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Amatto IVDS, Simões FADO, Garzon NGDR, Marciano CL, Silva RRD, Cabral H. Response of Fusarium oxysporum soil isolate to amphotericin B and fluconazole at the proteomic level. Braz J Microbiol 2024:10.1007/s42770-024-01417-8. [PMID: 38954219 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01417-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Fusarium oxysporum is a cross-kingdom pathogen that infects humans, animals, and plants. The primary concern regarding this genus revolves around its resistance profile to multiple classes of antifungals, particularly azoles. However, the resistance mechanism employed by Fusarium spp. is not fully understood, thus necessitating further studies to enhance our understanding and to guide future research towards identifying new drug targets. Here, we employed an untargeted proteomic approach to assess the differentially expressed proteins in a soil isolate of Fusarium oxysporum URM7401 cultivated in the presence of amphotericin B and fluconazole. In response to antifungals, URM7401 activated diverse interconnected pathways, such as proteins involved in oxidative stress response, proteolysis, and lipid metabolism. Efflux proteins, antioxidative enzymes and M35 metallopeptidase were highly expressed under amphotericin B exposure. Antioxidant proteins acting on toxic lipids, along with proteins involved in lipid metabolism, were expressed during fluconazole exposure. In summary, this work describes the protein profile of a resistant Fusarium oxysporum soil isolate exposed to medical antifungals, paving the way for further targeted research and discovering new drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- I V da S Amatto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - F A de O Simões
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - N G da R Garzon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - C L Marciano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - R R da Silva
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - H Cabral
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
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Hernando AV, Sun W, Abitbol T. "You Are What You Eat": How Fungal Adaptation Can Be Leveraged toward Myco-Material Properties. GLOBAL CHALLENGES (HOBOKEN, NJ) 2024; 8:2300140. [PMID: 38486929 PMCID: PMC10935908 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202300140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Fungi adapt to their surroundings, modifying their behaviors and composition under different conditions like nutrient availability and environmental stress. This perspective examines how a basic understanding of fungal genetics and the different ways that fungi can be influenced by their surroundings can be leveraged toward the production of functional mycelium materials. Simply put, within the constraints of a given genetic script, both the quality and quantity of fungal mycelium are shaped by what they eat and where they grow. These two levers, encompassing their global growth environment, can be turned toward different materials outcomes. The final properties of myco-materials are thus intimately shaped by the conditions of their growth, enabling the design of new biobased and biodegradable material constructions for applications that have traditionally relied on petroleum-based chemicals.This perspective highlights aspects of fungal genetics and environmental adaptation that have potential materials science implications, along the way touching on key studies, both to situate the state of the art within the field and to punctuate the viewpoints of the authors. Finally, this work ends with future perspectives, reinforcing key topics deemed important to consider in emerging myco-materials research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Vivas Hernando
- Institute of Materials (IMX)École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)Lausanne1015Switzerland
| | - Wenjing Sun
- Institute of Materials (IMX)École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)Lausanne1015Switzerland
| | - Tiffany Abitbol
- Institute of Materials (IMX)École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)Lausanne1015Switzerland
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Batool W, Liu C, Fan X, Zhang P, Hu Y, Wei Y, Zhang SH. AGC/AKT Protein Kinase SCH9 Is Critical to Pathogenic Development and Overwintering Survival in Magnaporthe oryzae. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8080810. [PMID: 36012798 PMCID: PMC9410157 DOI: 10.3390/jof8080810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary inoculum that survives overwintering is one of the key factors that determine the outbreak of plant disease. Pathogenic resting structures, such as chlamydospores, are an ideal inoculum for plant disease. Puzzlingly, Magnaporthe oryzae, a devastating fungal pathogen responsible for blast disease in rice, hardly form any morphologically changed resting structures, and we hypothesize that M. oryzae mainly relies on its physiological alteration to survive overwintering or other harsh environments. However, little progress on research into regulatory genes that facilitate the overwintering of rice blast pathogens has been made so far. Serine threonine protein kinase AGC/AKT, MoSch9, plays an important role in the spore-mediated pathogenesis of M. oryzae. Building on this finding, we discovered that in genetic and biological terms, MoSch9 plays a critical role in conidiophore stalk formation, hyphal-mediated pathogenesis, cold stress tolerance, and overwintering survival of M. oryzae. We discovered that the formation of conidiophore stalks and disease propagation using spores was severely compromised in the mutant strains, whereas hyphal-mediated pathogenesis and the root infection capability of M. oryzae were completely eradicated due to MoSch9 deleted mutants’ inability to form an appressorium-like structure. Most importantly, the functional and transcriptomic study of wild-type and MoSch9 mutant strains showed that MoSch9 plays a regulatory role in cold stress tolerance of M. oryzae through the transcription regulation of secondary metabolite synthesis, ATP hydrolyzing, and cell wall integrity proteins during osmotic stress and cold temperatures. From these results, we conclude that MoSch9 is essential for fungal infection-related morphogenesis and overwintering of M. oryzae.
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Secondary Metabolism Gene Clusters Exhibit Increasingly Dynamic and Differential Expression during Asexual Growth, Conidiation, and Sexual Development in Neurospora crassa. mSystems 2022; 7:e0023222. [PMID: 35638725 PMCID: PMC9239088 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00232-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Secondary metabolite clusters (SMCs) encode the machinery for fungal toxin production. However, understanding their function and analyzing their products requires investigation of the developmental and environmental conditions in which they are expressed. Gene expression is often restricted to specific and unexamined stages of the life cycle. Therefore, we applied comparative genomics analyses to identify SMCs in Neurospora crassa and analyzed extensive transcriptomic data spanning nine independent experiments from diverse developmental and environmental conditions to reveal their life cycle-specific gene expression patterns. We reported 20 SMCs comprising 177 genes-a manageable set for investigation of the roles of SMCs across the life cycle of the fungal model N. crassa-as well as gene sets coordinately expressed in 18 predicted SMCs during asexual and sexual growth under three nutritional and two temperature conditions. Divergent activity of SMCs between asexual and sexual development was reported. Of 126 SMC genes that we examined for knockout phenotypes, al-2 and al-3 exhibited phenotypes in asexual growth and conidiation, whereas os-5, poi-2, and pmd-1 exhibited phenotypes in sexual development. SMCs with annotated function in mating and crossing were actively regulated during the switch between asexual and sexual growth. Our discoveries call for attention to roles that SMCs may play in the regulatory switches controlling mode of development, as well as the ecological associations of those developmental stages that may influence expression of SMCs. IMPORTANCE Secondary metabolites (SMs) are low-molecular-weight compounds that often mediate interactions between fungi and their environments. Fungi enriched with SMs are of significant research interest to agriculture and medicine, especially from the aspects of pathogen ecology and environmental epidemiology. However, SM clusters (SMCs) that have been predicted by comparative genomics alone have typically been poorly defined and insufficiently functionally annotated. Therefore, we have investigated coordinate expression in SMCs in the model system N. crassa, and our results suggest that SMCs respond to environmental signals and to stress that are associated with development. This study examined SMC regulation at the level of RNA to integrate observations and knowledge of these genes in various growth and development conditions, supporting combining comparative genomics and inclusive transcriptomics to improve computational annotation of SMCs. Our findings call for detailed study of the function of SMCs during the asexual-sexual switch, a key, often-overlooked developmental stage.
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Cai S, Shen Q, Huang Y, Han Z, Wu D, Chen Z, Nevo E, Zhang G. Multi-Omics Analysis Reveals the Mechanism Underlying the Edaphic Adaptation in Wild Barley at Evolution Slope (Tabigha). ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2101374. [PMID: 34390227 PMCID: PMC8529432 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202101374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
At the microsite "Evolution Slope", Tabigha, Israel, wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum) populations adapted to dry Terra Rossa soil, and its derivative abutting wild barley population adapted to moist and fungi-rich Basalt soil. However, the mechanisms underlying the edaphic adaptation remain elusive. Accordingly, whole genome bisulfite sequencing, RNA-sequencing, and metabolome analysis are performed on ten wild barley accessions inhabiting Terra Rossa and Basalt soil. A total of 121 433 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) and 10 478 DMR-genes are identified between the two wild barley populations. DMR-genes in CG context (CG-DMR-genes) are enriched in the pathways related with the fundamental processes, and DMR-genes in CHH context (CHH-DMR-genes) are mainly associated with defense response. Transcriptome and metabolome analysis reveal that the primary and secondary metabolisms are more active in Terra Rossa and Basalt wild barley populations, respectively. Multi-omics analysis indicate that sugar metabolism facilitates the adaptation of wild barley to dry Terra Rossa soil, whereas the enhancement of phenylpropanoid/phenolamide biosynthesis is beneficial for wild barley to inhabit moist and fungi pathogen-rich Basalt soil. The current results make a deep insight into edaphic adaptation of wild barley and provide elite genetic and epigenetic resources for developing barley with high abiotic stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengguan Cai
- College of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
| | - Qiufang Shen
- College of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
| | - Yuqing Huang
- College of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
- Institute of Crop ScienceHangzhou Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou310024China
| | - Zhigang Han
- College of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
| | - Dezhi Wu
- College of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
| | - Zhong‐Hua Chen
- School of ScienceWestern Sydney UniversityPenrithNSW2751Australia
- Hawkesbury Institute for the EnvironmentWestern Sydney UniversityPenrithNSW2751Australia
| | - Eviatar Nevo
- Institute of EvolutionUniversity of HaifaMount CarmelHaifa34988384Israel
| | - Guoping Zhang
- College of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
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Abu Bakar N, Lau Yii Chung B, Smykla J, Karsani SA, Alias SA. Protein homeostasis, regulation of energy production and activation of DNA damage-repair pathways are involved in the heat stress response of Pseudogymnoascus spp. Environ Microbiol 2021; 24:1849-1864. [PMID: 34528369 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Proteome changes can be used as an instrument to measure the effects of climate change, predict the possible future state of an ecosystem and the direction in which is headed. In this study, proteomic and GO functional enrichment analysis of six Pseudogymnoascus spp. isolated from various global biogeographical regions were carried out to determine their response to heat stress. In total, 2,122 proteins were identified with high confidence. Comparative quantitative analysis showed that changes in proteome profiles varied greatly between isolates from different biogeographical regions. Although the identities of the proteins that changed varied between the different regions, the functions they governed were similar. Gene Ontology analysis showed enrichment of proteins involved in multiple protective mechanisms, including the modulation of protein homeostasis, regulation of energy production, and activation of DNA damage and repair pathways. Our proteomic analysis did not show any clear relationship between protein changes and the strains' biogeographical origins. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurlizah Abu Bakar
- Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, C308, Institute of Advanced Studies Building, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,National Antarctic Research Centre, B303, Institute of Advanced Studies Building, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Benjamin Lau Yii Chung
- Advanced Biotechnology and Breeding Centre, Malaysian Palm Oil Board, No. 6, Persiaran Institusi, Bandar Baru Bangi, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jerzy Smykla
- Department of Biodiversity, Institute of Nature Conservation Polish Academy of Sciences, Mickiewicza 33, 31-120 Krakow, Poland
| | - Saiful Anuar Karsani
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siti Aisyah Alias
- Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, C308, Institute of Advanced Studies Building, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,National Antarctic Research Centre, B303, Institute of Advanced Studies Building, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Freitas DF, da Rocha IM, Vieira-da-Motta O, de Paula Santos C. The Role of Melanin in the Biology and Ecology of Nematophagous Fungi. J Chem Ecol 2021; 47:597-613. [PMID: 34232439 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-021-01282-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Melanin is a heteropolymer formed by the polymerization of phenolic and indolic compounds. It occurs in organisms across all biological kingdoms and has a range different of functions, thus indicating its important evolutionary role. The presence of melanin offers several protective advantages, including against ultraviolet radiation, traumatic damage, oxidative stress, extreme temperatures, and pressure. For many species of fungi, melanin also participates directly in the process of virulence and pathogenicity. These organisms can synthesize melanin in two main ways: using a substrate of endogenous origin, involving 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN); alternatively, in an exogenous manner with the addition of L-3, 4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA or levodopa). As melanin is an amorphous and complex substance, its study requires expensive and inaccessible technologies and analyses are often difficult to perform with conventional biochemical techniques. As such, details about its chemical structure are not yet fully understood, particularly for nematophagous fungi that remain poorly studied. Thus, this review presents an overview of the different types of melanin, with an emphasis on fungi, and discusses the role of melanin in the biology and ecology of nematophagous fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deivid França Freitas
- Laboratory of Cellular and Tissue Biology-LBCT, State University of the North Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro-UENF, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000, Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Cep. 28013‑600, Brazil
| | - Izabelli Martins da Rocha
- Laboratory of Cellular and Tissue Biology-LBCT, State University of the North Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro-UENF, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000, Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Cep. 28013‑600, Brazil
| | - Olney Vieira-da-Motta
- Animal Health Laboratory - Infectious Contagious Diseases Sector, State University of North Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro-UENF, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000, Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Cep. 28013‑600, Brazil
| | - Clóvis de Paula Santos
- Laboratory of Cellular and Tissue Biology-LBCT, State University of the North Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro-UENF, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000, Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Cep. 28013‑600, Brazil.
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Geetha N, Bhavya G, Abhijith P, Shekhar R, Dayananda K, Jogaiah S. Insights into nanomycoremediation: Secretomics and mycogenic biopolymer nanocomposites for heavy metal detoxification. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 409:124541. [PMID: 33223321 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Our environment thrives on the subtle balance achieved by the forever cyclical nature of building and rebuilding life through natural processes. Fungi, being the evident armor of bioremediation, is the indispensable element of the soil food web, contribute to be the nature's most dynamic arsenal with non-specific enzymes like peroxidase (POX), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), non-enzymatic compounds like thiol (-SH) groups and non-protein compounds such as glutathione (GSH) and metallothionein (MT). Recently, the area of nanomycoremediation has been gaining momentum as a powerful tool for environmental clean-up strategies with its ability to detoxify heavy metals with its unique characteristics to adapt mechanisms such as biosorption, bioconversion, and biodegradation to harmless end products. The insight into the elaborate secretomic processes provides us with huge opportunities for creating a magnificent living bioremediation apparatus. This review discusses the scope and recent advances in the lesser understood area, nanomycoremediation, the state-of-the-art, innovative, cost-effective and promising tool for detoxification of heavy metal pollutants and focuses on the metabolic capabilities and secretomics with nanobiotechnological interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagaraja Geetha
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru 570006, Karnataka, India
| | - Gurulingaiah Bhavya
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru 570006, Karnataka, India
| | - Padukana Abhijith
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru 570006, Karnataka, India
| | - Ravikant Shekhar
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru 570006, Karnataka, India
| | - Karigowda Dayananda
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru 570006, Karnataka, India
| | - Sudisha Jogaiah
- Laboratory of Plant Healthcare and Diagnostics, P.G. Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, Karnataka, India.
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Muggia L, Ametrano CG, Sterflinger K, Tesei D. An Overview of Genomics, Phylogenomics and Proteomics Approaches in Ascomycota. Life (Basel) 2020; 10:E356. [PMID: 33348904 PMCID: PMC7765829 DOI: 10.3390/life10120356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungi are among the most successful eukaryotes on Earth: they have evolved strategies to survive in the most diverse environments and stressful conditions and have been selected and exploited for multiple aims by humans. The characteristic features intrinsic of Fungi have required evolutionary changes and adaptations at deep molecular levels. Omics approaches, nowadays including genomics, metagenomics, phylogenomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, and proteomics have enormously advanced the way to understand fungal diversity at diverse taxonomic levels, under changeable conditions and in still under-investigated environments. These approaches can be applied both on environmental communities and on individual organisms, either in nature or in axenic culture and have led the traditional morphology-based fungal systematic to increasingly implement molecular-based approaches. The advent of next-generation sequencing technologies was key to boost advances in fungal genomics and proteomics research. Much effort has also been directed towards the development of methodologies for optimal genomic DNA and protein extraction and separation. To date, the amount of proteomics investigations in Ascomycetes exceeds those carried out in any other fungal group. This is primarily due to the preponderance of their involvement in plant and animal diseases and multiple industrial applications, and therefore the need to understand the biological basis of the infectious process to develop mechanisms for biologic control, as well as to detect key proteins with roles in stress survival. Here we chose to present an overview as much comprehensive as possible of the major advances, mainly of the past decade, in the fields of genomics (including phylogenomics) and proteomics of Ascomycota, focusing particularly on those reporting on opportunistic pathogenic, extremophilic, polyextremotolerant and lichenized fungi. We also present a review of the mostly used genome sequencing technologies and methods for DNA sequence and protein analyses applied so far for fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Muggia
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Claudio G. Ametrano
- Grainger Bioinformatics Center, Department of Science and Education, The Field Museum, Chicago, IL 60605, USA;
| | - Katja Sterflinger
- Academy of Fine Arts Vienna, Institute of Natual Sciences and Technology in the Arts, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Donatella Tesei
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria;
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Abu Bakar N, Karsani SA, Alias SA. Fungal survival under temperature stress: a proteomic perspective. PeerJ 2020; 8:e10423. [PMID: 33362961 PMCID: PMC7747687 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increases in knowledge of climate change generally, and its impact on agricultural industries specifically, have led to a greater research effort aimed at improving understanding of the role of fungi in various fields. Fungi play a key role in soil ecosystems as the primary agent of decomposition, recycling of organic nutrients. Fungi also include important pathogens of plants, insects, bacteria, domestic animals and humans, thus highlighting their importance in many contexts. Temperature directly affects fungal growth and protein dynamics, which ultimately will cascade through to affect crop performance. To study changes in the global protein complement of fungi, proteomic approaches have been used to examine links between temperature stress and fungal proteomic profiles. SURVEY METHODOLOGY AND OBJECTIVES A traditional rather than a systematic review approach was taken to focus on fungal responses to temperature stress elucidated using proteomic approaches. The effects of temperature stress on fungal metabolic pathways and, in particular, heat shock proteins (HSPs) are discussed. The objective of this review is to provide an overview of the effects of temperature stress on fungal proteomes. CONCLUDING REMARKS Elucidating fungal proteomic response under temperature stress is useful in the context of increasing understanding of fungal sensitivity and resilience to the challenges posed by contemporary climate change processes. Although useful, a more thorough work is needed such as combining data from multiple -omics platforms in order to develop deeper understanding of the factor influencing and controlling cell physiology. This information can be beneficial to identify potential biomarkers for monitoring environmental changes in soil, including the agricultural ecosystems vital to human society and economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurlizah Abu Bakar
- Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- National Antarctic Research Centre, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Saiful Anuar Karsani
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siti Aisyah Alias
- Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- National Antarctic Research Centre, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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11
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Lighting Conditions Influence the Dynamics of Protease Synthesis and Proteasomal Activity in the White Rot Fungus Cerrena unicolor. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10091322. [PMID: 32942733 PMCID: PMC7565922 DOI: 10.3390/biom10091322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent transcriptomic and biochemical studies have revealed that light influences the global gene expression profile and metabolism of the white-rot fungus Cerrena unicolor. Here, we aimed to reveal the involvement of proteases and ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis by the 26S proteasome in the response of this fungus to white, red, blue and green lighting conditions and darkness. The changes in the expression profile of C. unicolor genes putatively engaged in proteolysis were found to be unique and specific to the applied wavelength of light. It was also demonstrated that the activity of proteases in the culture fluid and mycelium measured using natural and synthetic substrates was regulated by light and was substrate-dependent. A clear influence of light on protein turnover and the qualitative and quantitative changes in the hydrolytic degradation of proteins catalyzed by various types of proteases was shown. The analysis of activity associated with the 26S proteasome showed a key role of ATP-dependent proteolysis in the initial stages of adaptation of fungal cells to the stress factors. It was suggested that the light-sensing pathways in C. unicolor are cross-linked with stress signaling and secretion of proteases presumably serving as regulatory molecules.
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12
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de Souza AF, Galindo HM, de Lima MAB, Ribeaux DR, Rodríguez DM, da Silva Andrade RF, Gusmão NB, de Campos-Takaki GM. Biotechnological Strategies for Chitosan Production by Mucoralean Strains and Dimorphism Using Renewable Substrates. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124286. [PMID: 32560213 PMCID: PMC7352823 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the influence of corn steep liquor (CSL) and cassava waste water (CWW) as carbon and nitrogen sources on the morphology and production of biomass and chitosan by Mucor subtilissimus UCP 1262 and Lichtheimia hyalospora UCP 1266. The highest biomass yields of 4.832 g/L (M. subtilissimus UCP 1262) and 6.345 g/L (L. hyalospora UCP 1266) were produced in assay 2 (6% CSL and 4% CWW), factorial design 22, and also favored higher chitosan production (32.471 mg/g) for M. subtilissimus. The highest chitosan production (44.91 mg/g) by L. hyalospora (UCP 1266) was obtained at the central point (4% of CWW and 6% of CSL). The statistical analysis, the higher concentration of CSL, and lower concentration of CWW significantly contributed to the growth of the strains. The FTIR bands confirmed the deacetylation degree of 80.29% and 83.61% of the chitosan produced by M. subtilissimus (UCP 1262) and L. hyalospora (UCP 1266), respectively. M. subtilissimus (UCP 1262) showed dimorphism in assay 4–6% CSL and 8% CWW and central point. L. hyalospora (UCP 1266) was optimized using a central composite rotational design, and the highest yield of chitosan (63.18 mg/g) was obtained in medium containing 8.82% CSL and 7% CWW. The experimental data suggest that the use of CSL and CWW is a promising association to chitosan production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Ferreira de Souza
- Biotechnology Post-Graduation Program, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife-PE 52171-900, Brazil;
| | - Hugo Marques Galindo
- Fungal Biology Post-Graduation Program, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-PE 50670-420, Brazil;
| | | | - Daylin Rubio Ribeaux
- Biological Sciences Post-Graduation Program, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-PE 50670-420, Brazil;
| | - Dayana Montero Rodríguez
- Post-Doctorate National Program-CAPES, Catholic University of Pernambuco, Recife-PE 50050-900, Brazil; (D.M.R.); (R.F.d.S.A.)
| | | | - Norma Buarque Gusmão
- Department of Antibiotics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-PE 50670-901, Brazil;
| | - Galba Maria de Campos-Takaki
- Nucleus of Research in Environmental Sciences and Biotechnology, Catholic University of Pernambuco, Pernambuco 50050-590, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +51-81-2119-4044; Fax: +55-81-2119-4043
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Morales-Amparano MB, Ramos-Clamont Montfort G, Baqueiro-Peña I, Robles-Burgueño MDR, Vázquez-Moreno L, Huerta-Ocampo JÁ. Proteomic response of Saccharomyces boulardii to simulated gastrointestinal conditions and encapsulation. Food Sci Biotechnol 2019; 28:831-840. [PMID: 31093441 PMCID: PMC6484100 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-018-0508-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are live microorganisms conferring health benefits when administered in adequate amounts. However, the passage through the gastrointestinal tract represents a challenge due to pH variations, proteases, and bile salts. This study aimed to evaluate the proteomic response of Saccharomyces boulardii to simulated gastrointestinal digestion and the influence of encapsulation on yeast viability. Different pH values and time periods simulating the passage through different sections of the gastrointestinal tract were applied to unencapsulated and encapsulated yeasts. Encapsulation in 0.5% calcium alginate did not improve yeast survival or induce changes in protein patterns whereas protein extracts from control and digested yeasts showed remarkable differences when separated by SDS-PAGE. Protein bands were analyzed by tandem mass spectrometry. Protein identification revealed unique proteins that changed acutely in abundance after simulated digestion. Carbohydrate metabolism, protein processing, and oxide-reduction were the biological processes most affected by simulated gastrointestinal digestion in S. boulardii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Beatriz Morales-Amparano
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C., Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas No. 46, Apartado Postal 1735, 83304 Hermosillo, Sonora Mexico
| | - Gabriela Ramos-Clamont Montfort
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C., Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas No. 46, Apartado Postal 1735, 83304 Hermosillo, Sonora Mexico
| | - Itzamná Baqueiro-Peña
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C., Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas No. 46, Apartado Postal 1735, 83304 Hermosillo, Sonora Mexico
| | - María del Refugio Robles-Burgueño
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C., Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas No. 46, Apartado Postal 1735, 83304 Hermosillo, Sonora Mexico
| | - Luz Vázquez-Moreno
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C., Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas No. 46, Apartado Postal 1735, 83304 Hermosillo, Sonora Mexico
| | - José Ángel Huerta-Ocampo
- CONACYT-Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas No. 46, Apartado Postal 1735, 83304 Hermosillo, Sonora Mexico
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14
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Tian JL, Ren A, Wang T, Zhu J, Hu YR, Shi L, Yu HS, Zhao MW. Hydrogen sulfide, a novel small molecule signalling agent, participates in the regulation of ganoderic acids biosynthesis induced by heat stress in Ganoderma lucidum. Fungal Genet Biol 2019; 130:19-30. [PMID: 31028914 DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2019.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), an emerging small-molecule signalling agent, was recently shown to play a significant role in many physiological processes, but relatively few studies have been conducted on microorganisms compared with mammals and plants. By studying the pretreatment of H2S donor sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) and the scavenger hypotaurine (HT) and Cystathionine β-synthase silenced strains, we found that H2S could alleviate the HS-induced ganoderic acids (GAs) biosynthesis. Our transcriptome results also showed that many signaling pathways and metabolic pathways, such as the glycolysis, TCA, oxidative phosphorylation and pentose phosphate pathway, are influenced by H2S. Further experimental results indicated that H2S could affect the physiological process of Ganoderma lucidum by interacting with multiple signals, including ROS, NO, AMPK, sphingolipid, mTOR, phospholipase D and MAPK, and physiological and pharmacological analyses showed that H2S might alleviate the biosynthesis of GAs by inhibiting the intracellular calcium in G. lucidum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Long Tian
- Microbiology Department, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Ang Ren
- Microbiology Department, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Ting Wang
- Microbiology Department, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Microbiology Department, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yan-Ru Hu
- Microbiology Department, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Liang Shi
- Microbiology Department, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Han-Shou Yu
- Microbiology Department, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Ming-Wen Zhao
- Microbiology Department, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, PR China.
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Argentilactone Molecular Targets in Paracoccidioides brasiliensis Identified by Chemoproteomics. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2018; 62:AAC.00737-18. [PMID: 30150478 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00737-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is the cause of many deaths from systemic mycoses. The etiological agents of PCM belong to the Paracoccidioides genus, which is restricted to Latin America. The infection is acquired through the inhalation of conidia that primarily lodge in the lungs and may disseminate to other organs and tissues. The treatment for PCM is commonly performed via the administration of antifungals such as amphotericin B, co-trimoxazole, and itraconazole. The antifungal toxicity and side effects, in addition to their long treatment times, have stimulated research for new bioactive compounds. Argentilactone is a compound that was isolated from the Brazilian savanna plant Hyptis ovalifolia, and it has been suggested to be a potent antifungal, inhibiting the dimorphism of P. brasiliensis and the enzymatic activity of isocitrate lyase, a key enzyme of the glyoxylate cycle. This work was developed due to the importance of elucidating the putative mode of action of argentilactone. The chemoproteomics approach via affinity chromatography was the methodology used to explore the interactions between P. brasiliensis proteins and argentilactone. A total of 109 proteins were identified and classified functionally. The most representative functional categories were related to amino acid metabolism, energy, and detoxification. Argentilactone inhibited the enzymatic activity of malate dehydrogenase, citrate synthase, and pyruvate dehydrogenase. Furthermore, argentilactone induces the production of reactive oxygen species and inhibits the biosynthesis of cell wall polymers.
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16
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Brancini GTP, Rodrigues GB, Rambaldi MDSL, Izumi C, Yatsuda AP, Wainwright M, Rosa JC, Braga GÚL. The effects of photodynamic treatment with new methylene blue N on the Candida albicans proteome. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2018; 15:1503-1513. [PMID: 27830217 DOI: 10.1039/c6pp00257a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Candida albicans is a human pathogenic fungus mainly affecting immunocompromised patients. Resistance to the commonly used fungicides can lead to poor treatment of mucosal infections which, in turn, can result in life-threatening systemic candidiasis. In this scenario, antimicrobial photodynamic treatment (PDT) has emerged as an effective alternative to treat superficial and localized fungal infections. Microbial death in PDT is a consequence of the oxidation of many cellular biomolecules, including proteins. Here, we report a combination of two-dimensional electrophoresis and tandem mass spectrometry to study the protein damage resulting from treating C. albicans with PDT with new methylene blue N and red light. Two-dimensional gels of treated cells showed an increase in acidic spots in a fluence-dependent manner. Amino acid analysis revealed a decrease in the histidine content after PDT, which is one plausible explanation for the observed acidic shift. However, some protein spots remained unchanged. Protein identification by mass spectrometry revealed that both modified and unmodified proteins could be localized to the cytoplasm, ruling out subcellular location as the only explanation for damage selectivity. Therefore, we hypothesize that protein modification by PDT is a consequence of both photosensitizer binding affinity and the degree of exposure of the photooxidizable residues on the protein surface.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriela Braga Rodrigues
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Clarice Izumi
- Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
| | - Ana Patrícia Yatsuda
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | - Mark Wainwright
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.
| | - José César Rosa
- Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
| | - Gilberto Úbida Leite Braga
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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17
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Olicón-Hernández DR, Uribe-Alvarez C, Uribe-Carvajal S, Pardo JP, Guerra-Sánchez G. Response of Ustilago maydis against the Stress Caused by Three Polycationic Chitin Derivatives. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22121745. [PMID: 29215563 PMCID: PMC6149792 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22121745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosan is a stressing molecule that affects the cells walls and plasma membrane of fungi. For chitosan derivatives, the action mode is not clear. In this work, we used the yeast Ustilago maydis to study the effects of these molecules on the plasma membrane, focusing on physiologic and stress responses to chitosan (CH), oligochitosan (OCH), and glycol-chitosan (GCH). Yeasts were cultured with each of these molecules at 1 mg·mL−1 in minimal medium. To compare plasma membrane damage, cells were cultivated in isosmolar medium. Membrane potential (Δψ) as well as oxidative stress were measured. Changes in the total plasma membrane phospholipid and protein profiles were analyzed using standard methods, and fluorescence-stained mitochondria were observed. High osmolarity did not protect against CH inhibition and neither affected membrane potential. The OCH did produce higher oxidative stress. The effects of these molecules were evidenced by modifications in the plasma membrane protein profile. Also, mitochondrial damage was evident for CH and OCH, while GCH resulted in thicker cells with fewer mitochondria and higher glycogen accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Rafael Olicón-Hernández
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Departamento de Microbiología, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, Col. Sto. Tomas, Del, Miguel Hidalgo, CP 11340 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Cristina Uribe-Alvarez
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Circuito exterior S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, CP 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Salvador Uribe-Carvajal
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Circuito exterior S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, CP 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Juan Pablo Pardo
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica, Circuito exterior S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, CP 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Guadalupe Guerra-Sánchez
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Departamento de Microbiología, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, Col. Sto. Tomas, Del, Miguel Hidalgo, CP 11340 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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18
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Enhancement of Environmental Hazard Degradation in the Presence of Lignin: a Proteomics Study. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11356. [PMID: 28900110 PMCID: PMC5595786 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10132-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteomics studies of fungal systems have progressed dramatically based on the availability of more fungal genome sequences in recent years. Different proteomics strategies have been applied toward characterization of fungal proteome and revealed important gene functions and proteome dynamics. Presented here is the application of shot-gun proteomic technology to study the bio-remediation of environmental hazards by white-rot fungus. Lignin, a naturally abundant component of the plant biomass, is discovered to promote the degradation of Azo dye by white-rot fungus Irpex lacteus CD2 in the lignin/dye/fungus system. Shotgun proteomics technique was used to understand degradation mechanism at the protein level for the lignin/dye/fungus system. Our proteomics study can identify about two thousand proteins (one third of the predicted white-rot fungal proteome) in a single experiment, as one of the most powerful proteomics platforms to study the fungal system to date. The study shows a significant enrichment of oxidoreduction functional category under the dye/lignin combined treatment. An in vitro validation is performed and supports our hypothesis that the synergy of Fenton reaction and manganese peroxidase might play an important role in DR5B dye degradation. The results could guide the development of effective bioremediation strategies and efficient lignocellulosic biomass conversion.
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Denardi-Souza T, Massarolo KC, Tralamazza SM, Badiale-Furlong E. Monitoring of fungal biomass changed by Rhizopus oryzae in relation to amino acid and essential fatty acids profile in soybean meal, wheat and rice. CYTA - JOURNAL OF FOOD 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/19476337.2017.1359676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taiana Denardi-Souza
- Laboratory of Mycotoxins and Food Science, Post Graduate Program in Engineering and Food Science, School of Chemistry and Food, Federal University of Rio Grande – FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil
| | - Kelly Cristina Massarolo
- Laboratory of Mycotoxins and Food Science, Post Graduate Program in Engineering and Food Science, School of Chemistry and Food, Federal University of Rio Grande – FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil
| | - Sabina M Tralamazza
- Laboratory of Mycology and Mycotoxicology, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo-USP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eliana Badiale-Furlong
- Laboratory of Mycotoxins and Food Science, Post Graduate Program in Engineering and Food Science, School of Chemistry and Food, Federal University of Rio Grande – FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil
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20
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da Rosa-Garzon NG, Laure HJ, Souza-Motta CMD, Rosa JC, Cabral H. Medium pH in submerged cultivation modulates differences in the intracellular protein profile of Fusarium oxysporum. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2017; 47:664-672. [DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2017.1303610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nathália Gonsales da Rosa-Garzon
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Hélen Julie Laure
- School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | - José César Rosa
- School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Hamilton Cabral
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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21
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RNA-Seq reveals the molecular mechanism of trapping and killing of root-knot nematodes by nematode-trapping fungi. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 33:65. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-017-2232-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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22
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Li B, Tian X, Wang C, Zeng X, Xing Y, Ling H, Yin W, Tian L, Meng Z, Zhang J, Guo S. SWATH label-free proteomics analyses revealed the roles of oxidative stress and antioxidant defensing system in sclerotia formation of Polyporus umbellatus. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41283. [PMID: 28134344 PMCID: PMC5278369 DOI: 10.1038/srep41283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the initiation and maturing mechanisms is important for rational manipulating sclerotia differentiation and growth from hypha of Polyporus umbellatus. Proteomes in P. umbellatus sclerotia and hyphae at initial, developmental and mature phases were studied. 1391 proteins were identified by nano-liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) in Data Dependant Acquisition mode, and 1234 proteins were quantified successfully by Sequential Window Acquisition of all THeoretical fragment ion spectra-MS (SWATH-MS) technology. There were 347 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in sclerotia at initial phase compared with those in hypha, and the DEP profiles were dynamically changing with sclerotia growth. Oxidative stress (OS) in sclerotia at initial phase was indicated by the repressed proteins of respiratory chain, tricarboxylic acid cycle and the activation of glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathways were determined based on DEPs. The impact of glycolysis/gluconeogenesis on sclerotium induction was further verified by glycerol addition assays, in which 5% glycerol significantly increased sclerotial differentiation rate and biomass. It can be speculated that OS played essential roles in triggering sclerotia differentiation from hypha of P. umbellatus, whereas antioxidant activity associated with glycolysis is critical for sclerotia growth. These findings reveal a mechanism for sclerotial differentiation in P. umbellatus, which may also be applicable for other fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Li
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193 P. R. China
| | - Xiaofang Tian
- Pharmaceutical department of China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029 P. R. China
| | - Chunlan Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193 P. R. China
| | - Xu Zeng
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193 P. R. China
| | - Yongmei Xing
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193 P. R. China
| | - Hong Ling
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193 P. R. China
| | - Wanqiang Yin
- Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
| | - Lixia Tian
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193 P. R. China
| | - Zhixia Meng
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193 P. R. China
| | - Jihui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China
| | - Shunxing Guo
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193 P. R. China
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23
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Martínez-Villarreal R, Garza-Romero TS, Moreno-Medina VR, Hernández-Delgado S, Mayek-Pérez N. [Biochemical basis of tolerance to osmotic stress in phytopathogenic fungus: The case of Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid.]. Rev Argent Microbiol 2016; 48:347-357. [PMID: 28341024 DOI: 10.1016/j.ram.2016.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 04/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungus Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. is the causative agent of charcoal rot disease which causes significant yield losses in major crops such as maize, sorghum, soybean and common beans in Mexico. This fungus is a facultative parasite which shows broad ability to adapt itself to stressed environments where water deficits and/or high temperature stresses commonly occur. These environmental conditions are common for most cultivable lands throughout Mexico. Here we describe some basic facts related to the etiology and epidemiology of the fungus as well as to the importance of responses to stressed environments, particularly to water deficits, based on morphology and growth traits, as well as on physiology, biochemistry and pathogenicity of fungus M. phaseolina. To conclude, we show some perspectives related to future research into the genus, which emphasize the increasing need to improve the knowledge based on the application of both traditional and biotechnological tools in order to elucidate the mechanisms of resistance to environmental stress which can be extrapolated to other useful organisms to man.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tamar S Garza-Romero
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Biotecnología Genómica, Reynosa, Tamaulipas, México
| | - Víctor R Moreno-Medina
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Biotecnología Genómica, Reynosa, Tamaulipas, México
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24
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The SEB-1 Transcription Factor Binds to the STRE Motif in Neurospora crassa and Regulates a Variety of Cellular Processes Including the Stress Response and Reserve Carbohydrate Metabolism. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2016; 6:1327-43. [PMID: 26994287 PMCID: PMC4856084 DOI: 10.1534/g3.116.028506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
When exposed to stress conditions, all cells induce mechanisms resulting in an attempt to adapt to stress that involve proteins which, once activated, trigger cell responses by modulating specific signaling pathways. In this work, using a combination of pulldown assays and mass spectrometry analyses, we identified the Neurospora crassa SEB-1 transcription factor that binds to the Stress Response Element (STRE) under heat stress. Orthologs of SEB-1 have been functionally characterized in a few filamentous fungi as being involved in stress responses; however, the molecular mechanisms mediated by this transcription factor may not be conserved. Here, we provide evidences for the involvement of N. crassa SEB-1 in multiple cellular processes, including response to heat, as well as osmotic and oxidative stress. The Δseb-1 strain displayed reduced growth under these conditions, and genes encoding stress-responsive proteins were differentially regulated in the Δseb-1 strain grown under the same conditions. In addition, the SEB-1-GFP protein translocated from the cytosol to the nucleus under heat, osmotic, and oxidative stress conditions. SEB-1 also regulates the metabolism of the reserve carbohydrates glycogen and trehalose under heat stress, suggesting an interconnection between metabolism control and this environmental condition. We demonstrated that SEB-1 binds in vivo to the promoters of genes encoding glycogen metabolism enzymes and regulates their expression. A genome-wide transcriptional profile of the Δseb-1 strain under heat stress was determined by RNA-seq, and a broad range of cellular processes was identified that suggests a role for SEB-1 as a protein interconnecting these mechanisms.
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25
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Pusztahelyi T, Holb IJ, Pócsi I. Secondary metabolites in fungus-plant interactions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:573. [PMID: 26300892 PMCID: PMC4527079 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 254] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Fungi and plants are rich sources of thousands of secondary metabolites. The genetically coded possibilities for secondary metabolite production, the stimuli of the production, and the special phytotoxins basically determine the microscopic fungi-host plant interactions and the pathogenic lifestyle of fungi. The review introduces plant secondary metabolites usually with antifungal effect as well as the importance of signaling molecules in induced systemic resistance and systemic acquired resistance processes. The review also concerns the mimicking of plant effector molecules like auxins, gibberellins and abscisic acid by fungal secondary metabolites that modulate plant growth or even can subvert the plant defense responses such as programmed cell death to gain nutrients for fungal growth and colonization. It also looks through the special secondary metabolite production and host selective toxins of some significant fungal pathogens and the plant response in form of phytoalexin production. New results coming from genome and transcriptional analyses in context of selected fungal pathogens and their hosts are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tünde Pusztahelyi
- Central Laboratory, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of DebrecenDebrecen, Hungary
| | - Imre J. Holb
- Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, Institute of Horticulture, University of DebrecenDebrecen, Hungary
- Department of Plant Pathology, Centre for Agricultural Research, Plant Protection Institute, Hungarian Academy of SciencesDebrecen, Hungary
| | - István Pócsi
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of DebrecenDebrecen, Hungary
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26
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Szewczyk R, Soboń A, Słaba M, Długoński J. Mechanism study of alachlor biodegradation by Paecilomyces marquandii with proteomic and metabolomic methods. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2015; 291:52-64. [PMID: 25765177 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.02.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Revised: 01/31/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Alachlor is an herbicide that is widely used worldwide to protect plant crops against broadleaf weeds and annual grasses. However, due to its endocrine-disrupting activity, its application had been banned in the European Union. As described in our earlier work, Paecilomyces marquandii is a microscopic fungus capable of alachlor removal by N-acetyl oxidation. Our current work uses proteomics and metabolomics to gain a better understanding of alachlor biodegradation by the microscopic fungus P. marquandii. The data revealed that the addition of alachlor reduced the culture growth and glucose consumption rates. Moreover, the rates of glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acids (TCA) cycle increased during the initial stage of growth, and there was a shift toward the formation of supplementary materials (UDP-glucose/galactose) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers (ascorbate). Proteomic analysis revealed that the presence of xenobiotics resulted in a strong upregulation of enzymes related to energy, sugar metabolism and ROS production. However, the unique overexpression of cyanide hydratase in alachlor-containing cultures may implicate this enzyme as the key protein involved in the alachlor biodegradation pathway. The characterization of P. marquandii-mediated alachlor removal in terms of cell structure and function provides a deeper insight into the strategies of microorganisms toward xenobiotic biodegradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafał Szewczyk
- Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź Poland
| | - Adrian Soboń
- Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź Poland
| | - Mirosława Słaba
- Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź Poland
| | - Jerzy Długoński
- Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź Poland.
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Emri T, Szarvas V, Orosz E, Antal K, Park H, Han KH, Yu JH, Pócsi I. Core oxidative stress response in Aspergillus nidulans. BMC Genomics 2015; 16:478. [PMID: 26115917 PMCID: PMC4482186 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-1705-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The b-Zip transcription factor AtfA plays a key role in regulating stress responses in the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans. To identify the core regulons of AtfA, we examined genome-wide expression changes caused by various stresses in the presence/absence of AtfA using A. nidulans microarrays. We also intended to address the intriguing question regarding the existence of core environmental stress response in this important model eukaryote. RESULTS Examination of the genome wide expression changes caused by five different oxidative stress conditions in wild type and the atfA null mutant has identified a significant number of stereotypically regulated genes (Core Oxidative Stress Response genes). The deletion of atfA increased the oxidative stress sensitivity of A. nidulans and affected mRNA accumulation of several genes under both unstressed and stressed conditions. The numbers of genes under the AtfA control appear to be specific to a stress-type. We also found that both oxidative and salt stresses induced expression of some secondary metabolite gene clusters and the deletion of atfA enhanced the stress responsiveness of additional clusters. Moreover, certain clusters were down-regulated by the stresses tested. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that the observed co-regulations were most likely consequences of the overlapping physiological effects of the stressors and not of the existence of a general environmental stress response. The function of AtfA in governing various stress responses is much smaller than anticipated and/or other regulators may play a redundant or overlapping role with AtfA. Both stress inducible and stress repressive regulations of secondary metabolism seem to be frequent features in A. nidulans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Emri
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, P.O. Box 63, H-4032, Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Vera Szarvas
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, P.O. Box 63, H-4032, Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Erzsébet Orosz
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, P.O. Box 63, H-4032, Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Károly Antal
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, Eszterházy Károly College, Eszterházy út 1, H-3300, Eger, Hungary.
| | - HeeSoo Park
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin, 1550 Linden Dr, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
| | - Kap-Hoon Han
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Woosuk University, 565-701, Wanju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae-Hyuk Yu
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin, 1550 Linden Dr, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
| | - István Pócsi
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, P.O. Box 63, H-4032, Debrecen, Hungary.
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Concomitant osmotic and chaotropicity-induced stresses in Aspergillus wentii: compatible solutes determine the biotic window. Curr Genet 2015; 61:457-77. [DOI: 10.1007/s00294-015-0496-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Revised: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Chen YH, Yeh TF, Chu FH, Hsu FL, Chang ST. Proteomics investigation reveals cell death-associated proteins of basidiomycete fungus Trametes versicolor treated with Ferruginol. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:85-91. [PMID: 25485628 DOI: 10.1021/jf504717x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Ferruginol has antifungal activity against wood-rot fungi (basidiomycetes). However, specific research on the antifungal mechanisms of ferruginol is scarce. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and fluorescent image analysis were employed to evaluate the differential protein expression of wood-rot fungus Trametes versicolor treated with or without ferruginol. Results from protein identification of tryptic peptides via liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC–ESI-MS/MS) analyses revealed 17 protein assignments with differential expression. Downregulation of cytoskeleton β-tubulin 3 indicates that ferruginol has potential to be used as a microtubule-disrupting agent. Downregulation of major facilitator superfamily (MFS)–multiple drug resistance (MDR) transporter and peroxiredoxin TSA1 were observed, suggesting reduction in self-defensive capabilities of T. versicolor. In addition, the proteins involved in polypeptide sorting and DNA repair were also downregulated, while heat shock proteins and autophagy-related protein 7 were upregulated. These observations reveal that such cellular dysfunction and damage caused by ferruginol lead to growth inhibition and autophagic cell death of fungi.
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Gene expression associated with intersterility in Heterobasidion. Fungal Genet Biol 2014; 73:104-19. [PMID: 25459536 DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2014.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Revised: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Intersterility (IS) is thought to prevent mating compatibility between homokaryons that belong to different species. Although IS in Heterobasidion is regulated by the genes located at the IS loci, it is not yet known how the IS genes influence sexual compatibility and heterokaryon formation. To increase our understanding of the molecular events underlying IS, we studied mRNA abundance changes during IS compatible and incompatible interactions over time. The clustering of the transcripts into expression profiles, followed by the application of Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment pathway analysis of each of the clusters, allowed inference of biological processes participating in IS. These analyses identified events involved in mating and sexual development (i.e., linked with IS compatibility), which included processes associated with cell-cell adhesion and recognition, cell cycle control and signal transduction. We also identified events potentially involved in overriding mating between individuals belonging to different species (i.e., linked with IS incompatibility), which included reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, responses to stress (especially to oxidative stress), signal transduction and metabolic biosynthesis. Our findings thus enabled detection and characterization of gene expression changes associated with IS in Heterobasidion, as well as identification of important processes and pathways associated with this phenomenon. Overall, the results of this study increase current knowledge regarding the molecular mechanisms underpinning IS in Heterobasidion and allowed for the establishment of a vital baseline for further studies.
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Perez-Nadales E, Nogueira MFA, Baldin C, Castanheira S, El Ghalid M, Grund E, Lengeler K, Marchegiani E, Mehrotra PV, Moretti M, Naik V, Oses-Ruiz M, Oskarsson T, Schäfer K, Wasserstrom L, Brakhage AA, Gow NAR, Kahmann R, Lebrun MH, Perez-Martin J, Di Pietro A, Talbot NJ, Toquin V, Walther A, Wendland J. Fungal model systems and the elucidation of pathogenicity determinants. Fungal Genet Biol 2014; 70:42-67. [PMID: 25011008 PMCID: PMC4161391 DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2014.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Revised: 06/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Fungi have the capacity to cause devastating diseases of both plants and animals, causing significant harvest losses that threaten food security and human mycoses with high mortality rates. As a consequence, there is a critical need to promote development of new antifungal drugs, which requires a comprehensive molecular knowledge of fungal pathogenesis. In this review, we critically evaluate current knowledge of seven fungal organisms used as major research models for fungal pathogenesis. These include pathogens of both animals and plants; Ashbya gossypii, Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans, Fusarium oxysporum, Magnaporthe oryzae, Ustilago maydis and Zymoseptoria tritici. We present key insights into the virulence mechanisms deployed by each species and a comparative overview of key insights obtained from genomic analysis. We then consider current trends and future challenges associated with the study of fungal pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Perez-Nadales
- Department of Genetics, Edificio Gregor Mendel, Planta 1. Campus de Rabanales, University of Cordoba, 14071 Cordoba, Spain.
| | | | - Clara Baldin
- Department of Molecular and Applied Microbiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knöll Institute (HKI), Beutembergstr. 11a, 07745 Jena, Germany; Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Beutenbergstr. 11a, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Sónia Castanheira
- Instituto de Biología Funcional y GenómicaCSIC, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Mennat El Ghalid
- Department of Genetics, Edificio Gregor Mendel, Planta 1. Campus de Rabanales, University of Cordoba, 14071 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Elisabeth Grund
- Functional Genomics of Plant Pathogenic Fungi, UMR 5240 CNRS-UCB-INSA-Bayer SAS, Bayer CropScience, 69263 Lyon, France
| | - Klaus Lengeler
- Carlsberg Laboratory, Department of Yeast Genetics, Gamle Carlsberg Vej 10, DK-1799, Copenhagen V, Denmark
| | - Elisabetta Marchegiani
- Evolution and Genomics of Plant Pathogen Interactions, UR 1290 INRA, BIOGER-CPP, Campus AgroParisTech, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France
| | - Pankaj Vinod Mehrotra
- Aberdeen Fungal Group, School of Medical Sciences, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Marino Moretti
- Max-Planck-Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Department of Organismic Interactions, Karl-von-Frisch-Strasse 10, D-35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Vikram Naik
- Max-Planck-Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Department of Organismic Interactions, Karl-von-Frisch-Strasse 10, D-35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Miriam Oses-Ruiz
- School of Biosciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Therese Oskarsson
- Carlsberg Laboratory, Department of Yeast Genetics, Gamle Carlsberg Vej 10, DK-1799, Copenhagen V, Denmark
| | - Katja Schäfer
- Department of Genetics, Edificio Gregor Mendel, Planta 1. Campus de Rabanales, University of Cordoba, 14071 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Lisa Wasserstrom
- Carlsberg Laboratory, Department of Yeast Genetics, Gamle Carlsberg Vej 10, DK-1799, Copenhagen V, Denmark
| | - Axel A Brakhage
- Department of Molecular and Applied Microbiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knöll Institute (HKI), Beutembergstr. 11a, 07745 Jena, Germany; Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Beutenbergstr. 11a, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Neil A R Gow
- Aberdeen Fungal Group, School of Medical Sciences, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Regine Kahmann
- Max-Planck-Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Department of Organismic Interactions, Karl-von-Frisch-Strasse 10, D-35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Marc-Henri Lebrun
- Evolution and Genomics of Plant Pathogen Interactions, UR 1290 INRA, BIOGER-CPP, Campus AgroParisTech, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France
| | - José Perez-Martin
- Instituto de Biología Funcional y GenómicaCSIC, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Antonio Di Pietro
- Department of Genetics, Edificio Gregor Mendel, Planta 1. Campus de Rabanales, University of Cordoba, 14071 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Nicholas J Talbot
- School of Biosciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Valerie Toquin
- Biochemistry Department, Bayer SAS, Bayer CropScience, CRLD, 69263 Lyon, France
| | - Andrea Walther
- Carlsberg Laboratory, Department of Yeast Genetics, Gamle Carlsberg Vej 10, DK-1799, Copenhagen V, Denmark
| | - Jürgen Wendland
- Carlsberg Laboratory, Department of Yeast Genetics, Gamle Carlsberg Vej 10, DK-1799, Copenhagen V, Denmark
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Zakharova K, Marzban G, de Vera JP, Lorek A, Sterflinger K. Protein patterns of black fungi under simulated Mars-like conditions. Sci Rep 2014; 4:5114. [PMID: 24870977 PMCID: PMC4037706 DOI: 10.1038/srep05114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Two species of microcolonial fungi – Cryomyces antarcticus and Knufia perforans - and a species of black yeasts–Exophiala jeanselmei - were exposed to thermo-physical Mars-like conditions in the simulation chamber of the German Aerospace Center. In this study the alterations at the protein expression level from various fungi species under Mars-like conditions were analyzed for the first time using 2D gel electrophoresis. Despite of the expectations, the fungi did not express any additional proteins under Mars simulation that could be interpreted as stress induced HSPs. However, up-regulation of some proteins and significant decreasing of protein number were detected within the first 24 hours of the treatment. After 4 and 7 days of the experiment protein spot number was increased again and the protein patterns resemble the protein patterns of biomass from normal conditions. It indicates the recovery of the metabolic activity under Martian environmental conditions after one week of exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Zakharova
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Department of Biotechnology, Muthgasse 18, A - 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gorji Marzban
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Department of Biotechnology, Muthgasse 18, A - 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jean-Pierre de Vera
- German Aerospace Center, Institute of Planetary Research, Rutherfordstrasse 2, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Lorek
- German Aerospace Center, Institute of Planetary Research, Rutherfordstrasse 2, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Katja Sterflinger
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Department of Biotechnology, Muthgasse 18, A - 1190 Vienna, Austria
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