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Novello G, Bona E, Nasuelli M, Massa N, Sudiro C, Campana DC, Gorrasi S, Hochart ML, Altissimo A, Vuolo F, Gamalero E. The Impact of Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria-Based Biostimulant Alone or in Combination with Commercial Inoculum on Tomato Native Rhizosphere Microbiota and Production: An Open-Field Trial. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:400. [PMID: 38927280 PMCID: PMC11200462 DOI: 10.3390/biology13060400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The agricultural sector is currently encountering significant challenges due to the effects of climate change, leading to negative consequences for crop productivity and global food security. In this context, traditional agricultural practices have been inadequate in addressing the fast-evolving challenges while maintaining environmental sustainability. A possible alternative to traditional agricultural management is represented by using beneficial micro-organisms that, once applied as bioinoculants, may enhance crop resilience and adaptability, thereby mitigating the adverse effects of environmental stressors and boosting productivity. Tomato is one of the most important crops worldwide, playing a central role in the human diet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of a nitrogen-fixing bacterial-based biostimulant (Azospirillum sp., Azotobacter sp., and Rhizobium sp.) in combination or not with a commercial inoculum Micomix (Rhizoglomus irregulare, Funnelliformis mosseae, Funnelliformis caledonium, Bacillus licheniformis, and Bacillus mucilaginosus) (MYC) on the native rhizosphere communities and tomato production. Bacterial populations in the different samples were characterized using an environmental metabarcoding approach. The bioinocula effect on the native rhizosphere microbiota resulted in significant variation both in alpha and beta diversity and in a specific signature associated with the presence of biostimulants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Novello
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica (DISIT), Università del Piemonte Orientale, 15121 Alessandria, Italy; (G.N.); (N.M.); (D.C.C.); (E.G.)
| | - Elisa Bona
- Dipartimento per lo Sviluppo Sostenibile e la Transizione Ecologica (DISSTE), Università del Piemonte Orientale, 13100 Vercelli, Italy;
- Center on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases (CAAD), Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Martina Nasuelli
- Dipartimento per lo Sviluppo Sostenibile e la Transizione Ecologica (DISSTE), Università del Piemonte Orientale, 13100 Vercelli, Italy;
| | - Nadia Massa
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica (DISIT), Università del Piemonte Orientale, 15121 Alessandria, Italy; (G.N.); (N.M.); (D.C.C.); (E.G.)
| | - Cristina Sudiro
- Landlab S.r.l., 36050 Quinto Vicentino, Italy; (C.S.); (M.L.H.); (A.A.)
| | - Daniela Cristina Campana
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica (DISIT), Università del Piemonte Orientale, 15121 Alessandria, Italy; (G.N.); (N.M.); (D.C.C.); (E.G.)
| | - Susanna Gorrasi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Ecologiche e Biologiche, Università degli Studi della Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy;
| | | | - Adriano Altissimo
- Landlab S.r.l., 36050 Quinto Vicentino, Italy; (C.S.); (M.L.H.); (A.A.)
| | | | - Elisa Gamalero
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica (DISIT), Università del Piemonte Orientale, 15121 Alessandria, Italy; (G.N.); (N.M.); (D.C.C.); (E.G.)
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2
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Sun W, Shahrajabian MH, Soleymani A. The Roles of Plant-Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR)-Based Biostimulants for Agricultural Production Systems. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:613. [PMID: 38475460 DOI: 10.3390/plants13050613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
The application of biostimulants has been proven to be an advantageous tool and an appropriate form of management towards the effective use of natural resources, food security, and the beneficial effects on plant growth and yield. Plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are microbes connected with plant roots that can increase plant growth by different methods such as producing plant hormones and molecules to improve plant growth or providing increased mineral nutrition. They can colonize all ecological niches of roots to all stages of crop development, and they can affect plant growth and development directly by modulating plant hormone levels and enhancing nutrient acquisition such as of potassium, phosphorus, nitrogen, and essential minerals, or indirectly via reducing the inhibitory impacts of different pathogens in the forms of biocontrol parameters. Many plant-associated species such as Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Streptomyces, Serratia, Arthrobacter, and Rhodococcus can increase plant growth by improving plant disease resistance, synthesizing growth-stimulating plant hormones, and suppressing pathogenic microorganisms. The application of biostimulants is both an environmentally friendly practice and a promising method that can enhance the sustainability of horticultural and agricultural production systems as well as promote the quantity and quality of foods. They can also reduce the global dependence on hazardous agricultural chemicals. Science Direct, Google Scholar, Springer Link, CAB Direct, Scopus, Springer Link, Taylor and Francis, Web of Science, and Wiley Online Library were checked, and the search was conducted on all manuscript sections in accordance with the terms Acinetobacter, Arthrobacter, Enterobacter, Ochrobactrum, Pseudomonas, Rhodococcus, Serratia, Streptomyces, Biostimulants, Plant growth promoting rhizobactera, and Stenotrophomonas. The aim of this manuscript is to survey the effects of plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria by presenting case studies and successful paradigms in various agricultural and horticultural crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Mohamad Hesam Shahrajabian
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ali Soleymani
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan 81551-39998, Iran
- Plant Improvement and Seed Production Research Center, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan 81551-39998, Iran
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3
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Schillaci M, Zampieri E, Brunetti C, Gori A, Sillo F. Root transcriptomic provides insights on molecular mechanisms involved in the tolerance to water deficit in Pisum sativum inoculated with Pseudomonas sp. PLANTA 2023; 259:33. [PMID: 38160210 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04310-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Root transcriptomics and biochemical analyses in water-stressed Pisum sativum plants inoculated with Pseudomonas spp. suggested preservation of ABA-related pathway and ROS detoxification, resulting in an improved tolerance to stress. Drought already affects agriculture in large areas of the globe and, due to climate change, these areas are predicted to become increasingly unsuitable for agriculture. For several years, plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) have been used to improve legume yields, but many aspects of this interaction are still unclear. To elucidate the mechanisms through which root-associated PGPB can promote plant growth in dry environments, we investigated the response of pea plants inoculated with a potentially beneficial Pseudomonas strain (PK6) and subjected to two different water regimes. Combined biometric, biochemical, and root RNA-seq analyses revealed that PK6 improved pea growth specifically under water deficit, as inoculated plants showed an increased biomass, larger leaves, and longer roots. Abscisic acid (ABA) and proline quantification, together with the transcriptome analysis, suggested that PK6-inoculated plant response to water deficit was more diversified compared to non-inoculated plants, involving alternative metabolic pathways for the detoxification of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the preservation of the ABA stress signaling pathway. We suggest that the metabolic response of PK6-inoculated plants was more effective in their adaptation to water deprivation, leading to their improved biometric traits. Besides confirming the positive role that PGPB can have in the growth of a legume crop under adverse conditions, this study offers novel information on the mechanisms regulating plant-bacteria interaction under varying water availability. These mechanisms and the involved genes could be exploited in the future for the development of legume varieties, which can profitably grow in dry climates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martino Schillaci
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council, Strada delle Cacce 73, Turin, Italy
| | - Elisa Zampieri
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council, Strada delle Cacce 73, Turin, Italy
| | - Cecilia Brunetti
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council, Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Antonella Gori
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Fabiano Sillo
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council, Strada delle Cacce 73, Turin, Italy.
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Burke B, Fan G, Wasuwanich P, Moore EB, Furst AL. Self-Assembled Nanocoatings Protect Microbial Fertilizers for Climate-Resilient Agriculture. JACS AU 2023; 3:2973-2980. [PMID: 38034965 PMCID: PMC10685410 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Chemical fertilizers have been crucial for sustaining the current global population by supplementing overused farmland to support consistent food production, but their use is unsustainable. Pseudomonas chlororaphis is a nitrogen-fixing bacterium that could be used as a fertilizer replacement, but this microbe is delicate. It is sensitive to stressors, such as freeze-drying and high temperatures. Here, we demonstrate protection of P. chlororaphis from freeze-drying, high temperatures (50 oC), and high humidity using self-assembling metal-phenolic network (MPN) coatings. The composition of the MPN is found to significantly impact its protective efficacy, and with optimized compositions, no viability loss is observed for MPN-coated microbes under conditions where uncoated cells do not survive. Further, we demonstrate that MPN-coated microbes improve germination of seeds by 150% as compared to those treated with fresh P. chlororaphis. Taken together, these results demonstrate the protective capabilities of MPNs against environmental stressors and represent a critical step towards enabling the production and storage of delicate microbes under nonideal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Burke
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, United States
| | - Gang Fan
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, United States
| | - Pris Wasuwanich
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, United States
| | - Evan B. Moore
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, United States
| | - Ariel L. Furst
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, United States
- Center for
Environmental Health Sciences, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, United States
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5
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Raio A, Brilli F, Neri L, Baraldi R, Orlando F, Pugliesi C, Chen X, Baccelli I. Stenotrophomonas rhizophila Ep2.2 inhibits growth of Botrytis cinerea through the emission of volatile organic compounds, restricts leaf infection and primes defense genes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1235669. [PMID: 37849842 PMCID: PMC10577304 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1235669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
The bacterium Stenotrophomonas rhizophila is known to be beneficial for plants and has been frequently isolated from the rhizosphere of crops. In the present work, we isolated from the phyllosphere of an ornamental plant an epiphytic strain of S. rhizophila that we named Ep2.2 and investigated its possible application in crop protection. Compared to S. maltophilia LMG 958, a well-known plant beneficial species which behaves as opportunistic human pathogen, S. rhizophila Ep2.2 showed distinctive features, such as different motility, a generally reduced capacity to use carbon sources, a greater sensitivity to fusidic acid and potassium tellurite, and the inability to grow at the human body temperature. S. rhizophila Ep2.2 was able to inhibit in vitro growth of the plant pathogenic fungi Alternaria alternata and Botrytis cinerea through the emission of volatile compounds. Simultaneous PTR-MS and GC-MS analyses revealed the emission, by S. rhizophila Ep2.2, of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with well-documented antifungal activity, such as furans, sulphur-containing compounds and terpenes. When sprayed on tomato leaves and plants, S. rhizophila Ep2.2 was able to restrict B. cinerea infection and to prime the expression of Pti5, GluA and PR1 plant defense genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Raio
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (IPSP), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Florence, Italy
| | - Federico Brilli
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (IPSP), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Florence, Italy
| | - Luisa Neri
- Institute for BioEconomy (IBE), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Bologna, Italy
| | - Rita Baraldi
- Institute for BioEconomy (IBE), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Orlando
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Claudio Pugliesi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Xiaoyulong Chen
- College of Agriculture, College of Tobacco Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ivan Baccelli
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (IPSP), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Florence, Italy
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Zhang D, He J, Cheng P, Zhang Y, Khan A, Wang S, Li Z, Zhao S, Zhan X, Ma F, Li X, Guan Q. 4-methylumbelliferone (4-MU) enhances drought tolerance of apple by regulating rhizosphere microbial diversity and root architecture. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhad099. [PMID: 37427035 PMCID: PMC10327542 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
The dwarfing rootstocks-mediated high-density apple orchard is becoming the main practice management. Currently, dwarfing rootstocks are widely used worldwide, but their shallow root system and drought sensitivity necessitate high irrigation requirements. Here, the root transcriptome and metabolome of dwarfing (M9-T337, a drought-sensitive rootstock) and vigorous rootstocks (Malus sieversii, a drought-tolerant species, is commonly used as a rootstock) showed that a coumarin derivative, 4-Methylumbelliferon (4-MU), was found to accumulate significantly in the roots of vigorous rootstock under drought condition. When exogenous 4-MU was applied to the roots of dwarfing rootstock under drought treatment, the plants displayed increased root biomass, higher root-to-shoot ratio, greater photosynthesis, and elevated water use efficiency. In addition, diversity and structure analysis of the rhizosphere soil microbial community demonstrated that 4-MU treatment increased the relative abundance of putatively beneficial bacteria and fungi. Of these, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Streptomyces, and Chryseolinea bacterial strains and Acremonium, Trichoderma, and Phoma fungal strains known for root growth, or systemic resistance against drought stress, were significantly accumulated in the roots of dwarfing rootstock after 4-MU treatment under drought stress condition. Taken together, we identified a promising compound-4-MU, as a useful tool, to strengthen the drought tolerance of apple dwarfing rootstock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dehui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jieqiang He
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Pengda Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yutian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Abid Khan
- Department of Horticulture, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Pakistan
| | - Shicong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Zhongxing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiangqiang Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xuewei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Qingmei Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
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Ozfidan-Konakci C, Arikan B, Alp-Turgut FN, Balci M, Uysal A, Yildiztugay E. Halotolerant plant growth-promoting bacteria, Bacillus pumilus, modulates water status, chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics and antioxidant balance in salt and/or arsenic-exposed wheat. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 231:116089. [PMID: 37172678 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Seed priming is an effective and novel technique and the use of eco-friendly biological agents improves the physiological functioning in the vegetative stage of plants. This procedure ensures productivity and acquired stress resilience in plants against adverse conditions without contaminating the environment. Though the mechanisms of bio-priming-triggered alterations have been widely explained under induvial stress conditions, the interaction of combined stress conditions on the defense system and the functionality of photosynthetic apparatus in the vegetative stage after the inoculation to seeds has not been fully elucidated. After Bacillus pumilus inoculation to wheat seeds (Triticum aestivum), three-week-old plants were hydroponically exposed to the alone and combination of salt (100 mM NaCl) and 200 μM sodium arsenate (Na2HAsO4·7H2O, As) for 72 h. Salinity and As pollutant resulted in a decline in growth, water content, gas exchange parameters, fluorescence kinetics and performance of photosystem II (PSII). On the other hand, the seed inoculation against stress provided the alleviation of relative growth rate (RGR), relative water content (RWC) and chlorophyll fluorescence. These negative impacts were reversed by B. pumilus inoculation. Since there was no effective antioxidant capacity, As and/or salinity caused induction of H2O2 accumulation and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances content (TBARS) in wheat leaves. The inoculated leaves had high activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) under stress. B. pumilis decreased the NaCl-induced toxic H2O2 levels by increasing peroxidase (POX) and enzymes/non-enzymes related to ascorbate-glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycle. In the presence of As exposure, the inoculated plants exhibited an induction in CAT activity. On the other hand, for H2O2 scavenging, the improvement in the AsA-GSH cycle was observed in bacterium priming plants plus the combined stress treatment. Since B. pumilus inoculation reduced H2O2 levels against all stress treatments, lipid peroxidation subsequently decreased in wheat leaves. The findings obtained from our study explained that the seed inoculation with B. pumilus provided an activation in the defense system and protection in growth, water status, and gas exchange regulation in wheat leaves against the combination of salt and As.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceyda Ozfidan-Konakci
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram, 42090, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Busra Arikan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Selcuklu, 42130, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Fatma Nur Alp-Turgut
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Selcuklu, 42130, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Melike Balci
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Selcuklu, 42130, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Ahmet Uysal
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Selcuk University, Selcuklu, 42130, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Evren Yildiztugay
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Selcuklu, 42130, Konya, Turkey.
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Zhao X, Yuan X, Xing Y, Dao J, Zhao D, Li Y, Li W, Wang Z. A meta-analysis on morphological, physiological and biochemical responses of plants with PGPR inoculation under drought stress. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2023; 46:199-214. [PMID: 36251623 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) can help plants to resist drought stress. However, the mechanisms of how PGPR inoculation affect plant status under drought remain incompletely understood. We performed a meta-analysis of plant response to PGPR inoculation by compiling data from 57 PGPR-inoculation studies, including 2, 387 paired observations on morphological, physiological and biochemical parameters under drought and well-watered conditions. We compare the PGPR effect on plants performances among different groups of controls and treatments. Our results reveal that PGPR enables plants to restore themselves from drought-stressed to near a well-watered state, and that C4 plants recover better from drought stress than C3 plants. Furthermore, PGPR is more effective underdrought than well-watered conditions in increasing plant biomass, enhancing photosynthesis and inhibiting oxidant damage, and the responses of C4 plants to the PGPR effect was stronger than that of C3 plants under drought conditions. Additionally, PGPR belonging to different taxa and PGPR with different functional traits have varying degrees of drought-resistance effects on plants. These results are important to improve our understanding of the PGPR beneficial effects on enhanced drought-resistance of plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Zhao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation & Utilisation of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
- College of Agronomy, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
- College of Agronomy, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Xiaomai Yuan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation & Utilisation of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
- College of Agronomy, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Yuanjun Xing
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation & Utilisation of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
- College of Agronomy, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Jicao Dao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation & Utilisation of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
- College of Agronomy, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Deqiang Zhao
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yuze Li
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Weiwei Li
- College of Agronomy, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Ziting Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation & Utilisation of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
- College of Agronomy, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
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9
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Cortés-Patiño S, Vargas CD, Alvarez-Flórez F, Estrada-Bonilla G. Co-Inoculation of Plant-Growth-Promoting Bacteria Modulates Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Perennial Ryegrass to Water Deficit. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2543. [PMID: 36235409 PMCID: PMC9570635 DOI: 10.3390/plants11192543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Perennial ryegrass is a forage commonly used in temperate regions for livestock feeding; however, its yield is affected by reduced biomass production under water deficit. In a previous study, three co-inoculations of beneficial bacteria were selected based on their ability to promote plant growth under reduced water availability. The aim of this work was to elucidate some mechanisms by which the selected bacteria can help improve the response of perennial ryegrass to water deficit. Ryegrass plants were inoculated with each of the co-inoculations (Herbaspirillum sp. AP02−Herbaspirillum sp. AP21; Herbaspirillum sp. AP02−Pseudomonas sp. N7; Herbaspirillum sp. AP21−Azospirillum brasilense D7) and subjected to water deficit for 10 days. Physiological and biochemical measurements were taken 10 days after stress and shortly after rehydration. The results showed that bacteria had a positive effect on shoot biomass production, dissipation of excess energy, and proline and chlorophyll pigments during the days of water deficit (p < 0.05). The leaf water status of the inoculated plants was 12% higher than that of the uninoculated control after rehydration. Two Herbaspirillum strains showed greater potential for use as biofertilizers that help ameliorate the effects of water deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Cortés-Patiño
- Rothamsted Research, Protection of Crops and the Environment, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, UK
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington LE12 5RD, UK
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Bioquímica Vegetal, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera 45 #26-85, Bogotá 111321, Colombia
| | - Christian D. Vargas
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Bioquímica Vegetal, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera 45 #26-85, Bogotá 111321, Colombia
| | - Fagua Alvarez-Flórez
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Bioquímica Vegetal, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera 45 #26-85, Bogotá 111321, Colombia
| | - German Estrada-Bonilla
- Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria-Agrosavia, Centro de Investigación Tibaitatá, Kilómetro 14 vía Mosquera-Bogotá, Mosquera 250047, Colombia
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10
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Alleviation of Cadmium and Nickel Toxicity and Phyto-Stimulation of Tomato Plant L. by Endophytic Micrococcus luteus and Enterobacter cloacae. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11152018. [PMID: 35956496 PMCID: PMC9370581 DOI: 10.3390/plants11152018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) and nickel (Ni) are two of the most toxic metals, wreaking havoc on human health and agricultural output. Furthermore, high levels of Cd and Ni in the soil environment, particularly in the root zone, may slow plant development, resulting in lower plant biomass. On the other hand, endophytic bacteria offer great promise for reducing Cd and Ni. Moreover, they boost plants’ resistance to heavy metal stress. Different bacterium strains were isolated from tomato roots. These isolates were identified as Micrococcus luteus and Enterobacter cloacae using 16SrDNA and were utilized to investigate their involvement in mitigating the detrimental effects of heavy metal stress. The two bacterial strains can solubilize phosphorus and create phytohormones as well as siderophores. Therefore, the objective of this study was to see how endophytic bacteria (Micrococcus luteus and Enterobactercloacae) affected the mitigation of stress from Cd and Ni in tomato plants grown in 50 μM Cd or Ni-contaminated soil. According to the findings, Cd and Ni considerably lowered growth, biomass, chlorophyll (Chl) content, and photosynthetic properties. Furthermore, the content of proline, phenol, malondialdehyde (MDA), H2O2, OH, O2, the antioxidant defense system, and heavy metal (HM) contents were significantly raised under HM-stress conditions. However, endophytic bacteria greatly improved the resistance of tomato plants to HM stress by boosting enzymatic antioxidant defenses (i.e., catalase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, ascorbate peroxidase, lipoxygenase activity, and nitrate reductase), antioxidant, non-enzymatic defenses, and osmolyte substances such as proline, mineral content, and specific regulatory defense genes. Moreover, the plants treated had a higher value for bioconcentration factor (BCF) and translocation factor (TF) due to more extensive loss of Cd and Ni content from the soil. To summarize, the promotion of endophytic bacterium-induced HM resistance in tomato plants is essentially dependent on the influence of endophytic bacteria on antioxidant capacity and osmoregulation.
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11
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Yaghoubi Khanghahi M, Crecchio C, Verbruggen E. Shifts in the Rhizosphere and Endosphere Colonizing Bacterial Communities Under Drought and Salinity Stress as Affected by a Biofertilizer Consortium. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2022; 84:483-495. [PMID: 34499191 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-021-01856-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The present research asks how plant growth-promoting bacterial (PGPB) inoculants and chemical fertilizers change rhizosphere and root endophytic bacterial communities in durum wheat, and its dependence on environmental stress. A greenhouse experiment was carried out under drought (at 40% field capacity), or salinity (150 mM NaCl) conditions to investigate the effects of a chemical fertilizer (containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and zinc) or a biofertilizer (a bacterial consortium of four PGPBs). High-throughput amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA of the rhizosphere, non-sterilized, or surface-sterilized roots, showed shifts in bacterial communities in response to stress treatments, which were greater for salinity than for drought and tended to show increased oligotrophs relative abundances compared to non-stress controls. The results also showed that Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Gemmatimonadetes, Thaumarchaeota, Firmicutes, and Verrucomicrobia had a higher relative abundance in the rhizosphere, while Actinobacteria were more abundant on roots, while Candidatus_Saccharibacteria and Planctomycetes inside roots. The results indicated that the root endophytic bacterial communities were more affected by (bio-) fertilization treatments than those in the rhizosphere, particularly as affected by PGPB inoculation. This greater susceptibility of endophytes to (bio-) fertilizers was associated with increased abundance of the 16S rRNA and acdS genes in plant roots, especially under stress conditions. These changes in root endophytes, which coincided with an improvement in grain yield and photosynthetic capacity of plants, may be considered as one of the mechanisms by which PGPB affect plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Yaghoubi Khanghahi
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Carmine Crecchio
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Erik Verbruggen
- Plants and Ecosystems Research Group, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium.
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12
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Bacillus subtilis Inoculation Improves Nutrient Uptake and Physiological Activity in Sugarcane under Drought Stress. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10040809. [PMID: 35456859 PMCID: PMC9029642 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10040809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) is one of the most important crops in the world. Throughout the sugarcane’s growth stages, periods of drought are common, causing detrimental effects on plant growth. Therefore, the search for strategies for minimizing the impact of drought on sugarcane development is of great interest. Plant growth-promoting bacteria hold the potential for improving tolerance to drought in agricultural systems. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate whether inoculation with Bacillus subtilis can reduce the negative effects of drought on the nutritional, physiological, and morphological characteristics of sugarcane plants. For this, sugarcane was cultivated in a greenhouse, under controlled conditions of water and temperature, with the aid of four treatments: without and with inoculation of B. subtilis, in normal conditions of water availability, and in conditions of water restriction (2 × 2 factorial), with four replications. In treatments with inoculation, the pre-emerged seedlings were immersed in a B. subtilis solution and transplanted into experimental pots. Our results showed that inoculation with B. subtilis improved plant nutrition and chlorophyll concentrations. As a result, the gas exchange parameters (especially net photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency) were also improved, even under drought conditions. In addition, stress parameters (antioxidant metabolism activity) were reduced in inoculated plants. The sum of these beneficial effects resulted in increased root growth, tillering, stalk weight, and higher sucrose concentration in the stalks.
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13
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Mekureyaw MF, Pandey C, Hennessy RC, Nicolaisen MH, Liu F, Nybroe O, Roitsch T. The cytokinin-producing plant beneficial bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens G20-18 primes tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) for enhanced drought stress responses. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 270:153629. [PMID: 35151004 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are known for exerting beneficial effects on plant growth and tolerance to plant pathogens. However, their specific role in mediating protection against abiotic stress remains underexplored. The aim of this study was to characterise the ability of the cytokinin-producing beneficial bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens G20-18 to enhance tomato growth and boost tolerance to drought stress. Tomato seedlings were root inoculated and their growth and physiological and molecular responses assessed under well-watered conditions and also in response to progressive drought stress and a subsequent recovery period. Root inoculation with G20-18 had a significant positive impact on tomato growth. Furthermore, G20-18 inoculated and drought-stressed plants showed higher leaf chlorophyll and abscisic acid (ABA) content and stomatal closure than non-inoculated controls. Root inoculation also increased the activity of different carbohydrate metabolism enzymes, which are important for root and leaf growth and development in drought stressed plants. A significant increase in the activity of different antioxidant enzymes and total antioxidant capacity correlated with elevated levels of relevant secondary metabolites, such as phenolics, anthocyanins and flavonoids. RNA sequencing revealed distinct qualitative and quantitative differences in gene regulation in response to G20-18. Notably, the number of genes differentially regulated in response to G20-18 was approximately sevenfold higher during drought stress, indicating that root inoculation with the bacteria primed the plants for a much stronger transcriptionally regulated systemic drought stress response. The regulated genes are related to phenylalanine metabolism and other key processes linked to plant growth, development and drought stress resilience. A role of the ability of G20-18 to produce the plant hormone cytokinin for interaction with tomato was established by the cytokinin-deficient biosynthesis mutants CNT1 and CNT2. In comparison with G20-18, the inoculation of plants with CNT1 resulted in a reduced number of differentially regulated genes. The relative change was most prominent under well-watered conditions with a 85 % reduction, corresponding to 462 genes. However, under drought conditions the absolute number of differentially regulated genes was reduced by even 2219 in response to the CNT1 mutant. The relevance of the ability of G20-18 to produce cytokinins for interaction with plants was also evident from differences in growth and specific cell and ecophysiological parameters in response to CNT1 and CNT2. These findings provide novel insights about G20-18's ability to improve drought stress responses and the role of interkingdom signalling by bacterial-derived cytokinins, and contribute to enhance the robustness of the practical application of these microorganisms to improve crop resilience in agricultural production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengistu F Mekureyaw
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Section of Crop Science, Denmark; University of Copenhagen, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Section of Microbial Ecology and Biotechnology, Denmark
| | - Chandana Pandey
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Section of Crop Science, Denmark
| | - Rosanna C Hennessy
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Section of Microbial Ecology and Biotechnology, Denmark
| | - Mette H Nicolaisen
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Section of Microbial Ecology and Biotechnology, Denmark
| | - Fulai Liu
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Section of Crop Science, Denmark
| | - Ole Nybroe
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Section of Microbial Ecology and Biotechnology, Denmark
| | - Thomas Roitsch
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Section of Crop Science, Denmark; Department of Adaptive Biotechnologies, Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.
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14
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González Guzmán M, Cellini F, Fotopoulos V, Balestrini R, Arbona V. New approaches to improve crop tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2022; 174:e13547. [PMID: 34480798 PMCID: PMC9290814 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
During the last years, a great effort has been dedicated at the development and employment of diverse approaches for achieving more stress-tolerant and climate-flexible crops and sustainable yield increases to meet the food and energy demands of the future. The ongoing climate change is in fact leading to more frequent extreme events with a negative impact on food production, such as increased temperatures, drought, and soil salinization as well as invasive arthropod pests and diseases. In this review, diverse "green strategies" (e.g., chemical priming, root-associated microorganisms), and advanced technologies (e.g., genome editing, high-throughput phenotyping) are described on the basis of the most recent research evidence. Particularly, attention has been focused on the potential use in a context of sustainable and climate-smart agriculture (the so called "next agriculture generation") to improve plant tolerance and resilience to abiotic and biotic stresses. In addition, the gap between the results obtained in controlled experiments and those from application of these technologies in real field conditions (lab to field step) is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel González Guzmán
- Departament de Ciències Agràries i del Medi NaturalUniversitat Jaume ICastelló de la PlanaSpain
- The OPTIMUS PRIME consortium, European Union Partnership for Research and Innovation in the Mediterranean Area (PRIMA) Program
| | - Francesco Cellini
- The OPTIMUS PRIME consortium, European Union Partnership for Research and Innovation in the Mediterranean Area (PRIMA) Program
- Agenzia Lucana di Sviluppo e di Innovazione in Agricoltura (ALSIA)MetapontoItaly
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante (CNR, IPSP)TorinoItaly
| | - Vasileios Fotopoulos
- The OPTIMUS PRIME consortium, European Union Partnership for Research and Innovation in the Mediterranean Area (PRIMA) Program
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology & Food ScienceCyprus University of TechnologyLemesosCyprus
| | - Raffaella Balestrini
- The OPTIMUS PRIME consortium, European Union Partnership for Research and Innovation in the Mediterranean Area (PRIMA) Program
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante (CNR, IPSP)TorinoItaly
| | - Vicent Arbona
- Departament de Ciències Agràries i del Medi NaturalUniversitat Jaume ICastelló de la PlanaSpain
- The OPTIMUS PRIME consortium, European Union Partnership for Research and Innovation in the Mediterranean Area (PRIMA) Program
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15
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Wang X, Sale P, Franks A, Jin J, Krohn C, Armstrong R, Tang C. An Insight Into the Effect of Organic Amendments on the Transpiration Efficiency of Wheat Plant in a Sodic Duplex Soil. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:722000. [PMID: 34745159 PMCID: PMC8563830 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.722000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Transpiration efficiency, the shoot biomass produced per unit of transpired water, is generally considered to be a constant property for a given crop in a given environment. To determine whether deep-banded organic amendments affect the transpiration efficiency (TE) of wheat plants and to provide a possible explanation for any changes in the TE, two-column experiments were carried out under controlled environment conditions. A Sodosol soil with physically constrained subsoils and a well-structured Vertosol were subjected to treatments including a control, fertilizer nutrients alone, and fertilizer-enriched organic amendments. The addition of fertilizer-enriched organic amendments in Sodosol consistently increased the canopy TE compared to the control and inorganic fertilizer treatments. The instantaneous TE, at the leaf level, was also increased by the organic-based amendments due to greater reductions in stomatal conductance and transpiration rates during periods of moderate water-deficit stress and the subsequent recovery from this stress. Shoot nitrogen (N) status could not explain the increases in TE following the addition of organic amendments relative to inorganic amendments. The increases in canopy TE were directly associated with increases in the absolute abundance of indigenous Bacillus (R 2 = 0.92, p <0), a well-known genus comprising many strains of plant beneficial rhizobacteria, in subsoil below the amendment band. In contrast, there were no differences in the canopy TE and instantaneous leaf TE between the organic and fertilizer amendments in the Vertosol with a well-structured subsoil. The positive effect of organic amendments on TE in the Sodosol should be attributed to their direct or indirect effect on improving the physical structure or biological properties of the subsoil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Wang
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, AgriBio-Center for the AgriBiosciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Peter Sale
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, AgriBio-Center for the AgriBiosciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Ashley Franks
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- Center for Future Landscapes, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Jian Jin
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, AgriBio-Center for the AgriBiosciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Christian Krohn
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, AgriBio-Center for the AgriBiosciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Roger Armstrong
- Department of Jobs, Precincts & Regions, Grains Innovation Center, Horsham, VIC, Australia
| | - Caixian Tang
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, AgriBio-Center for the AgriBiosciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
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16
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Effects of Abiotic Stress on Soil Microbiome. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22169036. [PMID: 34445742 PMCID: PMC8396473 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22169036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhizospheric organisms have a unique manner of existence since many factors can influence the shape of the microbiome. As we all know, harnessing the interaction between soil microbes and plants is critical for sustainable agriculture and ecosystems. We can achieve sustainable agricultural practice by incorporating plant-microbiome interaction as a positive technology. The contribution of this interaction has piqued the interest of experts, who plan to do more research using beneficial microorganism in order to accomplish this vision. Plants engage in a wide range of interrelationship with soil microorganism, spanning the entire spectrum of ecological potential which can be mutualistic, commensal, neutral, exploitative, or competitive. Mutualistic microorganism found in plant-associated microbial communities assist their host in a number of ways. Many studies have demonstrated that the soil microbiome may provide significant advantages to the host plant. However, various soil conditions (pH, temperature, oxygen, physics-chemistry and moisture), soil environments (drought, submergence, metal toxicity and salinity), plant types/genotype, and agricultural practices may result in distinct microbial composition and characteristics, as well as its mechanism to promote plant development and defence against all these stressors. In this paper, we provide an in-depth overview of how the above factors are able to affect the soil microbial structure and communities and change above and below ground interactions. Future prospects will also be discussed.
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17
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Sofy MR, Aboseidah AA, Heneidak SA, Ahmed HR. ACC deaminase containing endophytic bacteria ameliorate salt stress in Pisum sativum through reduced oxidative damage and induction of antioxidative defense systems. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:40971-40991. [PMID: 33772716 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13585-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Approximately 6% of the world's total land area and 20% of the irrigated land are affected by salt stress. Egypt is one such country affected by salt-stress problems. This paper focuses on the role of isolated bacteria, such as Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens, in alleviating the harmful effects of salt stress. The results show that the irrigation of plants with different concentrations of saline water (0, 75, and 150 mM NaCl) leads to significantly decreased growth criteria, photosynthetic pigments (i.e., chl a, chl b, and carotenoids), and membrane stability index (MSI) values. Moreover, malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione content, endogenous proline, the antioxidant defense system, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) content, ACC synthase (ACS), ACC oxidase (ACO), and Na+ content were significantly increased under NaCl-stress exposure. On the contrary, treatment with endophytic bacteria significantly increased the resistance of pea plants to salt stress by increasing the enzymatic antioxidant defenses (i.e., superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, and glutathione reductase), non-enzymatic antioxidant defenses (i.e., glutathione), osmolyte substances such as proline, and antioxidant enzyme gene expression. As a result, endophytic bacteria's use was significantly higher compared to control values for indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberellic acid GA3, MSI, and photosynthetic pigments. The use of endophytic bacteria significantly decreased Na+ accumulation while, at the same time, promoting K+ uptake. In conclusion, the induction of endophytic bacterium-induced salt tolerance in pea plants depends primarily on the effect of endophytic bacteria on osmoregulation, the antioxidant capacity, and ion uptake adjustment by limiting the uptake of Na+ and, alternatively, increasing the accumulation of K+ in plant tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud R Sofy
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, 11884 Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Akram A Aboseidah
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez, Egypt
| | - Samia A Heneidak
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez, Egypt
| | - Hoda R Ahmed
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez, Egypt
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18
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Raio A, Puopolo G. Pseudomonas chlororaphis metabolites as biocontrol promoters of plant health and improved crop yield. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 37:99. [PMID: 33978868 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03063-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The Pseudomonas fluorescens complex contains at least eight phylogenetic groups and each of these includes several bacterial species sharing ecological and physiological traits. Pseudomonas chlororaphis classified in a separate group is represented by three different subspecies that show distinctive traits exploitable for phytostimulation and biocontrol of phytopathogens. The high level of microbial competitiveness in soil as well as the effectiveness in controlling several plant pathogens and pests can be related to the P. chlororaphis ability to implement different stimulating and toxic mechanisms in its interaction with plants and the other micro- and macroorganisms. Pseudomonas chlororaphis strains produce antibiotics, such as phenazines, pyrrolnitrine, 2-hexyl, 5-propyl resorcinol and hydrogen cyanide, siderophores such as pyoverdine and achromobactine and a complex blend of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that effectively contribute to the control of several plant pathogens, nematodes and insects. Phenazines and some VOCs are also involved in the induction of systemic resistance in plants. This complex set of beneficial strategies explains the high increasing interest in P. chlororaphis for commercial and biotechnological applications. The aim of this review is to highlight the role of the different mechanisms involved in the biocontrol activity of P. chlororaphis strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Raio
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council, Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy.
| | - Gerardo Puopolo
- Center Agriculture Food Environment C3A, University of Trento/Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, TN, Italy.,Department of Sustainable Agro-Ecosystems and Bioresources, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, TN, Italy
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19
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Effects of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria strains producing ACC deaminase on photosynthesis, isoprene emission, ethylene formation and growth of Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC. in response to water deficit. J Biotechnol 2021; 331:53-62. [PMID: 33727083 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Agricultural sustainability is an increasing need considering the challenges posed by climate change and rapid human population growth. The use of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) may represent an excellent, new agriculture practice to improve soil quality while promoting growth and yield of important crop species subjected to water stress conditions. In this study, two PGPR strains with 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylate (ACC) deaminase activity were co-inoculated in velvet bean plants to verify the physiological, biochemical and molecular responses to progressive water stress. The results of our study show that the total biomass and the water use efficiency of inoculated plants were higher than uninoculated plants at the end of the water stress period. These positive effects may be derived from a lower root ACC content (-45 %) in water-stressed inoculated plants than in uninoculated ones resulting in lower root ethylene emission. Furthermore, the ability of inoculated plants to maintain higher levels of both isoprene emission, a priming compound that may help to protect leaves from oxidative damage, and carbon assimilation during water stress progression may indicate the underlining metabolic processes conferring water stress tolerance. Overall, the experimental results show that co-inoculation with ACC deaminase PGPR positively affects tolerance to water deficit, confirming the potential for biotechnological applications in water-stressed agricultural areas.
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20
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Hoshika Y, Brilli F, Baraldi R, Fares S, Carrari E, Zhang L, Badea O, Paoletti E. Ozone impairs the response of isoprene emission to foliar nitrogen and phosphorus in poplar. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 267:115679. [PMID: 33254661 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Tropospheric ozone (O3) impairs physiological processes of plants while nitrogen (N) deposition may cause imbalances in soil N and other nutrients such as phosphorus (P) suggesting an increase of P demand for plants. However, the combined effect of O3, soil N and P on isoprene emission from leaves has never been tested. We therefore examined isoprene emission in leaves of Oxford poplar clone exposed to O3 (ambient, AA [35.0 nmol mol-1 as daily mean]; 1.5 × AA; 2.0 × AA), soil N (0 and 80 kg N ha-1) and soil P (0, 40 and 80 kg P ha-1) in July and September in a Free-Air Controlled Exposure (FACE) facility. We also investigated the response of isoprene emission to foliar N, P and abscisic acid (ABA) contents in September because the 2-C-methylerythritol-5-phosphate (MEP) pathway of isoprenoid biosynthesis produces ABA. We found that O3 increased isoprene emission in July, which was associated to increased dark respiration, suggesting an activation of metabolism against O3 stress as an initial response. However, O3 decreased isoprene emission in September which was associated to reduced net photosynthesis. In September, isoprene emission was positively correlated with leaf N content and negatively correlated with leaf P content in AA. However, no response of isoprene emission to foliar N and P was found in elevated O3, suggesting that the isoprene responses to foliar N and P depended on the O3 exposure levels. Isoprene emission rate in 1.5 × AA and 2.0 × AA increased with increasing leaf ABA content, indicating accelerated senescence of injured leaves to favor new leaf growth when high O3 and nutritional availability in the soil were combined. Even though foliar N and P usually act as a proxy for isoprene emission rate, the impact of recent abiotic factors such as O3 should be always considered for modeling isoprene emission under climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasutomo Hoshika
- Institute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
| | - Federico Brilli
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (IPSP), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Rita Baraldi
- Institute of Bioeconomy (IBE), National Research Council (CNR), Via P. Gobetti 101, I-40129, Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvano Fares
- Institute of Bioeconomy (IBE), National Research Council (CNR), Via dei Taurini 19, 00100, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Carrari
- Institute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Lu Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Changjiang Road 600, 150030, Harbin, China
| | - Ovidiu Badea
- INCDS, 13 Septembrie, Sector 5, 050711, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Elena Paoletti
- Institute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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21
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Liu S, Tian Y, Jia M, Lu X, Yue L, Zhao X, Jin W, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Xie Z, Wang R. Induction of Salt Tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana by Volatiles From Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZB42 via the Jasmonic Acid Signaling Pathway. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:562934. [PMID: 33281760 PMCID: PMC7688926 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.562934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we showed that Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZB42 can confer salt tolerance in plants by root inoculation under salt stress condition, and the FZB42 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) promoted plant growth and development under non-salt stress condition. In the present study, we investigated the mechanism that allows FZB42 VOCs to confer salt tolerance in Arabidopsis without colonization of plant roots. We found that FZB42 VOCs significantly increased the biomass of Arabidopsis and also maintained the leaf chlorophyll content under salt stress condition. Physiological tests showed that the plant anti-oxidation system was activated by FZB42 VOCs, where higher peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were detected in plants exposed to FZB42 VOCs compared with non-exposed plants. In addition, FZB42 VOCs increased the leaf total soluble sugars (TSS) content but decreased the proline content compared with the non-exposed plants. Moreover, FZB42 VOCs significantly decreased the Na+ contents of the whole plants and induced the expression of genes (NHX1; Na+/H+ exchanger 1 and HKT1; high-affinity K+ transporter 1) that function to alleviate Na+ toxicity. Furthermore, analysis of mutants with defects in specific hormone pathways showed that FZB42 VOCs induced salt tolerance in plants by modulating jasmonic acid (JA) signaling, which was confirmed by the up-regulation of JA synthesis, defense-related genes, and JA biosynthesis inhibitor tests. The results of this study provide new insights into the molecular mechanism related to the interactions between plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and plants under salt stress condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaofang Liu
- Gaolan Station of Agricultural and Ecological Experiment, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering of Jiangxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China.,School of Chemistry, Biology, and Materials Science, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, China
| | - Yuan Tian
- Gaolan Station of Agricultural and Ecological Experiment, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Mei Jia
- Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering of Jiangxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiang Lu
- Gaolan Station of Agricultural and Ecological Experiment, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Liang Yue
- Gaolan Station of Agricultural and Ecological Experiment, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Gaolan Station of Agricultural and Ecological Experiment, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Weigen Jin
- School of Chemistry, Biology, and Materials Science, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yubao Zhang
- Gaolan Station of Agricultural and Ecological Experiment, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhongkui Xie
- Gaolan Station of Agricultural and Ecological Experiment, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ruoyu Wang
- Gaolan Station of Agricultural and Ecological Experiment, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
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22
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Raio A, Brilli F, Baraldi R, Neri L, Puopolo G. Impact of spontaneous mutations on physiological traits and biocontrol activity of Pseudomonas chlororaphis M71. Microbiol Res 2020; 239:126517. [PMID: 32535393 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2020.126517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Three morphological mutants (M71a, M71b, M71c) of the antagonist Pseudomonas chlororaphis M71, naturally arose during a biocontrol trial against the phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-lycopersisci. In this study, the three mutants were investigated to elucidate their role in the biocontrol of plant pathogens. M71a and M71b phenotypes were generated by a mutation in the two-component system GacS/GacA. The mutation determined an increase in siderophore production and an impaired ability to release proteases, to swarm, to produce phenazine and AHLs and to colonize tomato roots. In vitro antagonistic activity against different plant pathogens was partially reduced in M71a, while M71b resulted effective only against Pythium ultimum. Biocontrol efficacy against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-lycopersisci, was partially reduced in M71a and completely lost in M71b. M71c phenotype was impaired in swarming motility, did not produce biofilms and its antagonistic activity was similar to the parental M71 strain. M71c showed an enhanced ability to colonize tomato roots, on which its progeny in part reverted to the M71 parental phenotype. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by all four strains, inhibited the growth of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis and Seiridium cardinale in vitro. Real-time screening of VOCs by PTR-MS combined with GC-MS analysis, showed that methanethiol was the main component of the blend produced by all four M71 strains. However, the emissions of hydrogen cyanide, dimethyl disulfide, 1,3-butadiene and acetone were significantly affected by the three different mutations. These findings highlight that the simultaneous presence of different M71 phenotypes may improve, through the integration of different mechanisms, the ecological fitness and biocontrol efficacy of P. chlororaphis M71.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Raio
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy.
| | - Federico Brilli
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Rita Baraldi
- Institute of BioEconomy, National Research Council, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luisa Neri
- Center Agriculture Food Environment (C3A), University of Trento, via E. Mach 1, San Michele all'Adige, 38010, Italy
| | - Gerardo Puopolo
- Department of Sustainable Agro-ecosystems and Bioresources, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, San Michele all'Adige, 38010, Italy
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23
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Saline and Arid Soils: Impact on Bacteria, Plants, and their Interaction. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9060116. [PMID: 32498442 PMCID: PMC7344409 DOI: 10.3390/biology9060116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Salinity and drought are the most important abiotic stresses hampering crop growth and yield. It has been estimated that arid areas cover between 41% and 45% of the total Earth area worldwide. At the same time, the world’s population is going to soon reach 9 billion and the survival of this huge amount of people is dependent on agricultural products. Plants growing in saline/arid soil shows low germination rate, short roots, reduced shoot biomass, and serious impairment of photosynthetic efficiency, thus leading to a substantial loss of crop productivity, resulting in significant economic damage. However, plants should not be considered as single entities, but as a superorganism, or a holobiont, resulting from the intimate interactions occurring between the plant and the associated microbiota. Consequently, it is very complex to define how the plant responds to stress on the basis of the interaction with its associated plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB). This review provides an overview of the physiological mechanisms involved in plant survival in arid and saline soils and aims at describing the interactions occurring between plants and its bacteriome in such perturbed environments. The potential of PGPB in supporting plant survival and fitness in these environmental conditions has been discussed.
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24
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Qu Q, Zhang Z, Peijnenburg WJGM, Liu W, Lu T, Hu B, Chen J, Chen J, Lin Z, Qian H. Rhizosphere Microbiome Assembly and Its Impact on Plant Growth. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:5024-5038. [PMID: 32255613 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c00073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Microorganisms colonizing the plant rhizosphere provide a number of beneficial functions for their host. Although an increasing number of investigations clarified the great functional capabilities of rhizosphere microbial communities, the understanding of the precise mechanisms underlying the impact of rhizosphere microbiome assemblies is still limited. Also, not much is known about the various beneficial functions of the rhizosphere microbiome. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of biotic and abiotic factors that shape the rhizosphere microbiome as well as the rhizosphere microbiome traits that are beneficial to plants growth and disease-resistance. We give particular emphasis on the impact of plant root metabolites on rhizosphere microbiome assemblies and on how the microbiome contributes to plant growth, yield, and disease-resistance. Finally, we introduce a new perspective and a novel method showing how a synthetic microbial community construction provides an effective approach to unravel the plant-microbes and microbes-microbes interplays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Qu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, P.R. China
| | - Zhenyan Zhang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, P.R. China
| | - W J G M Peijnenburg
- Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
- National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Center for Safety of Substances and Products, P.O. Box 1, 3720BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Wanyue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, P.R. China
| | - Tao Lu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, P.R. China
| | - Baolan Hu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China
| | - Jianmeng Chen
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, P.R. China
| | - Jun Chen
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, P.R. China
| | - Zhifen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Haifeng Qian
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, P.R. China
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25
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Proteolytic, Lipolytic and Amylolytic Bacteria Reservoir of Turkey; Cold-Adaptive Bacteria in Detergent Industry. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.14.1.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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26
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Anderson AJ, Kim YC. Insights into plant-beneficial traits of probiotic Pseudomonas chlororaphis isolates. J Med Microbiol 2020; 69:361-371. [DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas chlororaphisisolates have been studied intensively for their beneficial traits.P. chlororaphisspecies function as probiotics in plants and fish, offering plants protection against microbes, nematodes and insects. In this review, we discuss the classification ofP. chlororaphisisolates within four subspecies; the shared traits include the production of coloured antimicrobial phenazines, high sequence identity between housekeeping genes and similar cellular fatty acid composition. The direct antimicrobial, insecticidal and nematocidal effects ofP. chlororaphisisolates are correlated with known metabolites. Other metabolites prime the plants for stress tolerance and participate in microbial cell signalling events and biofilm formation among other things. Formulations ofP. chlororaphisisolates and their metabolites are currently being commercialized for agricultural use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne J. Anderson
- Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, Logan UT84322, USA
| | - Young Cheol Kim
- Department of Applied Biology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
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27
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Liu Y, Yan H, Zhang X, Zhang R, Li M, Xu T, Yang F, Zheng H, Zhao J. Investigating the endophytic bacterial diversity and community structures in seeds of genetically related maize ( Zea mays L.) genotypes. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:27. [PMID: 31950006 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-019-2034-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This research aimed to investigate the composition and diversity of endophytic bacterial community in seeds of four hybrid maize and their parental lines, which was used to reveal the potential relationship and association of endophytic bacteria between maize genotypes and their genetic relevance. High-throughput sequencing (HTS) technology showed that a total of 1419 OTUs (46.6%) were parental lines unique and 1052 OTUs (34.5%) were hybrid varieties unique, with only 575 core OTUs revealed in all the samples. Most OTUs belonged to Proteobacteria. Enterobacter (23.2%), Shigella (21.2%), Pseudomonas (15.8%) and Achromobacter (10.1%) were the major genera; the bacterial community composition and diversity of endophytic bacteria were inconsistent among different seed genotypes. Based on principal component analysis (PCA), the results referred that the endophytic composition of hybrid sample showed obvious correlation with their female parental lines, and in 'Jingke968' and 'MC738' with the same female line the endophytic community was more similar than other hybrid samples. This was the first ever use of HTS technology for investigating the endophytic bacterial diversity and community structures in seeds of genetically related maize genotypes, it was shown that, there were core microbes shared among all genotypes of seed samples, and the female parental line was more significant to impact on the composition of their hybrid seeds than male parental line. This study would provide scientific clues for the future research on the vertical transmission of endophytes among maize generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- 1College of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Hai Yan
- 1College of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Xiaoxia Zhang
- 2Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Collection and Preservation, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Ruyang Zhang
- 3Maize Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097 China
| | - Miao Li
- 1College of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Tianjun Xu
- 3Maize Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097 China
| | - Fuzhen Yang
- 1College of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Huajun Zheng
- 4Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Jiuran Zhao
- 3Maize Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097 China
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28
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Hoshika Y, De Carlo A, Baraldi R, Neri L, Carrari E, Agathokleous E, Zhang L, Fares S, Paoletti E. Ozone-induced impairment of night-time stomatal closure in O 3-sensitive poplar clone is affected by nitrogen but not by phosphorus enrichment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 692:713-722. [PMID: 31539979 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nocturnal transpiration may be a key factor influencing water use in plants. Tropospheric ozone (O3) and availability of nutrients such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in the soil can affect daytime water use through stomata, but the combined effects of O3, N and P on night-time stomatal conductance (gs) are not known. We investigated the effects of O3 and soil availability of N and P on nocturnal gs and the dynamics of stomatal response after leaf severing in an O3-sensitive poplar clone (Oxford) subjected to combined treatments over a growing season in an O3 free air controlled exposure (FACE) facility. The treatments were two soil N levels (0 and 80 kg N ha-1; N0 and N80), three soil P levels (0, 40 and 80 kg P ha-1; P0, P40 and P80) and three O3 levels (ambient concentration, AA [35.0 ppb as hourly mean]; 1.5 × AA; 2.0 × AA). The analysis of stomatal dynamics after leaf severing suggested that O3 impaired stomatal closure execution. As a result, nocturnal gs was increased by 2.0 × AA O3 in August (+39%) and September (+108%). Night-time gs was correlated with POD0 (phytotoxic O3 dose) and increased exponentially after 40 mmol m-2 POD0. Such increase of nocturnal gs was attributed to the emission of ethylene due to 2.0 × AA O3 exposure, while foliar abscisic acid (ABA) or indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) did not affect gs at night. Interestingly, the O3-induced stomatal opening at night was limited by N treatments in August, but not limited in September. Phosphorus decreased nocturnal gs, although P did not modify the O3-induced stomatal dysfunction. The results suggest that the increased nocturnal gs may be associated with a need to improve N acquisition to cope with O3 stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasutomo Hoshika
- Istituto di Ricerca sugli Ecosistemi Terrestri (IRET), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
| | - Anna De Carlo
- Istituto di Bioeconomia (IBE), National Research Council (CNR), via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Rita Baraldi
- Istituto di Bioeconomia (IBE), National Research Council (CNR), Via P. Gobetti, 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Luisa Neri
- Istituto di Bioeconomia (IBE), National Research Council (CNR), Via P. Gobetti, 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Carrari
- Istituto di Ricerca sugli Ecosistemi Terrestri (IRET), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Evgenios Agathokleous
- Institute of Ecology, Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology (NUIST), Nanjing, Jiangsu 210044, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Changjiang Road 600, 150030 Harbin, China
| | - Silvano Fares
- Research Centre for Forestry and Wood, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Roma, Italy
| | - Elena Paoletti
- Istituto di Ricerca sugli Ecosistemi Terrestri (IRET), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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29
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Zhang Y, Li T, Liu Y, Li X, Zhang C, Feng Z, Peng X, Li Z, Qin S, Xing K. Volatile Organic Compounds Produced by Pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp. aureofaciens SPS-41 as Biological Fumigants To Control Ceratocystis fimbriata in Postharvest Sweet Potatoes. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:3702-3710. [PMID: 30860830 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The biocontrol activity and chemical composition of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by Pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp. aureofaciens SPS-41 were investigated. The VOCs inhibited mycelial growth and spore germination in Ceratocystis fimbriata, which causes black rot disease in sweet potato tuber roots (TRs) and showed wide-spectrum antifungal activity against several plant pathogenic fungi. A microscopic examination of C. fimbriata cells suggested morphological changes and a loss of cellular contents. Different inoculation strategies significantly affected the antifungal activity of the VOCs. In the volatile profile of SPS-41, the most abundant compound, 3-methyl-1-butanol, followed by phenylethyl alcohol and 2-methyl-1-butanol showed strong inhibition toward C. fimbriata. The weight loss rate and disease severity of the TRs were significantly reduced in response to the VOCs emitted by SPS-41. The results suggest that the VOCs produced by P. chlororaphis subsp. aureofaciens SPS-41 might constitute an attractive biological fumigant for controlling black rot disease in sweet potato TRs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xiaoyan Li
- College of Life Sciences , Northeast Forestry University , Harbin 150040 , Heilongjiang , P.R. China
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