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de Jesus GM, Dias LA, Barros AKC, Araujo LDMDS, Schrann MMF. Do girls wash dishes and boys play sports? Gender inequalities in physical activity and in the use of screen-based devices among schoolchildren from urban and rural areas in Brazil. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:196. [PMID: 38229021 PMCID: PMC10792968 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17672-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to analyze gender inequalities in types of physical activity (PA) and in the use of screen-based devices among schoolchildren from both urban and rural areas in Brazil. METHODS Data from two population-based surveys conducted in 2019 (urban areas: n = 2,479; 52.6% girls; age = 9.2 ± 1.51 years) and 2022 (rural areas: n = 979; 42.6% girls; age = 9.4 ± 1.52 years) were used. PA (active play, nonactive play, home chores, and structured physical activities) and the use of screen-based devices (TV, cellphone, videogame, and computer) were self-reported in a previous-day-recall online questionnaire (Web-CAAFE). Absolute gender inequalities were evaluated and presented as equiplots. Relative gender inequalities were evaluated by the prevalence ratio (PR) and respective 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), which were estimated by Poisson regression, with adjustments for age and BMI z scores. RESULTS Girls from urban and rural areas presented a lower prevalence of active play and a higher prevalence of home chores. The prevalence of nonactive play among girls from urban areas was also lower; however, their prevalence of structured physical activities was higher, especially among girls aged seven to nine years. Girls in both urban and rural areas presented a higher prevalence of TV viewing and lower use of video games. CONCLUSION The gender inequalities observed in the types of physical activities and in the use of screen-based devices could be considered potential correlates of the likelihood of girls' and boys' compliance with the physical activity guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilmar Mercês de Jesus
- Public Health Post-Graduate Program, State University of Feira de Santana, Travessa Pássaro Vermelho,32, Santa Mônica II, CEP: 44082- 320, Feira de Santana, Brazil.
| | - Lizziane Andrade Dias
- Public Health Post-Graduate Program, State University of Feira de Santana, Travessa Pássaro Vermelho,32, Santa Mônica II, CEP: 44082- 320, Feira de Santana, Brazil
| | - Anna Karolina Cerqueira Barros
- Public Health Post-Graduate Program, State University of Feira de Santana, Travessa Pássaro Vermelho,32, Santa Mônica II, CEP: 44082- 320, Feira de Santana, Brazil
| | - Lara Daniele Matos Dos Santos Araujo
- Public Health Post-Graduate Program, State University of Feira de Santana, Travessa Pássaro Vermelho,32, Santa Mônica II, CEP: 44082- 320, Feira de Santana, Brazil
| | - Mayva Mayana Ferreira Schrann
- Public Health Post-Graduate Program, State University of Feira de Santana, Travessa Pássaro Vermelho,32, Santa Mônica II, CEP: 44082- 320, Feira de Santana, Brazil
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Oliveira DN, Silva ECM, Barboza LLS, Thuany M, Araújo RHO, Silva RJS, Gomes TN, Schmitz H, Tejada J, Silva DR. Effects of two years of physically active lessons on cognitive indicators in children. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8774. [PMID: 37258629 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35644-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Our purpose was to evaluate the effect of physically active lessons (PAL) on the cognitive performance of children during two years of follow-up. Four classes (second grade of elementary school) were divided into two intervention classes (n = 34) and two control classes (n = 27). Evaluations were performed before the intervention (M1), after 3 (M2) and 9 (M3) months in the 1st year, and 14 (M4) and 18 (M5) months in the 2nd year. The intervention was based on PAL integrated with the curricular components, which stimulated the children to stand or move in the classroom. Cognitive performance was evaluated using three computerized tests for response inhibition, selective attention, and cognitive flexibility. The children in the intervention classes presented improved cognitive performance in the execution of all tasks along the two years follow-up, in both correct answers and time reactions, with exception of correct answers of visual search. For the intervention classes, in most of the tasks, the mean differences confidence interval of 95% did not include the 0 on the two last moments of evaluation, and in all cases, the mean differences of them between M1 versus M5 were significantly different with high values of effect size (cohen -d > 1). PAL promotes modest improvements in diverse cognitive functions in children.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Thayse Natacha Gomes
- Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Physical Activity for Health Research Cluster, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Heike Schmitz
- Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil
| | - Julian Tejada
- Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil
| | - Danilo R Silva
- Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Correlates of domain-specific sedentary behaviors and objectively assessed sedentary time among elementary school children. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18848. [PMID: 36344564 PMCID: PMC9640687 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23410-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the correlates of sedentary behavior among children is essential in developing effective interventions to reduce sitting time in this vulnerable population. This study aimed to identify correlates of domain-specific sedentary behaviors and objectively assessed sedentary time among a sample of children in Japan. Data from 343 children (aged 6-12 years) living in Japan were used. Domain-specific sedentary behaviors were assessed using a questionnaire. Total sedentary time was estimated using hip-worn accelerometers. Twenty-two potential correlates across five categories (parental characteristics, household indoor environment, residential neighborhood environment, school environment, and school neighborhood environment) were included. Multivariable linear regression models were used to identify correlates of domain-specific sedentary behaviors and objectively assessed sedentary time. Eight correlates were significantly associated with children's domain-specific sedentary behaviors: mother's and father's age, mother's educational level, having a video/DVD recorder/player, having a video console, having a TV one's own room, home's Walk Score®, and pedestrian/cycling safety. No significant associations were found between potential correlates and accelerometer-based total sedentary time. These findings highlight that strategies to reduce children's sedentary time should consider the context of these behaviors. For example, urban design attributes such as perceived pedestrian and cycling safety can be improved to reduce children's car sitting time.
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Is Participation in Physical Education Classes Related to Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior? A Systematic Review. J Phys Act Health 2022; 19:786-808. [DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2022-0084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background: The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the results and assess the methodological quality of studies that analyzed the relation between physical education participation, physical activity, and sedentary behavior in schoolchildren. Methods: Searches were conducted for original cross-sectional and longitudinal observational studies published in Portuguese, English, and Spanish between January 2007 and August 2020, on the PubMed, Web of Science, Scientific Electronic Library Online, Education Resources Information Center, and Scopus databases. Results: A total of 60 articles (68 independent samples) were included in the revision (58 cross-sectional and 2 longitudinal observational studies). With regard to methodological quality, 27%, 52%, and 21% of the studies were classified as high, moderate, and low methodological quality, respectively. Physical activity was analyzed in 93% of the studies (n = 56) and sedentary behavior in 33% (n = 20). The higher frequency of physical education participation was associated with higher physical activity levels (56 of 68 results – 54/65 cross-sectional and 2/3 longitudinal studies) and less sedentary behavior (14 of 24 results), even after stratifying analyses by type and methodological quality. Conclusion: Physical education class participation may contribute to students being physically more active and less likely to engage in sedentary behavior.
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Aljuhani O, Alsuwailem R, Al-Salawi A, Sandercock G. Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors in Primary School Children in Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Association with Parents' Behaviors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph192013304. [PMID: 36293883 PMCID: PMC9602739 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, a few studies used accelerometers to assess physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior in the family context. This study aimed to assess children and parents' moderate and vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time, as well as their relationship in MVPA and sedentary time. Data were collected from 30 parent-child dyads during the COVID-pandemic for seven days, using a hip-worn accelerometer. Children and parents engaged in 65.6 and 34.6 min/day in MVPA and 442.2 and 427.9 min/day sedentary, respectively. There was no evidence of gender difference in MVPA and sedentary between boys and girls. Male parent spent more time in MVPA than female parents. A total of 50% of children and 53.3% of parents met the recommended PA. Children's MVPA and sedentary time were both correlated with that of their parents. Adjusted linear regression showed that only child MVPA was negatively associated with their parents' MVPA. There is evidence that multi-level interventions involving parents and children are more effective than interventions focusing on a single group. This study also provides evidence to support the link between MVPA and sedentary time between parents and children. Generalization of the findings is difficult due to the bias of self-selection sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama Aljuhani
- Department of Physical Education, College of Sport Sciences and Physical Activity, King Saud University, Riyadh 4545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rola Alsuwailem
- Department of Exercise Physiology, College of Sport Sciences and Physical Activity, King Saud University, Riyadh 4545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulelah Al-Salawi
- Department of Sport and Recreation Management, College of Sport Sciences and Physical Activity, King Saud University, Riyadh 4545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gavin Sandercock
- School of Sport, Rehabilitation and Exercise Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK
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de Jesus GM, de Oliveira Araujo RH, Dias LA, Barros AKC, Dos Santos Araujo LDM, de Assis MAA. Attendance in physical education classes, sedentary behavior, and different forms of physical activity among schoolchildren: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1461. [PMID: 35915433 PMCID: PMC9341117 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13864-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Attendance in physical education classes (PE) helps young people to achieve the physical activity recommendations and to reduce their exposure to sedentary behavior. However, the association between PE attendance and the daily frequency of specific forms of physical activity is less known. The current study analyzed the association between weekly attendance in PE and daily frequencies of different forms of physical activity (active play, non-active play, structured physical activity), and overall daily frequencies of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviors (SB) among schoolchildren. Methods Cross-sectional study with schoolchildren from second to fifth grade of 11 public schools (n = 2,477; 9.1 ± 1.38-y-old; 53.2% girls; 17.5 ± 3.5 kg/m2) in Feira de Santana (Northeast Brazil). PA, SB, and attendance in PE were self-reported using a previously validated on-line questionnaire based on the previous day's recall (Web-CAAFE). Multiple Binomial Negative regression modeling was carried out to analyze the association (Prevalence Rate: PR) between weekly attendance in PE (0/week, 1/week, ≥ 2/week) and frequencies of active play, non-active play, and structured physical activity, with adjustments by age, school shift, and BMI z-scores. Regression models analyzing overall PA also included adjustments by household chores. Results Attendance in PE ≥ 2/week was associated with higher frequencies of active play (girls: PR = 1.40, 95%CI = 1.11–1.78; boys: PR = 1.49, 95%CI = 1.15–1.94) and structured physical activity (girls: PR = 2.11, 95%CI = 1.31–3.40; boys: PR = 4.33, 95%CI = 1.63–11.52). Higher attendance in PE (≥ 2/week) was associated with high overall PA (girls: PR = 1.31, 95%CI = 1.06–1.62; boys: PR = 1.42, 95%CI = 1.14–1.77) and low SB (girls: PR = 0.80, 95%CI = 0.71–0.90; boys: PR = 0.81, 95%CI = 0.68–0.97). Attendance in PE 1/week was also associated with a lower frequency of daily SB among girls (PR = 0.73, 95%IC = 0.64–0.84) Conclusion Higher weekly attendance in PE was associated with higher frequencies of active play, structured physical activity, higher overall PA, and lower SB among both girls and boys.
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Stanić V, Žnidarič T, Repovš G, Geršak G. Dynamic Seat Assessment for Enabled Restlessness of Children with Learning Difficulties. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:3170. [PMID: 35590861 PMCID: PMC9099863 DOI: 10.3390/s22093170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) face a range of learning difficulties in the school environment, thus several strategies have been developed to enhance or optimise their performance in school. One possible way is to actively enable appropriate restlessness using dynamic seats. In this paper, an assessment of the efficacy of a dynamic seat while solving school task is presented and compared to classic chair and therapy ball. To test the effectiveness of active seat, a study that examined task solving performance while observing the intensity of movement, in-seat behaviour and psychophysiological responses (electrodermal activity, facial temperature) was designed. A total of 23 school-aged children participated in the study, 11 children with a combined type of ADHD and 12 children without disorders. Children with ADHD achieved the best results when sitting in the active seat, where the most intense movement and best in-seat behaviour was observed. At the same time, psychophysiological parameters indicate that when performing better at the task children with ADHD were not too challenged and were consequently less agitated. Results have suggested that for a better cognitive performance of children with ADHD, it is crucial to provide a comfortable and pleasant workspace that enables them the right amount of restlessness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Stanić
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Taja Žnidarič
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (T.Ž.); (G.R.)
| | - Grega Repovš
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (T.Ž.); (G.R.)
| | - Gregor Geršak
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
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Silva ECM, Barboza LLS, Gandarela L, Tejada J, Schmitz H, Gomes TN, Silva RJS, Sardinha LB, Silva DR. Two-Year Effectiveness of a Controlled Trial With Physically Active Lessons on Behavioral Indicators of School Children. RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT 2022:1-9. [PMID: 35438617 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2021.2020707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of two years of an intervention with physically active lessons on indicators of sedentary behavior and physical activity measured objectively in elementary school children. Methods: A controlled clinical trial with cluster sampling was carried out in 2018 and 2019, with four classes of children in the 2nd year of elementary school. The intervention group classes received dynamic activities linked to the pedagogical content (n = 34) for 2 years. The indicators of sedentary behavior and physical activities were evaluated using ActivPal and ActiGraph GT3X accelerometers during the school shift. Crude and adjusted models of Generalized Estimation Equations with Bonferroni's post hoc were used to identify the differences between the groups (three evaluations in 2018 and two evaluations in 2019). Results: There was a reduction in stationary behavior (p = .01) and an increase in light physical activity (p = .044) during the two years. In the first year there were reductions in standing time (p = .044) and number of transitions (p ≤ .001), and an increase in walking time (p = .017). However, in the second year, the mean differences in percentage points were smaller than in the first year. No differences were found for sitting time as well as for moderate and vigorous physical activity. We observed a large effect size for all variables. Conclusions: The introduction of physically active lessons in the classroom reduced time in stationary behavior and increased time in light physical activity. However, the effects on behavior observed in the first year were not maintained in the second year of intervention.
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McClendon ME, Umstattd Meyer MR, Prochnow T, Ylitalo KR, Meyer AR, Bridges Hamilton CN, Sharkey JR. ¿Qué Pasa Con Papá? Exploring Paternal Responsibilities and Physical Activity in Mexican-Heritage Families. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18168618. [PMID: 34444366 PMCID: PMC8393545 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Mexican-heritage children often achieve less physical activity (PA) than their counterparts and are at greater risk for associated comorbidities. Child PA is greatly influenced by their parents, yet researchers have rarely involved fathers in community health promotion. The purpose of this study is to examine Mexican-heritage fathers’ perceptions of responsibilities and self-reported activities. Promotoras recruited fathers (n = 300) from colonies on the Texas–Mexico border and administered Spanish-language surveys including paternal responsibilities, father PA, and PA co-participation. Two researchers coded responses. Open-ended items were coded and cross-tabulations between responsibilities and activities with children were examined. Fathers reported feeling monetary responsibilities most often. Fathers reported engaging in more activities with their sons than daughters; however, fathers engaged in very few activities specifically with their children. Feeling responsible for family expenses was associated with paternal PA co-participation with family and children. This study adds clarity to the role of Mexican-heritage fathers in child PA. Findings highlight potential areas for intervention including supporting fathers to take an active role in their children’s PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E. McClendon
- Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA;
- Department of Public Health, Robbins College of Health and Human Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA; (T.P.); (K.R.Y.); (C.N.B.H.)
| | - M. Renée Umstattd Meyer
- Department of Public Health, Robbins College of Health and Human Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA; (T.P.); (K.R.Y.); (C.N.B.H.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Tyler Prochnow
- Department of Public Health, Robbins College of Health and Human Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA; (T.P.); (K.R.Y.); (C.N.B.H.)
- Department of Health & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Kelly R. Ylitalo
- Department of Public Health, Robbins College of Health and Human Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA; (T.P.); (K.R.Y.); (C.N.B.H.)
| | - Andrew R. Meyer
- Department of Health, Human Performance & Recreation, Robbins College of Health and Human Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA;
| | - Christina N. Bridges Hamilton
- Department of Public Health, Robbins College of Health and Human Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA; (T.P.); (K.R.Y.); (C.N.B.H.)
- Department of Public Health & Health Education, SUNY Brockport, Brockport, NY 14420, USA
| | - Joseph R. Sharkey
- Department of Health Promotion & Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA;
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Drenowatz C, Ferrari G, Greier K. Changes in Physical Fitness during Summer Months and the School Year in Austrian Elementary School Children-A 4-Year Longitudinal Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18136920. [PMID: 34203280 PMCID: PMC8296944 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18136920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Even though physical fitness is an important component in children's health and well-being, there has been a decline in physical fitness over the last several decades. The present study examined potential differences in the development of physical fitness during the academic year and summer vacation in Austrian elementary-school children. A total of 214 children (52.3% boys) completed the German motor test in the fall (after summer vacation) and spring (prior to summer vacation) of every grade throughout their elementary school years. This resulted in eight assessments of cardio-respiratory endurance, muscular fitness, flexibility, speed, agility, and balance over a 4-year period. As expected, physical fitness increased with age but the improvement in cardio-respiratory endurance and muscular fitness was more pronounced during summer vacation (p < 0.01), while the improvement in speed was more pronounced during the academic year (p < 0.01). These results indicate an influence of weather conditions on health-enhancing physical activity in addition to structural and social support. Particularly in geographical regions with cold winters and shorter days, health-enhancing physical activity may be limited. Accordingly, schools need to provide additional opportunities to ensure an adequate amount of physical activity that stimulates the development of physical fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens Drenowatz
- Division of Sport, Physical Activity and Health, University of Education Upper Austria, 4020 Linz, Austria
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-732-7470-7426
| | - Gerson Ferrari
- Escuela de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago 7500618, Chile;
| | - Klaus Greier
- Division of Physical Education, Private Educational College (KPH-ES), 6422 Stams, Austria;
- Department of Sports Science, Leopold-Franzens University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Effects of Physically Active Lessons on Movement Behaviors, Cognitive, and Academic Performance in Elementary Schoolchildren: ERGUER/Aracaju Project. J Phys Act Health 2021; 18:757-766. [PMID: 34030123 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2020-0604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate the effects of the introduction of physically active lessons on movement behaviors, cognitive, and academic performance in schoolchildren. METHODS This was a cluster-controlled trial. A total of 61 students from the second year of elementary school in a public school in Brazil made up 2 intervention classes (n = 34) with the introduction of physically active lessons and 2 control classes (n = 27). Sedentary behavior, physical activity, cognitive, and academic performance were evaluated in 3 moments, which were compared using models of generalized estimating equations. RESULTS The intervention was effective for reducing the standing time between the baseline and 3 months while increasing the walking time between baseline and 3 months and baseline and 9 months. There was a reduction in time in stationary activities and increased time in light physical activities between all moments. The intervention group increased their performance in the go/no go test, showing a smaller number of errors between the baseline and 3 months and baseline and 9 months, and a reduction in the test time between baseline and 3 months. No impact on students' academic performance was observed. CONCLUSION Physically active lessons improve movement behaviors and cognitive functions among elementary schoolchildren.
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Tassitano RM, Weaver RG, Tenório MCM, Brazendale K, Beets MW. Physical activity and sedentary time of youth in structured settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2020; 17:160. [PMID: 33276782 PMCID: PMC7716454 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-020-01054-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Structured settings, such as school, childcare, afterschool programs, summer camps, and physical activity/sport programs are crucial to promoting physical activity (PA) opportunities and reducing sedentary (ST) for children and adolescents. However, little is known about how much PA and ST children and adolescents accumulate in structured settings. The aim of this study is to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the absolute amount of time youth spend physically active and sedentary in different structured settings (Prospero number: 42018111804). METHODS Observational and experimental/quasi-experimental studies (baseline data only) with full-text available, written in English and published in a peer-reviewed journal, reporting the total amount of objectively measured PA (light, moderate, vigorous, and/or total physical activity) and/or time spent ST during structured settings among youth (3 to 18 years) were eligible. Adjusted meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the pooled mean of time spent in PA and ST, by settings and sex. RESULTS A total of 187 studies (childcare n=60; school n=91; afterschool programs n=14; summer camp n=4; and Physical activity/ sport programs n=18) from 30 countries (47.9% United States), representing 74,870 youth (mean age 8.6 years old) were included. Overall, there was a high variation between studies in outcomes and settings. The meta-analyses revealed, on average, youth spend 221.8 minutes (36.7 min/hour) in ST and 32.1 minutes (5.1 min/hour) in MVPA during childcare hours, and 223.9 minutes (36.7min/hour) in ST and 27.8 min (4.4 min/hour) in MVPA at school. Relatively, youth are engaged in more MVPA in afterschool programs (11.7 min/hour), PA/ sport programs (20.9 min/hour), and summer camps (6.4 min/hour), when compared to childcare and school. CONCLUSION Total PA accumulated during childcare and MVPA accumulated during schools hours were close to recommendations, despite high proportion of ST. Afterschool programs, summer camp and PA/ sport programs are important settings that can contribute to daily PA and reduced ST. Ensuring all youth have access to these structured settings may be an important step forward for public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael M Tassitano
- Department of Physical Education, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, SN Dom Manoel de Medeiros St, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil.
| | | | - Maria Cecília M Tenório
- Department of Physical Education, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, SN Dom Manoel de Medeiros St, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil
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School facility utilization, physical activity, and sedentary time among children in Puerto Rico. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-020-00649-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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14
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Accelerometer-measured physical activity and sedentary behavior in Chinese children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Public Health 2020; 186:71-77. [PMID: 32784098 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2020.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To synthesize evidence on accelerometer-measured moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior (SB) levels of Chinese children and adolescents. STUDY DESIGN This is both a systematic review and meta-analysis study. METHODS Online databases were searched for studies published from January 2009 up to February 2019. These studies reported accelerometer-measured daily minutes of MVPA and/or SB among Chinese children and adolescents. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to separately pool the time spent in MVPA and SB. RESULTS Of 4754 records, 20 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Sample sizes ranged from 96 to 2163. The meta-analysis showed that Chinese children and adolescents spent 41.11 min/day in MVPA and 529.83 min/day in SB averagely. Boys spent more time in MVPA compared with girls (P = 0.01). Children accumulated more MVPA time than adolescents (P = 0.05), and children spent less time in SB than adolescents (P = 0.05). Unlike weekdays, SB was lower on weekends (P = 0.02). There were significant differences in children and adolescents' MVPA time in regions (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS MVPA level in Chinese children and adolescents is well below international recommendations, and their SB level is very high.
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Santos PCD, Lima LRAD, Costa BGGD, Martins CR, Minatto G, Berria J, Nunes EA, Petroski EL, Silva KSD. Association of physical activity and sedentary behavior at school with cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE CINEANTROPOMETRIA E DESEMPENHO HUMANO 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1980-0037.2020v22e72397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract The association of moderate to vigorous physical activity and sedentary behavior performed in the school context with cardiovascular risk factors is unclear. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate whether MVPA and SB during school time are associated with single and clustered cardiovascular risk factors in 10- to 16-year-old school students. This study used the baseline data from a non-randomized controlled clinical trial (“MEXA-SE”) conducted on 6th to 9th-grade students from schools in Florianopolis, Brazil. Skinfolds, resting blood pressure, 20-m shuttle-run test, fasting glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and white blood cell counts were obtained. MVPA and SB were objectively measured with accelerometers. A minimum of 180 minutes was considered valid school-time for analysis. Multiple linear regression adjusted for age, sex and habitual physical activity was used. School-time MVPA was positively associated with the peak VO2 (β = 0.17 ml.kg.min-1), and inversely associated with sum of four skinfolds (β = -0.96 mm), diastolic blood pressure (β = -0.36 mmHg), systolic blood pressure (β = -0.301 mmHg); triglycerides (β = -1.49 mg.dL-1), and clustered cardiovascular risk factors (β = -0.123). School-time SB was positively associated with clustered cardiovascular risk factors (β = 0.033). In conclusion, independently of habitual physical activity level, school-time MVPA and a lower time in SB were associated to single and clustered cardiovascular risk factors. Thus, the promotion of strategies aimed increase MVPA and reduce SB at school may prevent the onset and early accumulation of cardiovascular risk factors in adolescence.
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Wang WY, Hsieh YL, Hsueh MC, Liu Y, Liao Y. Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Patterns in Taiwanese Adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16224392. [PMID: 31717677 PMCID: PMC6888554 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16224392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Levels of physical activity and sedentary behavior among adolescents seem to vary within different settings, but few Asian studies have compared physical activity and sedentary activity patterns in adolescents across weekdays/weekends and during-school time/after-school time. This study aimed to provide objectively measured data describing intensity-specific physical activity and sedentary behavior patterns in Taiwanese adolescents. The results were sorted by gender and divided between weekdays/weekends and during-school time/after-school time. A total of 470 Taiwanese students (49.6% boys, ages 12–15 y) were recruited and fitted with GT3X+ accelerometers for seven days. Intensity-specific physical activity, total sedentary time, and sedentary bouts (number and duration ≥30 min) were measured. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to examine the significant differences in physical activity and sedentary behavior patterns between the genders on weekdays/weekends and during school/after-school time. The results show that the adolescents’ overall activity levels were below recommended thresholds, with girls engaging in significantly less moderate to vigorous physical activity, having longer sedentary time, longer time spent in sedentary bouts, and more frequent sedentary bouts than boys. Similar results were observed in physical activities of each intensity as well as sedentary behavior variables, both on weekdays/weekends and during-school/after-school periods. These findings emphasize the importance of developing and implementing approaches to increase moderate to vigorous physical activity, as well as decrease prolonged sedentary time and long sedentary bouts, especially for Taiwanese girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yi Wang
- Graduate Institute of Sports Pedagogy, University of Taipei, Taipei 11153, Taiwan; (W.-Y.W.); (Y.-L.H.)
| | - Yu-Ling Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Sports Pedagogy, University of Taipei, Taipei 11153, Taiwan; (W.-Y.W.); (Y.-L.H.)
| | - Ming-Chun Hsueh
- Graduate Institute of Sports Pedagogy, University of Taipei, Taipei 11153, Taiwan; (W.-Y.W.); (Y.-L.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-2871-8288 (ext. 5902)
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Physical Education and Sport Training, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China;
- Shanghai Research Center for Physical Fitness and Health of Children and Adolescents, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yung Liao
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 106, Taiwan;
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Egan CA, Webster CA, Beets MW, Weaver RG, Russ L, Michael D, Nesbitt D, Orendorff KL. Sedentary Time and Behavior during School: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH EDUCATION 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/19325037.2019.1642814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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18
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Differences in the Physical Activity, Sedentary Time, and BMI of Finnish Grade 5 Students. J Phys Act Health 2019; 16:765-771. [PMID: 31310997 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2018-0622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study examined the distribution of objectively measured physical activity (PA) and sedentary time of fifth-grade students during school, leisure time, and physical education (PE) classes. Demographic, anthropometric, and PA data were collected from 17 representative Finnish schools. METHODS To estimate the PA and sedentary time, participants (N = 592) wore wGT3X-BT ActiGraphs for 7 consecutive days. Comparisons were made between genders and different BMI groups. RESULTS From the study sample, 43.7% met the moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) guidelines. Participants spent 62.2% of the day sedentary and 8.2% in moderate and vigorous activities. Boys performed more MVPA than girls, and girls were more sedentary during school days. Boys had more MVPA than girls in leisure time, but there were no differences in sedentary time. However, an examination of PA assessed during PE classes revealed no differences between boys and girls. Normal-weight boys engaged in more MVPA than overweight and obese boys. No differences were found for girls. CONCLUSIONS The PE levels differ between different BMI groups in leisure time and during school but not during PE lessons. PA for overweight children should be targeted and compulsory PE time should be increased to achieve the PA guidelines.
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Silva DAS, Chaput JP, Tremblay MS. Participation frequency in physical education classes and physical activity and sitting time in Brazilian adolescents. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213785. [PMID: 30865705 PMCID: PMC6415839 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction To examine the association between participation frequency per week in physical education (PE) classes and physical activity (PA) and sitting time levels in adolescents according to the economic development level of the region of residence. Methods A cross-sectional study with a sample representative of Brazil was carried out with 12,220 students aged 11–19 years. Participation frequency per week in PE classes, moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), PA during PE classes, active commuting, PA outside of school hours, total accumulated PA, time sitting in front of the TV and total sitting time were assessed by using a self-administered questionnaire. Results Adolescents who reported having PE classes were more likely to meet MVPA recommendations (1–2 PE class/week–OR: 1.3, 95%CI: 1.1–1.5; ≥3 PE class/week–OR: 2.0, 95%CI: 1.7–2.5), spent more time in PA outside of school hours (1–2 PE class/week–OR: 1.6, 95%CI: 1.4–1.9; ≥3 PE class/week–OR: 2.0, 95%CI: 1.5–2.6), and accumulated more PA (1–2 PE class/week–OR: 1.9, 95%CI: 1.6–2.2; ≥3 PE class/week–OR: 6.0, 95%CI: 4.0–8.9) than students who reported not taking PE classes. Boys from regions with higher Human Development Index (HDI) who took ≥3 PE classes/week were more likely to have higher levels of active commuting (OR: 1.4, 95%CI: 1.1–1.9) and less likely of getting in front of TV (OR: 0.7, 95%CI: 0.5–0.9). Adolescents from regions with higher HDI were more likely to have more time spent in PA during PE classes (Male–OR: 2.7, 95%CI: 2.4–3.1; Female–OR = 3.2, 95%CI: 2.8–3.7). Conclusions Having PE classes is associated with a higher level of PA in both sexes and in both regions and lower level of sitting time in boys from regions with higher HDI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Augusto Santos Silva
- Research Center in Kinanthropometry and Human Performance, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil
| | - Jean-Philippe Chaput
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Mark S Tremblay
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
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Silva DAS, Chaput JP, Katzmarzyk PT, Fogelholm M, Hu G, Maher C, Olds T, Onywera V, Sarmiento OL, Standage M, Tudor-Locke C, Tremblay MS. Physical Education Classes, Physical Activity, and Sedentary Behavior in Children. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019; 50:995-1004. [PMID: 29252970 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000001524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to examine the associations between participation frequency in physical education (PE) classes and objective measures of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) in children from 12 countries at different levels of development. METHODS This multinational, cross-sectional study included 5874 children 9-11 yr old from sites in Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Finland, India, Kenya, Portugal, South Africa, the United Kingdom, and the United States. PA and SB were monitored for seven consecutive days using a waist-worn accelerometer. PA and SB data were presented for weekdays (times in and out of school) and weekend days. Participation frequency in PE classes was determined by questionnaire. Multilevel modeling analyses stratified by sex were used. RESULTS Overall, 24.8% of children self-reported participation in PE classes ≥3 times per week (25.3% in high-income countries [HIC] and 24.3% in low- and middle-income countries [LMIC]). After adjusting for age, sex, parental education, and body mass index z-score, results showed that children from low- and middle-income countries who took PE classes one to two times per week were more likely to present better indicators of PA and shorter time in SB in and out of school. In HIC, boys that participated in PE classes were more likely to meet the moderate-to-vigorous PA recommendations and to present better indicators of PA (in school) and shorter time in SB in and out of school. For girls in HIC, attending PE classes increased the likelihood of spending more time in moderate-to-vigorous PA, especially if they attended ≥3 times per week. CONCLUSION Attending PE classes is associated with a higher level of PA and a lower level of SB in and out of school during weekdays in children from countries at various levels of development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Augusto Santos Silva
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, CANADA.,Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, CANADA
| | | | - Peter T Katzmarzyk
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, CANADA
| | - Mikael Fogelholm
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, CANADA
| | - Gang Hu
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, CANADA
| | - Carol Maher
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, CANADA
| | - Timothy Olds
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, CANADA
| | - Vincent Onywera
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, CANADA
| | - Olga L Sarmiento
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, CANADA
| | - Martyn Standage
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, CANADA
| | - Catrine Tudor-Locke
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, CANADA.,Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, CANADA
| | - Mark S Tremblay
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, CANADA
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Jesus GMD, Dias LA, Cerqueira PDA, Assis MAAD, Kupek E. Diferenças de gênero na avaliação qualitativa de atividades físicas e sedentárias de escolares de 7 a 10 anos no nordeste brasileiro. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE CIÊNCIAS DO ESPORTE 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbce.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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da Costa BGG, da Silva KS, Bandeira AS, Martins CR, Vieira JAJ, Petroski EL. Pattern of Sedentary Behavior in Different Periods of School Time of Brazilian Adolescents. THE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2019; 89:99-105. [PMID: 30604452 DOI: 10.1111/josh.12716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sedentary behavior (SB) is related to unhealthy outcomes and is performed in many contexts, including school. The aim of this study was to identify sociodemographic, biological, and psychosocial correlates of SB performed at school in a sample of adolescents. METHODS Adolescents provided information regarding sex, age, socioeconomic status, and psychosocial variables related to physical activity (self-efficacy, attitudes, perception of school environment, peer and parental support). Body fat was estimated using skinfolds, and maximum aerobic capacity with a 20 m shuttle run. Adolescents wore accelerometers and SB performed during class time, physical education (PE) classes, and recesses was estimated. RESULTS Adolescents (N = 567, 53% female, 12.9 ± 5.3 years old) spent 67% of class time, 41% of PE classes, and 41% of recesses in SB. Girls spent more time in SB, and age was negatively associated with SB. Body fat was positively associated with SB in class time and PE classes. Peer support for physical activity was negatively associated with SB in class time, whereas attitudes related to physical activity were negatively associated with SB during PE classes and recesses. CONCLUSION Adolescents spend long periods in SB at school, even during opportunities to be active like PE classes and recesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno G G da Costa
- Research Center in Physical Activity and Health (Room 48), Center of Sports, Campus João David Ferreira Lima Florianópolis, Santa Catarina State 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Kelly S da Silva
- Research Center in Physical Activity and Health (Room 48), Center of Sports, Campus João David Ferreira Lima Florianópolis, Santa Catarina State 88040-900, Brazil
- Research Center in Physical Activity and Health, Federal University of Santa Catarina
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Santa Catarina
| | - Alexsandra S Bandeira
- Research Center in Physical Activity and Health (Room 48), Center of Sports, Campus João David Ferreira Lima Florianópolis, Santa Catarina State 88040-900, Brazil
- Research Center in Physical Activity and Health - Federal University of Santa Catarina
| | - Cilene R Martins
- Methodist College of Santa Maria - FAMES, Dr. Turi Street, 2003, Downtown Neighborhood, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State 97010-200, Brazil
| | - Jéssika A J Vieira
- Center for Research in Kineanthropometry and Human Performance - Federal University of Santa Catarina
- Center for Research in Kineanthropometry and Human Performance, Center of Sports, Campus João David Ferreira Lima, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina State 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Edio L Petroski
- Center for Research in Kineanthropometry and Human Performance - Federal University of Santa Catarina
- Department of Physical Education - Federal University of Santa Catarina Center for Research in Kineanthropometry and Human Performance, Center of Sports, Campus João David Ferreira Lima, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina State 88040-900, Brazil
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Physical Activity and Sedentary Time Are Positively Associated With Academic Performance: A 3-Year Longitudinal Study. J Phys Act Health 2019; 16:177-183. [PMID: 30696322 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2017-0587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To analyze the longitudinal association between academic performance and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), vigorous physical activity (VPA), and sedentary (SED) in a 3-year longitudinal study. A secondary aim was to determine whether MVPA and VPA were indirectly related with academic performance via waist circumference (WC). METHODS Physical activity (PA) and SED were measured by accelerometers. Academic performance was assessed by national tests in Danish and Math. Structural equation modeling was performed to evaluate whether MVPA, VPA, and SED were associated with academic performance and the potential PA-academic performance indirect relationship via WC. RESULTS MVPA and VPA were associated with academic performance, mediated via WC (β = 0.036; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.002 to 0.070 and β = 0.096; 95% CI, 0.027 to 0.164, respectively). SED was directly associated with academic performance (β = 0.124; 95% CI, 0.030 to 0.217, MVPA model and β = 0.132; 95% CI, 0.044 to 0.221, VPA model). WC was negatively associated with academic performance. CONCLUSIONS Both PA and SED time were positively associated with academic performance. Based on this, PA should be encouraged in children and youth not only to promote physical health but also to promote academic performance. Future studies should distinguish between school-related SED and other SED activities and their relationship with academic performance.
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M Adank A, H H Van Kann D, A A Hoeboer JJ, I de Vries S, P J Kremers S, B Vos S. Investigating Motor Competence in Association with Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity in 7- to 11-Year-Old Children. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15112470. [PMID: 30400657 PMCID: PMC6266212 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15112470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Children's motor competence (MC) has declined in the past decades, while sedentary behavior (SB) has increased. This study examined the association between MC and physical activity (PA) levels among primary schoolchildren. Demographics, body height and weight, MC (Athletic Skills Track), and PA levels (ActiGraph, GT3X+) were assessed among 595 children (291 boys, mean age = 9.1 years, SD = 1.1). MC was standardized into five categories: from very low to very high. PA levels were classified into SB, light PA (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA). Mixed-model analyses were conducted with PA levels as dependent variables and MC as the independent variable, while adjusting for age, gender, and body mass index (BMI) z-score on the individual level. A negative association between MC and SB and a positive association between MC and MVPA were found. The strength of both associations increased as children expressed lower or higher levels of MC. MC is an important correlate of both SB and MVPA, particularly for children with very high or low MC. Developing and improving children's MC may contribute to spending less time in SB and more time in MVPA, particularly for high-risk groups, i.e., children with low MC. Moreover, addressing MC development and PA promotion simultaneously might create positive feedback loops for both children's MC and PA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anoek M Adank
- School of Sport Studies, Fontys University of Applied Sciences, 5644 HZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
- Department of Industrial Design, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Dave H H Van Kann
- School of Sport Studies, Fontys University of Applied Sciences, 5644 HZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
- Department of Health Promotion, Nutrition and Translational Research Institute Maastricht (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Joris J A A Hoeboer
- The Hague University of Applied Sciences, Research group Healthy Lifestyle in a Supporting Environment, 2521 EN The Hague, The Netherlands.
| | - Sanne I de Vries
- The Hague University of Applied Sciences, Research group Healthy Lifestyle in a Supporting Environment, 2521 EN The Hague, The Netherlands.
| | - Stef P J Kremers
- Department of Health Promotion, Nutrition and Translational Research Institute Maastricht (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Steven B Vos
- School of Sport Studies, Fontys University of Applied Sciences, 5644 HZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
- Department of Industrial Design, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
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Regional Socioeconomic Inequalities in Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Among Brazilian Adolescents. J Phys Act Health 2018; 15:338-344. [DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2017-0338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background: This study aims to describe the regional prevalence and patterns of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior among Brazilian adolescents. Methods: Data from the Brazilian Scholar Health Survey, a nationally representative survey of ninth-grade adolescents [mean age: 14.29 y (14.27–14.29)] conducted in 2015 (n = 101,445), were used. Outcomes were television viewing, sitting time (ST), total PA, and active traveling collected via self-administered questionnaire. Information on frequency of physical education classes and type of school was collected from the school’s director. Frequencies with 95% confidence intervals were used to determine the prevalence and patterns of outcomes. Results: Higher prevalence of PA (≥300 min/wk) and ST (>4 h/d) was found in Midwest (PA = 38.0%; ST = 44.5%), South (PA = 37.6%; ST = 50.1%), and Southeast (PA = 36.1%; ST = 49.3%) compared with Northeast (PA = 29.7%; ST = 36.9%) and North (PA = 34.4%; ST = 34.8%) regions of Brazil. ST was higher among adolescents from private schools (51.5%) than public schools (42.9%), whereas active traveling was greater among students of public schools than private schools (62.0% vs 34.4%). Most inequalities in outcomes between capital and interior cities were in the poorest regions. Conclusions: The results indicate that national plans targeting regional inequalities are needed to improve PA and to reduce sedentary behavior among Brazilian adolescents.
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McClendon ME, Umstattd Meyer MR, Ylitalo KR, Sharkey JR. Physical Activity of Mexican-Heritage Youth During the Summer and School-Year: The Role of Parenting Strategies. J Community Health 2017; 42:1102-1110. [PMID: 28484886 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-017-0358-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Mexican-heritage youth living along the U.S.-Mexico border have higher rates of obesity than non-Hispanic Whites. Parenting strategies may influence youth physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviors (SB) mitigating these obesity rates; however, parenting strategies have not been well examined in Hispanic cultures. Therefore, we examined relationships between parenting strategies and PA and SB of Mexican-heritage youth. Mother-child dyads (n = 121 dyads) were surveyed during the summer and school-year. Quantile regression estimated relationships between parenting strategies, and PA and SB. Summer. Reinforcement was negatively associated with moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) among more active youth (β = -364.4); limit setting was negatively associated with SB among less sedentary youth (β = -23.3); and use of discipline was negatively associated with sedentary screen time in youth reporting less screen use (β = -3.2). School-year. Males reported more MVPA (773.9 min/week) than females (738.7 min/week). Reinforcement was positively associated with weekly MVPA among more active youth (β = 173.6), fewer sedentary minutes/week among all youth, and fewer sedentary screen time minutes among less sedentary youth (β = -6.4). Parenting strategies are related with PA and SB. Investigators should focus on identifying modifiable parenting strategies to address the various needs presented during summertime and school-year for Mexican-heritage youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Elizabeth McClendon
- Department of Health, Human Performance, & Recreation, Baylor University, One Bear Place, #97313, Waco, TX, 76798, USA
| | - M Renée Umstattd Meyer
- Department of Health, Human Performance, & Recreation, Baylor University, One Bear Place, #97313, Waco, TX, 76798, USA.
| | - Kelly R Ylitalo
- Department of Health, Human Performance, & Recreation, Baylor University, One Bear Place, #97313, Waco, TX, 76798, USA
| | - Joseph R Sharkey
- Texas A&M University, School of Public Health, College Station, Texas, USA
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