1
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Tsyu NG, Belyaev AV. Coarse-grained simulations of von Willebrand factor adsorption to collagen with consequent platelet recruitment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2023; 39:e3747. [PMID: 37366014 DOI: 10.1002/cnm.3747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
A multimeric glycoprotein of blood plasma-Von Willebrand factor (VWF)-mediates platelet adhesion to the fibrillar collagen of the subendothelial matrix if the blood vessel walls are damaged. The adsorption of VWF to collagen is thus essential for the initial stages of platelet hemostasis and thrombosis, as it plays a role of a molecular bridge between the injury and platelet adhesion receptors. Biomechanical complexity and sensitivity to the hydrodynamics are inherent in this system, therefore, modern computational methods supplement experimental studies of biophysical and molecular mechanisms that underlie platelet adhesion and aggregation in the blood flow. In the present paper, we propose a simulation framework for the VWF-mediated platelet adhesion to a plane wall with immobilized binding sites for VWF under the action of shear flow. VWF multimers and platelets are represented in the model by particles connected by elastic bonds and immersed in a viscous continuum fluid. This work complements the scientific field by taking into account the shape of a flattened platelet, but keeping a compromise between the detail of the description and the computational complexity of the model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noel G Tsyu
- Faculty of Physics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Aleksey V Belyaev
- Faculty of Physics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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2
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MubarakAli D, Kim H, Venkatesh PS, Kim JW, Lee SY. A Systemic Review on the Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications of Palladium Nanoparticles in Biomedicine. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:3699-3718. [PMID: 35349084 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-03840-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) have been considered as a potential candidate in the field of biomedical applications due to its unique properties such as huge catalytic, hydrogen storage, and sensing behavior. Therefore, Pd NPs have shown to have a significant potential for the development of antimicrobials, wound healing, antioxidant, and anticancer property in recent days. There are plenty of reports that showed superior properties of noble metals. However, only very few studies have been undertaken to explore the advantage of Pd NPs in the field of biomedical applications. This review reports detailed and comprehensive studies comprising of the synthesis, characterization, and potential applications of Pd NPs in biomedicine. This report provides evidences in the literature documented by early researchers to understand the potential applications of Pd NPs to be explored in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davoodbasha MubarakAli
- School of Life Sciences, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- Centre for Surface Technology and Applications, Korea Aerospace University, Goyang, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoekun Kim
- Centre for Surface Technology and Applications, Korea Aerospace University, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jung-Wan Kim
- Centre for Surface Technology and Applications, Korea Aerospace University, Goyang, Republic of Korea.
- Division of Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang-Yul Lee
- Centre for Surface Technology and Applications, Korea Aerospace University, Goyang, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Belyaev AV, Kushchenko YK. Biomechanical activation of blood platelets via adhesion to von Willebrand factor studied with mesoscopic simulations. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2023; 22:785-808. [PMID: 36627458 PMCID: PMC9838538 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-022-01681-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Platelet adhesion and activation are essential initial processes of arterial and microvascular hemostasis, where high hydrodynamic forces from the bloodflow impede coagulation. The process relies on von Willebrand factor (VWF)-a linear multimeric protein of blood plasma plays a pivotal role in mechanochemical regulation of shear-induced platelet aggregation (SIPA). Adhesive interactions between VWF and glycoprotein receptors GPIb are crucial for platelet recruitment under high shear stress in fluid. Recent advances in experimental studies revealed that mechanical tension on the extracellular part of GPIb may trigger a cascade of biochemical reactions in platelets leading to activation of integrins [Formula: see text] (also known as GPIIb/IIIa) and strengthening of the adhesion. The present paper is aimed at investigation of this process by three-dimensional computer simulations of platelet adhesion to surface-grafted VWF multimers in pressure-driven flow of platelet-rich plasma. The simulations demonstrate that GPIb-mediated mechanotransduction is a feasible way of platelet activation and stabilization of platelet aggregates under high shear stress. Quantitative understanding of mechanochemical processes involved in SIPA would potentially promote the discovery of new anti-platelet medication and the development of multiscale numerical models of platelet thrombosis and hemostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksey V. Belyaev
- grid.14476.300000 0001 2342 9668Faculty of Physics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-2 Leninskiye Gory, Moscow, Russia 119991
| | - Yulia K. Kushchenko
- grid.14476.300000 0001 2342 9668Faculty of Physics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-2 Leninskiye Gory, Moscow, Russia 119991
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4
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Combining mathematical modelling and deep learning to make rapid and explainable predictions of the patient-specific response to anticoagulant therapy under venous flow. Math Biosci 2022; 349:108830. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mbs.2022.108830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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5
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Han D, Zhang J, Griffith BP, Wu ZJ. Models of Shear-Induced Platelet Activation and Numerical Implementation With Computational Fluid Dynamics Approaches. J Biomech Eng 2022; 144:1119644. [PMID: 34529037 DOI: 10.1115/1.4052460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Shear-induced platelet activation is one of the critical outcomes when blood is exposed to elevated shear stress. Excessively activated platelets in the circulation can lead to thrombus formation and platelet consumption, resulting in serious adverse events such as thromboembolism and bleeding. While experimental observations reveal that it is related to the shear stress level and exposure time, the underlying mechanism of shear-induced platelet activation is not fully understood. Various models have been proposed to relate shear stress levels to platelet activation, yet most are modified from the empirically calibrated power-law model. Newly developed multiscale platelet models are tested as a promising approach to capture a single platelet's dynamic shape during activation, but it would be computationally expensive to employ it for a large-scale analysis. This paper summarizes the current numerical models used to study the shear-induced platelet activation and their computational applications in the risk assessment of a particular flow pattern and clot formation prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Han
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 10 South Pine Street, MSTF 436, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Jiafeng Zhang
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 10 South Pine Street, MSTF 436, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Bartley P Griffith
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 10 South Pine Street, MSTF 436, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Zhongjun J Wu
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 10 South Pine Street, MSTF 436, Baltimore, MD 21201; Fischell Department of Bioengineering, A. James Clark School of Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742
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6
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Deng YX, Chang HY, Li H. Recent Advances in Computational Modeling of Biomechanics and Biorheology of Red Blood Cells in Diabetes. Biomimetics (Basel) 2022; 7:15. [PMID: 35076493 PMCID: PMC8788472 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics7010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, a metabolic disease characterized by chronically elevated blood glucose levels, affects about 29 million Americans and more than 422 million adults all over the world. Particularly, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) accounts for 90-95% of the cases of vascular disease and its prevalence is increasing due to the rising obesity rates in modern societies. Although multiple factors associated with diabetes, such as reduced red blood cell (RBC) deformability, enhanced RBC aggregation and adhesion to the endothelium, as well as elevated blood viscosity are thought to contribute to the hemodynamic impairment and vascular occlusion, clinical or experimental studies cannot directly quantify the contributions of these factors to the abnormal hematology in T2DM. Recently, computational modeling has been employed to dissect the impacts of the aberrant biomechanics of diabetic RBCs and their adverse effects on microcirculation. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in the developments and applications of computational models in investigating the abnormal properties of diabetic blood from the cellular level to the vascular level. We expect that this review will motivate and steer the development of new models in this area and shift the attention of the community from conventional laboratory studies to combined experimental and computational investigations, aiming to provide new inspirations for the development of advanced tools to improve our understanding of the pathogenesis and pathology of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Xiang Deng
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA;
| | - Hung-Yu Chang
- Division of Applied Mathematics, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA;
| | - He Li
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
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7
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Masalceva AA, Kaneva VN, Panteleev MA, Ataullakhanov F, Volpert V, Afanasyev I, Nechipurenko DY. Analysis of microvascular thrombus mechanobiology with a novel particle-based model. J Biomech 2021; 130:110801. [PMID: 34768079 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2021.110801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Platelet accumulation at the site of a vascular injury is regulated by soluble platelet agonists, which induce various types of platelet responses, including integrin activation and granule secretion. The interplay between local biochemical cues, mechanical interactions between platelets and macroscopic thrombus dynamics is poorly understood. Here we describe a novel computational model of microvascular clot formation for the detailed analysis of thrombus mechanics. We adopt a previously developed two-dimensional particle-based model focused on the thrombus shell formation and revise it to introduce the platelet agonists. Blood flow is simulated via a computational fluid dynamics approach. In order to model soluble platelet activators, we apply Langevin dynamics to a large number of non-dimensional virtual particles. Taking advantage of the available data on platelet dense granule secretion kinetics, we model platelet degranulation as a stochastic agonist-dependent process. The new model qualitatively reproduces the enhanced thrombus formation due to dense granule secretion, in line with in vivo findings, and provides a mechanism for the thrombin confinement at the early stages of clot formation. Our calculations also predict that the release of platelet dense granules results in the additional mechanical stabilization of the inner layers of thrombus. Distribution of the inter-platelet forces throughout the aggregate reveals multiple weak spots in the outer regions of a thrombus, which are expected to result in the mechanical disruptions at the later stages of clot formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia A Masalceva
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia; Center for Theoretical Problems of Physico-chemical Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russia
| | - Valeriia N Kaneva
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia; Center for Theoretical Problems of Physico-chemical Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russia; Dmitry Rogachev National Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail A Panteleev
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia; Center for Theoretical Problems of Physico-chemical Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russia; Dmitry Rogachev National Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia; Faculty of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudnyi, Russia
| | - Fazoil Ataullakhanov
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia; Center for Theoretical Problems of Physico-chemical Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russia; Dmitry Rogachev National Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia; Faculty of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudnyi, Russia
| | - Vitaly Volpert
- Institut Camille Jordan, UMR 5208 CNRS, University Lyon 1, 69622 Villeurbanne, France; INRIA Team Dracula, INRIA Lyon La Doua, 69603 Villeurbanne, France; Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St, Moscow 117198, Russia
| | - Ilya Afanasyev
- Moscow Center of Fundamental and Applied Mathematics, Moscow, Russia; Research Computing Center of Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry Yu Nechipurenko
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia; Center for Theoretical Problems of Physico-chemical Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russia; Dmitry Rogachev National Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia.
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8
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Kaneva VN, Dunster JL, Volpert V, Ataullahanov F, Panteleev MA, Nechipurenko DY. Modeling Thrombus Shell: Linking Adhesion Receptor Properties and Macroscopic Dynamics. Biophys J 2021; 120:334-351. [PMID: 33472026 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2020.10.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Damage to arterial vessel walls leads to the formation of platelet aggregate, which acts as a physical obstacle for bleeding. An arterial thrombus is heterogeneous; it has a dense inner part (core) and an unstable outer part (shell). The thrombus shell is very dynamic, being composed of loosely connected discoid platelets. The mechanisms underlying the observed mobility of the shell and its (patho)physiological implications are unclear. To investigate arterial thrombus mechanics, we developed a novel, to our knowledge, two-dimensional particle-based computational model of microvessel thrombosis. The model considers two types of interplatelet interactions: primary reversible (glycoprotein Ib (GPIb)-mediated) and stronger integrin-mediated interaction, which intensifies with platelet activation. At high shear rates, the former interaction leads to adhesion, and the latter is primarily responsible for stable platelet aggregation. Using a stochastic model of GPIb-mediated interaction, we initially reproduced experimental curves that characterize individual platelet interactions with a von Willebrand factor-coated surface. The addition of the second stabilizing interaction results in thrombus formation. The comparison of thrombus dynamics with experimental data allowed us to estimate the magnitude of critical interplatelet forces in the thrombus shell and the characteristic time of platelet activation. The model predicts moderate dependence of maximal thrombus height on the injury size in the absence of thrombin activity. We demonstrate that the developed stochastic model reproduces the observed highly dynamic behavior of the thrombus shell. The presence of primary stochastic interaction between platelets leads to the properties of thrombus consistent with in vivo findings; it does not grow upstream of the injury site and covers the whole injury from the first seconds of the formation. А simplified model, in which GPIb-mediated interaction is deterministic, does not reproduce these features. Thus, the stochasticity of platelet interactions is critical for thrombus plasticity, suggesting that interaction via a small number of bonds drives the dynamics of arterial thrombus shell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeriia N Kaneva
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physico-chemical Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Joanne L Dunster
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Vitaly Volpert
- Institut Camille Jordan, UMR 5208 CNRS, University Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France; INRIA Team Dracula, INRIA Lyon La Doua, Villeurbanne, France; Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Fazoil Ataullahanov
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physico-chemical Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Centre of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia; Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia; Faculty of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudnyi, Russia
| | - Mikhail A Panteleev
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physico-chemical Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Centre of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia; Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia; Faculty of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudnyi, Russia
| | - Dmitry Yu Nechipurenko
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physico-chemical Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Centre of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia; Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
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9
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Ratto N, Bouchnita A, Chelle P, Marion M, Panteleev M, Nechipurenko D, Tardy-Poncet B, Volpert V. Patient-Specific Modelling of Blood Coagulation. Bull Math Biol 2021; 83:50. [PMID: 33772645 PMCID: PMC7998098 DOI: 10.1007/s11538-021-00890-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Blood coagulation represents one of the most studied processes in biomedical modelling. However, clinical applications of this modelling remain limited because of the complexity of this process and because of large inter-patient variation of the concentrations of blood factors, kinetic constants and physiological conditions. Determination of some of these patients-specific parameters is experimentally possible, but it would be related to excessive time and material costs impossible in clinical practice. We propose in this work a methodological approach to patient-specific modelling of blood coagulation. It begins with conventional thrombin generation tests allowing the determination of parameters of a reduced kinetic model. Next, this model is used to study spatial distributions of blood factors and blood coagulation in flow, and to evaluate the results of medical treatment of blood coagulation disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ratto
- UMR 5208 CNRS, Institute Camille Jordan, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, Ecully, France
| | - A Bouchnita
- University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - P Chelle
- Center for Health Engineering, UMR 5307, Ecole Nationale Superieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2023, Saint-Étienne, France.,EA3065, University Jean Monnet, 42023, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - M Marion
- UMR 5208 CNRS, Institute Camille Jordan, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, Ecully, France
| | - M Panteleev
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.,Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology named after Dmitry Rogachev, Moscow, Russia
| | - D Nechipurenko
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.,Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology named after Dmitry Rogachev, Moscow, Russia
| | - B Tardy-Poncet
- EA3065, University Jean Monnet, 42023, Saint-Étienne, France.,Inserm CIC1408, CHU de Saint-Etienne, 42023, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - V Volpert
- UMR 5208 CNRS, Institut Camille Jordan, University Lyon 1, 69622, Villeurbanne, France. .,INRIA Team Dracula, INRIA Lyon La Doua, 69603, Villeurbanne, France. .,Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St, Moscow, Russia, 117198.
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10
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Nechipurenko DY, Shibeko AM, Sveshnikova AN, Panteleev MA. In Silico Hemostasis Modeling and Prediction. Hamostaseologie 2020; 40:524-535. [PMID: 32916753 DOI: 10.1055/a-1213-2117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Computational physiology, i.e., reproduction of physiological (and, by extension, pathophysiological) processes in silico, could be considered one of the major goals in computational biology. One might use computers to simulate molecular interactions, enzyme kinetics, gene expression, or whole networks of biochemical reactions, but it is (patho)physiological meaning that is usually the meaningful goal of the research even when a single enzyme is its subject. Although exponential rise in the use of computational and mathematical models in the field of hemostasis and thrombosis began in the 1980s (first for blood coagulation, then for platelet adhesion, and finally for platelet signal transduction), the majority of their successful applications are still focused on simulating the elements of the hemostatic system rather than the total (patho)physiological response in situ. Here we discuss the state of the art, the state of the progress toward the efficient "virtual thrombus formation," and what one can already get from the existing models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Y Nechipurenko
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.,Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,Dmitry Rogachev National Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Aleksey M Shibeko
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,Dmitry Rogachev National Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia N Sveshnikova
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.,Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,Dmitry Rogachev National Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail A Panteleev
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.,Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,Dmitry Rogachev National Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
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11
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Windberger U, Läuger J. Blood Clot Phenotyping by Rheometry: Platelets and Fibrinogen Chemistry Affect Stress-Softening and -Stiffening at Large Oscillation Amplitude. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25173890. [PMID: 32858936 PMCID: PMC7503632 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25173890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Together with treatment protocols, viscoelastic tests are widely used for patient care. Measuring at broader ranges of deformation than currently done will add information on a clot’s mechanical phenotype because fibrin networks follow different stretching regimes, and blood flow compels clots into a dynamic non-linear response. (2) Methods: To characterize the influence of platelets on the network level, a stress amplitude sweep test (LAOStress) was applied to clots from native plasma with five platelet concentrations. Five species were used to validate the protocol (human, cow, pig, rat, horse). By Lissajous plots the oscillation cycle for each stress level was analyzed. (3) Results: Cyclic stress loading generates a characteristic strain response that scales with the platelet quantity at low stress, and that is independent from the platelet count at high shear stress. This general behavior is valid in the animal models except cow. Here, the specific fibrinogen chemistry induces a stiffer network and a variant high stress response. (4) Conclusions: The protocol provides several thresholds to connect the softening and stiffening behavior of clots with the applied shear stress. This points to the reversible part of deformation, and thus opens a new route to describe a blood clot’s phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ursula Windberger
- Department for Biomedical Research, Decentralized Biomedical Facilities, Medical University Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Correspondence: (U.W.); (J.L.); Tel.: +43-1-40160-37103 (U.W.)
| | - Jörg Läuger
- Anton Paar Germany GmbH, Helmuth-Hirth-Strasse 6, 73760 Ostfildern, Germany
- Correspondence: (U.W.); (J.L.); Tel.: +43-1-40160-37103 (U.W.)
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12
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Yi Y, Tamagawa M. Development of a novel hybrid method combining finite difference method and dissipative particle dynamics to simulate thrombus formation on orifice flow. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2020; 23:611-626. [PMID: 32310682 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2020.1755274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In our previous works, the transport of activated platelets (APs) on orifice flow has been simulated by finite difference method (FDM). And the distribution of AP concentration on the flow was obtained. However, the effect of platelet aggregation on the distribution of AP concentration can't be investigated by FDM because FDM can't simulate platelet aggregation. On the other hand, platelet aggregation has been simulated by dissipative particle dynamics (DPD). In this paper, a hybrid method combining FDM and DPD is proposed to investigate the effect of platelet aggregation on the distribution of AP concentration. And the hybrid method is used to simulate thrombus formation on orifice flow. As for the effect of platelet aggregation, it is found that the distribution of AP concentration in the hybrid method is different from the distribution in FDM at the places of platelet aggregation. It is considered that the difference is induced by platelet aggregation. As for the distribution of thrombus, higher AP concentration and more aggregated APs are found around the reattachment point and in the recirculation area. It is considered that thrombus is mainly distributed at these places in the simulation. And according to our previous experimental results, thrombus is mainly distributed around the reattachment point and in the recirculation area. It is concluded that the effect of platelet aggregation on the distribution of AP concentration can be investigated by the hybrid method, and the computational results agree with our previous experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yi
- Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - M Tamagawa
- Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu, Japan
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13
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Yesudasan S, Averett RD. Recent advances in computational modeling of fibrin clot formation: A review. Comput Biol Chem 2019; 83:107148. [PMID: 31751883 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2019.107148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The field of thrombosis and hemostasis is crucial for understanding and developing new therapies for pathologies such as deep vein thrombosis, diabetes related strokes, pulmonary embolisms, and hemorrhaging related diseases. In the last two decades, an exponential growth in studies related to fibrin clot formation using computational tools has been observed. Despite this growth, the complete mechanism behind thrombus formation and hemostasis has been long and rife with obstacles; however, significant progress has been made in the present century. The computational models and methods used in this context are diversified into different spatiotemporal scales, yet there is no single model which can predict both physiological and mechanical properties of fibrin clots. In this review, we list the major strategies employed by researchers in modeling fibrin clot formation using recent and existing computational techniques. This review organizes the computational strategies into continuum level, system level, discrete particle (DPD), and multi-scale methods. We also discuss strengths and weaknesses of various methods and future directions in which computational modeling of fibrin clots can advance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumith Yesudasan
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, 597 D.W. Brooks Drive, Athens, GA 30602
| | - Rodney D Averett
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, 597 D.W. Brooks Drive, Athens, GA 30602.
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14
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Kushchenko YK, Belyaev AV. Effects of hydrophobicity, tethering and size on flow-induced activation of von Willebrand factor multimers. J Theor Biol 2019; 485:110050. [PMID: 31618612 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2019.110050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Von Willebrand factor (VWF) is a multimeric protein of blood plasma that mediates platelet adhesion to injury under strong hemodynamic flows in arterias and microvasvulature. We present a 3D coarse-grained computer model of VWF multimers in flowing viscous fluid that explicitely grasps the dynamics, the conformational changes and the hydrodynamics-induced activation of adhesivity of these protein concatamers to GPIb receptor of blood platelets. The model is based on the fluctuating Lattice Boltzmann method for modelling the hydrodynamics in the simulation box and the Lagrangian particle dynamics coupled to the fluid by a viscous drag force. The model has been validated by the comparison with the experimental data found in literature. We studied the effect of hydrophobic interactions on the conformational dynamics of VWF multimers. The simulations suggest that the contour length is an important parameter that controls the functionality of VWF multimers in blood. We also demonstrate that tethering to the surface of a vessel wall promoted the flow-induced activation of VWF, while those multimers that remain untethered and move freely in the blood plasma require a stronger shearing to get activated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia K Kushchenko
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Physics, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Aleksey V Belyaev
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Physics, Moscow 119991, Russia; S.M. Nikol'skii Mathematical Institute, RUDN University, Moscow 115419, Russia.
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15
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Danes N, Leiderman K. A density-dependent FEM-FCT algorithm with application to modeling platelet aggregation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2019; 35:e3212. [PMID: 31117155 PMCID: PMC6718345 DOI: 10.1002/cnm.3212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Upon injury to a blood vessel, flowing platelets will aggregate at the injury site, forming a plug to prevent blood loss. Through a complex system of biochemical reactions, a stabilizing mesh forms around the platelet aggregate forming a blood clot that further seals the injury. Computational models of clot formation have been developed to a study intravascular thrombosis, where a vessel injury does not cause blood leakage outside the blood vessel but blocks blood flow. To model scenarios in which blood leaks from a main vessel out into the extravascular space, new computational tools need to be developed to handle the complex geometries that represent the injury. We have previously modeled intravascular clot formation under flow using a continuum approach wherein the transport of platelet densities into some spatial location is limited by the platelet fraction that already reside in that location, i.e., the densities satisfy a maximum packing constraint through the use of a hindered transport coefficient. To extend this notion to extravascular injury geometries, we have modified a finite element method flux-corrected transport (FEM-FCT) scheme by prelimiting antidiffusive nodal fluxes. We show that our modified scheme, under a variety of test problems, including mesh refinement, structured vs unstructured meshes, and for a range of reaction rates, produces numerical results that satisfy a maximum platelet-density packing constraint.
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16
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Cheng L, Wei GW, Leil T. Review of quantitative systems pharmacological modeling in thrombosis. COMMUNICATIONS IN INFORMATION AND SYSTEMS 2019; 19:219-240. [PMID: 34045928 DOI: 10.4310/cis.2019.v19.n3.a1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Hemostasis and thrombosis are often thought as two sides of the same clotting mechanism whereas hemostasis is a natural protective mechanism to prevent bleeding and thrombosis is a blood clot abnormally formulated inside a blood vessel, blocking the normal blood flow. The evidence to date suggests that at least arterial thrombosis results from the same critical pathways of hemostasis. Analysis of these complex processes and pathways using quantitative systems pharmacological model-based approach can facilitate the delineation of the causal pathways that lead to the emergence of thrombosis. In this paper, we provide an overview of the main molecular and physiological mechanisms associated with hemostasis and thrombosis, and review the models and quantitative system pharmacological modeling approaches that are relevant in characterizing the interplay among the multiple factors and pathways of thrombosis. An emphasis is given to computational models for drug development. Future trends are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limei Cheng
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
| | - Guo-Wei Wei
- Department of Mathematics Michigan State University East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - Tarek Leil
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
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17
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Fedosov DA. Hemostasis is a highly multiscale process: Comment on "Modeling thrombosis in silico: Frontiers, challenges, unresolved problems and milestones" by A. V. Belyaev et al. Phys Life Rev 2018; 26-27:108-109. [PMID: 30042016 DOI: 10.1016/j.plrev.2018.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry A Fedosov
- Institute of Complex Systems and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany.
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18
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Evaluation and Calibration of In Silico Models of Thrombin Generation Using Experimental Data from Healthy and Haemophilic Subjects. Bull Math Biol 2018; 80:1989-2025. [DOI: 10.1007/s11538-018-0440-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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19
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Ngoepe MN, Frangi AF, Byrne JV, Ventikos Y. Thrombosis in Cerebral Aneurysms and the Computational Modeling Thereof: A Review. Front Physiol 2018; 9:306. [PMID: 29670533 PMCID: PMC5893827 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Thrombosis is a condition closely related to cerebral aneurysms and controlled thrombosis is the main purpose of endovascular embolization treatment. The mechanisms governing thrombus initiation and evolution in cerebral aneurysms have not been fully elucidated and this presents challenges for interventional planning. Significant effort has been directed towards developing computational methods aimed at streamlining the interventional planning process for unruptured cerebral aneurysm treatment. Included in these methods are computational models of thrombus development following endovascular device placement. The main challenge with developing computational models for thrombosis in disease cases is that there exists a wide body of literature that addresses various aspects of the clotting process, but it may not be obvious what information is of direct consequence for what modeling purpose (e.g., for understanding the effect of endovascular therapies). The aim of this review is to present the information so it will be of benefit to the community attempting to model cerebral aneurysm thrombosis for interventional planning purposes, in a simplified yet appropriate manner. The paper begins by explaining current understanding of physiological coagulation and highlights the documented distinctions between the physiological process and cerebral aneurysm thrombosis. Clinical observations of thrombosis following endovascular device placement are then presented. This is followed by a section detailing the demands placed on computational models developed for interventional planning. Finally, existing computational models of thrombosis are presented. This last section begins with description and discussion of physiological computational clotting models, as they are of immense value in understanding how to construct a general computational model of clotting. This is then followed by a review of computational models of clotting in cerebral aneurysms, specifically. Even though some progress has been made towards computational predictions of thrombosis following device placement in cerebral aneurysms, many gaps still remain. Answering the key questions will require the combined efforts of the clinical, experimental and computational communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malebogo N Ngoepe
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Centre for High Performance Computing, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Cape Town, South Africa.,Stellenbosch Institute for Advanced Study, Wallenberg Research Centre at Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Alejandro F Frangi
- Center for Computational Imaging and Simulation Technologies in Biomedicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - James V Byrne
- Department of Neuroradiology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Yiannis Ventikos
- UCL Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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20
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Abstract
In this work, computer modeling has been used to show that longer ligands allow biological cells (e.g., blood platelets) to withstand stronger flows after their adhesion to solid walls. A mechanistic model of polymer-mediated ligand-receptor adhesion between a microparticle (cell) and a flat wall has been developed. The theoretical threshold between adherent and non-adherent regimes has been derived analytically and confirmed by simulations. These results lead to a deeper understanding of numerous biophysical processes, e.g., arterial thrombosis, and to the design of new biomimetic colloid-polymer systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksey V Belyaev
- M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Physics, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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21
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Modeling thrombosis in silico: Frontiers, challenges, unresolved problems and milestones. Phys Life Rev 2018; 26-27:57-95. [PMID: 29550179 DOI: 10.1016/j.plrev.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Hemostasis is a complex physiological mechanism that functions to maintain vascular integrity under any conditions. Its primary components are blood platelets and a coagulation network that interact to form the hemostatic plug, a combination of cell aggregate and gelatinous fibrin clot that stops bleeding upon vascular injury. Disorders of hemostasis result in bleeding or thrombosis, and are the major immediate cause of mortality and morbidity in the world. Regulation of hemostasis and thrombosis is immensely complex, as it depends on blood cell adhesion and mechanics, hydrodynamics and mass transport of various species, huge signal transduction networks in platelets, as well as spatiotemporal regulation of the blood coagulation network. Mathematical and computational modeling has been increasingly used to gain insight into this complexity over the last 30 years, but the limitations of the existing models remain profound. Here we review state-of-the-art-methods for computational modeling of thrombosis with the specific focus on the analysis of unresolved challenges. They include: a) fundamental issues related to physics of platelet aggregates and fibrin gels; b) computational challenges and limitations for solution of the models that combine cell adhesion, hydrodynamics and chemistry; c) biological mysteries and unknown parameters of processes; d) biophysical complexities of the spatiotemporal networks' regulation. Both relatively classical approaches and innovative computational techniques for their solution are considered; the subjects discussed with relation to thrombosis modeling include coarse-graining, continuum versus particle-based modeling, multiscale models, hybrid models, parameter estimation and others. Fundamental understanding gained from theoretical models are highlighted and a description of future prospects in the field and the nearest possible aims are given.
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22
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Bouchnita A, Miossec P, Tosenberger A, Volpert V. Modeling of the effects of IL-17 and TNF-α on endothelial cells and thrombus growth. C R Biol 2017; 340:456-473. [PMID: 29195855 DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis are chronic inflammatory diseases, with massive increase of cardiovascular events (CVE), and contribution of the cytokines TNF-α and IL-17. Chronic inflammation inside the joint membrane or synovium results from the activation of fibroblasts/synoviocytes, and leads to the release of cytokines from monocytes (Tumor Necrosis Factor or TNF) and from T lymphocytes (Interleukin-17 or IL-17). At the systemic level, the very same cytokines affect endothelial cells and vessel wall. We have previously shown [1,2] that IL-17 and TNF-α, specifically when combined, increase procoagulation, decrease anticoagulation and increase platelet aggregation, leading to thrombosis. These results are the basis for the models of interactions between IL-17 and TNF, and genes expressed by activated endothelial cells. This work is devoted to mathematical modeling and numerical simulations of blood coagulation and clot growth under the influence of IL-17 and TNF-α. We show that they can provoke thrombosis, leading to the complete or partial occlusion of blood vessels. The regimes of blood coagulation and conditions of occlusion are investigated in numerical simulations and in approximate analytical models. The results of mathematical modeling allow us to predict thrombosis development for an individual patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anass Bouchnita
- Laboratoire de biométrie et biologie évolutive (LBBE), UMR 5558 CNRS, Université Lyon-1, 69376 Lyon, France; Mohammadia School of Engineering (EMI), Université Mohammed-V, 10080 Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Pierre Miossec
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Immunogenomics and Inflammation, Research Unit EA 4130, Hôpital Édouard-Herriot, Université de Lyon, 69437 Lyon, France
| | - Alen Tosenberger
- Unité de chronobiologie théorique, Faculté des sciences, Université ibre de Bruxelles (ULB), campus Plaine, CP 231, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Vitaly Volpert
- Institut Camille-Jordan (ICJ), UMR 5208 CNRS, Université Lyon-1, 69622 Villeurbanne, France; Intitut national de recherche en informatique et automatique (INRIA), Team Dracula, INRIA Lyon La Doua, 69603 Villeurbanne, France; RUDN University, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya 6, 117198 Moscow, Russia
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23
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24
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Quantifying the influence of oscillatory flow disturbances on blood flow. J Theor Biol 2017; 430:195-206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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25
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Bouchnita A, Galochkina T, Kurbatova P, Nony P, Volpert V. Conditions of microvessel occlusion for blood coagulation in flow. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2017; 33:e2850. [PMID: 27863131 DOI: 10.1002/cnm.2850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Vessel occlusion is a perturbation of blood flow inside a blood vessel because of the fibrin clot formation. As a result, blood circulation in the vessel can be slowed down or even stopped. This can provoke the risk of cardiovascular events. In order to explore this phenomenon, we used a previously developed mathematical model of blood clotting to describe the concentrations of blood factors with a reaction-diffusion system of equations. The Navier-Stokes equations were used to model blood flow, and we treated the clot as a porous medium. We identify the conditions of partial or complete occlusion in a small vessel depending on various physical and physiological parameters. In particular, we were interested in the conditions on blood flow and diameter of the wounded area. The existence of a critical flow velocity separating the regimes of partial and complete occlusion was demonstrated through the mathematical investigation of a simplified model of thrombin wave propagation in Poiseuille flow. We observed different regimes of vessel occlusion depending on the model parameters both for the numerical simulations and in the theoretical study. Then, we compared the rate of clot growth in flow obtained in the simulations with experimental data. Both of them showed the existence of different regimes of clot growth depending on the velocity of blood flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bouchnita
- Institut Camille Jordan, UMR 5208 CNRS, University Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, 69622, France
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, UMR 5558 CNRS, University Lyon 1, Lyon, 69376, France
- Laboratory of Study and Research in Applied Mathematics, Mohammadia School of Engineers, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - T Galochkina
- Institut Camille Jordan, UMR 5208 CNRS, University Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, 69622, France
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory 1, Moscow, Russia
- Federal Research Clinical Center of Federal Medical & Biological Agency of Russia, Orekhovy boulevard 28, Moscow, Russia
| | - P Kurbatova
- Institut Camille Jordan, UMR 5208 CNRS, University Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, 69622, France
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, UMR 5558 CNRS, University Lyon 1, Lyon, 69376, France
| | - P Nony
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, UMR 5558 CNRS, University Lyon 1, Lyon, 69376, France
- Service de Pharmacologie Clinique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - V Volpert
- Institut Camille Jordan, UMR 5208 CNRS, University Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, 69622, France
- INRIA Team Dracula, INRIA Lyon La Doua, 69603 Villeurbanne, France
- Laboratoire Poncelet, UMI 2615 CNRS, Bolshoy Vlasyevskiy Pereulok 11, 119002 Moscow, Russia
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26
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Hosseinzadegan H, Tafti DK. Modeling thrombus formation and growth. Biotechnol Bioeng 2017; 114:2154-2172. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.26343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Hosseinzadegan
- Mechanical Engineering DepartmentVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 213E Goodwin Hall ‐ 0238, 635 Prices Fork RoadBlacksburgVirginia24061
| | - Danesh K. Tafti
- Mechanical Engineering DepartmentVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 213E Goodwin Hall ‐ 0238, 635 Prices Fork RoadBlacksburgVirginia24061
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27
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Govindarajan V, Rakesh V, Reifman J, Mitrophanov AY. Computational Study of Thrombus Formation and Clotting Factor Effects under Venous Flow Conditions. Biophys J 2017; 110:1869-1885. [PMID: 27119646 PMCID: PMC4850327 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2016.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A comprehensive understanding of thrombus formation as a physicochemical process that has evolved to protect the integrity of the human vasculature is critical to our ability to predict and control pathological states caused by a malfunctioning blood coagulation system. Despite numerous investigations, the spatial and temporal details of thrombus growth as a multicomponent process are not fully understood. Here, we used computational modeling to investigate the temporal changes in the spatial distributions of the key enzymatic (i.e., thrombin) and structural (i.e., platelets and fibrin) components within a growing thrombus. Moreover, we investigated the interplay between clot structure and its mechanical properties, such as hydraulic resistance to flow. Our model relied on the coupling of computational fluid dynamics and biochemical kinetics, and was validated using flow-chamber data from a previous experimental study. The model allowed us to identify the distinct patterns characterizing the spatial distributions of thrombin, platelets, and fibrin accumulating within a thrombus. Our modeling results suggested that under the simulated conditions, thrombin kinetics was determined predominantly by prothrombinase. Furthermore, our simulations showed that thrombus resistance imparted by fibrin was ∼30-fold higher than that imparted by platelets. Yet, thrombus-mediated bloodflow occlusion was driven primarily by the platelet deposition process, because the height of the platelet accumulation domain was approximately twice that of the fibrin accumulation domain. Fibrinogen supplementation in normal blood resulted in a nonlinear increase in thrombus resistance, and for a supplemented fibrinogen level of 48%, the thrombus resistance increased by ∼2.7-fold. Finally, our model predicted that restoring the normal levels of clotting factors II, IX, and X while simultaneously restoring fibrinogen (to 88% of its normal level) in diluted blood can restore fibrin generation to ∼78% of its normal level and hence improve clot formation under dilution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Govindarajan
- Department of Defense Biotechnology High Performance Computing Software Applications Institute, Telemedicine and Advanced Technology Research Center, U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, Maryland
| | - Vineet Rakesh
- Department of Defense Biotechnology High Performance Computing Software Applications Institute, Telemedicine and Advanced Technology Research Center, U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, Maryland
| | - Jaques Reifman
- Department of Defense Biotechnology High Performance Computing Software Applications Institute, Telemedicine and Advanced Technology Research Center, U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, Maryland.
| | - Alexander Y Mitrophanov
- Department of Defense Biotechnology High Performance Computing Software Applications Institute, Telemedicine and Advanced Technology Research Center, U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, Maryland
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28
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Chopard B, de Sousa DR, Lätt J, Mountrakis L, Dubois F, Yourassowsky C, Van Antwerpen P, Eker O, Vanhamme L, Perez-Morga D, Courbebaisse G, Lorenz E, Hoekstra AG, Boudjeltia KZ. A physical description of the adhesion and aggregation of platelets. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2017; 4:170219. [PMID: 28484643 PMCID: PMC5414280 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.170219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The early stages of clot formation in blood vessels involve platelet adhesion-aggregation. Although these mechanisms have been extensively studied, gaps in their understanding still persist. We have performed detailed in vitro experiments, using the well-known Impact-R device, and developed a numerical model to better describe and understand this phenomenon. Unlike previous studies, we took into account the differential role of pre-activated and non-activated platelets, as well as the three-dimensional nature of the aggregation process. Our investigation reveals that blood albumin is a major parameter limiting platelet aggregate formation in our experiment. Simulations are in very good agreement with observations and provide quantitative estimates of the adhesion and aggregation rates that are hard to measure experimentally. They also provide a value of the effective diffusion of platelets in blood subject to the shear rate produced by the Impact-R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastien Chopard
- Comupter Science Department, University of Geneva, CUI, 7 route de Drize, 1227 Carouge, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Ribeiro de Sousa
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine (ULB 222 Unit), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), CHU de Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Jonas Lätt
- Comupter Science Department, University of Geneva, CUI, 7 route de Drize, 1227 Carouge, Switzerland
| | - Lampros Mountrakis
- Computational Science Laboratory, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank Dubois
- Microgravity Research Centre, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Belgium
| | | | - Pierre Van Antwerpen
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analytic Platform of the Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Belgium
| | - Omer Eker
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, CHRU de Montpellier, France
| | - Luc Vanhamme
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Belgium
| | - David Perez-Morga
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, CHRU de Montpellier, France
| | | | - Eric Lorenz
- Computational Science Laboratory, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alfons G. Hoekstra
- Computational Science Laboratory, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Karim Zouaoui Boudjeltia
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine (ULB 222 Unit), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), CHU de Charleroi, Belgium
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29
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Belyaev AV, Panteleev MA, Ataullakhanov FI. Threshold of microvascular occlusion: injury size defines the thrombosis scenario. Biophys J 2016. [PMID: 26200881 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2015.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Damage to the blood vessel triggers formation of a hemostatic plug, which is meant to prevent bleeding, yet the same phenomenon may result in a total blockade of a blood vessel by a thrombus, causing severe medical conditions. Here, we show that the physical interplay between platelet adhesion and hemodynamics in a microchannel manifests in a critical threshold behavior of a growing thrombus. Depending on the size of injury, two distinct dynamic pathways of thrombosis were found: the formation of a nonocclusive plug, if injury length does not exceed the critical value, and the total occlusion of the vessel by the thrombus otherwise. We develop a mathematical model that demonstrates that switching between these regimes occurs as a result of a saddle-node bifurcation. Our study reveals the mechanism of self-regulation of thrombosis in blood microvessels and explains experimentally observed distinctions between thrombi of different physical etiology. This also can be useful for the design of platelet-aggregation-inspired engineering solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksey V Belyaev
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology RAS, Moscow, Russia; Federal Research and Clinical Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Mikhail A Panteleev
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology RAS, Moscow, Russia; Federal Research and Clinical Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia; Department of Physics, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia; HemaCore LLC, Moscow, Russia
| | - Fazly I Ataullakhanov
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology RAS, Moscow, Russia; Federal Research and Clinical Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia; Department of Physics, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia; HemaCore LLC, Moscow, Russia
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30
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Tosenberger A, Ataullakhanov F, Bessonov N, Panteleev M, Tokarev A, Volpert V. Modelling of platelet-fibrin clot formation in flow with a DPD-PDE method. J Math Biol 2015; 72:649-81. [PMID: 26001742 DOI: 10.1007/s00285-015-0891-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Revised: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The paper is devoted to mathematical modelling of clot growth in blood flow. Great complexity of the hemostatic system dictates the need of usage of the mathematical models to understand its functioning in the normal and especially in pathological situations. In this work we investigate the interaction of blood flow, platelet aggregation and plasma coagulation. We develop a hybrid DPD-PDE model where dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) is used to model plasma flow and platelets, while the regulatory network of plasma coagulation is described by a system of partial differential equations. Modelling results confirm the potency of the scenario of clot growth where at the first stage of clot formation platelets form an aggregate due to weak inter-platelet connections and then due to their activation. This enables the formation of the fibrin net in the centre of the platelet aggregate where the flow velocity is significantly reduced. The fibrin net reinforces the clot and allows its further growth. When the clot becomes sufficiently large, it stops growing due to the narrowed vessel and the increase of flow shear rate at the surface of the clot. Its outer part is detached by the flow revealing the inner part covered by fibrin. This fibrin cap does not allow new platelets to attach at the high shear rate, and the clot stops growing. Dependence of the final clot size on wall shear rate and on other parameters is studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Tosenberger
- Institut des Hautes Etudes Scientifiques, Bures-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - F Ataullakhanov
- Federal Research and Clinical Centre of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - N Bessonov
- Institute of Mechanical Engineering Problems, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - M Panteleev
- Federal Research and Clinical Centre of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - A Tokarev
- Federal Research and Clinical Centre of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - V Volpert
- Institut Camille Jordan, UMR 5208 CNRS, University Lyon 1, Lyon, France
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31
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Abstract
Intravascular blood clots form in an environment in which hydrodynamic forces dominate and in which fluid-mediated transport is the primary means of moving material. The clotting system has evolved to exploit fluid dynamic mechanisms and to overcome fluid dynamic challenges to ensure that clots that preserve vascular integrity can form over the wide range of flow conditions found in the circulation. Fluid-mediated interactions between the many large deformable red blood cells and the few small rigid platelets lead to high platelet concentrations near vessel walls where platelets contribute to clotting. Receptor-ligand pairs with diverse kinetic and mechanical characteristics work synergistically to arrest rapidly flowing cells on an injured vessel. Variations in hydrodynamic stresses switch on and off the function of key clotting polymers. Protein transport to, from, and within a developing clot determines whether and how fast it grows. We review ongoing experimental and modeling research to understand these and related phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron L. Fogelson
- Departments of Mathematics and Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112
| | - Keith B. Neeves
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401
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Leiderman K, Fogelson A. An overview of mathematical modeling of thrombus formation under flow. Thromb Res 2014; 133 Suppl 1:S12-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2014.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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33
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Bodnár T, Fasano A, Sequeira A. Mathematical Models for Blood Coagulation. FLUID-STRUCTURE INTERACTION AND BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-0348-0822-4_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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