1
|
Lim MN, Lee SE, Jeon JS, Yoon IS, Hwang YS. OsbZIP38/87-mediated activation of OsHXK7 improves the viability of rice cells under hypoxic conditions. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 293:154182. [PMID: 38277982 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2024.154182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Maintenance of energy metabolism is critical for rice (Oryza sativa) tolerance under submerged cultivation. Here, OsHXK7 was the most actively induced hexokinase gene in the embryos of hypoxically germinating rice seeds. Suspension-cultured cells established from seeds of T-DNA null mutants for the OsHXK7 locus did not regrow after 3-d-hypoxic stress and showed increased susceptibility to low-oxygen stress-in terms of viability-and decreased alcoholic fermentation activities compared to those of the wild-type. The promoter element containing the TGACG-motif, a well-known target site for the basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors, was responsible for sugar regulation of the OsHXK7 promoter activity. Systematic screening of the OsbZIP genes showing the similar expression patterns to that of OsHXK7 in the transcriptomic datasets produced two bZIP genes, OsbZIP38 and 87, belonging to the S1 bZIP subfamily as the candidate for the activator for this gene expression. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments through transient expression assays have demonstrated that these two bZIP proteins are indeed involved in the induction of OsHXK7 expression under starvation or low-energy conditions. Our finding suggests that C/S1 bZIP network-mediated hypoxic deregulation of sugar-responsive genes may work in concert for the molecular adaptation of rice cells to submergence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Na Lim
- Department of Biotechnology, CHA University, Seongnam, 13488, South Korea
| | - Sung-Eun Lee
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, South Korea
| | - Jong-Seong Jeon
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 446-701, South Korea
| | - In Sun Yoon
- Molecular Breeding Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Jeonju, 565-851, South Korea
| | - Yong-Sic Hwang
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lin C, Zhang Z, Shen X, Liu D, Pedersen O. Flooding-adaptive root and shoot traits in rice. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2024; 51:FP23226. [PMID: 38167593 DOI: 10.1071/fp23226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Wetland plants, including rice (Oryza spp.), have developed multiple functional adaptive traits to survive soil flooding, partial submergence or even complete submergence. In waterlogged soils and under water, diffusion of O2 and CO2 is extremely slow with severe impacts on photosynthesis and respiration. As a response to shallow floods or rising floodwater, several rice varieties, including deepwater rice, elongate their stems to keep their leaves above the water surface so that photosynthesis can occur unhindered during partial submergence. In stark contrast, some other varieties hardly elongate even if they become completely submerged. Instead, their metabolism is reduced to an absolute minimum so that carbohydrates are conserved enabling fast regrowth once the floodwater recedes. This review focuses on the fascinating functional adaptive traits conferring tolerance to soil flooding, partial or complete submergence. We provide a general analysis of these traits focusing on molecular, anatomical and morphological, physiological and ecological levels. Some of these key traits have already been introgressed into modern high-yielding genotypes improving flood tolerance of several cultivars used by millions of farmers in Asia. However, with the ongoing changes in climate, we propose that even more emphasis should be placed on improving flood tolerance of rice by breeding for rice that can tolerate longer periods of complete submergence or stagnant flooding. Such tolerance could be achieved via additional tissues; i.e. aquatic adventitious roots relevant during partial submergence, and leaves with higher underwater photosynthesis caused by a longer gas film retention time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Lin
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; and Plant Developmental Biology and Plant Physiology, University of Kiel, Am Botanischen Garten 5, Kiel 24118, Germany
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xuwen Shen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Plant Developmental Biology and Plant Physiology, University of Kiel, Am Botanischen Garten 5, Kiel 24118, Germany; and Freshwater Biological Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 4, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Ole Pedersen
- Freshwater Biological Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 4, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark; and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen YN, Ho CH. CIPK15-mediated inhibition of NH 4+ transport protects Arabidopsis from submergence. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20235. [PMID: 37810036 PMCID: PMC10560025 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Ammonium (NH4+) serves as a vital nitrogen source for plants, but it can turn toxic when it accumulates in excessive amounts. Toxicity is aggravated under hypoxic/anaerobic conditions, e.g., during flooding or submergence, due to a lower assimilation capacity. AMT1; 1 mediates NH4+ uptake into roots. Under conditions of oxygen-deficiency, i.e., submergence, the CBL-interacting protein kinase OsCIPK15 has been shown to trigger SnRK1A signaling, promoting starch mobilization, thereby the increasing availability of ATP, reduction equivalents and acceptors for NH4+ assimilation in rice. Our previous study in Arabidopsis demonstrates that AtCIPK15 phosphorylates AMT1; 1 whose activity is under allosteric feedback control by phosphorylation of T460 in the cytosolic C-terminus. Here we show that submergence cause higher NH4+ accumulation in wild-type, plant but not of nitrate, nor in a quadruple amt knock-out mutant. In addition, submergence triggers rapid accumulation of AtAMT1;1 and AtCIPK15 transcripts as well as AMT1 phosphorylation. Significantly, cipk15 knock-out mutants do not exhibit an increase in AMT1 phosphorylation; however, they do display heightened sensitivity to submergence. These findings suggest that CIPK15 suppresses AMT activity, resulting in decreased NH4+ accumulation during submergence, a period when NH4+ assimilation capacity may be impaired.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Ning Chen
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsun Ho
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ren R, Wan Z, Chen H, Zhang Z. The effect of inter-varietal variation in sugar hydrolysis and transport on sugar content and photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera L. leaves. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 189:1-13. [PMID: 36030618 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sugar synthesis from photosynthesis and its utilization through sugar metabolism jointly determine leaf sugar content, and in contrast, excess sugar represses leaf photosynthesis. Although plant photosynthesis is affected by leaf sugar metabolism, the relationship between sugar metabolism and photosynthetic capacity of different grape genotypes remains unclear. In this study, two grape (Vitis vinifera L.) genotypes 'Riesling' (RI, high sugar content in leaf) and 'Petit Manseng' (PM, low sugar content in leaf) were used to evaluate the relationship between sugar metabolism and photosynthesis. Sugar content, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic parameters, enzyme activity, and gene expression related to sucrose metabolism in leaves were measured, and the correlations between photosynthesis and sugar metabolism were assessed. The contents of sucrose and glucose were significantly higher in RI leaves than in PM leaves, while the fructose content pattern was reversed. Cell wall invertase activity for sucrose hydrolysis and the transcript levels of VvCWINV, VvHTs, VvTMT1, VvFKs, and VvHXK2 were also higher in RI leaves than in PM leaves, whereas that of VvHXK1 mediating glucose phosphorylation, was lower in RI leaves than in PM leaves. Net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and chlorophyll content were lower in RI leaves than in PM leaves and negatively correlated with glucose content, and the transcript levels of VvCWINV, VvHTs, VvTMT1, and VvHXK2. In conclusion, this study indicates that leaf sugar metabolism and transport are related to photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera L., which provides a theoretical basis for improving grape photosynthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruihua Ren
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Zhuowu Wan
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Huawei Chen
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Zhenwen Zhang
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; China Wine Industry Technology Institute, Room 1606, Zhongguancun Innovation Center, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
OsASR6 Alleviates Rice Resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae via Transcriptional Suppression of OsCIPK15. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126622. [PMID: 35743079 PMCID: PMC9223573 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The plant-specific ASR (abscisic acid, stress and ripening) transcription factors are pivotal regulators of plant responses to abiotic stresses. However, their functions in plant disease resistance remain largely unknown. In this study, we revealed the role of OsASR6 in rice plants’ resistance to two important bacterial diseases caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) and X. oryzae pv. oryzicola (Xoc) and elucidated the mechanisms underlying OsASR6-regulated resistance. The expression of OsASR6 was strongly elevated in response to both Xoo and Xoc challenges. Silencing of OsASR6 in OsASR6-RNAi transgenic plants markedly enhanced rice resistance to the two bacterial pathogens. Moreover, comparative transcriptome analyses for OsASR6-RNAi and wild-type plants inoculated and uninoculated with Xoc demonstrated that OsASR6 suppressed rice resistance to Xoc by comprehensively fine-tuning CIPK15- and WRKY45-1-mediated immunity, SA signaling and redox homeostasis. Further luciferase reporter assays confirmed that OsASR6 negatively regulated CIPK15 but not WRKY45-1 expression in planta. Overexpression of OsCIPK15 strongly enhanced rice resistance to Xoo and Xoc. Collectively, these results reveal that OsASR6 alleviates rice resistance through the transcriptional suppression of OsCIPK15, and thus links calcium signaling to rice resistance against X. oryzae. Our findings provide insight into the mechanisms underlying OsASR6-mediated regulation of rice resistance to X. oryzae.
Collapse
|
6
|
Lim MN, Lee SE, Chang WY, Yoon IS, Hwang YS. Comparison of transcriptomic adjustments to availability of sugar, cellular energy, and oxygen in germinating rice embryos. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 264:153471. [PMID: 34315029 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2021.153471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
During germination, the availability of sugars, oxygen, or cellular energy fluctuates under dynamic environmental conditions, likely affecting the global RNA profile of rice genes. Most genes that exhibit sugar-regulation in rice embryos under aerobic conditions are responsive to low energy and anaerobic conditions, indicating that sugar regulation is strongly associated with energy and anaerobic signaling. The interference pattern of sugar regulation by either anaerobic or low energy conditions indicates that induction is likely the more prevalent regulatory mechanism than repression for altering the expression of sugar-regulated genes. Among the aerobically sugar-regulated genes, limited genes exhibit sugar regulation under anaerobic conditions, indicating that anaerobic conditions strongly influence sugar regulated gene expression. Anaerobically responsive genes substantially overlap with low energy responsive genes. In particular, the expression levels of anaerobically downregulated genes are consistent with those provoked by low energy conditions, suggesting that anaerobic downregulation results from the prevention of aerobic respiration due to the absence of the final electron acceptor, i.e., molecular oxygen. It has been noted that abscisic acid (ABA) responsive genes are over representative of genes upregulated under low energy conditions, in contrast to downregulated genes. This suggests that either ABA itself or upstream signaling components of the ABA signaling pathway are likely to be involved in the signaling pathways activated by low energy conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Na Lim
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Eun Lee
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Yong Chang
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - In Sun Yoon
- Gene Engineering Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju, 54874, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Sic Hwang
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang G, Liu Y, Gui R, Wang Z, Li Z, Han Y, Guo X, Sun J. Comparative multi-omics analysis of hypoxic germination tolerance in weedy rice embryos and coleoptiles. Genomics 2021; 113:3337-3348. [PMID: 34298069 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2021.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxic germination tolerance is an important trait for seedling establishment of direct-seeded rice. Our comparative metabolomics analysis revealed that weedy rice accumulated more sugar and amino acids than cultivated rice accumulated in the embryo and coleoptile tissues under hypoxic stress. At the transcriptional level, oxidative phosphorylation activity in weedy rice was higher than in cultivated rice that likely led to more efficient energy metabolism during hypoxic stress. Based on our comparative proteomics analysis, enriched proteins related to cell wall implied that the advantages in energy metabolism of weedy rice were ultimately reflected in the formation of tissue structures. In this study, we found that most of key hypoxic germination tolerance (HGT) genes shared the same genetic backgrounds with Oryza japonica, however, several of them genetically similar to other Oryza plant also play important roles. Our findings suggest weedy rice can serve as genetic resources for the improvement of direct-seeding rice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangchen Zhang
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, China
| | - Youhong Liu
- Institute of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Design and Germplasm Innovation, Haerbin, 150086, China
| | - Rui Gui
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, China
| | - Ziming Wang
- College of forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, China
| | - Zhuan Li
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, China
| | - Yuqing Han
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, China
| | - Xiaojia Guo
- Jinzhou Institute of Science and Technology, Jinzhou, 121000, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Meng D, Dong B, Niu L, Song Z, Wang L, Amin R, Cao H, Li H, Yang Q, Fu Y. The pigeon pea CcCIPK14-CcCBL1 pair positively modulates drought tolerance by enhancing flavonoid biosynthesis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 106:1278-1297. [PMID: 33733535 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Calcineurin B-like (CBL)-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) play a central role in Ca2+ signalling and promote drought tolerance in plants. The CIPK gene family in pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L.), a major food crop affected by drought, has not previously been characterised. Here, we identified 28 CIPK genes in the pigeon pea genome. Five CcCIPK genes were strongly upregulated in roots upon drought treatment and were selected for further characterisation. Overexpression of CcCIPK13 and CcCIPK14 increased survival rates by two- to three-fold relative to controls after 14 days of drought. Furthermore, the three major flavonoids, genistin, genistein and apigenin, were significantly upregulated in the same transgenic plants. Using CcCIPK14 as bait, we performed a yeast two-hybrid screen and identified six interactors, including CcCBL1. CcCIPK14 exhibited autophosphorylation and phosphorylation of CcCBL1 in vitro. CcCBL1-overexpressed plants displayed higher survival rates upon drought stress as well as higher expression of flavonoid biosynthetic genes and flavonoid content. CcCIPK14-overexpressed plants in which CcCBL1 transcript levels were reduced by RNA interference had lower survival rates, which indicated CcCBL1 in the same pathway as CcCIPK14. Together, our results demonstrate a role for the CcCIPK14-CcCBL1 complex in drought stress tolerance through the regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis in pigeon pea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Meng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Bejing, China
| | - Biying Dong
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Bejing, China
| | - Lili Niu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Bejing, China
| | - Zhihua Song
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Bejing, China
| | - Litao Wang
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Bejing, China
| | - Rohul Amin
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Bejing, China
| | - Hongyan Cao
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Bejing, China
| | - Hanghang Li
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Bejing, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Bejing, China
| | - Yujie Fu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Bejing, China
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Su L, Yang J, Li D, Peng Z, Xia A, Yang M, Luo L, Huang C, Wang J, Wang H, Chen Z, Guo T. Dynamic genome-wide association analysis and identification of candidate genes involved in anaerobic germination tolerance in rice. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 14:1. [PMID: 33409869 PMCID: PMC7788155 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-020-00444-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Asian rice production, an increasing number of countries now choose the direct seeding mode because of rising costs, labour shortages and water shortages. The ability of rice seeds to undergo anaerobic germination (AG) plays an important role in the success of direct seeding. RESULTS In this study, we used 2,123,725 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers based on resequencing to conduct a dynamic genome-wide association study (GWAS) of coleoptile length (CL) and coleoptile diameter (CD) in 209 natural rice populations. A total of 26 SNP loci were detected in these two phenotypes, of which 5 overlapped with previously reported loci (S1_ 39674301, S6_ 20797781, S7_ 18722403, S8_ 9946213, S11_ 19165397), and two sites were detected repeatedly at different time points (S3_ 24689629 and S5_ 27918754). We suggest that these 7 loci (-log10 (P) value > 7.3271) are the key sites that affect AG tolerance. To screen the candidate genes more effectively, we sequenced the transcriptome of the flooding-tolerant variety R151 in six key stages, including anaerobic (AN) and the oxygen conversion point (AN-A), and obtained high-quality differential expression profiles. Four reliable candidate genes were identified: Os01g0911700 (OsVP1), Os05g0560900 (OsGA2ox8), Os05g0562200 (OsDi19-1) and Os06g0548200. Then qRT-PCR and LC-MS/ MS targeting metabolite detection technology were used to further verify that the up-regulated expression of these four candidate genes was closely related to AG. CONCLUSION The four novel candidate genes were associated with gibberellin (GA) and abscisic acid (ABA) regulation and cell wall metabolism under oxygen-deficiency conditions and promoted coleoptile elongation while avoiding adverse effects, allowing the coleoptile to obtain oxygen, escape the low-oxygen environment and germinate rapidly. The results of this study improve our understanding of the genetic basis of AG in rice seeds, which is conducive to the selection of flooding-tolerant varieties suitable for direct seeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Su
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Jing Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Dandan Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Ziai Peng
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Aoyun Xia
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Meng Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Lixin Luo
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Cuihong Huang
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Jiafeng Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Hui Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Zhiqiang Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Tao Guo
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yu SM, Lee HT, Lo SF, Ho THD. How does rice cope with too little oxygen during its early life? THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 229:36-41. [PMID: 31880324 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Most crops cannot germinate underwater. Rice exhibits certain degrees of tolerance to oxygen deficiency for anaerobic germination (AG) and anaerobic seedling development (ASD). Direct rice seeding, whereby seeds are sown into soil rather than transplanting seedlings from the nursery, becomes an increasingly popular cultivation method due to labor shortages and opportunities for sustainable cultivation. Flooding is common under direct seeding, but most rice varieties have poor capability of AG/ASD, which is a major obstacle to broad adoption of direct seeding. A better understanding of the physiological basis and molecular mechanisms regulating AG/ASD should facilitate rice breeding for enhanced seedling vigor under flooding. This review highlights recent advances on molecular and physiological mechanisms and future breeding strategies of rice AG/ASD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Su-May Yu
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
- Molecular and Cell Biology, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
- Department of Plant Pathology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Ting Lee
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
- Molecular and Cell Biology, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shuen-Fang Lo
- Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Tuan-Hua David Ho
- Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Rohilla M, Singh N, Mazumder A, Sen P, Roy P, Chowdhury D, Singh NK, Mondal TK. Genome-wide association studies using 50 K rice genic SNP chip unveil genetic architecture for anaerobic germination of deep-water rice population of Assam, India. Mol Genet Genomics 2020; 295:1211-1226. [PMID: 32506235 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-020-01690-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
North Eastern part of India such as Assam is inundated by flood every year where the farmers are forced to grow the traditional tall deep-water rice. Genetic improvement of this type of rice is slow because of insufficient knowledge about their genetic architecture and population structure. In the present investigation, the genetic diversity architecture of 94 deep-water rice genotypes of Assam and association mapping strategy was, for the first time, applied to determine the significant SNPs and genes for deep-water rice. These genotypes are known for their unique elongation ability under deep-water condition. The anaerobic germination (AG) related trait-associated genes identified here can provide affluent resources for rice breeding especially in flood-prone areas. We investigated the genome-wide association studies (GWAS) using 50 K rice genic SNP chip across 94 deep-water rice genotypes collected from different flood-prone districts/villages of Assam. Population structure and diversity analysis revealed that these genotypes were stratified into four sub-populations. Using GWAS approach, 20 significant genes were identified and found to be associated with AG-related traits. Of them, two most relevant genes (OsXDH1and SSXT) have been identified which explain phenotypic variability (R2 > 20%) in the population. These genes were located in Chr 3 (LOC_Os03g31550) which encodes for enzyme xanthine dehydrogenase 1(OsXDH1) and in Chr 12 (LOC_Os12g31350) which encodes for SSXT family protein. Both of these genes were found to be associated with anaerobic response index (increase in the coleoptile length under water in anaerobic condition with respect to control), respectively. Interestingly, OsXDH1is involved in purine catabolism pathway and acts as a scavenger of reactive oxygen species in plants, whereas SSXT is GRF1-interacting factor 3. These two candidate genes associated with AG of deep-water rice have been found to be reported for the first time. Thus, this study provides a greater resource for breeders not only for improvement of deep-water rice, but also for AG tolerant variety useful for direct-seeded rice in flood-affected areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Megha Rohilla
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Nisha Singh
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Abhishek Mazumder
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Priyabrata Sen
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam, India
| | - Priyanka Roy
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam, India
| | - Dhiren Chowdhury
- Regional Agricultural Research Station, Assam Agricultural University, North Lakhimpur, Assam, India
| | | | - Tapan Kumar Mondal
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa, New Delhi, 110012, India.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Nakamura M, Noguchi K. Tolerant mechanisms to O 2 deficiency under submergence conditions in plants. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2020; 133:343-371. [PMID: 32185673 PMCID: PMC7214491 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-020-01176-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Wetland plants can tolerate long-term strict hypoxia and anoxic conditions and the subsequent re-oxidative stress compared to terrestrial plants. During O2 deficiency, both wetland and terrestrial plants use NAD(P)+ and ATP that are produced during ethanol fermentation, sucrose degradation, and major amino acid metabolisms. The oxidation of NADH by non-phosphorylating pathways in the mitochondrial respiratory chain is common in both terrestrial and wetland plants. As the wetland plants enhance and combine these traits especially in their roots, they can survive under long-term hypoxic and anoxic stresses. Wetland plants show two contrasting strategies, low O2 escape and low O2 quiescence strategies (LOES and LOQS, respectively). Differences between two strategies are ascribed to the different signaling networks related to phytohormones. During O2 deficiency, LOES-type plants show several unique traits such as shoot elongation, aerenchyma formation and leaf acclimation, whereas the LOQS-type plants cease their growth and save carbohydrate reserves. Many wetland plants utilize NH4+ as the nitrogen (N) source without NH4+-dependent respiratory increase, leading to efficient respiratory O2 consumption in roots. In contrast, some wetland plants with high O2 supply system efficiently use NO3- from the soil where nitrification occurs. The differences in the N utilization strategies relate to the different systems of anaerobic ATP production, the NO2--driven ATP production and fermentation. The different N utilization strategies are functionally related to the hypoxia or anoxia tolerance in the wetland plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Motoka Nakamura
- Department of Bio-Production, Faculty of Bio-Industry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 196 Yasaka, Abashiri, Hokkaido, 099-2493, Japan.
| | - Ko Noguchi
- School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhao B, Qi K, Yi X, Chen G, Liu X, Qi X, Zhang S. Identification of hexokinase family members in pear (Pyrus × bretschneideri) and functional exploration of PbHXK1 in modulating sugar content and plant growth. Gene 2019; 711:143932. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
14
|
Han CS, Kim S, Lee SE, Choi S, Kim SH, Yoon IS, Hwang YS. Cross-talk between ABA and sugar signaling is mediated by the ACGT core and CE1 element reciprocally in OsTIP3;1 promoter. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 224-225:103-111. [PMID: 29614396 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2018.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Recently, much effort has been made to determine the molecular links and cross-talk between sugar and abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathways. ABA-inducible expression of OsTIP3;1, encoding a rice tonoplast intrinsic protein, was enhanced by sugar depletion. Such a stimulatory increase in OsTIP3;1 expression under sugar-starvation is possibly not owing to changes in endogenous ABA content. The transient expression assay indicated that the 5' flanking region of OsTIP3;1 delivered similar collaborative responsiveness to starvation and ABA, suggesting that this gene promoter could be a good molecular probe to examine the interaction between sugar and ABA signaling pathways. Targeted mutagenesis demonstrated that disruption of ACGT cores decreased the induction of OsTIP3;1 promoter activity under either starvation or ABA, whereas mutation of coupling element 1 (CE1), which is an ABI4 binding site, reversely increased it, suggesting that those two distinct cis-regulatory elements reciprocally regulate the responsiveness of this promoter to both sugar and ABA. Consistent with this result, antisense inhibition of ABI4 increased the OsTIP3;1 promoter activity. ABI4 expression was also enhanced by sugars and repressed by ABA, suggesting that reduced ABI4 binding to CE1 in the absence of sugar and presence of ABA could increase ABA-induction of the OsTIP3;1 promoter activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chae-Seong Han
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sol Kim
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Eun Lee
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Siyoung Choi
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Hwan Kim
- Division of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju, 220-710, Republic of Korea
| | - In Sun Yoon
- Molecular Breeding Division, Natural Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Sic Hwang
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kim S, Lee SB, Han CS, Lim MN, Lee SE, Yoon IS, Hwang YS. Dissection of cis-regulatory element architecture of the rice oleosin gene promoters to assess abscisic acid responsiveness in suspension-cultured rice cells. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 215:20-29. [PMID: 28527335 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2017.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Oleosins are the most abundant proteins in the monolipid layer surrounding neutral storage lipids that form oil bodies in plants. Several lines of evidence indicate that they are physiologically important for the maintenance of oil body structure and for mobilization of the lipids stored inside. Rice has six oleosin genes in its genome, the expression of all of which was found to be responsive to abscisic acid (ABA) in our examination of mature embryo and aleurone tissues. The 5'-flanking region of OsOle5 was initially characterized for its responsiveness to ABA through a transient expression assay system using the protoplasts from suspension-cultured rice cells. A series of successive deletions and site-directed mutations identified five regions critical for the hormonal induction of its promoter activity. A search for cis-acting elements in these regions deposited in a public database revealed that they contain various promoter elements previously reported to be involved in the ABA response of various genes. A gain-of-function experiment indicated that multiple copies of all five regions were sufficient to provide the minimal promoter with a distinct ABA responsiveness. Comparative sequence analysis of the short, but still ABA-responsive, promoters of OsOle genes revealed no common modular architecture shared by them, indicating that various distinct promoter elements and independent trans-acting factors are involved in the ABA responsiveness of rice oleosin multigenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sol Kim
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea
| | - Soo-Bin Lee
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea
| | - Chae-Seong Han
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea
| | - Mi-Na Lim
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea
| | - Sung-Eun Lee
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea
| | - In Sun Yoon
- Molecular Breeding Division, Natural Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural, Development Adminstration, Suwon 441-857, Korea
| | - Yong-Sic Hwang
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hsu SK, Tung CW. Genetic Mapping of Anaerobic Germination-Associated QTLs Controlling Coleoptile Elongation in Rice. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2015; 8:38. [PMID: 26699727 PMCID: PMC4689725 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-015-0072-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing numbers of rice farmers are adopting direct-seeding methods to save on costs associated with labor and transplanting. Successful seedling establishment in flooded conditions requires rapid coleoptile growth to ensure access to oxygen near the water surface. It is important that the natural variations in coleoptile growth of submerged rice plants are identified. RESULTS Coleoptile responses of submerged plants at the germination stage were analyzed in diverse rice accessions and recombinant inbred lines. Several genomic regions identified from a genome-wide association analysis were significantly associated with anaerobic germination, with many that corresponded to published quantitative trait locus (QTL) intervals. In the recombinant inbred line population derived from a cross between japonica and indica varieties, only one unique and strong signal explaining about 27 % of the phenotypic variation was detected. Distinct haplotypes associated with variations in coleoptile length were identified in diverse germplasm. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated the value of combining genome-wide association analysis and biparental QTL mapping approaches to identify chromosomal regions regulating coleoptile elongation in submerged rice plants. The significant genomic regions detected in this study are potential candidates for incorporation into elite cultivars to improve seedling survival during anaerobic germination. Future studies that map the QTLs and investigate the effects and functions of candidate genes may lead to new rice varieties that can be used in direct-seeding systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Kai Hsu
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Wei Tung
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Shingaki-Wells R, Millar AH, Whelan J, Narsai R. What happens to plant mitochondria under low oxygen? An omics review of the responses to low oxygen and reoxygenation. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2014; 37:2260-77. [PMID: 24575773 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Revised: 02/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/16/2014] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Floods can rapidly submerge plants, limiting oxygen to the extent that oxidative phosphorylation no longer generates adequate ATP supplies. Low-oxygen tolerant plants, such as rice, are able to adequately respond to low oxygen by successfully remodelling primary and mitochondrial metabolism to partially counteract the energy crisis that ensues. In this review, we discuss how plants respond to low-oxygen stress at the transcriptomic, proteomic, metabolomic and enzyme activity levels, particularly focusing on mitochondria and interacting pathways. The role of reactive oxygen species and nitrite as an alternative electron acceptor as well as their links to respiratory chain components is discussed. By making intra-kingdom as well as cross-kingdom comparisons, conserved mechanisms of anoxia tolerance are highlighted as well as tolerance mechanisms that are specific to anoxia-tolerant rice during germination and in coleoptiles. We discuss reoxygenation as an often overlooked, yet essential stage of this environmental stress and consider the possibility that changes occurring during low oxygen may also provide benefits upon re-aeration. Finally, we consider what it takes to be low-oxygen tolerant and argue that alternative mechanisms of ATP production, glucose signalling, starch/sucrose signalling as well as reverse metabolism of fermentation end products promote the survival of rice after this debilitating stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Shingaki-Wells
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Bayliss Building University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yu Q, An L, Li W. The CBL-CIPK network mediates different signaling pathways in plants. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2014; 33:203-14. [PMID: 24097244 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-013-1507-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/08/2013] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The calcineurin B-like protein-CBL-interacting protein kinase (CBL-CIPK) signaling pathway in plants is a Ca²⁺-related pathway that responds strongly to both abiotic and biotic environmental stimuli. The CBL-CIPK system shows variety, specificity, and complexity in response to different stresses, and the CBL-CIPK signaling pathway is regulated by complex mechanisms in plant cells. As a plant-specific Ca²⁺ sensor relaying pathway, the CBL-CIPK pathway has some crosstalk with other signaling pathways. In addition, research has shown that there is crosstalk between the CBL-CIPK pathway and the low-K⁺ response pathway, the ABA signaling pathway, the nitrate sensing and signaling pathway, and others. In this paper, we summarize and review research discoveries on the CBL-CIPK network. We focus on the different modification and regulation mechanisms (phosphorylation and dephosphorylation, dual lipid modification) of the CBL-CIPK network, the expression patterns and functions of CBL-CIPK network genes, the responses of this network to abiotic stresses, and its crosstalk with other signaling pathways. We also discuss the technical research methods used to analyze the CBL-CIPK network and some of its newly discovered functions in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinyang Yu
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road No. 2, Dalian, Liaoning, China,
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wang XQ, Li LM, Yang PP, Gong CL. The role of hexokinases from grape berries (Vitis vinifera L.) in regulating the expression of cell wall invertase and sucrose synthase genes. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2014; 33:337-47. [PMID: 24213599 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-013-1533-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2013] [Revised: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In plants, hexokinase (HXK, EC 2.7.1.1) involved in hexose phosphorylation, plays an important role in sugar sensing and signaling. In this study, we found that at Phase I of grape berry development, lower hexose (glucose or fructose) levels were concomitant with higher HXK activities and protein levels. After the onset of ripening, we demonstrated a drastic reduction in HXK activity and protein levels accompanied by a rising hexose level. Therefore, our results revealed that HXK activity and protein levels had an inverse relationship with the endogenous glucose or fructose levels during grape berry development. A 51 kDa HXK protein band was detected throughout grape berry development. In addition, HXK located in the vacuoles, cytoplasm, nucleus, proplastid, chloroplast, and mitochondrion of the berry flesh cells. During grape berry development, HXK transcriptional level changed slightly, while cell wall invertase (CWINV) and sucrose synthase (SuSy) expression was enhanced after véraison stage. Intriguingly, when sliced grape berries were incubated in different glucose solutions, CWINV and SuSy expression was repressed by glucose, and the intensity of repression depended on glucose concentration and incubation time. After sliced, grape berries were treated with different glucose analogs, CWINV and SuSy expression analyses revealed that phosphorylation of hexoses by hexokinase was an essential component in the glucose-dependent CWINV and SuSy expression. In the meantime, mannoheptulose, a specific inhibitor of hexokinase, blocked the repression induced by glucose on CWINV and SuSy expression. It suggested that HXK played a major role in regulating CWINV and SuSy expression during grape berry development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X Q Wang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Qinghua East Road No. 17, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China,
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Yim HK, Lee SE, Lim MN, Park M, Hwang YS. The promoter of CBL-interacting protein kinase 15 delivers the interference of sugar regulation by perturbed oxidative phosphorylation. Genes Genomics 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s13258-013-0127-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
21
|
Lim MN, Lee SE, Yim HK, Kim JH, Yoon IS, Hwang YS. Differential anoxic expression of sugar-regulated genes reveals diverse interactions between sugar and anaerobic signaling systems in rice. Mol Cells 2013; 36:169-76. [PMID: 23852132 PMCID: PMC3887949 DOI: 10.1007/s10059-013-0152-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Revised: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction between the dual roles of sugar as a metabolic fuel and a regulatory molecule was unveiled by examining the changes in sugar signaling upon oxygen deprivation, which causes the drastic alteration in the cellular energy status. In our study, the expression of anaerobically induced genes is commonly responsive to sugar, either under the control of hexokinase or non-hexokinase mediated signaling cascades. Only sugar regulation via the hexokinase pathway was susceptible for O2 deficiency or energy deficit conditions evoked by uncoupler. Examination of sugar regulation of those genes under anaerobic conditions revealed the presence of multiple paths underlying anaerobic induction of gene expression in rice, subgrouped into three distinct types. The first of these, which was found in type-1 genes, involved neither sugar regulation nor additional anaerobic induction under anoxia, indicating that anoxic induction is a simple result from the release of sugar repression by O2-deficient conditions. In contrast, type-2 genes also showed no sugar regulation, albeit with enhanced expression under anoxia. Lastly, expression of type-3 genes is highly enhanced with sugar regulation sustained under anoxia. Intriguingly, the inhibition of the mitochondrial ATP synthesis can reproduce expression pattern of a specific set of anaerobically induced genes, implying that rice cells may sense O2 deprivation, partly via perception of the perturbed cellular energy status. Our study of interaction between sugar signaling and anaerobic conditions has revealed that sugar signaling and the cellular energy status are likely to communicate with each other and influence anaerobic induction of gene expression in rice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mi-na Lim
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701,
Korea
| | - Sung-eun Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701,
Korea
| | - Hui-kyeong Yim
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701,
Korea
| | | | | | - Yong-sic Hwang
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701,
Korea
| |
Collapse
|