b expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong University, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong University, China
| | - Yanchao Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong University, China
| | - Zhaofei Wan
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong University, China
| | - Hongyuan Bai
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong University, China
| | - Qiang Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong University, China
| | - Qiangsun Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong University, China.
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M V, Wang K. Dietary natural products as a potential inhibitor towards advanced glycation end products and hyperglycemic complications: A phytotherapy approaches. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112336. [PMID: 34678719 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products exist in various natural foods such as plants, herbs, fruits, and vegetables. Furthermore, marine life offers potential natural products with significant biological activity. The biochemical reaction is known as advanced glycation end products (AGEs) occurs in the human body. On the other hand, foods are capable of a wide range of processing conditions resulting in the generation of exogenous AGEs adducts. Protein glycation and the formation of advanced glycation end products both contribute to the pathogenesis of hyperglycemic complications. AGEs also play a pivotal role in microvascular and macrovascular complications progression by receptors for advanced glycation end products (RAGE). RAGE activate by AGEs leads to up-regulation of transcriptional factor NF-kB and inflammatory genes. Around the globe, researchers are working in various approaches for therapeutical implications on controlling AGEs mediated disease complications. In this regard, one of the potential promising agents observed with a wide range of AGEs inhibition by food-derived natural products. Current biotechnological tools have been turned to natural products or phytochemicals to manufacture the molecules without compromising their functionality. Metabolic engineering and bioinformatics perspectives have recently enabled the generation of a few potent metabolites with anti-diabetic activity. As the primary focus, this review article will also discuss multidisciplinary approaches that emphasize current advances in anti-diabetic therapeutic action and future perspectives of natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijaykrishnaraj M
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China.
| | - Kuiwu Wang
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China.
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Roshanravan N, Askari SF, Fazelian S, Ayati MH, Namazi N. The roles of quercetin in diabetes mellitus and related metabolic disorders; special focus on the modulation of gut microbiota: A comprehensive review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-14. [PMID: 34620011 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1983765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Quercetin is a dietary flavonoid that can affect the balance between anti-oxidant defense system and oxidative stress. A number of studies showed the positive effects of quercetin on diabetes mellitus and related metabolic disorders through different pathways such as gut flora. However, findings are conflicting. In addition, it seems no studies have summarized all potential mechanisms of quercetin in diabetes mellitus, so far. Therefore, the aims of the present comprehensive review were to provide an overview on biological and biochemical characteristics of quercetin and investigate the effect of quercetin on diabetes mellitus and related metabolic disorders by focusing on its effects on the modulation of gut microbiota. For this purpose, findings of In vitro, animal studies, clinical trials, and review studies with the English language published until January 2021 were summarized. They were identified through electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library) and Google Scholar. Findings showed that quercetin can be an effective component for improving glycemic status and other metabolic disorders related to diabetes mellitus based on In vitro and animal studies. However, environmental factors, food processing and using nanoformulations can affect its efficacy in human studies. Several potential mechanisms, including the modulation of gut flora are proposed for its actions. However, due to limited clinical trials and contradictory findings, more high-quality clinical trials are needed to make a decision on the efficacy of supplementation with quercetin as a complementary therapy for the management of diabetes mellitus, metabolic disorders, and modulating gut flora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Roshanravan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sayyedeh Fatemeh Askari
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.,Department of Phytopharmaceuticals (Traditional Pharmacy), School of Pharmacy, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Siavash Fazelian
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Ayatollah Kashani Hospital, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Ayati
- School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazli Namazi
- Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Gold Nanoparticles Prepared with Phyllanthus emblica Fruit Extract and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Can Induce Apoptosis via Mitochondrial Impairment with Inhibition of Autophagy in the Human Gastric Carcinoma Cell Line AGS. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11051260. [PMID: 34064899 PMCID: PMC8150816 DOI: 10.3390/nano11051260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: Nanotechnology is being widely applied for anticancer strategies with few side effects. Nanoparticles (NPs) prepared from natural extracts are promising candidates for cancer treatment because of their unique physicochemical characteristics. This study aimed to prepare gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) from Phyllanthus emblica fruit extract (PEFE) using Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (B. lactis) and to evaluate their anticancer activity against the human gastric adenocarcinoma cell-line (AGS). (2) Methods: The safety of microbial biosynthesis AuNPs (PEFE-AuNPs) was assessed by evaluating the cytotoxicity. The anticancer activity of PEFE-AuNPs was investigated in AGS cells in terms of apoptosis and autophagy. (3) Results: PEFE-AuNPs exhibited significant cytotoxicity against AGS cells but not against normal cells. The apoptosis induced by PEFE-AuNPs in AGS cells was associated with PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1)-Parkin mediated reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential and activation of intracellular signaling apoptosis pathways. The anticancer activity of PEFE-AuNPs was associated with induction of apoptosis through inhibition of autophagy, downregulation of LC3-II/LC3-I and Beclin-1 expression, and upregulation of p62 expression in AGS cells. (4) Conclusions: This study is the first to demonstrate the anticancer activity of PEFE-AuNPs against AGS cells. Our results provide a good starting point for the development of new anticancer products based on gold nanoparticles of P. emblica fruit extract.
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Gonçalves GFB, Silva MEM, Sampaio FJB, Pereira-Sampaio MA, de Souza DB. Quercetin as a nephroprotector after warm ischemia: histomorphometric evaluation in a rodent model. Int Braz J Urol 2021; 47:796-802. [PMID: 33848072 PMCID: PMC8321496 DOI: 10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2020.0358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To quantitatively evaluate the possible long-term protective effects of quercetin during renal warm ischemia. Materials and Methods: Male rats were allocated into 4 groups: sham (S), sham quercetin (SQ), ischemia (I), and ischemia quercetin (IQ). Groups SQ and IQ received quercetin (50mg/kg) before and after surgery. Groups I and IQ had their left renal vessels clamped for 60 minutes. All animals were euthanized four weeks after the procedure, and serum urea and creatinine levels were measured. Renal weight and volume, cortex-non-cortex area ratio (C-NC), cortical volume (CV), glomerular volumetric density (Vv[glom]), volume-weighted glomerular volume (VWGV) and number of glomeruli per kidney (N[glom]) were evaluated by stereological methods. Results were considered statistically significant when p <0.05. Results: Serum urea levels in group I increased by 10.4% in relation to group S, but no differences were observed among the other groups. The C-NC of group I was lower than those of all other groups, and group IQ had similar results to sham groups. The Vv[glom] and N[glom] of group I were lower than those of group S (33.7% and 28.3%, respectively) and group IQ had no significant difference compared to the S group. Conclusions: Quercetin was effective as a nephroprotective agent in preventing the glomerular loss observed when the kidney was subjected to warm ischemia. This suggests that this flavonoid may be used preventively in kidney surgery, when warm ischemia is necessary, such as partial nephrectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela F Buys Gonçalves
- Unidade de Pesquisa Urogenital, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Maria Eduarda M Silva
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Fundação Educacional Serra dos Órgãos, Teresópolis, RJ, Brasil
| | - Francisco J B Sampaio
- Unidade de Pesquisa Urogenital, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Marco A Pereira-Sampaio
- Unidade de Pesquisa Urogenital, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.,Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense - UFF, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | - Diogo Benchimol de Souza
- Unidade de Pesquisa Urogenital, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
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Talib WH, Mahmod AI, Abuarab SF, Hasen E, Munaim AA, Haif SK, Ayyash AM, Khater S, AL-Yasari IH, Kury LTA. Diabetes and Cancer: Metabolic Association, Therapeutic Challenges, and the Role of Natural Products. Molecules 2021; 26:2179. [PMID: 33920079 PMCID: PMC8070467 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is considered the second leading cause of death worldwide and in 2018 it was responsible for approximately 9.6 million deaths. Globally, about one in six deaths are caused by cancer. A strong correlation was found between diabetes mellitus and carcinogenesis with the most evident correlation was with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Research has proven that elevated blood glucose levels take part in cell proliferation and cancer cell progression. However, limited studies were conducted to evaluate the efficiency of conventional therapies in diabetic cancer patients. In this review, the correlation between cancer and diabetes will be discussed and the mechanisms by which the two diseases interact with each other, as well as the therapeutics challenges in treating patients with diabetes and cancer with possible solutions to overcome these challenges. Natural products targeting both diseases were discussed with detailed mechanisms of action. This review will provide a solid base for researchers and physicians to test natural products as adjuvant alternative therapies to treat cancer in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wamidh H. Talib
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931-166, Jordan; (A.I.M.); (S.F.A.); (E.H.); (A.A.M.); (S.K.H.); (A.M.A.); (S.K.)
| | - Asma Ismail Mahmod
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931-166, Jordan; (A.I.M.); (S.F.A.); (E.H.); (A.A.M.); (S.K.H.); (A.M.A.); (S.K.)
| | - Sara Feras. Abuarab
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931-166, Jordan; (A.I.M.); (S.F.A.); (E.H.); (A.A.M.); (S.K.H.); (A.M.A.); (S.K.)
| | - Eliza Hasen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931-166, Jordan; (A.I.M.); (S.F.A.); (E.H.); (A.A.M.); (S.K.H.); (A.M.A.); (S.K.)
| | - Amer A. Munaim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931-166, Jordan; (A.I.M.); (S.F.A.); (E.H.); (A.A.M.); (S.K.H.); (A.M.A.); (S.K.)
| | - Shatha Khaled Haif
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931-166, Jordan; (A.I.M.); (S.F.A.); (E.H.); (A.A.M.); (S.K.H.); (A.M.A.); (S.K.)
| | - Amani Marwan Ayyash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931-166, Jordan; (A.I.M.); (S.F.A.); (E.H.); (A.A.M.); (S.K.H.); (A.M.A.); (S.K.)
| | - Samar Khater
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931-166, Jordan; (A.I.M.); (S.F.A.); (E.H.); (A.A.M.); (S.K.H.); (A.M.A.); (S.K.)
| | - Intisar Hadi AL-Yasari
- Department of Genetic Engineering, College of Biotechnology, Al-Qasim Green University, Babylon 00964, Iraq;
| | - Lina T. Al Kury
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi 144534, United Arab Emirates;
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Ibrahim S, Musthafa MM, Aslam MM, Abdurahman KM, Sudarshan M, Elumalai M, Rao JSB, Kumar GVSA, Sundararajan K. Trace elemental fingerprinting of Ayurvedic formulation Nishakatakadi using XRF and NAA. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-021-07659-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Wang X, Li H, Wang H, Shi J. Quercetin attenuates high glucose-induced injury in human retinal pigment epithelial cell line ARPE-19 by up-regulation of miR-29b. J Biochem 2021; 167:495-502. [PMID: 31960917 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvaa001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Quercetin is a kind of distinctive bioactive flavonoid that has potent anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic properties. The present article was designed to check the effect of quercetin on diabetic retinopathy. Adult retinal pigment epithelial cell line (ARPE)-19 cells were pre-treated with quercetin and then stimulated by high glucose. Cell damage was evaluated by CCK-8 assay, flow cytometer, quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, 2,7-dichlorofluorescein diacetate probe and western blot. The association between quercetin and miR-29b expression as well as the downstream pathways was studied by qRT-PCR and western blot. Pre-treating ARPE-19 cells with quercetin clearly attenuated high glucose-induced viability loss, apoptosis, MCP-1 and IL-6 overproduction and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Quercetin down-regulated p53, Bax and cleaved-caspase-3 expression, while up-regulated CyclinD1, CDK4 and Bcl-2. miR-29b was low expressed in high glucose-treated cell, but quercetin elevated its expression. Moreover, the protective action of quercetin towards ARPE-19 cells was attenuated when miR-29b was suppressed. Also, quercetin promoted PTEN/AKT pathway, while inhibited NF-κB pathway via a miR-29b-dependent way. These data illustrated quercetin possibly possess the anti-diabetic retinopathy potential, as quercetin clearly attenuated high glucose-evoked damage in ARPE-19 cells. The protective action of quercetin may due to its regulation on miR-29b expression as well as PTEN/AKT and NF-κB pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jilin Medical University, No.81 Huashan Road, Fengman District, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jilin Medical University, No.81 Huashan Road, Fengman District, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jilin Medical University, No.81 Huashan Road, Fengman District, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Jingyun Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jilin Medical University, No.81 Huashan Road, Fengman District, Jilin 132013, China
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Gantait S, Mahanta M, Bera S, Verma SK. Advances in biotechnology of Emblica officinalis Gaertn. syn. Phyllanthus emblica L.: a nutraceuticals-rich fruit tree with multifaceted ethnomedicinal uses. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:62. [PMID: 33489680 PMCID: PMC7801590 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02615-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Emblica officinalis Gaertn. syn. Phyllanthus emblica L., universally known as ‘Amla’ or ‘Aonla’ or ‘Indian gooseberry’, is a popular fruit tree belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae and order Geraniales. It is said to be the very first tree that originated on earth, as claimed by age-old Indian mythology. Almost all parts of the tree i.e., root, bark, leaf, flower, fruit and seed are utilized in Ayurvedic and Unani medicinal formulations to improve the overall digestive process, decrease fever, act as a blood purifier, relieve asthma and cough, improve heart health, etc. This tree contains major secondary metabolites like emblicanin-A and emblicanin-B, and also is an affluent source of vitamin-C. Additionally, some other secondary metabolites like tannins, gallic acid, pyrogallol, and pectin are also present in significant amounts. Conventional propagation has been improved via suitable interventions of agrotechnology both in production and protection areas. However, the rate of propagation remains slower; therefore, attempts have been made for biotechnological advancements on E. officinalis. The present review makes an attempt to highlight the botanical description, geographical distribution, ethnopharmacological importance, conventional propagation and protection of this medicinal tree, describing the in vitro-based plant organ and tissue culture methods like direct and indirect organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis along with interventions of molecular marker-based biotechnology and nanotechnology. Further, the prospect of the yet-to-be-explored biotechnological methods for secondary metabolite enhancement like cell suspension, protoplast culture, genetic transformation, etc. and their potential for enhanced emblicanin production have also been discussed in this appraisal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saikat Gantait
- Crop Research Unit (Genetics and Plant Breeding), Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, 741252 West Bengal India
| | - Manisha Mahanta
- Crop Research Unit (Genetics and Plant Breeding), Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, 741252 West Bengal India
| | - Soumen Bera
- College of Agriculture, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Burdwan, 713101 West Bengal India
| | - Sandeep Kumar Verma
- Institute of Biological Science, SAGE University, Baypass Road, Kailod Kartal, Indore, 452020 Madhya Pradesh India
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Huang HZ, Qiu M, Lin JZ, Li MQ, Ma XT, Ran F, Luo CH, Wei XC, Xu RC, Tan P, Fan SH, Yang M, Han L, Zhang DK. Potential effect of tropical fruits Phyllanthus emblica L. for the prevention and management of type 2 diabetic complications: a systematic review of recent advances. Eur J Nutr 2021; 60:3525-3542. [PMID: 33439332 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02471-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Phyllanthus emblica is a fruit widely consumed in subtropical areas, which is rich in polyphenols and other nutrients. There are increasing evidences that as a daily and nutritious fruit, it may have a positive role in controlling diabetic complications. According to the new study, its mechanisms include enhancing the functioning of insulin, reducing insulin resistance, activating the insulin-signaling pathway, protecting β-cells, scavenging free radicals, alleviating inflammatory reactions, and reducing the accumulation of advanced glycation end products. Owing to its few side effects, and low price, it should be easily accepted by patients and has potential for preventing diabetes. Taken together, Phyllanthus emblica may be an ideal fruit for controlling diabetic complications. This review highlights the latest findings of the role of Phyllanthus emblica in anti-diabetes and its complications, especially clarifies the molecular mechanism of the chemical components related to this effect, and prospects some existing problems and future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Zhou Huang
- Pharmacy College, State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Min Qiu
- Pharmacy College, State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Jun-Zhi Lin
- Teaching Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Meng-Qi Li
- Sichuan Nursing Vocational College, Chengdu, 610100, China
| | - Xi-Tao Ma
- Teaching Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Fei Ran
- Pharmacy College, State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Chuan-Hong Luo
- Pharmacy College, State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Xi-Chuan Wei
- Pharmacy College, State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Run-Chun Xu
- Pharmacy College, State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Peng Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Biological Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality, National Administration of TCM, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - San-Hu Fan
- Sanajon Pharmaceutical Group, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Han
- Pharmacy College, State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Ding-Kun Zhang
- Pharmacy College, State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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Sinan KI, Luz Cádiz-Gurrea MDL, Javier Leyva-Jiménez F, Fernández-Ochoa Á, Segura-Carretero A, Glamocilja J, Sokovic M, Nenadić M, Aktumsek A, Dall'Acqua S, Zengin G. New insights on Phyllanthus reticulatus Poir. leaves and stem bark extracts: UPLC-ESI-TOF-MS profiles, and biopharmaceutical and in silico analysis. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj03621a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Our results could provide a great scientific starting point on the way from the bench to functional applications through the use of P. reticulatus, namely novel nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals and cosmeceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouadio Ibrahime Sinan
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Campus, Konya, Turkey
| | - María de la Luz Cádiz-Gurrea
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Fuentenueva s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain
- Functional Food Research and Development Center, Health Science Technological Park, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, E-18100 Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Leyva-Jiménez
- Functional Food Research and Development Center, Health Science Technological Park, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, E-18100 Granada, Spain
| | - Álvaro Fernández-Ochoa
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health Metabolomics Platform, 10178 Berlin, Germany
| | - Antonio Segura-Carretero
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Fuentenueva s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain
- Functional Food Research and Development Center, Health Science Technological Park, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, E-18100 Granada, Spain
| | - Jasmina Glamocilja
- Laboratory of Mycology, Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marina Sokovic
- Laboratory of Mycology, Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Nenadić
- Laboratory of Mycology, Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Abdurrahman Aktumsek
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Campus, Konya, Turkey
| | - Stefano Dall'Acqua
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Campus, Konya, Turkey
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Yang M, Yan T, Yu M, Kang J, Gao R, Wang P, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Shi L. Advances in understanding of health‐promoting benefits of medicine and food homology using analysis of gut microbiota and metabolomics. FOOD FRONTIERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Minmin Yang
- College of Life Sciences Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an China
| | - Tao Yan
- School of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an China
| | - Meng Yu
- The Institute of Medicinal Plant Development Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China
| | - Jie Kang
- Physical Education Institute Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an China
| | - Ruoxi Gao
- School of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an China
| | - Peng Wang
- School of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an China
| | - Yuhuan Zhang
- School of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an China
| | - Huafeng Zhang
- School of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an China
- Internatinal Joint Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Food and Health Science Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an China
| | - Lin Shi
- School of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an China
- Internatinal Joint Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Food and Health Science Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an China
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg Sweden
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Anachuna KK, Moke GE, Iyare C, Katchy N, Ben-Azu B, Adeniyi B, Nwogueze BC, Iyare E. Prenatal and early postnatal food restrictions cause changes in brain oxidative status and orexigenic/anorexigenic hormones in the offspring of rats: prevention by quercetin and kaempferol. CURRENT RESEARCH IN PHARMACOLOGY AND DRUG DISCOVERY 2020; 1:39-52. [PMID: 34909641 PMCID: PMC8663934 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphar.2020.100005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain oxidative signaling pathways have been identified as important targets for alleviating food deprivation-induced changes in metabolic gate-ways. Previous studies have shown that prenatal and early postnatal malnutrition alters leptin and ghrelin signaling via oxidative pathways. Thus, it has been hypothesized that agents with antioxidant properties might be beneficial for the mitigation of prenatal and early postnatal food scarcity-induced oxidative damage. Quercetin and kaempferol are natural bioflavonoids with proven antioxidant properties. In this study, we evaluated their effects on prenatal maternal food consumption, maternal and pup weights, biomarkers of orexigenic and anorexigenic hormones and oxidative stress in rats. Rats were allotted into different treatment groups (n = 6) in three different experiments (prenatal, postnatal food-deprivations or both). Prenatal-food restriction (PrNFR) was induced by 50% of ad libitum accessible diet during pregnancy till parturition and postnatal-food restriction (PsNFR) was simulated by litter-enlargement to 16 pups per mother from postnatal day (PND) 2. Rats in each experiment were concurrently treated with vehicle (10 mL/kg), quercetin (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o.) or kaempferol (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o.) respectively. A third experimental group consisted of both protocols. Quercetin and kaempferol dose-dependently increased the body weights of pups exposed to PrNFR, PsNFR and PrNFR-PsNFR at PNDs 1–22 respectively. Both compounds increased maternal body weights but attenuated maternal food-intake at prenatal days 7 and 14 due by PrNFR. Quercetin and kaempferol reduced brain malondialdehyde concentrations and increased glutathione levels in PrNFR, PsNFR and PrNFR-PsNFR-exposed offspring of rats. Importantly, quercetin and kaempferol significantly (p < 0.05) prevented PrNFR-, PsNFR- or PrNFR-PsNFR-induced alterations in leptin and ghrelin levels. Cumulatively, quercetin and kaempferol increased pup and maternal weights and attenuated maternal food-intake of rats submitted to PrNFR, PsNFR and PrNFR-PsNFR respectively, likely via nutrigenomic modulations of orexigenic/anorexigenic hormones and inhibition of brain oxidative stress. PrNFR and PsNFR reduce maternal and fetal weights. Quercetine and kaempferol increase PrNFR and PsNFR-induced weight loss. Quercetine and kaempferol attenuate PrNFR and PsNFR-induced ghrelin alteration. Quercetine and kaempferol attenuate PrNFR and PsNFR-induced leptin alteration. Quercetine and kaempferol reduced PrNFR and PsNFR-induced brain oxidative stress.
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Key Words
- ANOVA, one-way analysis of variance
- BMI, body mass index
- BPS, balano-preputal separation
- DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide
- Food restriction
- Ghrelin
- KFAM, Kaempferol
- Kaempferol
- Leptin
- Oxidative stress
- PND, postnatal day
- PrNFR, Prenatal-food restriction
- PsNFR, postnatal-food restriction
- QCET, Quercetin
- Quercetin
- VO, vaginal opening
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Kelechi Anachuna
- Reproductive and Developmental Programming Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Nigeria.,Reproductive and Developmental Programming Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Delta State University Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria
| | - Goodies Emuesiri Moke
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Delta State University Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria
| | - Cordilia Iyare
- Reproductive and Developmental Programming Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Nigeria
| | - Nkiru Katchy
- Reproductive and Developmental Programming Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Nigeria
| | - Benneth Ben-Azu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, PAMO University of Medical Sciences, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
| | - Boluwatife Adeniyi
- Reproductive and Developmental Programming Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Nigeria
| | - Bartholomew Chukwuebuka Nwogueze
- Reproductive and Developmental Programming Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Delta State University Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria
| | - Eghosa Iyare
- Reproductive and Developmental Programming Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Nigeria
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Ebrahimpour S, Esmaeili A, Dehghanian F, Beheshti S. Effects of quercetin-conjugated with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles on learning and memory improvement through targeting microRNAs/NF-κB pathway. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15070. [PMID: 32934245 PMCID: PMC7493930 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71678-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Quercetin-conjugated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (QCSPIONs) have an ameliorative effect on diabetes-induced memory impairment. The current study aimed to compare the effect of quercetin (QC) and QCSPIONs on inflammation-related microRNAs and NF-κB signaling pathways in the hippocampus of diabetic rats. The expression levels of miR-146a, miR-9, NF-κB, and NF-κB-related downstream genes, including TNF-α, BACE1, AβPP, Bax, and Bcl-2 were measured using quantitative real-time PCR. To determine the NF-κB activity, immunohistochemical expression of NF-κB/p65 phosphorylation was employed. Computer simulated docking analysis also performed to find the QC target proteins involved in the NF-κB pathway. Results indicate that diabetes significantly upregulated the expression levels of miR-146a, miR-9, TNF-α, NF-κB, and subsequently AβPP, BACE1, and Bax. Expression analysis shows that QCSPIONs are more effective than pure QC in reducing the expression of miR-9. Interestingly, QCSPIONs reduce the pathological activity of NF-κB and subsequently normalize BACE1, AβPP, and the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 expression better than pure QC. Comparative docking analyses also show the stronger binding affinity of QC to IKK and BACE1 proteins compared to specific inhibitors of each protein. In conclusion, our study suggests the potent efficacy of QCSPIONs as a promising drug delivery system in memory improvement through targeting the NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Ebrahimpour
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, HezarJarib Street, 81746-73441, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Abolghasem Esmaeili
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, HezarJarib Street, 81746-73441, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Fariba Dehghanian
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, HezarJarib Street, 81746-73441, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Siamak Beheshti
- Department of Plant and Animal Biology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, HezarJarib Street, 81746-73441, Isfahan, Iran
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Crosstalk between obesity, diabetes, and alzheimer's disease: Introducing quercetin as an effective triple herbal medicine. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 62:101095. [PMID: 32535272 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Obesity and diabetes are the most common metabolic disorders, which are strongly related to Alzheimer's disease (AD) in aging. Diabetes and obesity can lead to the accumulation of amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), and other symptoms of AD through several pathways, including insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, adipokines dysregulation, and vascular impairment. Currently, the use of polyphenols has been expanded in animal models and in-vitro studies because of their comparatively negligible adverse effects. Among them, quercetin (QT) is one of the most abundant polyphenolic flavonoids, which is present in fruits and vegetables and displays many biological, health-promoting effects in a wide range of diseases. The low bioavailability and poor solubility of QT have also led researchers to make various QT-involved nanoparticles (NPs) to overcome these limitations. In this paper, we review significant molecular mechanisms induced by diabetes and obesity that increase AD pathogenesis. Then, we summarize in vitro, in vivo, and clinical evidence regarding the anti-Alzheimer, anti-diabetic and anti-obesity effects of QT. Finally, QT in pure and combination form using NPs has been suggested as a promising therapeutic agent for future studies.
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50
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Anachuna KK, Ekhoye EI, Iyare C, Katchy N, Ben-Azu B, Adeniyi DB, Daubry TME, Iyare E. Altered gestational outcomes and delayed pubertal onset in prenatally and early postnatally food restricted male and female rats: mitigation by quercetin and kaempferol. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 12:115-127. [PMID: 32934767 PMCID: PMC7486555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nutrigenomic malnutrition during pregnancy and early postnatal life has serious consequences on original organ-programing, growth pattern, puberty and quality of life. The aim of this was to investigate the effect of two notable flavonoids, quercetin and kaempferol, with nutrigenomic potentials on prenatal and early postnatal food restrictions or both on gestational outcomes and the onset of puberty in male and females Wister rats. In three sets of experiments consisting of prenatal, postnatal food deprivations or both, rats were distributed into various treatment groups (n = 6). Prenatal food restriction (PrNFR) was initiated by 50% of ad libitum available diet in pregnancy (days 1-22) simultaneously with quercetin (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o./day) or kaempferol (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o./day) until delivery. However, postnatal food restriction (PsNFR) was simulated by litter-increment to 16 pups per mother from postnatal day 2 together with quercetin (50-200 mg/kg, p.o.) or kaempferol (50-200 mg/kg, p.o.) treatments until weaning (day 24) respectively. The last experiment encompasses both protocols with similar treatment protocols. Kaempferol attenuated PrNFR-induced alterations in gestational length compared to PrNFR-control. Quercetin and kaempferol significantly (P < 0.05) normalized nose-length of pups of rats exposed to PrNFR. Quercetin and kaempferol reduced the number of stillbirths due to PrNFR. Both also reduced the delay in pubertal onset as evidenced by normal onset of balanopreputial-separation and vaginal-opening in the PrNFR, PsNFR and PrNFR-PsNFR male and female rats respectively. Together, quercetin and kaempferol prevents prenatal and postnatal malnutrition-induced altered gestational outcomes and pubertal delays in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Kelechi Anachuna
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Delta State University Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria
| | - Ehitare Ikehuamen Ekhoye
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Delta State University Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria
| | - Cordilia Iyare
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Delta State University Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria
| | - Nkiru Katchy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Delta State University Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria
| | - Benneth Ben-Azu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Delta State University Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria
| | - Deborah Boluwatife Adeniyi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Delta State University Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria
| | - Tarela Melish Elias Daubry
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Delta State University Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria
| | - Eghosa Iyare
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Delta State University Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria
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