1
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Pasik D, Frandsen BN, Meder M, Iyer S, Kurtén T, Myllys N. Gas-Phase Oxidation of Atmospherically Relevant Unsaturated Hydrocarbons by Acyl Peroxy Radicals. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:13427-13437. [PMID: 38712858 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c02523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
This study assesses the atmospheric impact of reactions between unsaturated hydrocarbons such as isoprene and monoterpenes and peroxy radicals containing various functional groups. We find that reactions between alkenes and acyl peroxy radicals have reaction rates high enough to be feasible in the atmosphere and lead to high molar mass accretion products. Moreover, the reaction between unsaturated hydrocarbons and acyl peroxy radicals leads to an alkyl radical, to which molecular oxygen rapidly adds. This finding is confirmed by both theoretical calculations and experiments. The formed perester peroxy radical may either undergo further H-shift reactions or react bimolecularly. The multifunctional oxygenated compounds formed through acyl peroxy radical + alkene reactions are potentially important contributors to particle formation and growth. Thus, acyl peroxy radical-initiated oxidation chemistry may need to be included in atmospheric models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Pasik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Benjamin N Frandsen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
- Aerosol Physics Laboratory, Tampere University, Tampere 33014, Finland
| | - Melissa Meder
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Siddharth Iyer
- Aerosol Physics Laboratory, Tampere University, Tampere 33014, Finland
| | - Theo Kurtén
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Nanna Myllys
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
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2
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Zuraski K, Grieman FJ, Hui AO, Cowen J, Winiberg FAF, Percival CJ, Okumura M, Sander SP. Acetonyl Peroxy and Hydroperoxy Self- and Cross-Reactions: Temperature-Dependent Kinetic Parameters, Branching Fractions, and Chaperone Effects. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:7772-7792. [PMID: 37683115 PMCID: PMC10518823 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c03660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
The temperature-dependent kinetic parameters, branching fractions, and chaperone effects of the self- and cross-reactions between acetonyl peroxy (CH3C(O)CH2O2) and hydro peroxy (HO2) have been studied using pulsed laser photolysis coupled with infrared (IR) wavelength-modulation spectroscopy and ultraviolet absorption (UVA) spectroscopy. Two IR lasers simultaneously monitored HO2 and hydroxyl (OH), while UVA measurements monitored CH3C(O)CH2O2. For the CH3C(O)CH2O2 self-reaction (T = 270-330 K), the rate parameters were determined to be A = (1.5-0.3+0.4) × 10-13 and Ea/R = -996 ± 334 K and the branching fraction to the alkoxy channel, k2b/k2, showed an inverse temperature dependence following the expression, k2b/k2 = (2.27 ± 0.62) - [(6.35 ± 2.06) × 10-3] T(K). For the reaction between CH3C(O)CH2O2 and HO2 (T = 270-330 K), the rate parameters were determined to be A = (3.4-1.5+2.5) × 10-13 and Ea/R = -547 ± 415 K for the hydroperoxide product channel and A = (6.23-4.4+15.3) × 10-17 and Ea/R = -3100 ± 870 K for the OH product channel. The branching fraction for the OH channel, k1b /k1, follows the temperature-dependent expression, k1b/k1 = (3.27 ± 0.51) - [(9.6 ± 1.7) × 10-3] T(K). Determination of these parameters required an extensive reaction kinetics model which included a re-evaluation of the temperature dependence of the HO2 self-reaction chaperone enhancement parameters due to the methanol-hydroperoxy complex. The second-law thermodynamic parameters for KP,M for the formation of the complex were found to be ΔrH250K° = -38.6 ± 3.3 kJ mol-1 and ΔrS250K° = -110.5 ± 13.2 J mol-1 K-1, with the third-law analysis yielding ΔrH250K° = -37.5 ± 0.25 kJ mol-1. The HO2 self-reaction rate coefficient was determined to be k4 = (3.34-0.80+1.04) × 10-13 exp [(507 ± 76)/T]cm3 molecule-1 s-1 with the enhancement term k4,M″ = (2.7-1.7+4.7) × 10-36 exp [(4700 ± 255)/T]cm6 molecule-2 s-1, proportional to [CH3OH], over T = 220-280 K. The equivalent chaperone enhancement parameter for the acetone-hydroperoxy complex was also required and determined to be k4,A″ = (5.0 × 10-38 - 1.4 × 10-41) exp[(7396 ± 1172)/T] cm6 molecule-2 s-1, proportional to [CH3C(O)CH3], over T = 270-296 K. From these parameters, the rate coefficients for the reactions between HO2 and the respective complexes over the given temperature ranges can be estimated: for HO2·CH3OH, k12 = [(1.72 ± 0.050) × 10-11] exp [(314 ± 7.2)/T] cm3 molecule-1 s-1 and for HO2·CH3C(O)CH3, k15 = [(7.9 ± 0.72) × 10-17] exp [(3881 ± 25)/T] cm3 molecule-1 s-1. Lastly, an estimate of the rate coefficient for the HO2·CH3OH self-reaction was also determined to be k13 = (1.3 ± 0.45) × 10-10 cm3 molecule-1 s-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen Zuraski
- NASA
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute
of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, United States
| | - Fred J. Grieman
- NASA
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute
of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, United States
- Seaver
Chemistry Laboratory, Pomona College, Claremont, California 91711, United States
| | - Aileen O. Hui
- Arthur
Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Julia Cowen
- NASA
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute
of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, United States
- Seaver
Chemistry Laboratory, Pomona College, Claremont, California 91711, United States
| | - Frank A. F. Winiberg
- NASA
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute
of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, United States
| | - Carl J. Percival
- NASA
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute
of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, United States
| | - Mitchio Okumura
- Arthur
Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Stanley P. Sander
- NASA
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute
of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, United States
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3
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Lei S, Du Z, Song Y, Zhang T, Wang B, Zhou C, Sun L. Performance and mechanisms of iron/copper-doped zirconium-based catalyst containing hydroxyl radicals for enhanced removal of gaseous benzene. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:56594-56607. [PMID: 36920609 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26276-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, novel copper-doped zirconium-based MOF (UIO-66) and copper-doped iron-based UIO-66 catalysts were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis method to improve the removal performance of gaseous benzene. The characteristics of the catalysts were analyzed by means of XRD, SEM, XPS, BET, and EPR. The copper loading catalyst had high crystallinity and irregular globular. The three kinds of catalysts with different Cu/Fe ratios had regular cubic shape. Compared with the catalyst supported with single copper, the bimetal Cu/Fe modification had a certain adjustment effect on the morphology, which specifically reflected in the uniform size and shape of catalyst particles with better dispersibility. The factors of different metal loading, dose of H2O2, and reaction temperature on benzene removal have been studied. It has been observed that in heterogeneous advanced oxidation removal of benzene, 3-Cu@UIO-66 and Cu1.5/Fe1.5@UIO-66 achieved the highest benzene removal efficiency of 81.2% and 94.6%, respectively. EPR results showed that the increase of Cu loading and different Cu/Fe ratios promoted the yield of hydroxyl radicals, thus promoted the benzene removal efficiency. The efficiency of heterogeneous oxidation removal of benzene first increased and then decreased with the increase of temperature due to H2O2 instability. DFT calculations exhibited that the Feoct-Cu-O site was a more effective activation site than the single Feoct-O site. Dissociative adsorption occurred with the O-O bond of H2O2 cracked, and the formed hydroxyls parallel adsorbed on the benzene surface. The combination of benzene and hydroxyls was strong chemisorption with the torsion angle of benzene ring obviously turned. The work was of great importance for identifying the roles of the novel catalyst for the removal of benzene pollutant from waste gases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
- Xi'an Thermal Power Research Institute Co. Ltd. (Suzhou Branch), Suzhou, 215153, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhaohui Du
- School of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yujia Song
- School of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- School of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ben Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Changsong Zhou
- School of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lushi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China.
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4
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Day DA, Fry JL, Kang HG, Krechmer JE, Ayres BR, Keehan NI, Thompson SL, Hu W, Campuzano-Jost P, Schroder JC, Stark H, DeVault MP, Ziemann PJ, Zarzana KJ, Wild RJ, Dubè WP, Brown SS, Jimenez JL. Secondary Organic Aerosol Mass Yields from NO 3 Oxidation of α-Pinene and Δ-Carene: Effect of RO 2 Radical Fate. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:7309-7330. [PMID: 36170568 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c04419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Dark chamber experiments were conducted to study the SOA formed from the oxidation of α-pinene and Δ-carene under different peroxy radical (RO2) fate regimes: RO2 + NO3, RO2 + RO2, and RO2 + HO2. SOA mass yields from α-pinene oxidation were <1 to ∼25% and strongly dependent on available OA mass up to ∼100 μg m-3. The strong yield dependence of α-pinene oxidation is driven by absorptive partitioning to OA and not by available surface area for condensation. Yields from Δ-carene + NO3 were consistently higher, ranging from ∼10-50% with some dependence on OA for <25 μg m-3. Explicit kinetic modeling including vapor wall losses was conducted to enable comparisons across VOC precursors and RO2 fate regimes and to determine atmospherically relevant yields. Furthermore, SOA yields were similar for each monoterpene across the nominal RO2 + NO3, RO2 + RO2, or RO2 + HO2 regimes; thus, the volatility basis sets (VBS) constructed were independent of the chemical regime. Elemental O/C ratios of ∼0.4-0.6 and nitrate/organic mass ratios of ∼0.15 were observed in the particle phase for both monoterpenes in all regimes, using aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS) measurements. An empirical relationship for estimating particle density using AMS-derived elemental ratios, previously reported in the literature for non-nitrate containing OA, was successfully adapted to organic nitrate-rich SOA. Observations from an NO3- chemical ionization mass spectrometer (NO3-CIMS) suggest that Δ-carene more readily forms low-volatility gas-phase highly oxygenated molecules (HOMs) than α-pinene, which primarily forms volatile and semivolatile species, when reacted with NO3, regardless of RO2 regime. The similar Δ-carene SOA yields across regimes, high O/C ratios, and presence of HOMs, suggest that unimolecular and multistep processes such as alkoxy radical isomerization and decomposition may play a role in the formation of SOA from Δ-carene + NO3. The scarcity of peroxide functional groups (on average, 14% of C10 groups carried a peroxide functional group in one test experiment in the RO2 + RO2 regime) appears to rule out a major role for autoxidation and organic peroxide (ROOH, ROOR) formation. The consistently substantially lower SOA yields observed for α-pinene + NO3 suggest such pathways are less available for this precursor. The marked and robust regime-independent difference in SOA yield from two different precursor monoterpenes suggests that in order to accurately model SOA production in forested regions the chemical mechanism must feature some distinction among different monoterpenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas A Day
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States.,Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Juliane L Fry
- Department of Chemistry, Reed College, Portland, Oregon 97202, United States
| | - Hyun Gu Kang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States.,Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Reed College, Portland, Oregon 97202, United States
| | - Jordan E Krechmer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States.,Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Benjamin R Ayres
- Department of Chemistry, Reed College, Portland, Oregon 97202, United States
| | - Natalie I Keehan
- Department of Chemistry, Reed College, Portland, Oregon 97202, United States
| | - Samantha L Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States.,Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Weiwei Hu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States.,Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Pedro Campuzano-Jost
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States.,Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Jason C Schroder
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States.,Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Harald Stark
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States.,Aerodyne Research Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
| | - Marla P DeVault
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States.,Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Paul J Ziemann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States.,Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Kyle J Zarzana
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States.,Chemical Sciences Laboratory, National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States
| | - Robert J Wild
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States.,Chemical Sciences Laboratory, National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States
| | - William P Dubè
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States.,Chemical Sciences Laboratory, National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States
| | - Steven S Brown
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States.,Chemical Sciences Laboratory, National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States
| | - Jose L Jimenez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States.,Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
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5
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Li J, Wang L, Wang L. Computational Study on the Reaction of β-Hydroxyethylperoxy Radical with HO 2 and Effects of Water Vapor. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:2234-2243. [PMID: 35362984 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c09009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of β-hydroxyethylperoxy radical (β-HEP) and HO2 with and without water was studied using quantum chemistry and kinetic calculations. The main products are HOCH2CH2OOH and 3O2 for the reaction with and without water, while all other reaction channels can be neglected. The rate coefficients of the reaction follow negative temperature dependence. The pseudo-second-order rate coefficients are 2-4 orders of magnitude smaller for the reaction with saturated water vapor, indicating the negligible contribution of water in this reaction. This is probably also true for other peroxy radicals (except for HO2), indicating that a large part of previous results on the water enhancement of reaction rate coefficients might have overestimated the influence of water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Li
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Lingyu Wang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Liming Wang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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6
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D’Ambro EL, Hyttinen N, Møller KH, Iyer S, Otkjær RV, Bell DM, Liu J, Lopez-Hilfiker FD, Schobesberger S, Shilling JE, Zelenyuk A, Kjaergaard HG, Thornton JA, Kurtén T. Pathways to Highly Oxidized Products in the Δ3-Carene + OH System. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:2213-2224. [PMID: 35119266 PMCID: PMC8956127 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c06949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Oxidation of the monoterpene Δ3-carene (C10H16) is a potentially important and understudied source of atmospheric secondary organic aerosol (SOA). We present chamber-based measurements of speciated gas and particle phases during photochemical oxidation of Δ3-carene. We find evidence of highly oxidized organic molecules (HOMs) in the gas phase and relatively low-volatility SOA dominated by C7-C10 species. We then use computational methods to develop the first stages of a Δ3-carene photochemical oxidation mechanism and explain some of our measured compositions. We find that alkoxy bond scission of the cyclohexyl ring likely leads to efficient HOM formation, in line with previous studies. We also find a surprising role for the abstraction of primary hydrogens from methyl groups, which has been calculated to be rapid in the α-pinene system, and suggest more research is required to determine if this is more general to other systems and a feature of autoxidation. This work develops a more comprehensive view of Δ3-carene photochemical oxidation products via measurements and lays out a suggested mechanism of oxidation via computationally derived rate coefficients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma L. D’Ambro
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
| | - Noora Hyttinen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
- Institute
for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR), University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
| | - Kristian H. Møller
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Siddharth Iyer
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
- Institute
for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR), University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
| | - Rasmus V. Otkjær
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - David M. Bell
- Atmospheric
Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Jiumeng Liu
- Atmospheric
Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Felipe D. Lopez-Hilfiker
- Department
of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Siegfried Schobesberger
- Department
of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - John E. Shilling
- Atmospheric
Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Alla Zelenyuk
- Atmospheric
Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | | | - Joel A. Thornton
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
- Department
of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Theo Kurtén
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
- Institute
for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR), University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
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7
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Kuwata KT, DeVault MP, Claypool DJ. Improved Computational Modeling of the Kinetics of the Acetylperoxy + HO 2 Reaction. Faraday Discuss 2022; 238:589-618. [DOI: 10.1039/d2fd00030j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The acetylperoxy + HO2 reaction has multiple impacts on the troposphere, with a triplet pathway leading to peracetic acid + O2 (reaction 1a) competing with singlet pathways leading to acetic...
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8
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Jaoui M, Piletic IR, Szmigielski R, Rudzinski KJ, Lewandowski M, Riedel TP, Kleindienst TE. Rapid production of highly oxidized molecules in isoprene aerosol via peroxy and alkoxy radical isomerization pathways in low and high NO x environments: Combined laboratory, computational and field studies. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 775:145592. [PMID: 34380608 PMCID: PMC8363757 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Recently, we identified seven novel hydroxy-carboxylic acids resulting from gas-phase reactions of isoprene in the presence of nitrogen oxides (NOx), ozone (O3), and/or hydroxyl radicals (OH). In the present study, we provide evidence that hydroxy-carboxylic acids, namely methyltartaric acids (MTA) are: (1) reliable isoprene tracers, (2) likely produced via rapid peroxy radical hydrogen atom (H) shift reactions (autoxidation mechanism) and analogous alkoxy radical H shifts in low and high NOx environments respectively and (3) representative of aged ambient aerosol in the low NOx regime. Firstly, MTA are reliable tracers of isoprene aerosol because they have been identified in numerous chamber experiments involving isoprene conducted under a wide range of conditions and are absent in the oxidation of mono- and sesquiterpenes. They are also present in numerous samples of ambient aerosol collected during the past 20 years at several locations in the U.S. and Europe. Furthermore, MTA concentrations measured during a year-long field study in Research Triangle Park (RTP), NC in 2003 show a seasonal trend consistent with isoprene emissions and photochemical activity. Secondly, an analysis of chemical ionization mass spectrometer (CIMS) data of several chamber experiments in low and high NOx environments show that highly oxidized molecules (HOMs) derived from isoprene that lead to MTAs may be produced rapidly and considered as early generation isoprene oxidation products in the gas phase. Density functional theory calculations show that rapid intramolecular H shifts involving peroxy and alkoxy radicals possess low barriers for methyl-hydroxy-butenals (MHBs) that may represent precursors for MTA. From these results, a viable rapid H shift mechanism is proposed to occur that produces isoprene derived HOMs like MTA. Finally, an analysis of the mechanism shows that autoxidation-like pathways in low and high NOx may produce HOMs in a few OH oxidation steps like commonly detected methyl tetrol (MT) isoprene tracers. The ratio of MTA/MT in isoprene aerosol is also shown to be significantly greater in field versus chamber samples indicating the importance of such pathways in the atmosphere even for smaller hydrocarbons like isoprene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Jaoui
- Center for Environmental Measurement & Modeling, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, United States of America.
| | - Ivan R Piletic
- Center for Environmental Measurement & Modeling, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, United States of America
| | - Rafal Szmigielski
- Environmental Chemistry Group, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof J Rudzinski
- Environmental Chemistry Group, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michael Lewandowski
- Center for Environmental Measurement & Modeling, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, United States of America
| | - Theran P Riedel
- Center for Environmental Measurement & Modeling, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, United States of America
| | - Tadeusz E Kleindienst
- Center for Environmental Measurement & Modeling, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, United States of America
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9
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Zuraski K, Hui AO, Grieman FJ, Darby E, Møller KH, Winiberg FAF, Percival CJ, Smarte MD, Okumura M, Kjaergaard HG, Sander SP. Acetonyl Peroxy and Hydro Peroxy Self- and Cross-Reactions: Kinetics, Mechanism, and Chaperone Enhancement from the Perspective of the Hydroxyl Radical Product. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:8128-8143. [PMID: 32852951 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c06220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Pulsed laser photolysis coupled with infrared (IR) wavelength modulation spectroscopy and ultraviolet (UV) absorption spectroscopy was used to study the kinetics and branching fractions for the acetonyl peroxy (CH3C(O)CH2O2) self-reaction and its reaction with hydro peroxy (HO2) at a temperature of 298 K and pressure of 100 Torr. Near-IR and mid-IR lasers simultaneously monitored HO2 and hydroxyl, OH, respectively, while UV absorption measurements monitored the CH3C(O)CH2O2 concentrations. The overall rate constant for the reaction between CH3C(O)CH2O2 and HO2 was found to be (5.5 ± 0.5) × 10-12 cm3 molecule-1 s-1, and the branching fraction for OH yield from this reaction was directly measured as 0.30 ± 0.04. The CH3C(O)CH2O2 self-reaction rate constant was measured to be (4.8 ± 0.8) × 10-12 cm3 molecule-1 s-1, and the branching fraction for alkoxy formation was inferred from secondary chemistry as 0.33 ± 0.13. An increase in the rate of the HO2 self-reaction was also observed as a function of acetone (CH3C(O)CH3) concentration which is interpreted as a chaperone effect, resulting from hydrogen-bond complexation between HO2 and CH3C(O)CH3. The chaperone enhancement coefficient for CH3C(O)CH3 was determined to be kA″ = (4.0 ± 0.2) × 10-29 cm6 molecule-2 s-1, and the equilibrium constant for HO2·CH3C(O)CH3 complex formation was found to be Kc(R14) = (2.0 ± 0.89) × 10-18 cm3 molecule-1; from these values, the rate constant for the HO2 + HO2·CH3C(O)CH3 reaction was estimated to be (2 ± 1) × 10-11 cm3 molecule-1 s-1. Results from UV absorption cross-section measurements of CH3C(O)CH2O2 and prompt OH radical yields arising from possible oxidation of the CH3C(O)CH3-derived alkyl radical are also discussed. Using theoretical methods, no likely pathways for the observed prompt OH radical formation have been found and the prompt OH radical yields thus remain unexplained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen Zuraski
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, United States
| | - Aileen O Hui
- Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Fred J Grieman
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, United States.,Seaver Chemistry Laboratory, Pomona College, Claremont, California 91711, United States
| | - Emily Darby
- Seaver Chemistry Laboratory, Pomona College, Claremont, California 91711, United States
| | - Kristian H Møller
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen Ø DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Frank A F Winiberg
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, United States
| | - Carl J Percival
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, United States
| | - Matthew D Smarte
- Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Mitchio Okumura
- Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Henrik G Kjaergaard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen Ø DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Stanley P Sander
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, United States
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10
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Feng B, Sun C, Zhao W, Zhang S. A theoretical investigation on the atmospheric degradation of the radical: reactions with NO, NO 2, and NO 3. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2020; 22:1554-1565. [PMID: 32608429 DOI: 10.1039/d0em00112k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The radical is the key intermediate in the atmospheric oxidation of benzaldehyde, and its further chemistry contributes to local air pollution. The reaction mechanisms of the radical with NO, NO2, and NO3 were studied by quantum chemistry calculations at the CCSD(T)/CBS//M06-2X/def2-TZVP level of theory. The explicit potential energy curves were provided in order to reveal the atmospheric fate of the radical comprehensively. The main products of the reaction of with NO are predicted to be , CO2 and NO2. The reaction of with NO2 is reversible, and its main product would be C6H5C(O)O2NO2 which was predicted to be more stable than PAN (peroxyacetyl nitrate) at room temperature. The decomposition of C6H5C(O)O2NO2 at different ambient temperatures would be a potential long-range transport source of NOx in the atmosphere. The predominant products of the reaction are predicted to be C6H5C(O)O2H, C6H5C(O)OH, O2 and O3, while HO˙ is of minor importance. So, the reaction of with would be an important source of ozone and carboxylic acids in the local atmosphere, and has less contribution to the regeneration of HO˙ radicals. The reaction of with NO3 should mainly produce , CO2, O2 and NO2, which might play an important role in atmospheric chemistry of peroxy radicals at night, but has less contribution to the night-time conversion of ( and RO˙) to ( and HO˙) in the local atmosphere. The results above are in good accordance with the reported experimental observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Feng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of Technology, South Zhongguancun Street # 5, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China.
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11
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Iyer S, Rissanen MP, Kurtén T. Reaction between Peroxy and Alkoxy Radicals Can Form Stable Adducts. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:2051-2057. [PMID: 30958011 PMCID: PMC6727596 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b00405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Peroxy (RO2) and alkoxy (RO) radicals are prototypical intermediates in any hydrocarbon oxidation. In this work, we use computational methods to (1) study the mechanism and kinetics of the RO2 + OH reaction for previously unexplored "R" structures (R = CH(O)CH2 and R = CH3C(O)) and (2) investigate a hitherto unaccounted channel of molecular growth, R'O2 + RO. On the singlet surface, these reactions rapidly form ROOOH and R'OOOR adducts, respectively. The former decomposes to RO + HO2 and R(O)OH + O2 products, while the main decomposition channel for the latter is back to the reactant radicals. Decomposition rates of R'OOOR adducts varied between 103 and 0.015 s-1 at 298 K and 1 atm. The most long-lived R'OOOR adducts likely account for some fraction of the elemental compositions detected in the atmosphere that are commonly assigned to stable covalently bound dimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddharth Iyer
- Department of Chemistry and Institute
for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR), University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Matti P. Rissanen
- Aerosol
Physics Laboratory, Physics Unit, Tampere
University, FI-33101 Tampere, Finland
- Department
of Physics and Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research
(INAR), University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Theo Kurtén
- Department of Chemistry and Institute
for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR), University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
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12
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Hui AO, Fradet M, Okumura M, Sander SP. Temperature Dependence Study of the Kinetics and Product Yields of the HO 2 + CH 3C(O)O 2 Reaction by Direct Detection of OH and HO 2 Radicals Using 2f-IR Wavelength Modulation Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:3655-3671. [PMID: 30942073 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b00442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The HO2 + CH3C(O)O2 reaction consists of three product channels: CH3C(O)OOH + O2 (R1a), CH3C(O)OH + O3 (R1b), and OH + CH3C(O)O + O2 (R1c). The overall rate constant ( k1) and product yields (α1a, α1b, and α1c) were determined over the atmospherically relevant temperature range of 230-294 K at 100 Torr in N2. Time-resolved kinetics measurements were performed in a pulsed laser photolysis experiment in a slow flow cell by employing simultaneous infrared (IR) and ultraviolet (UV) absorption spectroscopy. HO2 and CH3C(O)O2 were formed by Cl-atom reactions with CH3OH and CH3CHO, respectively. Heterodyne near- and mid-infrared (NIR and MIR) wavelength modulation spectroscopy (WMS) was employed to selectively detect HO2 and OH radicals. Ultraviolet absorption at 225 and 250 nm was used to detect various peroxy radicals as well as ozone (O3). These experimental techniques enabled direct measurements of α1c and α1b via time-resolved spectroscopic detection in the MIR and the UV, respectively. At each temperature, experiments were performed at various ratios of initial HO2 and CH3C(O)O2 concentrations to quantify the secondary chemistry. The Arrhenius expression was found to be k1( T) = 1.38-0.63+1.17 × 10-12 exp[(730 ± 170)/ T] cm3 molecule-1 s-1. α1a was temperature-independent while α1b and α1c decreased and increased, respectively, with increasing temperatures. These trends are consistent with the current recommendation by the IUPAC data evaluation. Hydrogen-bonded adducts of HO2 with the precursors, HO2·CH3OH and HO2·CH3CHO, played a role at lower temperatures; as part of this work, rate enhancements of the HO2 self-reaction due to reactions of the adducts with HO2 were also measured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aileen O Hui
- Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Physics , California Institute of Technology , M/S 127-72, 1200 East California Boulevard , Pasadena , California 91125 , United States
| | - Mathieu Fradet
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory , California Institute of Technology , 4800 Oak Grove Drive , Pasadena , California 91109 , United States
| | - Mitchio Okumura
- Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Physics , California Institute of Technology , M/S 127-72, 1200 East California Boulevard , Pasadena , California 91125 , United States
| | - Stanley P Sander
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory , California Institute of Technology , 4800 Oak Grove Drive , Pasadena , California 91109 , United States
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13
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Bianchi F, Kurtén T, Riva M, Mohr C, Rissanen MP, Roldin P, Berndt T, Crounse JD, Wennberg PO, Mentel TF, Wildt J, Junninen H, Jokinen T, Kulmala M, Worsnop DR, Thornton JA, Donahue N, Kjaergaard HG, Ehn M. Highly Oxygenated Organic Molecules (HOM) from Gas-Phase Autoxidation Involving Peroxy Radicals: A Key Contributor to Atmospheric Aerosol. Chem Rev 2019; 119:3472-3509. [PMID: 30799608 PMCID: PMC6439441 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Highly
oxygenated organic molecules (HOM) are formed in the atmosphere
via autoxidation involving peroxy radicals arising from volatile organic
compounds (VOC). HOM condense on pre-existing particles and can be
involved in new particle formation. HOM thus contribute to the formation
of secondary organic aerosol (SOA), a significant and ubiquitous component
of atmospheric aerosol known to affect the Earth’s radiation
balance. HOM were discovered only very recently, but the interest
in these compounds has grown rapidly. In this Review, we define HOM
and describe the currently available techniques for their identification/quantification,
followed by a summary of the current knowledge on their formation
mechanisms and physicochemical properties. A main aim is to provide
a common frame for the currently quite fragmented literature on HOM
studies. Finally, we highlight the existing gaps in our understanding
and suggest directions for future HOM research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Bianchi
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, Faculty of Science , University of Helsinki , Helsinki 00014 , Finland.,Aerosol and Haze Laboratory , University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , P.R. China
| | - Theo Kurtén
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, Faculty of Science , University of Helsinki , Helsinki 00014 , Finland
| | - Matthieu Riva
- IRCELYON, CNRS University of Lyon , Villeurbanne 69626 , France
| | - Claudia Mohr
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry , Stockholm University , Stockholm 11418 , Sweden
| | - Matti P Rissanen
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, Faculty of Science , University of Helsinki , Helsinki 00014 , Finland
| | - Pontus Roldin
- Division of Nuclear Physics, Department of Physics , Lund University , Lund 22100 , Sweden
| | - Torsten Berndt
- Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research , Leipzig 04318 , Germany
| | - John D Crounse
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences , California Institute of Technology , Pasadena , California 91125 , United States
| | - Paul O Wennberg
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences , California Institute of Technology , Pasadena , California 91125 , United States
| | - Thomas F Mentel
- Institut für Energie und Klimaforschung, IEK-8 , Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH , Jülich 52425 , Germany
| | - Jürgen Wildt
- Institut für Energie und Klimaforschung, IEK-8 , Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH , Jülich 52425 , Germany
| | - Heikki Junninen
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, Faculty of Science , University of Helsinki , Helsinki 00014 , Finland.,Institute of Physics , University of Tartu , Tartu 50090 , Estonia
| | - Tuija Jokinen
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, Faculty of Science , University of Helsinki , Helsinki 00014 , Finland
| | - Markku Kulmala
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, Faculty of Science , University of Helsinki , Helsinki 00014 , Finland.,Aerosol and Haze Laboratory , University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , P.R. China
| | - Douglas R Worsnop
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, Faculty of Science , University of Helsinki , Helsinki 00014 , Finland.,Aerodyne Research Inc. , Billerica , Massachusetts 01821 , United States
| | - Joel A Thornton
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Neil Donahue
- Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies , Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
| | - Henrik G Kjaergaard
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cøpenhagen , Cøpenhagen 2100 , Denmark
| | - Mikael Ehn
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, Faculty of Science , University of Helsinki , Helsinki 00014 , Finland
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14
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Iyer S, Reiman H, Møller KH, Rissanen MP, Kjaergaard HG, Kurtén T. Computational Investigation of RO 2 + HO 2 and RO 2 + RO 2 Reactions of Monoterpene Derived First-Generation Peroxy Radicals Leading to Radical Recycling. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:9542-9552. [PMID: 30449100 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b09241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The oxidation of biogenically emitted volatile organic compounds (BVOC) plays an important role in the formation of secondary organic aerosols (SOA) in the atmosphere. Peroxy radicals (RO2) are central intermediates in the BVOC oxidation process. Under clean (low-NO x) conditions, the main bimolecular sink reactions for RO2 are with the hydroperoxy radical (HO2) and with other RO2 radicals. Especially for small RO2, the RO2 + HO2 reaction mainly leads to closed-shell hydroperoxide products. However, there exist other known RO2 + HO2 and RO2 + RO2 reaction channels that can recycle radicals and oxidants in the atmosphere, potentially leading to lower-volatility products and enhancing SOA formation. In this work, we present a thermodynamic overview of two such reactions: (a) RO2 + HO2 → RO + OH + O2 and (b) R'O2 + RO2 → R'O + RO + O2 for selected monoterpene + oxidant derived peroxy radicals. The monoterpenes considered are α-pinene, β-pinene, limonene, trans-β-ocimene, and Δ3-carene. The oxidants considered are the hydroxyl radical (OH), the nitrate radical (NO3), and ozone (O3). The reaction Gibbs energies were calculated at the DLPNO-CCSD(T)/def2-QZVPP//ωB97X-D/aug-cc-pVTZ level of theory. All reactions studied here were found to be exergonic in terms of Gibbs energy. On the basis of a comparison with previous mechanistic studies, we predict that reaction a and reaction b are likely to be most important for first-generation peroxy radicals from O3 oxidation (especially for β-pinene), while being less so for most first-generation peroxy radicals from OH and NO3 oxidation. This is because both reactions are comparatively more exergonic for the O3 oxidized systems than their OH and NO3 oxidized counterparts. Our results indicate that bimolecular reactions of certain complex RO2 may contribute to an increase in radical and oxidant recycling under high HO2 conditions in the atmosphere, which can potentially enhance SOA formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddharth Iyer
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR) , University of Helsinki , P.O. Box 55, FI-00014 , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Heidi Reiman
- Department of Chemistry , University of Helsinki , P.O. Box 55, FI-00014 , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Kristian H Møller
- Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø , Denmark
| | - Matti P Rissanen
- Department of Physics and Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR) , University of Helsinki , P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Henrik G Kjaergaard
- Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø , Denmark
| | - Theo Kurtén
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR) , University of Helsinki , P.O. Box 55, FI-00014 , Helsinki , Finland
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15
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Rissanen MP. NO 2 Suppression of Autoxidation-Inhibition of Gas-Phase Highly Oxidized Dimer Product Formation. ACS EARTH & SPACE CHEMISTRY 2018; 2:1211-1219. [PMID: 30488044 PMCID: PMC6251564 DOI: 10.1021/acsearthspacechem.8b00123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric autoxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOC) leads to prompt formation of highly oxidized multifunctional compounds (HOM) that have been found crucial in forming ambient secondary organic aerosol (SOA). As a radical chain reaction mediated by oxidized peroxy (RO2) and alkoxy (RO) radical intermediates, the formation pathways can be intercepted by suitable reaction partners, preventing the production of the highest oxidized reaction products, and thus the formation of the most condensable material. Commonly, NO is expected to have a detrimental effect on RO2 chemistry, and thus on autoxidation, whereas the influence of NO2 is mostly neglected. Here it is shown by dedicated flow tube experiments, how high concentration of NO2 suppresses cyclohexene ozonolysis initiated autoxidation chain reaction. Importantly, the addition of NO2 ceases covalently bound dimer production, indicating their production involving acylperoxy radical (RC(O)OO•) intermediates. In related experiments NO was also shown to strongly suppress the highly oxidized product formation, but due to possibility for chain propagating reactions (as with RO2 and HO2 too), the suppression is not as absolute as with NO2. Furthermore, it is shown how NO x reactions with oxidized peroxy radicals lead into indistinguishable product compositions, complicating mass spectral assignments in any RO2 + NO x system. The present work was conducted with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (CIMS) as the detection method for the highly oxidized end-products and peroxy radical intermediates, under ambient conditions and at short few second reaction times. Specifically, the insight was gained by addition of a large amount of NO2 (and NO) to the oxidation system, upon which acylperoxy radicals reacted in RC(O)O2 + NO2 → RC(O)O2NO2 reaction to form peroxyacylnitrates, consequently shutting down the oxidation sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matti P. Rissanen
- Institute for Atmospheric
and Earth System Research (INAR), University
of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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16
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Asili V, De Visscher A. Modelling methane and ethane photolysis in waste gas: Optimization of reaction networks. CAN J CHEM ENG 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.23124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Asili
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering; Centre for Environmental Engineering Research and Education (CEERE); University of Calgary; 2500 University Drive NW; Calgary AB T2N 1N4 Canada
| | - Alex De Visscher
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering; Centre for Environmental Engineering Research and Education (CEERE); University of Calgary; 2500 University Drive NW; Calgary AB T2N 1N4 Canada
- Current address: Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering; Faculty of Engineering and Computer Science; Concordia University; 1455 de Maisonneuve Blvd. E Montréal QC, H3G 2W1 Canada
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17
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Wennberg PO, Bates KH, Crounse JD, Dodson LG, McVay RC, Mertens LA, Nguyen TB, Praske E, Schwantes RH, Smarte MD, St Clair JM, Teng AP, Zhang X, Seinfeld JH. Gas-Phase Reactions of Isoprene and Its Major Oxidation Products. Chem Rev 2018. [PMID: 29522327 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Isoprene carries approximately half of the flux of non-methane volatile organic carbon emitted to the atmosphere by the biosphere. Accurate representation of its oxidation rate and products is essential for quantifying its influence on the abundance of the hydroxyl radical (OH), nitrogen oxide free radicals (NO x), ozone (O3), and, via the formation of highly oxygenated compounds, aerosol. We present a review of recent laboratory and theoretical studies of the oxidation pathways of isoprene initiated by addition of OH, O3, the nitrate radical (NO3), and the chlorine atom. From this review, a recommendation for a nearly complete gas-phase oxidation mechanism of isoprene and its major products is developed. The mechanism is compiled with the aims of providing an accurate representation of the flow of carbon while allowing quantification of the impact of isoprene emissions on HO x and NO x free radical concentrations and of the yields of products known to be involved in condensed-phase processes. Finally, a simplified (reduced) mechanism is developed for use in chemical transport models that retains the essential chemistry required to accurately simulate isoprene oxidation under conditions where it occurs in the atmosphere-above forested regions remote from large NO x emissions.
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18
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Czekner J, Taatjes CA, Osborn DL, Meloni G. Study of low temperature chlorine atom initiated oxidation of methyl and ethyl butyrate using synchrotron photoionization TOF-mass spectrometry. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:5785-5794. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp08221e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The initial oxidation products of methyl butyrate (MB) and ethyl butyrate (EB) are studied using a time- and energy-resolved photoionization mass spectrometer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Czekner
- University of San Francisco, Department of Chemistry
- San Francisco
- USA
| | - Craig A. Taatjes
- Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories
- Livermore
- USA
| | - David L. Osborn
- Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories
- Livermore
- USA
| | - Giovanni Meloni
- University of San Francisco, Department of Chemistry
- San Francisco
- USA
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19
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Copan AV, Wiens AE, Nowara EM, Schaefer HF, Agarwal J. Peroxyacetyl radical: Electronic excitation energies, fundamental vibrational frequencies, and symmetry breaking in the first excited state. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:054303. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4906490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas V. Copan
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | - Avery E. Wiens
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | - Ewa M. Nowara
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | - Henry F. Schaefer
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | - Jay Agarwal
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
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20
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Praske E, Crounse JD, Bates KH, Kurtén T, Kjaergaard HG, Wennberg PO. Atmospheric fate of methyl vinyl ketone: peroxy radical reactions with NO and HO2. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:4562-72. [PMID: 25486386 DOI: 10.1021/jp5107058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
First generation product yields from the OH-initiated oxidation of methyl vinyl ketone (3-buten-2-one, MVK) under both low and high NO conditions are reported. In the low NO chemistry, three distinct reaction channels are identified leading to the formation of (1) OH, glycolaldehyde, and acetyl peroxy R2a , (2) a hydroperoxide R2b , and (3) an α-diketone R2c . The α-diketone likely results from HOx-neutral chemistry previously only known to occur in reactions of HO2 with halogenated peroxy radicals. Quantum chemical calculations demonstrate that all channels are kinetically accessible at 298 K. In the high NO chemistry, glycolaldehyde is produced with a yield of 74 ± 6.0%. Two alkyl nitrates are formed with a combined yield of 4.0 ± 0.6%. We revise a three-dimensional chemical transport model to assess what impact these modifications in the MVK mechanism have on simulations of atmospheric oxidative chemistry. The calculated OH mixing ratio over the Amazon increases by 6%, suggesting that the low NO chemistry makes a non-negligible contribution toward sustaining the atmospheric radical pool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Praske
- †Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - John D Crounse
- ‡Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Kelvin H Bates
- †Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Theo Kurtén
- § Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Henrik G Kjaergaard
- ∥Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Paul O Wennberg
- ‡Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd, Pasadena, California 91125, United States.,⊥Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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21
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Gross CBM, Dillon TJ, Schuster G, Lelieveld J, Crowley JN. Direct kinetic study of OH and O3 formation in the reaction of CH3C(O)O2 with HO2. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:974-85. [PMID: 24491030 DOI: 10.1021/jp412380z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The reaction between HO2 and CH3C(O)O2 has three exothermic product channels, forming OH (R3a), peracetic acid (R3b), and acetic acid plus O3 (R3c). The branching ratios of the OH- and ozone-forming reaction channels were determined using a combination of laser-induced fluorescence (LIF, for time-resolved OH concentration measurement) and transient absorption spectroscopy (TAS, for time-resolved O3 concentration measurement) following pulsed laser generation of HO2 and CH3C(O)O2 from suitable precursors. TAS was also used to determine the initial concentration of the reactant peroxy radicals. The data were evaluated by numerical simulation using kinetic models of the measured concentration profiles; a Monte Carlo approach was used to estimate the uncertainties of the rate constants (k3) and branching ratios (α) thus obtained. The reaction channel forming OH (R3a) was found to be the most important with α3a = 0.61 ± 0.09 and α3c = 0.16 ± 0.08. The overall rate coefficient of the title reaction was found to be k3 = (2.1 ± 0.4) × 10(-11) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1) for both HO2 and DO2. Use of DO2 resulted in an increase in α3a to 0.80 ± 0.14. Comparison with former studies shows that OH formation via (R3) has been underestimated significantly to date. Possible reasons for these discrepancies and atmospheric implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C B M Gross
- Division of Atmospheric Chemistry, Max-Planck-Institut für Chemie , 55128 Mainz, Germany
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22
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Shao Y, Hou H, Wang B. Theoretical study of the mechanisms and kinetics of the reactions of hydroperoxy (HO2) radicals with hydroxymethylperoxy (HOCH2O2) and methoxymethylperoxy (CH3OCH2O2) radicals. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:22805-14. [PMID: 25243915 DOI: 10.1039/c4cp02747g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The peroxy–peroxy radical reactions show spin, conformation and temperature dependence, forming formic acid and hydroxyl radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youxiang Shao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Hou
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoshan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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23
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Anglada JM, Olivella S, Solé A. The reaction of formaldehyde carbonyl oxide with the methyl peroxy radical and its relevance in the chemistry of the atmosphere. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:18921-33. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp53100g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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24
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Hasson AS, Tyndall GS, Orlando JJ, Singh S, Hernandez SQ, Campbell S, Ibarra Y. Branching Ratios for the Reaction of Selected Carbonyl-Containing Peroxy Radicals with Hydroperoxy Radicals. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:6264-81. [PMID: 22483091 DOI: 10.1021/jp211799c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alam S. Hasson
- Department of Chemistry, 2555 East San Ramon
Avenue M/S SB70, California State University, Fresno, Fresno, California 93740, United States
| | - Geoffrey S. Tyndall
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division, National Center for Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box
3000, Boulder, Colorado 80307, United States
| | - John J. Orlando
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division, National Center for Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box
3000, Boulder, Colorado 80307, United States
| | - Sukhdeep Singh
- Department of Chemistry, 2555 East San Ramon
Avenue M/S SB70, California State University, Fresno, Fresno, California 93740, United States
| | - Samuel Q. Hernandez
- Department of Chemistry, 2555 East San Ramon
Avenue M/S SB70, California State University, Fresno, Fresno, California 93740, United States
| | - Sean Campbell
- Department of Chemistry, 2555 East San Ramon
Avenue M/S SB70, California State University, Fresno, Fresno, California 93740, United States
| | - Yesenia Ibarra
- Department of Chemistry, 2555 East San Ramon
Avenue M/S SB70, California State University, Fresno, Fresno, California 93740, United States
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25
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Orlando JJ, Tyndall GS. Laboratory studies of organic peroxy radical chemistry: an overview with emphasis on recent issues of atmospheric significance. Chem Soc Rev 2012; 41:6294-317. [PMID: 22847633 DOI: 10.1039/c2cs35166h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John J Orlando
- National Center for Atmospheric Research, Earth System Laboratory, Atmospheric Chemistry Division, Boulder, USA.
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26
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Vereecken L, Peeters J. A theoretical study of the OH-initiated gas-phase oxidation mechanism of β-pinene (C10H16): first generation products. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:3802-15. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp23711c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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27
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Vereecken L, Francisco JS. Theoretical studies of atmospheric reaction mechanisms in the troposphere. Chem Soc Rev 2012; 41:6259-93. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cs35070j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 311] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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28
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Neuenschwander U, Meier E, Hermans I. Peculiarities of β-pinene autoxidation. CHEMSUSCHEM 2011; 4:1613-1621. [PMID: 21901836 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201100266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The thermal oxidation of the renewable olefin β-pinene with molecular oxygen was experimentally and computationally investigated. Peroxyl radicals abstract weakly bonded allylic hydrogen atoms from the substrate, yielding allylic hydroperoxides (i.e., myrtenyl and pinocarvyl hydroperoxide). In addition, peroxyl radicals add to the C=C bond of the substrate to form an epoxide. It was found that a relatively high peroxyl radical concentration, together with the high rate of peroxyl cross-reactions, make radical-radical reactions surprisingly important for this particular substrate. Approximately 60 % of these peroxyl cross-reactions lead to termination (radical destruction), keeping a radical chain length of approximately 4 at 10 % conversion. Numerical simulation of the reaction-based on the proposed reaction mechanism and known or predicted rate constants-demonstrate the importance of peroxyl cross-reactions for the formation of alkoxyl radicals, which are the precursor of alcohol and ketone products.
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29
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Liang YN, Li J, Wang QD, Wang F, Li XY. Computational study of the reaction mechanism of the methylperoxy self-reaction. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:13534-41. [PMID: 22004094 DOI: 10.1021/jp2048508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
To provide insight on the reaction mechanism of the methyperoxy (CH(3)O(2)•) self-reaction, stationary points on both the spin-singlet and the spin-triplet potential energy surfaces of 2(CH(3)O(2)•) have been searched at the B3LYP/6-311++G(2df,2p) level. The relative energies, enthalpies, and free energies of these stationary points are calculated using CCSD(T)/cc-pVTZ. Our theoretical results indicate that reactions on a spin-triplet potential energy surface are kinetically unfavorable due to high free energy barriers, while they are more complicated on the spin-singlet surface. CH(3)OOCH(3) + O(2)(1) can be produced directly from 2(CH(3)O(2)•), while in other channels, three spin-singlet chain-structure intermediates are first formed and subsequently dissociated to produce different products. Besides the dominant channels producing 2CH(3)O• + O(2) and CH(3)OH + CH(2)O + O(2) as determined before, the channels leading to CH(3)OOOH + CH(2)O and CH(3)O• + CH(2)O + HO(2)• are also energetically favorable in the self-reaction of CH(3)O(2)• especially at low temperature according to our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ni Liang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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30
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Anglada JM, González J, Torrent-Sucarrat M. Effects of the substituents on the reactivity of carbonyl oxides. A theoretical study on the reaction of substituted carbonyl oxides with water. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:13034-45. [PMID: 21687896 DOI: 10.1039/c1cp20872a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reactions between fifteen carbonyl oxides and water have been investigated with the aim of contributing to a better understanding of the effects of the substituents in the reactivity of carbonyl oxides. We have employed density functional theory and large scale ab initio methods (CCSD(T), CASSCF, and CASPT2), combined with transition state theory, to investigate the addition of water to carbonyl oxide and, for those carbonyl oxides having a methyl substituent in syn, the hydrogen transfer from the methyl group to the terminal oxygen of carbonyl oxide. In this case, the water acts as a catalyst and this reaction can contribute to the atmospheric formation of a hydroxyl radical. Carbonyl oxides with electron withdrawing substituents and zwitterionic character have low energy barriers and react fast, whereas carbonyl oxides with electron releasing substituents have high energy barriers and react slowly. The position of the substituents plays also an important role and carbonyl oxides having a hydrogen atom substituent in syn react faster than carbonyl oxides having a hydrogen atom substituent in anti. The differences in the reactivity of different substituted carbonyl oxides raise up to ten orders of magnitude and the branching ratios for the two different reactions investigated are also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Anglada
- Departament de Química Biològica i Modelització Molecular (IQAC-CSIC), c/Jordi Girona 18, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain.
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31
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Noell AC, Alconcel LS, Robichaud DJ, Okumura M, Sander SP. Near-infrared kinetic spectroscopy of the HO2 and C2H5O2 self-reactions and cross reactions. J Phys Chem A 2010; 114:6983-95. [PMID: 20524693 DOI: 10.1021/jp912129j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The self-reactions and cross reactions of the peroxy radicals C2H5O2 and HO2 were monitored using simultaneous independent spectroscopic probes to observe each radical species. Wavelength modulation (WM) near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy was used to detect HO2, and UV absorption monitored C2H5O2. The temperature dependences of these reactions were investigated over a range of interest to tropospheric chemistry, 221-296 K. The Arrhenius expression determined for the cross reaction, k2(T) = (6.01(-1.47)(+1.95)) x 10(-13) exp((638 +/- 73)/T) cm3 molecules(-1) s(-1) is in agreement with other work from the literature. The measurements of the HO2 self-reaction agreed with previous work from this lab and were not further refined. The C2H5O2 self-reaction is complicated by secondary production of HO2. This experiment performed the first direct measurement of the self-reaction rate constant, as well as the branching fraction to the radical channel, in part by measurement of the secondary HO2. The Arrhenius expression for the self-reaction rate constant is k3(T) = (1.29(-0.27)(+0.34)) x 10(-13)exp((-23 +/- 61)/T) cm3 molecules(-1) s(-1), and the branching fraction value is alpha = 0.28 +/- 0.06, independent of temperature. These values are in disagreement with previous measurements based on end product studies of the branching fraction. The results suggest that better characterization of the products from RO2 self-reactions are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Noell
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, M/S 183-901, Pasadena, California 91109, USA
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32
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Roth E, Chakir A, Ferhati A. Study of a Benzoylperoxy Radical in the Gas Phase: Ultraviolet Spectrum and C6H5C(O)O2 + HO2 Reaction between 295 and 357 K. J Phys Chem A 2010; 114:10367-79. [DOI: 10.1021/jp1021467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Roth
- Laboratoire GSMA, Université de Reims, Campus Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039, 51687 Reims cedex 02, France, CNRS, Laboratoire GSMA-UMR 6089, UFR Sciences, BP 1039, 51687 Reims cedex 02, France, and Laboratoire LCCE, Faculté des sciences, Université de Batna, rue Boukhlouf El Hadi 05000 Batna, Algeria
| | - A. Chakir
- Laboratoire GSMA, Université de Reims, Campus Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039, 51687 Reims cedex 02, France, CNRS, Laboratoire GSMA-UMR 6089, UFR Sciences, BP 1039, 51687 Reims cedex 02, France, and Laboratoire LCCE, Faculté des sciences, Université de Batna, rue Boukhlouf El Hadi 05000 Batna, Algeria
| | - A. Ferhati
- Laboratoire GSMA, Université de Reims, Campus Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039, 51687 Reims cedex 02, France, CNRS, Laboratoire GSMA-UMR 6089, UFR Sciences, BP 1039, 51687 Reims cedex 02, France, and Laboratoire LCCE, Faculté des sciences, Université de Batna, rue Boukhlouf El Hadi 05000 Batna, Algeria
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33
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Nepomnyashchikh YV, Puchkov SV, Abdulova OV, Perkel’ AL. Kinetics and mechanism of the liquid-phase oxidation of n-carboxylic acids. KINETICS AND CATALYSIS 2009. [DOI: 10.1134/s0023158409050012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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34
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El-Nahas AM, Simmie JM, Navarro MV, Bozzelli JW, Black G, Curran HJ. Thermochemistry and kinetics of acetonylperoxy radical isomerisation and decomposition: a quantum chemistry and CVT/SCT approach. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2008; 10:7139-49. [PMID: 19039348 DOI: 10.1039/b810853f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
CBS-QB3 calculations have been used to determine thermochemical and kinetic parameters of the isomerisation and decomposition reactions of the acetonylperoxy radical, CH3C(O)CH2OO* , which has been formed via the reaction of acetonyl radical with O2 leading to the formation of an energised peroxy adduct with a calculated well depth of near 111 kJ mol(-1). This species can undergo subsequent 1,5 and 1,3 H-shifts to give the primary and secondary radicals: C*H2C(O)CH2OOH and CH3C(O)C*HOOH, respectively, or rearrange to give a 3-methyl-1,2-dioxetan-3-yloxy radical. Rate constants for isomerisation and subsequent decomposition have been estimated using canonical variational transition state theory with small curvature tunneling cvt/sct. The variational effect for the isomerisation channels is only moderate but the tunneling correction is significant at temperatures up to 1000 K; the formation of a primary radical by a 1,5-shift is the main reaction channel and the competition with the secondary one starts only at around 1500 K. The fate of the primary acetonylhydroperoxy radical is predominantly to form oxetan-3-one while the ketene and 1-oxy-3-hydroxyacetonyl radical channels only compete with the formation of oxetan-3-one at temperatures >1200 K. In addition, consistent and reliable enthalpies of formation have been computed for the molecules acetonylhydroperoxide, 1,3-dihydroxyacetone, methylglyoxal and cyclobutanone, and for some related radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M El-Nahas
- Faculty of Science, El-Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt
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35
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da Silva G, Bozzelli JW. Thermochemistry, Bond Energies, and Internal Rotor Potentials of Dimethyl Tetraoxide. J Phys Chem A 2007; 111:12026-36. [DOI: 10.1021/jp075144f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel da Silva
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Joseph W. Bozzelli
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
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36
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Jenkin ME, Hurley MD, Wallington TJ. Investigation of the radical product channel of the CH3C(O)O2 + HO2 reaction in the gas phase. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2007; 9:3149-62. [PMID: 17612738 DOI: 10.1039/b702757e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of CH(3)C(O)O(2) with HO(2) has been investigated at 296 K and 700 Torr using long path FTIR spectroscopy, during photolysis of Cl(2)/CH(3)CHO/CH(3)OH/air mixtures. The branching ratio for the reaction channel forming CH(3)C(O)O, OH and O(2) (reaction ) has been determined from experiments in which OH radicals were scavenged by addition of benzene to the system, with subsequent formation of phenol used as the primary diagnostic for OH radical formation. The dependence of the phenol yield on benzene concentration was found to be consistent with its formation from the OH-initiated oxidation of benzene, thereby confirming the presence of OH radicals in the system. The dependence of the phenol yield on the initial peroxy radical precursor reagent concentration ratio, [CH(3)OH](0)/[CH(3)CHO](0), is consistent with OH formation resulting mainly from the reaction of CH(3)C(O)O(2) with HO(2) in the early stages of the experiments, such that the limiting yield of phenol at high benzene concentrations is well-correlated with that of CH(3)C(O)OOH, a well-established product of the CH(3)C(O)O(2) + HO(2) reaction (via channel (3a)). However, a delayed source of phenol was also identified, which is attributed mainly to an analogous OH-forming channel of the reaction of HO(2) with HOCH(2)O(2) (reaction ), formed from the reaction of HO(2) with product HCHO. This was investigated in additional series of experiments in which Cl(2)/CH(3)OH/benzene/air and Cl(2)/HCHO/benzene/air mixtures were photolysed. The various reaction systems were fully characterised by simulations using a detailed chemical mechanism. This allowed the following branching ratios to be determined: CH(3)C(O)O(2) + HO(2)--> CH(3)C(O)OOH + O(2), k(3a)/k(3) = 0.38 +/- 0.13; --> CH(3)C(O)OH + O(3), k(3b)/k(3) = 0.12 +/- 0.04; --> CH(3)C(O)O + OH + O(2), k(3c)/k(3) = 0.43 +/- 0.10: HOCH(2)O(2) + HO(2)--> HCOOH + H(2)O + O(2), k(17b)/k(17) = 0.30 +/- 0.06; --> HOCH(2)O + OH + O(2), k(17c)/k(17) = 0.20 +/- 0.05. The results therefore provide strong evidence for significant participation of the radical-forming channels of these reactions, with the branching ratio for the title reaction being in good agreement with the value reported in one previous study. As part of this work, the kinetics of the reaction of Cl atoms with phenol (reaction (14)) have also been investigated. The rate coefficient was determined relative to the rate coefficient for the reaction of Cl with CH(3)OH, during the photolysis of mixtures of Cl(2), phenol and CH(3)OH, in either N(2) or air at 296 K and 760 Torr. A value of k(14) = (1.92 +/- 0.17) x 10(-10) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1) was determined from the experiments in N(2), in agreement with the literature. In air, the apparent rate coefficient was about a factor of two lower, which is interpreted in terms of regeneration of phenol from the product phenoxy radical, C(6)H(5)O, possibly via its reaction with HO(2).
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Jenkin
- Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, Silwood Park, Ascot, Berkshire, UK.
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37
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Teresa Raventós-Duran M, Percival CJ, McGillen MR, Hamer PD, Shallcross DE. Kinetics and branching ratio studies of the reaction of C2H5O2 + HO2 using chemical ionisation mass spectrometry. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2007; 9:4338-48. [PMID: 17687481 DOI: 10.1039/b703038j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The overall rate coefficient for the reaction of C(2)H(5)O(2) with HO(2) was determined using a turbulent flow chemical ionization mass spectrometer (TF-CIMS) system over the pressure range of 75 to 200 Torr and temperatures between 195 and 298 K. The temperature dependence of the overall rate coefficient for the reaction between C(2)H(5)O(2) and HO(2) was fitted using the following Arrhenius expression: k(T) = (2.08) x 10(-13) exp [(864 +/- 79)/T] cm(-3) molecule(-1) s(-1). The upper limits for the branching ratios for reactive channels leading to O(3) and OH production were quantified for the first time. A tropospheric model has been used to assess the impact of the experimental error of the rate coefficients determined in this study on predicted concentrations of a number of key species, including O(3), OH, HO(2), NO and NO(2). In all cases it is found that the propagated error is very small and will not in itself be a major cause of uncertainty in modelled concentrations. However, at low temperatures, where there is a wide discrepancy between existing kinetic studies, modelling using the range of kinetic data in the literature shows a small but significant variation for [C(2)H(5)O(2)], [C(2)H(5)OOH], [NO(x)] and the HO(2) : OH ratio. Furthermore, a structure-activity relationship (SAR) was developed to rationalise the reactivity of the reaction between RO(2) and HO(2).
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Affiliation(s)
- M Teresa Raventós-Duran
- The School of Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental Science, The University of Manchester, Sackville Street, Manchester, UK
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