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Webb EK, Carter SE, Ressler KJ, Fani N, Harnett NG. The neurophysiological consequences of racism-related stressors in Black Americans. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 161:105638. [PMID: 38522814 PMCID: PMC11081835 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Racism-related stressors, from experiences of both implicit and explicit racial discrimination to systemic socioeconomic disadvantage, have a cumulative impact on Black Americans' health. The present narrative review synthesizes peripheral (neuroendocrine and inflammation markers), psychophysiological (heart-rate variability, skin conductance), and neuroimaging (structural and functional) findings that demonstrate unique associations with racism-related stress. Emerging evidence reveals how racism-related stressors contribute to differential physiological and neural responses and may have distinct impacts on regions involved with threat and social processing. Ultimately, the neurophysiological effects of racism-related stress may confer biological susceptibility to stress and trauma-related disorders. We note critical gaps in the literature on the neurophysiological impact of racism-related stress and outline additional research that is needed on the multifactorial interactions between racism and mental health. A clearer understanding of the interactions between racism-related stress, neurophysiology, and stress- and trauma-related disorders is critical for preventative efforts, biomarker discovery, and selection of effective clinical treatments for Black Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Kate Webb
- McLean Hospital, Division of Depression and Anxiety, Belmont, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sierra E Carter
- Georgia State University, Department of Psychology, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Kerry J Ressler
- McLean Hospital, Division of Depression and Anxiety, Belmont, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Negar Fani
- Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nathaniel G Harnett
- McLean Hospital, Division of Depression and Anxiety, Belmont, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, USA.
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2
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Jeong M, Jang JH, Oh SJ, Park J, Lee J, Hwang S, Oh YS. Maladaptation of dentate gyrus mossy cells mediates contextual discrimination deficit after traumatic stress. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114000. [PMID: 38527063 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Fear overgeneralization is a maladaptive response to traumatic stress that is associated with the inability to discriminate between threat and safety contexts, a hallmark feature of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, the neural mechanisms underlying this deficit remain unclear. Here, we show that traumatic stress exposure impairs contextual discrimination between threat and safety contexts in the learned helplessness (LH) model. Mossy cells (MCs) in the dorsal hippocampus are suppressed in response to traumatic stress. Bidirectional manipulation of MC activity in the LH model reveals that MC inhibition is causally linked to impaired contextual discrimination. Mechanistically, MC inhibition increases the number of active granule cells in a given context, significantly overlapping context-specific ensembles. Our study demonstrates that maladaptive inhibition of MCs after traumatic stress is a substantial mechanism underlying fear overgeneralization with contextual discrimination deficit, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for cognitive symptoms of PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minseok Jeong
- Department of Brain Sciences, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Hyeonpung-eup, Dalseong-gun, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hyeok Jang
- Department of Brain Sciences, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Hyeonpung-eup, Dalseong-gun, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Jin Oh
- Department of Brain Sciences, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Hyeonpung-eup, Dalseong-gun, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongrak Park
- Department of Brain Sciences, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Hyeonpung-eup, Dalseong-gun, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Junseop Lee
- Department of Brain Sciences, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Hyeonpung-eup, Dalseong-gun, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Sehyeon Hwang
- Department of Brain Sciences, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Hyeonpung-eup, Dalseong-gun, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Seok Oh
- Department of Brain Sciences, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Hyeonpung-eup, Dalseong-gun, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea; Emotion, Cognition & Behavior Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, 61 Cheomdan-ro, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Armañanzas R, Liang B, Kanakia S, Bazarian JJ, Prichep LS. Identification of Concussion Subtypes Based on Intrinsic Brain Activity. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e2355910. [PMID: 38349652 PMCID: PMC10865157 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.55910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance The identification of brain activity-based concussion subtypes at time of injury has the potential to advance the understanding of concussion pathophysiology and to optimize treatment planning and outcomes. Objective To investigate the presence of intrinsic brain activity-based concussion subtypes, defined as distinct resting state quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) profiles, at the time of injury. Design, Setting, and Participants In this retrospective, multicenter (9 US universities and high schools and 4 US clinical sites) cohort study, participants aged 13 to 70 years with mild head injuries were included in longitudinal cohort studies from 2017 to 2022. Patients had a clinical diagnosis of concussion and were restrained from activity by site guidelines for more than 5 days, with an initial Glasgow Coma Scale score of 14 to 15. Participants were excluded for known neurological disease or history of traumatic brain injury within the last year. Patients were assessed with 2 minutes of artifact-free EEG acquired from frontal and frontotemporal regions within 120 hours of head injury. Data analysis was performed from July 2021 to June 2023. Main Outcomes and Measures Quantitative features characterizing the EEG signal were extracted from a 1- to 2-minute artifact-free EEG data for each participant, within 120 hours of injury. Symptom inventories and days to return to activity were also acquired. Results From the 771 participants (mean [SD] age, 20.16 [5.75] years; 432 male [56.03%]), 600 were randomly selected for cluster analysis according to 471 qEEG features. Participants and features were simultaneously grouped into 5 disjoint subtypes by a bootstrapped coclustering algorithm with an overall agreement of 98.87% over 100 restarts. Subtypes were characterized by distinctive profiles of qEEG measure sets, including power, connectivity, and complexity, and were validated in the independent test set. Subtype membership showed a statistically significant association with time to return to activity. Conclusions and Relevance In this cohort study, distinct subtypes based on resting state qEEG activity were identified within the concussed population at the time of injury. The existence of such physiological subtypes supports different underlying pathophysiology and could aid in personalized prognosis and optimization of care path.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben Armañanzas
- BrainScope Company, Chevy Chase, Maryland
- Institute of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Tecnun School of Engineering, Universidad de Navarra, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Bo Liang
- BrainScope Company, Chevy Chase, Maryland
| | | | - Jeffrey J. Bazarian
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, New York
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4
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Ferreira JCCG, Christoff RR, Rabello T, Ferreira RO, Batista C, Mourão PJP, Rossi ÁD, Higa LM, Bellio M, Tanuri A, Garcez PP. Postnatal Zika virus infection leads to morphological and cellular alterations within the neurogenic niche. Dis Model Mech 2024; 17:dmm050375. [PMID: 38415826 PMCID: PMC10924234 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.050375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The Zika virus received significant attention in 2016, following a declaration by the World Health Organization of an epidemic in the Americas, in which infections were associated with microcephaly. Indeed, prenatal Zika virus infection is detrimental to fetal neural stem cells and can cause premature cell loss and neurodevelopmental abnormalities in newborn infants, collectively described as congenital Zika syndrome. Contrastingly, much less is known about how neonatal infection affects the development of the newborn nervous system. Here, we investigated the development of the dentate gyrus of wild-type mice following intracranial injection of the virus at birth (postnatal day 0). Through this approach, we found that Zika virus infection affected the development of neurogenic regions within the dentate gyrus and caused reactive gliosis, cell death and a decrease in cell proliferation. Such infection also altered volumetric features of the postnatal dentate gyrus. Thus, we found that Zika virus exposure to newborn mice is detrimental to the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus. These observations offer insight into the cellular mechanisms that underlie the neurological features of congenital Zika syndrome in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica C. C. G. Ferreira
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-590, Brazil
| | - Raissa R. Christoff
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-590, Brazil
| | - Tailene Rabello
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-590, Brazil
| | - Raiane O. Ferreira
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-590, Brazil
| | - Carolina Batista
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-590, Brazil
| | - Pedro Junior Pinheiro Mourão
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Átila D. Rossi
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Luiza M. Higa
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Maria Bellio
- Microbiology Institute Paulo de Góes, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Amilcar Tanuri
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Patricia P. Garcez
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-590, Brazil
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Ben-Zion Z, Korem N, Fine NB, Katz S, Siddhanta M, Funaro MC, Duek O, Spiller TR, Danböck SK, Levy I, Harpaz-Rotem I. Structural Neuroimaging of Hippocampus and Amygdala Subregions in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Scoping Review. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY GLOBAL OPEN SCIENCE 2024; 4:120-134. [PMID: 38298789 PMCID: PMC10829655 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2023.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have explored the relationship between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and the hippocampus and the amygdala because both regions are implicated in the disorder's pathogenesis and pathophysiology. Nevertheless, those key limbic regions consist of functionally and cytoarchitecturally distinct substructures that may play different roles in the etiology of PTSD. Spurred by the availability of automatic segmentation software, structural neuroimaging studies of human hippocampal and amygdala subregions have proliferated in recent years. Here, we present a preregistered scoping review of the existing structural neuroimaging studies of the hippocampus and amygdala subregions in adults diagnosed with PTSD. A total of 3513 studies assessing subregion volumes were identified, 1689 of which were screened, and 21 studies were eligible for this review (total N = 2876 individuals). Most studies examined hippocampal subregions and reported decreased CA1, CA3, dentate gyrus, and subiculum volumes in PTSD. Fewer studies investigated amygdala subregions and reported altered lateral, basal, and central nuclei volumes in PTSD. This review further highlights the conceptual and methodological limitations of the current literature and identifies future directions to increase understanding of the distinct roles of hippocampal and amygdalar subregions in posttraumatic psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziv Ben-Zion
- Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
- US Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neuroscience Division, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
- Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Nachshon Korem
- Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
- US Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neuroscience Division, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Naomi B Fine
- Sagol Brain Institute Tel-Aviv, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Faculty of Social Sciences, School of Psychological Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sophia Katz
- Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Megha Siddhanta
- Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Melissa C Funaro
- Harvey Cushing/John Hay Whitney Medical Library, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Or Duek
- Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
- US Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neuroscience Division, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Community Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Tobias R Spiller
- Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
- US Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neuroscience Division, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
- Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zürich, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Sarah K Danböck
- Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
- Division of Clinical Psychology and Psychopathology, Department of Psychology, Paris London University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Ifat Levy
- Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
- Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Ilan Harpaz-Rotem
- Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
- US Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neuroscience Division, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
- Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
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6
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Zhang J, Xie L, Cheng C, Liu Y, Zhang X, Wang H, Hu J, Yu H, Xu J. Hippocampal subfield volumes in mild cognitive impairment and alzheimer's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Brain Imaging Behav 2023; 17:778-793. [PMID: 37768441 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-023-00804-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
The hippocampus is a complex structure that consists of several subfields with distinct and specialized functions. Although numerous studies have been performed to explore hippocampal atrophy at the sub-regional level in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), the results have been inconsistent especially for whether and which subfields can be served as the most potential biomarkers in MCI and AD. Herein, we used a meta-analytic approach to synthesize the extant literatures on hippocampal subfields in MCI and AD through PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase (PROSPERO CRD42021257586). As a result, a total of twenty studies using Freesurfer 5 and Freesurfer 6 were included in this investigation. These studies revealed that at the sub-regional level, hippocampal subfield volume reductions in MCI and AD were not restricted to specific subfields, and subiculum and presubiculum had the largest z-scores across most comparisons. However, none of the subfield performed much better in discriminating MCI and HC, AD and MCI, AD and HC as compared to whole hippocampus volume. These results suggested that we should explore the changes in the hippocampal subfields in subtypes of MCI or even at an earlier stage, that is subjective cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhuan Zhang
- The fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Linlin Xie
- The fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China
- Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Changjiang Cheng
- The fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Yongfeng Liu
- Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Haoyu Wang
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jingting Hu
- College of Creative Design, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haibo Yu
- The fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China.
- Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, China.
| | - Jinping Xu
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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7
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Nasrullah N, Khorashad Sorouri B, Lundmark A, Seiger R, Savic I. Occupational stress is associated with sex and subregion specific modifications of the amygdala volumes. Stress 2023; 26:2247102. [PMID: 37771232 DOI: 10.1080/10253890.2023.2247102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Despite the rapid increase in reports of exhaustion syndrome (ES) due to daily occupational stress, the mechanisms underlying ES are unknown. In the present study, we investigated whether occupational ES is associated with specific modifications of the subfields of the amygdala and hippocampus resembling those described in other chronic stress conditions. Special focus was paid to possible sex differences.Methods: As a follow up to our previous studies of occupational ES, we carried out MRI-based subfield segmentation of the hippocampus and amygdala volumes in 58 patients with occupational ES (22 males) and 65 age-matched controls (27 males) (age range 30-46 years).Results: There was a significant and bilateral enlargement of the lateral, basal and central nucleus of the amygdala in patients with ES (corrected for the total intracranial volume (ICV)). These differences were detected only in females. Higher values in the right central and right basal amygdala remained when the whole amygdala volume was used as reference, instead of the ICV. Notably, in female patients the volumes of these specific nuclei were positively correlated with the degree of perceived stress. No changes in the hippocampus subfields were detected in female or male patients.Conclusions: The findings underline that ES is a chronic stress condition, suggesting that not only extreme forms of stress, but also the everyday stress is associated with localized differences from controls in the amygdala. The absence of significant alterations among men with ES despite a similar degree of perceived stress supports the notion that women seem more susceptible to stress-related cerebral changes, and may explain the higher prevalence of ES among women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilab Nasrullah
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute and Neurology Clinic, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - B Khorashad Sorouri
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute and Neurology Clinic, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anton Lundmark
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute and Neurology Clinic, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rene Seiger
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute and Neurology Clinic, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ivanka Savic
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute and Neurology Clinic, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
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8
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Li X, Wang L, Liu H, Ma B, Chu L, Dong X, Zeng D, Che T, Jiang X, Wang W, Hu J, Li S. Syn_SegNet: A Joint Deep Neural Network for Ultrahigh-Field 7T MRI Synthesis and Hippocampal Subfield Segmentation in Routine 3T MRI. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform 2023; 27:4866-4877. [PMID: 37581964 DOI: 10.1109/jbhi.2023.3305377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Precise delineation of hippocampus subfields is crucial for the identification and management of various neurological and psychiatric disorders. However, segmenting these subfields automatically in routine 3T MRI is challenging due to their complex morphology and small size, as well as the limited signal contrast and resolution of the 3T images. This research proposes Syn_SegNet, an end-to-end, multitask joint deep neural network that leverages ultrahigh-field 7T MRI synthesis to improve hippocampal subfield segmentation in 3T MRI. Our approach involves two key components. First, we employ a modified Pix2PixGAN as the synthesis model, incorporating self-attention modules, image and feature matching loss, and ROI loss to generate high-quality 7T-like MRI around the hippocampal region. Second, we utilize a variant of 3D-U-Net with multiscale deep supervision as the segmentation subnetwork, incorporating an anatomic weighted cross-entropy loss that capitalizes on prior anatomical knowledge. We evaluate our method on hippocampal subfield segmentation in paired 3T MRI and 7T MRI with seven different anatomical structures. The experimental findings demonstrate that Syn_SegNet's segmentation performance benefits from integrating synthetic 7T data in an online manner and is superior to competing methods. Furthermore, we assess the generalizability of the proposed approach using a publicly accessible 3T MRI dataset. The developed method would be an efficient tool for segmenting hippocampal subfields in routine clinical 3T MRI.
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9
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Knaust T, Siebler MBD, Tarnogorski D, Skiberowski P, Höllmer H, Moritz C, Schulz H. Cross-sectional field study comparing hippocampal subfields in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder, major depressive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder with comorbid major depressive disorder, and adjustment disorder using routine clinical data. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1123079. [PMID: 37384185 PMCID: PMC10299169 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1123079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The hippocampus is a central brain structure involved in stress processing. Previous studies have linked stress-related mental disorders, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depressive disorder (MDD), with changes in hippocampus volume. As PTSD and MDD have similar symptoms, clinical diagnosis relies solely on patients reporting their cognitive and emotional experiences, leading to an interest in utilizing imaging-based data to improve accuracy. Our field study aimed to determine whether there are hippocampal subfield volume differences between stress-related mental disorders (PTSD, MDD, adjustment disorders, and AdjD) using routine clinical data from a military hospital. Methods Participants comprised soldiers (N = 185) with PTSD (n = 50), MDD (n = 70), PTSD with comorbid MDD (n = 38), and AdjD (n = 27). The hippocampus was segmented and volumetrized into subfields automatically using FreeSurfer. We used ANCOVA models with estimated total intracranial volume as a covariate to determine whether there were volume differences in the hippocampal subfields cornu ammonis 1 (CA1), cornu ammonis 2/3 (CA2/3), and dentate gyrus (DG) among patients with PTSD, MDD, PTSD with comorbid MDD, and AdjD. Furthermore, we added self-reported symptom duration and previous psychopharmacological and psychotherapy treatment as further covariates to examine whether there were associations with CA1, CA2/3, and DG. Results No significant volume differences in hippocampal subfields between stress-related mental disorders were found. No significant associations were detected between symptom duration, psychopharmacological treatment, psychotherapy, and the hippocampal subfields. Conclusion Hippocampal subfields may distinguish stress-related mental disorders; however, we did not observe any subfield differences. We provide several explanations for the non-results and thereby inform future field studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiemo Knaust
- Center for Mental Health, Bundeswehr Hospital Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Helge Höllmer
- Center for Mental Health, Bundeswehr Hospital Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Moritz
- Department of Radiology, Bundeswehr Hospital Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Holger Schulz
- Department of Medical Psychology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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10
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Wolf EJ, Hawn SE, Sullivan DR, Miller MW, Sanborn V, Brown E, Neale Z, Fein-Schaffer D, Zhao X, Logue MW, Fortier CB, McGlinchey RE, Milberg WP. Neurobiological and genetic correlates of the dissociative subtype of posttraumatic stress disorder. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND CLINICAL SCIENCE 2023; 132:409-427. [PMID: 37023279 PMCID: PMC10286858 DOI: 10.1037/abn0000795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Approximately 10%-30% of individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) exhibit a dissociative subtype of the condition defined by symptoms of depersonalization and derealization. This study examined the psychometric evidence for the dissociative subtype of PTSD in a sample of young, primarily male post-9/11-era Veterans (n = 374 at baseline and n = 163 at follow-up) and evaluated its biological correlates with respect to resting state functional connectivity (default mode network [DMN]; n = 275), brain morphology (hippocampal subfield volume and cortical thickness; n = 280), neurocognitive functioning (n = 337), and genetic variation (n = 193). Multivariate analyses of PTSD and dissociation items suggested a class structure was superior to dimensional and hybrid ones, with 7.5% of the sample comprising the dissociative class; this group showed stability over 1.5 years. Covarying for age, sex, and PTSD severity, linear regression models revealed that derealization/depersonalization severity was associated with: decreased DMN connectivity between bilateral posterior cingulate cortex and right isthmus (p = .015; adjusted-p [padj] = .097); increased bilateral whole hippocampal, hippocampal head, and molecular layer head volume (p = .010-.034; padj = .032-.053); worse self-monitoring (p = .018; padj = .079); and a candidate genetic variant (rs263232) in the adenylyl cyclase 8 gene (p = .026), previously associated with dissociation. Results converged on biological structures and systems implicated in sensory integration, the neural representation of spatial awareness, and stress-related spatial learning and memory, suggesting possible mechanisms underlying the dissociative subtype of PTSD. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika J. Wolf
- National Center for PTSD at VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Sage E. Hawn
- National Center for PTSD at VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Danielle R. Sullivan
- National Center for PTSD at VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Mark W. Miller
- National Center for PTSD at VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Victoria Sanborn
- National Center for PTSD at VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA
| | - Emma Brown
- Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders and Geriatric Research Educational and Clinical Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA
| | - Zoe Neale
- National Center for PTSD at VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | | | - Xiang Zhao
- National Center for PTSD at VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Mark W. Logue
- National Center for PTSD at VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health Boston, MA
- Biomedical Genetics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Catherine B. Fortier
- Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders and Geriatric Research Educational and Clinical Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Regina E. McGlinchey
- Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders and Geriatric Research Educational and Clinical Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - William P. Milberg
- Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders and Geriatric Research Educational and Clinical Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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11
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Prieto S, Nolan KE, Moody JN, Hayes SM, Hayes JP. Posttraumatic stress symptom severity predicts cognitive decline beyond the effect of Alzheimer's disease biomarkers in Veterans. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:102. [PMID: 36990983 PMCID: PMC10060413 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02354-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic stress is a risk factor for dementia but whether it explains unique variance in cognitive decline in older adults above Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers is unknown. In a preclinical cohort of Vietnam Veterans, we examined the relationship between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom severity, AD biomarkers of beta-amyloid (Aβ) and tau, and change in cognitive performance on two widely-used screeners, the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Analyses indicated that PTSD symptom severity was associated with a greater decline on the MMSE (p < 0.04) and MoCA (p < 0.024) after adjusting for biomarkers of AD, notably on the attention scale of the MoCA and the memory index of the MMSE. These analyses survived multiple comparison corrections. Taken together, PTSD symptom severity is associated with accelerated cognitive decline. Treating PTSD should be considered instrumental to maintaining cognitive function as adults age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Prieto
- Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kate E Nolan
- Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jena N Moody
- Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Scott M Hayes
- Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Chronic Brain Injury Initiative, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jasmeet P Hayes
- Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Chronic Brain Injury Initiative, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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12
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Ben-Zion Z, Korem N, Spiller TR, Duek O, Keynan JN, Admon R, Harpaz-Rotem I, Liberzon I, Shalev AY, Hendler T. Longitudinal volumetric evaluation of hippocampus and amygdala subregions in recent trauma survivors. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:657-667. [PMID: 36280750 PMCID: PMC9918676 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01842-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The hippocampus and the amygdala play a central role in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) pathogenesis. While alternations in volumes of both regions have been consistently observed in individuals with PTSD, it remains unknown whether these reflect pre-trauma vulnerability traits or acquired post-trauma consequences of the disorder. Here, we conducted a longitudinal panel study of adult civilian trauma survivors admitted to a general hospital emergency department (ED). One hundred eligible participants (mean age = 32.97 ± 10.97, n = 56 females) completed both clinical interviews and structural MRI scans at 1-, 6-, and 14-months after ED admission (alias T1, T2, and T3). While all participants met PTSD diagnosis at T1, only n = 29 still met PTSD diagnosis at T3 (a "non-Remission" Group), while n = 71 did not (a "Remission" Group). Bayesian multilevel modeling analysis showed robust evidence for smaller right hippocampus volume (P+ of ~0.014) and moderate evidence for larger left amygdala volume (P+ of ~0.870) at T1 in the "non-Remission" group, compared to the "Remission" group. Subregion analysis further demonstrated robust evidence for smaller volume in the subiculum and right CA1 hippocampal subregions (P+ of ~0.021-0.046) in the "non-Remission" group. No time-dependent volumetric changes (T1 to T2 to T3) were observed across all participants or between groups. Results support the "vulnerability trait" hypothesis, suggesting that lower initial volumes of specific hippocampus subregions are associated with non-remitting PTSD. The stable volume of all hippocampal and amygdala subregions does not support the idea of consequential, progressive, stress-related atrophy during the first critical year following trauma exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziv Ben-Zion
- Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
- US Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neuroscience Division, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA.
- Sagol Brain Institute Tel Aviv, Wohl Institute for Advanced Imaging, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Nachshon Korem
- Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- US Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neuroscience Division, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Tobias R Spiller
- Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- US Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neuroscience Division, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Or Duek
- Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- US Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neuroscience Division, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jackob Nimrod Keynan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Roee Admon
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
- The Integrated Brain and Behavior Research Center (IBBRC), University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ilan Harpaz-Rotem
- Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- US Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neuroscience Division, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Israel Liberzon
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Texas A&M, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Arieh Y Shalev
- Department of Psychiatry, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Talma Hendler
- Sagol Brain Institute Tel Aviv, Wohl Institute for Advanced Imaging, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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13
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Hayes JP, Pierce ME, Brown E, Salat D, Logue MW, Constantinescu J, Valerio K, Miller MW, Sherva R, Huber BR, Milberg W, McGlinchey R. Genetic Risk for Alzheimer Disease and Plasma Tau Are Associated With Accelerated Parietal Cortex Thickness Change in Middle-Aged Adults. Neurol Genet 2023; 9:e200053. [PMID: 36742995 PMCID: PMC9893442 DOI: 10.1212/nxg.0000000000200053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives Neuroimaging and biomarker studies in Alzheimer disease (AD) have shown well-characterized patterns of cortical thinning and altered biomarker concentrations of tau and β-amyloid (Aβ). However, earlier identification of AD has great potential to advance clinical care and determine candidates for drug trials. The extent to which AD risk markers relate to cortical thinning patterns in midlife is unknown. The first objective of this study was to examine cortical thickness change associated with genetic risk for AD among middle-aged military veterans. The second objective was to determine the relationship between plasma tau and Aβ and change in brain cortical thickness among veterans stratified by genetic risk for AD. Methods Participants consisted of post-9/11 veterans (N = 155) who were consecutively enrolled in the Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders prospective longitudinal cohort and were assessed for mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) and posttraumatic disorder (PTSD). Genome-wide polygenic risk scores (PRSs) for AD were calculated using summary results from the International Genomics of Alzheimer's Disease Project. T-tau and Aβ40 and Aβ42 plasma assays were run using Simoa technology. Whole-brain MRI cortical thickness change estimates were obtained using the longitudinal stream of FreeSurfer. Follow-up moderation analyses examined the AD PRS × plasma interaction on change in cortical thickness in AD-vulnerable regions. Results Higher AD PRS, signifying greater genetic risk for AD, was associated with accelerated cortical thickness change in a right hemisphere inferior parietal cortex cluster that included the supramarginal gyrus, angular gyrus, and intraparietal sulcus. Higher tau, but not Aβ42/40 ratio, was associated with greater cortical thickness change among those with higher AD PRS. Mild TBI and PTSD were not associated with cortical thickness change. Discussion Plasma tau, particularly when combined with genetic stratification for AD risk, can be a useful indicator of brain change in midlife. Accelerated inferior parietal cortex changes in midlife may be an important factor to consider as a marker of AD-related brain alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmeet Pannu Hayes
- Department of Psychology (J.P.H., K.V.), The Ohio State University, & Chronic Brain Injury Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus; Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders (TRACTS) (M.E.P., E.B., D.S., J.C., W.M., R.M.), VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; Department of Psychiatry (M.E.P., M.W.L., M.W.M., B.R.H.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Neuroimaging Research for Veterans (NeRVe) Center (E.B., D.S., J.C., W.M., R.M.), VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; Brain Aging and Dementia (BAnD) Laboratory (D.S.), A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown; National Center for PTSD (M.W.L., M.W.M., B.R.H.), Behavioral Sciences Division, VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; Boston University School of Medicine (M.W.L., R.S.), Biomedical Genetics, MA; Boston University School of Public Health (M.W.L.), Department of Biostatistics, MA; Department of Neurology (B.R.H.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Geriatric Research (W.M., R.M.), Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; and Department of Psychiatry (W.M., R.M.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Meghan E Pierce
- Department of Psychology (J.P.H., K.V.), The Ohio State University, & Chronic Brain Injury Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus; Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders (TRACTS) (M.E.P., E.B., D.S., J.C., W.M., R.M.), VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; Department of Psychiatry (M.E.P., M.W.L., M.W.M., B.R.H.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Neuroimaging Research for Veterans (NeRVe) Center (E.B., D.S., J.C., W.M., R.M.), VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; Brain Aging and Dementia (BAnD) Laboratory (D.S.), A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown; National Center for PTSD (M.W.L., M.W.M., B.R.H.), Behavioral Sciences Division, VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; Boston University School of Medicine (M.W.L., R.S.), Biomedical Genetics, MA; Boston University School of Public Health (M.W.L.), Department of Biostatistics, MA; Department of Neurology (B.R.H.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Geriatric Research (W.M., R.M.), Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; and Department of Psychiatry (W.M., R.M.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Emma Brown
- Department of Psychology (J.P.H., K.V.), The Ohio State University, & Chronic Brain Injury Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus; Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders (TRACTS) (M.E.P., E.B., D.S., J.C., W.M., R.M.), VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; Department of Psychiatry (M.E.P., M.W.L., M.W.M., B.R.H.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Neuroimaging Research for Veterans (NeRVe) Center (E.B., D.S., J.C., W.M., R.M.), VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; Brain Aging and Dementia (BAnD) Laboratory (D.S.), A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown; National Center for PTSD (M.W.L., M.W.M., B.R.H.), Behavioral Sciences Division, VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; Boston University School of Medicine (M.W.L., R.S.), Biomedical Genetics, MA; Boston University School of Public Health (M.W.L.), Department of Biostatistics, MA; Department of Neurology (B.R.H.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Geriatric Research (W.M., R.M.), Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; and Department of Psychiatry (W.M., R.M.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - David Salat
- Department of Psychology (J.P.H., K.V.), The Ohio State University, & Chronic Brain Injury Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus; Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders (TRACTS) (M.E.P., E.B., D.S., J.C., W.M., R.M.), VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; Department of Psychiatry (M.E.P., M.W.L., M.W.M., B.R.H.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Neuroimaging Research for Veterans (NeRVe) Center (E.B., D.S., J.C., W.M., R.M.), VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; Brain Aging and Dementia (BAnD) Laboratory (D.S.), A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown; National Center for PTSD (M.W.L., M.W.M., B.R.H.), Behavioral Sciences Division, VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; Boston University School of Medicine (M.W.L., R.S.), Biomedical Genetics, MA; Boston University School of Public Health (M.W.L.), Department of Biostatistics, MA; Department of Neurology (B.R.H.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Geriatric Research (W.M., R.M.), Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; and Department of Psychiatry (W.M., R.M.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Mark W Logue
- Department of Psychology (J.P.H., K.V.), The Ohio State University, & Chronic Brain Injury Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus; Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders (TRACTS) (M.E.P., E.B., D.S., J.C., W.M., R.M.), VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; Department of Psychiatry (M.E.P., M.W.L., M.W.M., B.R.H.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Neuroimaging Research for Veterans (NeRVe) Center (E.B., D.S., J.C., W.M., R.M.), VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; Brain Aging and Dementia (BAnD) Laboratory (D.S.), A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown; National Center for PTSD (M.W.L., M.W.M., B.R.H.), Behavioral Sciences Division, VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; Boston University School of Medicine (M.W.L., R.S.), Biomedical Genetics, MA; Boston University School of Public Health (M.W.L.), Department of Biostatistics, MA; Department of Neurology (B.R.H.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Geriatric Research (W.M., R.M.), Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; and Department of Psychiatry (W.M., R.M.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Julie Constantinescu
- Department of Psychology (J.P.H., K.V.), The Ohio State University, & Chronic Brain Injury Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus; Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders (TRACTS) (M.E.P., E.B., D.S., J.C., W.M., R.M.), VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; Department of Psychiatry (M.E.P., M.W.L., M.W.M., B.R.H.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Neuroimaging Research for Veterans (NeRVe) Center (E.B., D.S., J.C., W.M., R.M.), VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; Brain Aging and Dementia (BAnD) Laboratory (D.S.), A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown; National Center for PTSD (M.W.L., M.W.M., B.R.H.), Behavioral Sciences Division, VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; Boston University School of Medicine (M.W.L., R.S.), Biomedical Genetics, MA; Boston University School of Public Health (M.W.L.), Department of Biostatistics, MA; Department of Neurology (B.R.H.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Geriatric Research (W.M., R.M.), Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; and Department of Psychiatry (W.M., R.M.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Kate Valerio
- Department of Psychology (J.P.H., K.V.), The Ohio State University, & Chronic Brain Injury Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus; Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders (TRACTS) (M.E.P., E.B., D.S., J.C., W.M., R.M.), VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; Department of Psychiatry (M.E.P., M.W.L., M.W.M., B.R.H.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Neuroimaging Research for Veterans (NeRVe) Center (E.B., D.S., J.C., W.M., R.M.), VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; Brain Aging and Dementia (BAnD) Laboratory (D.S.), A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown; National Center for PTSD (M.W.L., M.W.M., B.R.H.), Behavioral Sciences Division, VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; Boston University School of Medicine (M.W.L., R.S.), Biomedical Genetics, MA; Boston University School of Public Health (M.W.L.), Department of Biostatistics, MA; Department of Neurology (B.R.H.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Geriatric Research (W.M., R.M.), Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; and Department of Psychiatry (W.M., R.M.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Mark W Miller
- Department of Psychology (J.P.H., K.V.), The Ohio State University, & Chronic Brain Injury Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus; Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders (TRACTS) (M.E.P., E.B., D.S., J.C., W.M., R.M.), VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; Department of Psychiatry (M.E.P., M.W.L., M.W.M., B.R.H.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Neuroimaging Research for Veterans (NeRVe) Center (E.B., D.S., J.C., W.M., R.M.), VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; Brain Aging and Dementia (BAnD) Laboratory (D.S.), A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown; National Center for PTSD (M.W.L., M.W.M., B.R.H.), Behavioral Sciences Division, VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; Boston University School of Medicine (M.W.L., R.S.), Biomedical Genetics, MA; Boston University School of Public Health (M.W.L.), Department of Biostatistics, MA; Department of Neurology (B.R.H.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Geriatric Research (W.M., R.M.), Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; and Department of Psychiatry (W.M., R.M.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Richard Sherva
- Department of Psychology (J.P.H., K.V.), The Ohio State University, & Chronic Brain Injury Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus; Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders (TRACTS) (M.E.P., E.B., D.S., J.C., W.M., R.M.), VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; Department of Psychiatry (M.E.P., M.W.L., M.W.M., B.R.H.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Neuroimaging Research for Veterans (NeRVe) Center (E.B., D.S., J.C., W.M., R.M.), VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; Brain Aging and Dementia (BAnD) Laboratory (D.S.), A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown; National Center for PTSD (M.W.L., M.W.M., B.R.H.), Behavioral Sciences Division, VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; Boston University School of Medicine (M.W.L., R.S.), Biomedical Genetics, MA; Boston University School of Public Health (M.W.L.), Department of Biostatistics, MA; Department of Neurology (B.R.H.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Geriatric Research (W.M., R.M.), Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; and Department of Psychiatry (W.M., R.M.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Bertrand Russell Huber
- Department of Psychology (J.P.H., K.V.), The Ohio State University, & Chronic Brain Injury Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus; Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders (TRACTS) (M.E.P., E.B., D.S., J.C., W.M., R.M.), VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; Department of Psychiatry (M.E.P., M.W.L., M.W.M., B.R.H.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Neuroimaging Research for Veterans (NeRVe) Center (E.B., D.S., J.C., W.M., R.M.), VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; Brain Aging and Dementia (BAnD) Laboratory (D.S.), A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown; National Center for PTSD (M.W.L., M.W.M., B.R.H.), Behavioral Sciences Division, VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; Boston University School of Medicine (M.W.L., R.S.), Biomedical Genetics, MA; Boston University School of Public Health (M.W.L.), Department of Biostatistics, MA; Department of Neurology (B.R.H.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Geriatric Research (W.M., R.M.), Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; and Department of Psychiatry (W.M., R.M.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - William Milberg
- Department of Psychology (J.P.H., K.V.), The Ohio State University, & Chronic Brain Injury Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus; Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders (TRACTS) (M.E.P., E.B., D.S., J.C., W.M., R.M.), VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; Department of Psychiatry (M.E.P., M.W.L., M.W.M., B.R.H.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Neuroimaging Research for Veterans (NeRVe) Center (E.B., D.S., J.C., W.M., R.M.), VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; Brain Aging and Dementia (BAnD) Laboratory (D.S.), A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown; National Center for PTSD (M.W.L., M.W.M., B.R.H.), Behavioral Sciences Division, VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; Boston University School of Medicine (M.W.L., R.S.), Biomedical Genetics, MA; Boston University School of Public Health (M.W.L.), Department of Biostatistics, MA; Department of Neurology (B.R.H.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Geriatric Research (W.M., R.M.), Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; and Department of Psychiatry (W.M., R.M.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Regina McGlinchey
- Department of Psychology (J.P.H., K.V.), The Ohio State University, & Chronic Brain Injury Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus; Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders (TRACTS) (M.E.P., E.B., D.S., J.C., W.M., R.M.), VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; Department of Psychiatry (M.E.P., M.W.L., M.W.M., B.R.H.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Neuroimaging Research for Veterans (NeRVe) Center (E.B., D.S., J.C., W.M., R.M.), VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; Brain Aging and Dementia (BAnD) Laboratory (D.S.), A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown; National Center for PTSD (M.W.L., M.W.M., B.R.H.), Behavioral Sciences Division, VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; Boston University School of Medicine (M.W.L., R.S.), Biomedical Genetics, MA; Boston University School of Public Health (M.W.L.), Department of Biostatistics, MA; Department of Neurology (B.R.H.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA; Geriatric Research (W.M., R.M.), Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Boston Healthcare System, MA; and Department of Psychiatry (W.M., R.M.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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14
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Sun D, Mei L, Xiong WC. Dorsal Dentate Gyrus, a Key Regulator for Mood and Psychiatric Disorders. Biol Psychiatry 2023:S0006-3223(23)00009-4. [PMID: 36894487 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The dentate gyrus, a "gate" that controls the flow of information into the hippocampus, is critical for learning, memory, spatial navigation, and mood regulation. Several lines of evidence have demonstrated that deficits in dentate granule cells (DGCs) (e.g., loss of DGCs or genetic mutations in DGCs) contribute to the development of various psychiatric disorders, such as depression and anxiety disorders. Whereas ventral DGCs are believed to be critical for mood regulation, the functions of dorsal DGCs in this regard remain elusive. Here, we review the role of DGCs, in particular the dorsal DGCs, in the regulation of mood, their functional relationships with DGC development, and the contributions of dysfunctional DGCs to mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Sun
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Lin Mei
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Wen-Cheng Xiong
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.
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15
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Twait EL, Blom K, Koek HL, Zwartbol MHT, Ghaznawi R, Hendrikse J, Gerritsen L, Geerlings MI. Psychosocial factors and hippocampal subfields: The Medea-7T study. Hum Brain Mapp 2022; 44:1964-1984. [PMID: 36583397 PMCID: PMC9980899 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Specific subfields within the hippocampus have shown vulnerability to chronic stress, highlighting the importance of looking regionally within the hippocampus to understand the role of psychosocial factors in the development of neurodegenerative diseases. A systematic review on psychosocial factors and hippocampal subfield volumes was performed and showed inconsistent results, highlighting the need for future studies to explore this relationship. The current study aimed to explore the association of psychosocial factors with hippocampal (subfield) volumes, using high-field 7T MRI. Data were from the Memory Depression and Aging (Medea)-7T study, which included 333 participants without dementia. Hippocampal subfields were automatically segmented from T2-weighted images using ASHS software. Generalized linear models accounting for correlated outcomes were used to assess the association between subfields (i.e., entorhinal cortex, subiculum, Cornu Ammonis [CA]1, CA2, CA3, dentate gyrus, and tail) and each psychosocial factor (i.e., depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, childhood maltreatment, recent stressful life events, and social support), adjusted for age, sex, and intracranial volume. Neither depression nor anxiety was associated with specific hippocampal (subfield) volumes. A trend for lower total hippocampal volume was found in those reporting childhood maltreatment, and a trend for higher total hippocampal volume was found in those who experienced a recent stressful life event. Among subfields, low social support was associated with lower volume in the CA3 (B = -0.43, 95% CI: -0.72; -0.15). This study suggests possible differential effects among hippocampal (subfield) volumes and psychosocial factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma L. Twait
- Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary CareUniversity Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Kim Blom
- Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary CareUniversity Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Huiberdina L. Koek
- Department of GeriatricsUniversity Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Maarten H. T. Zwartbol
- Department of RadiologyUniversity Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Rashid Ghaznawi
- Department of RadiologyUniversity Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Hendrikse
- Department of RadiologyUniversity Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Lotte Gerritsen
- Department of PsychologyUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Mirjam I. Geerlings
- Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary CareUniversity Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands,Department of General PracticeAmsterdam UMC, Location University of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands,Amsterdam Public Health, Aging & Later life, and Personalized MedicineAmsterdamThe Netherlands,Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, and Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Stress, and SleepAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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16
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Aberrant ventral dentate gyrus structure and function in trauma susceptible mice. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:502. [PMID: 36473832 PMCID: PMC9723770 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02264-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric disorder vulnerable individuals can develop following a traumatic event, whereas others are resilient. Enhanced insight into the mechanistic underpinnings contributing to these inter-individual differences in trauma susceptibility is key to improved treatment and prevention. Aberrant function of the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) may contribute to its psychopathology, with the dorsal DG potentially encoding trauma memory generalization and the ventral DG anxiety. Using a mouse model, we hypothesized that susceptibility to develop PTSD-like symptoms following trauma will be underpinned by aberrant DG structure and function. Mice were exposed to a traumatic event (unpredictable, inescapable foot shocks) and tested for PTSD-like symptomatology following recovery. In four independent experiments, DG neuronal morphology, synaptic protein gene and protein expression, and neuronal activity during trauma encoding and recall were assessed. Behaviorally, trauma-susceptible animals displayed increased anxiety-like behavior already prior to trauma, increased novelty-induced freezing, but no clear differences in remote trauma memory recall. Comparison of the ventral DG of trauma susceptible vs resilient mice revealed lower spine density, reduced expression of the postsynaptic protein homer1b/c gene and protein, a larger population of neurons active during trauma encoding, and a greater presence of somatostatin neurons. In contrast, the dorsal DG of trauma-susceptible animals did not differ in terms of spine density or gene expression but displayed more active neurons during trauma encoding and a lower amount of somatostatin neurons. Collectively, we here report on specific structural and functional changes in the ventral DG in trauma susceptible male mice.
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17
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Yuan M, Zhu H, Li Y, Ge F, Lui S, Gong Q, Qiu C, Song H, Zhang W. The DRD2 Taq1A polymorphism moderates the effect of PTSD symptom severity on the left hippocampal CA3 volume: a pilot study. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2022; 239:3431-3438. [PMID: 34086098 PMCID: PMC9585014 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-021-05882-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES The hippocampus, especially the CA1, CA3, and dentate gyrus (DG) subfields, is reported to be associated with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after trauma. However, neuroimaging studies of the associations between PTSD and hippocampal subfield volumes have failed to yield consistent findings. The aim of this study is to examine whether the dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) Taq1A polymorphism, which is associated with both hippocampal function and PTSD, moderated the association between PTSD severity and hippocampal CA1, CA3 and DG volumes. METHODS T1-weighted images were acquired from 142 trauma survivors from the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake using a 3.0-T magnetic resonance imaging system. Hippocampal subfield segmentations were performed with FreeSurfer v6.0. We used the simple moderation model from the PROCESS v3.4 tool for SPSS 23.0 to examine the association between the rs1800497 polymorphism, PTSD severity, and hippocampal CA3 and DG volumes. RESULTS A significant genotype × PTSD symptom severity interaction was found for the left CA3 volume (ΔF = 5.01, p = 0.008, ΔR2 = 0.05). Post hoc, exploratory analyses deconstructing the interaction revealed that severe PTSD symptomatology were associated with reduced left CA3 volume among TC heterozygotes (t = - 2.86, p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that DRD2 Taq1A polymorphism moderates the association between PTSD symptomatology and left CA3 volume, which promotes an etiological understanding of the hippocampal atrophy at the subfield level. This highlights the complex effect of environmental stress, and provides possible mechanism for the relationship between the dopaminergic system and hippocampal function in PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minlan Yuan
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, the State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
- Huaxi Brain Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongru Zhu
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, the State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
- Huaxi Brain Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuchen Li
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, the State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
- Huaxi Brain Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fenfen Ge
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, the State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
- Huaxi Brain Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Su Lui
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Radiology Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Changjian Qiu
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, the State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
- Huaxi Brain Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huan Song
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.
- Medical Big Data Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, the State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.
- Huaxi Brain Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.
- Medical Big Data Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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18
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Szeszko PR, Bierer LM, Bader HN, Chu KW, Tang CY, Murphy KM, Hazlett EA, Flory JD, Yehuda R. Cingulate and hippocampal subregion abnormalities in combat-exposed veterans with PTSD. J Affect Disord 2022; 311:432-439. [PMID: 35598747 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.05.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hippocampus and cingulate gyrus are strongly interconnected brain regions that have been implicated in the neurobiology of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). These brain structures are comprised of functionally distinct subregions that may contribute to the expression of PTSD symptoms or associated cardio-metabolic markers, but have not been well investigated in prior studies. METHODS Two divisions of the cingulate cortex (i.e., rostral and caudal) and 11 hippocampal subregions were investigated in 22 male combat-exposed veterans with PTSD and 22 male trauma-exposed veteran controls (TC). Cardio-metabolic measures included cholesterol, body mass index, and mean arterial pressure. RESULTS Individuals with PTSD had less caudal cingulate area compared to TC even after controlling for caudal cingulate thickness. Total hippocampus volume was lower in PTSD compared to TC, accounted for by differences in CA1-CA4, granule cell layer of the dentate gyrus, molecular layer, and subiculum. Individuals with PTSD had higher mean arterial pressure compared to TC, which correlated with hippocampus volume only in the PTSD group. LIMITATIONS Sample size, cross-sectional analysis, no control for medications and findings limited to males. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate preferential involvement of caudal cingulate area (vs. thickness) and hippocampus subregions in PTSD. The inverse association between hippocampus volume and mean arterial pressure may contribute to accelerated aging known to be associated with PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip R Szeszko
- Mental Health Patient Care Center, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Linda M Bierer
- Mental Health Patient Care Center, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Heather N Bader
- Mental Health Patient Care Center, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - King-Wai Chu
- Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Cheuk Y Tang
- Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Diagnostic, Molecular, and Interventional Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Katharine M Murphy
- Mental Health Patient Care Center, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Erin A Hazlett
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Janine D Flory
- Mental Health Patient Care Center, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rachel Yehuda
- Mental Health Patient Care Center, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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19
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Cai M, Park HR, Yang EJ. Nutraceutical Interventions for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Animal Models: A Focus on the Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal Axis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15070898. [PMID: 35890196 PMCID: PMC9324528 DOI: 10.3390/ph15070898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) occurs after exposure to traumatic events and is characterized by overwhelming fear and anxiety. Disturbances in the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis are involved in the pathogenesis of mood disorders, including anxiety, PTSD, and major depressive disorders. Studies have demonstrated the relationship between the HPA axis response and stress vulnerability, indicating that the HPA axis regulates the immune system, fear memory, and neurotransmission. The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), sertraline and paroxetine, are the only drugs that have been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of PTSD. However, SSRIs require long treatment times and are associated with lower response and remission rates; therefore, additional pharmacological interventions are required. Complementary and alternative medicine therapies ameliorate HPA axis disturbances through regulation of gut dysbiosis, insomnia, chronic stress, and depression. We have described the cellular and molecular mechanisms through which the HPA axis is involved in PTSD pathogenesis and have evaluated the potential of herbal medicines for PTSD treatment. Herbal medicines could comprise a good therapeutic strategy for HPA axis regulation and can simultaneously improve PTSD-related symptoms. Finally, herbal medicines may lead to novel biologically driven approaches for the treatment and prevention of PTSD.
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20
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Genetic Specificity of Hippocampal Subfield Volumes, Relative to Hippocampal Formation, Identified in 2148 Young Adult Twins and Siblings. Twin Res Hum Genet 2022; 25:129-139. [PMID: 35791873 DOI: 10.1017/thg.2022.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The hippocampus is a complex brain structure with key roles in cognitive and emotional processing and with subregion abnormalities associated with a range of disorders and psychopathologies. Here we combine data from two large independent young adult twin/sibling cohorts to obtain the most accurate estimates to date of genetic covariation between hippocampal subfield volumes and the hippocampus as a single volume. The combined sample included 2148 individuals, comprising 1073 individuals from 627 families (mean age = 22.3 years) from the Queensland Twin IMaging (QTIM) Study, and 1075 individuals from 454 families (mean age = 28.8 years) from the Human Connectome Project (HCP). Hippocampal subfields were segmented using FreeSurfer version 6.0 (CA4 and dentate gyrus were phenotypically and genetically indistinguishable and were summed to a single volume). Multivariate twin modeling was conducted in OpenMx to decompose variance into genetic and environmental sources. Bivariate analyses of hippocampal formation and each subfield volume showed that 10%-72% of subfield genetic variance was independent of the hippocampal formation, with greatest specificity found for the smaller volumes; for example, CA2/3 with 42% of genetic variance being independent of the hippocampus; fissure (63%); fimbria (72%); hippocampus-amygdala transition area (41%); parasubiculum (62%). In terms of genetic influence, whole hippocampal volume is a good proxy for the largest hippocampal subfields, but a poor substitute for the smaller subfields. Additive genetic sources accounted for 49%-77% of total variance for each of the subfields in the combined sample multivariate analysis. In addition, the multivariate analyses were sufficiently powered to identify common environmental influences (replicated in QTIM and HCP for the molecular layer and CA4/dentate gyrus, and accounting for 7%-16% of total variance for 8 of 10 subfields in the combined sample). This provides the clearest indication yet from a twin study that factors such as home environment may influence hippocampal volumes (albeit, with caveats).
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21
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Gupta S, Guleria RS. Involvement of Nuclear Factor-κB in Inflammation and Neuronal Plasticity Associated with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Cells 2022; 11:cells11132034. [PMID: 35805118 PMCID: PMC9265339 DOI: 10.3390/cells11132034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating psychiatric condition which develops either due to stress or witnessing a traumatic situation. PTSD is characterized by acute and chronic stress response exhibit anxiety, fear, and an increased inflammatory etiology. Inflammation contributes a critical role in several parts of the brain that control fear and flashback cognatic function. It is known that impairment of the neurological circuit leads to the development of PTSD. Evidence has suggested that dysregulation of the sympathetic nervous system and hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis and inflammatory responsiveness are pivotal and a greater risk in PTSD. NF-κB, a master regulator for inflammation, has been showed to modulate memory reconsolidation and synaptic plasticity; however, NF-κB’s association with PTSD remain elusive. In this review, we provide relevant findings regarding NF-κB activity in various components of brain and describe a potential mechanism linking PTSD using preclinical and clinical models. We envisage NF-κB signaling as a crucial mediator for inflammation, cognitive function, memory restoration and behavioral actions of stress and suggest that it could be used for therapeutic intervention in PTSD.
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22
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Gentsch A, Kuehn E. Clinical Manifestations of Body Memories: The Impact of Past Bodily Experiences on Mental Health. Brain Sci 2022; 12:594. [PMID: 35624981 PMCID: PMC9138975 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12050594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Bodily experiences such as the feeling of touch, pain or inner signals of the body are deeply emotional and activate brain networks that mediate their perception and higher-order processing. While the ad hoc perception of bodily signals and their influence on behavior is empirically well studied, there is a knowledge gap on how we store and retrieve bodily experiences that we perceived in the past, and how this influences our everyday life. Here, we explore the hypothesis that negative body memories, that is, negative bodily experiences of the past that are stored in memory and influence behavior, contribute to the development of somatic manifestations of mental health problems including somatic symptoms, traumatic re-experiences or dissociative symptoms. By combining knowledge from the areas of cognitive neuroscience and clinical neuroscience with insights from psychotherapy, we identify Clinical Body Memory (CBM) mechanisms that specify how mental health problems could be driven by corporeal experiences stored in memory. The major argument is that the investigation of the neuronal mechanisms that underlie the storage and retrieval of body memories provides us with empirical access to reduce the negative impact of body memories on mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antje Gentsch
- Department of Psychology, General and Experimental Psychology, LMU Munich, 80802 Munich, Germany;
- Institute for Psychoanalysis, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (IPB), 10557 Berlin, Germany
| | - Esther Kuehn
- Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research (HIH), 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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23
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Picci G, Christopher-Hayes NJ, Petro NM, Taylor BK, Eastman JA, Frenzel MR, Wang YP, Stephen JM, Calhoun VD, Wilson TW. Amygdala and hippocampal subregions mediate outcomes following trauma during typical development: Evidence from high-resolution structural MRI. Neurobiol Stress 2022; 18:100456. [PMID: 35542044 PMCID: PMC9079354 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2022.100456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The vast majority of individuals experience trauma within their lifetime. Yet, most people do not go on to develop clinical levels of psychopathology. Recently, studies have highlighted the potential protective effects of having larger amygdala and hippocampal volumes, such that larger volumes may promote adaptive functioning following trauma. However, research has not yet elucidated whether certain subregions of these stress-sensitive structures have specific protective effects. Herein, we examined the mediating effects of amygdala and hippocampal subregions on the relationship between traumatic exposure and concurrent or longitudinal changes in psychiatric symptom levels in typically developing youth (9-15 years of age). Using high-resolution T1-and T2-weighted structural MRI scans, we found that the volume of the right basolateral complex of the amygdala mediated associations between trauma exposure and internalizing symptoms. Specifically, greater levels of childhood trauma related to larger volumes, and larger volumes were associated with fewer internalizing symptoms. The volume of the right CA4/dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus yielded similar mediation results, such that greater trauma was related to larger volumes, which in turn were associated with decreases in internalizing symptoms across time. These findings provide initial support for potentially protective effects of larger right amygdala and hippocampal subregion volumes against internalizing symptomology concurrently and longitudinally during adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Picci
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA
| | - Nicholas J. Christopher-Hayes
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA
- Center for Mind and Brain, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Nathan M. Petro
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA
| | - Brittany K. Taylor
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Jacob A. Eastman
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA
| | - Michaela R. Frenzel
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA
| | - Yu-Ping Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | | | - Vince D. Calhoun
- Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, USA
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Tony W. Wilson
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA
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24
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Brown EM, Salat DH, Milberg WP, Fortier CB, McGlinchey RE. Accelerated longitudinal cortical atrophy in
OEF
/
OIF
/
OND
veterans with severe
PTSD
and the impact of comorbid
TBI. Hum Brain Mapp 2022; 43:3694-3705. [PMID: 35426972 PMCID: PMC9294300 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Veterans who deployed in support of Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF), Iraqi Freedom (OIF), and New Dawn (OND) commonly experience severe psychological trauma, often accompanied by physical brain trauma resulting in mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Prior studies of individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have revealed alterations in brain structure, accelerated cellular aging, and impacts on cognition following exposure to severe psychological trauma and potential interactive effects of military‐related mTBI. To date, however, little is known how such deployment‐related trauma changes with time and age of injury of the affected veteran. In this study, we explored changes in cortical thickness, volume, and surface area after an average interval of approximately 2 years in a cohort of 254 OEF/OIF/OND Veterans ranging in age from 19 to 67 years. Whole‐brain vertex‐wise analyses revealed that veterans who met criteria for severe PTSD (Clinician‐Administered PTSD Scale ≥60) at baseline showed greater negative longitudinal changes in cortical thickness, volume, and area over time. Analyses also revealed a significant severe‐PTSD by age interaction on cortical measures with severe‐PTSD individuals exhibiting accelerated cortical degeneration with increasing age. Interaction effects of comorbid military‐related mTBI within the severe‐PTSD group were also observed in several cortical regions. These results suggest that those exhibiting severe PTSD symptomatology have accelerated atrophy that is exacerbated with increasing age and history of mTBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma M. Brown
- Neuroimaging Research for Veterans (NeRVe) Center VA Boston Healthcare System Boston Massachusetts USA
- Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders (TRACTS) VA Boston Healthcare System Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - David H. Salat
- Neuroimaging Research for Veterans (NeRVe) Center VA Boston Healthcare System Boston Massachusetts USA
- Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders (TRACTS) VA Boston Healthcare System Boston Massachusetts USA
- Brain Aging and Dementia (BAnD) Laboratory, A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology Massachusetts General Hospital Charlestown Massachusetts USA
| | - William P. Milberg
- Neuroimaging Research for Veterans (NeRVe) Center VA Boston Healthcare System Boston Massachusetts USA
- Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders (TRACTS) VA Boston Healthcare System Boston Massachusetts USA
- Department of Psychiatry Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC) VA Boston Healthcare System Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Catherine B. Fortier
- Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders (TRACTS) VA Boston Healthcare System Boston Massachusetts USA
- Department of Psychiatry Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC) VA Boston Healthcare System Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Regina E. McGlinchey
- Neuroimaging Research for Veterans (NeRVe) Center VA Boston Healthcare System Boston Massachusetts USA
- Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders (TRACTS) VA Boston Healthcare System Boston Massachusetts USA
- Department of Psychiatry Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC) VA Boston Healthcare System Boston Massachusetts USA
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25
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Thapaliya K, Staines D, Marshall-Gradisnik S, Su J, Barnden L. Volumetric differences in hippocampal subfields and associations with clinical measures in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome. J Neurosci Res 2022; 100:1476-1486. [PMID: 35355311 PMCID: PMC9321967 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) patients suffer from a cognitive and memory dysfunction. Because the hippocampus plays a key role in both cognition and memory, we tested for volumetric differences in the subfields of the hippocampus in ME/CFS. We estimated hippocampal subfield volumes for 25 ME/CFS patients who met Fukuda criteria only (ME/CFSFukuda), 18 ME/CFS patients who met the stricter ICC criteria (ME/CFSICC), and 25 healthy controls (HC). Group comparisons with HC detected extensive differences in subfield volumes in ME/CFSICC but not in ME/CFSFukuda. ME/CFSICC patients had significantly larger volume in the left subiculum head (p < 0.001), left presubiculum head (p = 0.0020), and left fimbria (p = 0.004). Correlations of hippocampus subfield volumes with clinical measures were stronger in ME/CFSICC than in ME/CFSFukuda patients. In ME/CFSFukuda patients, we detected positive correlations between fatigue and hippocampus subfield volumes and a negative correlation between sleep disturbance score and the right CA1 body volume. In ME/CFSICC patients, we detected a strong negative relationship between fatigue and left hippocampus tail volume. Strong negative relationships were also detected between pain and SF36 physical scores and two hippocampal subfield volumes (left: GC‐ML‐DG head and CA4 head). Our study demonstrated that volumetric differences in hippocampal subfields have strong statistical inference for patients meeting the ME/CFSICC case definition and confirms hippocampal involvement in the cognitive and memory problems of ME/CFSICC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Thapaliya
- National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.,Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Donald Staines
- National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Sonya Marshall-Gradisnik
- National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Jiasheng Su
- National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Leighton Barnden
- National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
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26
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Yan Y, Aierken A, Wang C, Jin W, Quan Z, Wang Z, Qing H, Ni J, Zhao J. Neuronal Circuits Associated with Fear Memory: Potential Therapeutic Targets for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. Neuroscientist 2022; 29:332-351. [PMID: 35057666 DOI: 10.1177/10738584211069977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric disorder that is associated with long-lasting memories of traumatic experiences. Extinction and discrimination of fear memory have become therapeutic targets for PTSD. Newly developed optogenetics and advanced in vivo imaging techniques have provided unprecedented spatiotemporal tools to characterize the activity, connectivity, and functionality of specific cell types in complicated neuronal circuits. The use of such tools has offered mechanistic insights into the exquisite organization of the circuitry underlying the extinction and discrimination of fear memory. This review focuses on the acquisition of more detailed, comprehensive, and integrated neural circuits to understand how the brain regulates the extinction and discrimination of fear memory. A future challenge is to translate these researches into effective therapeutic treatment for PTSD from the perspective of precise regulation of the neural circuits associated with the extinction and discrimination of fear memories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Ailikemu Aierken
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Chunjian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Jin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenzhen Quan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- The National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Qing
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Junjun Ni
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
- Aerospace Medical Center, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, China
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Kelley DP, Venable K, Destouni A, Billac G, Ebenezer P, Stadler K, Nichols C, Barker S, Francis J. Pharmahuasca and DMT Rescue ROS Production and Differentially Expressed Genes Observed after Predator and Psychosocial Stress: Relevance to Human PTSD. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:257-274. [PMID: 34990116 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with cognitive deficits, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Animal models have recapitulated features of PTSD, but no comparative RNA sequencing analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the brain between PTSD and animal models of traumatic stress has been carried out. We compared DEGs from the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of an established stress model to DEGs from the dorsolateral PFC (dlPFC) of humans. We observed a significant enrichment of rat DEGs in human PTSD and identified 20 overlapping DEGs, of which 17 (85%) are directionally concordant. N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) is a known indirect antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective compound with antidepressant and plasticity-facilitating effects. We tested the capacity of DMT, the monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) harmaline, and "pharmahuasca" (DMT + harmaline) to reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and inflammatory gene expression and to modulate neuroplasticity-related gene expression in the model. We administered DMT (2 mg/kg IP), harmaline (1.5 mg/kg IP), pharmahuasca, or vehicle every other day for 5 days, following a 30 day stress regiment. We measured ROS production in the PFC and hippocampus (HC) by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy and sequenced total mRNA in the PFC. We also performed in vitro assays to measure the affinity and efficacy of DMT and harmaline at 5HT2AR compared to 5-HT. DMT and pharmahuasca reduced ROS production in the PFC and HC, while harmaline had mixed effects. Treatments normalized 9, 12, and 14 overlapping DEGs, and pathway analysis implicated that genes were involved in ROS production, inflammation, growth factor signaling, neurotransmission, and neuroplasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Parker Kelley
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Katy Venable
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Aspasia Destouni
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Gerald Billac
- Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, United States
| | - Philip Ebenezer
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Krisztian Stadler
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808, United States
| | - Charles Nichols
- Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, United States
| | - Steven Barker
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Joseph Francis
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
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Weis CN, Webb EK, Huggins AA, Kallenbach M, Miskovich TA, Fitzgerald JM, Bennett KP, Krukowski JL, deRoon-Cassini TA, Larson CL. Stability of hippocampal subfield volumes after trauma and relationship to development of PTSD symptoms. Neuroimage 2021; 236:118076. [PMID: 33878374 PMCID: PMC8284190 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hippocampus plays a central role in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) pathogenesis, and the majority of neuroimaging research on PTSD has studied the hippocampus in its entirety. Although extensive literature demonstrates changes in hippocampal volume are associated with PTSD, fewer studies have probed the relationship between symptoms and the hippocampus' functionally and structurally distinct subfields. We utilized data from a longitudinal study examining post-trauma outcomes to determine whether hippocampal subfield volumes change post-trauma and whether specific subfields are significantly associated with, or prospectively related to, PTSD symptom severity. As a secondary aim, we leveraged our unique study design sample to also investigate reliability of hippocampal subfield volumes using both cross-sectional and longitudinal pipelines available in FreeSurfer v6.0. METHODS Two-hundred and fifteen traumatically injured individuals were recruited from an urban Emergency Department. Two-weeks post-injury, participants underwent two consecutive days of neuroimaging (time 1: T1, and time 2: T2) with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and completed self-report assessments. Six-months later (time 3: T3), participants underwent an additional scan and were administered a structured interview assessing PTSD symptoms. First, we calculated reliability of hippocampal measurements at T1 and T2 (automatically segmented with FreeSurfer v6.0). We then examined the prospective (T1 subfields) and cross-sectional (T3 subfields) relationship between volumes and PTSD. Finally, we tested whether change in subfield volumes between T1 and T3 explained PTSD symptom variability. RESULTS After controlling for sex, age, and total brain volume, none of the subfield volumes (T1) were prospectively related to T3 PTSD symptoms nor were subfield volumes (T3) associated with current PTSD symptoms (T3). Tl - T2 reliability of all hippocampal subfields ranged from good to excellent (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) values > 0.83), with poorer reliability in the hippocampal fissure. CONCLUSION Our study was a novel examination of the prospective relationship between hippocampal subfield volumes in relation to PTSD in a large trauma-exposed urban sample. There was no significant relationship between subfield volumes and PTSD symptoms, however, we confirmed FreeSurfer v6.0 hippocampal subfield segmentation is reliable when applied to a traumatically-injured sample, using both cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis pipelines. Although hippocampal subfield volumes may be an important marker of individual variability in PTSD, findings are likely conditional on the timing of the measurements (e.g. acute or chronic post-trauma periods) and analysis strategy (e.g. cross-sectional or prospective).
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Affiliation(s)
- C N Weis
- University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, Psychology, Department of Psychology, 334 Garland Hall, 2441 E. Hartford Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53211, United States.
| | - E K Webb
- University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, Psychology, Department of Psychology, 334 Garland Hall, 2441 E. Hartford Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53211, United States
| | - A A Huggins
- University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, Psychology, Department of Psychology, 334 Garland Hall, 2441 E. Hartford Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53211, United States
| | - M Kallenbach
- University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, Psychology, Department of Psychology, 334 Garland Hall, 2441 E. Hartford Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53211, United States
| | - T A Miskovich
- University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, Psychology, Department of Psychology, 334 Garland Hall, 2441 E. Hartford Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53211, United States
| | - J M Fitzgerald
- University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, Psychology, Department of Psychology, 334 Garland Hall, 2441 E. Hartford Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53211, United States
| | - K P Bennett
- University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, Psychology, Department of Psychology, 334 Garland Hall, 2441 E. Hartford Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53211, United States
| | - J L Krukowski
- University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, Psychology, Department of Psychology, 334 Garland Hall, 2441 E. Hartford Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53211, United States
| | - T A deRoon-Cassini
- University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, Psychology, Department of Psychology, 334 Garland Hall, 2441 E. Hartford Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53211, United States
| | - C L Larson
- University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, Psychology, Department of Psychology, 334 Garland Hall, 2441 E. Hartford Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53211, United States
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Andreou D, Jørgensen KN, Nerland S, Engen K, Yolken RH, Andreassen OA, Agartz I. Cytomegalovirus infection associated with smaller dentate gyrus in men with severe mental illness. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 96:54-62. [PMID: 34010712 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is usually inapparent in healthy adults but persists for life. Neural progenitor/stem cells are main CMV targets, and dentate gyrus (DG) a major neurogenic niche. Smaller DG volume has been repeatedly reported in severe mental illness (SMI). Considering the suggested immune system, blood-brain barrier and DG disturbances in SMI, we hypothesized that CMV exposure is associated with smaller DG volume in patients, but not healthy controls (HC). Due to the differential male and female immune response to CMV, we hypothesized sex-dependent associations. 381 adult patients with SMI (schizophrenia spectrum or bipolar spectrum disorders) and 396 HC were included. MRI scans were obtained with 1.5T Siemens MAGNETOM Sonata scanner or 3T General Electric Signa HDxt scanner, and processed with FreeSurfer v6.0. CMV immunoglobulin G antibody concentrations were measured by solid phase immunoassay. We investigated main and interaction effects of CMV status (antibody positivity/CMV + vs. negativity/CMV-) and sex on DG in patients and HC. Among patients, there was a significant CMV-by-sex interaction on DG (p = 0.009); CMV + male patients had significantly smaller DG volume than CMV- male patients (p = 0.001, 39 mm3 volume difference) whereas no CMV-DG association was found in female patients. Post-hoc analysis among male patients showed that the CMV-DG association was present in both hemispheres and in both patients with schizophrenia spectrum and bipolar spectrum disorders, and further, that higher CMV antibody titers were associated with smaller DG. No CMV-DG association was found in HC. The results indicate a DG vulnerability to CMV infection in men with SMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Andreou
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Kjetil Nordbø Jørgensen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stener Nerland
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristine Engen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Robert H Yolken
- Stanley Division of Developmental Neurovirology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Neural substrates of human fear generalization: A 7T-fMRI investigation. Neuroimage 2021; 239:118308. [PMID: 34175426 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Fear generalization - the tendency to interpret ambiguous stimuli as threatening due to perceptual similarity to a learned threat - is an adaptive process. Overgeneralization, however, is maladaptive and has been implicated in a number of anxiety disorders. Neuroimaging research has indicated several regions sensitive to effects of generalization, including regions involved in fear excitation (e.g., amygdala, insula) and inhibition (e.g., ventromedial prefrontal cortex). Research has suggested several other small brain regions may play an important role in this process (e.g., hippocampal subfields, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis [BNST], habenula), but, to date, these regions have not been examined during fear generalization due to limited spatial resolution of standard human neuroimaging. To this end, we utilized the high spatial resolution of 7T fMRI to characterize the neural circuits involved in threat discrimination and generalization. Additionally, we examined potential modulating effects of trait anxiety and intolerance of uncertainty on neural activation during threat generalization. In a sample of 31 healthy undergraduate students, significant positive generalization effects (i.e., greater activation for stimuli with increasing perceptual similarity to a learned threat cue) were observed in the visual cortex, thalamus, habenula and BNST, while negative generalization effects were observed in the dentate gyrus, CA1, and CA3. Associations with individual differences were underpowered, though preliminary findings suggested greater generalization in the insula and primary somatosensory cortex may be correlated with self-reported anxiety. Overall, findings largely support previous neuroimaging work on fear generalization and provide additional insight into the contributions of several previously unexplored brain regions.
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31
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Koch SBJ, van Ast VA, Kaldewaij R, Hashemi MM, Zhang W, Klumpers F, Roelofs K. Larger dentate gyrus volume as predisposing resilience factor for the development of trauma-related symptoms. Neuropsychopharmacology 2021; 46:1283-1292. [PMID: 33479507 PMCID: PMC8134447 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-020-00947-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Early interventions to improve resilience require the identification of objective risk biomarkers for PTSD symptom development. Although altered hippocampal and amygdala volumes are consistently observed in PTSD, it remains currently unknown whether they represent a predisposing vulnerability factor for PTSD symptom development or an acquired consequence of trauma exposure and/or the disorder. We conducted a longitudinal, prospective study in 210 police recruits at high risk for trauma exposure (56 females(26.7%); mean[SD] age = 24.02[5.19]). Structural MRI scans and trauma-related symptom severity were assessed at pre-trauma baseline and at 16-month follow-up. Between assessments, police recruits were exposed to various potentially traumatic events during their police training. Police recruits reported a significant increase in police-related trauma exposure and stress-related symptoms between assessments. Smaller hippocampal left dentate gyrus (DG) volumes at baseline predicted increase in self-reported PTSD symptoms (B[SE] = -0.21[0.08], p = 0.011), stress symptoms (B[SE] = -0.16[0.07], p = 0.024) and negative affect (B[SE] = -0.21[0.07], p = 0.005) upon trauma exposure. Amount of police-related trauma exposure between assessments was positively associated with an increase in left basal amygdala nucleus volume (B[SE] = 0.11[0.05], p = 0.026). Taken together, smaller DG-volumes pre-trauma may represent a predisposing neurobiological vulnerability factor for development of trauma-related symptoms. On the other hand, amount of trauma exposure between assessments was positively associated with increased amygdala basal nucleus volume, suggesting acquired neural effects. These findings suggest that preventive interventions for PTSD aimed at improving resilience could be targeted at increasing DG-volume and potentially its functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saskia B J Koch
- Donders Institute, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Vanessa A van Ast
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Reinoud Kaldewaij
- Donders Institute, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mahur M Hashemi
- Donders Institute, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Wei Zhang
- Donders Institute, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Floris Klumpers
- Donders Institute, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Karin Roelofs
- Donders Institute, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Postel C, Mary A, Dayan J, Fraisse F, Vallée T, Guillery-Girard B, Viader F, Sayette VDL, Peschanski D, Eustache F, Gagnepain P. Variations in response to trauma and hippocampal subfield changes. Neurobiol Stress 2021; 15:100346. [PMID: 34113695 PMCID: PMC8170416 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2021.100346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Models of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) suggest that the hippocampus is key to the persistence of traumatic memory. Yet very little is known about the precise changes that take place in this structure, nor their relation with PTSD symptoms. Previous studies have mostly used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at low resolutions, making it impossible to identify sensitive anatomical landmarks, or compared groups often unequally matched in terms of traumatic exposure. The present cross-sectional study included 92 individuals who had all been exposed to the terrorist attacks in Paris on November 13, 2015 (53 of whom subsequently developed PTSD) and 56 individuals who had not been exposed. Hippocampal subfield volumes were estimated using cross-validated automatic segmentation of high-resolution MRI images. Results revealed changes in CA1 and CA2-3/dentate gyrus (DG) volumes in individuals with PTSD, but not in resilient (i.e., exposed but without PTSD) individuals, after controlling for potential nuisance variables such as previous traumatic exposure and substance abuse. In line with current models of hippocampal subfield functions, CA1 changes were linked to the uncontrollable re-experiencing of intrusive memories, while CA2-3/DG changes, potentially exacerbated by comorbid depression, fostered the overgeneralization of fear linked to avoidance and hypervigilance behaviors. Additional analyses revealed that CA1 integrity was linked to optimum functioning of the memory control network in resilient individuals. These findings shed new light on potential pathophysiological mechanisms in the hippocampus subtending the development of PTSD and the failure to recover from trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Postel
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Research University, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, 14000, Caen, France
| | - Alison Mary
- Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Unit (UR2NF), Centre for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences (CRCN), UNI-ULB Neuroscience Institute, Université libre de Bruxelles, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jacques Dayan
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Research University, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, 14000, Caen, France
| | - Florence Fraisse
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Research University, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, 14000, Caen, France
| | - Thomas Vallée
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Research University, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, 14000, Caen, France
| | - Bérengère Guillery-Girard
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Research University, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, 14000, Caen, France
| | - Fausto Viader
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Research University, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, 14000, Caen, France
| | - Vincent de la Sayette
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Research University, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, 14000, Caen, France
| | - Denis Peschanski
- Université Paris I Panthéon Sorbonne, HESAM Université, EHESS, CNRS, UMR8209, Paris, France
| | - Francis Eustache
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Research University, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, 14000, Caen, France
| | - Pierre Gagnepain
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Research University, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, 14000, Caen, France
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Deri Y, Clouston SAP, DeLorenzo C, Gardus JD, Horton M, Tang C, Pellecchia AC, Santiago‐Michels S, Carr MA, Gandy S, Sano M, Bromet EJ, Lucchini RG, Luft BJ. Selective hippocampal subfield volume reductions in World Trade Center responders with cognitive impairment. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 13:e12165. [PMID: 33816755 PMCID: PMC8011041 DOI: 10.1002/dad2.12165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The objective of this study was to investigate associations between dementia in World Trade Center (WTC) responders and in vivo volumetric measures of hippocampal subfield volumes in WTC responders at midlife. METHODS A sample of 99 WTC responders was divided into dementia and unimpaired groups. Participants underwent structural T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Volumetric measures included the overall hippocampus and eight subfields. Regression models examined volumetric measure of interest adjusting for confounders including intracranial volume. RESULTS Dementia was associated with smaller hippocampal volume and with reductions across hippocampal subfields. Smaller hippocampal subfield volumes were associated with longer cumulative time worked at the WTC. Domain-specific cognitive performance was associated with lower volumetric measures across hippocampal subregions. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to investigate hippocampal subfield volumes in a sample of WTC responders at midlife. Selective hippocampal subfield volume reductions suggested abnormal cognition that were associated with WTC exposure duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael Deri
- Department of MedicineRenaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookNew YorkUSA
| | - Sean A. P. Clouston
- Program in Public Health and Department of Family, Population, and Preventive MedicineRenaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookNew YorkUSA
| | - Christine DeLorenzo
- Department of PsychiatryRenaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookNew YorkUSA
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringStony Brook UniversityStony BrookNew YorkUSA
| | - John D. Gardus
- Department of PsychiatryRenaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookNew YorkUSA
| | - Megan Horton
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public HealthIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Cheuk Tang
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging InstituteIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Alison C. Pellecchia
- Stony Brook World Trade Center Wellness ProgramRenaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookNew YorkUSA
| | - Stephanie Santiago‐Michels
- Stony Brook World Trade Center Wellness ProgramRenaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookNew YorkUSA
| | - Melissa A. Carr
- Stony Brook World Trade Center Wellness ProgramRenaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookNew YorkUSA
| | - Sam Gandy
- Barbara and Maurice Deane Center for Wellness and Cognitive Health and the Mount Sinai Center for NFL Neurological Care, Department of NeurologyIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Mount Sinai Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Mary Sano
- Mount Sinai Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Evelyn J. Bromet
- Department of PsychiatryRenaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookNew YorkUSA
| | - Roberto G. Lucchini
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public HealthIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Benjamin J. Luft
- Department of MedicineRenaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookNew YorkUSA
- Stony Brook World Trade Center Wellness ProgramRenaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookNew YorkUSA
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Misaki M, Mulyana B, Zotev V, Wurfel BE, Krueger F, Feldner M, Bodurka J. Hippocampal volume recovery with real-time functional MRI amygdala neurofeedback emotional training for posttraumatic stress disorder. J Affect Disord 2021; 283:229-235. [PMID: 33561804 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small hippocampal volume is a prevalent neurostructural abnormality in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, whether the hippocampal atrophy is the cause of disease symptoms or a pre-existing risk factor and whether it is a reversible alteration or a permanent trait are unclear. The trait- or state-dependent alteration could also differ among the hippocampal subfields. METHODS The study examined the longitudinal hippocampal volume changes due to positive emotional training with left amygdala (LA) real-time fMRI neurofeedback (rtfMRI-nf) in combat veterans with PTSD. The participants were trained to increase the neurofeedback signal from LA (experimental group, N = 20) or brain region not involved in emotion processing (control group, N = 9) by recalling a positive autobiographical memory. The pre- and post-training structural MRI brain images were processed with FreeSurfer to evaluate the hippocampal subfield volumes. Hippocampal volumes for healthy controls (N = 43) were also examined to evaluate the baseline abnormality in PTSD. RESULTS A significant group difference in volume change was found in the left CA1 head region. This region had the most significant volume reduction at the baseline in PTSD. The experimental group showed a significant volume increase, while the control group showed a significant volume decrease in this region. The volume change in the control group negatively correlated with interval days between the scans. LIMITATIONS A cognitive improvement due to the hippocampal volume increase could not be found with symptom scales. CONCLUSIONS RtfMRI-nf positive emotional training increased the hippocampus volume among people with PTSD, suggesting that hippocampal atrophy in PTSD is modifiable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Misaki
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States.
| | - Beni Mulyana
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States; Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Tulsa, OK, United States
| | - Vadim Zotev
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States
| | - Brent E Wurfel
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States; Laureate Psychiatric Clinic and Hospital, Tulsa, OK, United States
| | - Frank Krueger
- Neuroscience Department, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States
| | - Matthew Feldner
- Department of Psychological Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Jerzy Bodurka
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States; Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, United States.
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Li L, Pan N, Zhang L, Lui S, Huang X, Xu X, Wang S, Lei D, Li L, Kemp GJ, Gong Q. Hippocampal subfield alterations in pediatric patients with post-traumatic stress disorder. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2021; 16:334-344. [PMID: 33315100 PMCID: PMC7943370 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsaa162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The hippocampus, a key structure with distinct subfield functions, is strongly implicated in the pathophysiology of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD); however, few studies of hippocampus subfields in PTSD have focused on pediatric patients. We therefore investigated the hippocampal subfield volume using an automated segmentation method and explored the subfield-centered functional connectivity aberrations related to the anatomical changes, in a homogenous population of traumatized children with and without PTSD. To investigate the potential diagnostic value in individual patients, we used a machine learning approach to identify features with significant discriminative power for diagnosis of PTSD using random forest classifiers. Compared to controls, we found significant mean volume reductions of 8.4% and 9.7% in the right presubiculum and hippocampal tail in patients, respectively. These two subfields' volumes were the most significant contributors to group discrimination, with a mean classification accuracy of 69% and a specificity of 81%. These anatomical alterations, along with the altered functional connectivity between (pre)subiculum and inferior frontal gyrus, may underlie deficits in fear circuitry leading to dysfunction of fear extinction and episodic memory, causally important in post-traumatic symptoms such as hypervigilance and re-experience. For the first time, we suggest that hippocampal subfield volumes might be useful in discriminating traumatized children with and without PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Nanfang Pan
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lianqing Zhang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Su Lui
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaoqi Huang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Song Wang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Du Lei
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Lingjiang Li
- Mental Health Institute, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Graham J Kemp
- Liverpool Magnetic Resonance Imaging Centre and Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L693BX, UK
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
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36
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Zhang L, Lu L, Bu X, Li H, Tang S, Gao Y, Liang K, Zhang S, Hu X, Wang Y, Li L, Hu X, Lim KO, Gong Q, Huang X. Alterations in hippocampal subfield and amygdala subregion volumes in posttraumatic subjects with and without posttraumatic stress disorder. Hum Brain Mapp 2021; 42:2147-2158. [PMID: 33566375 PMCID: PMC8046112 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The hippocampus and amygdala are important structures in the posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD); however, the exact relationship between these structures and stress or PTSD remains unclear. Moreover, they consist of several functionally distinct subfields/subregions that may serve different roles in the neuropathophysiology of PTSD. Here we present a subregional profile of the hippocampus and amygdala in 145 survivors of a major earthquake and 56 non‐traumatized healthy controls (HCs). We found that the bilateral hippocampus and left amygdala were significantly smaller in survivors than in HCs, and there was no difference between survivors with (n = 69) and without PTSD (trauma‐exposed controls [TCs], n = 76). Analyses revealed similar results in most subfields/subregions, except that the right hippocampal body (in a head‐body‐tail segmentation scheme), right presubiculum, and left amygdala medial nuclei (Me) were significantly larger in PTSD patients than in TCs but smaller than in HCs. Larger hippocampal body were associated with the time since trauma in PTSD patients. The volume of the right cortical nucleus (Co) was negatively correlated with the severity of symptoms in the PTSD group but positively correlated with the same measurement in the TC group. This correlation between symptom severity and Co volume was significantly different between the PTSD and TCs. Together, we demonstrated that generalized smaller volumes in the hippocampus and amygdala were more likely to be trauma‐related than PTSD‐specific, and their subfields/subregions were distinctively affected. Notably, larger left Me, right hippocampal body and presubiculum were PTSD‐specific; these could be preexisting factors for PTSD or reflect rapid posttraumatic reshaping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianqing Zhang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuan Bu
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hailong Li
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shi Tang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yingxue Gao
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Kaili Liang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Suming Zhang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinyue Hu
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanlin Wang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lei Li
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinyu Hu
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Kelvin O Lim
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, and Minneapolis VA Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoqi Huang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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37
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Li WC, Chao HT, Lin MW, Shen HD, Chen LF, Hsieh JC. Neuroprotective effect of Val variant of BDNF Val66Met polymorphism on hippocampus is modulated by the severity of menstrual pain. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2021; 30:102576. [PMID: 33561695 PMCID: PMC7873439 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Primary dysmenorrhea (PDM) refers to menstrual pain of which the pathological cause(s) are unknown. This study examined the associations among BDNF Val66Met polymorphisms, menstrual pain severity, and hippocampal volume among young PDM subjects. We recruited 115 PDM subjects, including severe cases (n = 66) and moderate cases (n = 44), and 117 young females (aged 20-30 years) as a control group (CON) for BDNF Val66Met genotyping and MRI examination. The assessment of hippocampal volume involved analysis at various anatomical resolutions, i.e., whole hippocampal volume, hippocampal subfields, and voxel-based morphometry (VBM) volumetric analysis. Two-way ANOVA analyses with planned contrasts and Bonferroni correction were conducted for the assessment of hippocampal volume. Linear regression was used to test for BDNF Val66Met Val allele dosage-dependent effects. We observed no main effects of group, genotype, or group-genotype interactions on bilateral whole hippocampal volumes. Significant interactions between PDM severity and BDNF Val66Met genotype were observed in the right whole hippocampus, subiculum, and molecular layer. Post-hoc analysis revealed that the average hippocampal volume of Val/Val moderate PDM subjects was greater than that of Val/Val severe PDM subjects. Note that right hippocampal volume was greater in the Val/Val group than in the Met/Met group, particularly in the right posterior hippocampal region. Dosage effect analysis revealed a positive dosage-dependent relationship between the Val allele and volume of the right whole hippocampus, subiculum, molecular layer, and VBM-defined right posterior hippocampal region in the moderate PDM subgroup only. These findings indicate that Val/Val PDM subjects are resistant to intermittent moderate pain-related stress, whereas Met carrier PDM subjects are susceptible. When confronted with years of repeated PDM stress, the hippocampus can undergo differential structural changes in accordance with the BDNF genotype and pain severity. This triad study on PDM (i.e., combining genotype with endophenotype imaging results and clinical phenotypes), underscores the potential neurobiological consequences of PDM, which may prefigure in neuroimaging abnormalities associated with various chronic pain disorders. Our results provide evidence for Val allele dosage-dependent protective effects on the hippocampal structure; however, in cases of the Val variant, these effects were modulated in accordance with the severity of menstrual pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chi Li
- Institute of Brain Science, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Integrated Brain Research Unit, Division of Clinical Research, Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Tai Chao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Wei Lin
- Institute of Public Health, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Der Shen
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Division of Basic Research, Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Fen Chen
- Institute of Brain Science, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Integrated Brain Research Unit, Division of Clinical Research, Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Jen-Chuen Hsieh
- Institute of Brain Science, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Integrated Brain Research Unit, Division of Clinical Research, Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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38
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Differential relationships of PTSD symptom clusters with cortical thickness and grey matter volumes among women with PTSD. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1825. [PMID: 33469080 PMCID: PMC7815843 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80776-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Structural neuroimaging studies of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have typically reported reduced cortical thickness (CT) and gray matter volume (GMV) in subcortical structures and networks involved in memory retrieval, emotional processing and regulation, and fear acquisition and extinction. Although PTSD is more common in women, and interpersonal violence (IPV) exposure is a more potent risk factor for developing PTSD relative to other forms of trauma, most of the existing literature examined combat-exposed men with PTSD. Vertex-wise CT and subcortical GMV analyses were conducted to examine potential differences in a large, well-characterized sample of women with PTSD stemming from IPV-exposure (n = 99) compared to healthy trauma-free women without a diagnosis of PTSD (n = 22). Subgroup analyses were also conducted to determine whether symptom severity within specific PTSD symptom clusters (e.g., re-experiencing, active avoidance, hyperarousal) predict CT and GMV after controlling for comorbid depression and anxiety. Results indicated that a diagnosis of PTSD in women with IPV-exposure did not significantly predict differences in CT across the cortex or GMV in the amygdala or hippocampus compared to healthy controls. However, within the PTSD group, greater re-experiencing symptom severity was associated with decreased CT in the left inferior and middle temporal gyrus, and decreased CT in the right parahippocampal and medial temporal gyrus. In contrast, greater active avoidance symptom severity was associated with greater CT in the left lateral fissure, postcentral gyrus, and middle/lateral occipital cortex, and greater CT in the right paracentral, posterior cingulate, and superior occipital gyrus. In terms of GMV, greater hyperarousal symptom severity was associated with reduced left amygdala GMV, while greater active avoidance symptom severity was associated with greater right amygdala GMV. These findings suggest that structural brain alterations among women with IPV-related PTSD may be driven by symptom severity within specific symptom clusters and that PTSD symptom clusters may have a differential (increased or decreased) association with brain structures.
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Sämann PG, Iglesias JE, Gutman B, Grotegerd D, Leenings R, Flint C, Dannlowski U, Clarke‐Rubright EK, Morey RA, Erp TG, Whelan CD, Han LKM, Velzen LS, Cao B, Augustinack JC, Thompson PM, Jahanshad N, Schmaal L. FreeSurfer
‐based segmentation of hippocampal subfields: A review of methods and applications, with a novel quality control procedure for
ENIGMA
studies and other collaborative efforts. Hum Brain Mapp 2020; 43:207-233. [PMID: 33368865 PMCID: PMC8805696 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Structural hippocampal abnormalities are common in many neurological and psychiatric disorders, and variation in hippocampal measures is related to cognitive performance and other complex phenotypes such as stress sensitivity. Hippocampal subregions are increasingly studied, as automated algorithms have become available for mapping and volume quantification. In the context of the Enhancing Neuro Imaging Genetics through Meta Analysis Consortium, several Disease Working Groups are using the FreeSurfer software to analyze hippocampal subregion (subfield) volumes in patients with neurological and psychiatric conditions along with data from matched controls. In this overview, we explain the algorithm's principles, summarize measurement reliability studies, and demonstrate two additional aspects (subfield autocorrelation and volume/reliability correlation) with illustrative data. We then explain the rationale for a standardized hippocampal subfield segmentation quality control (QC) procedure for improved pipeline harmonization. To guide researchers to make optimal use of the algorithm, we discuss how global size and age effects can be modeled, how QC steps can be incorporated and how subfields may be aggregated into composite volumes. This discussion is based on a synopsis of 162 published neuroimaging studies (01/2013–12/2019) that applied the FreeSurfer hippocampal subfield segmentation in a broad range of domains including cognition and healthy aging, brain development and neurodegeneration, affective disorders, psychosis, stress regulation, neurotoxicity, epilepsy, inflammatory disease, childhood adversity and posttraumatic stress disorder, and candidate and whole genome (epi‐)genetics. Finally, we highlight points where FreeSurfer‐based hippocampal subfield studies may be optimized.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Juan Eugenio Iglesias
- Centre for Medical Image Computing University College London London UK
- The Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts US
- Computer Science and AI Laboratory (CSAIL), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Cambridge Massachusetts US
| | - Boris Gutman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Illinois Institute of Technology Chicago USA
| | | | - Ramona Leenings
- Department of Psychiatry University of Münster Münster Germany
| | - Claas Flint
- Department of Psychiatry University of Münster Münster Germany
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science University of Münster Germany
| | - Udo Dannlowski
- Department of Psychiatry University of Münster Münster Germany
| | - Emily K. Clarke‐Rubright
- Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University Durham North Carolina USA
- VISN 6 MIRECC, Durham VA Durham North Carolina USA
| | - Rajendra A. Morey
- Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University Durham North Carolina USA
- VISN 6 MIRECC, Durham VA Durham North Carolina USA
| | - Theo G.M. Erp
- Clinical Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior University of California Irvine California USA
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory University of California Irvine Irvine California USA
| | - Christopher D. Whelan
- Imaging Genetics Center Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Los Angeles California USA
| | - Laura K. M. Han
- Department of Psychiatry Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit and GGZ inGeest, Amsterdam Neuroscience Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Laura S. Velzen
- Orygen Parkville Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health The University of Melbourne Melbourne Australia
| | - Bo Cao
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry University of Alberta Edmonton Canada
| | - Jean C. Augustinack
- The Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts US
| | - Paul M. Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Los Angeles California USA
| | - Neda Jahanshad
- Imaging Genetics Center Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Los Angeles California USA
| | - Lianne Schmaal
- Orygen Parkville Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health The University of Melbourne Melbourne Australia
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40
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Hedderich DM, Avram M, Menegaux A, Nuttall R, Zimmermann J, Schneider SC, Schmitz-Koep B, Daamen M, Scheef L, Boecker H, Zimmer C, Baumann N, Bartmann P, Wolke D, Bäuml JG, Sorg C. Hippocampal subfield volumes are nonspecifically reduced in premature-born adults. Hum Brain Mapp 2020; 41:5215-5227. [PMID: 32845045 PMCID: PMC7670635 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Reduced global hippocampus volumes have been demonstrated in premature‐born individuals, from newborns to adults; however, it is unknown whether hippocampus subfield (HCSF) volumes are differentially affected by premature birth and how relevant they are for cognitive performance. To address these questions, we investigated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)‐derived HCSF volumes in very premature‐born adults, and related them with general cognitive performance in adulthood. We assessed 103 very premature‐born (gestational age [GA] <32 weeks and/or birth weight <1,500 g) and 109 term‐born individuals with cognitive testing and structural MRI at 26 years of age. HCSFs were automatically segmented based on three‐dimensional T1‐ and T2‐weighted sequences and studied both individually and grouped into three functional units, namely hippocampus proper (HP), subicular complex (SC), and dentate gyrus (DG). Cognitive performance was measured using the Wechsler‐Adult‐Intelligence‐Scale (full‐scale intelligence quotient [FS‐IQ]) at 26 years. We observed bilateral volume reductions for almost all HCSF volumes in premature‐born adults and associations with GA and neonatal treatment intensity but not birth weight. Left‐sided HP, SC, and DG volumes were associated with adult FS‐IQ. Furthermore, left DG volume was a mediator of the association between GA and adult FS‐IQ in premature‐born individuals. Results demonstrate nonspecifically reduced HCSF volumes in premature‐born adults; but specific associations with cognitive outcome highlight the importance of the left DG. Data suggest that specific interventions toward hippocampus function might be promising to lower adverse cognitive effects of prematurity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis M Hedderich
- Department of Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Technical University of Munich-NIC Neuroimaging Center, Munich, Germany
| | - Mihai Avram
- Department of Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Technical University of Munich-NIC Neuroimaging Center, Munich, Germany
| | - Aurore Menegaux
- Department of Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Technical University of Munich-NIC Neuroimaging Center, Munich, Germany
| | - Rachel Nuttall
- Department of Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Technical University of Munich-NIC Neuroimaging Center, Munich, Germany
| | - Juliana Zimmermann
- Department of Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Technical University of Munich-NIC Neuroimaging Center, Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian C Schneider
- Department of Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Technical University of Munich-NIC Neuroimaging Center, Munich, Germany
| | - Benita Schmitz-Koep
- Department of Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Technical University of Munich-NIC Neuroimaging Center, Munich, Germany
| | - Marcel Daamen
- Functional Neuroimaging Group, Department of Radiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Neonatology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lukas Scheef
- Functional Neuroimaging Group, Department of Radiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Henning Boecker
- Functional Neuroimaging Group, Department of Radiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Claus Zimmer
- Department of Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Technical University of Munich-NIC Neuroimaging Center, Munich, Germany
| | - Nicole Baumann
- Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.,Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Peter Bartmann
- Department of Neonatology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dieter Wolke
- Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.,Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Josef G Bäuml
- Department of Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Technical University of Munich-NIC Neuroimaging Center, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Sorg
- Department of Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Technical University of Munich-NIC Neuroimaging Center, Munich, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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41
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The role of the dentate gyrus in stress-related disorders. Mol Psychiatry 2020; 25:1361-1363. [PMID: 31695166 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-019-0572-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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42
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Kida H, Nakajima S, Shikimoto R, Ochi R, Noda Y, Tsugawa S, Fujii S, Takayama M, Mimura M, Niimura H. Approach-oriented coping strategy level may be related to volume of the whole hippocampus in the elderly. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2020; 74:270-276. [PMID: 31943584 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.12981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM Stress-related disorders and severe stress exposure can cause atrophy of the whole hippocampus and its subfields. However, the impact of stress coping strategies on the hippocampus remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to examine the relation between approach- and avoidance-oriented coping strategies and hippocampal volume in elderly persons. METHODS A total of 1045 elderly persons living in Arakawa-ward, Tokyo (mean ± SD age: 72.8 ± 5.2 years; 569 females [54.4%]) were included in the study and completed several questionnaires and face-to-face interviews and underwent magnetic resonance imaging. Approach- or avoidance-oriented coping strategies were assessed with the Stress and Coping Inventory, while cognitive function and depressive symptoms were assessed with the Mini-Mental State Examination and Geriatric Depression Scale, respectively. The volume of the whole hippocampus on T1-weighted images was delineated and calculated using FreeSurfer 6.0. Multiple regression analyses were performed to examine the relation between Stress and Coping Inventory scores and whole hippocampal volume. RESULTS Approach-oriented coping strategy scores were positively correlated with whole hippocampal volume. Furthermore, these relations remained significant after controlling for the influence of cognitive function and depressive symptoms on these volumetric variables. In contrast, avoidance-oriented coping strategy scores were not correlated with whole hippocampal volume. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that hippocampal volume may be associated with the approach-oriented coping strategy; therefore, this strategy may preserve hippocampal volume in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Kida
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Nakajima
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Shikimoto
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Ochi
- Faculty of Environment and Information Studies, Keio University, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Noda
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sakiko Tsugawa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinya Fujii
- Faculty of Environment and Information Studies, Keio University, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Midori Takayama
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Masaru Mimura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidehito Niimura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Ryan JD, Shen K, Liu Z. The intersection between the oculomotor and hippocampal memory systems: empirical developments and clinical implications. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2020; 1464:115-141. [PMID: 31617589 PMCID: PMC7154681 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Decades of cognitive neuroscience research has shown that where we look is intimately connected to what we remember. In this article, we review findings from human and nonhuman animals, using behavioral, neuropsychological, neuroimaging, and computational modeling methods, to show that the oculomotor and hippocampal memory systems interact in a reciprocal manner, on a moment-to-moment basis, mediated by a vast structural and functional network. Visual exploration serves to efficiently gather information from the environment for the purpose of creating new memories, updating existing memories, and reconstructing the rich, vivid details from memory. Conversely, memory increases the efficiency of visual exploration. We call for models of oculomotor control to consider the influence of the hippocampal memory system on the cognitive control of eye movements, and for models of hippocampal and broader medial temporal lobe function to consider the influence of the oculomotor system on the development and expression of memory. We describe eye movement-based applications for the detection of neurodegeneration and delivery of therapeutic interventions for mental health disorders for which the hippocampus is implicated and memory dysfunctions are at the forefront.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer D. Ryan
- Rotman Research InstituteBaycrestTorontoOntarioCanada
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Kelly Shen
- Rotman Research InstituteBaycrestTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Zhong‐Xu Liu
- Department of Behavioral SciencesUniversity of Michigan‐DearbornDearbornMichigan
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Lecei A, van Winkel R. Hippocampal pattern separation of emotional information determining risk or resilience in individuals exposed to childhood trauma: Linking exposure to neurodevelopmental alterations and threat anticipation. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 108:160-170. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Dieter JN, Engel SD. Traumatic Brain Injury and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Comorbid Consequences of War. Neurosci Insights 2019; 14:1179069519892933. [PMID: 32363347 PMCID: PMC7176398 DOI: 10.1177/1179069519892933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Scientific literature is reviewed supporting a “consequence of war syndrome (CWS)” in Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom/Operation New Dawn soldiers. CWS constituents include chronic pain and insomnia, other physical complaints, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, depression, and neuropsychological deficits. The foundation of CWS lies with the chronic stressors inherent to deployment and the cascade of biological events mediated and maintained by hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysregulation. Such dysregulation is modified by the individual’s specific experiences at war, difficulty reintegrating to post-deployment life, and the onset or exacerbation of the chronic and comorbid physical, emotional, and cognitive disorders. The circuit network between the prefrontal cortex (PFC), amygdala, and hippocampus is particularly sensitive to the consequences of war. The review’s specific conclusions are as follows: HPA axis dysregulation contributes to the chronic insomnia and hyperarousal seen in soldiers. There is considerable symptom overlap between PTSD and blast-related head injury, and it is difficult to determine the relative contributions of the two disorders to abnormal imaging studies. In some cases, traumatic brain injury (TBI) may directly precipitate PTSD symptoms. While not intuitive, the relationship between TBI and postconcussion syndrome appears indirect and mediated through PTSD. Blast-related or conventional head injury may have little long-term impact on neuropsychological functioning; contrarily, PTSD particularly accounts for current cognitive deficits. The psychological experience of CWS includes a “war-within” where soldiers continue to battle an internalized enemy. Successful treatment of CWS entails transdisciplinary care that addresses each of the constituent disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Ni Dieter
- Intrepid Spirit Center, Carl R. Darnall Army Medical Center, U.S. Army, Fort Hood, TX, USA
| | - Scot D Engel
- Intrepid Spirit Center, Carl R. Darnall Army Medical Center, U.S. Army, Fort Hood, TX, USA
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Sullivan DR, Morrison FG, Wolf EJ, Logue MW, Fortier CB, Salat DH, Fonda JR, Stone A, Schichman S, Milberg W, McGlinchey R, Miller MW. The PPM1F gene moderates the association between PTSD and cortical thickness. J Affect Disord 2019; 259:201-209. [PMID: 31446381 PMCID: PMC6791735 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.08.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence suggests that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes involved in serotonergic signaling and stress response pathways moderate associations between PTSD and cortical thickness. This study examined a genetic regulator of these pathways, the PPM1F gene, which has also been implicated in mechanisms of stress responding and is differentially expressed in individuals with comorbid PTSD and depression compared to controls. METHODS Drawing from a sample of 240 white non-Hispanic trauma-exposed veterans, we tested 18 SNPs spanning the PPM1F gene for association with PTSD and cortical thickness. RESULTS Analyses revealed six PPM1F SNPs that moderated associations between PTSD symptom severity and cortical thickness of bilateral superior frontal and orbitofrontal regions as well as the right pars triangularis (all corrected p's < 0.05) such that greater PTSD severity was related to reduced cortical thickness as a function of genotype. A whole-cortex vertex-wise analysis using the most associated SNP (rs9610608) revealed this effect to be localized to a cluster in the right superior frontal gyrus (cluster-corrected p < 0.02). LIMITATIONS Limitations of this study include the small sample size and that the sample was all-white, non-Hispanic predominately male veterans. CONCLUSIONS These results extend prior work linking PPM1F to PTSD and suggest that variants in this gene may have bearing on the neural integrity of the prefrontal cortex (PFC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle R. Sullivan
- National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Filomene G. Morrison
- National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Erika J. Wolf
- National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mark W. Logue
- National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA,Biomedical Genetics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Catherine B. Fortier
- Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders (TRACTS) and Geriatric Research, Educational and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David H. Salat
- Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders (TRACTS) and Geriatric Research, Educational and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA,Neuroimaging Research for Veterans Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA,Anthinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer R. Fonda
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA,Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders (TRACTS) and Geriatric Research, Educational and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Annjanette Stone
- Pharmacogenomics Analysis Laboratory, Research Service, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, AK, USA
| | - Steven Schichman
- Pharmacogenomics Analysis Laboratory, Research Service, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, AK, USA
| | - William Milberg
- Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders (TRACTS) and Geriatric Research, Educational and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Regina McGlinchey
- Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders (TRACTS) and Geriatric Research, Educational and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mark W. Miller
- National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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Katrinli S, Lori A, Kilaru V, Carter S, Powers A, Gillespie CF, Wingo AP, Michopoulos V, Jovanovic T, Ressler KJ, Smith AK. Association of HLA locus alleles with posttraumatic stress disorder. Brain Behav Immun 2019; 81:655-658. [PMID: 31310798 PMCID: PMC6754776 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune dysregulation has been widely observed in those with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). An individual's immune response is shaped, in part, by the highly polymorphic Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) locus that is associated with major psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, major depression and bipolar disorder. The aim of the current study was to investigate the association between common HLA alleles and PTSD. METHODS Genome-wide association data was used to predict alleles of 7 classical polymorphic HLA genes (A, B, C, DRB1, DQA1, DQB1, DPB1) in 403 lifetime PTSD cases and 369 trauma exposed controls of African ancestry. Association of HLA allelic variations with lifetime PTSD was analyzed using logistic regression, controlling for ancestry, sex and multiple comparisons. The effect of HLA alleles on gene expression was assessed by weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA), using 353 subjects with available expression data. Enrichment analysis was performed using anRichment to identify associated pathways of each module. RESULTS HLA-B*58:01 (p = 0.035), HLA-C*07:01 (p = 0.035), HLA-DQA1*01:01 (p = 0.003), HLA-DQB1*05:01 (p = 0.009) and HLA-DPB1*17:01 (p = 0.017) were more common in PTSD cases, while HLA-A*02:01 (p = 0.026), HLA-DQA1*05:05 (p = 0.011) and HLA-DRB1*11:01 (p < 0.001) were more frequent in controls. WGCNA was used to explore expression patterns of the PTSD related alleles. Gene expression modules of PTSD-related HLA alleles were enriched in various pathways, including pathways related to immune and neural activity. CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report an association of HLA alleles with PTSD. Altogether, our results support the link between the immune system, brain and PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyma Katrinli
- Emory University, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Adriana Lori
- Emory University, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Varun Kilaru
- Emory University, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Sierra Carter
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Abigail Powers
- Emory University, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Charles F. Gillespie
- Emory University, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Aliza P. Wingo
- Emory University, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Atlanta, GA, USA,Division of Mental Health, Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA
| | - Vasiliki Michopoulos
- Emory University, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Tanja Jovanovic
- Emory University, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kerry J. Ressler
- Emory University, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Atlanta, GA, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School and McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Alicia K. Smith
- Emory University, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Atlanta, Georgia, USA,Emory University, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Atlanta, GA, USA,Corresponding author: Dr Alicia K Smith,
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Popescu M, Popescu EA, DeGraba TJ, Fernandez-Fidalgo DJ, Riedy G, Hughes JD. Post-traumatic stress disorder is associated with altered modulation of prefrontal alpha band oscillations during working memory. Clin Neurophysiol 2019; 130:1869-1881. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2019.06.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Haładaj R. Anatomical variations of the dentate gyrus in normal adult brain. Surg Radiol Anat 2019; 42:193-199. [PMID: 31372742 PMCID: PMC6981104 DOI: 10.1007/s00276-019-02298-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Recent scientific papers indicate the clinical significance of the dentate gyrus. However, a detailed knowledge of the anatomical variations of this structure in normal adult brain is still lacking. An understanding of the variable morphology of the dentate gyrus may be important for diagnostic neuroimaging. Thus, the purpose of this macroscopic cadaveric study was to describe the anatomical variations of the dentate gyrus. Forty formalin-fixed human cerebral hemispheres, obtained from bodies of donors without the history of neuropathological diseases, were included in the study. The dentate gyrus was classified as well-developed, when it protruded completely from under the fimbria of the hippocampus. The gyrus was classified as underdeveloped, when it was covered by the fimbria of the hippocampus (but clearly visible at the coronal section of the hippocampal formation), while the hypoplastic gyrus was not visible macroscopically under the fimbria of the hippocampus. The well-developed type was observed in 27 cases (67.5%). The thickness of well-developed type of the dentate gyrus, measured between the fimbriodentate sulcus and hippocampal sulcus, varied from 2.74 to 5.21 mm (mean = 3.67 mm, median = 5.54 mm, SD 0.65 mm). In the next nine cases (22.5%), the dentate gyrus was underdeveloped. The thickness of underdeveloped type of the dentate gyrus varied from 1.75 to 2.37 mm (mean = 2.02 mm, median = 2.16 mm, SD 0.33 mm). In the remaining four cases (10%), the dentate gyrus was hypoplastic and could not be distinguished macroscopically. In all injected hemispheres, arterial supply of the dentate gyrus was provided by the branches of the posterior cerebral artery. Awareness of normal variations of the dentate gyrus may allow for better correlation of anatomical knowledge with radiological data and for use this knowledge to describe abnormal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Haładaj
- Department of Normal and Clinical Anatomy, Interfaculty Chair of Anatomy and Histology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Żeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752, Lodz, Poland.
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50
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Aanes S, Bjuland KJ, Sripada K, Sølsnes AE, Grunewaldt KH, Håberg A, Løhaugen GC, Skranes J. Reduced hippocampal subfield volumes and memory function in school-aged children born preterm with very low birthweight (VLBW). Neuroimage Clin 2019; 23:101857. [PMID: 31136968 PMCID: PMC6536855 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.101857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hippocampus, an essential structure for learning and memory, has a reduced volume in preterm born (gestational age < 37 weeks) individuals with very low birth weight (VLBW: birth weight < 1500 g), which may affect memory function. However, the hippocampus is a complex structure with distinct subfields related to specific memory functions. These subfields are differentially affected by a variety of neuropathological conditions, but it remains unclear how these subfields may be affected by medical complications following preterm birth which may cause aberrant brain development, and the consequences of this on learning and memory function in children with VLBW. METHODS Children born preterm with VLBW (n = 34) and term-born controls from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) (n = 104) underwent structural MRI and a neuropsychological assessment of memory function at primary school age. FreeSurfer 6.0 was used to analyze the volumes of hippocampal subfields which were compared between groups, as was memory performance. Correlations between abnormal hippocampal subfields and memory performance were explored in the VLBW group. RESULTS All absolute hippocampal subfield volumes were lower in the children with VLBW compared to MoBa term-born controls, and the volumes of the left and right dentate gyrus and the right subiculum remained significantly lower after correcting for total intracranial volume. The VLBW group had inferior working memory performance and the score on the subtest Spatial Span backwards was positively correlated to the volume of the right dentate gyrus. CONCLUSIONS Hippocampal subfield volumes seem to be differently affected by early brain development related to preterm birth. The dentate gyrus appears particularly susceptible to adverse effects of preterm birth. Reduced working memory function among children with VLBW was associated with smaller volume of right dentate gyrus. This finding demonstrates alterations in hippocampal structure-function relationships associated with early brain development related to preterm birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Synne Aanes
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science & Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
| | | | - Kam Sripada
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science & Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Anne Elisabeth Sølsnes
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science & Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kristine H Grunewaldt
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science & Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Pediatrics, St Olav University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Asta Håberg
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science & Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Gro C Løhaugen
- Department of Pediatrics, Sørlandet Hospital, Arendal, Norway
| | - Jon Skranes
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science & Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Pediatrics, Sørlandet Hospital, Arendal, Norway
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