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Biniaris-Georgallis SI, Aschman T, Stergioula K, Schreiber F, Jafari V, Taranko A, Karmalkar T, Kasapi A, Lenac Rovis T, Jelencic V, Bejarano DA, Fabry L, Papacharalampous M, Mattiola I, Molgora M, Hou J, Hublitz KW, Heinrich F, Guerra GM, Durek P, Patone G, Lindberg EL, Maatz H, Hölsken O, Krönke G, Mortha A, Voll RE, Clarke AJ, Hauser AE, Colonna M, Thurley K, Schlitzer A, Schneider C, Stamatiades EG, Mashreghi MF, Jonjic S, Hübner N, Diefenbach A, Kanda M, Triantafyllopoulou A. Amplification of autoimmune organ damage by NKp46-activated ILC1s. Nature 2024:10.1038/s41586-024-07907-x. [PMID: 39137897 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07907-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
In systemic lupus erythematosus, loss of immune tolerance, autoantibody production and immune complex deposition are required but not sufficient for organ damage1. How inflammatory signals are initiated and amplified in the setting of autoimmunity remains elusive. Here we set out to dissect layers and hierarchies of autoimmune kidney inflammation to identify tissue-specific cellular hubs that amplify autoinflammatory responses. Using high-resolution single-cell profiling of kidney immune and parenchymal cells, in combination with antibody blockade and genetic deficiency, we show that tissue-resident NKp46+ innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are crucial signal amplifiers of disease-associated macrophage expansion and epithelial cell injury in lupus nephritis, downstream of autoantibody production. NKp46 signalling in a distinct subset of group 1 ILCs (ILC1s) instructed an unconventional immune-regulatory transcriptional program, which included the expression of the myeloid cell growth factor CSF2. CSF2 production by NKp46+ ILCs promoted the population expansion of monocyte-derived macrophages. Blockade of the NKp46 receptor (using the antibody clone mNCR1.15; ref. 2) or genetic deficiency of NKp46 abrogated epithelial cell injury. The same cellular and molecular patterns were operative in human lupus nephritis. Our data provide support for the idea that NKp46+ ILC1s promote parenchymal cell injury by granting monocyte-derived macrophages access to epithelial cell niches. NKp46 activation in ILC1s therefore constitutes a previously unrecognized, crucial tissue rheostat that amplifies organ damage in autoimmune hosts, with broad implications for inflammatory pathologies and therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stylianos-Iason Biniaris-Georgallis
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
- German Rheumatology Research Center (DRFZ), A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology (I-MIDI), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tom Aschman
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
- German Rheumatology Research Center (DRFZ), A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology (I-MIDI), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Center -University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Neuropathology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katerina Stergioula
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
- German Rheumatology Research Center (DRFZ), A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology (I-MIDI), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Frauke Schreiber
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
- German Rheumatology Research Center (DRFZ), A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology (I-MIDI), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Vajiheh Jafari
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
- German Rheumatology Research Center (DRFZ), A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology (I-MIDI), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna Taranko
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
- German Rheumatology Research Center (DRFZ), A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology (I-MIDI), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tejal Karmalkar
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
- German Rheumatology Research Center (DRFZ), A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology (I-MIDI), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ana Kasapi
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
- German Rheumatology Research Center (DRFZ), A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology (I-MIDI), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tihana Lenac Rovis
- Center for Proteomics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Vedrana Jelencic
- Center for Proteomics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - David A Bejarano
- Quantitative Systems Biology, Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lea Fabry
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
- German Rheumatology Research Center (DRFZ), A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology (I-MIDI), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michail Papacharalampous
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Center -University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Irene Mattiola
- German Rheumatology Research Center (DRFZ), A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology (I-MIDI), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martina Molgora
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jinchao Hou
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Karolin W Hublitz
- Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology (I-MIDI), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Frederik Heinrich
- German Rheumatology Research Center (DRFZ), A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Pawel Durek
- German Rheumatology Research Center (DRFZ), A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Giannino Patone
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Eric L Lindberg
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Henrike Maatz
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- DZHK, German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Oliver Hölsken
- German Rheumatology Research Center (DRFZ), A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology (I-MIDI), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, BIH Academy, Junior Clinician Scientist Program, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gerhard Krönke
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
- German Rheumatology Research Center (DRFZ), A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Arthur Mortha
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Reinhard E Voll
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Center -University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Anja E Hauser
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
- German Rheumatology Research Center (DRFZ), A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marco Colonna
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kevin Thurley
- German Rheumatology Research Center (DRFZ), A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
- Biomathematics Division, Institute of Experimental Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreas Schlitzer
- Quantitative Systems Biology, Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Efstathios G Stamatiades
- Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology (I-MIDI), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mir-Farzin Mashreghi
- German Rheumatology Research Center (DRFZ), A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Child and Adolescent Health (DZKJ), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stipan Jonjic
- Center for Proteomics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Norbert Hübner
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- DZHK, German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Diefenbach
- German Rheumatology Research Center (DRFZ), A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany.
- Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology (I-MIDI), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Masatoshi Kanda
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany.
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
| | - Antigoni Triantafyllopoulou
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany.
- German Rheumatology Research Center (DRFZ), A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany.
- Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology (I-MIDI), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany.
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2
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Cruzado JM, Manonelles A, Rayego-Mateos S, Doladé N, Amaya-Garrido A, Varela C, Guiteras R, Mosquera JL, Jung M, Codina S, Martínez-Valenzuela L, Draibe J, Couceiro C, Vigués F, Madrid Á, Florian MC, Ruíz-Ortega M, Sola A. Colony stimulating factor-1 receptor drives glomerular parietal epithelial cell activation in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Kidney Int 2024; 106:67-84. [PMID: 38428734 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2024.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Parietal epithelial cells (PECs) are kidney progenitor cells with similarities to a bone marrow stem cell niche. In focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) PECs become activated and contribute to extracellular matrix deposition. Colony stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1), a hematopoietic growth factor, acts via its specific receptor, CSF-1R, and has been implicated in several glomerular diseases, although its role on PEC activation is unknown. Here, we found that CSF-1R was upregulated in PECs and podocytes in biopsies from patients with FSGS. Through in vitro studies, PECs were found to constitutively express CSF-1R. Incubation with CSF-1 induced CSF-1R upregulation and significant transcriptional regulation of genes involved in pathways associated with PEC activation. Specifically, CSF-1/CSF-1R activated the ERK1/2 signaling pathway and upregulated CD44 in PECs, while both ERK and CSF-1R inhibitors reduced CD44 expression. Functional studies showed that CSF-1 induced PEC proliferation and migration, while reducing the differentiation of PECs into podocytes. These results were validated in the Adriamycin-induced FSGS experimental mouse model. Importantly, treatment with either the CSF-1R-specific inhibitor GW2580 or Ki20227 provided a robust therapeutic effect. Thus, we provide evidence of the role of the CSF-1/CSF-1R pathway in PEC activation in FSGS, paving the way for future clinical studies investigating the therapeutic effect of CSF-1R inhibitors on patients with FSGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josep M Cruzado
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Nephrology, Hospital Universitari Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Manonelles
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital Universitari Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Rayego-Mateos
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain
| | - Núria Doladé
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Amaya-Garrido
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristian Varela
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roser Guiteras
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Mosquera
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Michaela Jung
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sergi Codina
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital Universitari Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Juliana Draibe
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital Universitari Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Couceiro
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Nephrology, Hospital Universitari Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Vigués
- Department of Urology, Hospital Universitari Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Álvaro Madrid
- Pediatric Nephrology Department, Sant Joan de Deu University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Carolina Florian
- Program of Regenerative Medicine, The Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain; Stem Cell Aging Group, Regenerative Medicine Program, The Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; The Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA)
| | - Marta Ruíz-Ortega
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Sola
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
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3
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André C, Bodeau S, Kamel S, Bennis Y, Caillard P. The AKI-to-CKD Transition: The Role of Uremic Toxins. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16152. [PMID: 38003343 PMCID: PMC10671582 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
After acute kidney injury (AKI), renal function continues to deteriorate in some patients. In a pro-inflammatory and profibrotic environment, the proximal tubules are subject to maladaptive repair. In the AKI-to-CKD transition, impaired recovery from AKI reduces tubular and glomerular filtration and leads to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Reduced kidney secretion capacity is characterized by the plasma accumulation of biologically active molecules, referred to as uremic toxins (UTs). These toxins have a role in the development of neurological, cardiovascular, bone, and renal complications of CKD. However, UTs might also cause CKD as well as be the consequence. Recent studies have shown that these molecules accumulate early in AKI and contribute to the establishment of this pro-inflammatory and profibrotic environment in the kidney. The objective of the present work was to review the mechanisms of UT toxicity that potentially contribute to the AKI-to-CKD transition in each renal compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille André
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Amiens Medical Center, 80000 Amiens, France; (S.B.); (Y.B.)
- GRAP Laboratory, INSERM UMR 1247, University of Picardy Jules Verne, 80000 Amiens, France
| | - Sandra Bodeau
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Amiens Medical Center, 80000 Amiens, France; (S.B.); (Y.B.)
- MP3CV Laboratory, UR UPJV 7517, University of Picardy Jules Verne, 80000 Amiens, France; (S.K.); (P.C.)
| | - Saïd Kamel
- MP3CV Laboratory, UR UPJV 7517, University of Picardy Jules Verne, 80000 Amiens, France; (S.K.); (P.C.)
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Amiens Medical Center, 80000 Amiens, France
| | - Youssef Bennis
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Amiens Medical Center, 80000 Amiens, France; (S.B.); (Y.B.)
- MP3CV Laboratory, UR UPJV 7517, University of Picardy Jules Verne, 80000 Amiens, France; (S.K.); (P.C.)
| | - Pauline Caillard
- MP3CV Laboratory, UR UPJV 7517, University of Picardy Jules Verne, 80000 Amiens, France; (S.K.); (P.C.)
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Amiens Medical Center, 80000 Amiens, France
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4
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Tan Z, Hall P, Costin A, Crawford SA, Ramm G, Wong CHY, Kitching AR, Hickey MJ. Removal of the endothelial surface layer via hyaluronidase does not modulate monocyte and neutrophil interactions with the glomerular endothelium. Microcirculation 2023; 30:e12823. [PMID: 37494581 PMCID: PMC10909409 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The endothelial surface layer (ESL), a layer of macromolecules on the surface of endothelial cells, can both impede and facilitate leukocyte recruitment. However, its role in monocyte and neutrophil recruitment in glomerular capillaries is unknown. METHODS We used multiphoton intravital microscopy to examine monocyte and neutrophil behavior in the glomerulus following ESL disruption with hyaluronidase. RESULTS Constitutive retention and migration of monocytes and neutrophils within the glomerular microvasculature was unaltered by hyaluronidase. Consistent with this, inhibition of the hyaluronan-binding molecule CD44 also failed to modulate glomerular trafficking of these immune cells. To investigate the contribution of the ESL during acute inflammation, we induced glomerulonephritis via in situ immune complex deposition. This resulted in increases in glomerular retention of monocytes and neutrophils but did not induce marked reduction in the glomerular ESL. Furthermore, hyaluronidase treatment did not modify the prolonged retention of monocytes and neutrophils in the acutely inflamed glomerular microvasculature. CONCLUSIONS These observations indicate that, despite evidence that the ESL has the capacity to inhibit leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions while also containing adhesive ligands for immune cells, neither of these functions modulate trafficking of monocytes and neutrophils in steady-state or acutely-inflamed glomeruli.
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Affiliation(s)
- ZheHao Tan
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University Department of MedicineMonash Medical CentreClaytonVictoriaAustralia
| | - Pam Hall
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University Department of MedicineMonash Medical CentreClaytonVictoriaAustralia
| | - Adam Costin
- Monash Ramaciotti Centre for Cryo‐Electron MicroscopyMonash UniversityClaytonVictoriaAustralia
| | - Simon A. Crawford
- Monash Ramaciotti Centre for Cryo‐Electron MicroscopyMonash UniversityClaytonVictoriaAustralia
| | - Georg Ramm
- Monash Ramaciotti Centre for Cryo‐Electron MicroscopyMonash UniversityClaytonVictoriaAustralia
| | - Connie H. Y. Wong
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University Department of MedicineMonash Medical CentreClaytonVictoriaAustralia
| | - A. Richard Kitching
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University Department of MedicineMonash Medical CentreClaytonVictoriaAustralia
- Department of NephrologyMonash Medical CentreClaytonVictoriaAustralia
- Department of Pediatric NephrologyMonash Medical CentreClaytonVictoriaAustralia
| | - Michael J. Hickey
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University Department of MedicineMonash Medical CentreClaytonVictoriaAustralia
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5
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Yan M, Li W, Wei R, Li S, Liu Y, Huang Y, Zhang Y, Lu Z, Lu Q. Identification of pyroptosis-related genes and potential drugs in diabetic nephropathy. J Transl Med 2023; 21:490. [PMID: 37480090 PMCID: PMC10360355 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04350-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the serious microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). A growing body of research has demonstrated that the inflammatory state plays a critical role in the incidence and development of DN. Pyroptosis is a new way of programmed cell death, which has the particularity of natural immune inflammation. The inhibition of inflammatory cytokine expression and regulation of pathways related to pyroptosis may be a novel strategy for DN treatment. The aim of this study is to identify pyroptosis-related genes and potential drugs for DN. METHODS DN differentially expressed pyroptosis-related genes were identified via bioinformatic analysis Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset GSE96804. Dataset GSE30528 and GSE142025 were downloaded to verify pyroptosis-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis was used to construct a pyroptosis-related gene predictive model. A consensus clustering analysis was performed to identify pyroptosis-related DN subtypes. Subsequently, Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA), Gene Ontology (GO) function enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were conducted to explore the differences between DN clusters. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was used to select hub genes and DGIdb database was utilized to screen potential therapeutic drugs/compounds targeting hub genes. RESULTS A total of 24 differentially expressed pyroptosis-related genes were identified in DN. A 16 gene predictive model was conducted via LASSO regression analysis. According to the expression level of these 16 genes, DN cases were divided into two subtypes, and the subtypes are mainly associated with inflammation, activation of immune response and cell metabolism. In addition, we identified 10 hub genes among these subtypes, and predicted 65 potential DN therapeutics that target key genes. CONCLUSION We identified two pyroptosis-related DN clusters and 65 potential therapeutical agents/compounds for DN, which might shed a light on the treatment of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, No. 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Wenwen Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Rui Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Shuwen Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yuqian Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yunye Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zihao Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qian Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, No. 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.
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6
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Liu WB, Huang GR, Liu BL, Hu HK, Geng J, Rui HL, Gao C, Huang YJ, Huo GY, Mao JR, Lu CJ, Xu AL. Single cell landscape of parietal epithelial cells in healthy and diseased states. Kidney Int 2023; 104:108-123. [PMID: 37100348 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2023.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
The biology and diversity of glomerular parietal epithelial cells (PECs) are important for understanding podocyte regeneration and crescent formation. Although protein markers have revealed the morphological heterogeneity of PECs, the molecular characteristics of PEC subpopulations remain largely unknown. Here, we performed a comprehensive analysis of PECs using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data. Our analysis identified five distinct PEC subpopulations: PEC-A1, PEC-A2, PEC-A3, PEC-A4 and PEC-B. Among these subpopulations, PEC- A1 and PEC-A2 were characterized as podocyte progenitors while PEC-A4 represented tubular progenitors. Further dynamic signaling network analysis indicated that activation of PEC-A4 and the proliferation of PEC-A3 played pivotal roles in crescent formation. Analyses suggested that upstream signals released by podocytes, immune cells, endothelial cells and mesangial cells serve as pathogenic signals and may be promising intervention targets in crescentic glomerulonephritis. Pharmacological blockade of two such pathogenic signaling targets, proteins Mif and Csf1r, reduced hyperplasia of the PECs and crescent formation in anti-glomerular basement membrane glomerulonephritis murine models. Thus, our study demonstrates that scRNA-seq-based analysis provided valuable insights into the pathology and therapeutic strategies for crescentic glomerulonephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Bin Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Guang-Rui Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Bao-Li Liu
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hai-Kun Hu
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Geng
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Liang Rui
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Gao
- Shunyi Branch, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Jiao Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Gui-Yang Huo
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Rong Mao
- Department of Pathology, Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chuan-Jian Lu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - An-Long Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yatsen University, Guangzhou, China.
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7
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Paul EN, Satish S, Kelur KK, Shetty MS. Glomerular parietal epithelial expression of CD44 in minimal change nephrotic syndrome and primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: A clinico-pathological study. INDIAN J PATHOL MICR 2023; 66:526-532. [PMID: 37530333 DOI: 10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_593_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) are the two common causes of nephrotic syndrome (NS) in both children and adults with overlapping clinical features, but with distinct prognostic and therapeutic implications. The distinction between these relies entirely on histopathology, which can sometimes be difficult. CD44 is expressed by activated parietal epithelial cells, plays a role in matrix deposition and thus in the pathogenesis of FSGS. Aims To assess the expression of CD44 in MCNS and FSGS and to evaluate its association with the known clinical and histopathological prognostic factors. Materials and Methods Thirty cases each of MCNS and FSGS were studied. The clinical, laboratory, histopathological, and CD 44 immunohistochemical data were recorded. The findings were analyzed and correlated. A P value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Statistical association was noted between CD44 positivity and serum creatinine (p = 0.031), estimated glomerular filtration rate (p = 0.040), segmental sclerosis (p < 0.001), tubular atrophy (p = 0.027), interstitial fibrosis (p = 0.027), and histological diagnosis (p < 0.001). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive, and negative predictive values were 90%, 76.67%, 79.41% and 88.46%, respectively. Conclusions CD44 immunostain can effectively distinguish MCNS from FSGS. The congruent results of CD44 positivity with known prognostic factors support the possibility of using the CD44 marker as a predictive tool in selecting high-risk patients and offering appropriate therapeutic measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Nithin Paul
- Department of Pathology, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - Suchitha Satish
- Department of Pathology, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - Kiran Krishnamurthy Kelur
- Department of Nephrology, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - Manjunath Sanjeev Shetty
- Department of Nephrology, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore, Karnataka, India
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8
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Romagnani P, Barisoni L. Progenitor hierarchy among parietal epithelial cells depicted at the single-cell level. Kidney Int 2023; 104:33-35. [PMID: 37349059 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2023.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
The role of parietal epithelial cells (PECs) in kidney function and disease was recently revisited. Building on previous studies of human kidney tissue, in the current issue, Liu et al. further characterize PECs using single-cell RNA sequencing data and confirm the crucial pathophysiological role of PECs in murine kidney biology as a reservoir for different types of progenitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Romagnani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Florence, Italy.
| | - Laura Barisoni
- Department of Pathology, Division of AI and Computational Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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9
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Chebotareva N, Vinogradov A, Tsoy L, Varshavskiy V, Stoljarevich E, Bugrova A, Lerner Y, Krasnova T, Biryukova E, Kononikhin AS. CD44 Expression in Renal Tissue Is Associated with an Increase in Urinary Levels of Complement Components in Chronic Glomerulopathies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087190. [PMID: 37108355 PMCID: PMC10138917 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
It is suggested that activated CD44+ cells play a profibrogenic role in the pathogenesis of active glomerulopathies. Complement activation is also involved in renal fibrogenesis. The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of the activation of CD44+ cells in the kidney tissue and complement components' filtration to the urine as factors of renal tissue fibrosis in patients with glomerulopathies. In total, 60 patients with active glomerulopathies were included in our study: 29 patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), 10 patients with minimal change disease (MCD), 10 patients with membranous nephropathy (MN), and 11 patients with IgA nephropathy. The immunohistochemical peroxidase method was used to study the expression of CD44+ in kidney biopsies. Components of complement were analyzed in urine by the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) approach using liquid chromatography. Strong CD44 expression was noted predominantly in PEC and mesangial cells (MC) in patients with FSGS, and to a lesser extent, in patients with MN and IgA nephropathy, and it was absent in patients with MCD. Expression of profibrogenic CD44+ in glomeruli correlated with the levels of proteinuria and complement C2, C3, and C9 components, and CFB and CFI in urine. The CD44+ expression scores in the renal interstitium correlated with the level of C3 and C9 components of complement in the urine and the area of tubulo-interstitial fibrosis. The strongest expression of CD44+ was found in the glomeruli (MC, PEC, and podocytes) of patients with FSGS compared with other glomerulopathies. The CD44 expression score in the glomeruli and interstitium is associated with high levels of complement components in the urine and renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Chebotareva
- Department of Nephrology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Trubezkaya, 8, 119048 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anatoliy Vinogradov
- Institute for Clinical Morphology and Digital Patology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Trubezkaya, 8, 119048 Moscow, Russia
| | - Larisa Tsoy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, GSP-1, Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir Varshavskiy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, GSP-1, Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Stoljarevich
- Morphology Department, Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Delegatskaya Str., 20, 127473 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Bugrova
- Emanuel Institute for Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Science, Kosygina Str., 4, 119334 Moscow, Russia
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, Bld. 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yulia Lerner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, GSP-1, Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatyana Krasnova
- Institute for Clinical Morphology and Digital Patology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Trubezkaya, 8, 119048 Moscow, Russia
| | - Evgeniya Biryukova
- Department of Nephrology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Trubezkaya, 8, 119048 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey S Kononikhin
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, Bld. 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia
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10
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Yang X, Lin C, Liu J, Zhang Y, Deng T, Wei M, Pan S, Lu L, Li X, Tian G, Mi J, Xu F, Yang C. Identification of the regulatory mechanism of ACE2 in COVID-19-induced kidney damage with systems genetics approach. J Mol Med (Berl) 2023; 101:449-460. [PMID: 36951969 PMCID: PMC10034233 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-023-02304-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Studies showed that SARS-CoV-2 can directly target the kidney and induce renal damage. As the cell surface receptor for SARS-CoV-2 infection, the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) plays a pivotal role for renal physiology and function. Thus, it is important to understand ACE2 through which pathway influences the pathogenesis of renal damage induced by COVID-19. In this study, we first performed an eQTL mapping for Ace2 in kidney tissues in 53 BXD mice strains. Results demonstrated that Ace2 is highly expressed and strongly controlled by a genetic locus on chromosome 16 in the kidney, with six genes (Dnase1, Vasn, Usp7, Abat, Mgrn1, and Rbfox1) dominated as the upstream modulator, as they are highly correlated with Ace2 expression. Gene co-expression analysis showed that Ace2 co-variates are significantly involved in the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) pathway which acts as a reno-protector. Importantly, we also found that Ace2 is positively correlated with Pdgf family members, particularly Pdgfc, which showed the most association among the 76 investigated growth factors. Mammalian Phenotype Ontology enrichment indicated that the cognate transcripts for both Ace2 and Pdgfc were mainly involved in regulating renal physiology and morphology. Among which, Cd44, Egfr, Met, Smad3, and Stat3 were identified as hub genes through protein-protein interaction analysis. Finally, in aligning with our systems genetics findings, we found ACE2, pdgf family members, and RAS genes decreased significantly in the CAKI-1 kidney cancer cells treated with S protein and receptor binding domain structural protein. Collectively, our data suggested that ACE2 work with RAS, PDGFC, as well as their cognate hub genes to regulate renal function, which could guide for future clinical prevention and targeted treatment for COVID-19-induced renal damage outcomes. KEY MESSAGES: • Ace2 is highly expressed and strongly controlled by a genetic locus on chromosome 16 in the kidney. • Ace2 co-variates are enriched in the RAS pathway. • Ace2 is strongly correlated with the growth factor Pdgfc. • Ace2 and Pdgfc co-expressed genes involved in the regulation of renal physiology and morphology. • SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein induces down-regulation of Ace2, RAS, and Pdgfc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueling Yang
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Chunhua Lin
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, 264008, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Tingzhi Deng
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Mengna Wei
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Shuijing Pan
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Xuri Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, China
| | - Geng Tian
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Jia Mi
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, Yantai, 264003, China.
| | - Fuyi Xu
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, Yantai, 264003, China.
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA.
| | - Chunhua Yang
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, Yantai, 264003, China.
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11
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Bhargava R, Li H, Tsokos GC. Pathogenesis of lupus nephritis: the contribution of immune and kidney resident cells. Curr Opin Rheumatol 2023; 35:107-116. [PMID: 35797522 DOI: 10.1097/bor.0000000000000887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Lupus nephritis is associated with significant mortality and morbidity. We lack effective therapeutics and biomarkers mostly because of our limited understanding of its complex pathogenesis. We aim to present an overview of the recent advances in the field to gain a deeper understanding of the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in lupus nephritis pathogenesis. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies have identified distinct roles for each resident kidney cell in the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis. Podocytes share many elements of innate and adaptive immune cells and they can present antigens and participate in the formation of crescents in coordination with parietal epithelial cells. Mesangial cells produce pro-inflammatory cytokines and secrete extracellular matrix contributing to glomerular fibrosis. Tubular epithelial cells modulate the milieu of the interstitium to promote T cell infiltration and formation of tertiary lymphoid organs. Modulation of specific genes in kidney resident cells can ward off the effectors of the autoimmune response including autoantibodies, cytokines and immune cells. SUMMARY The development of lupus nephritis is multifactorial involving genetic susceptibility, environmental triggers and systemic inflammation. However, the role of resident kidney cells in the development of lupus nephritis is becoming more defined and distinct. More recent studies point to the restoration of kidney resident cell function using cell targeted approaches to prevent and treat lupus nephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhea Bhargava
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard, Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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12
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Jia T, Xu T, Smeets B, Buhl EM, Moeller MJ, Floege J, Klinkhammer BM, Boor P. The Role of Platelet-Derived Growth Factor in Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis. J Am Soc Nephrol 2023; 34:241-257. [PMID: 36351762 PMCID: PMC10103089 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2022040491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND FSGS is the final common pathway to nephron loss in most forms of severe or progressive glomerular injury. Although podocyte injury initiates FSGS, parietal epithelial cells (PECs) are the main effectors. Because PDGF takes part in fibrotic processes, we hypothesized that the ligand PDGF-B and its receptor PDGFR- β participate in the origin and progression of FSGS. METHODS We challenged Thy1.1 transgenic mice, which express Thy1.1 in the podocytes, with anti-Thy1.1 antibody to study the progression of FSGS. We investigated the role of PDGF in FSGS using challenged Thy1.1 mice, 5/6 nephrectomized mice, Col4 -/- (Alport) mice, patient kidney biopsies, and primary murine PECs, and challenged Thy1.1 mice treated with neutralizing anti-PDGF-B antibody therapy. RESULTS The unchallenged Thy1.1 mice developed only mild spontaneous FSGS, whereas challenged mice developed progressive FSGS accompanied by a decline in kidney function. PEC activation, proliferation, and profibrotic phenotypic switch drove the FSGS. During disease, PDGF-B was upregulated in podocytes, whereas PDGFR- β was upregulated in PECs from both mice and patients with FSGS. Short- and long-term treatment with PDGF-B neutralizing antibody improved kidney function and reduced FSGS, PEC proliferation, and profibrotic activation. In vitro , stimulation of primary murine PECs with PDGF-B recapitulated in vivo findings with PEC activation and proliferation, which was inhibited by PDGF-B antibody or imatinib. CONCLUSION PDGF-B-PDGFR- β molecular crosstalk between podocytes and PECs drives glomerulosclerosis and the progression of FSGS. PODCAST This article contains a podcast at.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Jia
- Institute of Pathology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Tong Xu
- Institute of Pathology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Bart Smeets
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Eva Miriam Buhl
- Electron Microscopy Facility, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Marcus Johannes Moeller
- Department of Nephrology and Immunology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
- Heisenberg Chair for Preventive and Translational Nephrology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Floege
- Department of Nephrology and Immunology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Barbara Mara Klinkhammer
- Institute of Pathology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Immunology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Peter Boor
- Institute of Pathology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
- Electron Microscopy Facility, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Immunology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
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13
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Oszwald A, Mejía-Pedroza RA, Schachner H, Aigner C, Rees A, Kain R. Digital Spatial Profiling of Glomerular Gene Expression in Pauci-Immune Focal Necrotizing Glomerulonephritis. KIDNEY360 2023; 4:83-91. [PMID: 36700908 PMCID: PMC10101620 DOI: 10.34067/kid.000461202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Pauci-immune focal necrotizing glomerulonephritis (piFNGN) involves asynchronous onset and progression of injurious lesions in biopsies. Pathologists can describe this heterogeneity within a biopsy, but translating the information into prognostic or expression analyses is challenging. Understanding the underlying molecular processes could improve treatment; however, bulk or single-cell transcriptomic analyses of dissociated tissue disregard the heterogeneity of glomerular injury. We characterize protein and mRNA expression of individual glomeruli in 20 biopsies from 18 patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated piFNGN using the NanoString digital spatial profiling (DSP) platform. For this purpose, circular annotations of glomeruli were analyzed using protein, immuno-oncology RNA, and Cancer Transcriptome Atlas panels (n=120, 72, and 48 glomeruli, respectively). Histologic evaluation of glomerular patterns of injury was performed in adjacent serial sections. Expression data were processed by log2 transformation, quantile normalization, and batch adjustment. DSP revealed distinct but overlapping gene expression profiles relating to the morphological evolution of injurious lesions, including dynamic expression of various immune checkpoint regulators. Enrichment analysis indicated deregulated pathways that underline known and highlight novel potential mechanisms of disease. Moreover, by capturing individual glomeruli, DSP describes heterogeneity between and within biopsies. We demonstrate the benefit of spatial profiling for characterization of heterogeneous glomerular injury, indicating novel molecular correlates of glomerular injury in piFNGN.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Oszwald
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Helga Schachner
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christof Aigner
- Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrew Rees
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Renate Kain
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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14
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Huang Y, Zhao X, Zhang Q, Yang X, Hou G, Peng C, Jia M, Zhou L, Yamamoto T, Zheng J. Novel therapeutic perspectives for crescentic glomerulonephritis through targeting parietal epithelial cell activation and proliferation. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2023; 27:55-69. [PMID: 36738160 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2023.2177534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Kidney injury is clinically classified as crescentic glomerulonephritis (CrGN) when ≥50% of the glomeruli in a biopsy sample contain crescentic lesions. However, current strategies, such as systemic immunosuppressive therapy and plasmapheresis for CrGN, are partially effective, and these drugs have considerable systemic side effects. Hence, targeted therapy to prevent glomerular crescent formation and expansion remains an unmet clinical need. AREAS COVERED Hyperproliferative parietal epithelial cells (PECs) are the main constituent cells of the glomerular crescent with cell-tracing evidence. Crescents obstruct the flow of primary urine, pressure the capillaries, and degenerate the affected nephrons. We reviewed the markers of PEC activation and proliferation, potential therapeutic effects of thrombin and thrombin receptor inhibitors, and how podocytes cross-talk with PECs. These experiments may help identify potential early specific targets for the prevention and treatment of glomerular crescentic injury. EXPERT OPINION Inhibiting PEC activation and proliferation in CrGN can alleviate glomerular crescent progression, which has been supported by preclinical studies with evidence of genetic deletion. Clarifying the outcome of PEC transformation to the podocyte phenotype and suppressing thrombin, thrombin receptors, and PEC hyperproliferation in early therapeutic strategies will be the research goals in the next ten years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjie Huang
- School of Pediatric Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xueru Zhao
- School of Pediatric Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Qiushuang Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoqing Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Gailing Hou
- School of Pediatric Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Chaoqun Peng
- School of Pediatric Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Mengzhen Jia
- School of Pediatric Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Li Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tatsuo Yamamoto
- Department of Nephrology, Fujieda Municipal General Hospital, 4-1-11 Surugadai, Fujieda, Japan
| | - Jian Zheng
- Institute of Pediatrics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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15
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Melica ME, Antonelli G, Semeraro R, Angelotti ML, Lugli G, Landini S, Ravaglia F, La Regina G, Conte C, De Chiara L, Peired AJ, Mazzinghi B, Donati M, Molli A, Steiger S, Magi A, Bartalucci N, Raglianti V, Guzzi F, Maggi L, Annunziato F, Burger A, Lazzeri E, Anders HJ, Lasagni L, Romagnani P. Differentiation of crescent-forming kidney progenitor cells into podocytes attenuates severe glomerulonephritis in mice. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabg3277. [PMID: 35947676 PMCID: PMC7614034 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abg3277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Crescentic glomerulonephritis is characterized by vascular necrosis and parietal epithelial cell hyperplasia in the space surrounding the glomerulus, resulting in the formation of crescents. Little is known about the molecular mechanisms driving this process. Inducing crescentic glomerulonephritis in two Pax2Cre reporter mouse models revealed that crescents derive from clonal expansion of single immature parietal epithelial cells. Preemptive and delayed histone deacetylase inhibition with panobinostat, a drug used to treat hematopoietic stem cell disorders, attenuated crescentic glomerulonephritis with recovery of kidney function in the two mouse models. Three-dimensional confocal microscopy and stimulated emission depletion superresolution imaging of mouse glomeruli showed that, in addition to exerting an anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effect, panobinostat induced differentiation of an immature hyperplastic parietal epithelial cell subset into podocytes, thereby restoring the glomerular filtration barrier. Single-cell RNA sequencing of human renal progenitor cells in vitro identified an immature stratifin-positive cell subset and revealed that expansion of this stratifin-expressing progenitor cell subset was associated with a poor outcome in human crescentic glomerulonephritis. Treatment of human parietal epithelial cells in vitro with panobinostat attenuated stratifin expression in renal progenitor cells, reduced their proliferation, and promoted their differentiation into podocytes. These results offer mechanistic insights into the formation of glomerular crescents and demonstrate that selective targeting of renal progenitor cells can attenuate crescent formation and the deterioration of kidney function in crescentic glomerulonephritis in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elena Melica
- Excellence Centre for Research, Transfer and High Education for the development of DE NOVO Therapies (DENOTHE), University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy,Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio,” University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Giulia Antonelli
- Excellence Centre for Research, Transfer and High Education for the development of DE NOVO Therapies (DENOTHE), University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy,Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio,” University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Roberto Semeraro
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Lucia Angelotti
- Excellence Centre for Research, Transfer and High Education for the development of DE NOVO Therapies (DENOTHE), University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy,Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio,” University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Gianmarco Lugli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio,” University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy,Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children’s Hospital, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Samuela Landini
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children’s Hospital, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Fiammetta Ravaglia
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio,” University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Gilda La Regina
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio,” University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Carolina Conte
- Excellence Centre for Research, Transfer and High Education for the development of DE NOVO Therapies (DENOTHE), University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy,Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio,” University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Letizia De Chiara
- Excellence Centre for Research, Transfer and High Education for the development of DE NOVO Therapies (DENOTHE), University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy,Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio,” University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Anna Julie Peired
- Excellence Centre for Research, Transfer and High Education for the development of DE NOVO Therapies (DENOTHE), University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy,Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio,” University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Benedetta Mazzinghi
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children’s Hospital, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Marta Donati
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children’s Hospital, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Alice Molli
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children’s Hospital, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Stefanie Steiger
- Division of Nephrology, Medizinische Klinik and Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der LMU München, Munich 80336, Germany
| | - Alberto Magi
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Niccolò Bartalucci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, CRIMM, Center Research and Innovation of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms, AOUC, University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Valentina Raglianti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio,” University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy,Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children’s Hospital, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Francesco Guzzi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio,” University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy,Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children’s Hospital, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Laura Maggi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alexa Burger
- Section of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Elena Lazzeri
- Excellence Centre for Research, Transfer and High Education for the development of DE NOVO Therapies (DENOTHE), University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy,Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio,” University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Hans-Joachim Anders
- Division of Nephrology, Medizinische Klinik and Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der LMU München, Munich 80336, Germany
| | - Laura Lasagni
- Excellence Centre for Research, Transfer and High Education for the development of DE NOVO Therapies (DENOTHE), University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy,Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio,” University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy,Corresponding authors. and
| | - Paola Romagnani
- Excellence Centre for Research, Transfer and High Education for the development of DE NOVO Therapies (DENOTHE), University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy,Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio,” University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy,Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children’s Hospital, Florence 50139, Italy,Corresponding authors. and
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16
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Crescents in primary glomerulonephritis: a pattern of injury with dissimilar actors. A pathophysiologic perspective. Pediatr Nephrol 2022; 37:1205-1214. [PMID: 34312722 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-021-05199-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Cellular crescents are defined as two or more layers of proliferating cells in Bowman's space and are a hallmark of inflammatory active glomerulonephritis and a histologic marker of severe glomerular injury. In general, the percentage of glomeruli that exhibit crescents correlates with the severity of kidney failure and other clinical manifestations of nephritic syndrome. In general, a predominance of active crescents is associated with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis and a poor outcome. The duration and potential reversibility of the underlying disease correspond with the relative predominance of cellular or fibrous components in the crescents, the initial location of the immunologic insult inside the glomerulus, and the sort of involved cells and inflammatory mediators. However, the presence of active crescents may not have the same degree of significance in the different types of glomerulopathies. The pathophysiology of parietal cell proliferation may have dissimilar origins, underscoring the fact that the resultant crescents are a non-specific morphological pattern of glomerular injury with different implications in clinical prognosis in the scope of glomerular diseases.
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17
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CD44-fibrinogen binding promotes bleeding in acute promyelocytic leukemia by in situ fibrin(ogen) deposition. Blood Adv 2022; 6:4617-4633. [PMID: 35511736 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2022006980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Early haemorrhagic death is still the main obstacle for the successful treatment of acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL). However, the mechanisms underlying haemostatic perturbations in APL have not been fully elucidated. Here, we report that CD44 on the membrane of APL blasts and NB4 cells ligated bound fibrinogen, resulting in in situ deposition of fibrin and abnormal fibrin distribution. Clots formed by leukaemic cells in response to CD44 and fibrinogen interaction exhibited low permeability and resistance to fibrinolysis. Using flow cytometry and confocal microscopy, we found that CD44 was also involved in platelet and leukaemic cell adhesion. CD44 bound activated platelets but not resting platelets through interaction with P-selectin. APL cell-coated fibrinogen-activated platelets directly induce enhanced procoagulant activity of platelets. In vivo studies revealed that CD44 knockdown shortened bleeding time, increased the level of fibrinogen, and elevated the number of platelets by approximately 2-fold in an APL mouse model. Moreover, CD44 expression on leukaemic cells in an APL mouse model was not only associated with bleeding complications but was also related to the wound healing process and the survival time of APL mice. Collectively, our results suggest that CD44 may be a potential intervention target for preventing bleeding complications in APL.
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18
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Ye L, Liu Y, Zhu X, Duan T, Wang C, Fu X, Song P, Yuan S, Liu H, Sun L, Liu F, Lee K, He JC, Chen A. Digital Spatial Profiling of Individual Glomeruli From Patients With Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Autoantibody-Associated Glomerulonephritis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:831253. [PMID: 35309370 PMCID: PMC8924137 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.831253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously showed that the rupture of Bowman’s capsule (BC) promotes the progression of crescentic glomerulonephritis by enhancing the entry of CD8+ T cells into the glomeruli. In the present study, we utilized digital spatial profiling to simultaneously profile the altered abundances of the messenger RNA (mRNA) transcripts and proteins in the glomerular and periglomerular areas of four biopsy samples of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody-associated glomerulonephritis (ANCA-GN) and two biopsy specimens of minimal change disease (MCD) controls. The paraffin-embedded biopsy samples were stained with collagen IV, CD45, and SYTO 13 to distinguish the glomeruli with periglomerular infiltration but intact BC, with focal BC rupture, and with extensive rupture of BC and glomeruli without crescent formation and leukocytic infiltration in ANCA-GN. By assessing multiple discrete glomerular areas, we found that the transcript expression levels of the secreted phosphoprotein-1 and its receptor CD44 were upregulated significantly in the glomeruli with more severe ruptures of BC, and their expression levels correlated positively with the fibrotic markers. We also found that both alternative and classic complement pathways were activated in the glomeruli from patients with ANCA-GN. Furthermore, M1 macrophages were involved mostly in the early stage of BC rupture, while M2 macrophages were involved in the late stage and may contribute to the fibrosis process of the crescents. Finally, loss of glomerular cells in ANCA-GN was likely mediated by apoptosis. Our results show that digital spatial profiling allows the comparative analysis of the mRNA and protein profiles in individual glomeruli affected differently by the disease process and the identification of potential novel mechanisms in ANCA-GN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Ye
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Institute of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Institute of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xuejing Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Institute of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tongyue Duan
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Institute of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chang Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Institute of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao Fu
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Institute of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Panai Song
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Institute of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuguang Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Institute of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Institute of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Institute of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fuyou Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Institute of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kyung Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - John Cijiang He
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.,Renal Program, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center at Bronx, New York, NY, United States
| | - Anqun Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Institute of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha, China
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19
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Kaul A, Singampalli KL, Parikh UM, Yu L, Keswani SG, Wang X. Hyaluronan, a double-edged sword in kidney diseases. Pediatr Nephrol 2022; 37:735-744. [PMID: 34009465 PMCID: PMC8960635 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-021-05113-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Over the years, hyaluronic acid (HA) has emerged as an important molecule in nephrological and urological studies involving extracellular matrix (ECM) organization, inflammation, tissue regeneration, and viral sensing. During this time, many have noted the perplexing double-edged nature of the molecule, at times promoting pro-fibrotic events and at other times promoting anti-fibrotic events. Different molecular weights of HA can be attributed to these disparities, though most studies have yet to focus on this subtlety. With regard to the kidney, HA is induced in the initial response phase of injury and is subsequently decreased during disease progression of AKI, CKD, and diabetic nephropathy. These and other kidney diseases force patients, particularly pediatric patients, to face dialysis, surgical procedures, and ultimately, transplant. To summarize the current literature for researchers and pediatric nephrologists, this review aims to expound HA and elucidate its paradoxical effects in multiple kidney diseases using studies that emphasize HA molecular weight when available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Kaul
- Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital/Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Kavya L Singampalli
- Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital/Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, 77030, TX, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, 77030, TX, USA
| | - Umang M Parikh
- Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital/Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ling Yu
- Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital/Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Sundeep G Keswani
- Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital/Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital/Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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20
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Li ZH, Guo XY, Quan XY, Yang C, Liu ZJ, Su HY, An N, Liu HF. The Role of Parietal Epithelial Cells in the Pathogenesis of Podocytopathy. Front Physiol 2022; 13:832772. [PMID: 35360248 PMCID: PMC8963495 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.832772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Podocytopathy is the most common feature of glomerular disorder characterized by podocyte injury- or dysfunction-induced excessive proteinuria, which ultimately develops into glomerulosclerosis and results in persistent loss of renal function. Due to the lack of self-renewal ability of podocytes, mild podocyte depletion triggers replacement and repair processes mostly driven by stem cells or resident parietal epithelial cells (PECs). In contrast, when podocyte recovery fails, activated PECs contribute to the establishment of glomerular lesions. Increasing evidence suggests that PECs, more than just bystanders, have a crucial role in various podocytopathies, including minimal change disease, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, membranous nephropathy, diabetic nephropathy, IgA nephropathy, and lupus podocytopathy. In this review, we attempt to dissect the diverse role of PECs in the pathogenesis of podocytopathy based on currently available information.
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21
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Ravaglia F, Melica ME, Angelotti ML, De Chiara L, Romagnani P, Lasagni L. The Pathology Lesion Patterns of Podocytopathies: How and why? Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:838272. [PMID: 35281116 PMCID: PMC8907833 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.838272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Podocytopathies are a group of proteinuric glomerular disorders driven by primary podocyte injury that are associated with a set of lesion patterns observed on kidney biopsy, i.e., minimal changes, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, diffuse mesangial sclerosis and collapsing glomerulopathy. These unspecific lesion patterns have long been considered as independent disease entities. By contrast, recent evidence from genetics and experimental studies demonstrated that they represent signs of repeated injury and repair attempts. These ongoing processes depend on the type, length, and severity of podocyte injury, as well as on the ability of parietal epithelial cells to drive repair. In this review, we discuss the main pathology patterns of podocytopathies with a focus on the cellular and molecular response of podocytes and parietal epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Elena Melica
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Lucia Angelotti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Letizia De Chiara
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Paola Romagnani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Nephrology Unit, Meyer Children’s Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Lasagni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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22
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Molecular Mechanisms of Kidney Injury and Repair. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031542. [PMID: 35163470 PMCID: PMC8835923 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) will become the fifth global cause of death by 2040, thus emphasizing the need to better understand the molecular mechanisms of damage and regeneration in the kidney. CKD predisposes to acute kidney injury (AKI) which, in turn, promotes CKD progression. This implies that CKD or the AKI-to-CKD transition are associated with dysfunctional kidney repair mechanisms. Current therapeutic options slow CKD progression but fail to treat or accelerate recovery from AKI and are unable to promote kidney regeneration. Unraveling the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in kidney injury and repair, including the failure of this process, may provide novel biomarkers and therapeutic tools. We now review the contribution of different molecular and cellular events to the AKI-to-CKD transition, focusing on the role of macrophages in kidney injury, the different forms of regulated cell death and necroinflammation, cellular senescence and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SAPS), polyploidization, and podocyte injury and activation of parietal epithelial cells. Next, we discuss key contributors to repair of kidney injury and opportunities for their therapeutic manipulation, with a focus on resident renal progenitor cells, stem cells and their reparative secretome, certain macrophage subphenotypes within the M2 phenotype and senescent cell clearance.
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23
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Li Z, Feng J, Zhong J, Lu M, Gao X, Zhang Y. Screening of the Key Genes and Signalling Pathways for Diabetic Nephropathy Using Bioinformatics Analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:864407. [PMID: 35923621 PMCID: PMC9340545 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.864407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to identify biological markers for diabetic nephropathy (DN) and explore their underlying mechanisms. METHODS Four datasets, GSE30528, GSE47183, GSE104948, and GSE96804, were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using the "limma" package, and the "RobustRankAggreg" package was used to screen the overlapping DEGs. The hub genes were identified using cytoHubba of Cytoscape. Logistic regression analysis was used to further analyse the hub genes, followed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to predict the diagnostic effectiveness of the hub genes. Correlation analysis and enrichment analysis of the hub genes were performed to identify the potential functions of the hub genes involved in DN. RESULTS In total, 55 DEGs, including 38 upregulated and 17 downregulated genes, were identified from the three datasets. Four hub genes (FN1, CD44, C1QB, and C1QA) were screened out by the "UpSetR" package, and FN1 was identified as a key gene for DN by logistic regression analysis. Correlation analysis and enrichment analysis showed that FN1 was positively correlated with four genes (COL6A3, COL1A2, THBS2, and CD44) and with the development of DN through the extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction pathway. CONCLUSIONS We identified four candidate genes: FN1, C1QA, C1QB, and CD44. On further investigating the biological functions of FN1, we showed that FN1 was positively correlated with THBS2, COL1A2, COL6A3, and CD44 and involved in the development of DN through the ECM-receptor interaction pathway. THBS2, COL1A2, COL6A3, and CD44 may be novel biomarkers and target therapeutic candidates for DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zukai Li
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Huadu Hospital, Southern Medical University (People’s Hospital of Huadu District), Guangzhou, China
| | - Junxia Feng
- The Central Laboratory, Affiliated Huadu Hospital, Southern Medical University (People’s Hospital of Huadu District), Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinting Zhong
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meizhi Lu
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Huadu Hospital, Southern Medical University (People’s Hospital of Huadu District), Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuejuan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes and Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunfang Zhang
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Huadu Hospital, Southern Medical University (People’s Hospital of Huadu District), Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yunfang Zhang,
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24
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Miesen L, Bándi P, Willemsen B, Mooren F, Strieder T, Boldrini E, Drenic V, Eymael J, Wetzels R, Lotz J, Weiss N, Steenbergen E, van Kuppevelt TH, van Erp M, van der Laak J, Endlich N, Moeller MJ, Wetzels JF, Jansen J, Smeets B. Parietal epithelial cells maintain the epithelial cell continuum forming Bowman's space in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Dis Model Mech 2021; 15:273803. [PMID: 34927672 PMCID: PMC8938403 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.046342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In the glomerulus, Bowman's space is formed by a continuum of glomerular epithelial cells. In focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), glomeruli show segmental scarring, a result of activated parietal epithelial cells (PECs) invading the glomerular tuft. The segmental scars interrupt the epithelial continuum. However, non-sclerotic segments seem to be preserved even in glomeruli with advanced lesions. We studied the histology of the segmental pattern in Munich Wistar Frömter rats, a model for secondary FSGS. Our results showed that matrix layers lined with PECs cover the sclerotic lesions. These PECs formed contacts with podocytes of the uninvolved tuft segments, restoring the epithelial continuum. Formed Bowman's spaces were still connected to the tubular system. In biopsies of patients with secondary FSGS, we also detected matrix layers formed by PECs, separating the uninvolved from the sclerotic glomerular segments. PECs have a major role in the formation of glomerulosclerosis; we show here that in FSGS they also restore the glomerular epithelial cell continuum that surrounds Bowman's space. This process may be beneficial and indispensable for glomerular filtration in the uninvolved segments of sclerotic glomeruli. Summary: Histological analysis of rat and human kidneys reveals a novel role for parietal epithelial cells (PECs) in glomerulosclerosis. PECs seem to restore the glomerular epithelial continuum, which may avert further loss of glomerular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Miesen
- Department of Pathology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Péter Bándi
- Department of Pathology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Brigith Willemsen
- Department of Pathology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Fieke Mooren
- Department of Pathology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Thiago Strieder
- Division of Nephrology and Immunology, University hospital of the RWTH Aachen, Germany
| | - Eva Boldrini
- Department of Pathology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Jennifer Eymael
- Department of Pathology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Roy Wetzels
- Department of Pathology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Johannes Lotz
- Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Nick Weiss
- Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Eric Steenbergen
- Department of Pathology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Toin H. van Kuppevelt
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Merijn van Erp
- Department of Pathology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen van der Laak
- Department of Pathology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Nicole Endlich
- NIPOKA GmbH, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Medicine Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Marcus J. Moeller
- Division of Nephrology and Immunology, University hospital of the RWTH Aachen, Germany
| | - Jack F.M. Wetzels
- Department of Nephrology, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud univerity medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jitske Jansen
- Department of Pathology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Bart Smeets
- Department of Pathology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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25
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Sun K, Xie Q, Hao CM. Mechanisms of Scarring in Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis. KIDNEY DISEASES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 7:350-358. [PMID: 34604342 PMCID: PMC8443927 DOI: 10.1159/000517108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a histologic pattern characterized by focal glomerular scarring, which often progresses to systemic and diffuse glomerulosclerosis. Previous studies have emphasized that the initiation of classic FSGS occurs in podocytes. The dysfunction and loss of podocytes have been associated with the development of proteinuria and the progression of various diseases. In addition, primary, secondary, and genetic FSGS are caused by different mechanisms of podocyte injury. SUMMARY The potential sources and mechanism of podocyte supplementation are the focus of our current research. Increasing attention has been paid to the role played by parietal epithelial cells (PECs) during the progression of FSGS. PECs are not only the primary influencing factors in glomerulosclerosis lesions but also have repair abilities, which remain a focus of debate. Notably, other resident glomerular cells also play significant roles in the progression of this disease. KEY MESSAGE In this review, we focus on the mechanism of scarring in FSGS and discuss current and potential therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Sun
- Division of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qionghong Xie
- Division of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuan-Ming Hao
- Division of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Nephrology Division, Vanderbilt University Medical Center School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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26
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Parietal epithelial cell dysfunction in crescentic glomerulonephritis. Cell Tissue Res 2021; 385:345-354. [PMID: 34453566 PMCID: PMC8523405 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-021-03513-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Crescentic glomerulonephritis represents a group of kidney diseases characterized by rapid loss of kidney function and the formation of glomerular crescents. While the role of the immune system has been extensively studied in relation to the development of crescents, recent findings show that parietal epithelial cells play a key role in the pathophysiology of crescent formation, even in the absence of immune modulation. This review highlights our current understanding of parietal epithelial cell biology and the reported physiological and pathological roles that these cells play in glomerular lesion formation, especially in the context of crescentic glomerulonephritis.
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Interplay between extracellular matrix components and cellular and molecular mechanisms in kidney fibrosis. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 135:1999-2029. [PMID: 34427291 DOI: 10.1042/cs20201016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by pathological accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in renal structures. Tubulointerstitial fibrosis is observed in glomerular diseases as well as in the regeneration failure of acute kidney injury (AKI). Therefore, finding antifibrotic therapies comprises an intensive research field in Nephrology. Nowadays, ECM is not only considered as a cellular scaffold, but also exerts important cellular functions. In this review, we describe the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in kidney fibrosis, paying particular attention to ECM components, profibrotic factors and cell-matrix interactions. In response to kidney damage, activation of glomerular and/or tubular cells may induce aberrant phenotypes characterized by overproduction of proinflammatory and profibrotic factors, and thus contribute to CKD progression. Among ECM components, matricellular proteins can regulate cell-ECM interactions, as well as cellular phenotype changes. Regarding kidney fibrosis, one of the most studied matricellular proteins is cellular communication network-2 (CCN2), also called connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), currently considered as a fibrotic marker and a potential therapeutic target. Integrins connect the ECM proteins to the actin cytoskeleton and several downstream signaling pathways that enable cells to respond to external stimuli in a coordinated manner and maintain optimal tissue stiffness. In kidney fibrosis, there is an increase in ECM deposition, lower ECM degradation and ECM proteins cross-linking, leading to an alteration in the tissue mechanical properties and their responses to injurious stimuli. A better understanding of these complex cellular and molecular events could help us to improve the antifibrotic therapies for CKD.
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Establishment and characterization of a novel conditionally immortalized human parietal epithelial cell line. Exp Cell Res 2021; 405:112712. [PMID: 34181939 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Parietal epithelial cells (PECs) are epithelial cells in the kidney, surrounding Bowman's space. When activated, PECs increase in cell volume, proliferate, migrate to the glomerular tuft and excrete extracellular matrix. Activated PECs are crucially involved in the formation of sclerotic lesions, seen in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). In FSGS, a number of glomeruli show segmental sclerotic lesions. Further disease progression will lead to increasing number of involved glomeruli and gradual destruction of the affected glomeruli. Although the involvement of PECs in FSGS has been acknowledged, little is known about the molecular processes driving PEC activation. To get more insights in this process, accurate in vivo and in vitro models are needed. Here, we describe the development and characterization of a novel conditionally immortalized human PEC (ciPEC) line. We demonstrated that ciPECs are differentiated when grown under growth-restrictive conditions and express important PEC-specific markers, while lacking podocyte and endothelial markers. In addition, ciPECs showed PEC-like morphology and responded to IL-1β treatment. We therefore conclude that we have successfully generated a novel PEC line, which can be used for future studies on the role of PECs in FSGS.
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The severity of glomerular endothelial cell injury is associated with infiltrating macrophage heterogeneity in endocapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13339. [PMID: 34172770 PMCID: PMC8233400 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92655-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Endocapillary proliferation occurs in various types of glomerulonephritis (GN), with varying prognoses. We examined 42 renal biopsy samples representing endocapillary proliferative lesions from post-streptococcal acute GN (PSAGN), Henoch–Schönlein purpura nephritis (HSPN), and lupus nephritis (LN). In PSAGN, the glomerular capillary network was maintained, although severe lesions displayed dots or short, curved lines, indicating CD34-positive capillaries and suggesting capillary obstruction. Conversely, patients with LN and HSPN displayed obstruction of CD34-positive capillaries with dissociation from the glomerular basement membrane even in mild lesions. According to computer-assisted morphologic analysis, the cell density did not differ between the diseases. However, in PSAGN, the number of capillary loops was significantly increased, with a larger glomerular capillary luminal area than in the other groups. In addition, the number and frequency of CD163-positive cells (M2 macrophages) tended to be higher in PSAGN, while there were no significant differences in the number of CD68-positive (total) macrophages. These results indicate that in PSAGN, endothelial cell damage is less severe, and angiogenesis may be promoted. The severity of endothelial cell injury in each disease may be associated with differences in infiltrating inflammatory cell phenotypes.
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Otani Y, Ichii O, Masum MA, Namba T, Nakamura T, Kon Y. Castrated autoimmune glomerulonephritis mouse model shows attenuated glomerular sclerosis with altered parietal epithelial cell phenotype. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2021; 246:1318-1329. [PMID: 33641441 PMCID: PMC8371302 DOI: 10.1177/1535370221996010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sex hormones help in maintaining proper immunity as well as renal homeostasis in mammals, and these multi-functional properties characterize the onset of sex-dependent diseases. To clarify the contribution of sex hormones to autoimmune disease-related renal pathogenesis, BXSB/MpJ-Yaa was investigated as a murine autoimmune glomerulonephritis model. BXSB/MpJ-Yaa and its wild-type, BXSB/MpJ-Yaa+ were castrated or sham-operated at three weeks and examined until six months of age. Both castrated strains showed significantly lower serum testosterone levels and body weights than sham-operated mice. Castration did not change the disease phenotypes in BXSB/MpJ-Yaa+. At three months, both sham-operated and castrated BXSB/MpJ-Yaa manifested splenomegaly, autoantibody production, and glomerulonephritis, and castrated BXSB/MpJ-Yaa tended to show heavier spleen weights than the sham-operated group. At six months, both the treated BXSB/MpJ-Yaa showed equivalent autoimmune disease conditions; however, castrated mice clearly showed milder glomerular sclerotic lesions than the sham-operated groups. Urinary albumin excretion in castrated BXSB/MpJ-Yaa was significantly milder than in sham-operated mice at four months, but those of both the treated BXSB/MpJ-Yaa were comparable at six months. The examined renal histopathological indices in parietal epithelial cells were remarkably altered by castration. Briefly, castration decreased the height of parietal epithelial cells and total parietal epithelial cell number in BXSB/MpJ-Yaa at six months. For immunostaining, parietal epithelial cells facing the injured glomeruli of BXSB/MpJ-Yaa expressed CD44, an activated parietal epithelial cell marker, and CD44-positive parietal epithelial cells showed nuclear localization of the androgen receptor and proliferation marker Ki67. CD44- or Ki67-positive parietal epithelial cells were significantly fewer in castrated group than in sham-operated BXSB/MpJ-Yaa at six months. Further, quantitative indices for CD44-positive parietal epithelial cell number and frequency in renal corpuscles positively correlated with glomerular sclerotic severity in BXSB/MpJ-Yaa. In conclusion, androgen seemed to have an effect on both systemic immunity and renal morpho-function; however, the effect on the latter could be more clearly observed in BXSB/MpJ-Yaa, as parietal epithelial cell activation resulted in glomerular sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Otani
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Osamu Ichii
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
- Laboratory of Agrobiomedical Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-8589, Japan
| | - Md. Abdul Masum
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Physiology, Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Takashi Namba
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Teppei Nakamura
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
- Department of Biological Safety Research, Chitose Laboratory, Japan Food Research Laboratories, Hokkaido 066-0052, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kon
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
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Fenaroli P, Rossi GM, Angelotti ML, Antonelli G, Volpi S, Grossi A, Delsante M, Lodi L, Landini S, Romagnani P, Vaglio A. Collapsing Glomerulopathy as a Complication of Type I Interferon-Mediated Glomerulopathy in a Patient With RNASEH2B-Related Aicardi-Goutières Syndrome. Am J Kidney Dis 2021; 78:750-754. [PMID: 33872687 DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2021.02.330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS) is a well-characterized monogenic type I interferonopathy presenting with prominent neurologic manifestations. Among extraneurologic features, renal involvement has been described in only 1 patient with an IFIH1 mutation in whom membranous nephropathy developed. The pathogenic role of augmented interferon (IFN) signaling in tissues other than the central nervous system remains to be elucidated. We report a case of collapsing glomerulopathy in a 15-year-old girl affected by AGS with RNASEH2B mutation (an alanine-to-threonine change at amino acid 177), which led to kidney failure. The patient had no lupus-like features and lacked the APOL1 G1 and G2 risk alleles. Kidney biopsy showed findings consistent with collapsing glomerulopathy. MxA, a protein involved in antiviral immunity and induced by type I IFNs, was selectively expressed in CD133-positive parietal epithelial cells (PECs) but not in podocytes that stained for synaptopodin or in other glomerular cells. MxA also colocalized within pseudocrescents with CD44, a marker of PEC activation involved in cellular proliferation, differentiation, and migration and in glomerular scarring. Our findings suggest that collapsing glomerulopathy can be a complication of the type I interferonopathy AGS and that a constitutively enhanced type I IFN response in CD133-positive PECs can drive collapsing glomerulopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maria Lucia Angelotti
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence
| | - Giulia Antonelli
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence
| | - Stefano Volpi
- Rheumatology Unit, G. Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alice Grossi
- Genetics and Genomics Laboratory for Rare Diseases, G. Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Lorenzo Lodi
- Section of Pediatrics, Department of Health Sciences, Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Firenze, Florence
| | | | - Paola Romagnani
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence; Medical Genetics Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence; Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence
| | - Augusto Vaglio
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence; Medical Genetics Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence; Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence.
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Parietal epithelial cells role in repair versus scarring after glomerular injury. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2021; 29:293-301. [PMID: 32235272 DOI: 10.1097/mnh.0000000000000600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The recent years have been marked by the publication of several articles highlighting the pathophysiological role of glomerular parietal epithelial cells (PEC) and refining their phenotypic heterogeneity. RECENT FINDINGS The present review synthetizes recent findings on (i) the potential regenerative role of PEC in glomerular diseases, and (ii) the mechanisms and signaling of leading to PEC pathogenic involvement in crescentic glomerulonephritis (CGN) and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). SUMMARY The debate is still open regarding the podocyte regenerative properties of PEC in glomerular disease, whereas the pathogenic involvement of PEC activation in glomerular disease is increasingly admitted. Recent highlights on the podocyte regenerative role of PEC, on one hand, and on their pathological function, on the other hand, for sure will feed the debate in the kidney community for the next years. Nevertheless, from a therapeutic perspective, the two options, boosting cellular regeneration and blocking PECs pathogenicity, should not be seen as antagonistic but, rather, complementary.
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Kawaguchi T, Hasegawa K, Yasuda I, Muraoka H, Umino H, Tokuyama H, Hashiguchi A, Wakino S, Itoh H. Diabetic condition induces hypertrophy and vacuolization in glomerular parietal epithelial cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1515. [PMID: 33452384 PMCID: PMC7810998 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81027-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is accompanied by characteristic changes in the glomerulus, but little is known about the effect of diabetes on parietal epithelial cells (PECs). In this study, a descriptive analysis of PECs was undertaken in diabetic db/db mice and in diabetic patients. PEC hypertrophy was significantly more prominent in diabetic mice than in nondiabetic mice, and this was evident even at the early stage. Additionally, the number of vacuoles in PECs was markedly increased in diabetic mice, suggesting the presence of cellular injury in PECs in DN. Although rare, binuclear cells were observed in mice with early diabetes. In cultured PECs, a high glucose condition, compared with normal glucose condition, induced cellular hypertrophy and apoptosis. Flow cytometry showed that some PECs in the G0 phase reentered the cell cycle but got arrested in the S phase. Finally, in human diabetic subjects, hypertrophy and vacuolization were observed in the PECs. Our data showed that PECs undergo substantial changes in DN and may participate in rearrangement for differentiation into podocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahisa Kawaguchi
- grid.26091.3c0000 0004 1936 9959Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582 Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Hasegawa
- grid.26091.3c0000 0004 1936 9959Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582 Japan
| | - Itaru Yasuda
- grid.26091.3c0000 0004 1936 9959Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582 Japan
| | - Hirokazu Muraoka
- grid.26091.3c0000 0004 1936 9959Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582 Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Umino
- grid.26091.3c0000 0004 1936 9959Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582 Japan
| | - Hirobumi Tokuyama
- grid.26091.3c0000 0004 1936 9959Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582 Japan
| | - Akinori Hashiguchi
- grid.26091.3c0000 0004 1936 9959Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, 160-8582 Japan
| | - Shu Wakino
- grid.26091.3c0000 0004 1936 9959Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Itoh
- grid.26091.3c0000 0004 1936 9959Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582 Japan
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Molecular Mechanisms of Renal Progenitor Regulation: How Many Pieces in the Puzzle? Cells 2021; 10:cells10010059. [PMID: 33401654 PMCID: PMC7823786 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidneys of mice, rats and humans possess progenitors that maintain daily homeostasis and take part in endogenous regenerative processes following injury, owing to their capacity to proliferate and differentiate. In the glomerular and tubular compartments of the nephron, consistent studies demonstrated that well-characterized, distinct populations of progenitor cells, localized in the parietal epithelium of Bowman capsule and scattered in the proximal and distal tubules, could generate segment-specific cells in physiological conditions and following tissue injury. However, defective or abnormal regenerative responses of these progenitors can contribute to pathologic conditions. The molecular characteristics of renal progenitors have been extensively studied, revealing that numerous classical and evolutionarily conserved pathways, such as Notch or Wnt/β-catenin, play a major role in cell regulation. Others, such as retinoic acid, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, TLR2 (Toll-like receptor 2) and leptin, are also important in this process. In this review, we summarize the plethora of molecular mechanisms directing renal progenitor responses during homeostasis and following kidney injury. Finally, we will explore how single-cell RNA sequencing could bring the characterization of renal progenitors to the next level, while knowing their molecular signature is gaining relevance in the clinic.
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Lazareth H, Lenoir O, Hénique C, Bouzigues C, Boucheix C, Tharaux PL. [De novo expression of tetraspanin CD9 in parietal epithelial cells promotes extracapillary glomerulonephritis]. Med Sci (Paris) 2020; 36:852-855. [PMID: 33026325 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2020154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Lazareth
- Inserm UMRS 970, Paris centre de recherche cardiovasculaire (PARCC), 56 rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France. - Université de Paris, UMRS 970, 56 rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France. - Service de néphrologie, Hôpital européen Georges-Pompidou, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 56 rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France. - Laboratoire d'optique et biosciences, École polytechnique, CNRS UMR7645, Inserm U1182, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Olivia Lenoir
- Inserm UMRS 970, Paris centre de recherche cardiovasculaire (PARCC), 56 rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France. - Université de Paris, UMRS 970, 56 rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Carole Hénique
- Institut Mondor de recherche biomédicale, Inserm U955, équipe 21, Université Paris-est Créteil, 94010 Créteil, France
| | - Cédric Bouzigues
- Laboratoire d'optique et biosciences, École polytechnique, CNRS UMR7645, Inserm U1182, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | | | - Pierre-Louis Tharaux
- Inserm UMRS 970, Paris centre de recherche cardiovasculaire (PARCC), 56 rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France. - Université de Paris, UMRS 970, 56 rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France
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Wei C, He Y, Li T, Hu H, Song H, Qi D, Cheng Y, Chen J, Guan M, Xiao X, Li J. Glomerulosclerosis predicts poor renal outcome in patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy. Int Urol Nephrol 2020; 53:505-514. [PMID: 32960397 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-020-02641-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the association between the proportion of glomerulosclerosis (focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and/or global glomerulosclerosis) and renal prognosis in patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN). METHODS A retrospective analysis performed from January 2008 to December 2017 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University by renal biopsy confirmed 200 patients with IMN, and their clinical pathology and prognosis were compared. Patients were divided into three groups on the basis of glomerular sclerosis proportion tertiles: low (Tertile1 group, proportion of glomerulosclerosis, 0-0%), middle (Tertile2 group, proportion of glomerulosclerosis, 0-5.5%) and high (Tertile3 group, proportion of glomerulosclerosis, 5.8-72.7%) tertiles. The follow-up endpoints were decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) by 20%, end-stage renal disease, and all-cause mortality. RESULTS (1) Both, the Tertile1 and Tertile2, groups had significantly lower albumin level and higher 24-h urine protein level than that in the Tertile3 group. Regarding treatment, as the proportion of glomerulosclerosis increases, a more aggressive treatment with glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants should be provided. (2) Correlation analysis showed that the proportion of glomerulosclerosis was positively associated with age (P < 0.05). However, it was negatively associated with eGFR (P < 0.05). (3) Renal tubular atrophy and renal interstitial inflammatory cell infiltration were considered independent correlative factors for glomerulosclerosis. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that renal survival rate was significantly lower in patients with a proportion of glomerulosclerosis ≥ 6.45% than in patients with a proportion of glomerulosclerosis < 6.45%. Cox regression analysis revealed that as the proportion of glomerulosclerosis increases, the risk of renal outcomes increases gradually. CONCLUSIONS Patients in the Tertile3 (higher proportion of glomerulosclerosis) group had more severe renal pathological damage compared to patients in the Tertile1 and Tertile2 groups. Glomerulosclerosis is a risk factor for renal function progression and poor renal prognosis in patients with IMN. As the proportion of glomerulosclerosis increases, the risk of renal endpoint events increases gradually.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuimei Wei
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, No. 3002 Sungang Road, Futian, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, China.,Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongcheng He
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, China.,Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Tong Li
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, China. .,Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China.
| | - Haofei Hu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, China.,Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Haiying Song
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, China.,Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Dongli Qi
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, China.,Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuan Cheng
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, China.,Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Jia Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, China.,Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Mijie Guan
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, China.,Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaohua Xiao
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, No. 3002 Sungang Road, Futian, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, China.,Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Junyi Li
- Department of Applied Statistics, School of Applied Mathematics, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510643, China
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37
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Merchant ML, Barati MT, Caster DJ, Hata JL, Hobeika L, Coventry S, Brier ME, Wilkey DW, Li M, Rood IM, Deegens JK, Wetzels JF, Larsen CP, Troost JP, Hodgin JB, Mariani LH, Kretzler M, Klein JB, McLeish KR. Proteomic Analysis Identifies Distinct Glomerular Extracellular Matrix in Collapsing Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis. J Am Soc Nephrol 2020; 31:1883-1904. [PMID: 32561683 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2019070696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanisms leading to extracellular matrix (ECM) replacement of areas of glomerular capillaries in histologic variants of FSGS are unknown. This study used proteomics to test the hypothesis that glomerular ECM composition in collapsing FSGS (cFSGS) differs from that of other variants. METHODS ECM proteins in glomeruli from biopsy specimens of patients with FSGS not otherwise specified (FSGS-NOS) or cFSGS and from normal controls were distinguished and quantified using mass spectrometry, verified and localized using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and confocal microscopy, and assessed for gene expression. The analysis also quantified urinary excretion of ECM proteins and peptides. RESULTS Of 58 ECM proteins that differed in abundance between cFSGS and FSGS-NOS, 41 were more abundant in cFSGS and 17 in FSGS-NOS. IHC showed that glomerular tuft staining for cathepsin B, cathepsin C, and annexin A3 in cFSGS was significantly greater than in other FSGS variants, in minimal change disease, or in membranous nephropathy. Annexin A3 colocalized with cathepsin B and C, claudin-1, phosphorylated ERK1/2, and CD44, but not with synaptopodin, in parietal epithelial cells (PECs) infiltrating cFSGS glomeruli. Transcripts for cathepsins B and C were increased in FSGS glomeruli compared with normal controls, and urinary excretion of both cathepsins was significantly greater in cFSGS compared with FSGS-NOS. Urinary excretion of ECM-derived peptides was enhanced in cFSGS, although in silico analysis did not identify enhanced excretion of peptides derived from cathepsin B or C. CONCLUSIONS ECM differences suggest that glomerular sclerosis in cFSGS differs from that in other FSGS variants. Infiltration of activated PECs may disrupt ECM remodeling in cFSGS. These cells and their cathepsins may be therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael L Merchant
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Michelle T Barati
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Dawn J Caster
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Jessica L Hata
- Pathology Department, Norton Children's Hospital, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Liliane Hobeika
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Susan Coventry
- Pathology Department, Norton Children's Hospital, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Michael E Brier
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Daniel W Wilkey
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Ming Li
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Ilse M Rood
- Department of Nephrology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen K Deegens
- Department of Nephrology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jack F Wetzels
- Department of Nephrology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jonathan P Troost
- Michigan Institute for Clinical and Health Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Jeffrey B Hodgin
- Division of Pathology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Laura H Mariani
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Matthias Kretzler
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Jon B Klein
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky.,Robley Rex Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Kenneth R McLeish
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
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Hamatani H, Eng DG, Hiromura K, Pippin JW, Shankland SJ. CD44 impacts glomerular parietal epithelial cell changes in the aged mouse kidney. Physiol Rep 2020; 8:e14487. [PMID: 32597007 PMCID: PMC7322268 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
CD44 contributes to the activation of glomerular parietal epithelial cells (PECs). Although CD44 expression is higher in PECs of healthy aged mice, the biological role of CD44 in PECs in this context remains unclear. Accordingly, young (4 months) and aged (24 months) CD44-/- mice were compared to age-matched CD44+/+ mice, both aged in a nonstressed environment. Parietal epithelial cell densities were similar in both young and aged CD44+/+ and CD44-/- mice. Phosphorylated ERK 1/2 (pERK) was higher in aged CD44+/+ mice. Vimentin and α-SMA, markers of changes to the epithelial cell phenotype, were present in PECs in aged CD44+/+ mice, but absent in aged CD44-/- mice in both outer cortical (OC) and juxtamedullary (JM) glomeruli. Because age-related glomerular hypertrophy was lower in CD44-/- mice, mTOR activation was assessed by phospho-S6 ribosomal protein (pS6RP) staining. Parietal epithelial cells and glomerular tuft staining for pS6RP was lower in aged CD44-/- mice compared to aged CD44+/+ mice. Podocyte density was higher in aged CD44-/- mice in both OC and JM glomeruli. These changes were accompanied by segmental and global glomerulosclerosis in aged CD44+/+ mice, but absent in aged CD44-/- mice. These results show that the increase in CD44 in PECs in aged kidneys contributes to several changes to the glomerulus during healthy aging in mice, and may involve ERK and mTOR activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Hamatani
- Division of NephrologyUniversity of Washington School of MedicineSeattleWAUSA
- Department of Nephrology and RheumatologyGunma University Graduate School of MedicineMaebashiJapan
| | - Diana G. Eng
- Division of NephrologyUniversity of Washington School of MedicineSeattleWAUSA
| | - Keiju Hiromura
- Department of Nephrology and RheumatologyGunma University Graduate School of MedicineMaebashiJapan
| | - Jeffrey W. Pippin
- Division of NephrologyUniversity of Washington School of MedicineSeattleWAUSA
| | - Stuart J. Shankland
- Division of NephrologyUniversity of Washington School of MedicineSeattleWAUSA
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Inhibition of mTOR delayed but could not prevent experimental collapsing focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8580. [PMID: 32444668 PMCID: PMC7244565 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65352-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-Thy1.1 transgenic mice develop glomerular lesions that mimic collapsing focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) in humans with collapse of the glomerular tuft and marked hyperplasia of the parietal epithelial cells (PECs). Immunostaining of phosphor-S6 ribosomal protein (pS6RP) revealed high mTOR activity in PECs of the FSGS lesions of these mice. In this study we questioned whether the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin (sirolimus) could attenuate the development and progression of glomerulosclerotic lesions in the anti-Thy1.1 transgenic mice. We observed reduced mTOR signalling and proliferation in human parietal epithelial cells after rapamycin treatment. Experiments with anti-Thy1.1. mice showed that early treatment with sirolimus reduced the development of glomerular lesions and glomerular cell proliferation at day 4. Levels of albuminuria, podocyte injury and podocyte number were similar in the sirolimus and vehicle treated groups. The initial beneficial effects of sirolimus treatment were not observed at day 7. Late sirolimus treatment did not reduce albuminuria or the progression of glomerulosclerosis. Taken together, rapamycin attenuated PEC proliferation and the formation of early FSGS lesions in experimental FSGS and reduced human PEC proliferation in vitro. However, the initial inhibition of PEC proliferation did not translate into a decline of albuminuria nor in a sustained reduction in sclerotic lesions.
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40
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Anguiano L, Kain R, Anders HJ. The glomerular crescent: triggers, evolution, resolution, and implications for therapy. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2020; 29:302-309. [PMID: 32132388 PMCID: PMC7170443 DOI: 10.1097/mnh.0000000000000596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Crescents are classical histopathological lesions found in severe forms of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis, also referred to as crescentic glomerulonephritis (CGN). Crescent formation is a consequence of diverse upstream pathomechanisms and unraveling these mechanisms is of great interest for improving the management of patients affected by CGN. Thus, in this review, we provide an update on the latest insight into the understanding on how crescents develop and how they resolve. RECENT FINDINGS Cellular crescents develop from activated parietal epithelial cells (PECs) residing along Bowman's capsule and their formation has as a consequence the decline in glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Cellular crescents can be reversible, but when multilevel growth of PECs associate with an epithelial--mesenchymal transition-like change in cell phenotype, fibrous crescents form, and crescents become irreversible also in terms of GFR recovery. Different molecular pathways trigger the activation of PECs and are a prime therapeutics target in CGN. First, crescent formation requires also vascular injury causing ruptures in the glomerular basement membrane that trigger plasmatic coagulation within Bowman's space. This vascular necrosis can be triggered by different upstream mechanisms, such as small vessel vasculitides, immune complex glomerulonephritis, anti-GBM disease, and C3 glomerulonephritis, that all share complement activation but involve diverse upstream immune mechanisms outside the kidney accessible for therapeutic intervention. SUMMARY Knowing the upstream mechanisms that triggered crescent formation provides a tool for the development of therapeutic interventions for CGN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Anguiano
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital of the Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Renate Kain
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hans-Joachim Anders
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital of the Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
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41
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Peleg Y, Kudose S, D'Agati V, Siddall E, Ahmad S, Nickolas T, Kisselev S, Gharavi A, Canetta P. Acute Kidney Injury Due to Collapsing Glomerulopathy Following COVID-19 Infection. Kidney Int Rep 2020; 5:940-945. [PMID: 32346659 PMCID: PMC7186120 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2020.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yonatan Peleg
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Satoru Kudose
- Department of Pathology, Division of Renal Pathology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Vivette D'Agati
- Department of Pathology, Division of Renal Pathology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Eric Siddall
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Syeda Ahmad
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Thomas Nickolas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sergey Kisselev
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ali Gharavi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Pietro Canetta
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
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42
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Hudkins KL, Wietecha TA, Steegh F, Alpers CE. Beneficial effect on podocyte number in experimental diabetic nephropathy resulting from combined atrasentan and RAAS inhibition therapy. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2020; 318:F1295-F1305. [PMID: 32249614 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00498.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Podocyte loss and proteinuria are both key features of human diabetic nephropathy (DN). The leptin-deficient BTBR mouse strain with the ob/ob mutation develops progressive weight gain, type 2 diabetes, and diabetic nephropathy that has many features of advanced human DN, including increased mesangial matrix, mesangiolysis, podocyte loss, and proteinuria. Selective antagonism of the endothelin-1 type A receptor (ETAR) by atrasentan treatment in combination with renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibition with losartan has been shown to have the therapeutic benefit of lowering proteinuria in patients with DN, but the underlying mechanism for this benefit is not well understood. Using a similar therapeutic approach in diabetic BTBR ob/ob mice, this treatment regimen significantly increased glomerular podocyte number compared with diabetic BTBR ob/ob controls and suggested that parietal epithelial cells were a source for podocyte restoration. Atrasentan treatment alone also increased podocyte number but to a lesser degree. Mice treated with atrasentan demonstrated a reduction in proteinuria, matching the functional improvement reported in humans. This is a first demonstration that treatment with the highly selective ETAR antagonist atrasentan can lead to restoration of the diminished podocyte number characteristic of DN in humans and thereby underlies the reduction in proteinuria in patients with diabetes undergoing similar treatment. The benefit of ETAR antagonism in DN extended to a decrease in mesangial matrix as measured by a reduction in accumulations of collagen type IV in both the atrasentan and atrasentan + losartan-treated groups compared with untreated controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly L Hudkins
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Tomasz A Wietecha
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Floor Steegh
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Charles E Alpers
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
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43
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Ito N, Sakamoto K, Hikichi C, Matsusaka T, Nagata M. Biphasic MIF and SDF1 expression during podocyte injury promote CD44-mediated glomerular parietal cell migration in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2020; 318:F741-F753. [PMID: 32068458 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00414.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Glomerular parietal epithelial cell (PEC) activation, as revealed by de novo expression of CD44 and cell migration toward the injured filtration barrier, is a hallmark of podocyte injury-driven focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). However, the signaling pathway that mediates activation of PECs in response to podocyte injury is unknown. The present study focused on CD44 signaling, particularly the roles of two CD44-related chemokines, migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF1), and their common receptor, chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4 (CXCR4), in the NEP25/LMB2 mouse podocyte-toxin model of FSGS. In the early phase of the disease, CD44-positive PECs were locally evident on the opposite side of the intact glomerular tuft and subsequently increased in the vicinity of synechiae with podocyte loss. Expression of MIF and SDF1 was first increased in injured podocytes and subsequently transferred to activated PECs expressing CD44 and CXCR4. In an immortalized mouse PEC (mPEC) line, recombinant MIF and SDF1 (rMIF and rSDF1, respectively) individually increased CD44 and CXCR4 mRNA and protein levels. rMIF and rSDF1 stimulated endogenous MIF and SDF1 production. rMIF- and rSDF1-induced mPEC migration was suppressed by CD44 siRNA. However, MIF and SDF1 inhibitors failed to show any impact on proteinuria, podocyte number, and CD44 expression in NEP25/LMB2 mice. Our data suggest that injured podocytes upregulate MIF and SDF1 that stimulate CD44 expression and CD44-mediated migration, which is enhanced by endogenous MIF and SDF1 in PECs. This biphasic expression pattern of the chemokine-CD44 axis in podocytes and PECs may be a novel mechanism of "podocyte-PEC cross-talk" signaling underlying podocyte injury-driven FSGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Ito
- Department of Pathology, Kidney and Vascular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kazuo Sakamoto
- Department of Pathology, Kidney and Vascular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Chihiro Hikichi
- Department of Pathology, Kidney and Vascular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Taiji Matsusaka
- Department of Basic Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Michio Nagata
- Department of Pathology, Kidney and Vascular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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44
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Chan GC, Eng DG, Miner JH, Alpers CE, Hudkins K, Chang A, Pippin JW, Shankland SJ. Differential expression of parietal epithelial cell and podocyte extracellular matrix proteins in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and diabetic nephropathy. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 317:F1680-F1694. [PMID: 31630546 PMCID: PMC6962515 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00266.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In healthy glomeruli, parietal epithelial cell (PEC)-derived extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins include laminin-β1, perlecan, and collagen type IV-α2 and podocyte-specific ECM proteins include laminin-β2, agrin, and collagen type IV-α4. This study aimed to define individual ECM protein isoform expression by PECs in both experimental and human focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and diabetic nephropathy (DN) and to determine if changes were CD44 dependent. In experimental FSGS induced with a cytotoxic podocyte antibody and in the BTBR ob/ob mouse model of DN, PEC-derived protein staining was significantly increased in PECs. Dual staining also showed de novo expression of the podocyte-specific ECM proteins laminin-β2 and agrin in PECs. Similar findings were observed in biopsies from patients with FSGS and DN. Increases in individual ECM proteins colocalized with CD44 in PECs in disease. To determine the role of CD44, FSGS was induced in CD44-/- and CD44+/+ mice. PEC staining for perlecan, collagen type IV-α2, laminin-β2, and agrin were significantly lower in diseased CD44-/- mice compared with diseased CD44+/+ mice. These results show that in experimental and human FSGS and DN, PECs typically in an activated state, produce both PEC-derived and podocyte-specific ECM protein isoforms, and that the majority of these changes were dependent on CD44.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gek Cher Chan
- Division of Nephrology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Division of Nephrology, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Diana G Eng
- Division of Nephrology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jeffrey H Miner
- Division of Nephrology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Charles E Alpers
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Kelly Hudkins
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Anthony Chang
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jeffrey W Pippin
- Division of Nephrology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
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45
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Smeets B, Miesen L, Shankland SJ. CD9 Is a Novel Target in Glomerular Diseases Typified by Parietal Epithelial Cell Activation. Am J Kidney Dis 2019; 75:812-814. [PMID: 31668876 DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2019.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bart Smeets
- Department of Pathology, RIMLS, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Laura Miesen
- Department of Pathology, RIMLS, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Stuart J Shankland
- Division of Nephrology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA.
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46
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Kaverina NV, Eng DG, Freedman BS, Kutz JN, Chozinski TJ, Vaughan JC, Miner JH, Pippin JW, Shankland SJ. Dual lineage tracing shows that glomerular parietal epithelial cells can transdifferentiate toward the adult podocyte fate. Kidney Int 2019; 96:597-611. [PMID: 31200942 PMCID: PMC7008116 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2019.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Podocytes are differentiated post-mitotic cells that cannot replace themselves after injury. Glomerular parietal epithelial cells are proposed to be podocyte progenitors. To test whether a subset of parietal epithelial cells transdifferentiate to a podocyte fate, dual reporter PEC-rtTA|LC1|tdTomato|Nphs1-FLPo|FRT-EGFP mice, named PEC-PODO, were generated. Doxycycline administration permanently labeled parietal epithelial cells with tdTomato reporter (red), and upon doxycycline removal, the parietal epithelial cells (PECs) cannot label further. Despite the presence or absence of doxycycline, podocytes cannot label with tdTomato, but are constitutively labeled with an enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) reporter (green). Only activation of the Nphs1-FLPo transgene by labeled parietal epithelial cells can generate a yellow color. At day 28 of experimental focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, podocyte density was 20% lower in 20% of glomeruli. At day 56 of experimental focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, podocyte density was 18% lower in 17% of glomeruli. TdTomato+ parietal epithelial cells were restricted to Bowman's capsule in healthy mice. However, by days 28 and 56 of experimental disease, two-thirds of tdTomato+ parietal epithelial cells within glomerular tufts were yellow in color. These cells co-expressed the podocyte markers podocin, nephrin, p57 and VEGF164, but not markers of endothelial (ERG) or mesangial (Perlecan) cells. Expansion microscopy showed primary, secondary and minor processes in tdTomato+EGFP+ cells in glomerular tufts. Thus, our studies provide strong evidence that parietal epithelial cells serve as a source of new podocytes in adult mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalya V Kaverina
- Division of Nephrology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Diana G Eng
- Division of Nephrology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - J Nathan Kutz
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Tyler J Chozinski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Joshua C Vaughan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jeffrey H Miner
- Division of Nephrology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jeffrey W Pippin
- Division of Nephrology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Stuart J Shankland
- Division of Nephrology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
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47
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Sakhi H, Moktefi A, Bouachi K, Audard V, Hénique C, Remy P, Ollero M, El Karoui K. Podocyte Injury in Lupus Nephritis. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8091340. [PMID: 31470591 PMCID: PMC6780135 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8091340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by a broad spectrum of renal lesions. In lupus glomerulonephritis, histological classifications are based on immune-complex (IC) deposits and hypercellularity lesions (mesangial and/or endocapillary) in the glomeruli. However, there is compelling evidence to suggest that glomerular epithelial cells, and podocytes in particular, are also involved in glomerular injury in patients with SLE. Podocytes now appear to be not only subject to collateral damage due to glomerular capillary lesions secondary to IC and inflammatory processes, but they are also a potential direct target in lupus nephritis. Improvements in our understanding of podocyte injury could improve the classification of lupus glomerulonephritis. Indeed, podocyte injury may be prominent in two major presentations: lupus podocytopathy and glomerular crescent formation, in which glomerular parietal epithelial cells play also a key role. We review here the contribution of podocyte impairment to different presentations of lupus nephritis, focusing on the podocyte signaling pathways involved in these lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamza Sakhi
- AP-HP (Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris), Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, Groupe Hospitalier Henri-Mondor, 94010 Créteil, France
- UPEC (Université Paris Est Créteil), UMR-S955, 94010 Créteil, France
- INSERM (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Équipe 21, 94010 Créteil, France
| | - Anissa Moktefi
- UPEC (Université Paris Est Créteil), UMR-S955, 94010 Créteil, France
- INSERM (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Équipe 21, 94010 Créteil, France
- AP-HP (Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris), Department of Pathology, Groupe Hospitalier Henri-Mondor, 94010 Créteil, France
| | - Khedidja Bouachi
- AP-HP (Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris), Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, Groupe Hospitalier Henri-Mondor, 94010 Créteil, France
| | - Vincent Audard
- AP-HP (Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris), Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, Groupe Hospitalier Henri-Mondor, 94010 Créteil, France
- UPEC (Université Paris Est Créteil), UMR-S955, 94010 Créteil, France
- INSERM (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Équipe 21, 94010 Créteil, France
| | - Carole Hénique
- UPEC (Université Paris Est Créteil), UMR-S955, 94010 Créteil, France
- INSERM (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Équipe 21, 94010 Créteil, France
| | - Philippe Remy
- AP-HP (Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris), Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, Groupe Hospitalier Henri-Mondor, 94010 Créteil, France
| | - Mario Ollero
- UPEC (Université Paris Est Créteil), UMR-S955, 94010 Créteil, France
- INSERM (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Équipe 21, 94010 Créteil, France
| | - Khalil El Karoui
- AP-HP (Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris), Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, Groupe Hospitalier Henri-Mondor, 94010 Créteil, France.
- UPEC (Université Paris Est Créteil), UMR-S955, 94010 Créteil, France.
- INSERM (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Équipe 21, 94010 Créteil, France.
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48
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Lazareth H, Henique C, Lenoir O, Puelles VG, Flamant M, Bollée G, Fligny C, Camus M, Guyonnet L, Millien C, Gaillard F, Chipont A, Robin B, Fabrega S, Dhaun N, Camerer E, Kretz O, Grahammer F, Braun F, Huber TB, Nochy D, Mandet C, Bruneval P, Mesnard L, Thervet E, Karras A, Le Naour F, Rubinstein E, Boucheix C, Alexandrou A, Moeller MJ, Bouzigues C, Tharaux PL. The tetraspanin CD9 controls migration and proliferation of parietal epithelial cells and glomerular disease progression. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3303. [PMID: 31341160 PMCID: PMC6656772 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11013-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms driving the development of extracapillary lesions in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and crescentic glomerulonephritis (CGN) remain poorly understood. A key question is how parietal epithelial cells (PECs) invade glomerular capillaries, thereby promoting injury and kidney failure. Here we show that expression of the tetraspanin CD9 increases markedly in PECs in mouse models of CGN and FSGS, and in kidneys from individuals diagnosed with these diseases. Cd9 gene targeting in PECs prevents glomerular damage in CGN and FSGS mouse models. Mechanistically, CD9 deficiency prevents the oriented migration of PECs into the glomerular tuft and their acquisition of CD44 and β1 integrin expression. These findings highlight a critical role for de novo expression of CD9 as a common pathogenic switch driving the PEC phenotype in CGN and FSGS, while offering a potential therapeutic avenue to treat these conditions. In both focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and crescentic glomerulonephritis (CGN), kidney injury is characterised by the invasion of glomerular tufts by parietal epithelial cells (PECs). Here Lazareth et al. identify the tetraspanin CD9 as a key regulator of PEC migration, and find its upregulation in FSGS and CGN contributes to kidney injury in both diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Lazareth
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Unit 970, Paris Cardiovascular Center - PARCC, 56 rue Leblanc, F-75015, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, UMR-S970, 56 rue Leblanc, F-75015, Paris, France.,Renal Division, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université de Paris, Paris, F-75015, France.,Laboratoire d'Optique et Biosciences, Ecole polytechnique, CNRS UMR7645, INSERM U1182, Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau, F-91128, France
| | - Carole Henique
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Unit 970, Paris Cardiovascular Center - PARCC, 56 rue Leblanc, F-75015, Paris, France. .,Université de Paris, UMR-S970, 56 rue Leblanc, F-75015, Paris, France. .,Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Inserm U955, Equipe 21, Université Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, F-94010, France.
| | - Olivia Lenoir
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Unit 970, Paris Cardiovascular Center - PARCC, 56 rue Leblanc, F-75015, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, UMR-S970, 56 rue Leblanc, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Victor G Puelles
- Department of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, D-52074, Aachen, Germany.,Department of Medicine III, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, D-20246, Germany.,Department of Nephrology and Center for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Martin Flamant
- Xavier Bichat University Hospital, Université de Paris, Paris, F-75018, France
| | - Guillaume Bollée
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Unit 970, Paris Cardiovascular Center - PARCC, 56 rue Leblanc, F-75015, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, UMR-S970, 56 rue Leblanc, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Cécile Fligny
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Unit 970, Paris Cardiovascular Center - PARCC, 56 rue Leblanc, F-75015, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, UMR-S970, 56 rue Leblanc, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Marine Camus
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Unit 970, Paris Cardiovascular Center - PARCC, 56 rue Leblanc, F-75015, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, UMR-S970, 56 rue Leblanc, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Lea Guyonnet
- National Cytometry Platform, Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg, L-4354, Luxembourg
| | - Corinne Millien
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Unit 970, Paris Cardiovascular Center - PARCC, 56 rue Leblanc, F-75015, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, UMR-S970, 56 rue Leblanc, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - François Gaillard
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Unit 970, Paris Cardiovascular Center - PARCC, 56 rue Leblanc, F-75015, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, UMR-S970, 56 rue Leblanc, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Anna Chipont
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Unit 970, Paris Cardiovascular Center - PARCC, 56 rue Leblanc, F-75015, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, UMR-S970, 56 rue Leblanc, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Blaise Robin
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Unit 970, Paris Cardiovascular Center - PARCC, 56 rue Leblanc, F-75015, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, UMR-S970, 56 rue Leblanc, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Fabrega
- Université de Paris, Institut Imagine, Plateforme Vecteurs Viraux et Transfert de Gènes, IFR94, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris, F-75015, France
| | - Neeraj Dhaun
- Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4SA, Scotland, UK
| | - Eric Camerer
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Unit 970, Paris Cardiovascular Center - PARCC, 56 rue Leblanc, F-75015, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, UMR-S970, 56 rue Leblanc, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Oliver Kretz
- Department of Medicine III, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, D-20246, Germany.,Renal Division, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Centre, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, D-79106, Germany
| | - Florian Grahammer
- Department of Medicine III, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, D-20246, Germany.,Renal Division, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Centre, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, D-79106, Germany
| | - Fabian Braun
- Department of Medicine III, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, D-20246, Germany.,Renal Division, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Centre, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, D-79106, Germany
| | - Tobias B Huber
- Department of Medicine III, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, D-20246, Germany.,Renal Division, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Centre, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, D-79106, Germany
| | - Dominique Nochy
- Department of Pathology, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, F-75015, France
| | - Chantal Mandet
- Department of Pathology, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, F-75015, France
| | - Patrick Bruneval
- Department of Pathology, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, F-75015, France
| | - Laurent Mesnard
- Critical Care Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation, Hôpital Tenon, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Unité Mixte de Recherche S1155, Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris, F-75020, France
| | - Eric Thervet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Unit 970, Paris Cardiovascular Center - PARCC, 56 rue Leblanc, F-75015, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, UMR-S970, 56 rue Leblanc, F-75015, Paris, France.,Renal Division, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université de Paris, Paris, F-75015, France
| | - Alexandre Karras
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Unit 970, Paris Cardiovascular Center - PARCC, 56 rue Leblanc, F-75015, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, UMR-S970, 56 rue Leblanc, F-75015, Paris, France.,Renal Division, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université de Paris, Paris, F-75015, France
| | | | - Eric Rubinstein
- Inserm U935, Université Paris-Sud, Villejuif, F-94800, France
| | - Claude Boucheix
- Inserm U935, Université Paris-Sud, Villejuif, F-94800, France
| | - Antigoni Alexandrou
- Laboratoire d'Optique et Biosciences, Ecole polytechnique, CNRS UMR7645, INSERM U1182, Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau, F-91128, France
| | - Marcus J Moeller
- Department of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, D-52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Cédric Bouzigues
- Laboratoire d'Optique et Biosciences, Ecole polytechnique, CNRS UMR7645, INSERM U1182, Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau, F-91128, France
| | - Pierre-Louis Tharaux
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Unit 970, Paris Cardiovascular Center - PARCC, 56 rue Leblanc, F-75015, Paris, France. .,Université de Paris, UMR-S970, 56 rue Leblanc, F-75015, Paris, France. .,Renal Division, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université de Paris, Paris, F-75015, France.
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49
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D’Agati VD, Shankland SJ. Recognizing diversity in parietal epithelial cells. Kidney Int 2019; 96:16-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2019.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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50
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Gianesello L, Anglani F, Del Prete D. Protein uptake at glomerular level: is it just the work of podocytes? Nephrol Dial Transplant 2019; 35:1675-1677. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfz127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Gianesello
- Clinical Nephrology Unit, Department of Medicine DIMED, Kidney Histomorphology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Franca Anglani
- Clinical Nephrology Unit, Department of Medicine DIMED, Kidney Histomorphology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Dorella Del Prete
- Clinical Nephrology Unit, Department of Medicine DIMED, Kidney Histomorphology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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