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Huang Y, Wang C, Zhou T, Xie F, Liu Z, Xu H, Liu M, Wang S, Li L, Chi Q, Shi J, Dong N, Xu K. Lumican promotes calcific aortic valve disease through H3 histone lactylation. Eur Heart J 2024:ehae407. [PMID: 38976370 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehae407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Valve interstitial cells (VICs) undergo a transition to intermediate state cells before ultimately transforming into the osteogenic cell population, which is a pivotal cellular process in calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD). Herein, this study successfully delineated the stages of VIC osteogenic transformation and elucidated a novel key regulatory role of lumican (LUM) in this process. METHODS Single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) from nine human aortic valves was used to characterize the pathological switch process and identify key regulatory factors. The in vitro, ex vivo, in vivo, and double knockout mice were constructed to further unravel the calcification-promoting effect of LUM. Moreover, the multi-omic approaches were employed to analyse the molecular mechanism of LUM in CAVD. RESULTS ScRNA-seq successfully delineated the process of VIC pathological transformation and highlighted the significance of LUM as a novel molecule in this process. The pro-calcification role of LUM is confirmed on the in vitro, ex vivo, in vivo level, and ApoE-/-//LUM-/- double knockout mice. The LUM induces osteogenesis in VICs via activation of inflammatory pathways and augmentation of cellular glycolysis, resulting in the accumulation of lactate. Subsequent investigation has unveiled a novel LUM driving histone modification, lactylation, which plays a role in facilitating valve calcification. More importantly, this study has identified two specific sites of histone lactylation, namely, H3K14la and H3K9la, which have been found to facilitate the process of calcification. The confirmation of these modification sites' association with the expression of calcific genes Runx2 and BMP2 has been achieved through ChIP-PCR analysis. CONCLUSIONS The study presents novel findings, being the first to establish the involvement of lumican in mediating H3 histone lactylation, thus facilitating the development of aortic valve calcification. Consequently, lumican would be a promising therapeutic target for intervention in the treatment of CAVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuming Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Chunli Wang
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan 430065, China
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Tingwen Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Fei Xie
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Zongtao Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Haiying Xu
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chinese Medicine Processing, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Shunshun Wang
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chinese Medicine Processing, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Lanqing Li
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chinese Medicine Processing, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Qingjia Chi
- Department of Engineering Structure and Mechanics, School of Science, Wuhan University of Technology, China
| | - Jiawei Shi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Nianguo Dong
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Kang Xu
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan 430065, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chinese Medicine Processing, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
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Yang J, Chen M, Ye J, Ma H. Targeting PRAME for acute myeloid leukemia therapy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1378277. [PMID: 38596687 PMCID: PMC11002138 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1378277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite significant progress in targeted therapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML), clinical outcomes are disappointing for elderly patients, patients with less fit disease characteristics, and patients with adverse disease risk characteristics. Over the past 10 years, adaptive T-cell immunotherapy has been recognized as a strategy for treating various malignant tumors. However, it has faced significant challenges in AML, primarily because myeloid blasts do not contain unique surface antigens. The preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME), a cancer-testis antigen, is abnormally expressed in AML and does not exist in normal hematopoietic cells. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that PRAME is a useful target for treating AML. This paper reviews the structure and function of PRAME, its effects on normal cells and AML blasts, its implications in prognosis and follow-up, and its use in antigen-specific immunotherapy for AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjun Yang
- Department of Hematology and Institute of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengran Chen
- Department of Hematology and Institute of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Ye
- Department of Dermatology and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongbing Ma
- Department of Hematology and Institute of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Miguez PA, Bash E, Musskopf ML, Tuin SA, Rivera-Concepcion A, Chapple ILC, Liu J. Control of tissue homeostasis by the extracellular matrix: Synthetic heparan sulfate as a promising therapeutic for periodontal health and bone regeneration. Periodontol 2000 2024; 94:510-531. [PMID: 37614159 PMCID: PMC10891305 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Proteoglycans are core proteins associated with carbohydrate/sugar moieties that are highly variable in disaccharide composition, which dictates their function. These carbohydrates are named glycosaminoglycans, and they can be attached to proteoglycans or found free in tissues or on cell surfaces. Glycosaminoglycans such as hyaluronan, chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, keratan sulfate, and heparin/heparan sulfate have multiple functions including involvement in inflammation, immunity and connective tissue structure, and integrity. Heparan sulfate is a highly sulfated polysaccharide that is abundant in the periodontium including alveolar bone. Recent evidence supports the contention that heparan sulfate is an important player in modulating interactions between damage associated molecular patterns and inflammatory receptors expressed by various cell types. The structure of heparan sulfate is reported to dictate its function, thus, the utilization of a homogenous and structurally defined heparan sulfate polysaccharide for modulation of cell function offers therapeutic potential. Recently, a chemoenzymatic approach was developed to allow production of many structurally defined heparan sulfate carbohydrates. These oligosaccharides have been studied in various pathological inflammatory conditions to better understand their function and their potential application in promoting tissue homeostasis. We have observed that specific size and sulfation patterns can modulate inflammation and promote tissue maintenance including an anabolic effect in alveolar bone. Thus, new evidence provides a strong impetus to explore heparan sulfate as a potential novel therapeutic agent to treat periodontitis, support alveolar bone maintenance, and promote bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- PA Miguez
- Division of Comprehensive Oral Health - Periodontology, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - E Bash
- Division of Comprehensive Oral Health - Periodontology, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - ML Musskopf
- Division of Comprehensive Oral Health - Periodontology, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - SA Tuin
- Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - A Rivera-Concepcion
- Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - ILC Chapple
- Periodontal Research Group, School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Birmingham’s NIHR BRC in Inflammation Research, University of Birmingham and Birmingham Community Health Foundation Trust, Birmingham UK Iain Chapple
| | - J Liu
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Schäfer H, Subbarayan K, Massa C, Vaxevanis C, Mueller A, Seliger B. Correlation of the tumor escape phenotype with loss of PRELP expression in melanoma. J Transl Med 2023; 21:643. [PMID: 37730606 PMCID: PMC10512569 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04476-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite immunotherapies having revolutionized the treatment of advanced cutaneous melanoma, effective and durable responses were only reported in a few patients. A better understanding of the interaction of melanoma cells with the microenvironment, including extracellular matrix (ECM) components, might provide novel therapeutic options. Although the ECM has been linked to several hallmarks of cancer, little information is available regarding the expression and function of the ECM protein purine-arginine-rich and leucine-rich protein (PRELP) in cancer, including melanoma. METHODS The structural integrity, expression and function of PRELP, its correlation with the expression of immune modulatory molecules, immune cell infiltration and clinical parameters were determined using standard methods and/or bioinformatics. RESULTS Bioinformatics analysis revealed a heterogeneous, but statistically significant reduced PRELP expression in available datasets of skin cutaneous melanoma when compared to adjacent normal tissues, which was associated with reduced patients' survival, low expression levels of components of the MHC class I antigen processing machinery (APM) and interferon (IFN)-γ signal transduction pathway, but increased expression of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β isoform 1 (TFGB1) and TGF-β receptor 1 (TGFBR1). In addition, a high frequency of intra-tumoral T cells directly correlated with the expression of MHC class I and PRELP as well as the T cell attractant CCL5 in melanoma lesions. Marginal to low PRELP expression levels were found in the 47/49 human melanoma cell lines analysis. Transfection of PRELP into melanoma cell lines restored MHC class I surface expression due to transcriptional upregulation of major MHC class I APM and IFN-γ pathway components. In addition, PRELP overexpression is accompanied by high CCL5 secretion levels in cell supernatant, an impaired TGF-β signaling as well as a reduced cell proliferation, migration and invasion of melanoma cells. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that PRELP induces the expression of MHC class I and CCL5 in melanoma, which might be involved in an enhanced T cell recruitment and immunogenicity associated with an improved patients' outcome. Therefore, PRELP might serve as a marker for predicting disease progression and its recovery could revert the tumorigenic phenotype, which represents a novel therapeutic option for melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helene Schäfer
- Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 2, 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Karthikeyan Subbarayan
- Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 2, 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Chiara Massa
- Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 2, 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Christoforos Vaxevanis
- Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 2, 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Anja Mueller
- Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 2, 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Barbara Seliger
- Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 2, 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany.
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Perlickstr. 1, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical School Brandenburg, Hochstr. 29, 14770, Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany.
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Berdiaki A, Giatagana EM, Tzanakakis G, Nikitovic D. The Landscape of Small Leucine-Rich Proteoglycan Impact on Cancer Pathogenesis with a Focus on Biglycan and Lumican. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3549. [PMID: 37509212 PMCID: PMC10377491 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15143549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer development is a multifactorial procedure that involves changes in the cell microenvironment and specific modulations in cell functions. A tumor microenvironment contains tumor cells, non-malignant cells, blood vessels, cells of the immune system, stromal cells, and the extracellular matrix (ECM). The small leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRPs) are a family of nineteen proteoglycans, which are ubiquitously expressed among mammalian tissues and especially abundant in the ECM. SLRPs are divided into five canonical classes (classes I-III, containing fourteen members) and non-canonical classes (classes IV-V, including five members) based on their amino-acid structural sequence, chromosomal organization, and functional properties. Variations in both the protein core structure and glycosylation status lead to SLRP-specific interactions with cell membrane receptors, cytokines, growth factors, and structural ECM molecules. SLRPs have been implicated in the regulation of cancer growth, motility, and invasion, as well as in cancer-associated inflammation and autophagy, highlighting their crucial role in the processes of carcinogenesis. Except for the class I SLRP decorin, to which an anti-tumorigenic role has been attributed, other SLPRs' roles have not been fully clarified. This review will focus on the functions of the class I and II SLRP members biglycan and lumican, which are correlated to various aspects of cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini Berdiaki
- Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Eirini-Maria Giatagana
- Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - George Tzanakakis
- Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Dragana Nikitovic
- Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
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Zhao F, Bai Y, Xiang X, Pang X. The role of fibromodulin in inflammatory responses and diseases associated with inflammation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1191787. [PMID: 37483637 PMCID: PMC10360182 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1191787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is an immune response that the host organism eliminates threats from foreign objects or endogenous signals. It plays a key role in the progression, prognosis as well as therapy of diseases. Chronic inflammatory diseases have been regarded as the main cause of death worldwide at present, which greatly affect a vast number of individuals, producing economic and social burdens. Thus, developing drugs targeting inflammation has become necessary and attractive in the world. Currently, accumulating evidence suggests that small leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRPs) exhibit essential roles in various inflammatory responses by acting as an anti-inflammatory or pro-inflammatory role in different scenarios of diseases. Of particular interest was a well-studied member, termed fibromodulin (FMOD), which has been largely explored in the role of inflammatory responses in inflammatory-related diseases. In this review, particular focus is given to the role of FMOD in inflammatory response including the relationship of FMOD with the complement system and immune cells, as well as the role of FMOD in the diseases associated with inflammation, such as skin wounding healing, osteoarthritis (OA), tendinopathy, atherosclerosis, and heart failure (HF). By conducting this review, we intend to gain insight into the role of FMOD in inflammation, which may open the way for the development of new anti-inflammation drugs in the scenarios of different inflammatory-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Bai
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuerong Xiang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Pang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Novel DCN Mutation in Armenian Family With Congenital Stromal Corneal Dystrophy. Cornea 2023; 42:464-469. [PMID: 36534610 DOI: 10.1097/ico.0000000000003167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Congenital stromal corneal dystrophy (CSCD) is a rare congenital, dominantly inherited disorder characterized by diffuse stromal opacification associated with mutations in the decorin gene ( DCN ). As only 5 families with genetically confirmed CSCD have been reported, the identification of a novel pedigree provides the opportunity to better characterize the phenotype and genetic basis. METHODS An Armenian family with individuals in 4 consecutive generations demonstrated clinical features consistent with CSCD. Consented individuals underwent slit lamp examination, optical coherence tomography, and confocal microscopy. Genomic DNA was collected from saliva and all coding and adjacent intronic regions of DCN were sequenced. In silico analysis was performed for identified mutation(s). Excised corneal tissue underwent light, electron microscopic, and immunohistochemical evaluation. RESULTS Affected individuals demonstrated bilateral, diffuse, panstromal corneal opacification. Three of the 6 individuals diagnosed with CSCD underwent genetic analysis; all demonstrated a novel heterozygous frameshift deletion in exon 8 of DCN (p.His317Thrfs*11), predicted to cause a 33 amino acid truncation and to be damaging and disease causing by SIFT and MutationTaster. Light and electron microscopic examination of an excised cornea demonstrated increased corneal thickness, stromal scarring, keratocyte loss, and an irregularity of lamellar collagen spacing and fibril formation. Immunofluorescent examination demonstrated increased DCN immunostaining, predominantly in the widened interlamellar spaces. CONCLUSIONS We report only the sixth pedigree with genetically confirmed CSCD, associated with a novel DCN frameshift mutation. The clinical evaluation, multimodal imaging, and histopathologic assessment in this family with CSCD broaden our understanding of this rare corneal disease.
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Rivet R, Rao RM, Nizet P, Belloy N, Huber L, Dauchez M, Ramont L, Baud S, Brézillon S. Differential MMP-14 targeting by biglycan, decorin, fibromodulin, and lumican unraveled by in silico approach. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 324:C353-C365. [PMID: 36534501 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00429.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Small leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRPs) are major regulators of extracellular matrix assembly and cell signaling. Lumican, a member of the SLRPs family, and its derived peptides were shown to possess antitumor activity by interacting directly with the catalytic domain of MMP-14 leading to the inhibition of its activity. The aim of the present report was to characterize by in silico three-dimensional (3D) modeling the structure and the dynamics of four SLRPs including their core protein and their specific polysaccharide chains to assess their capacity to bind to MMP-14 and to regulate its activity. Molecular docking experiments were performed to identify the specific amino acids of MMP-14 interacting with each of the four SLRPs. The inhibition of each SLRP (100 nM) on MMP-14 activity was measured and the constants of inhibition (Ki) were evaluated. The impact of the number of glycan chains, structures, and dynamics of lumican on the interaction with MMP-14 was assessed by molecular dynamics simulations. Molecular docking analysis showed that all SLRPs bind to MMP-14 through their concave face, but in different regions of the catalytic domain of MMP-14. Each SLRPs inhibited significantly the MMP-14 activity. Finally, molecular dynamics showed the role of glycan chains in interaction with MMP-14 and shielding effect of SLRPs. Altogether, the results demonstrated that each SLRP exhibited inhibition of MMP-14 activity. However, the differential targeting of MMP-14 by the SLRPs was shown to be related not only to the core protein conformation but also to the glycan chain structures and dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Rivet
- CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Rajas Mallenahalli Rao
- CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Reims, France.,P3M, Multi-Scale-Molecular Modeling Platform, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Pierre Nizet
- CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Nicolas Belloy
- CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Reims, France.,P3M, Multi-Scale-Molecular Modeling Platform, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Louise Huber
- CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Manuel Dauchez
- CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Reims, France.,P3M, Multi-Scale-Molecular Modeling Platform, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Laurent Ramont
- CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Reims, France.,CHU Reims, Service Biochimie Pharmacologie-Toxicologie, Reims, France
| | - Stéphanie Baud
- CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Reims, France.,P3M, Multi-Scale-Molecular Modeling Platform, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Stéphane Brézillon
- CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Reims, France
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Giatagana EM, Berdiaki A, Gaardløs M, Tsatsakis AM, Samsonov SA, Nikitovic D. Rapamycin-induced autophagy in osteosarcoma cells is mediated via the biglycan/Wnt/β-catenin signaling axis. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C1740-C1756. [PMID: 36280393 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00368.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Biglycan is a class I secreted small leucine-rich proteoglycan (SLRP), which regulates signaling pathways connected to bone pathologies. Autophagy is a vital catabolic process with a dual role in cancer progression. Here, we show that biglycan inhibits autophagy in two osteosarcoma cell lines (P ≤ 0.001), while rapamycin-induced autophagy decreases biglycan expression in MG63 osteosarcoma cells and abrogates the biglycan-induced cell growth increase (P ≤ 0.001). Rapamycin also inhibits β-catenin translocation to the nucleus, inhibiting the Wnt pathway (P ≤ 0.001) and reducing biglycan's colocalization with the Wnt coreceptor LRP6 (P ≤ 0.05). Furthermore, biglycan exhibits protective effects against the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin in MG63 OS cells through an autophagy-dependent manner (P ≤ 0.05). Cotreatment of these cells with rapamycin and doxorubicin enhances cells response to doxorubicin by decreasing biglycan (P ≤ 0.001) and β-catenin (P ≤ 0.05) expression. Biglycan deficiency leads to increased caspase-3 activation (P ≤ 0.05), suggesting increased apoptosis of biglycan-deficient cells treated with doxorubicin. Computational models of LRP6 and biglycan complexes suggest that biglycan changes the receptor's ability to interact with other signaling molecules by affecting the interdomain bending angles in the receptor structure. Biglycan binding to LRP6 activates the Wnt pathway and β-catenin nuclear translocation by disrupting β-catenin degradation complex (P ≤ 0.01 and P ≤ 0.05). Interestingly, this mechanism is not followed in moderately differentiated, biglycan-nonexpressing U-2OS OS cells. To sum up, biglycan exhibits protective effects against the doxorubicin in MG63 OS cells by activating the Wnt signaling pathway and inhibiting autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eirini-Maria Giatagana
- Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion Greece
| | - Aikaterini Berdiaki
- Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion Greece
| | - Margrethe Gaardløs
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Aristidis M Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Sergey A Samsonov
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Dragana Nikitovic
- Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion Greece
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Biglycan Interacts with Type I Insulin-like Receptor (IGF-IR) Signaling Pathway to Regulate Osteosarcoma Cell Growth and Response to Chemotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14051196. [PMID: 35267503 PMCID: PMC8909324 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Osteosarcoma (OS) is an aggressive, primary bone cancer. OS cells produce altered osteoid whose components participate in signaling correlated to the development of this cancer. Biglycan (BGN), a proteoglycan, is correlated to aggressive OS type and resistance to chemotherapy. A constitutive signaling of insulin-like growth factor receptor I (IGF-IR) signaling in sarcoma progression was established. We showed that biglycan binds IGF-IR resulting in prolonged IGF-IR activation, nuclear translocation, and growth response of the poorly-differentiated MG63 cells correlated to increased aggressiveness markers expression and enhanced chemoresistance. This mechanism is not valid in moderately and well-differentiated, biglycan non-expressing U-2OS and Saos-2 OS cells. Abstract Osteosarcoma (OS) is a mesenchymally derived, aggressive bone cancer. OS cells produce an aberrant nonmineralized or partly mineralized extracellular matrix (ECM) whose components participate in signaling pathways connected to specific pathogenic phenotypes of this bone cancer. The expression of biglycan (BGN), a secreted small leucine-rich proteoglycan (SLRP), is correlated to aggressive OS phenotype and resistance to chemotherapy. A constitutive signaling of IGF-IR signaling input in sarcoma progression has been established. Here, we show that biglycan activates the IGF-IR signaling pathway to promote MG63 biglycan-secreting OS cell growth by forming a complex with the receptor. Computational models of IGF-IR and biglycan docking suggest that biglycan binds IGF-IR dimer via its concave surface. Our binding free energy calculations indicate the formation of a stable complex. Biglycan binding results in prolonged IGF-IR activation leading to protracted IGF-IR-dependent cell growth response of the poorly-differentiated MG63 cells. Moreover, biglycan facilitates the internalization (p ≤ 0.01, p ≤ 0.001) and sumoylation-enhanced nuclear translocation of IGF-IR (p ≤ 0.05) and its DNA binding in MG63 cells (p ≤ 0.001). The tyrosine kinase activity of the receptor mediates this mechanism. Furthermore, biglycan downregulates the expression of the tumor-suppressor gene, PTEN (p ≤ 0.01), and increases the expression of endothelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and aggressiveness markers vimentin (p ≤ 0.01) and fibronectin (p ≤ 0.01) in MG63 cells. Interestingly, this mechanism is not valid in moderately and well-differentiated, biglycan non-expressing U-2OS and Saos-2 OS cells. Furthermore, biglycan exhibits protective effects against the chemotherapeutic drug, doxorubicin, in MG63 OS cells (p ≤ 0.01). In conclusion, these data indicate a potential direct and adjunct therapeutical role of biglycan in osteosarcoma.
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Assessment of Ovarian Tumor Growth in Wild-Type and Lumican-Deficient Mice: Insights Using Infrared Spectral Imaging, Histopathology, and Immunohistochemistry. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13235950. [PMID: 34885059 PMCID: PMC8656468 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13235950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Lumican, a small leucine-rich proteoglycan (SLRP), maintains extracellular matrix (ECM) integrity while inhibiting melanoma primary tumor development, as well as metastatic spread. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of lumican on tumor growth of murine ovarian carcinoma. C57BL/6 wild type mice (n = 12) and lumican-deficient mice (n = 10) were subcutaneously injected with murine ovarian epithelial carcinoma ID8 cells, and sacrificed after 18 days. Label-free infrared spectral imaging (IRSI) generated high contrast IR images allowing identification of different ECM regions of the skin and the ovarian tumor. IRSI showed a good correlation with collagen distribution as well as organization, as analyzed using second harmonic generation imaging within the tumor area. The results demonstrated that lumican inhibited the growth of ovarian cancer mainly by altering collagen fibrilogenesis. Abstract Ovarian cancer remains one of the most fatal cancers due to a lack of robust screening methods of detection at early stages. Extracellular matrix (ECM) mediates interactions between cancer cells and their microenvironment via specific molecules. Lumican, a small leucine-rich proteoglycan (SLRP), maintains ECM integrity and inhibits both melanoma primary tumor development, as well as metastatic spread. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of lumican on tumor growth of murine ovarian epithelial cancer. C57BL/6 wild type mice (n = 12) and lumican-deficient mice (n = 10) were subcutaneously injected with murine ovarian epithelial carcinoma ID8 cells, and then sacrificed after 18 days. Analysis of tumor volumes demonstrated an inhibitory effect of endogenous lumican on ovarian tumor growth. The ovarian primary tumors were subjected to histological and immunohistochemical staining using anti-lumican, anti-αv integrin, anti-CD31 and anti-cyclin D1 antibodies, and then further examined by label-free infrared spectral imaging (IRSI), second harmonic generation (SHG) and Picrosirius red staining. The IR tissue images allowed for the identification of different ECM tissue regions of the skin and the ovarian tumor. Moreover, IRSI showed a good correlation with αv integrin immunostaining and collagen organization within the tumor. Our results demonstrate that lumican inhibits ovarian cancer growth mainly by altering collagen fibrilogenesis.
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Proteoglycans and Diseases of Soft Tissues. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1348:127-138. [PMID: 34807417 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-80614-9_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Proteoglycans consist of protein cores to which at least one glycosaminoglycan chain is attached. They play important roles in the physiology and biomechanical function of tendons, ligaments, cardiovascular system, and other systems through their involvement in regulation of assembly and maintenance of extracellular matrix, and through their participation in cell proliferation together with growth factors. They can be divided into two main groups, small and large proteoglycans. The small proteoglycans are also known as small leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRPs) which are encoded by 18 genes and are further subclassified into Classes I-V. Several members of Class I and II, such as decorin and biglycan from Class I, and Class II fibromodulin and lumican, are known to regulate collagen fibrillogenesis. Decorin limits the diameter of collagen fibrils during fibrillogenesis. The function of biglycan in fibrillogenesis is similar to that of decorin. Though biomechanical function of tendon is compromised in decorin-deficient mice, decorin can substitute for lack of biglycan in biglycan-deficient mice. New data also indicate an important role for biglycan in disorders of the cardiovascular system, including aortic valve stenosis and aortic dissection. Two members of the Class II of SLRPs, fibromodulin and lumican bind to the same site within the collagen molecule and can substitute for each other in fibromodulin- or lumican-deficient mice.Aggrecan and versican are the major representatives of the large proteoglycans. Though they are mainly found in the cartilage where they provide resilience and toughness, they are present also in tensile portions of tendons and, in slightly different biochemical form in fibrocartilage. Degradation by aggrecanase is responsible for the appearance of different forms of aggrecan and versican in different parts of the tendon where these cleaved forms play different roles. In addition, they are important components of the ventricularis of cardiac valves. Mutations in the gene for versican or in the gene for elastin (which binds to versican ) lead to severe disruptions of normal developmental of the heart at least in mice.
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Dauvé J, Belloy N, Rivet R, Etique N, Nizet P, Pietraszek-Gremplewicz K, Karamanou K, Dauchez M, Ramont L, Brézillon S, Baud S. Differential MMP-14 Targeting by Lumican-Derived Peptides Unraveled by In Silico Approach. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13194930. [PMID: 34638415 PMCID: PMC8507859 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lumican, a small leucine-rich proteoglycan (SLRP) of the extracellular matrix (ECM), displays anti-tumor properties through its direct interaction with MMP-14. Lumican-derived peptides, such as lumcorin (17 amino acids) or L9M (10 amino acids), are able to inhibit the proteolytic activity of MMP-14 and melanoma progression. This work aimed to visualize the interactions of lumican-derived peptides and MMP-14. Molecular modeling was used to characterize the interactions between lumican-derived peptides, such as lumcorin, L9M, and cyclic L9M (L9Mc, 12 amino acids), and MMP-14. The interaction of L9Mc with MMP-14 was preferential with the MT-Loop domain while lumcorin interacted more with the catalytic site. Key residues in the MMP-14 amino acid sequence were highlighted for the interaction between the inhibitory SLRP-derived peptides and MMP-14. In order to validate the in silico data, MMP-14 activity and migration assays were performed using murine B16F1 and human HT-144 melanoma cells. In contrast to the HT-144 melanoma cell line, L9Mc significantly inhibited the migration of B16F1 cells and the activity of MMP-14 but with less efficacy than lumican and lumcorin. L9Mc significantly inhibited the proliferation of B16F1 but not of HT-144 cells in vitro and primary melanoma tumor growth in vivo. Thus, the site of interaction between the domains of MMP-14 and lumcorin or L9Mc were different, which might explain the differences in the inhibitory effect of MMP-14 activity. Altogether, the biological assays validated the prediction of the in silico study. Possible and feasible improvements include molecular dynamics results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Dauvé
- P3M, Multi-Scale Molecular Modeling Platform, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, 51097 Reims, France; (J.D.); (N.B.); (M.D.)
- CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, 51095 Reims, France; (R.R.); (N.E.); (P.N.); (K.K.); (L.R.); (S.B.)
| | - Nicolas Belloy
- P3M, Multi-Scale Molecular Modeling Platform, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, 51097 Reims, France; (J.D.); (N.B.); (M.D.)
- CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, 51095 Reims, France; (R.R.); (N.E.); (P.N.); (K.K.); (L.R.); (S.B.)
| | - Romain Rivet
- CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, 51095 Reims, France; (R.R.); (N.E.); (P.N.); (K.K.); (L.R.); (S.B.)
| | - Nicolas Etique
- CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, 51095 Reims, France; (R.R.); (N.E.); (P.N.); (K.K.); (L.R.); (S.B.)
| | - Pierre Nizet
- CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, 51095 Reims, France; (R.R.); (N.E.); (P.N.); (K.K.); (L.R.); (S.B.)
| | | | - Konstantina Karamanou
- CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, 51095 Reims, France; (R.R.); (N.E.); (P.N.); (K.K.); (L.R.); (S.B.)
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26110 Patras, Greece
| | - Manuel Dauchez
- P3M, Multi-Scale Molecular Modeling Platform, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, 51097 Reims, France; (J.D.); (N.B.); (M.D.)
- CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, 51095 Reims, France; (R.R.); (N.E.); (P.N.); (K.K.); (L.R.); (S.B.)
| | - Laurent Ramont
- CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, 51095 Reims, France; (R.R.); (N.E.); (P.N.); (K.K.); (L.R.); (S.B.)
- CHU Reims, Service Biochimie Pharmacologie-Toxicologie, 51092 Reims, France
| | - Stéphane Brézillon
- CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, 51095 Reims, France; (R.R.); (N.E.); (P.N.); (K.K.); (L.R.); (S.B.)
| | - Stéphanie Baud
- P3M, Multi-Scale Molecular Modeling Platform, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, 51097 Reims, France; (J.D.); (N.B.); (M.D.)
- CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, 51095 Reims, France; (R.R.); (N.E.); (P.N.); (K.K.); (L.R.); (S.B.)
- Correspondence:
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Roles of Two Small Leucine-Rich Proteoglycans Decorin and Biglycan in Pregnancy and Pregnancy-Associated Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910584. [PMID: 34638928 PMCID: PMC8509074 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Two small leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRP), decorin and biglycan, play important roles in structural–functional integrity of the placenta and fetal membranes, and their alterations can result in several pregnancy-associated diseases. In this review, we briefly discuss normal placental structure and functions, define and classify SLRPs, and then focus on two SLRPs, decorin (DCN) and biglycan (BGN). We discuss the consequences of deletions/mutations of DCN and BGN. We then summarize DCN and BGN expression in the pregnant uterus, myometrium, decidua, placenta, and fetal membranes. Actions of these SLRPs as ligands are then discussed in the context of multiple binding partners in the extracellular matrix and cell surface (receptors), as well as their alterations in pathological pregnancies, such as preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, and preterm premature rupture of membranes. Lastly, we raise some unanswered questions as food for thought.
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Giatagana EM, Berdiaki A, Tsatsakis A, Tzanakakis GN, Nikitovic D. Lumican in Carcinogenesis-Revisited. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11091319. [PMID: 34572532 PMCID: PMC8466546 DOI: 10.3390/biom11091319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Carcinogenesis is a multifactorial process with the input and interactions of environmental, genetic, and metabolic factors. During cancer development, a significant remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) is evident. Proteoglycans (PGs), such as lumican, are glycosylated proteins that participate in the formation of the ECM and are established biological mediators. Notably, lumican is involved in cellular processes associated with tumorigeneses, such as EMT (epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition), cellular proliferation, migration, invasion, and adhesion. Furthermore, lumican is expressed in various cancer tissues and is reported to have a positive or negative correlation with tumor progression. This review focuses on significant advances achieved regardingthe role of lumican in the tumor biology. Here, the effects of lumican on cancer cell growth, invasion, motility, and metastasis are discussed, as well as the repercussions on autophagy and apoptosis. Finally, in light of the available data, novel roles for lumican as a cancer prognosis marker, chemoresistance regulator, and cancer therapy target are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eirini-Maria Giatagana
- Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Department of Morphology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (E.-M.G.); (A.B.); (G.N.T.)
| | - Aikaterini Berdiaki
- Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Department of Morphology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (E.-M.G.); (A.B.); (G.N.T.)
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Morphology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - George N. Tzanakakis
- Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Department of Morphology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (E.-M.G.); (A.B.); (G.N.T.)
| | - Dragana Nikitovic
- Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Department of Morphology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (E.-M.G.); (A.B.); (G.N.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-281-039-4557
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Small Leucine-Rich Proteoglycans (SLRPs) in the Retina. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147293. [PMID: 34298915 PMCID: PMC8305803 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinal diseases such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), and diabetic retinopathy (DR) are the leading causes of visual impairment worldwide. There is a critical need to understand the structural and cellular components that play a vital role in the pathophysiology of retinal diseases. One potential component is the family of structural proteins called small leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRPs). SLRPs are crucial in many fundamental biological processes involved in the maintenance of retinal homeostasis. They are present within the extracellular matrix (ECM) of connective and vascular tissues and contribute to tissue organization and modulation of cell growth. They play a vital role in cell–matrix interactions in many upstream signaling pathways involved in fibrillogenesis and angiogenesis. In this comprehensive review, we describe the expression patterns and function of SLRPs in the retina, including Biglycan and Decorin from class I; Fibromodulin, Lumican, and a Proline/arginine-rich end leucine-rich repeat protein (PRELP) from class II; Opticin and Osteoglycin/Mimecan from class III; and Chondroadherin (CHAD), Tsukushi and Nyctalopin from class IV.
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Maiti G, Frikeche J, Lam CYM, Biswas A, Shinde V, Samanovic M, Kagan JC, Mulligan MJ, Chakravarti S. Matrix lumican endocytosed by immune cells controls receptor ligand trafficking to promote TLR4 and restrict TLR9 in sepsis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2100999118. [PMID: 34215697 PMCID: PMC8271568 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2100999118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Infections and inflammation are profoundly influenced by the extracellular matrix (ECM), but their molecular underpinnings are ill defined. Here, we demonstrate that lumican, an ECM protein normally associated with collagens, is elevated in sepsis patients' blood, while lumican-null mice resolve polymicrobial sepsis poorly, with reduced bacterial clearance and greater body weight loss. Secreted by activated fibroblasts, lumican promotes Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 response to bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) but restricts nucleic acid-specific TLR9 in macrophages and dendritic cells. The underlying mechanism involves lumican attachment to the common TLR coreceptor CD14 and caveolin 1 (Cav1) in lipid rafts on immune cell surfaces via two epitopes, which may be cryptic in collagen-associated lumican. The Cav1 binding epitope alone is sufficient for cell surface enrichment of Cav1, while both are required for lumican to increase cell surface TLR4, CD14, and proinflammatory cytokines in response to LPS. Endocytosed lumican colocalizes with TLR4 and LPS and promotes endosomal induction of type I interferons. Lumican-null macrophages show elevated TLR9 in signal-permissive endolysosomes and increased response, while wild types show lumican colocalization with CpG DNA but not TLR9, consistent with a ligand sequestering, restrictive role for lumican in TLR9 signaling. In vitro, lumican competes with CD14 to bind CpG DNA; biglycan, a lumican paralog, also binds CpG DNA and suppresses TLR9 response. Thus, lumican and other ECM proteins, synthesized de novo or released from collagen association during ECM remodeling, may be internalized by immune cells to regulate their transcriptional programs and effector responses that may be harnessed in future therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Maiti
- Department of Ophthalmology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - Jihane Frikeche
- Division of Preclinical Pharmacology and Safety, Sangamo Therapeutics, Valbonne 06560, France
| | - Carly Yuen-Man Lam
- Department of Ophthalmology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - Asim Biswas
- Department of Ophthalmology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - Vishal Shinde
- Department of Ophthalmology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - Marie Samanovic
- Langone Vaccine Center, New York University, New York, NY 10016
| | - Jonathan C Kagan
- Harvard Medical School and Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Mark J Mulligan
- Langone Vaccine Center, New York University, New York, NY 10016
| | - Shukti Chakravarti
- Department of Ophthalmology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016;
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
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Deng X, Li Y, Guo C, Zhao Z, Yuan G. Novel roles of Tsukushi in signaling pathways and multiple disease processes. Biofactors 2021; 47:512-521. [PMID: 33759220 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tsukushi (TSK), a newly identified hepatokine, is a member of the small leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRPs) family. TSK was originally isolated and identified in the lens of the chicken. Preliminary research on TSK has focused on its role in various physiological processes such as growth and development, wound healing, and cartilage formation. In recent years, the role of TSK in regulating cell signaling pathways, cell proliferation, and differentiation has been studied. In addition, the research has gradually expanded to the fields of glycolipid metabolism and energy balance. This article briefly reviews the role of TSK in the physiological and pathological process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Deng
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanyan Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhicong Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guoyue Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
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Appunni S, Rubens M, Ramamoorthy V, Anand V, Khandelwal M, Sharma A. Biglycan: an emerging small leucine-rich proteoglycan (SLRP) marker and its clinicopathological significance. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:3935-3950. [PMID: 34181183 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04216-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) plays an important role in the structural organization of tissue and delivery of external cues to the cell. Biglycan, a class I small leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRP), is a key component of the ECM that participates in scaffolding the collagen fibrils and mediates cell signaling. Dysregulation of biglycan expression can result in wide range of clinical conditions such as metabolic disorder, inflammatory disorder, musculoskeletal defects and malignancies. In this review, we aim to update our current understanding regarding the link between altered expression of biglycan and different clinicopathological states. Biglycan interacts with toll like receptors (TLR)-2 and TLR-4 on the immune cells which initiates inflammation and aggravates inflammatory disorders. ECM unbound soluble biglycan acts as a DAMP (danger associated molecular pattern) resulting in sterile inflammation. Dysregulation of biglycan expression is also observed in inflammatory metabolic conditions such as atherosclerosis and obesity. In cancer, high-biglycan expression facilitates tumor growth, invasion and metastasis which is associated with poor clinical outcome. As a pivotal structural component of the ECM, biglycan strengthens the musculoskeletal system and its absence is associated with musculoskeletal defects. Thus, SLRP biglycan is a potential marker which is significantly altered in different clinicopathological states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Appunni
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110 029, India
- Government Medical College, Kozhikode, Kerala, India
| | | | | | | | - Madhuram Khandelwal
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110 029, India
| | - Alpana Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110 029, India.
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Mutoji KN, Sun M, Elliott G, Moreno IY, Hughes C, Gesteira TF, Coulson-Thomas VJ. Extracellular Matrix Deposition and Remodeling after Corneal Alkali Burn in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5708. [PMID: 34071909 PMCID: PMC8199272 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Corneal transparency relies on the precise arrangement and orientation of collagen fibrils, made of mostly Type I and V collagen fibrils and proteoglycans (PGs). PGs are essential for correct collagen fibrillogenesis and maintaining corneal homeostasis. We investigated the spatial and temporal distribution of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and PGs after a chemical injury. The chemical composition of chondroitin sulfate (CS)/dermatan sulfate (DS) and heparan sulfate (HS) were characterized in mouse corneas 5 and 14 days after alkali burn (AB), and compared to uninjured corneas. The expression profile and corneal distribution of CS/DSPGs and keratan sulfate (KS) PGs were also analyzed. We found a significant overall increase in CS after AB, with an increase in sulfated forms of CS and a decrease in lesser sulfated forms of CS. Expression of the CSPGs biglycan and versican was increased after AB, while decorin expression was decreased. We also found an increase in KS expression 14 days after AB, with an increase in lumican and mimecan expression, and a decrease in keratocan expression. No significant changes in HS composition were noted after AB. Taken together, our study reveals significant changes in the composition of the extracellular matrix following a corneal chemical injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazadi N. Mutoji
- College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA; (K.N.M.); (M.S.); (G.E.); (I.Y.M.); (T.F.G.)
| | - Mingxia Sun
- College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA; (K.N.M.); (M.S.); (G.E.); (I.Y.M.); (T.F.G.)
| | - Garrett Elliott
- College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA; (K.N.M.); (M.S.); (G.E.); (I.Y.M.); (T.F.G.)
| | - Isabel Y. Moreno
- College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA; (K.N.M.); (M.S.); (G.E.); (I.Y.M.); (T.F.G.)
| | - Clare Hughes
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK;
| | - Tarsis F. Gesteira
- College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA; (K.N.M.); (M.S.); (G.E.); (I.Y.M.); (T.F.G.)
- Optimvia, Batavia, OH 45103, USA
| | - Vivien J. Coulson-Thomas
- College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA; (K.N.M.); (M.S.); (G.E.); (I.Y.M.); (T.F.G.)
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21
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Lumican Inhibits Osteoclastogenesis and Bone Resorption by Suppressing Akt Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094717. [PMID: 33946862 PMCID: PMC8124849 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lumican, a ubiquitously expressed small leucine-rich proteoglycan, has been utilized in diverse biological functions. Recent experiments demonstrated that lumican stimulates preosteoblast viability and differentiation, leading to bone formation. To further understand the role of lumican in bone metabolism, we investigated its effects on osteoclast biology. Lumican inhibited both osteoclast differentiation and in vitro bone resorption in a dose-dependent manner. Consistent with this, lumican markedly decreased the expression of osteoclastogenesis markers. Moreover, the migration and fusion of preosteoclasts and the resorptive activity per osteoclast were significantly reduced in the presence of lumican, indicating that this protein affects most stages of osteoclastogenesis. Among RANKL-dependent pathways, lumican inhibited Akt but not MAP kinases such as JNK, p38, and ERK. Importantly, co-treatment with an Akt activator almost completely reversed the effect of lumican on osteoclast differentiation. Taken together, our findings revealed that lumican inhibits osteoclastogenesis by suppressing Akt activity. Thus, lumican plays an osteoprotective role by simultaneously increasing bone formation and decreasing bone resorption, suggesting that it represents a dual-action therapeutic target for osteoporosis.
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22
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Wilson SE. TGF beta -1, -2 and -3 in the modulation of fibrosis in the cornea and other organs. Exp Eye Res 2021; 207:108594. [PMID: 33894227 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2021.108594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The TGF beta-1, -2 and -3 isoforms are transcribed from different genes but bind to the same receptors and signal through the same canonical and non-canonical signal transduction pathways. There are numerous regulatory mechanisms controlling the action of each isoform that include the organ-specific cells producing latent TGF beta growth factors, multiple effectors that activate the isoforms, ECM-associated SLRPs and basement membrane components that modulate the activity and localization of the isoforms, other interactive cytokine-growth factor receptor systems, such as PDGF and CTGF, TGF beta receptor expression on target cells, including myofibroblast precursors, receptor binding competition, positive and negative signal transduction effectors, and transcription and translational regulatory mechanisms. While there has long been the view that TGF beta-1and TGF beta-2 are pro-fibrotic, while TGF beta-3 is anti-fibrotic, this review suggests that view is too simplistic, at least in adult tissues, since TGF beta-3 shares far more similarities in its modulation of fibrotic gene expression with TGF beta-1 and TGF beta-2, than it does differences, and often the differences are subtle. Rather, TGF beta-3 should be seen as a fibro-modulatory partner to the other two isoforms that modulates a nuanced and better controlled response to injury. The complex interplay between the three isoforms and numerous interactive proteins, in the context of the cellular milieu, controls regenerative non-fibrotic vs. fibrotic healing in a response to injury in a particular organ, as well as the resolution of fibrosis, when that occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven E Wilson
- The Cole Eye Institute, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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Matsushima N, Miyashita H, Kretsinger RH. Sequence features, structure, ligand interaction, and diseases in small leucine rich repeat proteoglycans. J Cell Commun Signal 2021; 15:519-531. [PMID: 33860400 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-021-00616-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Small leucine rich repeat proteoglycans (SLRPs) are a group of active components of the extracellular matrix in all tissues. SLRPs bind to collagens and regulate collagen fibril growth and fibril organization. SLRPs also interact with various cytokines and extracellular compounds, which lead to various biological functions such cell adhesion and signaling, proliferation, and differentiation. Mutations in SLRP genes are associated with human diseases. Now crystal structures of five SLRPs are available. We describe some features of amino acid sequence and structures of SLRPs. We also review ligand interactions and then discuss the interaction surfaces. Furthermore, we map mutations associated with human diseases and discuss possible effects on structures by the mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norio Matsushima
- Division of Bioinformatics, Institute of Tandem Repeats, Noboribetsu, 059-0464, Japan.
- Center for Medical Education, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan.
| | - Hiroki Miyashita
- Division of Bioinformatics, Institute of Tandem Repeats, Noboribetsu, 059-0464, Japan
- Hokubu Rinsho Co., Ltd, Sapporo, 060⎼0061, Japan
| | - Robert H Kretsinger
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22904, USA
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24
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Osteomodulin positively regulates osteogenesis through interaction with BMP2. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:147. [PMID: 33542209 PMCID: PMC7862363 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03404-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Osteomodulin (OMD), a member of the small leucine-rich proteoglycan family, distributes in mineralized tissues and is positively regulated by bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2). However, the exact function of OMD during mineralization and its association with BMP2 remain poorly understood. Herein, the expression pattern of OMD during osteogenesis was investigated in human dental pulp stem cells. Silencing OMD gene significantly suppressed the alkaline phosphatase activity, mineralized nodule formation and osteogenesis-associated gene transcription. Besides, OMD could enhance BMP2-induced expression of SP7 and RUNX2 with concentration dependence in vitro. Rat mandibular bone defect model revealed that scaffolds injected with the combination of OMD and suboptimal BMP2 exhibited more mature and abundant mineralized bone than that treated with OMD or suboptimal BMP2 alone. Mechanistically, OMD could bind to BMP2 via its terminal leucine-rich repeats and formed complexes with BMP2 and its membrane receptors, thus promoting BMP/SMAD signal transduction. In addition, OMD was a putative target gene of SMAD4, which plays a pivotal role in this pathway. Collectively, these data elucidate that OMD may act as a positive coordinator in osteogenesis through BMP2/SMADs signaling.
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25
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Neointimal Hyperplasia after Carotid Transection and Anastomosis Surgery is Associated with Degradation of Decorin and Platelet Derived Growth Factor Signaling. JVS Vasc Sci 2020; 2:2-12. [PMID: 33842897 PMCID: PMC8034587 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvssci.2020.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Intimal hyperplasia (IH) is the expansion of the vascular intimal region after intervention, which can lead to stenosis and eventual failure of vascular grafts or interventional procedures such as angioplasty or stent placement. Our goals were to investigate the development of IH in a rabbit open surgical model and to evaluate the associated pathophysiologic processes involving decorin and the platelet-derived growth factor-BB/platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β/mitogen-activated protein kinase (PDGF-BB/PDGFR-β/MAPK) pathway. Methods We conducted carotid transection and primary anastomosis on five New Zealand white rabbits to induce IH and examined the associated pathophysiologic changes. Tissue was obtained for histological and protein analysis on postoperative day 21 using the contralateral vessel as a control. Intimal medial thickness (IMT) was calculated to measure IH and compared with the unoperated side. Western blot analysis was performed on tissue lysates to determine the expression of decorin core protein, PDGF-BB, PDGFR-β, and phosphorylated-MAPK (ph-MAPK). Immunofluorescence microscopy was used to assess tissue distribution of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and ph-PDGFR-β. Results Bilateral carotid arteries were harvested on postoperative day 21. We compared the IMT in operated with unoperated specimens. IMT was significantly elevated in operated arteries vs unoperated arteries in all five animals (148.6 μm ± 9.09 vs 103.40 μm ± 7.08; 135.2 μm ± 8.30 vs 92.40 μm ± 2.35; 203.1 μm ± 30.23 vs 104.00 μm ± 4.52; 236.2 μm ± 27.22 vs 141.50 μm ± 9.95; 226.9 μm ± 11.12 vs 98.8 μm ± 3.78). Western blot analysis revealed degradation of decorin protein in the operated tissue, including loss of a 50 kDa band and the appearance of a cleaved fragment at 10 kDa. Decorin and MMP-2 were observed, via immunofluorescence microscopy, in the neointima of the operated vessels. Western blot analysis also revealed increased PDGF-BB, PDGFR-β, and ph-MAPK levels in operated tissue. Immunofluorescent staining for ph-PDGFR-β primarily localized to the neointima, indicating increased signaling through PDGF in this region. Conclusions Carotid transection and primary reanastomosis in rabbits induced IH that was associated with MMP-2 activation, degradation of decorin, and activation of the PDGF/PDGFR-β/MAPK pathway. The findings in this study should lead to further mechanistic evaluation of these pathways to better understand the potential to modify the intimal hyperplastic response to surgery. (JVS–Vascular Science 2020;2:2-12.) Clinical Relevance Intimal hyperplasia remains a significant challenge to the vascular surgeon in open and interventional procedures. Basic science studies have made headway into understanding the process, but this has not translated into many therapeutic options particularly for primary prevention after a procedure. Decorin is gaining popularity as an important mediator of various pathophysiologic processes involving the extracellular matrix. We sought to determine the possible role of decorin in the development of neointimal hyperplasia in an open surgical model. This study provides a replicable model for the development of intimal hyperplasia and potential therapeutic targets going forward.
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Kram V, Jani P, Kilts TM, Li L, Chu EY, Young MF. OPG-Fc treatment partially rescues low bone mass phenotype in mature Bgn/Fmod deficient mice but is deleterious to the young mouse skeleton. J Struct Biol 2020; 212:107627. [PMID: 32950603 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2020.107627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Biglycan (Bgn) and Fibromodulin (Fmod) are small leucine rich proteoglycans (SLRPs) which are abundant in the extra-cellular matrix (ECM) of mineralized tissues. We have previously generated a Bgn/Fmod double knock-out (DKO) mouse model and found it has a 3-fold increase in osteoclastogenesis compared with Wild type (WT) controls, resulting in a markedly low bone mass (LBM) phenotype. To try and rescue/repair the LBM phenotype of Bgn/Fmod DKO mice by suppressing osteoclast formation and activity, 3- and 26-week-old Bgn/Fmod DKO mice and age/gender matched WT controls were treated with OPG-Fc for 6 weeks after which bone parameters were evaluated using DEXA, micro-computed tomography (μCT) and serum biomarkers analyses. In the appendicular skeleton, OPG-Fc treatment improved some morphometric and geometric parameters in both the trabecular and cortical compartments in Bgn/Fmod DKO female and male mice, especially in the repair module. For many of the skeletal parameters analyzed, the Bgn/Fmod DKO mice were more responsive to the treatment than their WT controls. In addition, we found that OPG-Fc treatment was not able to prevent or ameliorate the formation of ectopic ossification, which are common lesions seen in aged joints and are one of the phenotypical hallmarks of our Bgn/Fmod DKO model. Analysis of skull bones, specifically the occipital bone, showed the treatment recovered some parameters of LBM phenotype in the craniofacial skeleton, more so in the younger rescue module. Using OPG-Fc as treatment alleviated, yet did not completely restore, the severe osteopenia and mineralized tissue structural abnormalities that Bgn/Fmod DKO mice suffer from.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vardit Kram
- Molecular Biology of Bones and Teeth Section, National Institutes of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Priyam Jani
- Molecular Biology of Bones and Teeth Section, National Institutes of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Tina M Kilts
- Molecular Biology of Bones and Teeth Section, National Institutes of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Li Li
- Molecular Biology of Bones and Teeth Section, National Institutes of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Emily Y Chu
- Laboratory of Oral Connective Tissue Biology, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Marian F Young
- Molecular Biology of Bones and Teeth Section, National Institutes of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States.
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A novel chemotactic factor derived from the extracellular matrix protein decorin recruits mesenchymal stromal cells in vitro and in vivo. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0235784. [PMID: 32658899 PMCID: PMC7357784 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Soft tissue is composed of cells surrounded by an extracellular matrix that is made up of a diverse array of intricately organized proteins. These distinct components work in concert to maintain homeostasis and respond to tissue damage. During tissue repair, extracellular matrix proteins and their degradation products are known to influence physiological processes such as angiogenesis and inflammation. In this study we developed a discovery platform using a decellularized extracellular matrix biomaterial to identify new chemotrophic factors derived from the extracellular matrix. An in vitro culture of RAW.264 macrophage cells with the biomaterial ovine forestomach matrix led to the identification of a novel ~12 kDa chemotactic factor, termed ‘MayDay’, derived from the N-terminal 31–188 sequence of decorin. The recombinant MayDay protein was shown to be a chemotactic agent for mesenchymal stromal cells in vitro and in vivo. We hypothesize that the macrophage-induced cleavage of decorin, via MMP-12, leads to the release of the chemotactic molecule MayDay, that in turn recruits cells to the site of damaged tissue.
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28
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Kram V, Shainer R, Jani P, Meester JAN, Loeys B, Young MF. Biglycan in the Skeleton. J Histochem Cytochem 2020; 68:747-762. [PMID: 32623936 DOI: 10.1369/0022155420937371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Small leucine rich proteoglycans (SLRPs), including Biglycan, have key roles in many organ and tissue systems. The goal of this article is to review the function of Biglycan and other related SLRPs in mineralizing tissues of the skeleton. The review is divided into sections that include Biglycan's role in structural biology, signaling, craniofacial and long bone homeostasis, remodeled skeletal tissues, and in human genetics. While many cell types in the skeleton are now known to be affected by Biglycan, there are still unanswered questions about its mechanism of action(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vardit Kram
- Molecular Biology of Bones and Teeth Section, National Institutes of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Reut Shainer
- Molecular Biology of Bones and Teeth Section, National Institutes of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Priyam Jani
- Molecular Biology of Bones and Teeth Section, National Institutes of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Josephina A N Meester
- Laboratory of Cardiogenetics, Center of Medical Genetics, University Hospital Antwerp, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Bart Loeys
- Laboratory of Cardiogenetics, Center of Medical Genetics, University Hospital Antwerp, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Marian F Young
- Molecular Biology of Bones and Teeth Section, National Institutes of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
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29
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Jensen MM, Karring H. The origins and developments of sulfation-prone tyrosine-rich and acidic N- and C-terminal extensions of class ll and lll small leucine-rich repeat proteins shed light on connective tissue evolution in vertebrates. BMC Evol Biol 2020; 20:73. [PMID: 32576155 PMCID: PMC7310474 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-020-01634-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Small leucine-rich repeat protein (SLRP) family members contain conserved leucine-rich repeat motifs flanked by highly variable N- and C-terminal regions. Most class II and III SLRPs have tyrosine-rich N-terminal regions and some of these are sulfated. However, the evolutionary origin and conservation of the tyrosine-rich and acidic terminal regions remain undetermined. In this study, we present the most comprehensive multiple sequence alignment (MSA) analyses of all eight class II and III SLRPs to date. Based on the level of conservation of tyrosine residues and adjacent sequences, we predict which tyrosine residues are most likely to be sulfated in the terminal regions of human class II and III SLRPs. Results Using this novel approach, we predict a total of 22 tyrosine sulfation sites in human SLRPs, of which only 8 sites had been experimentally identified in mammals. Our analyses suggest that sulfation-prone, tyrosine-rich and acidic terminal regions of the class II and III SLRPs emerged via convergent evolution at different stages of vertebrate evolution, coinciding with significant evolutionary events including the development of endochondral bones and articular cartilage, the aquatic to terrestrial transition, and the formation of an amnion. Conclusions Our study suggests that selective pressures due to changes in life conditions led to the formation of sulfotyrosine-rich and acidic terminal regions. We believe the independent emergence and evolution of sulfotyrosine-rich and acidic N- and C-terminal regions have provided each class II and III SLRP member with novel vital functions required to develop new specialized extracellular matrices and tissues in vertebrate species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten M Jensen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Environmental Technology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense, Denmark
| | - Henrik Karring
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Environmental Technology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense, Denmark.
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30
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Brézillon S, Untereiner V, Mohamed HT, Ahallal E, Proult I, Nizet P, Boulagnon-Rombi C, Sockalingum GD. Label-Free Infrared Spectral Histology of Skin Tissue Part II: Impact of a Lumican-Derived Peptide on Melanoma Growth. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:377. [PMID: 32548117 PMCID: PMC7273845 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the most aggressive type of cutaneous malignancies. In addition to its role as a regulator of extracellular matrix (ECM) integrity, lumican, a small leucine-rich proteoglycan, also exhibits anti-tumor properties in melanoma. This work focuses on the use of infrared spectral imaging (IRSI) and histopathology (IRSH) to study the effect of lumican-derived peptide (L9Mc) on B16F1 melanoma primary tumor growth. Female C57BL/6 mice were injected with B16F1 cells treated with L9Mc (n = 10) or its scrambled peptide (n = 8), and without peptide (control, n = 9). The melanoma primary tumors were subjected to histological and IR imaging analysis. In addition, immunohistochemical staining was performed using anti-Ki-67 and anti-cleaved caspase-3 antibodies. The IR images were analyzed by common K-means clustering to obtain high-contrast IRSH that allowed identifying different ECM tissue regions from the epidermis to the tumor area, which correlated well with H&E staining. Furthermore, IRSH showed good correlation with immunostaining data obtained with anti-Ki-67 and anti-cleaved caspase-3 antibodies, whereby the L9Mc peptide inhibited cell proliferation and increased strongly apoptosis of B16F1 cells in this mouse model of melanoma primary tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Brézillon
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Laboratoire de Biochimie Médicale et Biologie Moléculaire, Reims, France.,CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire - MEDyC, Reims, France
| | | | - Hossam Taha Mohamed
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Laboratoire de Biochimie Médicale et Biologie Moléculaire, Reims, France.,CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire - MEDyC, Reims, France.,Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.,Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts, Giza, Egypt
| | - Estelle Ahallal
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Laboratoire de Biochimie Médicale et Biologie Moléculaire, Reims, France.,CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire - MEDyC, Reims, France
| | - Isabelle Proult
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Laboratoire de Biochimie Médicale et Biologie Moléculaire, Reims, France.,CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire - MEDyC, Reims, France
| | - Pierre Nizet
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Laboratoire de Biochimie Médicale et Biologie Moléculaire, Reims, France.,CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire - MEDyC, Reims, France
| | - Camille Boulagnon-Rombi
- CNRS UMR 7369, Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire - MEDyC, Reims, France.,CHU de Reims, Laboratoire Central d'Anatomie et de Cytologie Pathologique, Reims, France
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Randilini A, Fujikawa K, Shibata S. Expression, localization and synthesis of small leucine-rich proteoglycans in developing mouse molar tooth germ. Eur J Histochem 2020; 64. [PMID: 32046476 PMCID: PMC7029624 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2020.3092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The gene expression and protein synthesis of small leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRPs), including decorin, biglycan, fibromodulin, and lumican, was analyzed in the context of the hypothesis that they are closely related to tooth formation. In situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry, and organ culture with metabolic labeling of [35S] were carried out in mouse first molar tooth germs of different developmental stages using ICR mice at embryonic day (E) 13.5 to postnatal day (P)7.0. At the bud and cap stage, decorin mRNA was expressed only in the surrounding mesenchyme, but not within the tooth germ. Biglycan mRNA was then expressed in the condensing mesenchyme and the dental papilla of the tooth germ. At the apposition stage (late bell stage), both decorin and biglycan mRNA were expressed in odontoblasts, resulting in a switch of the pattern of expression within the different stages of odontoblast differentiation. Decorin mRNA was expressed earlier in newly differentiating odontoblasts than biglycan. With odontoblast maturation and dentin formation, decorin mRNA expression was diminished and localized to the newly differentiating odontoblasts at the cervical region. Simultaneously, biglycan mRNA took over and extended its expression throughout the new and mature odontoblasts. Both mRNAs were expressed in the dental pulp underlying the respective odontoblasts. At P7.0, both mRNAs were weakly expressed but maintained their spatial expression patterns. Immunostaining showed that biglycan was localized in the dental papillae and pulp. In addition, all four SLRPs showed clear immunostaining in predentin, although the expressions of fibromodulin and lumican mRNAs were not identified in the tooth germs examined. The organ culture data obtained supported the histological findings that biglycan is more predominant than decorin at the apposition stage. These results were used to identify biglycan as the principal molecule among the SLRPs investigated. Our findings indicate that decorin and biglycan show spatial and temporal differential expressions and play their own tissue-specific roles in tooth development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angammana Randilini
- Department of Maxillofacial Anatomy, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo .
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Pang X, Dong N, Zheng Z. Small Leucine-Rich Proteoglycans in Skin Wound Healing. Front Pharmacol 2020; 10:1649. [PMID: 32063855 PMCID: PMC6997777 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Healing of cutaneous wounds is a complex and well-coordinated process requiring cooperation among multiple cells from different lineages and delicately orchestrated signaling transduction of a diversity of growth factors, cytokines, and extracellular matrix (ECM) at the wound site. Most skin wound healing in adults is imperfect, characterized by scar formation which results in significant functional and psychological sequelae. Thus, the reconstruction of the damaged skin to its original state is of concern to doctors and scientists. Beyond the traditional treatments such as corticosteroid injection and radiation therapy, several growth factors or cytokines-based anti-scarring products are being or have been tested in clinical trials to optimize skin wound healing. Unfortunately, all have been unsatisfactory to date. Currently, accumulating evidence suggests that the ECM not only functions as the structural component of the tissue but also actively modulates signal transduction and regulates cellular behaviors, and thus, ECM should be considered as an alternative target for wound management pharmacotherapy. Of particular interest are small leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRPs), a group of the ECM, which exist in a wide range of connecting tissues, including the skin. This manuscript summarizes the most current knowledge of SLRPs regarding their spatial-temporal expression in the skin, as well as lessons learned from the genetically modified animal models simulating human skin pathologies. In this review, particular focus is given on the diverse roles of SLRP in skin wound healing, such as anti-inflammation, pro-angiogenesis, pro-migration, pro-contraction, and orchestrate transforming growth factor (TGF)β signal transduction, since cumulative investigations have indicated their therapeutic potential on reducing scar formation in cutaneous wounds. By conducting this review, we intend to gain insight into the potential application of SLRPs in cutaneous wound healing management which may pave the way for the development of a new generation of pharmaceuticals to benefit the patients suffering from skin wounds and their sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Pang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Division of Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Nuo Dong
- Division of Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Zhong Zheng
- Division of Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Colineau L, Laabei M, Liu G, Ermert D, Lambris JD, Riesbeck K, Blom AM. Interaction of Streptococcus pyogenes with extracellular matrix components resulting in immunomodulation and bacterial eradication. Matrix Biol Plus 2020; 6-7:100020. [PMID: 33543018 PMCID: PMC7852299 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbplus.2020.100020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus pyogenes is a major human pathogen that causes a variety of diseases ranging from mild skin and throat infections to fatal septicemia. In severe invasive infections, S. pyogenes encounters and interacts with components of the extracellular matrix (ECM), including small leucine rich-proteoglycans (SLRPs). In this study, we report a novel antimicrobial role played by SLRPs biglycan, decorin, fibromodulin and osteoadherin, specifically in promoting the eradication of S. pyogenes in a human sepsis model of infection. SLRPs can be released from the ECM and de novo synthesized by a number of cell types. We reveal that infection of human monocytes by S. pyogenes induces the expression of decorin. Furthermore, we show that the majority of genetically distinct and clinically relevant S. pyogenes isolates interact with SLRPs resulting in decreased survival in blood killing assays. Biglycan and decorin induce TLR2 and TLR4 signaling cascades resulting in secretion of proinflammatory and chemotactic molecules and recruitment of professional phagocytes. Surprisingly, SLRP-mediated elimination of S. pyogenes occurs independently of TLR activation. Our results indicate that SLRPs act in concert with human serum, enhancing deposition of complement activation fragments and the classical activator C1q on the bacterial surface, facilitating efficient microbial eradication. Addition of the complement C3 inhibitor compstatin significantly reverses SLRP-induced blood killing, confirming active complement as a key mediator in SLRP-mediated bacterial destruction. Taken together our results add to the functional repertoire of SLRPs, expanding to encompass their role in controlling bacterial infection. Streptococcus pyogenes bind short leucine rich-proteoglycans (SLRPs) These SLRPs are biglycan, decorin, fibromodulin, osteoadherin Decorin expression is increased in S. pyogenes-infected human monocytes SLRPs decrease the survival of S. pyogenes in a whole blood model SLRP-mediated bacteria elimination is mediated by complement
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Key Words
- AF647, Alexa Fluor 647
- BSA, bovine serum albumin
- Bacteria
- C4BP, C4b-binding protein
- CFSE, Carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester
- Complement
- Cp40, compstatin
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- GAG, glycosaminoglycan
- HI, heat-inactivated
- MAC, membrane attack complex
- NHS, normal human serum
- PMB, polymyxin B
- Pathogenesis
- SLRP, small leucine-rich proteoglycan
- Small leucine-rich proteoglycans
- Streptococcus pyogenes
- TLR, toll-like receptors
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Colineau
- Division of Medical Protein Chemistry, Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Maisem Laabei
- Division of Medical Protein Chemistry, Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.,Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Guanghui Liu
- Division of Medical Protein Chemistry, Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - David Ermert
- Division of Medical Protein Chemistry, Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - John D Lambris
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Kristian Riesbeck
- Clinical Microbiology, Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Anna M Blom
- Division of Medical Protein Chemistry, Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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Zappia J, Joiret M, Sanchez C, Lambert C, Geris L, Muller M, Henrotin Y. From Translation to Protein Degradation as Mechanisms for Regulating Biological Functions: A Review on the SLRP Family in Skeletal Tissues. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10010080. [PMID: 31947880 PMCID: PMC7023458 DOI: 10.3390/biom10010080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix can trigger cellular responses through its composition and structure. Major extracellular matrix components are the proteoglycans, which are composed of a core protein associated with glycosaminoglycans, among which the small leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRPs) are the largest family. This review highlights how the codon usage pattern can be used to modulate cellular response and discusses the biological impact of post-translational events on SLRPs, including the substitution of glycosaminoglycan moieties, glycosylation, and degradation. These modifications are listed, and their impacts on the biological activities and structural properties of SLRPs are described. We narrowed the topic to skeletal tissues undergoing dynamic remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémie Zappia
- Bone and Cartilage Research Unit, Arthropôle Liège, Center for Interdisciplinary research on Medicines (CIRM) Liège, Liège University, Institute of Pathology, CHU Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (J.Z.); (C.S.); (C.L.)
| | - Marc Joiret
- Biomechanics Research Unit, B34 GIGA-R, In Silico Medicine, Liège University, CHU Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (M.J.); (L.G.)
| | - Christelle Sanchez
- Bone and Cartilage Research Unit, Arthropôle Liège, Center for Interdisciplinary research on Medicines (CIRM) Liège, Liège University, Institute of Pathology, CHU Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (J.Z.); (C.S.); (C.L.)
| | - Cécile Lambert
- Bone and Cartilage Research Unit, Arthropôle Liège, Center for Interdisciplinary research on Medicines (CIRM) Liège, Liège University, Institute of Pathology, CHU Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (J.Z.); (C.S.); (C.L.)
| | - Liesbet Geris
- Biomechanics Research Unit, B34 GIGA-R, In Silico Medicine, Liège University, CHU Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (M.J.); (L.G.)
| | - Marc Muller
- Laboratory for Organogenesis and Regeneration (LOR), GIGA-Research, Liège University, Avenue de l’Hôpital, B-4000 Liège, Belgium;
| | - Yves Henrotin
- Bone and Cartilage Research Unit, Arthropôle Liège, Center for Interdisciplinary research on Medicines (CIRM) Liège, Liège University, Institute of Pathology, CHU Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (J.Z.); (C.S.); (C.L.)
- Physical therapy and Rehabilitation department, Princess Paola Hospital, Vivalia, B-6900 Marche-en-Famenne, Belgium
- Artialis SA, GIGA Tower, Level 3, CHU Sart-Tilman, 4000 Liège, Belgium
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-4-3665937
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Abstract
Purpose: Biglycan is a proteoglycan of the small leucine-rich repeat family. It is present in all connective tissues and plays key structural and signaling roles. This review aimed to compile available evidence in the characteristics and distribution of biglycan and its glycosylated and non-glycosylated forms in connective tissues with a specific focus on the contribution to homeostasis of bone and changes of biglycan structure with aging.Methods: The Pubmed database was searched and included the terms "biglycan", "proteoglycans", "glycosaminoglycans", "bone", "osteoblast", "osteocyte", "osteoclast", "aging", "inflammation", "cartilage". Abstracts were appraised and a series of original articles and reviews studied to generate this narrative review.Results: Based on the search, biglycan significantly affects bone development and homeostasis and can be significantly changed by the aging process in several connective tissues, which in turn affects the behavior of tissue and cell responses in aged networks. Further, as the understanding of the various forms of biglycan in vivo is expanded and the function of its components in vitro is dissected, this proteoglycan can potentially serve as a therapeutic or biomarker molecule to detect tissue destruction.Conclusions: Biglycan is a key player in skeletal bone homeostasis, and overall, there is more evidence on the role of biglycan in development and less in the adult physiological or diseased young and aged systems. Further understanding of its conformation, degradation peptides and post-translational modifications will be required to understand the role of biglycan in bone maintenance and to support the development of treatments for age-related bone dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A Miguez
- Adams School of Dentistry, Division of Comprehensive Oral Health, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Liu C, Yang M, Liu L, Zhang Y, Zhu Q, Huang C, Wang H, Zhang Y, Li H, Li C, Huang B, Feng C, Zhou Y. Molecular basis of degenerative spinal disorders from a proteomic perspective (Review). Mol Med Rep 2019; 21:9-19. [PMID: 31746390 PMCID: PMC6896343 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) and ligamentum flavum hypertrophy (LFH) are major causes of degenerative spinal disorders. Comparative and proteomic analysis was used to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in IDD and LFH discs compared with normal discs. Subsequent gene ontology term enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis of the DEPs in human IDD discs or LFH samples were performed to identify the biological processes and signaling pathways involved in IDD and LFH. The PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, advanced glycation endproducts-receptor for advanced glycation endproducts signaling pathway, p53 signaling pathway, and transforming growth factor-b signaling pathway were activated in disc degeneration. This review summarizes the recently identified DEPs, including prolargin, fibronectin 1, cartilage intermediate layer protein, cartilage oligomeric matrix protein, and collagen types I, II and IV, and their pathophysiological roles in degenerative spinal disorders, and may provide a deeper understanding of the pathological processes of human generative spinal disorders. The present review aimed to summarize significantly changed proteins in degenerative spinal disorders and provide a deeper understanding to prevent these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Minghui Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Libangxi Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Qi Zhu
- Medical Research Center, Southwestern Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Cong Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command of Chinese PLA, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Yaqing Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Haiyin Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Changqing Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Bo Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Chencheng Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
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Zhan S, Li J, Ge W. Multifaceted Roles of Asporin in Cancer: Current Understanding. Front Oncol 2019; 9:948. [PMID: 31608236 PMCID: PMC6771297 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The small leucine-rich proteoglycan (SLRP) family consists of 18 members categorized into five distinct classes, the traditional classes I–III, and the non-canonical classes IV–V. Unlike the other class I SLRPs (decorin and biglycan), asporin contains a unique and conserved stretch of aspartate (D) residues in its N terminus, and germline polymorphisms in the D-repeat-length are associated with osteoarthritis and prostate cancer progression. Since the first discovery of asporin in 2001, previous studies have focused mainly on its roles in bone and joint diseases, including osteoarthritis, intervertebral disc degeneration and periodontal ligament mineralization. Recently, asporin gene expression was also reported to be dysregulated in tumor tissues of different types of cancer, and to act as oncogene in pancreatic, colorectal, gastric, and prostate cancers, and some types of breast cancer, though it is also reported to function as a tumor suppressor gene in triple-negative breast cancer. Furthermore, asporin is also positively or negatively correlated with tumor proliferation, migration, invasion, and patient prognosis through its regulation of different signaling pathways, including the TGF-β, EGFR, and CD44 pathways. In this review, we seek to elucidate the signaling pathways and functions regulated by asporin in different types of cancer and to highlight some important issues that require investigation in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Zhan
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
| | - Jinming Li
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Ge
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China
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García-Piqueras J, García-Mesa Y, Feito J, García B, Quiros LM, Martín-Biedma B, Cobo T, Vega JA, García-Suárez O. Class I and Class II small leucine-rich proteoglycans in human cutaneous pacinian corpuscles. Ann Anat 2019; 224:62-72. [PMID: 31005573 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2019.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Pacinian corpuscles are onion bulb-like multilayered mechanoreceptors that consist of a complicated structure of axon terminals, Schwann related cells (inner core), endoneural related cells (intermediate layer) and perineurial related cells (outer core-capsule). The cells forming those compartments are continuous and share the properties of that covering the nerve fibers. Small leucine-rich proteoglycans are major proteoglycans of the extracellular matrix and regulate collagen fibrillogenesis, cell signalling pathways and extracellular matrix assembly. Here we used immunohistochemistry to investigate the distribution of class I (biglycan, decorin, asporin, ECM2 and ECMX) and class II (fibromodulin, lumican, prolargin, keratocan and osteoadherin) small leucine-rich proteoglycans in human cutaneous Pacinian corpuscles. The distribution of these compounds was: the inner core express decorin, biglycan, lumican, fibromodulin, osteoadherin; the intermediate layer display immunoreactivity for osteoadherin; the outer core biglycan, decorin, lumican, fibromodulin and osteoadherin; and the capsule contains biglycan, decorin, fibromodulin, and lumican. Asporin, prolargin and keratocan were undetectable. These results complement our knowledge about the distribution of small leucine-rich proteoglycans in human Pacinian corpuscles, and help to understand the composition of the extracellular matrix in these sensory formations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J García-Piqueras
- Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, Grupo SINPOS Universidad de Oviedo, Spain
| | - Y García-Mesa
- Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, Grupo SINPOS Universidad de Oviedo, Spain
| | - J Feito
- Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, Grupo SINPOS Universidad de Oviedo, Spain; Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - B García
- Instituto Universitario Fernández-Vega, Universidad de Oviedo & Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Oviedo, Spain
| | - L M Quiros
- Instituto Universitario Fernández-Vega, Universidad de Oviedo & Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Oviedo, Spain; Departmento de Biología Funcional, Universidad de Oviedo, Spain
| | - B Martín-Biedma
- Departamento de Cirugía y Especialidades Médico-Quirúrgicas, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - T Cobo
- Departamento de Cirugía y Especialidades Médico-Quirúrgicas, Universidad de Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Asturiano de Odontología, Oviedo, Spain
| | - J A Vega
- Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, Grupo SINPOS Universidad de Oviedo, Spain; Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Chile.
| | - O García-Suárez
- Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, Grupo SINPOS Universidad de Oviedo, Spain
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Tang Y, Ren F, Cong X, Kong Y, Tian Y, Xu Y, Fan J. Overexpression of ribonuclease inhibitor induces autophagy in human colorectal cancer cells via the Akt/mTOR/ULK1 pathway. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:3519-3526. [PMID: 30896869 PMCID: PMC6472130 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribonuclease inhibitor (RI), also termed angiogenin inhibitor, acts as the inhibitor of ribonucleolytic activity of RNase A and angiogenin. The expression of RI has been investigated in melanoma and bladder cancer cells. However, the precise role of RI in tumorigenesis, in addition to RI‑induced autophagy, remains poorly understood. In the present study, it was demonstrated that RI positively regulated autophagy in human colorectal cancer (CRC) cells as indicated by an increase in light chain 3 (LC3)‑II levels. Furthermore, RI regulated cell survival in HT29 cells. In addition, autophagy‑associated proteins, including beclin‑1 and autophagy‑related protein 13, were increased in response to RI‑induced autophagy, and the protein kinase B (Akt)/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR)/Unc‑51 like autophagy activating kinase (ULK1) pathway may be involved in the activation of autophagy induced by RI overexpression. Taken together, the evidence of the present study indicated that the overexpression of RI induced ATG‑dependent autophagy in CRC cells via the Akt/mTOR/ULK1 pathway, suggesting that the upregulation of RI activity may constitute a novel approach for the treatment of human colorectal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Tang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, P.R. China
| | - Feng Ren
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Xi Cong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Ying Kong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Yuxiang Tian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Yuefei Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Jianhui Fan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
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40
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Small leucine-rich proteoglycans and matrix metalloproteinase-14: Key partners? Matrix Biol 2019; 75-76:271-285. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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41
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Costa RA, Martins RST, Capilla E, Anjos L, Power DM. Vertebrate SLRP family evolution and the subfunctionalization of osteoglycin gene duplicates in teleost fish. BMC Evol Biol 2018; 18:191. [PMID: 30545285 PMCID: PMC6293640 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-018-1310-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoglycin (OGN, a.k.a. mimecan) belongs to cluster III of the small leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRP) of the extracellular matrix (ECM). In vertebrates OGN is a characteristic ECM protein of bone. In the present study we explore the evolution of SLRP III and OGN in teleosts that have a skeleton adapted to an aquatic environment. Results The SLRP gene family has been conserved since the separation of chondrichthyes and osteichthyes. Few gene duplicates of the SLRP III family exist even in the teleosts that experienced a specific whole genome duplication. One exception is ogn for which duplicate copies were identified in fish genomes. The ogn promoter sequence and in vitro mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) cultures suggest the duplicate ogn genes acquired divergent functions. In gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) ogn1 was up-regulated during osteoblast and myocyte differentiation in vitro, while ogn2 was severely down-regulated during bone-derived MSCs differentiation into adipocytes in vitro. Conclusions Overall, the phylogenetic analysis indicates that the SLRP III family in vertebrates has been under conservative evolutionary pressure. The retention of the ogn gene duplicates in teleosts was linked with the acquisition of different functions. The acquisition by OGN of functions other than that of a bone ECM protein occurred early in the vertebrate lineage. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12862-018-1310-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Costa
- Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology Group, Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus of Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - R S T Martins
- Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology Group, Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus of Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
| | - E Capilla
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Anjos
- Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology Group, Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus of Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - D M Power
- Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology Group, Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus of Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
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Aggelidakis J, Berdiaki A, Nikitovic D, Papoutsidakis A, Papachristou DJ, Tsatsakis AM, Tzanakakis GN. Biglycan Regulates MG63 Osteosarcoma Cell Growth Through a LPR6/β-Catenin/IGFR-IR Signaling Axis. Front Oncol 2018; 8:470. [PMID: 30406034 PMCID: PMC6206209 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Biglycan, a small leucine rich proteoglycan (SLRP), is an important participant in bone homeostasis and development as well as in bone pathology. In the present study biglycan was identified as a positive regulator of MG63 osteosarcoma cell growth (p ≤ 0.001). IGF-I was shown to increase biglycan expression (p ≤ 0.01), whereas biglycan-deficiency attenuated significantly both basal and IGF-I induced cell proliferation of MG63 cells (p ≤ 0.001; p ≤ 0.01, respectively). These effects were executed through the IGF-IR receptor whose activation was strongly attenuated (p ≤ 0.01) in biglycan-deficient MG63 cells. Biglycan, previously shown to regulate Wnt/β-catenin pathway, was demonstrated to induce a significant increase in β-catenin protein expression evident at cytoplasmic (p ≤ 0.01), membrane (p ≤ 0.01), and nucleus fractions in MG63 cells (p ≤ 0.05). As demonstrated by immunofluorescence, increase in β-catenin expression is attributed to co-localization of biglycan with the Wnt co-receptor low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (LRP6) resulting in attenuated β-catenin degradation. Furthermore, applying anti-β-catenin and anti-pIGF-IR antibodies to MG-63 cells demonstrated a cytoplasmic and to the membrane interaction between these molecules that increased upon exogenous biglycan treatment. In parallel, the downregulation of biglycan significantly inhibited both basal and IGF-I-dependent ERK1/2 activation, (p ≤ 0.001). In summary, we report a novel mechanism where biglycan through a LRP6/β-catenin/IGF-IR signaling axis enhances osteosarcoma cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Aggelidakis
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Berdiaki
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Dragana Nikitovic
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Antonis Papoutsidakis
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Dionysios J Papachristou
- Unit of Bone and Soft Tissue Studies, Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Aristidis M Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - George N Tzanakakis
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
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Laabei M, Liu G, Ermert D, Lambris JD, Riesbeck K, Blom AM. Short Leucine-Rich Proteoglycans Modulate Complement Activity and Increase Killing of the Respiratory Pathogen Moraxella catarrhalis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 201:2721-2730. [PMID: 30266767 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The respiratory pathogen Moraxella catarrhalis is a human-specific commensal that frequently causes acute otitis media in children and stimulates acute exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. The exact molecular mechanisms defining host-pathogen interactions promoting pathogenesis are not clearly understood. Limited knowledge hampers vaccine and immunotherapeutic development required to treat this emerging pathogen. In this study, we reveal in detail a novel antibacterial role displayed by short leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRPs) in concert with complement. We show that fibromodulin (FMOD), osteoadherin (OSAD), and biglycan (BGN) but not decorin (DCN) enhance serum killing of M. catarrhalis. Our results suggest that M. catarrhalis binding to SLRPs is a conserved feature, as the overwhelming majority of clinical and laboratory strains bound all four SLRPs. Furthermore, we resolve the binding mechanism responsible for this interaction and highlight the role of the ubiquitous surface protein (Usp) A2/A2H in mediating binding to host SLRPs. A conserved immune evasive strategy used by M. catarrhalis and other pathogens is the surface acquisition of host complement inhibitors such as C4b-binding protein (C4BP). We observed that FMOD, OSAD, and BGN competitively inhibit binding of C4BP to the surface of M. catarrhalis, resulting in increased C3b/iC3b deposition, membrane attack complex (MAC) formation, and subsequently decreased bacterial survival. Furthermore, both OSAD and BGN promote enhanced neutrophil killing in vitro, both in a complement-dependent and independent fashion. In summary, our results illustrate that SLRPs, FMOD, OSAD, and BGN portray complement-modulating activity enhancing M. catarrhalis killing, defining a new antibacterial role supplied by SLRPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maisem Laabei
- Division of Medical Protein Chemistry, Lund University, 21428 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Guanghui Liu
- Division of Medical Protein Chemistry, Lund University, 21428 Malmö, Sweden
| | - David Ermert
- Division of Medical Protein Chemistry, Lund University, 21428 Malmö, Sweden
| | - John D Lambris
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104; and
| | - Kristian Riesbeck
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, 21428 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Anna M Blom
- Division of Medical Protein Chemistry, Lund University, 21428 Malmö, Sweden;
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44
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Godoy‐Guzmán C, Nuñez C, Orihuela P, Campos A, Carriel V. Distribution of extracellular matrix molecules in human uterine tubes during the menstrual cycle: a histological and immunohistochemical analysis. J Anat 2018; 233:73-85. [PMID: 29663371 PMCID: PMC5987832 DOI: 10.1111/joa.12814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The uterine tube (UT) is an important and complex organ of the women's reproductive system. In general, the anatomy and basic histology of this organ are well-known. However, the composition and function of the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the UT is still poorly understood. The ECM is a complex supramolecular material produced by cells which is commonly restricted to the basement membrane and interstitial spaces. ECM molecules play not only a structural role, they are also important for cell growth, survival and differentiation in all tissues. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the deposition and distribution of type I and III collagens and proteoglycans (decorin, biglycan, fibromodulin and versican) in human UT during the follicular and luteal phases by using histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques. Our results showed a broad synthesis of collagens (I and III) in the stroma of the UT. The analysis by regions showed, in the mucosa, a specific distribution of versican and fibromodulin in the epithelial surface, whereas decorin and fibromodulin were observed in the lamina propria. Versican and decorin were found in the stroma of the muscular layer, whereas all studied proteoglycans were identified in the serosa. Curiously, biglycan was restricted to the wall of the blood vessels of the serosa and muscular layers. Furthermore, there was an immunoreaction for collagens, decorin, versican and fibromodulin in the UT peripheral nerves. The differential distribution of these ECM molecules in the different layers of the UT could be related to specific structural and/or biomechanical functions needed for the oviductal transport, successful fertilization and early embryogenesis. However, further molecular studies under physiological and pathological conditions are still needed to elucidate the specific role of each molecule in the human UT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Godoy‐Guzmán
- Department of HistologyTissue Engineering GroupFaculty of MedicineUniversity of GranadaSpain
- Doctoral Program in BiomedicineUniversity of GranadaGranadaSpain
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas y AplicadasEscuela de MedicinaUniversidad de Santiago de Chile, (USACH)SantiagoChile
| | - Claudio Nuñez
- Servicio de Ginecología y ObstetriciaHospital San JoséSantiagoChile
| | - Pedro Orihuela
- Laboratorio de Inmunología de la ReproduccíonFacultad de Química y BiologíaUniversidad de Santiago de ChileSantiagoChile
- Centro para el Desarrollo en Nanociencia y Nanotecnologıa‐CEDENNASantiagoChile
| | - Antonio Campos
- Department of HistologyTissue Engineering GroupFaculty of MedicineUniversity of GranadaSpain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADAEspaña
| | - Víctor Carriel
- Department of HistologyTissue Engineering GroupFaculty of MedicineUniversity of GranadaSpain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADAEspaña
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45
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Wang S, Lü D, Zhang Z, Jia X, Yang L. Effects of mechanical stretching on the morphology of extracellular polymers and the mRNA expression of collagens and small leucine-rich repeat proteoglycans in vaginal fibroblasts from women with pelvic organ prolapse. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193456. [PMID: 29630675 PMCID: PMC5890965 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
To determine the effect of mechanical stretching load and the efficacy of postmenopausal estrogen therapy (ET) on pelvic organ prolapse (POP), vaginal fibroblasts isolated from postmenopausal women with or without POP were subjected to 0.1-Hz uniaxial cyclic mechanical stretching (CS) with 10% elongation and 10-8 M 17-β-estradiol (E2) treatment. We investigated the morphological characteristics of extracellular polymers using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and monitored the mRNA expression of type I collagen (COL I) and type III collagen (COL III) as well as the small leucine-rich proteoglycan (SLRP) family members decorin (DCN), biglycan (BGN), fibromodulin (FMO), and lumican (LUM), using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Using SEM, certain viscoelastic polymers were found to be randomly distributed among fibroblasts, which for normal fibroblasts formed clusters of plum flower-like patterns under static-culture conditions and resembled stretched strips when stretched in culture, whereas polymers among POP fibroblasts resembled stretched strips under static-cultured conditions and presented broken networks when stretched in culture. RT-PCR revealed that COL I, DCN, BGN, FMO, and LUM mRNA expression was significantly higher in POP than in normal fibroblasts under static-culture condition. Following CS, COL I and BGN mRNA expression was significantly up-regulated in normal fibroblasts, and DCN and FMO mRNA expression was down-regulated in POP fibroblasts. Following concomitant CS and E2 treatment, significantly elevated COL I and DCN mRNA expression was observed in normal fibroblasts, and significantly elevated COL I and BGN mRNA expression was observed in POP fibroblasts. COL III mRNA expression was not significantly different between the POP and normal group, and CS did not significantly affect expression in either group, though COL III was down-regulated in normal fibroblasts concomitantly treated with E2 and CS. We conclude that the morphological distribution of extracellular polymers in POP fibroblasts exhibited higher sensitivity and lower tolerance to stretching loads than do normal fibroblasts. These mechanical properties were further reflected in the transcription of COL I. Defects in the compensatory function of BGN for DCN and LUM for FMO exist in POP fibroblasts, which further affect the structure and function of COL I in response to stretching load, ultimately resulting in abnormal reconstruction of pelvic supportive connective tissues and the occurrence of POP. ET can maintain stretching-induced elevations in COL I and DCN transcription in healthy women and improve stretching-induced COL I, DCN, BGN, and FMO transcriptional changes in POP women to prevent and improve POP. Only down-regulated COL III transcription was observed upon concomitant CS and E2 treatment in normal fibroblasts, which suggests that the tensile strength, not the elasticity, of the supportive connective tissues is damaged in POP and that the higher tensile strength induced by ET in healthy fibroblasts prevents POP. These findings confirm the role of higher sensitivity and lower tolerance to mechanical stretching in the pathogenesis of POP and further provide evidence supporting the use of ET to prevent and inhibit POP in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (ZZ); (SW); (XJ)
| | - Dongyuan Lü
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (ZZ); (SW); (XJ)
| | - Xingyuan Jia
- Medical Research Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (ZZ); (SW); (XJ)
| | - Lei Yang
- Medical Research Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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46
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da Silva LB, Menezes MC, Kitano ES, Oliveira AK, Abreu AG, Souza GO, Heinemann MB, Isaac L, Fraga TR, Serrano SMT, Barbosa AS. Leptospira interrogans Secreted Proteases Degrade Extracellular Matrix and Plasma Proteins From the Host. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2018; 8:92. [PMID: 29637048 PMCID: PMC5881292 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2018.00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptospires are highly motile spirochetes equipped with strategies for efficient invasion and dissemination within the host. Our group previously demonstrated that pathogenic leptospires secrete proteases capable of cleaving and inactivating key molecules of the complement system, allowing these bacteria to circumvent host's innate immune defense mechanisms. Given the successful dissemination of leptospires during infection, we wondered if such proteases would target a broader range of host molecules. In the present study, the proteolytic activity of secreted leptospiral proteases against a panel of extracellular matrix (ECM) and plasma proteins was assessed. The culture supernatant of the virulent L. interrogans serovar Kennewicki strain Fromm (LPF) degraded human fibrinogen, plasma fibronectin, gelatin, and the proteoglycans decorin, biglycan, and lumican. Interestingly, human plasminogen was not cleaved by proteases present in the supernatants. Proteolytic activity was inhibited by 1,10-phenanthroline, suggesting the participation of metalloproteases. Moreover, production of proteases might be an important virulence determinant since culture-attenuated or saprophytic Leptospira did not display proteolytic activity against ECM or plasma components. Exoproteomic analysis allowed the identification of three metalloproteases that could be involved in the degradation of host components. The ability to cleave conjunctive tissue molecules and coagulation cascade proteins may certainly contribute to invasion and tissue destruction observed upon infection with Leptospira.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Milene C Menezes
- Special Laboratory of Applied Toxinology, Center of Toxins, Immune-Response and Cell Signaling, Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo S Kitano
- Special Laboratory of Applied Toxinology, Center of Toxins, Immune-Response and Cell Signaling, Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana K Oliveira
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Afonso G Abreu
- Postgraduation Program in Parasitic Biology, CEUMA University, São Luís, Brazil.,Postgraduation Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | - Gisele O Souza
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcos B Heinemann
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lourdes Isaac
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tatiana R Fraga
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Solange M T Serrano
- Special Laboratory of Applied Toxinology, Center of Toxins, Immune-Response and Cell Signaling, Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Angela S Barbosa
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
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47
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Zhang W, Ge Y, Cheng Q, Zhang Q, Fang L, Zheng J. Decorin is a pivotal effector in the extracellular matrix and tumour microenvironment. Oncotarget 2018; 9:5480-5491. [PMID: 29435195 PMCID: PMC5797066 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Decorin (DCN), an extracellular matrix (ECM) protein, belongs to the small leucine-rich proteoglycan family. As a pluripotent molecule, DCN regulates the bioactivities of cell growth factors and participates in ECM assembly. Accumulating evidence has shown that DCN acts as a ligand of various cytokines and growth factors by directly or indirectly interacting with the corresponding signalling molecules involved in cell growth, differentiation, proliferation, adhesion and metastasis and that DCN especially plays vital roles in cancer cell proliferation, spread, pro-inflammatory processes and anti-fibrillogenesis. The multifunctional nature of DCN thus enables it to be a potential therapeutic agent for a variety of diseases and shows good prospects for clinical and research applications. DCN, an extracellular matrix (ECM) protein that belongs to the small leucine-rich proteoglycan family, is widely distributed and plays multifunctional roles in the stroma and epithelial cells. Originally, DCN was known as an effective collagen-binding partner for fibrillogenesis [1] and to modulate key biomechanical parameters of tissue integrity in the tendon, skin and cornea [2]; thus, it was named decorin (DCN). Since being initially cloned in 1986, DCN was discovered to be a structural constituent of the ECM [3]. However, the paradigm has been shifted; it has become increasingly evident that in addition to being a matrix structural protein, DCN affects a wide range of biological processes, including cell growth, differentiation, proliferation, adhesion, spread and migration, and regulates inflammation and fibrillogenesis [4–7]. Two main themes for DCN functions have emerged: maintenance of cellular structure and regulation of signal transduction pathways, culminating in anti-tumourigenic effects. Here, we review the interaction network of DCN and emphasize the biological correlations between these interactions, some of which are expected to be therapeutic intervention targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhang
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yan Ge
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qian Cheng
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lin Fang
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Junnian Zheng
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Jiangsu Center for The Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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48
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Hanada Y, Nakamura Y, Ishida Y, Takimoto Y, Taniguchi M, Ozono Y, Koyama Y, Morihana T, Imai T, Ota Y, Sato T, Inohara H, Shimada S. Epiphycan is specifically expressed in cochlear supporting cells and is necessary for normal hearing. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 492:379-385. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.08.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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49
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Lumican effectively regulates the estrogen receptors-associated functional properties of breast cancer cells, expression of matrix effectors and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45138. [PMID: 28332606 PMCID: PMC5362815 DOI: 10.1038/srep45138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lumican is a small leucine-rich proteoglycan that has been shown to contribute in several physiological processes, but also to exert anticancer activity. On the other hand, it has been recently shown that knockdown of the estrogen receptor α (ERα) in low invasive MCF-7 (ERα+) breast cancer cells and the suppression of ERβ in highly aggressive MDA-MB-231 (ERβ+) cells significantly alter the functional properties of breast cancer cells and the gene expression profile of matrix macromolecules related to cancer progression and cell morphology. In this report, we evaluated the effects of lumican in respect to the ERs-associated breast cancer cell behaviour, before and after suppression of ERs, using scanning electron and confocal microscopies, qPCR and functional assays. Our data pinpointed that lumican significantly attenuated cell functional properties, including proliferation, migration and invasion. Furthermore, it modified cell morphology, inducing cell-cell junctions, evoked EMT/MET reprogramming and suppressed the expression of major matrix effectors (matrix metalloproteinases and EGFR) implicated in breast cancer progression. The effects of lumican were found to be related to the type of breast cancer cells and the ERα/β type. These data support the anticancer activity of lumican and open a new area for the pharmacological targeting of the invasive breast cancer.
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50
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Paracuellos P, Kalamajski S, Bonna A, Bihan D, Farndale RW, Hohenester E. Structural and functional analysis of two small leucine-rich repeat proteoglycans, fibromodulin and chondroadherin. Matrix Biol 2017; 63:106-116. [PMID: 28215822 PMCID: PMC5618690 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The small leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRPs) are important regulators of extracellular matrix assembly and cell signalling. We have determined crystal structures at ~ 2.2 Å resolution of human fibromodulin and chondroadherin, two collagen-binding SLRPs. Their overall fold is similar to that of the prototypical SLRP, decorin, but unlike decorin neither fibromodulin nor chondroadherin forms a stable dimer. A previously identified binding site for integrin α2β1 maps to an α-helix in the C-terminal cap region of chondroadherin. Interrogation of the Collagen Toolkits revealed a unique binding site for chondroadherin in collagen II, and no binding to collagen III. A triple-helical peptide containing the sequence GAOGPSGFQGLOGPOGPO (O is hydroxyproline) forms a stable complex with chondroadherin in solution. In fibrillar collagen I and II, this sequence is aligned with the collagen cross-linking site KGHR, suggesting a role for chondroadherin in cross-linking. The crystal structures of fibromodulin and chondroadherin have been determined. Fibromodulin and chondroadherin are monomeric in solution. Chondroadherin binds to a unique site in type II collagen that contains the sequence GAOGPSGFQGLOGPOGPO (O, hydroxyproline). In collagen fibres, the chondroadherin binding site is adjacent to the cross-linking site, KGHR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Arkadiusz Bonna
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Dominique Bihan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Richard W Farndale
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Erhard Hohenester
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
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