1
|
Diela A, Pagkali V, Kokkinos C, Calokerinos A, Economou A. Multiplexed colorimetric assay of antioxidants in wines with paper-based sensors fabricated by pen plotting. Talanta 2024; 277:126425. [PMID: 38897008 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
This work reports the development of low-cost and rapid multiplexed colorimetric assay of antioxidants (total phenolics, antioxidant capacity, flavonoids and anthocyanins) in wines at daisy-shaped fluidic paper-based analytical devices (PADs). The desired fluidic patterns were formed on paper by pen drawing and colorimetric reagents were immobilized at the 6 peripheral test zones. The sample was added at the central sample zone, migrated to the test zones and reacted with the immobilized reagents producing characteristic colors that were captured and analyzed. The paper-based approach was applied to the analysis of several wine samples and the results were statistically correlated to standard solution-based colorimetric assays, indicating that it could be reliably used for ranking wines according to their antioxidants content. In addition, the paper-based analytical methodology is simple, instrument-free, portable, cost-effective, rapid and environment friendly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Diela
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, 157 71, Greece
| | - Varvara Pagkali
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, 157 71, Greece
| | - Christos Kokkinos
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, 157 71, Greece
| | - Antony Calokerinos
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, 157 71, Greece
| | - Anastasios Economou
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, 157 71, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Batinić P, Jovanović A, Stojković D, Čutović N, Cvijetić I, Gašić U, Carević T, Zengin G, Marinković A, Marković T. A novel source of biologically active compounds - The leaves of Serbian herbaceous peonies. Saudi Pharm J 2024; 32:102090. [PMID: 38766273 PMCID: PMC11101739 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2024.102090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
In order to gain further insight into how various extraction techniques (maceration, microwave-, and ultrasound-assisted extractions) affect the chemical profile and biological activities of leaf extracts from Paeonia tenuifolia L., Paeonia peregrina Mill., and Paeonia officinalis L., this research was performed. The targeted chemical characterization of the extracts was achieved using the Ultra-High-Performance-Liquid-Chromatography-Linear-Trap-Mass-Spectrometry OrbiTrap instrumental technique, while Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy was conducted to investigate the structural properties of the examined leaf extracts. According to the results, the species P. officinalis, Božurna locality as the origin of the plant material, and microwave-assisted extraction produced the maximum polyphenol yield, (491.9 ± 2.7 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/mL). The ethanolic extracts exhibited moderate antioxidant activity as evaluated by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and phosphomolybdenum tests. With MIC values of 0.125 mg/mL, the leaf extracts produced by ultrasound-assisted extraction and maceration (Deliblato sands and Bogovo gumno) had the best antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella Typhimurium. Ultrasound-assisted extraction has proven to produce the most effective antimicrobial agents. Inhibitory potential towards glucosidase, amylase, cholinesterases, and tyrosinase was evaluated in enzyme inhibition assays and molecular docking simulations. Results show that leaves of P. tenuifolia L. obtained by ultrasound-assisted extraction had the highest acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. Namely, the complexity of the polyphenol structures, the extraction method, the used locality, and the different mechanisms of the reactions between bioactives from leaf extracts and other components (free radicals, microorganisms, and enzymes) are the main factors that influence the results of the antioxidant tests, as well as the antibacterial and enzyme-inhibitory activities of the extracts. Hydroxymethyl-phenyl pentosyl-hexoside and acetyl-hydroxyphenyl-hexoside were the first time identified in the leaf extract of the Paeonia species. Due to their proven biological activities and the confirmed existence of bioactive compounds, leaf extracts may find use in foodstuffs, functional foods, and pharmaceutical products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Petar Batinić
- Institute for Medicinal Plant Research, ''Dr. Josif Pančić'', Tadeuša Košćuška 1 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Jovanović
- University of Belgrade, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy INEP, Banatska 31b 11080, Belgrade – Zemun, Serbia
| | - Dejan Stojković
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142 11060, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Natalija Čutović
- Institute for Medicinal Plant Research, ''Dr. Josif Pančić'', Tadeuša Košćuška 1 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ilija Cvijetić
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Chemistry, Students Square 10-13 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Uroš Gašić
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142 11060, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamara Carević
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142 11060, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Gökhan Zengin
- Selcuk University, Science Faculty, Department of Biology, 42130, Konya, Turkey
| | - Aleksandar Marinković
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Karnegijeva 4 11060, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tatjana Marković
- Institute for Medicinal Plant Research, ''Dr. Josif Pančić'', Tadeuša Košćuška 1 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Slavova I, Genisheva T, Angelova G, Chalumov V, Tomova T, Argirova M. Hypoglycemic Effects of Extracts Obtained from Endemic Betonica bulgarica Degen and Neič. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1406. [PMID: 38794476 PMCID: PMC11125167 DOI: 10.3390/plants13101406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus, together with the limited access of many patients to conventional antidiabetic drugs and the side effects resulting from their use, are the reason for the ever-increasing need for new agents. One of the most important strategies used in the therapy of this disease is to reduce the postprandial blood glucose level by inhibiting the carbohydrate-degrading enzymes α-amylase and α-glucosidase. The purpose of the present study was to provide in vitro evidence for the potential hypoglycemic effect of leaf and inflorescence aqueous extracts of Bulgarian endemic species Betonica bulgarica Degen and Neič. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activities were determined by spectrophotometric methods. Qualitative and quantitative determinations of principal phenolic acids and flavonoids were performed using HPLC with a dual absorbance detector. The plant extracts were able to retard the enzymatic breakdown of starch to glucose with 50% inhibiting concentrations of 1.86 mg/mL and 1.54 mg/mL respectively for leaf and flower extract. Some of the plant constituents are proven inhibitors of α-amylase and/or α-glucosidase, but their adsorption on starch seems to be one additional mechanism for the inhibition of glucose release. Combination index analysis carried out with binary mixtures of acarbose and plant extracts showed a tendency toward synergism with an increase in concentrations and level of inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iva Slavova
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, 15A Vassil Aprilov Str., Plovdiv 4002, Bulgaria (T.T.); (M.A.)
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Santana AN, Tanajura Mendes JO, de Godoi Pereira M, Alvarenga YA, Boffo EF, da Silva Ramos F, El-Bachá RS, Araújo FM, de Jesus Correia Torquato S, Lima Cruz Santos MH, Ferraz CG, Ribeiro PR, de Souza Neta LC. Influence of seasonality and habitat on chemical composition, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial properties of the Libidibia ferrea. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30632. [PMID: 38765074 PMCID: PMC11101816 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Libidibia ferrea Mart, belonging to the Fabacee family, is a medicinal plant known for its biological properties and production of phenolic compounds. Previous studies reveal the biological activity of its phenolic constituents, making it very promising for the development of new medicines. Seasonality and geographic distribution of species can modify the production of secondary metabolites in Fabaceae species in terms of the preferentially activated metabolic pathways and, consequently, interfere with the medicinal properties of these species. Studying the influence of seasonality on the production of phenolic constituents is essential to establish conditions for "cultivation," species collection, standardization, production, and safety in traditional medicine. This unprecedented study proposed to evaluate the influence of seasonal variations and habitat on the production of phenolic compounds and biological properties of the ethanolic extracts of the stem bark from L. ferrea, whose specimens were collected from the Caatinga and the Atlantic Forest, biomes of Brazil. Antimicrobial activity was determined by broth microdilution. Cytotoxicity was evaluated through a colorimetric assay using MTT. ABTS and DPPH radical reduction methods estimated antioxidant capacities. Folin-Ciocalteu and AlCl3 spectrophotometric methods quantified total phenolics and flavonoids, respectively. In turn, radial diffusion quantified tannin content. PCA score plot and HCA dendogram were obtained by multivariate analysis of 1H NMR data. The cytotoxicity against C6 glioma cells was observed only for Atlantic Forest extracts (EC50 = 0.13-0.5 mg mL-1). These extracts also showed selectivity against Gram-positive bacteria Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633) [MICs 500-2000 μg mL-1], B. cereus CCT 0096) [MIC = 250 μg mL-1], Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538) [MICs = 250-500 μg mL-1], S. epidermidis (ATCC 12228) [62.5-1000 μg mL-1], mainly to Staphylococcus sp. Caatinga extracts showed higher production of flavonoids and antioxidants in the summer [7.36 ± 0.19 μg QE mg-1 extract; IC50ABTS = 4.86 ± 0.05 μg mL-1], spring [5.96 ± 0.10 μg QE mg-1 extract; IC50ABTS = 5.96 ± 0.08 μg mL-1 ], winter [4.89 ± 0.25 μg QE mg-1 extract; IC50ABTS = 6.72 ± 0.08 μg mL-1 ]. Regarding habitat, two discriminating compound patterns in the studied biomes were revealed by NMR. The results indicated that the Caatinga biome offers better conditions for activating the production of phenolics [336.34 ± 18.1 μgGAE mg-1 extract], tannins [328.38 ± 30.19 μgTAE mg-1 extract] in the summer and flavonoids in winter, spring, and summer. The extracts that showed the best antioxidant activities were also those from the Caatinga. In turn, extracts from the Atlantic Forest are more promising for discovering antibacterial compounds against Staphylococcus sp and cytotoxic for C6 glioma cells. These findings corroborated the traditional use of L. ferrea bark powder for treating skin wounds and suggest the cytotoxic potential of these extracts for glioblastoma cell lines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aiane Nascimento Santana
- Departamento de Ciências Exatas e da Terra I, Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Rua Silveira Martins, 2555, Cabula, 41150-000, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Júlia Oliveira Tanajura Mendes
- Departamento de Ciências Exatas e da Terra I, Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Rua Silveira Martins, 2555, Cabula, 41150-000, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Madson de Godoi Pereira
- Departamento de Ciências Exatas e da Terra I, Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Rua Silveira Martins, 2555, Cabula, 41150-000, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Yasmin Almeida Alvarenga
- Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo S/N, Ondina, 40170-115, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Elisangela Fabiana Boffo
- Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo S/N, Ondina, 40170-115, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Florisvaldo da Silva Ramos
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Matéria Médica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Departamento do Medicamento, Universidade Federal da Bahia, S/N, Ondina, 40170-115, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Ramon Santos El-Bachá
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Biologia Celular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Avenida Reitor Miguel Calmon, S/N, Canela, 40231-300, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Floricéa M. Araújo
- Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo S/N, Ondina, 40170-115, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Suzimone de Jesus Correia Torquato
- Departamento de Ciências Exatas e da Terra I, Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Rua Silveira Martins, 2555, Cabula, 41150-000, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Maria Herbênia Lima Cruz Santos
- Departamento de Tecnologia e Ciências Sociais, Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Rua Edgar Chastinet, S/N, São Geraldo, 48905-680, Juazeiro, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Caline Gomes Ferraz
- Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo S/N, Ondina, 40170-115, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Paulo R. Ribeiro
- Metabolomics Research Group, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo S/N, Ondina, 40170-115, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Lourdes C. de Souza Neta
- Departamento de Ciências Exatas e da Terra I, Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Rua Silveira Martins, 2555, Cabula, 41150-000, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Biratu G, Woldemariam HW, Gonfa G. Optimization of pectin yield extracted from coffee Arabica pulp using response surface methodology. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29636. [PMID: 38655316 PMCID: PMC11035037 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Pectin was extracted from coffee pulp using 0.1 M H2SO4. The Box Behnken Design based Response surface methodology was applied to optimize pectin yield. The impact of extraction time (45-75 min), temperature (80-100 °C), solid to liquid ratio (SLR) (1:20, 1:27.5, and 1:35), and pH (1.5, 2, and 2.5) on pectin yield were studied. Under optimal extraction conditions (84 °C, 75 min, SLR of 1:20 and pH: 1.5), physical, chemical, structural and antioxidant properties of pectin were examined. The results of the physicochemical analysis are: acetyl value: 1.10 ± 0.05 %, equivalent weight: 1429 ± 54 g/mol, anhydrouronic acid: 57.1 ± 0.9 %, degree of esterification: 78.5 ± 1.8 %, moisture content: 8.5 ± 1.5 % and ash content: 4.3 ± 0.9 %. FTIR analysis indicated the (-OH) peak of pectin was lower and shifted left compared to treated and untreated coffee pulp powder. SEM analysis shows a smoother surface, whereas XRD shows a less amorphous structure of pectin. The total phenolic and flavonoid content of coffee pulp pectin was found to be 26.7 μg Gallic Acid Equivalent/mg and 0.8957 μg Quercetin Equivalent/mg, respectively. Antioxidant analysis showed significant antioxidant properties (IC50 = 642.31 ± 30.43 μg/mL). The predicted and actual pectin yields at the optimal extraction condition were 14.39 and 13.7 %, respectively, with R2 = 0.95 that indicate the model can represent the experiment. Therefore, achieving a maximum pectin yield with improved antioxidant and other physicochemical qualities ensures that coffee pulp can potentially serve as a viable commercial source of pectin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Girma Biratu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, P.O. Box 16417, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Henock Woldemichael Woldemariam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, P.O. Box 16417, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Biotechnology and Bioprocess Center of Excellence, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, P.O. Box 16417, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Girma Gonfa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, P.O. Box 16417, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Biotechnology and Bioprocess Center of Excellence, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, P.O. Box 16417, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tsou SC, Chuang CJ, Wang I, Chen TC, Yeh JH, Hsu CL, Hung YC, Lee MC, Chang YY, Lin HW. Lemon Peel Water Extract: A Novel Material for Retinal Health, Protecting Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells against Dynamin-Related Protein 1-Mediated Mitochondrial Fission by Blocking ROS-Stimulated Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase/Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:538. [PMID: 38790643 PMCID: PMC11117509 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous studies showed that NaIO3 can induce oxidative stress-mediated retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) damage to simulate age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Lemon peel is rich in antioxidants and components that can penetrate the blood-retinal barrier, but their role in retinal oxidative damage remains unexplored. Here, we explore the protection of lemon peel ultrasonic-assisted water extract (LUWE), containing large amounts of flavonoids and polyphenols, against NaIO3-induced retinal degeneration. We initially demonstrated that LUWE, orally administered, prevented retinal distortion and thinning on the inner and outer nuclei layers, downregulating cleaved caspase-3 protein expression in RPE cells in NaIO3-induced mice. The effect of LUWE was achieved through the suppression of apoptosis and the associated proteins, such as cleaved PARP and cleaved caspase-3, as suggested by NaIO3-induced ARPE-19 cell models. This is because LUWE reduced reactive oxygen species-mediated mitochondrial fission via regulating p-Drp-1 and Fis1 expression. We further confirmed that LUWE suppresses the expression of p-MEK-1/2 and p-ERK-1/2 in NaIO3-induced ARPE-19 cells, thereby providing the protection described above, which was confirmed using PD98059 and U0126. These results indicated that LUWE prevents mitochondrial oxidative stress-mediated RPE damage via the MEK/ERK pathway. Elucidation of the molecular mechanism may provide a new protective strategy against retinal degeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Chun Tsou
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (S.-C.T.); (C.-L.H.)
| | - Chen-Ju Chuang
- Emergency Department, St. Martin De Porres Hospital, Chiayi 60069, Taiwan;
| | - Inga Wang
- Rehabilitation Sciences & Technology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA;
| | - Tzu-Chun Chen
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (T.-C.C.); (J.-H.Y.)
| | - Jui-Hsuan Yeh
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (T.-C.C.); (J.-H.Y.)
| | - Chin-Lin Hsu
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (S.-C.T.); (C.-L.H.)
| | - Yu-Chien Hung
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan;
| | - Ming-Chung Lee
- Brion Research Institute of Taiwan, New Taipei City 23143, Taiwan;
| | - Yuan-Yen Chang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Wen Lin
- Department of Optometry, Asia University, Taichung 413305, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Rijia A, Krishnamoorthi R, Rasmi M, Mahalingam PU, Kim KS. Comprehensive Analysis of Bioactive Compounds in Wild Ganoderma applanatum Mushroom from Kerala, South India: Insights into Dietary Nutritional, Mineral, Antimicrobial, and Antioxidant Activities. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:509. [PMID: 38675473 PMCID: PMC11054536 DOI: 10.3390/ph17040509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study focused on the mushroom Ganoderma, which has been used in Eastern countries for centuries as a food and medicinal source. Specifically, the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma applanatum from the Kerala Forest Research Institute in Thirussur, Kerala, India, were analyzed for their nutritional and medicinal properties. The methanolic extracts of G. applanatum were used to examine secondary metabolites and proximate profiles, revealing the presence of various phytochemicals such as terpenoids, phenolics, glycosides, alkaloids, flavonoids, and saponins. Further analysis revealed the presence of significant amounts of calcium, sodium, phosphorus, and manganese. The compounds were characterized using chromatographic analysis, FTIR, and GC-MS, which revealed potential therapeutic compounds with C-H and C-O bonds in the amide group, β-glycosides, and C-C/C-O vibrations of phenolic substances. Mushroom extract at a concentration of 100 µg mL-1 exhibited potent antimicrobial activity against various pathogens. This study suggests that G. applanatum has a rich biochemical composition and pharmacological potential, making it a promising candidate for drug development and traditional medicine, and contributes valuable insights into its diverse therapeutic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akbar Rijia
- Department of Biology, The Gandhigram Rural Institute (Deemed to be University), Gandhigram, Dindigul 624302, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Raman Krishnamoorthi
- Pharmaceutics Laboratory, Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan;
| | - Madhusoodhanan Rasmi
- Department of Microbiology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Pambayan Ulagan Mahalingam
- Department of Biology, The Gandhigram Rural Institute (Deemed to be University), Gandhigram, Dindigul 624302, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Kwang-sun Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Batinić P, Jovanović A, Stojković D, Zengin G, Cvijetić I, Gašić U, Čutović N, Pešić MB, Milinčić DD, Carević T, Marinković A, Bugarski B, Marković T. Phytochemical Analysis, Biological Activities, and Molecular Docking Studies of Root Extracts from Paeonia Species in Serbia. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:518. [PMID: 38675478 PMCID: PMC11054981 DOI: 10.3390/ph17040518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Without being aware of their chemical composition, many cultures have used herbaceous peony roots for medicinal purposes. Modern phytopreparations intended for use in human therapy require specific knowledge about the chemistry of peony roots and their biological activities. In this study, ethanol-water extracts were prepared by maceration and microwave- and ultrasound-assisted extractions (MAE and UAE, respectively) in order to obtain bioactive molecules from the roots of Paeonia tenuifolia L., Paeonia peregrina Mill., and Paeonia officinalis L. wild growing in Serbia. Chemical characterization; polyphenol and flavonoid content; antioxidant, multianti-enzymatic, and antibacterial activities of extracts; and in vitro gastrointestinal digestion (GID) of hot water extracts were performed. The strongest anti-cholinesterase activity was observed in PT extracts. The highest anti-ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) radical potential was observed in PP extracts, whereas against DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals), the best results were achieved with PO extracts. Regarding antibacterial activity, extracts were strongly potent against Bacillus cereus. A molecular docking simulation was conducted to gather insights into the binding affinity and interactions of polyphenols and other Paeonia-specific molecules in the active sites of tested enzymes. In vitro GID of Paeonia teas showed a different recovery and behavior of the individual bioactives, with an increased recovery of methyl gallate and digallate and a decreased recovery of paeoniflorin and its derivatives. PT (Gulenovci) and PP (Pirot) extracts obtained by UAE and M were more efficient in the majority of the bioactivity assays. This study represents an initial step toward the possible application of Paeonia root extracts in pharmacy, medicine, and food technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Petar Batinić
- Institute for Medicinal Plant Research “Dr Josif Pančić”, Tadeuša Košćuška 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (N.Č.); (T.M.)
| | - Aleksandra Jovanović
- Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy INEP, University of Belgrade, Banatska 31b, Zemun, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Dejan Stojković
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.S.); (U.G.); (T.C.)
| | - Gökhan Zengin
- Science Faculty, Selcuk University, 42130 Konya, Turkey;
| | - Ilija Cvijetić
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Students Square 10-13, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Uroš Gašić
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.S.); (U.G.); (T.C.)
| | - Natalija Čutović
- Institute for Medicinal Plant Research “Dr Josif Pančić”, Tadeuša Košćuška 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (N.Č.); (T.M.)
| | - Mirjana B. Pešić
- Faculty of Agriculture, Institute of Food Technology and Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, Zemun, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.B.P.); (D.D.M.)
| | - Danijel D. Milinčić
- Faculty of Agriculture, Institute of Food Technology and Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, Zemun, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.B.P.); (D.D.M.)
| | - Tamara Carević
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.S.); (U.G.); (T.C.)
| | - Aleksandar Marinković
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.M.); (B.B.)
| | - Branko Bugarski
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.M.); (B.B.)
| | - Tatjana Marković
- Institute for Medicinal Plant Research “Dr Josif Pančić”, Tadeuša Košćuška 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (N.Č.); (T.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Shazwani S, Marlina A, Misran M. Development of Nanostructured Lipid Carrier-Loaded Flavonoid-Enriched Zingiber officinale. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:17379-17388. [PMID: 38645372 PMCID: PMC11024946 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Flavonoids, which are bioactive molecules found in Zingiber officinale, have been widely used as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory drugs. The presence of nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) as sophisticated delivery systems for bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids, can increase their bioavailability and stability, thus potentially producing better therapeutic effects. This study aimed to develop an anti-inflammatory topical gel using NLC-containing flavonoids derived from Zingiber officinale. The NLC formulation was prepared using stearic acid, a mixture of medium-chain triglycerides and isopropyl myristate, Tween 20, and Span 20 by using a hot homogenization method. The total flavonoid content obtained through sequential maceration stages was 4.04 mg of QUE/g of dry extract. The highest encapsulation efficiency of flavonoid-loaded NLC was observed at a flavonoid, Zingiber officinale extract (ZOE) concentration of 2%. It was found that a ZOE concentration of 0.4% provided excellent stability with a particle size of 302-344 nm and a polydispersity index of 0.14-0.23 after 28 days of observation. Morphological analysis of the ZOE-loaded NLC revealed a stable and well-developed formulation with a fairly uniform distribution. The presence of distinctive and uniformly distributed single particles suggests a promising alternative drug delivery system for conventional topical preparations. ZOE-loaded NLC gel showed solid-like properties and higher quality stability than the gel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sharifah
Sarah Shazwani
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University
of Malaya, Kuala
Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Anita Marlina
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University
of Malaya, Kuala
Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- Research
Centre for Chemistry, National Research
and Innovation Agency, South Tangerang 15314, Indonesia
| | - Misni Misran
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University
of Malaya, Kuala
Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Xiong H, Zhang Y, Wang W, Ye H, Zhang Q. Enhancing the Quality of Low-Alcohol Navel Orange Wine through Simultaneous Co-Fermentation Using Saccharomyces cerevisiae SC-125, Angel Yeast SY, and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum BC114. Molecules 2024; 29:1781. [PMID: 38675601 PMCID: PMC11052192 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
To date, there has been limited research on the interactive effects of yeast and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) on the sensory qualities of navel orange wine. In this study, using Jintang navel orange juice as the raw material, multi-microbial fermentation was conducted with Saccharomyces cerevisiae SC-125 and Angel yeast SY, as well as Lactiplantibacillus plantarum BC114. Single yeast and co-fermentation with Lactiplantibacillus plantarum were used as the control groups. The research aimed to investigate the physicochemical parameters of navel orange wine during fermentation. Additionally, headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HP-SPME-GC-MS) was employed to determine and analyze the types and levels of flavor compounds in the navel orange wines produced through the different fermentation methods. The co-fermentation using the three strains significantly enhanced both the quantity and variety of volatile compounds in the navel orange wine, concomitant with heightened total phenol and flavonoid levels. Furthermore, a notable improvement was observed in the free radical scavenging activity. A sensory evaluation was carried out to analyze the differences among the various navel orange wines, shedding light on the impact of different wine yeasts and co-fermentation with LAB on the quality of navel orange wines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Xiong
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China; (H.X.); (Y.Z.)
- Food Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Yingyue Zhang
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China; (H.X.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Wanting Wang
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China; (H.X.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Hong Ye
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China; (H.X.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Qing Zhang
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China; (H.X.); (Y.Z.)
- Food Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
- Sichuan Advanced Agricultural & Industrial Institute, China Agricultural University, Chengdu 611430, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mahmoud AMA, Ali MHH, Abdelkarim MS, Al-Afify ADG. Chemical, biochemical, and bioactivity studies on some soda lakes, Wadi El-Natrun, Egypt. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:436. [PMID: 38589724 PMCID: PMC11001755 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12573-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Wadi El-Natrun is one of the most observable geomorphological features in the North-Western Desert of Egypt; it contains several old saline and saline soda lakes. This study investigates physicochemical and biochemical characteristics and estimates the total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TVC), and bioactivities of sediment, cyanobacteria, and brine shrimp (Artemia salina) in soda lakes, i.e., El-Hamra Lake 1 (H1) and El-Hamra Lake 2 (H2). These soda lakes are unique extreme ecosystems characterized by high pH (> 9.3), high alkalinity, and salinity. Some extremophilic microorganisms are hosted in this ecosystem. The results revealed that the chemical water type of studied lakes is soda-saline lakes according to the calculated percentage sequence of major cations and anions. Sodium ranked first among major cations with an abundance ratio of e% 58, while chloride came first among anions with an abundance ratio of e% 71, and bicarbonate and carbonate occupied the last rank with an abundance of 6%. The biochemical investigations showed that TPC and TVC are present in concern contents of sediment, cyanobacteria, and brine shrimp (A. salina) which contribute 89% of antioxidant capacity and antimicrobial activities. Thus, this study helps better understand the chemical and biochemical adaptations in soda lake ecosystems and explores natural sources with potential applications in antioxidant-rich products and environmental conservation efforts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohamed H H Ali
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Cairo, Egypt.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hashem MM, Attia D, Hashem YA, Hendy MS, AbdelBasset S, Adel F, Salama MM. Rosemary and neem: an insight into their combined anti-dandruff and anti-hair loss efficacy. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7780. [PMID: 38565924 PMCID: PMC10987638 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57838-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Dandruff, a common scalp disorder characterized by flaking dead skin, is often treated with conventional topical products. However, limitations exist due to potential side effects and high costs. Therefore, searching for natural, cost-effective solutions for dandruff and hair loss is crucial. Rosemary herb and neem tree, both cultivated in Egypt, possess well-documented anti-inflammatory properties derived from their rich phenolic phytoconstituents. This study formulated a standardized combined extract of rosemary and neem (RN-E 2:1) into hair gel and leave-in tonic formats. This extract demonstrated superior efficacy against Malassezia furfur (a causative agent of dandruff) and Trichophyton rubrum (associated with scalp disorders) compared to the conventional antifungal agent, ketoconazole. The combined extract (RN-E 2:1) also exhibited potent anti-inflammatory activity. Additionally, the suppression of iNOS expression is considered concentration-dependent. Quality control verified formulation stability, and ex-vivo studies confirmed effective ingredient penetration into the epidermis, the primary site of fungal presence. Remarkably, both formulations outperformed the standard treatment, minoxidil in hair growth trials. These findings highlight the potential of natural extracts for scalp and hair health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mona M Hashem
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
| | - Dalia Attia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Suez Desert Road, El Sherouk City, Cairo, 11837, Egypt
| | - Yomna A Hashem
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Suez Desert Road, El Sherouk City, Cairo, 11837, Egypt
| | - Moataz S Hendy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The British University in Egypt, Suez Desert Road, El Sherouk City, Cairo, 11837, Egypt
- Health Research Centre of Excellence, Drug Research and Development, The British University in Egypt, Suez Desert Road, El Sherouk City, Cairo, 11837, Egypt
| | - Safa AbdelBasset
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Suez Desert Road, El Sherouk City, Cairo, 11837, Egypt
| | - Farah Adel
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Suez Desert Road, El Sherouk City, Cairo, 11837, Egypt
| | - Maha M Salama
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Suez Desert Road, El Sherouk City, Cairo, 11837, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sharma N, Kaur M, Gupta Phutela U, Bhatia S. Characterization of halotolerant microalga isolated from waterlogged habitats: Deciphering the biochemical profiling and unraveling the molecular identity. J Basic Microbiol 2024; 64:e2300496. [PMID: 38279542 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202300496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
The primary objective of this study was to comprehensively explore the biochemical profile of the novel halotolerant microalgae strain, biogas laboratory scenedesmus (BGLRS), previously isolated from waterlogged regions in the southwest zone of Punjab, India. To achieve this, three distinct drying methods viz. freeze-drying, oven-drying, and shade-drying were employed and biochemical composition and antioxidant analyses on the microalgal biomass were conducted. Utilizing advanced analytical techniques, including high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) on freeze-dried biomass, its carbohydrate profile, micronutrient composition, and presence of bioactive compounds with potential therapeutic and nutraceutical significance were sought to unravel. Among the drying methods evaluated, freeze-drying exhibited the most promising experimental results, prompting its selection for further investigation. Notably, ICP-AES unveiled elevated concentrations of essential elements such as calcium, iron, magnesium, and phosphorus in BGLRS, with negligible traces of heavy metals, underscoring its safety for human consumption. GC-MS analysis further divulged the existence of numerous biologically active compounds, indicating potential applications in medical and nutraceutical fields. Through molecular identification using sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, a close taxonomic resemblance between BGLRS and Scenedesmus sp. MKB was established, solidifying its unique position within the microalgal taxonomy. The deposition of ITS sequences into the NCBI GenBank, obtaining accession number MN796425, attests to the rigor and transparency of this research. Overall, these findings strongly suggest that microalgae BGLRS possesses high-quality biochemical attributes of significant therapeutic and nutraceutical importance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nishu Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Punjab Agricultural University, Punjab, Ludhiana, India
| | - Manpreet Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Punjab, Ludhiana, India
| | - Urmila Gupta Phutela
- Department of Renewable Energy Engineering, Punjab Agricultural University, Punjab, Ludhiana, India
| | - Surekha Bhatia
- Department of Processing and Food Engineering, Punjab Agricultural University, Punjab, Ludhiana, India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ayad AS, Hébert MPA, Doiron JA, Loucif-Ayad W, Daas T, Smagghe G, Alburaki M, Barnett DA, Touaibia M, Surette ME. Algerian Propolis from Distinct Geographical Locations: Chemical Profiles, Antioxidant Capacity, Cytotoxicity and Inhibition of 5-Lipoxygenase Product Biosynthesis. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301758. [PMID: 38241641 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Propolis was collected from honeybee hives in three geographically distinct Algerian climates and extracts were characterized for composition and bioactivity. Bees were identified as native subspecies using an in-silico DraI mtDNA COI-COII test. Over 20 compounds were identified in extracts by LC-MS. Extracts from the Medea region were more enriched in phenolic content (302±28 mg GAE/g of dry extract) than those from Annaba and Ghardaia regions. Annaba extracts had the highest flavonoid content (1870±385 mg QCE/g of dry extract). Medea extracts presented the highest free-radical scavenging activity (IC50=13.5 μg/mL) using the DPPH radical assay while Ghardaia extracts from the desert region were weak (IC50>100 μg/mL). Antioxidant activities measured using AAPH oxidation of linoleic acid were similar in all extracts with IC50 values ranging from 2.9 to 4.9 μg/mL. All extracts were cytotoxic (MTT assay) and proapoptotic (Annexin-V) against human leukemia cell lines in the low μg/mL range, although the Annaba extract was less active against the Reh cell line. Extracts inhibited cellular 5-lipoxygenase product biosynthesis with IC50 values ranging from 0.6 to 3.2 μg/mL. Overall, examined propolis extracts exhibited significant biological activity that warrant further characterization in cellular and in vivo models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Sabri Ayad
- Laboratory of Applied Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Badji Mokhtar University, 2300, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Mathieu P A Hébert
- New Brunswick Centre for Precision Medicine, Moncton, NB, E1A 3E9, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB, E1A 3E9, Canada
| | - Jérémie A Doiron
- New Brunswick Centre for Precision Medicine, Moncton, NB, E1A 3E9, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB, E1A 3E9, Canada
| | | | - Tarek Daas
- Laboratory of Applied Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Badji Mokhtar University, 2300, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Guy Smagghe
- Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, 550025, Guiyang, China
- Department of Biology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mohamed Alburaki
- Bee Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, 20705, Beltsville, MD, United States
| | - David A Barnett
- New Brunswick Centre for Precision Medicine, Moncton, NB, E1A 3E9, Canada
- Atlantic Cancer Research Institute, Moncton, NB, E1C 8X3, Canada
| | - Mohamed Touaibia
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB, E1A 3E9, Canada
| | - Marc E Surette
- New Brunswick Centre for Precision Medicine, Moncton, NB, E1A 3E9, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB, E1A 3E9, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Qiu X, Su J, Nie J, Zhang Z, Ren J, Wang S, Pei Y, Li X. Effects of Thermosonication on the Antioxidant Capacity and Physicochemical, Bioactive, Microbiological, and Sensory Qualities of Blackcurrant Juice. Foods 2024; 13:809. [PMID: 38472922 DOI: 10.3390/foods13050809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of thermosonication (TS) on the quality of blackcurrant juice, along with its physicochemical properties, bioactive compounds, antioxidant capacity, and microbiological and sensory qualities. The treatments included raw juice (RJ), pasteurized juice (90 °C, 1 min, PJ), and thermosonicated juice (480 W, 40 kHz at 40, 50, or 60 °C, for 10, 20, 30, or 40 min, TJ). The results indicated that the effects of pasteurization and thermosonication on the pH, total soluble solids, and titratable acidity of the juice were not significant (p > 0.05). However, the cloudiness, browning index, and viscosity were significantly increased (p < 0.05), and the color properties of the blackcurrant juice were improved. The total phenolic, flavonoid, and anthocyanin contents of TJ (treated at 50 °C for 30 min) were increased by 12.6%, 20.9%, and 40.4%, respectively, and there was a notable decline in ascorbic acid content after the pasteurization treatment, while the loss was minor in all TJ samples compared with RJ. The scavenging ability of 1,1-diphenyl-2-pyridyl and hydroxyl radicals increased to 52.77% and 50.52%, respectively, which were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than those in the RJ and PJ samples. In addition, both pasteurization and thermosonication resulted in a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in microbial counts, while there were no significant (p > 0.05) differences in the sensory parameters compared with the RJ samples. In conclusion, this study suggests that TS is an effective method that can be used as an alternative to pasteurization to improve the quality of blackcurrant juice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokun Qiu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Jiajia Su
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Jiangli Nie
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Junhan Ren
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Shiyi Wang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Yi Pei
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Xihong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhao LQ, Liu Y, Huang Q, Gao S, Huang MJ, Huang HQ. Effects of cell morphology, physiology, biochemistry and CHS genes on four flower colors of Impatiens uliginosa. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1343830. [PMID: 38495370 PMCID: PMC10940378 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1343830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Flower color is one of the important ornamental traits in the plants, which plays an active role in attracting pollinators to pollinate plants and reproduce their offspring. The flower color of Impatiens uliginosa is rich, there are four main flower colors in nature: deep red, red, pink, and white. However, it remains unclear whether on four different flower colors mechanism of I. uliginosa. Methods We investigate colorimetric measurement, observation of epidermal cells, cellular pH determination, extraction and determination of total anthocyanins and flavonoid, semi-quantitative determination of pigment components, and gene cloning and qRT-PCR of CHS genes to study four flower colors of I. uliginosa. Results The L* and b* values were the highest in white flower, while the a* values were the highest in pink flower. The same shape of epidermal cells was observed in different flower colors, which was all irregular flat polygons, and there were partial lignification. Their cellular pH values were weakly acidic, while the pH values of the deep red flower was the highest and the white flower was the lowest. The highest pigment content of the four flower colors was total anthocyanin content. And malvidin-3-galactosidechloride (C23H25ClO12), cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C21H21O11) and delphinidin (C15H11O7) were the main pigment components affecting the color of four different flower colors. The anthocyanin synthesis gene IuCHS was expressed in four flowers, and all three copies of it had the highest expression level in pink flower and the lowest expression level in white flower. Discussion These results revealed the influence of main internal factors on four different flower colors of I. uliginosa, and provided a basis for further understanding of the intracellular and molecular regulatory mechanisms of flower color variation, and laid a foundation for the improvement of flower color breeding of Impatiens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Mei-Juan Huang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Sciences, Southwest Research Center for Engineering Technology of Landscape Architecture, Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Functional Flower Resources and Industrialization, Research and Development Center of Landscape Plants and Horticulture Flowers, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Hai-quan Huang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Sciences, Southwest Research Center for Engineering Technology of Landscape Architecture, Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Functional Flower Resources and Industrialization, Research and Development Center of Landscape Plants and Horticulture Flowers, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kukhtenko H, Bevz N, Konechnyi Y, Kukhtenko O, Jasicka-Misiak I. Spectrophotometric and Chromatographic Assessment of Total Polyphenol and Flavonoid Content in Rhododendron tomentosum Extracts and Their Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity. Molecules 2024; 29:1095. [PMID: 38474607 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In the literature, the chemical composition of Rhododendron tomentosum is mainly represented by the study of isoprenoid compounds of essential oil. In contrast, the study of the content of flavonoids will contribute to the expansion of pharmacological action and the use of the medicinal plant for medical purposes. The paper deals with the technology of extracts from Rh. tomentosum shoots using ethanol of various concentrations and purified water as an extractant. Extracts from Rh. tomentosum were obtained by a modified method that combined the effects of ultrasound and temperature to maximize the extraction of biologically active substances from the raw material. Using the method of high-performance thin-layer chromatography in a system with solvents ethyl acetate/formic acid/water (15:1:1), the following substances have been separated and identified in all the extracts obtained: rutin, hyperoside, quercetin, and chlorogenic acid. The total polyphenol content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were estimated using spectrophotometric methods involving the Folin-Ciocalteu (F-C) reagent and the complexation reaction with aluminum chloride, respectively. A correlation analysis was conducted between antioxidant activity and the polyphenolic substance content. Following the DPPH assay, regression analysis shows that phenolic compounds contribute to about 80% (r2 = 0.8028, p < 0.05) of radical scavenging properties in the extract of Rh. tomentosum. The extract of Rh. tomentosum obtained by ethanol 30% inhibits the growth of test cultures of microorganisms in 1:1 and 1:2 dilutions of the clinical strains #211 Staphylococcus aureus and #222 Enterococcus spp. and the reference strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 10145.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Halyna Kukhtenko
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Opole, 48 Oleska Str., 45-052 Opole, Poland
- Department of Cosmetology and Aromology, National University of Pharmacy, 53 Pushkinska Str., 61002 Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Nataliia Bevz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National University of Pharmacy, 53 Pushkinska Str., 61002 Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Yulian Konechnyi
- Department of Microbiology, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, 69 Pekarska, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Oleksandr Kukhtenko
- Department of Technology of Pharmaceutical Preparations, National University of Pharmacy, 53 Pushkinska Str., 61002 Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zaater A, Serhoud MO, Ben Amor I, Zeghoud S, Hemmami A, Rebiai A, Bouras Y, Laiche AT, Alsalme A, Cornu D, Bechelany M, Barhoum A. Exploring the potential of a Ephedra alata leaf extract: Phytochemical analysis, antioxidant activity, antibacterial properties, and green synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue. Front Chem 2024; 12:1367552. [PMID: 38449480 PMCID: PMC10914993 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1367552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Ephedra alata leaf extracts have therapeutic properties and contain various natural compounds known as phytochemicals. This study assessed the phytochemical content and antioxidant effects of a Ephedra alata leaf extract, as well as zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticle production. The extract contained phenolic acids, including vanillic acid, chlorogenic acid, gallic acid, p-coumaric acid, vanillin and rutin. Its total phenolic content and total flavonoid content were 48.7 ± 0.9 mg.g-1 and 1.7 ± 0.4 mg.g-1, respectively. The extract displayed a DPPH inhibition rate of 70.5%, total antioxidant activity of 49.5 ± 3.4 mg.g-1, and significant antimicrobial activity toward Gram-positive and negative bacteria. The synthesized ZnO nanoparticles had spherical shape, crystallite size of 25 nm, particle size between 5 and 30 nm, and bandgap energy of 3.3 eV. In specific conditions (90 min contact time, pH 7, and 25°C), these nanoparticles efficiently photodegraded 87% of methylene blue, suggesting potential applications for sustainable water treatment and pollution control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdelmalek Zaater
- Biodiversity Laboratory and Application of Biotechnology in Agriculture, University of El Oued, El Oued, Algeria
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of El Oued, El Oued, Algeria
| | - Mohammed Oualid Serhoud
- Laboratory of Community and Family, University of Batna 1, Batna, Algeria
- Department of Sociology and Demography, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Batna 1, Batna, Algeria
| | - Ilham Ben Amor
- Department of Process Engineering and Petrochemical, Faculty of Technology, University of El Oued, El Oued, Algeria
- Renewable Energy Development Unit in Arid Zones (UDERZA), University of El Oued, El Oued, Algeria
| | - Soumeia Zeghoud
- Department of Process Engineering and Petrochemical, Faculty of Technology, University of El Oued, El Oued, Algeria
- Renewable Energy Development Unit in Arid Zones (UDERZA), University of El Oued, El Oued, Algeria
| | - Amira Hemmami
- Biodiversity Laboratory and Application of Biotechnology in Agriculture, University of El Oued, El Oued, Algeria
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science and Life, University of El Oued, El Oued, Algeria
| | - Abdelkrim Rebiai
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry and Environment, Faculty of Exact Sciences, University of El Oued, El Oued, Algeria
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Exact Sciences, University of El Oued, El Oued, Algeria
| | - Yacine Bouras
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science and Life, University of El Oued, El Oued, Algeria
- Laboratory Biology, Environment and Health (LBEH), University of El Oued, El Oued, Algeria
| | - Ammar Touhami Laiche
- Biodiversity Laboratory and Application of Biotechnology in Agriculture, University of El Oued, El Oued, Algeria
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science and Life, University of El Oued, El Oued, Algeria
| | - Ali Alsalme
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - David Cornu
- Institut Européen des Membranes (IEM), UMR, University Montpellier, ENSCM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Mikhael Bechelany
- Institut Européen des Membranes (IEM), UMR, University Montpellier, ENSCM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
- Gulf University for Science and Technology, GUST, Hawally, Kuwait
| | - Ahmed Barhoum
- NanoStruc Research Group, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lim J, Kim H, Kim GHJ, Kim T, Kang CG, Kim SW, Kim D. Enzymatic upcycling of wild-simulated ginseng leaves for enhancing biological activities and compound K. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:207. [PMID: 38353757 PMCID: PMC10866779 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13028-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Compound K (CK), a ginsenoside with high bioavailability, is present at low levels in wild-simulated ginseng leaves (WSGL). WSGL contains the CK precursors, Rd and F2, in amounts up to 26.4 ± 0.4 and 24.1 ± 1.9 mg/g extract, respectively. In this study, CK production in WGSL reached 25.9 ± 1.0 mg/g extract following treatment with Viscozyme, Celluclast 1.5 L, Pectinex Ultra SP-L, and their combination. The antioxidant activities indicated by oxygen radical absorbance capacity, ferric reducing antioxidant power, and ABTS- and DPPH radical scavenging activity of enzyme-treated WSGL were enhanced 1.69-, 2.51-, 2.88-, and 1.80-fold, respectively, compared to non-treated WSGL. Furthermore, the CK-enriched WSGL demonstrated a 1.94-fold decrease in SA-β-galactosidase expression in human dermal fibroblasts and a 3.8-fold enhancement of inhibition of nitric oxide release in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 cells relative to non-treated WSGL. Consequently, WSGL subjected to enzymatic upcycling has potential as a functional material in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juho Lim
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon-do, 25354, Republic of Korea
| | - Hayeong Kim
- Institute of Food Industrialization, Institutes of Green Bioscience & Technology, Center for Food and Bioconvergece, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon-do, 25354, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gha-Hyun J Kim
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and Programs in Biological Sciences and Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Taeyoon Kim
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon-do, 25354, Republic of Korea
| | - Choon Gil Kang
- Ottogi Corporation, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14060, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Wook Kim
- Ottogi Corporation, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14060, Republic of Korea
| | - Doman Kim
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon-do, 25354, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Food Industrialization, Institutes of Green Bioscience & Technology, Center for Food and Bioconvergece, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon-do, 25354, Republic of Korea.
- Fervere Campus Corporation, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon-do, 25354, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Hagaggi NSA, Abdul-Raouf UM, Radwan TAA. Variation of antibacterial and antioxidant secondary metabolites and volatiles in leaf and callus extracts of Phulai (Acacia Modesta Wall.). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:93. [PMID: 38321418 PMCID: PMC10848437 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04747-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acacia species are economically significant as medicinal plants that have been utilized since ancient times. Acacia modesta has been reported to possess potent antibacterial and antioxidant properties, but its growth rate is slow. In this study, we hypothesized that inducing callus in vitro from A. modesta could enhance the production of antibacterial and antioxidant secondary metabolites, thereby circumventing the issues of slow growth and excessive harvesting of the plant. RESULTS The callus was induced from axillary buds on MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/L of 2,4-D and 1 mg/L of BAP. The secondary metabolites, volatile compounds, antibacterial activity, and antioxidant activity of the callus and parent plant leaf extracts were evaluated. The results revealed that the content of phenolics and flavonoids, the number of volatile compounds, and the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of the callus extract were significantly enhanced (P ≤ 0.05) compared to the leaf extract. The antibacterial and antioxidant effects were strongly correlated with the total phenolic and flavonoid content in the extracts. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that in vitro callus culture increases the production of phenolics, flavonoids, and volatile compounds. This subsequently enhances the antibacterial and antioxidant properties of A. modesta.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noura Sh A Hagaggi
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Aswan, 81528, Egypt.
| | - Usama M Abdul-Raouf
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Aswan, 81528, Egypt
| | - Tarek A A Radwan
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Aswan, 81528, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhang M, Shuai XX, Wei Z, Dai TT, Wei CB, Li Y, He JJ, Du LQ. Characterization, antioxidant and antitumor activities of phenolic compounds from Amomum villosum Lour. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1327164. [PMID: 38379541 PMCID: PMC10876855 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1327164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Amomum villosum Lour. (A. villosum), known as Sharen in China, is widely used for culinary and medicinal purposes due to containing a diverse set of bioactive compounds. In this study, the optimum ethanol extraction process was optimized and the composition and biological activities (antioxidant and antitumor) of five different fractions (dichloromethane, petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and H2O) extracted from the ethanol extract of A. villosum were investigated. The results showed that the optimal extraction conditions were extraction temperature 80°C, extraction time 120 min, ethanol concentration 40% and solid-liquid ratio 1:25 g/mL. Moreover, 35 bioactive compounds were successfully identified by UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS from five factions for the first time, including 12 phenolic acids and derivatives, 2 organic acids, 12 flavonoids and derivatives, 2 oxylipins and 7 proanthocyanidins. Among them, ethyl acetate fraction (Fr-EtOAc) exhibited the highest content of total phenolic (374.01 mg GAE/g DW) and flavonoid (93.11 mg RE/g DW), where vanillic acid, catechin, epicatechin and protocatechuic acid were the predominant phenolic compounds that accounting for 81.65% of the quantified bioactive compounds. In addition, Fr-EtOAc demonstrated excellent total antioxidant activity (IC50 of DPPH and ABTS assays were 0.23, 0.08 mg/mL, respectively, and FRAP assay was 322.91 mg VCE/100 g DW) and antitumor activity (1,000 μg/mL, 79.04% inhibition rate). The results could provide guidance for the industrial production and application of A. villosum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhang
- South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, China Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xi-xiang Shuai
- South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, China Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Zhanjiang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Tao-tao Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chang-bin Wei
- South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, China Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Ya Li
- South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, China Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jun-jun He
- Zhanjiang Experimental Station, China Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Li-qing Du
- South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, China Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Zhanjiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Nopparat J, Sujipuli K, Ratanasut K, Weerawatanakorn M, Prasarnpun S, Thongbai B, Laothaworn W, Inthima P. Exploring the excellence of commercial Brahmi products from Thai online markets: Unraveling phytochemical contents, antioxidant properties and DNA damage protection. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24509. [PMID: 38304802 PMCID: PMC10831600 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Brahmi (Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst.) is extensively used as a nutritional supplement in various commercial products as the plant contains abundant phytochemicals and has antioxidant properties. This study assessed the phytochemical contents, antioxidant properties, and DNA damage protection among seven Brahmi products sold through Thai online markets. Results showed that the P6 sample exhibited 3.5-7.5 fold higher bacoside contents than values observed in the other six product samples. The P6 sample also demonstrated the highest TTC, TFC, and TPC compared to the other brands. For antioxidant activity, the samples (P1-P7) displayed high capacity to scavenge DPPH free radicals with slightly significant differences ranging from 78.37 ± 0.25 to 87.21 ± 0.05 at p-value ≤0.01. The P6 sample showed strong protection against H2O2-induced oxidation of DNA strand breakage, indicating highly potent phytochemical compounds with effective free radical scavenging activity, and the ability to prevent DNA damage. The P6 sample showed promise as a valuable ingredient for the development of functional food products. However, further in vivo animal and clinical studies are required to explore the neuroprotective enhancement effects of Brahmi extracts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junya Nopparat
- Office of the Dean, Faculty of Science and Health Technology, Navamindradhiraj University, 3, White Road, Vajira Hospital, Dusit, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand
| | - Kawee Sujipuli
- Center of Agricultural Biotechnology, Naresuan University, 99 Moo 9, Tha Pho, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
- Department of Agricultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture Natural Resources and Environment, Naresuan University, 99 Moo 9, Tha Pho, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Kumrop Ratanasut
- Center of Agricultural Biotechnology, Naresuan University, 99 Moo 9, Tha Pho, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
- Department of Agricultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture Natural Resources and Environment, Naresuan University, 99 Moo 9, Tha Pho, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Monthana Weerawatanakorn
- Department of Agro-Industry, Faculty of Agriculture, Natural Resources and Environment, Naresuan University, 99 Moo 9, Tha Pho, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Surisak Prasarnpun
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, 56000, Thailand
| | - Bussagon Thongbai
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, 44150, Thailand
| | - Walailak Laothaworn
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, 99 Moo 9, Tha Pho, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Phithak Inthima
- Center of Agricultural Biotechnology, Naresuan University, 99 Moo 9, Tha Pho, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, 99 Moo 9, Tha Pho, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Tourabi M, El Ghouizi A, Nouioura G, Faiz K, Elfatemi H, El-Yagoubi K, Lyoussi B, Derwich E. Phenolic profile, acute and subacute oral toxicity of the aqueous extract from Moroccan Mentha longifolia L. aerial part in Swiss Albino mice model. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117293. [PMID: 37844742 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Mentha longifolia (L.) (Lamiaceae) is a native plant in Morocco, traditionally used in different countries to treat several disorders notably gastrointestinal illnesses, respiratory disorders, infectious diseases, inflammatory diseases, and menstrual problems. Robust scientific evidence has confirmed multiple pharmacological properties of M. longifolia including antihemolytic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, hepatoprotective, anti-cancer, antidiabetic, gastroprotective effect, and antispasmodic activity. AIM OF THE STUDY The current study aimed to determine the phytochemical profile and assess the toxic effect of an aqueous extract of the arial parts of M. longifolia in male and female Swiss albino mice during acute and subacute oral toxicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS High-performance Liquid Chromatography Diode Array Detector (HPLC-DAD) was used to provide qualitative and quantitative analyses of phenolic compounds of M. longifolia aqueous extract. In acute toxicity experiments, four distinct groups of mice (n = 5/group/sex) were administered Mentha longifolia aqueous extract at single oral dosages of 0.5; 1; 2; 4, and 8 g/kg BW given by gavage and intraperitoneal for up to 14 days. Regarding the subacute toxicity investigation, Swiss albino mice were given M. longifolia aqueous extract orally at dosages of 100; 500; and 1000 mg/kg BW daily for 28 days. Body weight is measured every 7 days and suggested biochemical and hematological parameters were quantified, at the finish of 28 days of daily administration, sections of the liver, kidney, and spleen were histologically evaluated for showing damage to organs. RESULTS The data of High-performance Liquid chromatography analysis revealed that M. longifolia aqueous extract was rich in interesting phytochemical compounds, mainly quercetin, and rutin, followed by a hydroxybenzoic acid-like syringic acid. Regarding the acute test in mice, no mortality or symptoms of toxicity were detected following oral administration with a single dose of M. longifolia aqueous extract at any dosage limit up to 4 g/kg, which was the no-observed side effect threshold (NOAEL). The mortality rate as well as acute toxicity of the M. longifolia aqueous extract delivered intraperitoneally, are increased progressively with increasing dosage. The non-observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) for the intraperitoneal dosage was 1 g/kg BW, and the lowest observed adverse effect level (LOAEL) was 2 g/kg BW, the estimated acute toxicity (LD50) of intraperitoneally given M. longifolia aqueous extract in mice was 4.800 g/kg BW. Concerning subacute examinations in mice, the M. longifolia aqueous extract did not induce substantial modifications in biochemical or hematological indicators, preserving a slight increase in creatinine and urea levels. At the end of the experiment, a histopathological examination of the kidneys, liver, and spleen revealed normal architecture, suggesting no morphological damage. CONCLUSION The data we obtained indicate that acute or subacute administration of Mentha longifolia aqueous extract is relatively non-toxic in male and female Swiss albino mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meryem Tourabi
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health & Quality of Life, Faculty of Sciences, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco.
| | - Asmae El Ghouizi
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health & Quality of Life, Faculty of Sciences, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco; The Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques (ISPITS), Fez, Morocco.
| | - Ghizlane Nouioura
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health & Quality of Life, Faculty of Sciences, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco.
| | - Khaoula Faiz
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, Food and Health Faculty of Sciences, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco.
| | - Hind Elfatemi
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Hassan II, 30050, Fez, Morocco.
| | - Karima El-Yagoubi
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health & Quality of Life, Faculty of Sciences, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco.
| | - Badiaa Lyoussi
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health & Quality of Life, Faculty of Sciences, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco.
| | - Elhoussine Derwich
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health & Quality of Life, Faculty of Sciences, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco; Unity of GC/MS and GC-FID, City of Innovation, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Morocco.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Djordjević M, Djordjević M, Starowicz M, Krupa-Kozak U. Plant-Based Antioxidants in Gluten-Free Bread Production: Sources, Technological and Sensory Aspects, Enhancing Strategies and Constraints. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:142. [PMID: 38397740 PMCID: PMC10886132 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The recognized contribution of antioxidant compounds to overall health maintenance and spotted deficiencies in celiac patients' diets has driven more intensive research regarding antioxidant compounds' inclusion in gluten-free bread (GFB) production during the last decade. The presented review gathered information that provided insights into plant-based antioxidant sources which are applicable in GFB production through the resulting changes in the technological, sensory, and nutritional quality of the resulting antioxidant-enriched GFB. The influence of the bread-making process on the antioxidant compounds' content alteration and applied methods for their quantification in GFB matrices were also discussed, together with strategies for enhancing the antioxidant compounds' content, their bioaccessibility, and their bioavailability, highlighting the existing contradictions and constraints. The addition of plant-based antioxidant compounds generally improved the antioxidant content and activity of GFB, without a profound detrimental effect on its technological quality and sensory acceptability, and with the extent of the improvement being dependent on the source richness and the amount added. The determination of a pertinent amount and source of plant-based antioxidant material that will result in the production of GFB with desirable nutritional, sensory, and technological quality, as well as biological activity, remains a challenge to be combated by elucidation of the potential mechanism of action and by the standardization of quantification methods for antioxidant compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marijana Djordjević
- Institute of Food Technology in Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Blvd. Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia;
| | - Miljana Djordjević
- Institute of Food Technology in Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Blvd. Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia;
| | - Małgorzata Starowicz
- Department of Chemistry and Biodynamics of Food, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10 Street, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland; (M.S.); (U.K.-K.)
| | - Urszula Krupa-Kozak
- Department of Chemistry and Biodynamics of Food, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10 Street, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland; (M.S.); (U.K.-K.)
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Jang H, Choi M, Jang KS. Comprehensive phytochemical profiles and antioxidant activity of Korean local cultivars of red chili pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1333035. [PMID: 38318498 PMCID: PMC10840139 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1333035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Red chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), which belongs to the Solanaceae family, contains a variety of phytochemicals with health-promoting properties including capsaicinoids, phenolics and fatty acids. Red chili pepper is one of the most consumed vegetables in Korea and occupies the largest cultivated area among spices. In this study, the ethanolic extracts from two Korean local cultivars, namely Subicho and Eumseong, were analyzed using a hybrid trapped ion mobility Q-TOF mass spectrometer equipped with a UPLC system, and their phytochemical profiles were then compared with those of a common phytophthora disease-resistant cultivar called Dokbulwang, which is extensively used for red chili pepper powder in public spaces across Korea. Utilizing high-resolution ion-mobility Q-TOF MS analysis, 458 and 192 compounds were identified from the three different red chili peppers in positive and negative ion modes, respectively, by matching with a reference spectral library. Principal component analysis revealed clear distinctions among the three cultivars, allowing us to identify key phytochemical components responsible for discriminating the local cultivars from the public cultivar. Furthermore, the assessment of total flavonoid, phenolic, and antioxidant activity in the red pepper extracts, highlighted their diverse molecular and chemical profiles. Despite the higher total flavonoid and phenolic content values observed in the public cultivar, the radical scavenging rate was higher in the local cultivars, particularly in Subicho. This suggest the presence of stronger antioxidant compounds in the local cultivar, indicating their potential health benefits due to their rich content of bioactive compounds. Notably, the local cultivars exhibited significantly higher proportions of organic compounds (more than four times) and terpenoids (more than two times) compared to the public cultivar. Specifically, higher levels of five major capsaicinoid compounds were found in the local cultivars when compared to the public cultivar. The observed disparities in phytochemical composition and antioxidant activities indicate the molecular diversity present among these cultivars. Further exploration of the bioactive compounds in these local cultivars could prove invaluable for the development of native crops, potentially leading to the discovery of novel sources of bioactive molecules for various applications in health and agriculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyemi Jang
- Bio-Chemical Analysis Team, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Analytical Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mira Choi
- Bio-Chemical Analysis Team, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Soon Jang
- Bio-Chemical Analysis Team, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Analytical Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Huang X, Arjsri P, Srisawad K, Yodkeeree S, Dejkriengkraikul P. Exploring the Anticancer Potential of Traditional Thai Medicinal Plants: A Focus on Dracaena loureiri and Its Effects on Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:290. [PMID: 38256842 PMCID: PMC10820207 DOI: 10.3390/plants13020290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is renowned for its aggressive and highly metastatic nature. In recent years, there has been a surge in interest regarding the therapeutic potential of traditional medicinal plants. Dracaena loureirin (D. loureirin), Ficus racemosa Linn. (F. racemosa), and Harrisonia perforata (Blanco) Merr. (H. perforata) are prominent traditional medicinal herbs in Thailand, recognized for their diverse biological activities, including antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effects. However, their prospective anti-cancer properties against NSCLC remain largely unexplored. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-cancer attributes of ethanolic extracts obtained from D. loureiri (DLEE), F. racemosa (FREE), and H. perforata (HPEE) against the A549 lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay results revealed that only DLEE exhibited cytotoxic effects on A549 cells, whereas FREE and HPEE showed no such cytotoxicity. To elucidate the anti-cancer mechanisms of DLEE, cell cycle and apoptosis assays were performed. The findings demonstrated that DLEE inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase in A549 cells through the downregulation of key cell cycle regulator proteins, including cyclin D1, CDK-2, and CDK-4. Furthermore, DLEE treatment facilitated apoptosis in A549 cells by suppressing anti-apoptotic proteins (Bcl-2, Bcl-xl, and survivin) and enhancing apoptotic proteins (cleaved-caspase-3 and cleaved-PARP-1). In summary, our study provides novel insights into the significant anti-cancer properties of DLEE against A549 cells. This work represents the first report suggesting that DLEE has the capability to impede the growth of A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells through the induction of apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Huang
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (X.H.); (P.A.); (K.S.); (S.Y.)
| | - Punnida Arjsri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (X.H.); (P.A.); (K.S.); (S.Y.)
- Anticarcinogenesis and Apoptosis Research Cluster, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Kamonwan Srisawad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (X.H.); (P.A.); (K.S.); (S.Y.)
- Anticarcinogenesis and Apoptosis Research Cluster, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Supachai Yodkeeree
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (X.H.); (P.A.); (K.S.); (S.Y.)
- Anticarcinogenesis and Apoptosis Research Cluster, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center for Research and Development of Natural Products for Health, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Pornngarm Dejkriengkraikul
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (X.H.); (P.A.); (K.S.); (S.Y.)
- Anticarcinogenesis and Apoptosis Research Cluster, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center for Research and Development of Natural Products for Health, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Aly Khalil AM, Saied E, Mekky AE, Saleh AM, Al Zoubi OM, Hashem AH. Green biosynthesis of bimetallic selenium-gold nanoparticles using Pluchea indica leaves and their biological applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 11:1294170. [PMID: 38274007 PMCID: PMC10809157 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1294170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Increasing bacterial resistance and the negative impact of currently used antibacterial agents have produced the need for novel antibacterial agents and anticancer drugs. In this regard, nanotechnology could provide safer and more efficient therapeutic agents. The main methods for nanoparticle production are chemical and physical approaches that are often costly and environmentally unsafe. In the current study, Pluchea indica leaf extract was used for the biosynthesis of bimetallic selenium-gold nanoparticles (Se-Au BNPs) for the first time. Phytochemical examinations revealed that P. indica leaf extract includes 90.25 mg/g dry weight (DW) phenolics, 275.53 mg/g DW flavonoids, and 26.45 mg/g DW tannins. X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) techniques were employed to characterize Se-Au BNPs. Based on UV-vis spectra, the absorbance of Se-Au BNPs peaked at 238 and 374 nm. In SEM imaging, Se-Au BNPs emerged as bright particles, and both Au and Se were uniformly distributed throughout the P. indica leaf extract. XRD analysis revealed that the average size of Se-Au BNPs was 45.97 nm. The Se-Au BNPs showed antibacterial properties against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 31.25, 15.62, 31.25, and 3.9 μg/mL, respectively. Surprisingly, a cytotoxicity assay revealed that the IC50 value toward the Wi 38 normal cell line was 116.8 μg/mL, implying that all of the MICs described above could be used safely. More importantly, Se-Au BNPs have shown higher anticancer efficacy against human breast cancer cells (MCF7), with an IC50 value of 13.77 μg/mL. In conclusion, this paper is the first to provide data on the effective utilization of P. indica leaf extract in the biosynthesis of biologically active Se-Au BNPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ebrahim Saied
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Alsayed E. Mekky
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. Saleh
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science Yanbu, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Mahmoud Al Zoubi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science Yanbu, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amr H. Hashem
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Gao J, Wang D, Chen Y, Urujeni GI, Tang X, Lu Z, Wang Y, He H, Xiao D, Dramou P. Portable paper-based probe for on-site ratiometric fluorescence determination of total flavonol glycosides in plant extract using smartphone imaging. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:70. [PMID: 38165510 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-06166-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
A smartphone-assisted, paper-based ratio fluorescence probe is presented for the rapid, low-cost and on-site quantification of total flavonol glycosides in Ginkgo biloba extracts (GBE). The Al3+/Eu-MOF/paper-based probe utilizes lanthanide metal-organic framework (Ln-MOF) nanoparticles immobilized on Whatman filter paper along with Al3+ for detecting flavonols, which are the hydrolyzed products of flavonol glycosides. The color change of the paper-based fluorescence image from red to orange depends on the concentration of the target analyte in the sample solution. The smartphone equipped with a red, green, blue (RGB) color detector measured the fluorescence signal intensity on the paper substrate after adding flavonol. The analytical variables affecting the performance of the probe, including the addition sequence of the aluminum nitrate solution, its concentration, that of the Ln-MOF solution, the drying time of the paper probe, the reaction time and the sensitivity parameters of the mobile phone camera (ISO), were optimized. Under optimal conditions, the Al3+/Eu-MOF/paper-based probe has good linear response in the concentration range 7 ~ 80 µg mL- 1 and a lower detection limit of 2.07 µg mL- 1. The results obtained with the paper-based ratio fluorescence probe and smartphone combination were validated by comparing them with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) measurements. This study provides a potential strategy for fabricating Al3+/Eu-MOF/paper-based probe used for total flavonol glycosides determination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Gao
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211198, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211198, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211198, China
| | - Gisèle Ineza Urujeni
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211198, China
| | - Xue Tang
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211198, China
| | - Ziwei Lu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211198, China
| | - Yaoyao Wang
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211198, China
| | - Hua He
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211198, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Functional Materials, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Deli Xiao
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211198, China.
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Functional Materials, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Pierre Dramou
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211198, China.
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Functional Materials, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Ackah M, Boateng NAS, Dhanasekaran S, Zhang H, Yang Q. Genome wide and comprehensive analysis of the cytochrome P450 (CYPs) gene family in Pyrus bretschneideri: Expression patterns during Sporidiobolus pararoseus Y16 enhanced with ascorbic acid (VC) treatment. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 206:108303. [PMID: 38154299 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450s (CYPs) constitute the largest group of enzymes in plants and are involved in a variety of processes related to growth and protection. However, the CYP gene superfamily in pear (Pyrus bretschneideri) and their characteristics is unclear. Through a comprehensive genome-wide analysis, this article identified a total of 74 CYP genes in the P. bretschneideri genome, which were categorized into fourteen families. Motif analysis reveals that most of the ten motifs predicted were with the p450 conserved domain. The majority of the CYP genes have exon arrangements. Furthermore, promoter analysis unveiled a multitude of cis-acting elements associated with diverse responsiveness including hormones, light responsive, anoxic specific inducibility and anaerobic induction. Analysis of the transcriptome data reveal that about 80% of the pear CYPs genes were upregulated and they were positively correlated with the antioxidant's parameters such as total flavonoids and total phenol content as well as ABTS and DPPH radicals. RT-qPCR analysis confirmed that the CYP genes could be regulated in pear. Collectively, our results reveal comprehensive insights into the CYP superfamily in pear and make a valuable contribution to the ongoing process of functional validation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Ackah
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Nana Adwoa Serwah Boateng
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China; Ho Technical University, P.O.BOX HP 217, Ho, Volta Region, Ghana
| | - Solairaj Dhanasekaran
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyin Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiya Yang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Ambarwati NSS, Sukma NT, Desmiaty Y, Auliya A, Budi S, Arifuddin M, Ahmad I. Garcinia dulcis and Garcinia forbesii King fruit peel extract: Secondary metabolite composition, antioxidant, and elastase inhibitory activity evaluation. J Adv Pharm Technol Res 2024; 15:8-12. [PMID: 38389969 PMCID: PMC10880920 DOI: 10.4103/japtr.japtr_344_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Garcinia dulcis and Garcinia forbesii King are native plants from Indonesia and have tremendous potential as a source of raw medicines based on local wisdom. However, scientific data for strengthening pharmaceuticals are still limited. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a study to strengthen and develop the potential of both plants using the approach of traditional medicine. This study aimed to explore the secondary metabolite composition and biological activity (antioxidant and antielastase) of both plants. Both samples were extracted using 70% ethanol and microwave-assisted extraction with a microwave power of 120 watts for 15 min. The extract obtained was then screened for phytochemicals using specific reagents. The total phenolic content (TPC) was determined using spectrophotometry with a 96-well microplate reader method. The total flavonoid content (TFC) was determined using the colorimetric method, whereas metabolite profiling analysis was conducted using the UPLC-QToF-MS/MS system. Meanwhile, biological activity was tested for antioxidant activity and antielastase as measured by a microplate reader 96-well spectrophotometry method at specific wavelengths. According to the results, G. dulcis and G. forbesii fruit peel extracts showed positive detection of particular secondary metabolites. TPC and TFC values were 13.98 ± 1.90 mg GAE/g and 10.33 ± 1.90 mg QE/g for G. dulcis and 11.98 ± 2.04 mgGAE/g and 1.96 ± 0.36 mgQE/g for G. forbesii. Metabolite profiling detected some compounds from G. dulcis, including ephedrannin B, hinokiflavone, mahuannin J, and candidate mass C9H12O8, and G. forbesii, including 5-Hydroxy-7,8,2'- trimethoxyflavone, lucialdehyde B, candidate mass C21H39NO4, candidate mass C14H10O6, and candidate mass C14H12O6. Meanwhile, the biological activities (antioxidant and antielastase) were 137.721 μg/mL and 108.893 μg/mL for G. dulcis and 481.948 μg/mL and 250.611 μg/mL for G. forbesii, respectively. Both plants showed different profiles of secondary metabolites and biological activities (antioxidant and antielastase) according to their respective characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neneng Siti Silfi Ambarwati
- Department of Cosmetology, Engineering Faculty and The Research Center for Cosmetics, Research and Community Services Institute, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, East Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Nurnisya Tiara Sukma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Pancasila, Jagakarsa, South Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Yesi Desmiaty
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Pancasila, Jagakarsa, South Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Annisa Auliya
- The Center for Science Innovation, Central Jakarta, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Setia Budi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, East Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - M. Arifuddin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Research and Development Laboratory of FARMAKA TROPIS, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, East Kalimantan, Indonesia
| | - Islamudin Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Research and Development Laboratory of FARMAKA TROPIS, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, East Kalimantan, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Shi M, Pei H, Sun L, Chen W, Zong Y, Zhao Y, Du R, He Z. Optimization of the Flavonoid Extraction Process from the Stem and Leaves of Epimedium Brevicornum and Its Effects on Cyclophosphamide-Induced Renal Injury. Molecules 2023; 29:207. [PMID: 38202790 PMCID: PMC10780727 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Cyclophosphamide (CTX) is a broad-spectrum alkylated antitumor drug. It is clinically used in the treatment of a variety of cancers, and renal toxicity is one of the adverse reactions after long-term or repeated use, which not only limits the therapeutic effect of CTX, but also increases the probability of kidney lesions. The total flavonoids of Epimedium stem and leaf (EBF) and Icariin (ICA) are the main medicinal components of Epimedium, and ICA is one of the main active substances in EBF. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that EBF has a variety of biological activities such as improving osteoporosis, promoting cell proliferation, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, etc. However, few studies have been conducted on the nephrotoxicity caused by optimized CTX extraction, and protein-ligand binding has not been involved. This research, through the response surface optimization extraction of EBF, obtained the best extraction conditions: ethanol concentration was 60%, solid-liquid ratio of 25:1, ultrasonic time was about 25 min. Combined with mass spectrometry (MS) analysis, EBF contained ICA, ichopidin A, ichopidin B, ichopidin C, and other components. In this study, we adopted a computational chemistry method called molecular docking, and the results show that Icariin was well bound to the antioxidant target proteins KEAP1 and NRF2, and the anti-inflammatory target proteins COX-2 and NF-κB, with free binding energies of -9.8 kcal/mol, -11.0 kcal/mol, -10.0 kcal/mol, and -8.1 kcal/mol, respectively. To study the protective effect of EBF on the nephrotoxicity of CTX, 40 male Kunming mice (weight 18 ± 22) were injected with CTX (80 mg/kg) for 7 days to establish the nephrotoxicity model and were treated with EBF (50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg) for 8 days by gavage. After CTX administration, MDA, BUN, Cre, and IL-6 levels in serum increased, MDA increased in kidney, GPT/ALT and IL-6 increased in liver, and IL-6 increased in spleen and was significant ((p < 0.05 or (p < 0.01)). Histopathological observation showed that renal cortex glomerular atrophy necrosis, medullary inflammatory cell infiltration, and other lesions. After administration of EBF, CTX-induced increase in serum level of related indexes was reduced, and MDA in kidney, GPT/ALT and IL-6 in liver, and IL-6 in spleen were increased. At the same time, histopathological findings showed that the necrosis of medullary and corticorenal tubular epithelium was relieved at EBF (50 mg/kg) dose compared with the CTX group, and the glomerular tubular necrosis gradually became normal at EBF (100 mg/kg) dose. Western blot analysis of Keap1 and Nrf2 protein expression in kidney tissue showed that compared with model CTX group, the drug administration group could alleviate the high expression of Keap1 protein and low expression of Nrf2 protein in kidney tissue. Conclusion: After the optimal extraction of total flavonoids from the stems and leaves of Epimedium, the molecular docking technique combined with animal experiments suggested that the effective component of the total flavonoids of Epimedium might activate the Keap1-Nrf2 signaling pathway after treatment to reduce the inflammation and oxidative stress of kidney tissue, so as to reduce kidney damage and improve kidney function. Therefore, EBF may become a new natural protective agent for CTX chemotherapy in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Shi
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (M.S.); (H.P.); (L.S.); (W.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.D.)
| | - Hongyan Pei
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (M.S.); (H.P.); (L.S.); (W.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.D.)
| | - Li Sun
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (M.S.); (H.P.); (L.S.); (W.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.D.)
| | - Weijia Chen
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (M.S.); (H.P.); (L.S.); (W.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.D.)
| | - Ying Zong
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (M.S.); (H.P.); (L.S.); (W.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.D.)
| | - Yan Zhao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (M.S.); (H.P.); (L.S.); (W.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.D.)
- Engineering Research Center for Efficient Breeding and Product Development of Sika Deer, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Rui Du
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (M.S.); (H.P.); (L.S.); (W.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.D.)
- Engineering Research Center for Efficient Breeding and Product Development of Sika Deer, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Zhongmei He
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (M.S.); (H.P.); (L.S.); (W.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.D.)
- Engineering Research Center for Efficient Breeding and Product Development of Sika Deer, Changchun 130118, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Martinelli G, Fumagalli M, Pozzoli C, Nicotra G, Vicentini SF, Maranta N, Sangiovanni E, Dell’Agli M, Piazza S. Exploring In Vitro the Combination of Cistus × incanus L. and Castanea sativa Mill. Extracts as Food Supplement Ingredients against H. pylori Infection. Foods 2023; 13:40. [PMID: 38201068 PMCID: PMC10778332 DOI: 10.3390/foods13010040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Cistus spp. have been traditionally used for inflammatory and infectious disorders, including gastrointestinal ailments, in the Mediterranean area. Among them, Cistus × incanus L. is one of the most frequently cited species in the literature for a variety of biological activities which include inflammatory diseases. Cistus spp. aerial parts are rich in polyphenols such as condensed and hydrolysable tannins, procyanidins, and flavonoids, which show gastroprotective activities. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the biological activities of a hydroalcoholic extract from Cistus × incanus L. aerial parts in gastric epithelial cells (GES-1) infected with H. pylori. The extracts inhibited IL-8 and NF-κB induced by H. pylori and showed antibacterial activity after simulated digestion. Since our previous paper reported interesting results on the ability of Castanea sativa Mill. leaf extract to decrease inflammatory conditions in H. pylori-infected gastric cells, the combination of Castanea sativa and Cistus × incanus extracts was also investigated, showing strong anti-inflammatory activity and inhibition of bacterial adhesion. This association of botanicals is proposed herein as a novel food supplement capable of counteracting gastric inflammatory conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Martinelli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences “Rodolfo Paoletti”, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (G.M.); (M.F.); (C.P.); (N.M.); (E.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Marco Fumagalli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences “Rodolfo Paoletti”, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (G.M.); (M.F.); (C.P.); (N.M.); (E.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Carola Pozzoli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences “Rodolfo Paoletti”, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (G.M.); (M.F.); (C.P.); (N.M.); (E.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Giovanna Nicotra
- Estratti Piante Officinali EPO s.r.l., 20141 Milan, Italy; (G.N.); (S.F.V.)
| | | | - Nicole Maranta
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences “Rodolfo Paoletti”, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (G.M.); (M.F.); (C.P.); (N.M.); (E.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Enrico Sangiovanni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences “Rodolfo Paoletti”, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (G.M.); (M.F.); (C.P.); (N.M.); (E.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Mario Dell’Agli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences “Rodolfo Paoletti”, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (G.M.); (M.F.); (C.P.); (N.M.); (E.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Stefano Piazza
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences “Rodolfo Paoletti”, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (G.M.); (M.F.); (C.P.); (N.M.); (E.S.); (S.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Yagi S, Nilofar, Zengin G, Yildiztugay E, Caprioli G, Piatti D, Menghini L, Ferrante C, Di Simone SC, Chiavaroli A, Maggi F. Exploring for HPLC-MS/MS Profiles and Biological Activities of Different Extracts from Allium lycaonicum Siehe ex Hayek from Turkey Flora. Foods 2023; 12:4507. [PMID: 38137311 PMCID: PMC10742650 DOI: 10.3390/foods12244507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was designed to determine the phenolic constituents, antioxidant, and enzyme inhibition activities of aerial parts and bulbs of Allium lycaonicum (family Amaryllidaceae). Extracts were prepared by maceration and Soxhlet/infusion using hexane, methanol, and water as extraction solvents. Generally, extracts from the aerial parts showed higher total phenolic and individual components and antioxidant activity than their respective bulb extracts. Maceration with water was the best to extract total phenolic content from the aerial parts (29.00 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g), while the Soxhlet extraction with hexane (22.29 mg GAE/g) was the best for the bulb. Maceration with methanol recovered the highest total flavonoid content from both the aerial parts (41.95 mg (rutin equivalents (RE)/g) and bulb (1.83 mg RE/g). Polar extracts of aerial parts were characterized by higher abundance of kaempferol-3-glucoside (≤20,624.27 µg/mg), hyperoside (≤19,722.76 µg/g), isoquercitrin (≤17,270.70 µg/g), delphindin-3,5-diglucoside (≤14,625.21 µg/g), and rutin (≤10,901.61 µg/g) than the bulb. Aerial parts' aqueous extract, prepared by maceration, exerted the highest anti-ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical activity (64.09 mg trolox equivalents (TE)/g), Cu++ (83.03 mg TE/g) and Fe+++ (63.03 mg TE/g) reducing capacity while that prepared by infusion recorded the highest anti-DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical (31.70 mg TE/g) and metal chelating (27.66 mg EDTAE/g) activities. The highest total antioxidant activity (1.46 mmol TE/g) was obtained by maceration of the bulb with water. Extracts obtained by organic solvents showed remarkable enzyme inhibition properties against the tested enzymes. Soxhlet extraction of the bulb with hexane and methanol recorded the highest acetylcholinesterase inhibition (4.75 mg galanthamine equivalents (GALAE)/g) and tyrosinase inhibition (139.95 mg kojic acid equivalents/g) activities, respectively. Extracts obtained by maceration of the bulb with methanol and the aerial parts with hexane exerted the highest glucosidase inhibition (3.25 mmol acarbose equivalents/g) and butyrylcholinesterase inhibition (20.99 mg GALAE/g) activities, respectively. These data indicated that A. lycaonicum is a source of bioactive molecules with potential antioxidant and enzyme inhibition properties. Nonetheless, the extracts obtained through various solvents and extraction techniques showed variations in their phytoconstituent composition and biological properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sakina Yagi
- Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, Laboratoire Agronomie Environnement, Université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France;
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Khartoum, Khartoum 11115, Sudan
| | - Nilofar
- Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya 42130, Turkey; (N.); (G.Z.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Botanic Garden “Giardino dei Semplici”, Università degli Studi “Gabriele d’Annunzio”, via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.M.); (C.F.); (S.C.D.S.)
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya 42130, Turkey; (N.); (G.Z.)
| | - Evren Yildiztugay
- Department of Biotechnology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya 42130, Turkey;
| | - Giovanni Caprioli
- Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project (ChIP), School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri 9/B, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (G.C.); (D.P.); (F.M.)
| | - Diletta Piatti
- Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project (ChIP), School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri 9/B, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (G.C.); (D.P.); (F.M.)
| | - Luigi Menghini
- Department of Pharmacy, Botanic Garden “Giardino dei Semplici”, Università degli Studi “Gabriele d’Annunzio”, via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.M.); (C.F.); (S.C.D.S.)
| | - Claudio Ferrante
- Department of Pharmacy, Botanic Garden “Giardino dei Semplici”, Università degli Studi “Gabriele d’Annunzio”, via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.M.); (C.F.); (S.C.D.S.)
| | - Simonetta Cristina Di Simone
- Department of Pharmacy, Botanic Garden “Giardino dei Semplici”, Università degli Studi “Gabriele d’Annunzio”, via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.M.); (C.F.); (S.C.D.S.)
| | - Annalisa Chiavaroli
- Department of Pharmacy, Botanic Garden “Giardino dei Semplici”, Università degli Studi “Gabriele d’Annunzio”, via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.M.); (C.F.); (S.C.D.S.)
| | - Filippo Maggi
- Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project (ChIP), School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri 9/B, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (G.C.); (D.P.); (F.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Ling Y, Xiong X, Yang W, Liu B, Shen Y, Xu L, Lu F, Li M, Guo Y, Zhang X. Comparative Analysis of Transcriptomics and Metabolomics Reveals Defense Mechanisms in Melon Cultivars against Pseudoperonospora cubensis Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17552. [PMID: 38139381 PMCID: PMC10743968 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Melon (Cucumis melo L.) represents an agriculturally significant horticultural crop that is widely grown for its flavorful fruits. Downy mildew (DM), a pervasive foliar disease, poses a significant threat to global melon production. Although several quantitative trait loci related to DM resistance have been identified, the comprehensive genetic underpinnings of this resistance remain largely uncharted. In this study, we utilized integrative transcriptomics and metabolomics approaches to identify potential resistance-associated genes and delineate the strategies involved in the defense against DM in two melon cultivars: the resistant 'PI442177' ('K10-1') and the susceptible 'Huangdanzi' ('K10-9'), post-P. cubensis infection. Even in the absence of the pathogen, there were distinctive differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between 'K10-1' and 'K10-9'. When P. cubensis was infected, certain genes, including flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO), receptor-like protein kinase FERONIA (FER), and the HD-ZIP transcription factor member, AtHB7, displayed pronounced expression differences between the cultivars. Notably, our data suggest that following P. cubensis infection, both cultivars suppressed flavonoid biosynthesis via the down-regulation of associated genes whilst concurrently promoting lignin production. The complex interplay of transcriptomic and metabolic responses elucidated by this study provides foundational insights into melon's defense mechanisms against DM. The robust resilience of 'K10-1' to DM is attributed to the synergistic interaction of its inherent transcriptomic and metabolic reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yueming Ling
- Hami-Melon Research Center, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China; (Y.L.); (W.Y.); (B.L.); (Y.S.); (L.X.); (M.L.)
| | - Xianpeng Xiong
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China;
| | - Wenli Yang
- Hami-Melon Research Center, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China; (Y.L.); (W.Y.); (B.L.); (Y.S.); (L.X.); (M.L.)
| | - Bin Liu
- Hami-Melon Research Center, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China; (Y.L.); (W.Y.); (B.L.); (Y.S.); (L.X.); (M.L.)
| | - Yue Shen
- Hami-Melon Research Center, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China; (Y.L.); (W.Y.); (B.L.); (Y.S.); (L.X.); (M.L.)
- College of Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830091, China
| | - Lirong Xu
- Hami-Melon Research Center, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China; (Y.L.); (W.Y.); (B.L.); (Y.S.); (L.X.); (M.L.)
- College of Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830091, China
| | - Fuyuan Lu
- College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China;
| | - Meihua Li
- Hami-Melon Research Center, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China; (Y.L.); (W.Y.); (B.L.); (Y.S.); (L.X.); (M.L.)
| | - Yangdong Guo
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xuejun Zhang
- Hami-Melon Research Center, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China; (Y.L.); (W.Y.); (B.L.); (Y.S.); (L.X.); (M.L.)
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Hainan Sanya Experimental Center for Crop Breeding, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572019, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Nicolescu CM, Bumbac M, Radulescu C, Buruleanu CL, Olteanu RL, Stanescu SG, Gorghiu LM, Serban BC, Buiu O. Phytochemical Statistical Mapping of Red Grape Varieties Cultivated in Romanian Organic and Conventional Vineyards. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:4179. [PMID: 38140506 PMCID: PMC10747049 DOI: 10.3390/plants12244179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Red grapes are rich in phytochemicals such as phenolics and flavonoids, which are strongly correlated with their antioxidant activity. Thus, grapes as-harvested and grape extracts, especially those obtained from their seeds and pulp, have been reported to have health benefits, and accordingly, grapes and their derivatives are considered potential functional food ingredients. The total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and the antioxidant activity of skin, pulp, and seeds of four grape varieties grown both in conventional and organic vineyards were examined in this study. Phytochemical characteristics of one native Romanian variety, Feteasca Neagra, were compared with data measured for three red grape varieties more commonly cultivated worldwide (Merlot, Pinot Noir, and Muscat Hamburg). It was found that the seeds of the Pinot Noir variety grown in an organic system contained the highest total phenolics of 169.53 ± 7.32 mg gallic acid equivalents/g and the highest total flavonoid content of 388.25 ± 10.72 mg quercetin equivalents/g, values corresponding to high antioxidant activity (312.84 ± 12.81 mg ascorbic acid equivalents/g). The total flavonoid content in the hydroalcoholic extracts obtained from seeds of Pinot Noir (organic vineyard) was around 24.5-fold higher than that of the skin of Pinot Noir (conventional vineyard). Experiments showed that seeds of all four tested grape varieties are good sources of total flavonoids, not only of total phenolics. When referring to the organic vineyard, the skin and pulp grapes showed good results for the total phenolic content. The antioxidant activities of the hydroalcoholic extracts were well-correlated with the total phenolic content and total flavonoid content. Lower values of these parameters were found for extracts obtained from skin and pulp than for those obtained from seeds of the same grape variety regardless of the culture management system (organic/conventional). Data mining techniques such as regression analysis, principal component analysis, and clustering analysis were applied to establish the potential correlation between the phytochemical content and the antioxidant activities of the red grapes on the one hand, and grape variety, anatomical parts, and vineyard type (organic/conventional) on the other hand.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Mihaela Nicolescu
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Science Technology, Valahia University of Targoviste, 13 Sinaia Alley, 130004 Targoviste, Romania; (C.M.N.); (C.R.); (R.L.O.); (S.G.S.)
| | - Marius Bumbac
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Science Technology, Valahia University of Targoviste, 13 Sinaia Alley, 130004 Targoviste, Romania; (C.M.N.); (C.R.); (R.L.O.); (S.G.S.)
- Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Valahia University of Targoviste, 13 Sinaia Alley, 130004 Targoviste, Romania;
| | - Cristiana Radulescu
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Science Technology, Valahia University of Targoviste, 13 Sinaia Alley, 130004 Targoviste, Romania; (C.M.N.); (C.R.); (R.L.O.); (S.G.S.)
- Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Valahia University of Targoviste, 13 Sinaia Alley, 130004 Targoviste, Romania;
| | - Claudia Lavinia Buruleanu
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Food Science, Valahia University of Targoviste, 13 Sinaia Alley, 130004 Targoviste, Romania
| | - Radu Lucian Olteanu
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Science Technology, Valahia University of Targoviste, 13 Sinaia Alley, 130004 Targoviste, Romania; (C.M.N.); (C.R.); (R.L.O.); (S.G.S.)
- Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Valahia University of Targoviste, 13 Sinaia Alley, 130004 Targoviste, Romania;
| | - Sorina Geanina Stanescu
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Science Technology, Valahia University of Targoviste, 13 Sinaia Alley, 130004 Targoviste, Romania; (C.M.N.); (C.R.); (R.L.O.); (S.G.S.)
| | - Laura Monica Gorghiu
- Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Valahia University of Targoviste, 13 Sinaia Alley, 130004 Targoviste, Romania;
| | - Bogdan Catalin Serban
- Research Centre for Nanotechnologies and Carbon-Based Nanomaterials, National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies—IMT Bucharest, 126 A Erou Iancu Nicolae Str., 077190 Voluntari, Romania; (B.C.S.); (O.B.)
| | - Octavian Buiu
- Research Centre for Nanotechnologies and Carbon-Based Nanomaterials, National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies—IMT Bucharest, 126 A Erou Iancu Nicolae Str., 077190 Voluntari, Romania; (B.C.S.); (O.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Martinez AA, Panuska C, Kurina-Sanz M, Rinaldoni AN, Orden AA. Undifferentiated Cells of Tessaria absinthioides with High Nutritional Value and Health-Promoting Phytochemicals. An Approach Based on Plant Cellular Agriculture. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 78:742-747. [PMID: 37737926 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-023-01105-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
In vitro cultures of undifferentiated plant cells of Tessaria absinthioides, a native herb popularly recognized and used for its health benefits, were studied as potential food supplements. These tissues were incubated under two light conditions, and the biomass obtained was freeze-dried and oven-dried. To evaluate their nutritional value, their physicochemical and functional properties were determined. Although in some cases there were significant differences in the results according to the drying methodology applied, all these tissues presented a high proportion of proteins (23.6-28.3%), a low percentage of fats (< 2%) constituted mainly by phytosterols, and a significant amount of crude fibers (6.9-9.0%) and ashes (> 10%). In addition, the freeze-dried calli resulted in a product with better functional properties. On the other hand, their phytochemical profiles and antioxidant capacity were studied and compared with tissues from wild specimens and with green tea and chamomile as reference extracts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antares A Martinez
- INTEQUI-CONICET, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Almirante Brown 1455, D5700ANW, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Camila Panuska
- INTEQUI-CONICET, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Almirante Brown 1455, D5700ANW, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Marcela Kurina-Sanz
- INTEQUI-CONICET, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Almirante Brown 1455, D5700ANW, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Ana N Rinaldoni
- INTEQUI-CONICET, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Almirante Brown 1455, D5700ANW, San Luis, Argentina.
| | - Alejandro A Orden
- INTEQUI-CONICET, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Almirante Brown 1455, D5700ANW, San Luis, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Mare R, Pujia R, Maurotti S, Greco S, Cardamone A, Coppoletta AR, Bonacci S, Procopio A, Pujia A. Assessment of Mediterranean Citrus Peel Flavonoids and Their Antioxidant Capacity Using an Innovative UV-Vis Spectrophotometric Approach. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:4046. [PMID: 38068680 PMCID: PMC10708307 DOI: 10.3390/plants12234046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Citrus fruits exert various beneficial health effects due to the large amount of polyphenols they contain. Citrus peels, often considered food waste, contain several health-promoting polyphenols. Among these, flavonoids have long been quantified through colorimetric assays which, if not adequately applied, can lead to conflicting results. Flavonoids possess strong antioxidant properties and can decrease circulating free radicals, thereby reducing oxidative stress phenomena. Quantifying flavonoids and properly estimating their antioxidant capacity allows us to predict plausible beneficial effects of citrus fruits on human health. The aim of this research was to analyze the advantageous phenolic compounds found in the peels of citrus fruits commonly found in the Mediterranean region. The objective was to measure their antioxidant capacity and ability to neutralize free radicals. To achieve this purpose, UV-visible spectrophotometric analyses, liquid chromatography (LC) and Electron Paramagnetic Spectroscopy (EPR) were utilized and compared, finally suggesting an innovative approach for assessing the overall flavonoid content by the nitrite-aluminum assay. HPLC data demonstrated that hesperidin was the most abundant flavonoid in all peel extracts except for orange peels, in which naringin was the predominant flavonoid. The total flavonoid content was greater than 1.3 mg/mL in all extracts, with tangerine and orange yielding the best results. Citrus peel polyphenols exerted strong antioxidant and free radical scavenging effects, inhibiting up to 75% of the free radicals used as reference in the EPR analyses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Mare
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (R.P.); (S.G.); (A.P.)
| | - Roberta Pujia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (R.P.); (S.G.); (A.P.)
| | - Samantha Maurotti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Simona Greco
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (R.P.); (S.G.); (A.P.)
| | - Antonio Cardamone
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health IRC-FSH, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (A.C.); (A.R.C.)
| | - Anna Rita Coppoletta
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health IRC-FSH, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (A.C.); (A.R.C.)
| | - Sonia Bonacci
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (S.B.); (A.P.)
| | - Antonio Procopio
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (S.B.); (A.P.)
| | - Arturo Pujia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (R.P.); (S.G.); (A.P.)
- Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic Diseases, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Dakhli N, Rtibi K, Arrari F, Ayari A, Sebai H. Prophylactic Coloprotective Effect of Urtica dioica Leaves against Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS)-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Rats. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1990. [PMID: 38004039 PMCID: PMC10673539 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59111990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Urtica dioica, a source of bioactive functional compounds, provides nutritional and gastrointestinal therapeutic benefits. This study attempted to investigate the prophylactic coloprotective action of an aqueous extract of Urtica dioica (AEUD) on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC). Materials and Methods: Phenolic compounds, total sugar, and mineral levels were determined in AEUD. Then, AEUD at different doses (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, BW, p.o.) and mesalazine (MESA) as a standard treatment (100 mg/kg, BW, p.o.) were given orally for 21 days. Acute colitis was induced by administering drinking water with 5% (w/v) DSS for 7 days. Body weight variation, fecal occult blood, and stool consistency were determined daily. The severity of colitis was graded according to colon length, disease activity index (DAI), histological evaluations, and biochemical alterations. Rats orally administered DSS regularly developed clinical and macroscopic signs of colitis. Results: Due to its richness in phenolic and flavonoid compounds (247.65 ± 2.69 mg EAG/g MS and 34.08 ± 0.53 mg EQt/g MS, respectively), AEUD markedly ameliorated DAI, ulcer scores, colon length shortening, colonic histopathological changes, and hematological and biochemical modifications. Taken together, AEUD treatment notably (p < 0.01) suppressed DSS-induced UC by reducing oxidative stress via lowering MDA/H2O2 production and stimulating the effect of enzyme antioxidants as well as attenuating inflammation by decreasing CRP levels by 79.5% between the DSS and DSS + AEUD-50 groups compared to the MESA group (75.6%). Conclusions: AEUD was sufficient to exert a coloprotective effect that might be influenced by its bioactive compounds' anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capabilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fatma Arrari
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-Ressources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, Beja 382-9000, Tunisia; (N.D.); (K.R.)
| | | | - Hichem Sebai
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-Ressources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, Beja 382-9000, Tunisia; (N.D.); (K.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Zhang X, Liang X, He S, Tian H, Liu W, Jia Y, Zhang L, Zhang W, Kuang H, Chen J. Seed color in lettuce is determined by the LsTT2, LsCHS, and Ls2OGD genes from the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2023; 136:241. [PMID: 37930450 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04491-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE The mutated LsTT2 and Ls2OGD genes are responsible for white seeds and yellow seeds in lettuce, respectively. Three LsCHS genes are involved in the biosynthesis of flavonoid in seed coats. Lettuce seeds have several different colors, including black, yellow, and white. The genetic mechanisms underlying color variations of lettuce seeds remain unknown. We used genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and map-based cloning approaches to clone genes controlling the color of lettuce seeds. LsTT2, which encodes an R2R3-MYB transcription factor and is homologous to the TT2 gene in Arabidopsis, was shown to be the causal gene for the variation of black and white seeds in lettuce. A point mutation leads to the lack of stop codon in the LsTT2 transcript, resulting in white seeds. Knockout of the LsTT2 gene converted black seeds to white seeds. The locus controlling yellow seeds was mapped to Chromosome 2. Knockout of two 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases (2OGD) genes from the candidate region converted black seeds to yellow seeds, suggesting that these two 2OGD proteins catalyze the conversion of yellow metabolites to black metabolites. We also showed that three LsCHS genes from the candidate region are associated with flavonoid biosynthesis in seeds. Knockout mutants of the three LsCHS genes decreased color intensity. This study provides new insights into the regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Fruit and Vegetable Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Liang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Fruit and Vegetable Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuping He
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Fruit and Vegetable Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Tian
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Fruit and Vegetable Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenye Liu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Fruit and Vegetable Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Jia
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Fruit and Vegetable Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics and Comparative Genomics, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiyi Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Fruit and Vegetable Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanhui Kuang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Fruit and Vegetable Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiongjiong Chen
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Fruit and Vegetable Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Rodriguez-Canales M, Medina-Romero YM, Rodriguez-Monroy MA, Nava-Solis U, Bolaños-Cruz SI, Mendoza-Romero MJ, Campos JE, Hernandez-Hernandez AB, Chirino YI, Cruz-Sanchez T, Garcia-Tovar CG, Canales-Martinez MM. Activity of propolis from Mexico on the proliferation and virulence factors of Candida albicans. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:325. [PMID: 37924042 PMCID: PMC10625287 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-03064-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This research evaluated the anti-Candida albicans effect of Mexican propolis from Chihuahua. Chemical composition of the ethanolic extract of propolis was determined by GC-MS, HPLC-DAD, and HPLC-MS. The presence of anthraquinone, aromatic acid, fatty acids, flavonoids, and carbohydrates was revealed. RESULTS The anti-Candida activity of propolis was determined. The inhibitions halos were between 10.0 to 11.8 mm; 25% minimum inhibitory concentration (0.5 mg/ml) was fungistatic, and 50% minimum inhibitory concentration (1.0 mg/ml) was fungicidal. The effect of propolis on the capability of C. albicans to change its morphology was evaluated. 25% minimum inhibitory concentration inhibited to 50% of germ tube formation. Staining with calcofluor-white and propidium iodide was performed, showing that the propolis affected the integrity of the cell membrane. INT1 gene expression was evaluated by qRT-PCR. Propolis significantly inhibited the expression of the INT1 gene encodes an adhesin (Int1p). Chihuahua propolis extract inhibited the proliferation of Candida albicans, the development of the germ tube, and the synthesis of adhesin INT1. CONCLUSIONS Given the properties demonstrated for Chihuahua propolis, we propose that it is a candidate to be considered as an ideal antifungal agent to help treat this infection since it would not have the toxic effects of conventional antifungals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Rodriguez-Canales
- Pharmacognosy Laboratory, Biotechnology and Prototypes Unit, Faculty of Higher Studies Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Av. de los Barrios No. 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, Edo. de México, C.P. 54090, Mexico.
| | - Yoli Mariana Medina-Romero
- Pharmacognosy Laboratory, Biotechnology and Prototypes Unit, Faculty of Higher Studies Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Av. de los Barrios No. 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, Edo. de México, C.P. 54090, Mexico
| | - Marco Aurelio Rodriguez-Monroy
- Biomedical Research Laboratory in Natural Products, Medicine Career, Faculty of Higher Studies Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Avenida de los Barrios Numero 1, Colonia Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, Edo. de Mexico, C.P. 54090, Mexico
| | - Uriel Nava-Solis
- Pharmacognosy Laboratory, Biotechnology and Prototypes Unit, Faculty of Higher Studies Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Av. de los Barrios No. 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, Edo. de México, C.P. 54090, Mexico
| | - Sandra Isabel Bolaños-Cruz
- Pharmacognosy Laboratory, Biotechnology and Prototypes Unit, Faculty of Higher Studies Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Av. de los Barrios No. 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, Edo. de México, C.P. 54090, Mexico
| | - Maria Jimena Mendoza-Romero
- Pharmacognosy Laboratory, Biotechnology and Prototypes Unit, Faculty of Higher Studies Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Av. de los Barrios No. 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, Edo. de México, C.P. 54090, Mexico
| | - Jorge E Campos
- Molecular Biochemistry Laboratory, Biotechnology and Prototypes Unit, Faculty of Higher Studies Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Av. de los Barrios No. 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, Edo. de México, C.P. 54090, México
| | - Ana Bertha Hernandez-Hernandez
- Pharmacognosy Laboratory, Biotechnology and Prototypes Unit, Faculty of Higher Studies Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Av. de los Barrios No. 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, Edo. de México, C.P. 54090, Mexico
| | - Yolanda I Chirino
- Laboratory 10, Carcinogenesis and Toxicology, Biomedicine Unit, Faculty of Higher Studies Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Avenida de los Barrios Numero 1, Colonia Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, Edo. de Mexico, C.P. 54090, Mexico
| | - Tonatiuh Cruz-Sanchez
- Propolis Analysis Service Laboratory, Faculty of Higher Studies Cuautitlan, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Av. Teoloyucan Km 2.5, San Sebastian Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Edo. de México, C.P. 54714, México
| | - Carlos Gerardo Garcia-Tovar
- Laboratory of Veterinary Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Higher Studies Cuautitlan, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Av. Teoloyucan Km 2.5, San Sebastian Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de México, CP 54714, México
| | - Maria Margarita Canales-Martinez
- Pharmacognosy Laboratory, Biotechnology and Prototypes Unit, Faculty of Higher Studies Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Av. de los Barrios No. 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, Edo. de México, C.P. 54090, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Le DD, Yu S, Dang T, Lee M. Molecular Networking and Bioassay-Guided Preparation and Separation of Active Extract and Constituents from Vicia tenuifolia Roth. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1876. [PMID: 37891955 PMCID: PMC10604256 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12101876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular networking drove the selection of material from V. tenuifolia organs that targeted active flavonoid glycosides. To optimize the extraction process, the flowers of V. tenuifolia were used to produce an anti-inflammatory extract. The effects of variables-organic solvent ratio; extraction time; and temperature-were investigated by the response of anti-inflammatory activity. Bioactivities-guided experiments helped identify fractions with high total phenolic and flavonoid content as well as antioxidant potential. Furthermore, one new compound (1), 19 first isolated together, and two known compounds were obtained and identified from the active fraction of this plant. Among them, compounds (15 and 22) were first reported for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data from this study. All the isolates were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory capacity throughout, modulating nitric oxide (NO), interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-8 production. Active compounds were further investigated for their regulation and binding affinity to the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) proteins by Western blot and in silico approaches, respectively. The findings of this study suggested that the developed extract method, active fraction, and pure components should be further investigated as promising candidates for treating inflammation and oxidation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mina Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungangno, Suncheon 57922, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea; (D.D.L.); (S.Y.); (T.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Shaikh HY, Niazi SK, Bepari A, Cordero MAW, Sheereen S, Hussain SA, Rudrappa M, Nagaraja SK, Agadi SN. Biological Characterization of Cleome felina L.f. Extracts for Phytochemical, Antimicrobial, and Hepatoprotective Activities in Wister Albino Rats. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1506. [PMID: 37887207 PMCID: PMC10604301 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12101506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aims to explore the phytochemical constitution and biological activities of Cleome felina L.f. (Cleomaceae). C. felina (leaves, stem, and root) extracts (acetone, methanol, and water) were qualitatively assessed for phytochemical presence. Methanolic leaves extract revealed more positive phyto-compounds among all the extracts; further, methanolic leaves extract was evaluated for FTIR, EDX, GCMS, antimicrobial assay, acute toxicity, and paracetamol-induced hepatoprotective activity in Wister albino rats. FTIR and EDX analysis unveiled important functional groups and elements in the leaves. GCMS analysis of methanolic leaves extract exposed 12 active phyto-compounds: major constituents detected were 1-Butanol, 3-methyl-, formate-48.79%; 1-Decanol, 2-ethyl-13.40%; 1,6-Anhydro-β-d-talopyranose-12.49%; Ethene, 1,2-bis(methylthio)-7.22%; Decane-4.02%; 3-Methylene-7, 11-dimethyl-1-dodecene-3.085%; Amlexanox-2.50%; 1,2,3,4-Cyclopentanetetrol, (1α,2β,3β,4α)-2.07%; L-Cysteine S-sulfate-1.84%; n-Hexadecanoic acid-1.70%; and Flucarbazone-1.55%. The antimicrobial assay showed a moderate zone of inhibition against S. aureus, B. cereus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, C. albicans, and C. glabrata at 100 µL/mL concentration. Additionally, acute toxicity revealed no behavioral sign of the toxic effect. The significant results were obtained for methanolic leaves extract (low-50 and high-100 mg/kg b.wt. dose) for hepatoprotective activity, where it dramatically reduced serum blood biochemical markers (AST, ALT, ALP, Total bilirubin, and cholesterol) and exhibited elevated hepatic antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, and GSH) concentration with lipid peroxidation retardation. To conclude, C. felina methanolic leaves extract ameliorated important phytochemical compounds and showed significant antimicrobial and hepatoprotective efficacy; therefore, utilization of C. felina leaves suggested in pharmacological applications, and in numerous cosmetics, herbicides, and food industries, would be a great scope for future hepatoprotective drug designing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heena Yaqub Shaikh
- Department of P.G. Studies in Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, Karnataka, India; (H.Y.S.); (M.R.); (S.K.N.)
| | - Shaik Kalimulla Niazi
- Department of Preparatory Health Sciences, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh 12611, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Asmatanzeem Bepari
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia; (A.B.); (M.A.W.C.)
| | - Mary Anne Wong Cordero
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia; (A.B.); (M.A.W.C.)
| | - Shazima Sheereen
- Department of Pathology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore 576104, Karnataka, India;
| | - Syed Arif Hussain
- Respiratory Care Department, College of Applied Science, Almaarefa University, Diriyah, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Muthuraj Rudrappa
- Department of P.G. Studies in Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, Karnataka, India; (H.Y.S.); (M.R.); (S.K.N.)
| | | | - Shekappa Ningappa Agadi
- Department of P.G. Studies in Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, Karnataka, India; (H.Y.S.); (M.R.); (S.K.N.)
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Alarjani KM, Yehia HM, Badr AN, Ali HS, Al-Masoud AH, Alhaqbani SM, Alkhatib SA, Rady AM. Anti-MRSA and Biological Activities of Propolis Concentrations Loaded to Chitosan Nanoemulsion for Pharmaceutics Applications. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2386. [PMID: 37896146 PMCID: PMC10610434 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15102386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Propolis is a naturally occurring substance with beneficial properties; bees produce it from various plant sources, and it is an anti-inflammatory and therapeutic resinous substance. This study aimed to enhance the biological features of propolis extract by loading it onto active film. Firstly, extraction was performed using three solvent systems, and their total phenolic, flavonoid, and antioxidant activity was measured. Propolis ethanol extract (EEP) was evaluated for phenolic fraction content and then chosen to prepare a chitosan-loaded emulsion with several concentrations. The antibacterial, anti-mycotic, and anti-mycotoxigenic properties of the extract and nanoemulsion were assessed. PPE's cytotoxicity and nanoemulsion were evaluated using brine shrimp and cell line assays. Results indicate higher phenolic (322.57 ± 4.28 mg GAE/g DW), flavonoid (257.64 ± 5.27 mg QE/g DW), and antioxidant activity of the EEP. The phenolic fraction is distinguished by 18 phenolic acids with high p-hydroxybenzoic content (171.75 ± 1.64 µg/g) and 12 flavonoid compounds with high pinocembrin and quercetin content (695.91 ± 1.76 and 532.35 ± 1.88 µg/g, respectively). Phenolic acid derivatives (3,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde, 3,4-Dihydroxyphenol acetate, and di-methoxy cinnamic) are also found. Concentrations of 50, 100, 150, and 200 ng EEP loaded on chitosan nanoemulsion reflect significant antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria, particularly methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and toxigenic fungi, particularly Fusarium. Among the four EEP-loaded concentrations, the nanoemulsion with 150 ng showed outstanding features. Using a simulated medium, 150 and 200 ng of EEP-loaded chitosan nanoemulsion concentrations can stop zearalenone production in Fusarium media with complete fungi inhibition. Also, it reduced aflatoxins production in Aspergillus media, with fungal inhibition (up to 47.18%). These results recommended the EEP-chitosan application for pharmaceutics and medical use as a comprehensive wound healing agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khaloud Mohammed Alarjani
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia (S.M.A.); (A.M.R.)
| | - Hany Mohamed Yehia
- Food Science and Nutrition Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ahmed Noah Badr
- Food Toxicology and Contaminants Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Hatem Salma Ali
- Food Technology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt;
| | - Abdulrahman Hamad Al-Masoud
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia (S.M.A.); (A.M.R.)
| | - Sarah Mubark Alhaqbani
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia (S.M.A.); (A.M.R.)
| | - Shahad Ahmed Alkhatib
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia (S.M.A.); (A.M.R.)
| | - Ahmed Moustafa Rady
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia (S.M.A.); (A.M.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Merecz-Sadowska A, Sitarek P, Kowalczyk T, Palusiak M, Hoelm M, Zajdel K, Zajdel R. In Vitro Evaluation and In Silico Calculations of the Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Secondary Metabolites from Leonurus sibiricus L. Root Extracts. Molecules 2023; 28:6550. [PMID: 37764326 PMCID: PMC10537019 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Leonurus sibiricus L. has great ethnobotanical and ethnomedicinal significance. This study aimed to assess the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of Leonurus sibiricus L. transgenic roots extracts transformed by Rhizobium rhizogenes, with and without the AtPAP1 transcriptional factor. The study determined the total phenolic and flavonoid contents, as well as in vitro antioxidant assays, including hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide scavenging activity. In addition, in silico computational studies and molecular docking were conducted to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of the identified compounds. The ligands were docked to NADPH oxidase, cyclooxygenase 2,5-lipoxygenase, inducible nitric synthase and xanthine oxidase: enzymes involved in the inflammatory process. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents ranged from 85.3 ± 0.35 to 57.4 ± 0.15 mg/g GAE/g and 25.6 ± 0.42 to 18.2 ± 0.44 mg/g QUE/g in hairy root extracts with and without AtPAP1, respectively. H2O2 scavenging activity (IC50) was found to be 29.3 µg/mL (with AtPAP1) and 37.5 µg/mL (without AtPAP1 transcriptional factor), and NO scavenging activity (IC50) was 48.0 µg/mL (with AtPAP1) and 68.8 µg/mL (without AtPAP1 transcriptional factor). Leonurus sibiricus L. transformed root extracts, both with and without AtPAP1, are a source of phytochemicals belonging to different classes of molecules, such as flavonoids (catechin and rutin), phenolic compounds (caffeic acid, coumaric acid, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid) and phenylpropanoid (verbascoside). Among the radicals formed after H removal from the different -OH positions, the lowest bond dissociation enthalpy was observed for rutin (4'-OH). Rutin was found to bind with cyclooxygenase 2, inducible nitric synthases and xanthine oxidase, whereas chlorogenic acid demonstrated optimal binding with 5-lipoxygenase. Therefore, it appears that the Leonurus sibiricus L. transformed root extract, both with and without the AtPAP1 transcriptional factor, may serve as a potential source of active components with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential; however, the extract containing AtPAP1 demonstrates superior activities. These properties could be beneficial for human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Merecz-Sadowska
- Department of Economic and Medical Informatics, University of Lodz, 90-214 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Przemysław Sitarek
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-151 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Kowalczyk
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Marcin Palusiak
- Theoretical and Structural Group, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (M.P.); (M.H.)
| | - Marta Hoelm
- Theoretical and Structural Group, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (M.P.); (M.H.)
| | - Karolina Zajdel
- Department of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-645 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Radosław Zajdel
- Department of Economic and Medical Informatics, University of Lodz, 90-214 Lodz, Poland;
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Hou T, Guo Y, Han W, Zhou Y, Netala VR, Li H, Li H, Zhang Z. Exploring the Biomedical Applications of Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles Using Perilla frutescens Flavonoid Extract: Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Cell Toxicity Properties against Colon Cancer Cells. Molecules 2023; 28:6431. [PMID: 37687260 PMCID: PMC10490294 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study reports the biomimetic synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using a simple, cost effective and eco-friendly method. In this method, the flavonoid extract of Perilla frutescens (PFFE) was used as a bioreduction agent for the reduction of metallic silver into nanosilver, called P. frutescens flavonoid extract silver nanoparticles (PFFE-AgNPs). The Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) spectrum showed a characteristic absorption peak at 440 nm that confirmed the synthesis of PFFE-AgNPs. A Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic (FTIR) analysis of the PFFE-AgNPs revealed that flavonoids are involved in the bioreduction and capping processes. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns confirmed the face-centered cubic (FCC) crystal structure of PFFE-AgNPs. A transmission electron microscopic (TEM) analysis indicated that the synthesized PFFE-AgNPs are 20 to 70 nm in size with spherical morphology and without any aggregation. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) studies showed that the average hydrodynamic size was 44 nm. A polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.321 denotes the monodispersed nature of PFFE-AgNPs. Further, a highly negative surface charge or zeta potential value (-30 mV) indicates the repulsion, non-aggregation, and stability of PFFE-AgNPs. PFFE-AgNPs showed cytotoxic effects against cancer cell lines, including human colon carcinoma (COLO205) and mouse melanoma (B16F10), with IC50 concentrations of 59.57 and 69.33 μg/mL, respectively. PFFE-AgNPs showed a significant inhibition of both Gram-positive (Listeria monocytogens and Enterococcus faecalis) and Gram-negative (Salmonella typhi and Acinetobacter baumannii) bacteria pathogens. PFFE-AgNPs exhibited in vitro antioxidant activity by quenching 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) free radicals with IC50 values of 72.81 and 92.48 µg/mL, respectively. In this study, we also explained the plausible mechanisms of the biosynthesis, anticancer, and antibacterial effects of PFFE-AgNPs. Overall, these findings suggest that PFFE-AgNPs have potential as a multi-functional nanomaterial for biomedical applications, particularly in cancer therapy and infection control. However, it is important to note that further research is needed to determine the safety and efficacy of these nanoparticles in vivo, as well as to explore their potential in other areas of medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Hou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China; (Y.G.); (W.H.); (Y.Z.); (V.R.N.); (H.L.); (H.L.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Zhijun Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China; (Y.G.); (W.H.); (Y.Z.); (V.R.N.); (H.L.); (H.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Yang J, Lou J, Zhong W, Li Y, He Y, Su S, Chen X, Zhu B. Chemical Profile of Turnip According to the Plant Part and the Cultivar: A Multivariate Approach. Foods 2023; 12:3195. [PMID: 37685128 PMCID: PMC10486609 DOI: 10.3390/foods12173195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Turnip (Brassica rapa subsp. rapa) is a cruciferous plant cultivated worldwide that serves as a source of nutrients and bioactive compounds. Most turnip studies have focused on a few compounds or on part of the plant. The establishment of a complete chemical profile of different plant parts would facilitate its use for nutritional and medicinal purposes. In the current study, mineral elements, soluble sugars, free amino acids (FAA), total phenols (TP), total flavonoids (TF), and glucosinolates (GS) were quantified in the leaves, stems, and roots. Results were compared for 20 strains of turnip. The outcomes showed significant differences between parts of the plant and strains. The leaves exhibited the highest TF, TP, indispensable FAA, and microelement levels, and they showed a higher GS. Moreover, the stems had a high content of GS and macroelements. Furthermore, the roots showed high levels of free sugars and total FAA. The findings of this work provide the basis for utilizing each part of the turnip plant based on its chemical composition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China (Y.L.); (Y.H.)
| | - Jiashu Lou
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China (Y.L.); (Y.H.)
| | - Weiwei Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China (Y.L.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yaochen Li
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China (Y.L.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yong He
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China (Y.L.); (Y.H.)
| | - Shiwen Su
- Wenzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wenzhou 325006, China (X.C.)
| | - Xianzhi Chen
- Wenzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wenzhou 325006, China (X.C.)
| | - Biao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China (Y.L.); (Y.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Biernacka P, Felisiak K, Adamska I, Śnieg M, Podsiadło C. Effect of Brewing Conditions on Antioxidant Properties of Ginkgo biloba Leaves Infusion. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1455. [PMID: 37507994 PMCID: PMC10376522 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the growing awareness of the importance of healthy eating in society, there is an increasing interest in the use of herbs and low-processed, natural products. Ginkgo biloba is a raw material with a high pro-health potential, which is related to the high content of antioxidant compounds. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between the antioxidant activity of Ginkgo biloba leaf infusions and the weighted amount of leaves and brewing time. In addition, a sensory analysis of the infusions obtained was carried out. The innovation is to determine the migration of micro- and macroelements to the infusion prepared from Ginkgo biloba depending on the leaves' weight used and the brewing time. The research showed the dependence of the antioxidant activity of the infusions and the migration of microelements on the size of the dried material and the brewing time. In the publication, the main factors influencing the quality of infusions were analysed, their mutual correlations were determined, and combinations showing the highest antioxidant activity and, at the same time, the highest sensory acceptability were selected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Biernacka
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Fisheries, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, 70-310 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Felisiak
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Fisheries, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, 70-310 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Iwona Adamska
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Fisheries, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, 70-310 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Marek Śnieg
- Department of Agroengineering, Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, 70-310 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Cezary Podsiadło
- Department of Agroengineering, Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, 70-310 Szczecin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Popov M, Kubeš J, Vachová P, Hnilička F, Zemanová V, Česká J, Praus L, Lhotská M, Kudrna J, Tunklová B, Štengl K, Krucký J, Turnovec T. Effect of Arsenic Soil Contamination on Stress Response Metabolites, 5-Methylcytosine Level and CDC25 Expression in Spinach. TOXICS 2023; 11:568. [PMID: 37505533 PMCID: PMC10383220 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11070568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Experimental spinach plants grown in soil with (5, 10 and 20 ppm) arsenic (As) contamination were sampled in 21 days after As(V) contamination. Levels of As in spinach samples (from 0.31 ± 0.06 µg g-1 to 302.69 ± 11.83 µg g-1) were higher in roots and lower in leaves, which indicates a low ability of spinach to translocate As into leaves. Species of arsenic, As(III) and As(V), were represented in favor of the As (III) specie in contaminated variants, suggesting enzymatic arsenate reduction. In relation to predominant As accumulation in roots, changes in malondialdehyde levels were observed mainly in roots, where they decreased significantly with growing As contamination (from 11.97 ± 0.54 µg g-1 in control to 2.35 ± 0.43 µg g-1 in 20 ppm As). Higher values in roots than in leaves were observed in the case of 5-methylcytosine (5-mC). Despite that, a change in 5-mC by As contamination was further deepened in leaves (from 0.20 to 14.10%). In roots of spinach, expression of the CDC25 gene increased by the highest As contamination compared to the control. In the case of total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, total phenolic acids content and total antioxidant capacity were higher levels in leaves in all values, unlike the roots.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marek Popov
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kubeš
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Pavla Vachová
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - František Hnilička
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Zemanová
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Česká
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Praus
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Lhotská
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Kudrna
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Tunklová
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Štengl
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Krucký
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Turnovec
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Zhang M, Chang C, Li J, Sun Y, Cai Y, Gu L, Xiong W, Yang Y, Su Y. Comparative study on the effect of inhibitory methods on the color and gelation properties of alkali induced heat-set konjac gel from Amorphophallus bulbifer. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 237:123975. [PMID: 36907300 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
As a newly superior konjac variety, the Amorphophallus bulbifer (A. bulbifer) was easily browning during the alkali-induced process. In this study, five different inhibitory methods, such as citric-acid heat pretreatment (CAT), mixed with citric acid (CA), mixed with ascorbic acid (AA), mixed with L-cysteine (CYS), and mixed with potato starch (PS, containing TiO2), were separately used to inhibit the browning of alkali-induced heat-set A. bulbifer gel (ABG). The color and gelation properties were then investigated and compared. Results showed that the inhibitory methods had significant influences on the appearance, color, physicochemical properties, rheological properties, and microstructures of ABG. Among them, the CAT method not only significantly inhibited the browning of ABG (ΔE value dropped from 25.74 to 14.68) but also improved the water-holding capacity, moisture distribution, and thermal stability without damaging the textural properties of ABG. Moreover, SEM revealed that both CAT and adding PS methods could exhibit the more dense gel network structures of ABG than other methods. It was reasonable to conclude that ABG-CAT offered a superior method to prevent browning compared to the other methods based on the texture, microstructure, color, appearance, and thermal stability of the product.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mianzhang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Cuihua Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Junhua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yuanyuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yundan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Luping Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Wen Xiong
- Hunan Jiapin Jiawei Technology Development Group Co. LTD, Hunan Engineering & Technology Research Center for Food Flavors and Flavorings, Jinshi, Hunan 415400, China
| | - Yanjun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Hunan Jiapin Jiawei Technology Development Group Co. LTD, Hunan Engineering & Technology Research Center for Food Flavors and Flavorings, Jinshi, Hunan 415400, China
| | - Yujie Su
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Hunan Jiapin Jiawei Technology Development Group Co. LTD, Hunan Engineering & Technology Research Center for Food Flavors and Flavorings, Jinshi, Hunan 415400, China.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Silva DJS, Santos JAV, Pinto JCN, Llorent-Martínez EJ, Castilho PC, Batista de Carvalho LAE, Marques MPM, Barroca MJ, Moreira da Silva A, da Costa RMF. Spectrochemical analysis of seasonal and sexual variation of antioxidants in Corema album (L.) D. Don leaf extracts. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 299:122816. [PMID: 37192576 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive phytoconstituents have been increasingly investigated for their potential human health benefits. Corema album (L.) D. Don, an Ericaceae, reportedly has antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer properties. Aiming at enhancing its nutraceutical potential, we performed a spectrochemical analysis of hydroethanolic extracts from C. album leaves. We report on changes in the antioxidant activity of the extracts, as well as in the accumulation of key phytoconstituents (namely phenolic compounds), in female and male samples, throughout three harvesting seasons (February, July, and October). For each extract, the antioxidant activity was assessed by different spectrophotometric methods. Simultaneously, attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform mid-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR), and high-performance liquid chromatography - electrospray ionisation - quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS), were used to identify and monitor variations in the composition of phenolic compounds in the extracts. The main compounds identified were epicatechin, laricitrin-O-hexoside isomers, and myricetin-O-hexoside isomers. Significant differences were found in the composition and relative abundance of the compounds of interest, according to sex and season. Overall, a trend was observed whereby phenolic content and antioxidant activities were higher in males and increased between the earlier and the latest harvests. Based on these results, we may conclude that late summer or early autumn harvests are preferable when aiming at the highest yearly content of bioactive compounds. Additionally, it should be considered that extracts from male individuals typically display higher antioxidant activities. Ultimately, our understanding of C. album in the context of nutraceutical applications is benefited from the quantitative and qualitative portrait provided here, thus promoting its relevance as a source of bioactive compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela J S Silva
- Molecular Physical-Chemistry R&D Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João A V Santos
- Molecular Physical-Chemistry R&D Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Joana C N Pinto
- CQM - Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Eulogio J Llorent-Martínez
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, E-23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Paula C Castilho
- CQM - Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Luís A E Batista de Carvalho
- Molecular Physical-Chemistry R&D Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria Paula M Marques
- Molecular Physical-Chemistry R&D Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal; Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria João Barroca
- Molecular Physical-Chemistry R&D Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal; Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Agriculture School, 3045-601 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Aida Moreira da Silva
- Molecular Physical-Chemistry R&D Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal; Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Agriculture School, 3045-601 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ricardo M F da Costa
- Molecular Physical-Chemistry R&D Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|