1
|
Liu Z, Yuan J, Zeng Q, Wu Z, Han J. UBAP2 contributes to radioresistance by enhancing homologous recombination through SLC27A5 ubiquitination in hepatocellular carcinoma. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167481. [PMID: 39186963 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Radiotherapy stands as an effective method in the clinical treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. However, both primary and acquired radioresistance limit its clinical application in HCC. Therefore, investigating the mechanism of radioresistance may provide other options for treating HCC. Based on single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and HCC transcriptome datasets, 227 feature genes with prognostic value were selected to establish the tSNE score. The tSNE score emerged as an independent prognostic factor for HCC and correlated with cell proliferation and radioresistance-related biological functions. UBAP2 was identified as the most relevant gene with the tSNE score, consistently elevated in human HCC samples, and positively associated with patient prognosis. Functionally, UBAP2 knockdown impeded HCC development and reduced radiation resistance in vitro and in vivo. The ectopic expression of SLC27A5 reversed the effects of UBAP2. Mechanically, we uncovered that UBAP2, through the ubiquitin-proteasome system, decreased the homologous recombination-related gene RAD51, not the non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ)-related gene CTIP, by degrading the antioncogene SLC27A5, thereby generating radioresistance in HCC. The findings recapitulated that UBAP2 promoted HCC progression and radioresistance via SLC27A5 stability mediated by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. It was also suggested that targeting the UBAP2/SLC27A5 axis could be a valuable radiosensitization strategy in HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Liu
- Laboratory of Liquid Biopsy and Single Cell Research, Department of Radiation Oncology and Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
| | - Jingsheng Yuan
- Liver Transplant Center, Transplant Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Qiwen Zeng
- Liver Transplant Center, Transplant Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Zhenru Wu
- Laboratory of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHC, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jiaqi Han
- Laboratory of Liquid Biopsy and Single Cell Research, Department of Radiation Oncology and Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lv X, Liu Y, Liu S, Liu Y, Qu Y, Cai Q. Metabonomics and pharmacodynamics studies of Gentiana radix and wine-processed Gentiana radix in damp-heat jaundice syndrome rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 332:118291. [PMID: 38705427 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Gentiana radix (GR) and wine-processed Gentiana radix (WGR) have been commonly used in folk medicine for the treatment of bile or liver disorders, including jaundice, hepatitis, swelling and inflammation for thousands of years. However, the therapeutic effects of gentian root (GR) and wine-made gentian root (WGR) treatment on damp-heat jaundice syndrome (DHJS) have not been studied in animal experiments. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the protective effects and mechanisms of GR and WGR on DHJS in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a high-fat and high-sugar diet in a humidified hot environment, hepatic injury induced by giving alpha-naphthalene isothiocyanate (ANIT) in rats were used as a DHJS model. Histological analysis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), PCR analysis, and metabolomics were used to elucidate the mechanism of GR and WGR for DHJS. RESULTS The results indicated that GR and WGR affected DHJS by inhibiting the release of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), direct bilirubin (D-BIL), total bilirubin (TBIL), total bile acid (TBA), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione S-transferase (GST) (P < 0.05). In addition, they significantly reduced the gene expression levels of Na+/taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP), bile salt export pump (BESP), multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2) and multidrug resistance-associated protein 3 (MRP3) (P < 0.05). The WGR group improved the above function indicators better than the GR group. GR and WGR could restore 11 potential biomarkers in rats with DHJS tended to return to normal levels, these biomarkers were involved in arachidonic acid metabolism, steroid hormone biosynthesis, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism, retinol metabolism, arginine biosynthesis. The results of the metabolic pathway showed that WGR was significantly better than GR in the improvement of porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that treatment with GR and WGR has a beneficial effect on DHJS in rats, the major mechanisms may be involved in improving functional indicators of the body and endogenous metabolism, and WGR is more effective than GR. It provides important evidence for the clinical application of GR and WGR in the treatment of DHJS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Lv
- Department of Chinese Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 77, 1st Life Road, D D Port, Dalian, 116600, People's Republic of China; Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, Ocean and Life Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, 2, Dagong Road, Liaodongwan New District, Panjin, 124221, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangzhi Liu
- Department of Chinese Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 77, 1st Life Road, D D Port, Dalian, 116600, People's Republic of China; Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, Ocean and Life Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, 2, Dagong Road, Liaodongwan New District, Panjin, 124221, People's Republic of China
| | - Shujing Liu
- Shenyang Institute for Food and Drug Control, 67, Qiuyue Lake Street, Shenbei New District, Shenyang, 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhan Liu
- Department of Chinese Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 77, 1st Life Road, D D Port, Dalian, 116600, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Qu
- Department of Chinese Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 77, 1st Life Road, D D Port, Dalian, 116600, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qian Cai
- Department of Chinese Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 77, 1st Life Road, D D Port, Dalian, 116600, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li Z, Xu ZM, Chen WP, Du XJ, Ou CX, Luo ZK, Wang R, Zhang CQ, Ge CD, Han M, Wang F, He RR, Sun WY, Ma J, Liang XY, Liu ZW. Tumor-repopulating cells evade ferroptosis via PCK2-dependent phospholipid remodeling. Nat Chem Biol 2024; 20:1341-1352. [PMID: 38720107 PMCID: PMC11427348 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-024-01612-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
Whether stem-cell-like cancer cells avert ferroptosis to mediate therapy resistance remains unclear. In this study, using a soft fibrin gel culture system, we found that tumor-repopulating cells (TRCs) with stem-cell-like cancer cell characteristics resist chemotherapy and radiotherapy by decreasing ferroptosis sensitivity. Mechanistically, through quantitative mass spectrometry and lipidomic analysis, we determined that mitochondria metabolic kinase PCK2 phosphorylates and activates ACSL4 to drive ferroptosis-associated phospholipid remodeling. TRCs downregulate the PCK2 expression to confer themselves on a structural ferroptosis-resistant state. Notably, in addition to confirming the role of PCK2-pACSL4(T679) in multiple preclinical models, we discovered that higher PCK2 and pACSL4(T679) levels are correlated with better response to chemotherapy and radiotherapy as well as lower distant metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cohorts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Min Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Peng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Du
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chun-Xian Ou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zi-Kang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chu-Qing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chao-Dong Ge
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Basic Medical Sciences, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Meng Han
- Protein Research Technology Center Protein Chemistry and Omics Platform, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Fudi Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Basic Medical Sciences, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Rong-Rong He
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wan-Yang Sun
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Jun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xiao-Yu Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Zhuo-Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li YL, Lu QQ, Zheng WW, Zhang ZY, Wu JY, Wei MH, Zhang XZ, Liu RD, Wang ZQ, Cui J. Biological characteristics of a new long-chain fatty acid transport protein 1 from Trichinella spiralis and its participation in lipid metabolism, larval moulting, and development. Vet Res 2024; 55:126. [PMID: 39350238 PMCID: PMC11443915 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-024-01380-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 1 (FATP1) is a member of the fatty acid transporter family. It facilitates transmembrane transport of fatty acids and participates in lipid metabolism. Lipids are essential components of the cell and organelle membranes of Trichinella spiralis. The nematode has lost the capacity to synthesise the necessary lipids de novo and has instead evolved to obtain fatty acids and their derivatives from its host. This study aims to ascertain the primary biological characteristics and roles of T. spiralis FATP1 (TsFATP1) in lipid metabolism, larval moulting, and the development of this nematode. The results show that TsFATP1 is highly expressed at enteral T. spiralis stages, mainly localised at the cuticle, the stichosome and the intrauterine embryos of the parasite. The silencing of the TsFATP1 gene by TsFATP1-specific dsRNA significantly decreases the expression levels of TsFATP1 in the worm. It reduces the contents of ATP, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and phospholipids both in vitro and in vivo. RNAi inhibits lipid metabolism, moulting, and the growth of this nematode. The results demonstrate that TsFATP1 plays an essential role in lipid metabolism, moulting, and the development of T. spiralis. It could also be a target candidate for the anti-Trichinella vaccine and drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li Li
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Qi Qi Lu
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Wen Wen Zheng
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Zhao Yu Zhang
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Jin Yi Wu
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Mei Hao Wei
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Xin Zhuo Zhang
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Ruo Dan Liu
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Zhong Quan Wang
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Jing Cui
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sun LL, He HY, Li W, Jin WL, Wei YJ. The solute carrier transporters (SLCs) family in nutrient metabolism and ferroptosis. Biomark Res 2024; 12:94. [PMID: 39218897 PMCID: PMC11367818 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-024-00645-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a novel form of programmed cell death caused by damage to lipid membranes due to the accumulation of lipid peroxides in response to various stimuli, such as high levels of iron, oxidative stress, metabolic disturbance, etc. Sugar, lipid, amino acid, and iron metabolism are crucial in regulating ferroptosis. The solute carrier transporters (SLCs) family, known as the "metabolic gating" of cells, is responsible for transporting intracellular nutrients and metabolites. Recent studies have highlighted the significant role of SLCs family members in ferroptosis by controlling the transport of various nutrients. Here, we summarized the function and mechanism of SLCs in ferroptosis regulated by ion, metabolic control of nutrients, and multiple signaling pathways, with a focus on SLC-related transporters that primarily transport five significant components: glucose, amino acid, lipid, trace metal ion, and other ion. Furthermore, the potential clinical applications of targeting SLCs with ferroptosis inducers for various diseases, including tumors, are discussed. Overall, this paper delves into the novel roles of the SLCs family in ferroptosis, aiming to enhance our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of ferroptosis and identify new therapeutic targets for clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Sun
- School of Life Science, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, China
| | - Hai-Yan He
- Department of Pharmacy, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Penn State Cancer Institute, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Wei-Lin Jin
- Institute of Cancer Neuroscience, Medical Frontier Innovation Research Center, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China.
| | - Yi-Ju Wei
- School of Life Science, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, China.
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kemp F, Braverman EL, Byersdorfer CA. Fatty acid oxidation in immune function. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1420336. [PMID: 39007133 PMCID: PMC11240245 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1420336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellular metabolism is a crucial determinant of immune cell fate and function. Extensive studies have demonstrated that metabolic decisions influence immune cell activation, differentiation, and cellular capacity, in the process impacting an organism's ability to stave off infection or recover from injury. Conversely, metabolic dysregulation can contribute to the severity of multiple disease conditions including autoimmunity, alloimmunity, and cancer. Emerging data also demonstrate that metabolic cues and profiles can influence the success or failure of adoptive cellular therapies. Importantly, immunometabolism is not one size fits all; and different immune cell types, and even subdivisions within distinct cell populations utilize different metabolic pathways to optimize function. Metabolic preference can also change depending on the microenvironment in which cells are activated. For this reason, understanding the metabolic requirements of different subsets of immune cells is critical to therapeutically modulating different disease states or maximizing cellular function for downstream applications. Fatty acid oxidation (FAO), in particular, plays multiple roles in immune cells, providing both pro- and anti-inflammatory effects. Herein, we review the major metabolic pathways available to immune cells, then focus more closely on the role of FAO in different immune cell subsets. Understanding how and why FAO is utilized by different immune cells will allow for the design of optimal therapeutic interventions targeting this pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Craig A. Byersdorfer
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Blood and Marrow Transplant and Cellular Therapies, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Shihadih D, Wang X, Zushin PJH, Khodakivskyi P, Park HM, Tso E, Shiblak J, Misic A, Louie SM, Ward C, Hellerstein M, Nomura DK, Goun E, Urigo F, Calvisi DF, Chen X, Stahl A. FATP5 Is Indispensable for the Growth of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma. Mol Cancer Res 2024; 22:585-595. [PMID: 38358323 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-23-0389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Altered lipid metabolism is a common hallmark of various cancers, including intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), a highly lethal carcinoma that lacks effective treatment options. To elucidate the lipid metabolism changes in ICC, we coupled the expression of the firefly luciferase gene (FFL) to AKT1 (AKT-FFL) via an IRES linker, and then hydrodynamically injected mice with AKT-FFL and Notch1 intracellular cytoplasmic domain (NICD) to establish a luciferase-positive ICC model. This model not only enabled us to monitor and quantify tumor growth by injecting the mice with luciferin, but also allowed us to assess the fatty acid uptake rate by injecting the mice with free fatty acid luciferin (FFA-Luc). The ICC model exhibited robust uptake of exogenous fatty acids compared with the HCC model induced by AKT-FFL/ neuroblastoma Ras (Ras). Lipidomics analysis showed a dramatically higher level of fatty acid in ICC, further supporting the increased fatty acids uptake. Mechanistic studies identified FATP5 as the predominant mediator of fatty acid uptake required for ICC growth using Fatp5 knockout mice and AAV-based shRNA silencing of Fatp5. Our study discovered a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of ICC and shed light on the contributions of lipid metabolism to ICC development. IMPLICATIONS This study provides the first in vivo evidence that FATP5 is a potential therapeutic target for treating ICC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diyala Shihadih
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Peter-James H Zushin
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | | | - Hyo Min Park
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Emily Tso
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Jena Shiblak
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Angela Misic
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Sharon M Louie
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Catherine Ward
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Marc Hellerstein
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Daniel K Nomura
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Elena Goun
- Chemistry Department, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- SwissLumix SARL, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Urigo
- Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Diego F Calvisi
- Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Andreas Stahl
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhou T, Meng Q, Sun R, Xu D, Zhu F, Jia C, Zhou S, Chen S, Yang Y. Structure and gene expression changes of the gill and liver in juvenile black porgy (Acanthopagrus schlegelii) under different salinities. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2024; 50:101228. [PMID: 38547756 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2024.101228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024]
Abstract
Black porgy (Acanthopagrus schlegelii) is an important marine aquaculture species in China. It is an ideal object for the cultivation of low-salinity aquaculture strains in marine fish and the study of salinity tolerance mechanisms in fish because of its strong low-salinity tolerance ability. Gill is the main osmoregulatory organ in fish, and the liver plays an important role in the adaptation of the organism to stressful environments. In order to understand the coping mechanisms of the gills and livers of black porgy in different salinity environments, this study explored these organs after 30 days of culture in hypoosmotic (0.5 ppt), isosmotic (12 ppt), and normal seawater (28 ppt) at histologic, physiologic, and transcriptomic levels. The findings indicated that gill exhibited a higher number of differentially expressed genes than the liver, emphasizing the gill's heightened sensitivity to salinity changes. Protein interaction networks and enrichment analyses highlighted energy metabolism as a key regulatory focus at both 0.5 ppt and 12 ppt salinity in gills. Additionally, gills showed enrichment in ions, substance transport, and other metabolic pathways, suggesting a more direct regulatory response to salinity stress. The liver's regulatory patterns at different salinities exhibited significant distinctions, with pathways and genes related to metabolism, immunity, and antioxidants predominantly activated at 0.5 ppt, and molecular processes linked to cell proliferation taking precedence at 12 ppt salinity. Furthermore, the study revealed a reduction in the volume of the interlamellar cell mass (ILCM) of the gills, enhancing the contact area of the gill lamellae with water. At 0.5 ppt salinity, hepatic antioxidant enzyme activity increased, accompanied by oxidative stress damage. Conversely, at 12 ppt salinity, gill NKA activity significantly decreased without notable changes in liver structure. These results underscore the profound impact of salinity on gill structure and function, highlighting the crucial role of the liver in adapting to salinity environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tangjian Zhou
- Jiangsu Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Nantong 226007, China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Qian Meng
- Jiangsu Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Nantong 226007, China
| | - Ruijian Sun
- Jiangsu Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Nantong 226007, China
| | - Dafeng Xu
- Jiangsu Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Nantong 226007, China
| | - Fei Zhu
- Jiangsu Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Nantong 226007, China
| | - Chaofeng Jia
- Jiangsu Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Nantong 226007, China
| | - Shimiao Zhou
- Jiangsu Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Nantong 226007, China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Shuyin Chen
- Jiangsu Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Nantong 226007, China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Yunxia Yang
- Fisheries College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Pozo-Morales M, Cobham AE, Centola C, McKinney MC, Liu P, Perazzolo C, Lefort A, Libert F, Bai H, Rohner N, Singh SP. Starvation-resistant cavefish reveal conserved mechanisms of starvation-induced hepatic lipotoxicity. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302458. [PMID: 38467419 PMCID: PMC10927358 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Starvation causes the accumulation of lipid droplets in the liver, a somewhat counterintuitive phenomenon that is nevertheless conserved from flies to humans. Much like fatty liver resulting from overfeeding, hepatic lipid accumulation (steatosis) during undernourishment can lead to lipotoxicity and atrophy of the liver. Here, we found that although surface populations of Astyanax mexicanus undergo this evolutionarily conserved response to starvation, the starvation-resistant cavefish larvae of the same species do not display an accumulation of lipid droplets upon starvation. Moreover, cavefish are resistant to liver atrophy during starvation, providing a unique system to explore strategies for liver protection. Using comparative transcriptomics between zebrafish, surface fish, and cavefish, we identified the fatty acid transporter slc27a2a/fatp2 to be correlated with the development of fatty liver. Pharmacological inhibition of slc27a2a in zebrafish rescues steatosis and atrophy of the liver upon starvation. Furthermore, down-regulation of FATP2 in Drosophila larvae inhibits the development of starvation-induced steatosis, suggesting the evolutionarily conserved importance of the gene in regulating fatty liver upon nutrition deprivation. Overall, our study identifies a conserved, druggable target to protect the liver from atrophy during starvation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Macarena Pozo-Morales
- https://ror.org/01r9htc13 IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ansa E Cobham
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Cielo Centola
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | | | - Peiduo Liu
- Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Camille Perazzolo
- https://ror.org/01r9htc13 IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anne Lefort
- https://ror.org/01r9htc13 IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Frédérick Libert
- https://ror.org/01r9htc13 IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hua Bai
- Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Nicolas Rohner
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, USA
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Sumeet Pal Singh
- https://ror.org/01r9htc13 IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sharma AK, Khandelwal R, Wolfrum C. Futile lipid cycling: from biochemistry to physiology. Nat Metab 2024; 6:808-824. [PMID: 38459186 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-024-01003-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
In the healthy state, the fat stored in our body isn't just inert. Rather, it is dynamically mobilized to maintain an adequate concentration of fatty acids (FAs) in our bloodstream. Our body tends to produce excess FAs to ensure that the FA availability is not limiting. The surplus FAs are actively re-esterified into glycerides, initiating a cycle of breakdown and resynthesis of glycerides. This cycle consumes energy without generating a new product and is commonly referred to as the 'futile lipid cycle' or the glyceride/FA cycle. Contrary to the notion that it's a wasteful process, it turns out this cycle is crucial for systemic metabolic homeostasis. It acts as a control point in intra-adipocyte and inter-organ cross-talk, a metabolic rheostat, an energy sensor and a lipid diversifying mechanism. In this Review, we discuss the metabolic regulation and physiological implications of the glyceride/FA cycle and its mechanistic underpinnings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anand Kumar Sharma
- Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland.
| | - Radhika Khandelwal
- Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Christian Wolfrum
- Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhao X, Ma R, Abulikemu A, Qi Y, Liu X, Wang J, Xu K, Guo C, Li Y. Proteomics revealed composition- and size-related regulators for hepatic impairments induced by silica nanoparticles. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 922:170584. [PMID: 38309355 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Along with the growing production and application of silica nanoparticles (SiNPs), increased human exposure and ensuing safety evaluation have progressively attracted concern. Accumulative data evidenced the hepatic injuries upon SiNPs inhalation. Still, the understanding of the hepatic outcomes resulting from SiNPs exposure, and underlying mechanisms are incompletely elucidated. Here, SiNPs of two sizes (60 nm and 300 nm) were applied to investigate their composition- and size-related impacts on livers of ApoE-/- mice via intratracheal instillation. Histopathological and biochemical analysis indicated SiNPs promoted inflammation, lipid deposition and fibrosis in the hepatic tissue, accompanied by increased ALT, AST, TC and TG. Oxidative stress was activated upon SiNPs stimuli, as evidenced by the increased hepatic ROS, MDA and declined GSH/GSSG. Of note, these alterations were more dramatic in SiNPs with a smaller size (SiNPs-60) but the same dosage. LC-MS/MS-based quantitative proteomics unveiled changes in mice liver protein profiles, and filtered out particle composition- or size-related molecules. Interestingly, altered lipid metabolism and oxidative damage served as two critical biological processes. In accordance with correlation analysis and liver disease-targeting prediction, a final of 10 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were selected as key potential targets attributable to composition- (4 molecules) and size-related (6 molecules) liver impairments upon SiNPs stimuli. Overall, our study provided strong laboratory evidence for a comprehensive understanding of the harmful biological effects of SiNPs, which was crucial for toxicological evaluation to ensure nanosafety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinying Zhao
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Ru Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Alimire Abulikemu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yi Qi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xiaoying Liu
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Ji Wang
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Kun Xu
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Caixia Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Yanbo Li
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Fu Y, Wang Z, Qin H. Examining the Pathogenesis of MAFLD and the Medicinal Properties of Natural Products from a Metabolic Perspective. Metabolites 2024; 14:218. [PMID: 38668346 PMCID: PMC11052500 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14040218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), characterized primarily by hepatic steatosis, has become the most prevalent liver disease worldwide, affecting approximately two-fifths of the global population. The pathogenesis of MAFLD is extremely complex, and to date, there are no approved therapeutic drugs for clinical use. Considerable evidence indicates that various metabolic disorders play a pivotal role in the progression of MAFLD, including lipids, carbohydrates, amino acids, and micronutrients. In recent years, the medicinal properties of natural products have attracted widespread attention, and numerous studies have reported their efficacy in ameliorating metabolic disorders and subsequently alleviating MAFLD. This review aims to summarize the metabolic-associated pathological mechanisms of MAFLD, as well as the natural products that regulate metabolic pathways to alleviate MAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hong Qin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410006, China; (Y.F.); (Z.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Tchetina EV, Glemba KE, Markova GA, Glukhova SI, Makarov MA, Lila AM. Metabolic Dysregulation and Its Role in Postoperative Pain among Knee Osteoarthritis Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3857. [PMID: 38612667 PMCID: PMC11011761 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is characterized by low-grade inflammation, loss of articular cartilage, subchondral bone remodeling, synovitis, osteophyte formation, and pain. Strong, continuous pain may indicate the need for joint replacement in patients with end-stage OA, although postoperative pain (POP) of at least a two-month duration persists in 10-40% of patients with OA. STUDY PURPOSE The inflammation observed in joint tissues is linked to pain caused by the production of proinflammatory cytokines. Since the biosynthesis of cytokines requires energy, their production is supported by extensive metabolic conversions of carbohydrates and fatty acids, which could lead to a disruption in cellular homeostasis. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between POP development and disturbances in energy metabolic conversions, focusing on carbohydrate and fatty acid metabolism. METHODS Peripheral blood samples were collected from 26 healthy subjects and 50 patients with end-stage OA before joint replacement surgery. All implants were validated by orthopedic surgeons, and patients with OA demonstrated no inherent abnormalities to cause pain from other reasons than OA disease, such as malalignment, aseptic loosening, or excessive bleeding. Pain levels were assessed before surgery using the visual analogue scale (VAS) and neuropathic pain questionnaires, DN4 and PainDETECT. Functional activity was evaluated using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Three and six months after surgery, pain indices according to a VAS of 30 mm or higher were considered. Total RNA isolated from whole blood was analyzed using quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) for the expression of genes related to carbohydrate and fatty acid metabolism. Protein levels of the examined genes were measured using an ELISA in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). We used qRT-PCR because it is the most sensitive and reliable method for gene expression analysis, while an ELISA was used to confirm our qRT-PCR results. KEY FINDINGS Among the study cohort, 17 patients who reported POP demonstrated significantly higher (p < 0.05) expressions of the genes PKM2, LDH, SDH, UCP2, CPT1A, and ACLY compared to pain-free patients with KOA. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses confirmed the association between these gene expressions and pain development post-arthroplasty. A principle component analysis identified the prognostic values of ACLY, CPT1A, AMPK, SDHB, Caspase 3, and IL-1β gene expressions for POP development in the examined subjects. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the disturbances in energy metabolism, as observed in the PBMCs of patients with end-stage KOA before arthroplasty, may contribute to POP development. An understanding of these metabolic processes could provide insights into the pathogenesis of KOA. Additionally, our findings can be used in a clinical setting to predict POP development in end-stage patients with KOA before arthroplasty.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena V. Tchetina
- Immunology and Molecular Biology Department, Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow 115522, Russia
| | - Kseniya E. Glemba
- Surgery Department, Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow 115522, Russia (M.A.M.)
| | - Galina A. Markova
- Immunology and Molecular Biology Department, Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow 115522, Russia
| | - Svetlana I. Glukhova
- Statistics Department, Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow 115522, Russia
| | - Maksim A. Makarov
- Surgery Department, Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow 115522, Russia (M.A.M.)
| | - Aleksandr M. Lila
- Osteoartritis Laboratory, Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Moscow 115522, Russia;
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zeng Y, Li Y, Jiang W, Hou N. Molecular mechanisms of metabolic dysregulation in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1375400. [PMID: 38596692 PMCID: PMC11003275 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1375400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), one of the most serious complications of diabetes mellitus, has become recognized as a cardiometabolic disease. In normoxic conditions, the majority of the ATP production (>95%) required for heart beating comes from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation of fatty acids (FAs) and glucose, with the remaining portion coming from a variety of sources, including fructose, lactate, ketone bodies (KB) and branched chain amino acids (BCAA). Increased FA intake and decreased utilization of glucose and lactic acid were observed in the diabetic hearts of animal models and diabetic patients. Moreover, the polyol pathway is activated, and fructose metabolism is enhanced. The use of ketones as energy sources in human diabetic hearts also increases significantly. Furthermore, elevated BCAA levels and impaired BCAA metabolism were observed in the hearts of diabetic mice and patients. The shift in energy substrate preference in diabetic hearts results in increased oxygen consumption and impaired oxidative phosphorylation, leading to diabetic cardiomyopathy. However, the precise mechanisms by which impaired myocardial metabolic alterations result in diabetes mellitus cardiac disease are not fully understood. Therefore, this review focuses on the molecular mechanisms involved in alterations of myocardial energy metabolism. It not only adds more molecular targets for the diagnosis and treatment, but also provides an experimental foundation for screening novel therapeutic agents for diabetic cardiomyopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, China
| | - Yilang Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, China
| | - Wenyue Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, China
| | - Ning Hou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Vishwa R, BharathwajChetty B, Girisa S, Aswani BS, Alqahtani MS, Abbas M, Hegde M, Kunnumakkara AB. Lipid metabolism and its implications in tumor cell plasticity and drug resistance: what we learned thus far? Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024; 43:293-319. [PMID: 38438800 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-024-10170-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming, a hallmark of cancer, allows cancer cells to adapt to their specific energy needs. The Warburg effect benefits cancer cells in both hypoxic and normoxic conditions and is a well-studied reprogramming of metabolism in cancer. Interestingly, the alteration of other metabolic pathways, especially lipid metabolism has also grabbed the attention of scientists worldwide. Lipids, primarily consisting of fatty acids, phospholipids and cholesterol, play essential roles as structural component of cell membrane, signalling molecule and energy reserves. This reprogramming primarily involves aberrations in the uptake, synthesis and breakdown of lipids, thereby contributing to the survival, proliferation, invasion, migration and metastasis of cancer cells. The development of resistance to the existing treatment modalities poses a major challenge in the field of cancer therapy. Also, the plasticity of tumor cells was reported to be a contributing factor for the development of resistance. A number of studies implicated that dysregulated lipid metabolism contributes to tumor cell plasticity and associated drug resistance. Therefore, it is important to understand the intricate reprogramming of lipid metabolism in cancer cells. In this review, we mainly focused on the implication of disturbed lipid metabolic events on inducing tumor cell plasticity-mediated drug resistance. In addition, we also discussed the concept of lipid peroxidation and its crucial role in phenotypic switching and resistance to ferroptosis in cancer cells. Elucidating the relationship between lipid metabolism, tumor cell plasticity and emergence of resistance will open new opportunities to develop innovative strategies and combinatorial approaches for the treatment of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ravichandran Vishwa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Bandari BharathwajChetty
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Sosmitha Girisa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Babu Santha Aswani
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Mohammed S Alqahtani
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Abbas
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mangala Hegde
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sun J, Xie F, Wang J, Luo J, Chen T, Jiang Q, Xi Q, Liu GE, Zhang Y. Integrated meta-omics reveals the regulatory landscape involved in lipid metabolism between pig breeds. MICROBIOME 2024; 12:33. [PMID: 38374121 PMCID: PMC10877772 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01743-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Domesticated pigs serve as an ideal animal model for biomedical research and also provide the majority of meat for human consumption in China. Porcine intramuscular fat content associates with human health and diseases and is essential in pork quality. The molecular mechanisms controlling lipid metabolism and intramuscular fat accretion across tissues in pigs, and how these changes in response to pig breeds, remain largely unknown. RESULTS We surveyed the tissue-resident cell types of the porcine jejunum, colon, liver, and longissimus dorsi muscle between Lantang and Landrace breeds by single-cell RNA sequencing. Combining lipidomics and metagenomics approaches, we also characterized gene signatures and determined key discriminating markers of lipid digestibility, absorption, conversion, and deposition across tissues in two pig breeds. In Landrace, lean-meat swine mainly exhibited breed-specific advantages in lipid absorption and oxidation for energy supply in small and large intestinal epitheliums, nascent high-density lipoprotein synthesis for reverse cholesterol transport in enterocytes and hepatocytes, bile acid formation, and secretion for fat emulsification in hepatocytes, as well as intestinal-microbiota gene expression involved in lipid accumulation product. In Lantang, obese-meat swine showed a higher synthesis capacity of chylomicrons responsible for high serum triacylglycerol levels in small intestinal epitheliums, the predominant characteristics of lipid absorption in muscle tissue, and greater intramuscular adipcytogenesis potentials from muscular fibro-adipogenic progenitor subpopulation. CONCLUSIONS The findings enhanced our understanding of the cellular biology of lipid metabolism and opened new avenues to improve animal production and human diseases. Video Abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiajie Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, China
| | - Fang Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Junyi Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, China
| | - Qingyan Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, China
| | - Qianyun Xi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, China.
| | - George E Liu
- Animal Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, USDA-ARS, BARC-East, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA.
| | - Yongliang Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Nie D, Tang X, Deng H, Yang X, Tao J, Xu F, Liu Y, Wu K, Wang K, Mei Z, Huang A, Tang N. Metabolic Enzyme SLC27A5 Regulates PIP4K2A pre-mRNA Splicing as a Noncanonical Mechanism to Suppress Hepatocellular Carcinoma Metastasis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2305374. [PMID: 38059827 PMCID: PMC10837360 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Solute carrier family 27 member 5, a key enzyme in fatty acid transport and bile acid metabolism in the liver, is frequently expressed in low quantities in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, resulting in poor prognosis. However, it is unclear whether SLC27A5 plays non-canonical functions and regulates HCC progression. Here, an unexpected non-canonical role of SLC27A5 is reported: regulating the alternative splicing of mRNA to inhibit the metastasis of HCC independently of its metabolic enzyme activity. Mechanistically, SLC27A5 interacts with IGF2BP3 to prevent its translocation into the nucleus, thereby inhibiting its binding to target mRNA and modulating PIP4K2A pre-mRNA splicing. Loss of SLC27A5 results in elevated levels of the PIP4K2A-S isoform, thus positively regulating phosphoinositide 3-kinase signaling via enhanced p85 stability in HCC. SLC27A5 restoration by AAV-Slc27a5 or IGF2BP3 RNA decoy oligonucleotides exerts an inhibitory effect on HCC metastasis with reduced expression of the PIP4K2A-S isoform. Therefore, PIP4K2A-S may be a novel target for treating HCC with SLC27A5 deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Nie
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education)Institute for Viral HepatitisDepartment of Infectious DiseasesThe Second Affiliated HospitalChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400010China
- Department of GastroenterologyThe Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineChongqing Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineChongqing400016China
| | - Xin Tang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education)Institute for Viral HepatitisDepartment of Infectious DiseasesThe Second Affiliated HospitalChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400010China
| | - Haijun Deng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education)Institute for Viral HepatitisDepartment of Infectious DiseasesThe Second Affiliated HospitalChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400010China
| | - Xiaojun Yang
- Department of GastroenterologyThe Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineChongqing Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineChongqing400016China
| | - Junji Tao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education)Institute for Viral HepatitisDepartment of Infectious DiseasesThe Second Affiliated HospitalChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400010China
| | - Fengli Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education)Institute for Viral HepatitisDepartment of Infectious DiseasesThe Second Affiliated HospitalChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400010China
| | - Yi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education)Institute for Viral HepatitisDepartment of Infectious DiseasesThe Second Affiliated HospitalChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400010China
| | - Kang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education)Institute for Viral HepatitisDepartment of Infectious DiseasesThe Second Affiliated HospitalChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400010China
| | - Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education)Institute for Viral HepatitisDepartment of Infectious DiseasesThe Second Affiliated HospitalChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400010China
| | - Zhechuan Mei
- Department of GastroenterologyThe Second Affiliated HospitalChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Ailong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education)Institute for Viral HepatitisDepartment of Infectious DiseasesThe Second Affiliated HospitalChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400010China
| | - Ni Tang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education)Institute for Viral HepatitisDepartment of Infectious DiseasesThe Second Affiliated HospitalChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400010China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Pozo-Morales M, Cobham AE, Centola C, McKinney MC, Liu P, Perazzolo C, Lefort A, Libert F, Bai H, Rohner N, Singh SP. Starvation resistant cavefish reveal conserved mechanisms of starvation-induced hepatic lipotoxicity. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.10.574986. [PMID: 38260657 PMCID: PMC10802416 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.10.574986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Starvation causes the accumulation of lipid droplets in the liver, a somewhat counterintuitive phenomenon that is nevertheless conserved from flies to humans. Much like fatty liver resulting from overfeeding, hepatic lipid accumulation (steatosis) during undernourishment can lead to lipotoxicity and atrophy of the liver. Here, we found that while surface populations of Astyanax mexicanus undergo this evolutionarily conserved response to starvation, the starvation-resistant cavefish larvae of the same species do not display an accumulation of lipid droplets upon starvation. Moreover, cavefish are resistant to liver atrophy during starvation, providing a unique system to explore strategies for liver protection. Using comparative transcriptomics between zebrafish, surface fish, and cavefish, we identified the fatty acid transporter slc27a2a/fatp2 to be correlated with the development of fatty liver. Pharmacological inhibition of slc27a2a in zebrafish rescues steatosis and atrophy of the liver upon starvation. Further, down-regulation of FATP2 in drosophila larvae inhibits the development of starvation-induced steatosis, suggesting the evolutionary conserved importance of the gene in regulating fatty liver upon nutrition deprivation. Overall, our study identifies a conserved, druggable target to protect the liver from atrophy during starvation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Macarena Pozo-Morales
- IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ansa E Cobham
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
| | - Cielo Centola
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
| | | | - Peiduo Liu
- Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Camille Perazzolo
- IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anne Lefort
- IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Frédérick Libert
- IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hua Bai
- Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Nicolas Rohner
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66103, USA
| | - Sumeet Pal Singh
- IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Luo Z, Chen Z, Hu J, Ding G. Interplay of lipid metabolism and inflammation in podocyte injury. Metabolism 2024; 150:155718. [PMID: 37925142 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2023.155718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Podocytes are critical for maintaining permselectivity of the glomerular filtration barrier, and podocyte injury is a major cause of proteinuria in various primary and secondary glomerulopathies. Lipid dysmetabolism and inflammatory activation are the distinctive hallmarks of podocyte injury. Lipid accumulation and lipotoxicity trigger cytoskeletal rearrangement, insulin resistance, mitochondrial oxidative stress, and inflammation. Subsequently, inflammation promotes the progression of glomerulosclerosis and renal fibrosis via multiple pathways. These data suggest that lipid dysmetabolism positively or negatively regulates inflammation during podocyte injury. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the understanding of lipid metabolism and inflammation, and highlight the potential association between lipid metabolism and podocyte inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zilv Luo
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Zhaowei Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.
| | - Jijia Hu
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Guohua Ding
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Romo-Perez A, Domínguez-Gómez G, Chávez-Blanco AD, González-Fierro A, Correa-Basurto J, Dueñas-González A. PaSTe. Blockade of the Lipid Phenotype of Prostate Cancer as Metabolic Therapy: A Theoretical Proposal. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:3265-3285. [PMID: 37287286 DOI: 10.2174/0929867330666230607104441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy in 112 countries and is the leading cause of death in eighteen. In addition to continuing research on prevention and early diagnosis, improving treatments and making them more affordable is imperative. In this sense, the therapeutic repurposing of low-cost and widely available drugs could reduce global mortality from this disease. The malignant metabolic phenotype is becoming increasingly important due to its therapeutic implications. Cancer generally is characterized by hyperactivation of glycolysis, glutaminolysis, and fatty acid synthesis. However, prostate cancer is particularly lipidic; it exhibits increased activity in the pathways for synthesizing fatty acids, cholesterol, and fatty acid oxidation (FAO). OBJECTIVE Based on a literature review, we propose the PaSTe regimen (Pantoprazole, Simvastatin, Trimetazidine) as a metabolic therapy for prostate cancer. Pantoprazole and simvastatin inhibit the enzymes fatty acid synthase (FASN) and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl- coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR), therefore, blocking the synthesis of fatty acids and cholesterol, respectively. In contrast, trimetazidine inhibits the enzyme 3-β-Ketoacyl- CoA thiolase (3-KAT), an enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of fatty acids (FAO). It is known that the pharmacological or genetic depletion of any of these enzymes has antitumor effects in prostatic cancer. RESULTS Based on this information, we hypothesize that the PaSTe regimen will have increased antitumor effects and may impede the metabolic reprogramming shift. Existing knowledge shows that enzyme inhibition occurs at molar concentrations achieved in plasma at standard doses of these drugs. CONCLUSION We conclude that this regimen deserves to be preclinically evaluated because of its clinical potential for the treatment of prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Romo-Perez
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Alma D Chávez-Blanco
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Aurora González-Fierro
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Correa-Basurto
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alfonso Dueñas-González
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia, Mexico City, Mexico
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Singha PS, Ghosh S, Ghosh D. Levothyroxine and Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Mini Review. Mini Rev Med Chem 2024; 24:128-138. [PMID: 36918791 DOI: 10.2174/1389557523666230314113543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Levothyroxine or l-thyroxine is artificially manufactured thyroxine, which is used as a drug to treat underactive thyroid conditions in humans. The drug, levothyroxine, is consumed daily in a prescribed dose to replace the missing thyroid hormone thyroxine in an individual with an underactive thyroid, and it helps to maintain normal physiological conditions. Though it is a life-maintaining drug, it replaces the missing thyroid hormone and performs the necessary daily metabolic functions in our body. Like all other allopathic drugs, it comes with certain side effects, which include joint pain, cramps in muscle, weight gain/loss, hair loss, etc. The thyroid hormone, thyroxine, is known to mobilize fat in our body, including the ones from the hepatic system. An underactive thyroid may cause an accumulation of fat in the liver, leading to a fatty liver, which is clinically termed Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). The correlation between hypothyroidism and NAFLD is now well-studied and recognized. As levothyroxine performs the functions of the missing thyroxine, it is anticipated, based on certain preliminary studies, that the drug helps to mobilize hepatic fat and thus may have a crucial role in mitigating the condition of NAFDL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Suvendu Ghosh
- Department of Physiology, Hooghly Mohsin College, Chinsura, Hooghly, 712 101, West Bengal, India
| | - Debosree Ghosh
- Department of Physiology, Government General Degree College, West Bengal, India
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wang Q, Liu J, Chen Z, Zheng J, Wang Y, Dong J. Targeting metabolic reprogramming in hepatocellular carcinoma to overcome therapeutic resistance: A comprehensive review. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:116021. [PMID: 38128187 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) poses a heavy burden on human health with high morbidity and mortality rates. Systematic therapy is crucial for advanced and mid-term HCC, but faces a significant challenge from therapeutic resistance, weakening drug effectiveness. Metabolic reprogramming has gained attention as a key contributor to therapeutic resistance. Cells change their metabolism to meet energy demands, adapt to growth needs, or resist environmental pressures. Understanding key enzyme expression patterns and metabolic pathway interactions is vital to comprehend HCC occurrence, development, and treatment resistance. Exploring metabolic enzyme reprogramming and pathways is essential to identify breakthrough points for HCC treatment. Targeting metabolic enzymes with inhibitors is key to addressing these points. Inhibitors, combined with systemic therapeutic drugs, can alleviate resistance, prolong overall survival for advanced HCC, and offer mid-term HCC patients a chance for radical resection. Advances in metabolic research methods, from genomics to metabolomics and cells to organoids, help build the HCC metabolic reprogramming network. Recent progress in biomaterials and nanotechnology impacts drug targeting and effectiveness, providing new solutions for systemic therapeutic drug resistance. This review focuses on metabolic enzyme changes, pathway interactions, enzyme inhibitors, research methods, and drug delivery targeting metabolic reprogramming, offering valuable references for metabolic approaches to HCC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Research Unit of Precision Hepatobiliary Surgery Paradigm, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China; Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China; Institute for Organ Transplant and Bionic Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China; Key Laboratory of Digital Intelligence Hepatology (Ministry of Education/Beijing), School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Ziye Chen
- Clinical Translational Science Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - Jingjing Zheng
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - Yunfang Wang
- Research Unit of Precision Hepatobiliary Surgery Paradigm, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China; Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China; Institute for Organ Transplant and Bionic Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China; Clinical Translational Science Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China; Key Laboratory of Digital Intelligence Hepatology (Ministry of Education/Beijing), School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Jiahong Dong
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; Research Unit of Precision Hepatobiliary Surgery Paradigm, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China; Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China; Institute for Organ Transplant and Bionic Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China; Key Laboratory of Digital Intelligence Hepatology (Ministry of Education/Beijing), School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhang Y, Weh KM, Tripp BA, Clarke JL, Howard CL, Sunilkumar S, Howell AB, Kresty LA. Cranberry Proanthocyanidins Mitigate Reflux-Induced Transporter Dysregulation in an Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Model. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1697. [PMID: 38139823 PMCID: PMC10747310 DOI: 10.3390/ph16121697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
We recently reported that cranberry proanthocyanidins (C-PACs) inhibit esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) by 83% through reversing reflux-induced bacterial, inflammatory and immune-implicated proteins and genes as well as reducing esophageal bile acids, which drive EAC progression. This study investigated whether C-PACs' mitigation of bile reflux-induced transporter dysregulation mechanistically contributes to EAC prevention. RNA was isolated from water-, C-PAC- and reflux-exposed rat esophagi with and without C-PAC treatment. Differential gene expression was determined by means of RNA sequencing and RT-PCR, followed by protein assessments. The literature, coupled with the publicly available Gene Expression Omnibus dataset GSE26886, was used to assess transporter expression levels in normal and EAC patient biopsies for translational relevance. Significant changes in ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters implicated in therapeutic resistance in humans (i.e., Abcb1, Abcb4, Abcc1, Abcc3, Abcc4, Abcc6 and Abcc10) and the transport of drugs, xenobiotics, lipids, and bile were altered in the reflux model with C-PACs' mitigating changes. Additionally, C-PACs restored reflux-induced changes in solute carrier (SLC), aquaporin, proton and cation transporters (i.e., Slc2a1, Slc7a11, Slc9a1, Slco2a1 and Atp6v0c). This research supports the suggestion that transporters merit investigation not only for their roles in metabolism and therapeutic resistance, but as targets for cancer prevention and targeting preventive agents in combination with chemotherapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhang
- Section of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (Y.Z.); (K.M.W.); (C.L.H.); (S.S.)
| | - Katherine M. Weh
- Section of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (Y.Z.); (K.M.W.); (C.L.H.); (S.S.)
| | - Bridget A. Tripp
- Bioinformatics Core Research Facility, Center for Biotechnology, University of Nebraska—Lincoln, N300 Beadle Center, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA;
| | - Jennifer L. Clarke
- Department of Statistics and Department of Food Science Technology, Quantitative Life Sciences Initiative, University of Nebraska—Lincoln, 253 Food Innovation Center, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA;
| | - Connor L. Howard
- Section of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (Y.Z.); (K.M.W.); (C.L.H.); (S.S.)
| | - Shruthi Sunilkumar
- Section of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (Y.Z.); (K.M.W.); (C.L.H.); (S.S.)
| | - Amy B. Howell
- Marucci Center for Blueberry and Cranberry Research, Rutgers University, 125A Lake Oswego Road, Chatsworth, NJ 08019, USA;
| | - Laura A. Kresty
- Section of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (Y.Z.); (K.M.W.); (C.L.H.); (S.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Clavelo‐Farrow C, Thomas P. The role of candidate transport proteins in β-cell long-chain fatty acid uptake: Where are we now? Diabet Med 2023; 40:e15198. [PMID: 37577762 PMCID: PMC10947460 DOI: 10.1111/dme.15198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) in humans is typically preceded by elevated levels of circulatory long-chain free fatty acids (LC-FFA). These excess LC-FFA are widely thought to be taken up by pancreatic β-cells, contributing to their dysfunction and death during the development of T2D; a process that has been termed lipotoxicity. Depending on their degree of saturation and carbon chain length, LC-FFA can exert different effects on pancreatic β-cells viability and function in vitro. Long-chain saturated fatty acids (LC-SFA) are thought to be toxic, whereas monounsaturated fatty acids are not and may even offer protection against the toxic effects of LC-SFAs. However, the mechanism of LC-FFA uptake into pancreatic β-cells is poorly understood, partly because it has been an understudied area of research. Determining how LC-FFA are taken up into β-cells is crucial for later formulation of therapies to prevent potential cellular overload of LC-FFA, thereby slowing the onset of T2D. In this work, we detail more than 40 years of literature investigating the role of membrane-associated transport proteins in LC-FFA uptake. By focussing on what is known in other cell types, we highlight where we can extrapolate our current understanding of protein-mediated transport to β-cells and uncover where further understanding is required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Patricia Thomas
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of BirminghamBirminghamUK
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Acharya R, Shetty SS, Pavan G, Monteiro F, Munikumar M, Naresh S, Kumari NS. AI-Based Homology Modelling of Fatty Acid Transport Protein 1 Using AlphaFold: Structural Elucidation and Molecular Dynamics Exploration. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1670. [PMID: 38002353 PMCID: PMC10669040 DOI: 10.3390/biom13111670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid transport protein 1 (FATP1) is an integral transmembrane protein that is involved in facilitating the translocation of long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) across the plasma membrane, thereby orchestrating the importation of LCFA into the cell. FATP1 also functions as an acyl-CoA ligase, catalyzing the ATP-dependent formation of fatty acyl-CoA using LCFA and VLCFA (very-long-chain fatty acids) as substrates. It is expressed in various types of tissues and is involved in the regulation of crucial signalling pathways, thus playing a vital role in numerous physiological and pathological conditions. Structural insight about FATP1 is, thus, extremely important for understanding the mechanism of action of this protein and developing efficient treatments against its anomalous expression and dysregulation, which are often associated with pathological conditions such as breast cancer. As of now, there has been no prior prediction or evaluation of the 3D configuration of the human FATP1 protein, hindering a comprehensive understanding of the distinct functional roles of its individual domains. In our pursuit to unravel the structure of the most commonly expressed isoforms of FATP1, we employed the cutting-edge ALPHAFOLD 2 model for an initial prediction of the entire protein's structure. This prediction was complemented by molecular dynamics simulations, focusing on the most promising model. We predicted the structure of FATP1 in silico and thoroughly refined and validated it using coarse and molecular dynamics in the absence of the complete crystal structure. Their relative dynamics revealed the different properties of the characteristic FATP1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ranjitha Acharya
- Department of Biochemistry, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, India; (R.A.); (F.M.); (S.N.)
| | - Shilpa S. Shetty
- Central Research Laboratory, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, India; (S.S.S.); (G.P.)
| | - Gollapalli Pavan
- Central Research Laboratory, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, India; (S.S.S.); (G.P.)
| | - Flama Monteiro
- Department of Biochemistry, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, India; (R.A.); (F.M.); (S.N.)
| | - Manne Munikumar
- Clinical Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Jamai-Osmania (Post), Hyderabad 500007, India;
| | - Sriram Naresh
- Department of Biochemistry, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, India; (R.A.); (F.M.); (S.N.)
| | - Nalilu Suchetha Kumari
- Department of Biochemistry, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, India; (R.A.); (F.M.); (S.N.)
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Liu H, Wang X, Deng H, Huang H, Liu Y, Zhong Z, Shen L, Cao S, Ma X, Zhou Z, Chen D, Peng G. Integrated Transcriptome and Metabolomics to Reveal the Mechanism of Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Treating Liver Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16086. [PMID: 38003277 PMCID: PMC10671340 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis (LF) is a late-stage process observed in various chronic liver diseases with bile and retinol metabolism closely associated with it. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) have shown significant therapeutic potential in treating LF. In this study, the transplantation of ADMSCs was applied to a CCl4-induced LF model to investigate its molecular mechanism through a multi-omics joint analysis. The findings reveal that ADMSCs effectively reduced levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (TBIL), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and α-Smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), thereby mitigating liver lesions, preventing liver parenchymal necrosis, and improving liver collagen deposition. Furthermore, 4751 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 270 differentially expressed metabolites (DMs) were detected via transcriptome and metabolomics analysis. Conjoint analysis showed that ADMSCs up-regulated the expression of Cyp7a1, Baat, Cyp27a1, Adh7, Slco1a4, Aldh1a1, and Adh7 genes to promote primary bile acids (TCDCA: Taurochenodeoxycholic acid; GCDCA: Glycochenodeoxycholic acid; GCA: glycocholic acid, TCA: Taurocholic acid) synthesis, secretion and retinol metabolism. This suggests that ADMSCs play a therapeutic role in maintaining bile acid (BA) homeostasis and correcting disturbances in retinol metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Liu
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.L.); (X.W.); (H.D.); (H.H.); (L.S.); (S.C.); (X.M.); (Y.L.); (Z.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Xinmiao Wang
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.L.); (X.W.); (H.D.); (H.H.); (L.S.); (S.C.); (X.M.); (Y.L.); (Z.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Hongchuan Deng
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.L.); (X.W.); (H.D.); (H.H.); (L.S.); (S.C.); (X.M.); (Y.L.); (Z.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Haocheng Huang
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.L.); (X.W.); (H.D.); (H.H.); (L.S.); (S.C.); (X.M.); (Y.L.); (Z.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Yifan Liu
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.L.); (X.W.); (H.D.); (H.H.); (L.S.); (S.C.); (X.M.); (Y.L.); (Z.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zhijun Zhong
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.L.); (X.W.); (H.D.); (H.H.); (L.S.); (S.C.); (X.M.); (Y.L.); (Z.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Liuhong Shen
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.L.); (X.W.); (H.D.); (H.H.); (L.S.); (S.C.); (X.M.); (Y.L.); (Z.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Suizhong Cao
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.L.); (X.W.); (H.D.); (H.H.); (L.S.); (S.C.); (X.M.); (Y.L.); (Z.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Xiaoping Ma
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.L.); (X.W.); (H.D.); (H.H.); (L.S.); (S.C.); (X.M.); (Y.L.); (Z.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Ziyao Zhou
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.L.); (X.W.); (H.D.); (H.H.); (L.S.); (S.C.); (X.M.); (Y.L.); (Z.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Dechun Chen
- College of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Guangneng Peng
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.L.); (X.W.); (H.D.); (H.H.); (L.S.); (S.C.); (X.M.); (Y.L.); (Z.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Gudgeon N, Giles H, Bishop EL, Fulton-Ward T, Escribano-Gonzalez C, Munford H, James-Bott A, Foster K, Karim F, Jayawardana D, Mahmood A, Cribbs AP, Tennant DA, Basu S, Pratt G, Dimeloe S. Uptake of long-chain fatty acids from the bone marrow suppresses CD8+ T-cell metabolism and function in multiple myeloma. Blood Adv 2023; 7:6035-6047. [PMID: 37276076 PMCID: PMC10582277 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023009890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
T cells demonstrate impaired function in multiple myeloma (MM) but suppressive mechanisms in the bone marrow microenvironment remain poorly defined. We observe that bone marrow CD8+ T-cell function is decreased in MM compared with controls, and is also consistently lower within bone marrow samples than in matched peripheral blood samples. These changes are accompanied by decreased mitochondrial mass and markedly elevated long-chain fatty acid uptake. In vitro modeling confirmed that uptake of bone marrow lipids suppresses CD8+ T function, which is impaired in autologous bone marrow plasma but rescued by lipid removal. Analysis of single-cell RNA-sequencing data identified expression of fatty acid transport protein 1 (FATP1) in bone marrow CD8+ T cells in MM, and FATP1 blockade also rescued CD8+ T-cell function, thereby identifying this as a novel target to augment T-cell activity in MM. Finally, analysis of samples from cohorts of patients who had received treatment identified that CD8+ T-cell metabolic dysfunction resolves in patients with MM who are responsive to treatment but not in patients with relapsed MM, and is associated with substantial T-cell functional restoration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Gudgeon
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah Giles
- Centre for Clinical Haematology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Emma L. Bishop
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Taylor Fulton-Ward
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Cristina Escribano-Gonzalez
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Haydn Munford
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Anna James-Bott
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Botnar Research Centre, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, National Institute of Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Kane Foster
- Research Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Farheen Karim
- Clinical Haematology Unit, Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom
| | - Dedunu Jayawardana
- Clinical Haematology Unit, Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom
| | - Ansar Mahmood
- Centre for Clinical Haematology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Adam P. Cribbs
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Botnar Research Centre, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, National Institute of Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel A. Tennant
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Supratik Basu
- Clinical Haematology Unit, Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom
| | - Guy Pratt
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Centre for Clinical Haematology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Dimeloe
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Iizuka D, Sasatani M, Ishikawa A, Daino K, Hirouchi T, Kamiya K. Newly discovered genomic mutation patterns in radiation-induced small intestinal tumors of ApcMin/+ mice. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0292643. [PMID: 37824459 PMCID: PMC10569626 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Among the small intestinal tumors that occur in irradiated mice of the established mouse model B6/B6-Chr18MSM-F1 ApcMin/+, loss of heterozygosity analysis can be utilized to estimate whether a deletion in the wild-type allele containing the Adenomatous polyposis coli (Apc) region (hereafter referred to as Deletion), a duplication in the mutant allele with a nonsense mutation at codon 850 of Apc (Duplication), or no aberration (Unidentified) has occurred. Previous research has revealed that the number of Unidentified tumors tends to increase with the radiation dose. In the present study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of an Unidentified tumor type in response to radiation exposure. The mRNA expression levels of Apc were significantly lower in Unidentified tumors than in normal tissues. We focused on epigenetic suppression as the mechanism underlying this decreased expression; however, hypermethylation of the Apc promoter region was not observed. To investigate whether deletions occur that cannot be captured by loss of heterozygosity analysis, we analyzed chromosome 18 using a customized array comparative genomic hybridization approach designed to detect copy-number changes in chromosome 18. However, the copy number of the Apc region was not altered in Unidentified tumors. Finally, gene mutation analysis of the Apc region using next-generation sequencing suggested the existence of a small deletion (approximately 3.5 kbp) in an Unidentified tumor from a mouse in the irradiated group. Furthermore, nonsense and frameshift mutations in Apc were found in approximately 30% of the Unidentified tumors analyzed. These results suggest that radiation-induced Unidentified tumors arise mainly due to decreased Apc expression of an unknown regulatory mechanism that does not depend on promoter hypermethylation, and that some tumors may result from nonsense mutations which are as-yet undefined point mutations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Iizuka
- Department of Radiation Effects Research, Institute for Radiological Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Megumi Sasatani
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Atsuko Ishikawa
- Department of Radiation Effects Research, Institute for Radiological Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Daino
- Department of Radiation Effects Research, Institute for Radiological Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tokuhisa Hirouchi
- Department of Radiobiology, Institute for Environmental Sciences, Rokkasho, Japan
| | - Kenji Kamiya
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Prado LG, Camara NOS, Barbosa AS. Cell lipid biology in infections: an overview. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1148383. [PMID: 37868347 PMCID: PMC10587689 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1148383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipids are a big family of molecules with a vast number of functions in the cell membranes, within the cytoplasm, and extracellularly. Lipid droplets (LDs) are the most common storage organelles and are present in almost every tissue type in the body. They also have structural functions serving as building blocks of cellular membranes and may be precursors of other molecules such as hormones, and lipoproteins, and as messengers in signal transduction. Fatty acids (FAs), such as sterol esters and triacylglycerols, are stored in LDs and are used in β-oxidation as fuel for tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) generation. FA uptake and entrance in the cytoplasm are mediated by membrane receptors. After a cytoplasmic round of α- and β-oxidation, FAs are guided into the mitochondrial matrix by the L-carnitine shuttle system, where they are fully metabolized, and enter the TCA cycle. Pathogen infections may lead to impaired lipid metabolism, usage of membrane phospholipids, and LD accumulation in the cytoplasm of infected cells. Otherwise, bacterial pathogens may use lipid metabolism as a carbon source, thus altering the reactions and leading to cellular and organelles malfunctioning. This review aims to describe cellular lipid metabolism and alterations that occur upon infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luan Gavião Prado
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Niels Olsen Saraiva Camara
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia de Transplantes, Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Disciplina de Nefrologia, Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Chavanelle V, Langhi C, Michaux A, Ripoche D, Otero YF, Joubioux FL, Maugard T, Guigas B, Giera M, Peltier S, Sirvent P. A novel polyphenol-rich combination of 5 plant extracts prevents high-fat diet-induced body weight gain by regulating intestinal macronutrient absorption in mice. Nutr Res 2023; 118:70-84. [PMID: 37598559 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2023.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Global prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes are rapidly increasing to pandemic proportions. A novel supplement composed of 5 plant extracts from olive leaf, bilberry, artichoke, chrysanthellum, and black pepper was designed to prevent type 2 diabetes development in people at risk. It was previously shown to improve body weight and glucose control in preclinical rodent models, with these effects being accompanied by increased fecal energy excretion and in vitro inhibition of several digestive enzymes. Thus, we hypothesized that, in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD), a single dose of this botanical supplementation would decrease the responses to oral fat and carbohydrate tolerance tests, and that chronic supplementation would result in increased fecal triglyceride content. We showed that acute administration in HFD-fed mice (1.452 g/kg body weight) markedly reduced circulating triglycerides following an oral lipid gavage, whereas glycemic responses to various carbohydrate tests were only mildly affected. When incorporated into the food (2.5%) of HFD-fed mice, chronic supplementation prevented body weight gain and improved glucose homeostasis and lipid tolerance. Fecal free fatty acid content, but not triglyceride, was significantly increased in supplemented animals, suggesting reduced lipid absorption in the digestive tract. Congruently, this botanical supplementation downregulated several genes associated with fatty acid transport whose expression was increased by HFD, principally in the jejunum. This study provides novel insights as for the mode of action behind the antiobesity effect of this plant-based supplementation, in HFD-fed mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Thierry Maugard
- La Rochelle Université - LIENSs UMR CNRS 7266, La Rochelle, France
| | - Bruno Guigas
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Martin Giera
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Singh A, Malla WA, Kumar A, Jain A, Thakur MS, Khare V, Tiwari SP. Review: genetic background of milk fatty acid synthesis in bovines. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:328. [PMID: 37749432 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03754-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Milk fat composition is an important trait for the dairy industry as it directly influences the nutritional and technological properties of milk and other dairy products. The synthesis of milk fat is a complex process regulated by a network of genes. Thus, understanding the genetic variation and molecular mechanisms regulating milk fat synthesis will help to improve the nutritional quality of dairy products. In this review, we provide an overview of milk fat synthesis in bovines along with the candidate genes involved in the pathway. We also discuss de novo synthesis of fatty acids (ACSS, ACACA, FASN), uptake of FAs (FATP, FAT, LPL), intracellular activation and channelling of FAs (ACSL, FABP), elongation (EVOLV6), desaturation (SCD, FADS), formation of triglycerides (GPAM, AGPAT, LIPIN, DGAT), and milk lipid secretion (BTN1A1, XDH, PLIN2). The genetic variability of individual fatty acids will help to develop selection strategies for obtaining a healthier milk fat profile in bovines. Thus, this review will offer a potential understanding of the molecular mechanisms that regulate milk fat synthesis in bovines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akansha Singh
- College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, NDVSU, Jabalpur, M.P, 482001, India.
| | - Waseem Akram Malla
- ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, Field Unit Guwahati, Assam, 781022, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- ICAR- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, U.P, 243122, India
| | - Asit Jain
- College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, NDVSU, Jabalpur, M.P, 482001, India
| | - Mohan Singh Thakur
- College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, NDVSU, Jabalpur, M.P, 482001, India
| | - Vaishali Khare
- College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, NDVSU, Jabalpur, M.P, 482001, India
| | - Sita Prasad Tiwari
- College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, NDVSU, Jabalpur, M.P, 482001, India
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Zhang M, Bai X, Du Q, Xu J, Wang D, Chen L, Dong K, Chen Z, Yang J. The Different Mechanisms of Lipid Accumulation in Hepatocytes Induced by Oleic Acid/Palmitic Acid and High-Fat Diet. Molecules 2023; 28:6714. [PMID: 37764494 PMCID: PMC10536454 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the primary chronic liver disease worldwide, mainly manifested by hepatic steatosis. Hepatic lipids may be derived from dietary intake, plasma free fatty acid (FFA) uptake, or hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL). Currently, cellular and animal models of hepatocellular steatosis are widely used to study the pathogenesis of NAFLD and to investigate therapeutic agents. However, whether there are differences between the in vivo and in vitro models of the mechanisms that cause lipid accumulation has not been reported. We used OA/PA-induced NCTC 1469 cells and high-fat-diet-fed C57BL/6J mice to simulate a hepatocyte steatosis model of NAFLD and to detect indicators related to FFA uptake and DNL. In addition, when serological indicators were analysed in the mouse model, it was found that serum FASN levels decreased. The results revealed that, in the cellular model, indicators related to DNL were decreased, FASN enzyme activity was unchanged, and indicators related to FFA uptake were increased, including the high expression of CD36; while, in the animal model, indicators related to both FFA uptake and de novo synthesis were increased, including the high expression of CD36 and the increased protein levels of FASN with enhanced enzyme activity. In addition, after an analysis of the serological indicators in the mouse model, it was found that the serum levels of FASN were reduced. In conclusion, the OA/PA-induced cellular model can be used to study the mechanism of FFA uptake, whereas the high-fat-diet-induced mouse model can be used to study the mechanism of FFA uptake and DNL. Combined treatment with CD36 and FASN may be more effective against NAFLD. FASN in the serum can be used as one of the indicators for the clinical diagnosis of NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miao Zhang
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China; (M.Z.); (X.B.); (Q.D.); (J.X.); (D.W.); (L.C.); (K.D.)
| | - Xue Bai
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China; (M.Z.); (X.B.); (Q.D.); (J.X.); (D.W.); (L.C.); (K.D.)
| | - Qian Du
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China; (M.Z.); (X.B.); (Q.D.); (J.X.); (D.W.); (L.C.); (K.D.)
| | - Jiaojiao Xu
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China; (M.Z.); (X.B.); (Q.D.); (J.X.); (D.W.); (L.C.); (K.D.)
| | - Danqing Wang
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China; (M.Z.); (X.B.); (Q.D.); (J.X.); (D.W.); (L.C.); (K.D.)
| | - Lei Chen
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China; (M.Z.); (X.B.); (Q.D.); (J.X.); (D.W.); (L.C.); (K.D.)
| | - Keting Dong
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China; (M.Z.); (X.B.); (Q.D.); (J.X.); (D.W.); (L.C.); (K.D.)
| | - Ziyue Chen
- School of Nursing, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China;
| | - Jianhong Yang
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China; (M.Z.); (X.B.); (Q.D.); (J.X.); (D.W.); (L.C.); (K.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Mateus FG, Moreira S, Martins AD, Oliveira PF, Alves MG, Pereira MDL. L-Carnitine and Male Fertility: Is Supplementation Beneficial? J Clin Med 2023; 12:5796. [PMID: 37762736 PMCID: PMC10531648 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12185796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
L-Carnitine, a natural antioxidant found in mammals, plays a crucial role in the transport of long-chain fatty acids across the inner mitochondrial membrane. It is used as a nutritional supplement by professional athletes, improving performance and post-exercise recovery. Additionally, its therapeutic applications, including those in male infertility, have been investigated, as it may act as a defense mechanism against the excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the testis, a process that can lead to sperm damage. This effect is achieved by enhancing the expression and activity of enzymes with antioxidant properties. Nevertheless, the mechanisms underlying the benefits of L-Carnitine remain unknown. This review aims to consolidate the current knowledge about the potential benefits of L-Carnitine and its role in male (in)fertility. Considering in vitro studies with Sertoli cells, pre-clinical studies, and investigations involving infertile men, a comprehensive understanding of the effects of L-Carnitine has been established. In vitro studies suggest that L-Carnitine has a direct influence on somatic Sertoli cells, improving the development of germ cells. Overall, evidence supports that L-Carnitine can positively impact male fertility, even at a relatively low dose of 2 g/day. This supplementation enhances sperm parameters, regulates hormone levels, reduces ROS levels, and subsequently improves fertility rates. However, further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and establish optimal doses. In conclusion, the role of L-Carnitine in the field of male reproductive health is highlighted, with the potential to improve sperm quality and fertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filipa G. Mateus
- Department of Medical Science, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (F.G.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Silvia Moreira
- Department of Medical Science, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (F.G.M.); (S.M.)
- LAQV-REQUIMTE and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.D.M.); (P.F.O.)
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana D. Martins
- LAQV-REQUIMTE and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.D.M.); (P.F.O.)
| | - Pedro F. Oliveira
- LAQV-REQUIMTE and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.D.M.); (P.F.O.)
| | - Marco G. Alves
- Department of Medical Science, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (F.G.M.); (S.M.)
- iBiMED-Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medical Science, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Maria de Lourdes Pereira
- Department of Medical Science, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (F.G.M.); (S.M.)
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Vianey-Saban C, Guffon N, Fouilhoux A, Acquaviva C. Fifty years of research on mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation disorders: The remaining challenges. J Inherit Metab Dis 2023; 46:848-873. [PMID: 37530674 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Since the identification of the first disorder of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation defects (FAOD) in 1973, more than 20 defects have been identified. Although there are some differences, most FAOD have similar clinical signs, which are mainly due to energy depletion and toxicity of accumulated metabolites. However, some of them have an unusual clinical phenotype or specific clinical signs. This manuscript focuses on what we have learnt so far on the pathophysiology of these disorders, which present with clinical signs that are not typical of categorical FAOD. It also highlights that some disorders have not yet been identified and tries to make assumptions to explain why. It also deals with new treatments under consideration in FAOD, including triheptanoin and similar anaplerotic substrates, ketone body treatments, RNA and gene therapy approaches. Finally, it suggests challenges for the diagnosis of FAOD in the coming years, both for symptomatic patients and for those diagnosed through newborn screening. The ultimate goal would be to identify all the patients born with FAOD and ensure for them the best possible quality of life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine Vianey-Saban
- Biochemical and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Metabolic Inborn Errors of Metabolism Unit, Groupement Hospitalier Est, CHU de Lyon, Bron, France
| | - Nathalie Guffon
- National Reference Centre for Hereditary Metabolic Diseases, Groupement Hospitalier Est, CHU de Lyon, Bron, France
| | - Alain Fouilhoux
- National Reference Centre for Hereditary Metabolic Diseases, Groupement Hospitalier Est, CHU de Lyon, Bron, France
| | - Cécile Acquaviva
- Biochemical and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Metabolic Inborn Errors of Metabolism Unit, Groupement Hospitalier Est, CHU de Lyon, Bron, France
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Dewidar B, Mastrototaro L, Englisch C, Ress C, Granata C, Rohbeck E, Pesta D, Heilmann G, Wolkersdorfer M, Esposito I, Reina Do Fundo M, Zivehe F, Yavas A, Roden M. Alterations of hepatic energy metabolism in murine models of obesity, diabetes and fatty liver diseases. EBioMedicine 2023; 94:104714. [PMID: 37454552 PMCID: PMC10384226 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disturbed hepatic energy metabolism contributes to non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD), but the development of changes over time and obesity- or diabetes-related mechanisms remained unclear. METHODS Two-day old male C57BL/6j mice received streptozotocin (STZ) or placebo (PLC) and then high-fat (HFD) or regular chow diet (RCD) from week 4 (W4) to either W8 or W16, yielding control [CTRL = PLC + RCD], diabetes [DIAB = STZ + RCD], obesity [OBES = PLC + HFD] and diabetes-related non-alcoholic steatohepatitis [NASH = STZ + HFD] models. Mitochondrial respiration was measured by high-resolution respirometry and insulin-sensitive glucose metabolism by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps with stable isotope dilution. FINDINGS NASH showed higher steatosis and NAFLD activity already at W8 and liver fibrosis at W16 (all p < 0.01 vs CTRL). Ballooning was increased in DIAB and NASH at W16 (p < 0.01 vs CTRL). At W16, insulin sensitivity was 47%, 58% and 75% lower in DIAB, NASH and OBES (p < 0.001 vs CTRL). Hepatic uncoupled fatty acid oxidation (FAO)-associated respiration was reduced in OBES at W8, but doubled in DIAB and NASH at W16 (p < 0.01 vs CTRL) and correlated with biomarkers of unfolded protein response (UPR), oxidative stress and hepatic expression of certain enzymes (acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2, Acc2; carnitine palmitoyltransferase I, Cpt1a). Tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA)-driven respiration was lower in OBES at W8 and doubled in DIAB at W16 (p < 0.0001 vs CTRL), which positively correlated with expression of genes related to lipolysis. INTERPRETATION Hepatic mitochondria adapt to various metabolic challenges with increasing FAO-driven respiration, which is linked to dysfunctional UPR, systemic oxidative stress, insulin resistance and altered lipid metabolism. In a diabetes model, higher TCA-linked respiration reflected mitochondrial adaptation to greater hepatic lipid turnover. FUNDING Funding bodies that contributed to this study were listed in the acknowledgements section.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bedair Dewidar
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lucia Mastrototaro
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Cornelia Englisch
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Claudia Ress
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Christian Doppler Laboratory for Insulin Resistance, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Cesare Granata
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Rohbeck
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Dominik Pesta
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Geronimo Heilmann
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martin Wolkersdorfer
- Landesapotheke Salzburg, Department of Production, Hospital Pharmacy, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Irene Esposito
- Institute of Pathology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michelle Reina Do Fundo
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Fariba Zivehe
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Aslihan Yavas
- Institute of Pathology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Kumar M, Gaivin RJ, Khan S, Fedorov Y, Adams DJ, Zhao W, Lee HY, Dai X, Dealwis CG, Schelling JR. Definition of fatty acid transport protein-2 (FATP2) structure facilitates identification of small molecule inhibitors for the treatment of diabetic complications. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 244:125328. [PMID: 37307967 PMCID: PMC10527240 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is a major public health problem due to morbidity and mortality associated with end organ complications. Uptake of fatty acids by Fatty Acid Transport Protein-2 (FATP2) contributes to hyperglycemia, diabetic kidney and liver disease pathogenesis. Because FATP2 structure is unknown, a homology model was constructed, validated by AlphaFold2 prediction and site-directed mutagenesis, and then used to conduct a virtual drug discovery screen. In silico similarity searches to two low-micromolar IC50 FATP2 inhibitors, followed by docking and pharmacokinetics predictions, narrowed a diverse 800,000 compound library to 23 hits. These candidates were further evaluated for inhibition of FATP2-dependent fatty acid uptake and apoptosis in cells. Two compounds demonstrated nanomolar IC50, and were further characterized by molecular dynamic simulations. The results highlight the feasibility of combining a homology model with in silico and in vitro screening, to economically identify high affinity inhibitors of FATP2, as potential treatment for diabetes and its complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States of America
| | - Robert J Gaivin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States of America
| | - Shenaz Khan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States of America
| | - Yuriy Fedorov
- Department of Genetics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States of America
| | - Drew J Adams
- Department of Genetics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States of America
| | - Weiyang Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States of America
| | - Hsueh-Yun Lee
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Xinghong Dai
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States of America
| | - Chris G Dealwis
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States of America; Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey R Schelling
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States of America; Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Martins F, van der Kellen D, Gonçalves LG, Serpa J. Metabolic Profiles Point Out Metabolic Pathways Pivotal in Two Glioblastoma (GBM) Cell Lines, U251 and U-87MG. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2041. [PMID: 37509679 PMCID: PMC10377067 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11072041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most lethal central nervous system (CNS) tumor, mainly due to its high heterogeneity, invasiveness, and proliferation rate. These tumors remain a therapeutic challenge, and there are still some gaps in the GBM biology literature. Despite the significant amount of knowledge produced by research on cancer metabolism, its implementation in cancer treatment has been limited. In this study, we explored transcriptomics data from the TCGA database to provide new insights for future definition of metabolism-related patterns useful for clinical applications. Moreover, we investigated the impact of key metabolites (glucose, lactate, glutamine, and glutamate) in the gene expression and metabolic profile of two GBM cell lines, U251 and U-87MG, together with the impact of these organic compounds on malignancy cell features. GBM cell lines were able to adapt to the exposure to each tested organic compound. Both cell lines fulfilled glycolysis in the presence of glucose and were able to produce and consume lactate. Glutamine dependency was also highlighted, and glutamine and glutamate availability favored biosynthesis observed by the increase in the expression of genes involved in fatty acid (FA) synthesis. These findings are relevant and point out metabolic pathways to be targeted in GBM and also reinforce that patients' metabolic profiling can be useful in terms of personalized medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Martins
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
- Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Rua Prof Lima Basto, 1099-023 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - David van der Kellen
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
- Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Rua Prof Lima Basto, 1099-023 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Luís G Gonçalves
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Tecnológica (ITQB) António Xavier da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Jacinta Serpa
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
- Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Rua Prof Lima Basto, 1099-023 Lisboa, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Lu Y, Yang X, Kuang Q, Wu Y, Tan X, Lan J, Qiang Z, Feng T. HBx induced upregulation of FATP2 promotes the development of hepatic lipid accumulation. Exp Cell Res 2023:113721. [PMID: 37437769 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
The hepatitis B Virus X (HBx) protein plays a crucial role in the HBV-induced hepatic steatosis. Fatty acid transport protein 2 (FATP2) is a key protein that is involved in hepatic lipogenesis, and it was found to be highly expressed in various metabolic diseases. However, Whether FATP2 is a key factor in the pathogenesis of HBx-induced hepatic steatosis remains unclear. In this study, we found that FATP2 was up-regulated by HBx in vitro and in vivo and participated in HBx-induced hepatic lipid accumulation. Treatment of HBx-expressing cell lines and mice with FATP2 inhibitor (FATP2i) lipofermata ameliorated HBx-induced lipid accumulation and reduced oxidative stress and inflammation caused by lipid accumulation. Moreover, the liver injury of mouse was restored after FATP2i treatment. In summary, our results reveal that FATP2 is a key driver factor for HBx-induced hepatic lipid accumulation, and inhibition of FATP2 can ameliorates lipid accumulation caused by HBx. This study provides new insights into the mechanism of HBV-induced hepatic steatosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Lu
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xinyue Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Qin Kuang
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yong Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xin Tan
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jizhong Lan
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zhe Qiang
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing, 400065, China.
| | - Tao Feng
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Gao Y, Hua R, Peng K, Yin Y, Zeng C, Guo Y, Wang Y, Li L, Li X, Qiu Y, Wang Z. High-starchy carbohydrate diet aggravates NAFLD by increasing fatty acids influx mediated by NOX2. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
40
|
Zhu W, Zheng Y, Liu J, Zhao C, Sun N, Qu X, Yang H. Analysis of Fatty Acid Metabolism in Fetal and Failing Hearts by Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Revealed SLC27A6 as a Critical Gene in Heart Maturation. ACTA CARDIOLOGICA SINICA 2023; 39:580-598. [PMID: 37456940 PMCID: PMC10346055 DOI: 10.6515/acs.202307_39(4).20221219b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Background Heart failure is associated with shifts in substrate preferences and energy insufficiency. Although cardiac metabolism has been explored at the organ level, the metabolic changes at the individual cell level remain unclear. This study employed single-cell ribonucleic acid (RNA) sequencing to investigate the cell-type-specific characteristics of gene expression related to fatty acid metabolism. Methods Single-cell RNA sequencing data from fetal hearts were processed to analyze gene expression patterns related to fatty acid metabolism. Immunofluorescence staining and Western blotting techniques were employed to validate the expression of specific proteins. Additionally, calcium recording and contractility measurements were performed to assess the functional implications of fatty acid metabolism in cardiomyocytes. Results Based on single-cell RNA sequencing data analysis, we found that a decrease in overall energy requirements underlies the downregulation of fatty acid oxidation-related genes in the later period of heart maturation and the compensatory increase of fatty acid metabolism in individual cardiomyocytes during heart failure. Furthermore, we found that solute carrier family 27 member 6 (SLC27A6), a fatty acid transport protein, is involved in cardiac maturation. SLC27A6 knockdown in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes resulted in an immature cardiomyocyte transcriptional profile, abnormal morphology, impaired Ca2+ handling activity, and contractility. Conclusions Overall, our study offers a novel perspective for exploring cardiac fatty acid metabolism in fetal and failing hearts along with new insights into the cellular mechanism underlying fatty acid metabolic alterations in individual cardiac cells. It thus facilitates further exploration of cardiac physiology and pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjia Zhu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai
| | - Yufan Zheng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai
| | - Jiaying Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai
| | - Chao Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai
| | - Ning Sun
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiuxia Qu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Guo Z, Bergeron KF, Lingrand M, Mounier C. Unveiling the MUFA-Cancer Connection: Insights from Endogenous and Exogenous Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9921. [PMID: 37373069 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) have been the subject of extensive research in the field of cancer due to their potential role in its prevention and treatment. MUFAs can be consumed through the diet or endogenously biosynthesized. Stearoyl-CoA desaturases (SCDs) are key enzymes involved in the endogenous synthesis of MUFAs, and their expression and activity have been found to be increased in various types of cancer. In addition, diets rich in MUFAs have been associated with cancer risk in epidemiological studies for certain types of carcinomas. This review provides an overview of the state-of-the-art literature on the associations between MUFA metabolism and cancer development and progression from human, animal, and cellular studies. We discuss the impact of MUFAs on cancer development, including their effects on cancer cell growth, migration, survival, and cell signaling pathways, to provide new insights on the role of MUFAs in cancer biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Guo
- Biological Sciences Department, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montréal, QC H3P 3P8, Canada
| | - Karl-Frédérik Bergeron
- Biological Sciences Department, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montréal, QC H3P 3P8, Canada
| | - Marine Lingrand
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Catherine Mounier
- Biological Sciences Department, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montréal, QC H3P 3P8, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Shang K, Ma N, Che J, Li H, Hu J, Sun H, Cao B. SLC27A2 mediates FAO in colorectal cancer through nongenic crosstalk regulation of the PPARs pathway. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:335. [PMID: 37041476 PMCID: PMC10091540 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-10816-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs) are a nuclear hormone receptors superfamily that is closely related to fatty acid (FA) metabolism and tumor progression. Solute carrier family 27 member 2 (SLC27A2) is important for FA transportation and metabolism and is related to cancer progression. This study aims to explore the mechanisms of how PPARs and SLC27A2 regulate FA metabolism in colorectal cancer (CRC) and find new strategies for CRC treatment. METHODS Biological information analysis was applied to detect the expression and the correlation of PPARs and SLC27A2 in CRC. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) interaction networks were explored by using the STRING database. Uptake experiments and immunofluorescence staining were used to analyse the function and number of peroxisomes and colocalization of FA with peroxisomes, respectively. Western blotting and qRT‒PCR were performed to explore the mechanisms. RESULTS SLC27A2 was overexpressed in CRC. PPARs had different expression levels, and PPARG was significantly highly expressed in CRC. SLC27A2 was correlated with PPARs in CRC. Both SLC27A2 and PPARs were closely related to fatty acid oxidation (FAO)‒related genes. SLC27A2 affected the activity of ATP Binding Cassette Subfamily D Member 3 (ABCD3), also named PMP70, the most abundant peroxisomal membrane protein. We found that the ratios of p-Erk/Erk and p-GSK3β/GSK3β were elevated through nongenic crosstalk regulation of the PPARs pathway. CONCLUSIONS SLC27A2 mediates FA uptake and beta-oxidation through nongenic crosstalk regulation of the PPARs pathway in CRC. Targeting SLC27A2/FATP2 or PPARs may provide new insights for antitumour strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Shang
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95 Yongan Road, Xi-Cheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Nina Ma
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95 Yongan Road, Xi-Cheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Juanjuan Che
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95 Yongan Road, Xi-Cheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Huihui Li
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95 Yongan Road, Xi-Cheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jiexuan Hu
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95 Yongan Road, Xi-Cheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Haolin Sun
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95 Yongan Road, Xi-Cheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Bangwei Cao
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95 Yongan Road, Xi-Cheng District, Beijing, 100050, China.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Kado T, Kusakari N, Tamaki T, Murota K, Tsujiuchi T, Fukushima N. Oleic acid stimulates cell proliferation and BRD4-L-MYC-dependent glucose transporter transcription through PPARα activation in ovarian cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 657:24-34. [PMID: 36965420 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.03.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
Fatty acids (FAs) play important roles in cell membrane structure maintenance, energy production via β-oxidation, and as extracellular signaling molecules. Prior studies have demonstrated that exposure of cancer cells to FAs affects cell survival, cell proliferation, and cell motility. Oleic acid (OA) has somewhat controversial effects in cancer cells, with both pro- and anti-cancer effects, depending on cell type. Our prior findings suggested that OA enhances cell survival in serum starved HNOA ovarian cancer cells by activating glycolysis, but not β-oxidation. Here, we pharmacologically examined the cellular mechanisms by which OA stimulates glycolysis in HNOA cells. OA induced cell cycle progression, leading to increase in cell number through peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) α activation. OA-induced glycolysis was mediated by increased GLUT expression, and increases in GLUT expression were mediated by increased L-MYC expression. Furthermore, L-MYC expression was due to BRD4 activation. These findings suggested involvement of the BRD4-L-MYC-GLUT axis in OA-stimulated glycolysis. These results suggested that OA could activate PPARα to stimulate two pathways: glycolysis and cell cycle progression, and provided insight into the role of OA in ovarian cancer cell growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Kado
- Division of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Life Science, Kindai University, Higashiosaka, Japan
| | - Naoki Kusakari
- Division of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Life Science, Kindai University, Higashiosaka, Japan
| | - Takeru Tamaki
- Division of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Life Science, Kindai University, Higashiosaka, Japan
| | - Kaeko Murota
- Division of Food and Nutritional Chemistry, Department of Life Science, Kindai University, Higashiosaka, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Tsujiuchi
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Department of Life Science, Kindai University, Higashiosaka, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Fukushima
- Division of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Life Science, Kindai University, Higashiosaka, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Rajesh V, Kokilavani A, Jayaseelan S, Gomathi S, Vishali K, Kumudhavalli MV. Embryonic exposure to acetyl-L-carnitine protects against valproic acid-induced cardiac malformation in zebrafish model. Amino Acids 2023:10.1007/s00726-023-03256-7. [PMID: 36894749 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-023-03256-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide, estimated counts of about 7.9 million children are born with serious birth defects. In addition to genetic factors, prenatal exposure to drugs and environmental toxicants represents a major contributing factor to congenital malformations. In earlier investigation, we explored cardiac malformation caused by valproic acid (VPA) during early developing stages of zebrafish. Since heart depends on mitochondrial fatty acid oxidative metabolism for energy demands in which carnitine shuttle has a major role, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of acetyl-L-carnitine (AC) against VPA-induced cardiac malformation in developing zebrafish. Initially, AC was subjected to toxicological evaluation, and two micromolar concentrations (25 µM and 50 µM) were selected for evaluation. A sub-lethal concentration of VPA (50 µM) was selected to induce cardiac malformation. The embryos were grouped and the drug exposures were made at 2.5 h post-fertilization (hpf). The cardiac development and functioning was monitored. A progressive decline in cardiac functioning was noted in group exposed to VPA 50 µM. At 96 hpf and 120 hpf, the morphology of heart was severely affected with the chambers which became elongated and string-like accompanied by histological changes. Acridine orange staining showed accumulation of apoptotic cells. Group exposed to VPA 50 µM with AC 50 µM showed a significant reduction in pericardial sac edema with morphological, functional and histological recovery in developing heart. Moreover, reduced number of apoptotic cells was noted. The improvement with AC might be due to restoration of carnitine homeostasis for cardiac energy metabolism in developing heart.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Venugopalan Rajesh
- Department of Pharmacology, The Erode College of Pharmacy and Research Institute, Veppampalayam, Vallipurathampalayam (Po), Erode, Tamil Nadu, 638112, India.
| | - Annadurai Kokilavani
- Department of Pharmacology, The Erode College of Pharmacy and Research Institute, Veppampalayam, Vallipurathampalayam (Po), Erode, Tamil Nadu, 638112, India
| | - Subramanian Jayaseelan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, The Erode College of Pharmacy and Research Institute, Veppampalayam, Vallipurathampalayam (Po), Erode, Tamil Nadu, 638112, India
| | - Swaminathan Gomathi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ottacamund, Nilgiris District, Ooty, Tamil Nadu, 643001, India
| | - Korrapati Vishali
- Department of Pharmacology, Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology and Research, Vadlamudi, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, 522213, India
| | - Manni Venkatachari Kumudhavalli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vinayaka Mission's College of Pharmacy, Kondappanaickenpatti, Yercaud Main Road, Salem, Tamil Nadu, 636008, India
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Mfsd2a attenuated hypoxic-ischemic brain damage via protection of the blood-brain barrier in mfat-1 transgenic mice. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:71. [PMID: 36820986 PMCID: PMC9950179 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04716-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that mfat-1 transgenic mice have protective effects against some central nervous system (CNS) disorders, owing to the high docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) content enriched in their brains. However, whether this protective effect is connected to the blood-brain barrier (BBB) remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the mechanisms of the protective effect against hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) of mfat-1 transgenic mice. mfat-1 mice not only demonstrated a significant amelioration of neurological dysfunction and neuronal damage but also partly maintained the physiological permeability of the BBB after HIBD. We initially showed this was associated with elevated major facilitator superfamily domain-containing 2a (Mfsd2a) expression on the BBB, resulting from more lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC)-DHA entering the brain. Wild-type (WT) mice showed a similar Mfsd2a expression trend after long-term feeding with an LPC-DHA-rich diet. Knockdown of Mfsd2a by siRNA intra-cerebroventricular (ICV) injection neutralized the protective effect against HIBD-induced BBB disruption in mfat-1 mice, further validating the protective function of Mfsd2a on BBB. HIBD-induced BBB high permeability was attenuated by Mfsd2a, primarily through a transcellular pathway to decrease caveolae-like vesicle-mediated transcytosis. Taken together, these findings not only reveal that mfat-1 transgenic mice have higher expression of Mfsd2a on the BBB, which partly sustains BBB permeability via vesicular transcytosis to alleviate the severity of HIBD, but also suggest that dietary intake of LPC-DHA may upregulate Mfsd2a expression as a novel therapeutic strategy for BBB dysfunction and survival in HIBD patients.
Collapse
|
46
|
Samovski D, Jacome-Sosa M, Abumrad NA. Fatty Acid Transport and Signaling: Mechanisms and Physiological Implications. Annu Rev Physiol 2023; 85:317-337. [PMID: 36347219 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-032122-030352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Long-chain fatty acids (FAs) are components of plasma membranes and an efficient fuel source and also serve as metabolic regulators through FA signaling mediated by membrane FA receptors. Impaired tissue FA uptake has been linked to major complications of obesity, including insulin resistance, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes. Fatty acid interactions with a membrane receptor and the initiation of signaling can modify pathways related to nutrient uptake and processing, cell proliferation or differentiation, and secretion of bioactive factors. Here, we review the major membrane receptors involved in FA uptake and FA signaling. We focus on two types of membrane receptors for long-chain FAs: CD36 and the G protein-coupled FA receptors FFAR1 and FFAR4. We describe key signaling pathways and metabolic outcomes for CD36, FFAR1, and FFAR4 and highlight the parallels that provide insight into FA regulation of cell function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitri Samovski
- Center for Human Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA;
| | - Miriam Jacome-Sosa
- Center for Human Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA;
| | - Nada A Abumrad
- Center for Human Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA; .,Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Gyimesi G, Hediger MA. Transporter-Mediated Drug Delivery. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031151. [PMID: 36770817 PMCID: PMC9919865 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Transmembrane transport of small organic and inorganic molecules is one of the cornerstones of cellular metabolism. Among transmembrane transporters, solute carrier (SLC) proteins form the largest, albeit very diverse, superfamily with over 400 members. It was recognized early on that xenobiotics can directly interact with SLCs and that this interaction can fundamentally determine their efficacy, including bioavailability and intertissue distribution. Apart from the well-established prodrug strategy, the chemical ligation of transporter substrates to nanoparticles of various chemical compositions has recently been used as a means to enhance their targeting and absorption. In this review, we summarize efforts in drug design exploiting interactions with specific SLC transporters to optimize their therapeutic effects. Furthermore, we describe current and future challenges as well as new directions for the advanced development of therapeutics that target SLC transporters.
Collapse
|
48
|
Lutsiv T, McGinley JN, Neil ES, Foster MT, Thompson HJ. Thwarting Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) with Common Bean: Dose- and Sex-Dependent Protection against Hepatic Steatosis. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030526. [PMID: 36771233 PMCID: PMC9920904 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatic steatosis signifies onset of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) caused by disrupted metabolic homeostasis compromising liver function. Regular consumption of common beans reduces the risk of metabolic impairment, but its effective dose, the impact of biological sex, and underlying mechanisms of action are unknown. We fed female and male C57BL6/J mice with obesogenic yet isocaloric diets containing 0%, 17.5%, 35%, and 70% of total dietary protein derived from cooked whole common beans. Liver tissue was collected for histopathology, lipid quantification, and RNA-seq analyses. Beans qualitatively and quantitatively diminished hepatic fat deposition at the 35% dose in female and 70% dose in male mice. Bean-induced differentially expressed genes (DEGs) most significantly mapped to hepatic steatosis and revealed dose-responsive inhibition of de novo lipogenesis markers (Acly, Acaca, Fasn, Elovl6, Scd1, etc.) and triacylglycerol biosynthesis, activation of triacylglycerol degradation, and downregulation of sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 1 (SREBF1) signaling. Upregulated fatty acid β-oxidation was more prominent in females, while suppression of Cd36-mediated fatty acid uptake-in males. Sex-dependent bean effects also involved DEGs patterns downstream of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) and MLX-interacting protein-like (MLXIPL). Therefore, biological sex determines amount of common bean in the diet required to prevent hepatic lipid accumulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tymofiy Lutsiv
- Cancer Prevention Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - John N. McGinley
- Cancer Prevention Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Elizabeth S. Neil
- Cancer Prevention Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Michelle T. Foster
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Henry J. Thompson
- Cancer Prevention Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-970-491-7748 or +1-970-491-3542
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Fetisov TI, Borunova AA, Antipova AS, Antoshina EE, Trukhanova LS, Gorkova TG, Zuevskaya SN, Maslov A, Gurova K, Gudkov A, Lesovaya EA, Belitsky GA, Yakubovskaya MG, Kirsanov KI. Targeting Features of Curaxin CBL0137 on Hematological Malignancies In Vitro and In Vivo. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11010230. [PMID: 36672738 PMCID: PMC9856019 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11010230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The anticancer activity of Curaxin CBL0137, a DNA-binding small molecule with chromatin remodulating effect, has been demonstrated in different cancers. Herein, a comparative evaluation of CBL0137 activity was performed in respect to acute myeloid leukemia (AML), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), chronic myeloid leukemia and multiple myeloma (MM) cultured in vitro. MTT assay showed AML and MM higher sensitivity to CBL0137's cytostatic effect comparatively to other hematological malignancy cells. Flow cytometry cell cycle analysis revealed an increase in subG1 and G2/M populations after CBL0137 cell treatment, but the prevalent type of arrest varied. Apoptosis activation by CBL0137 measured by Annexin-V/PI dual staining was more active in AML and MM cells. RT2 PCR array showed that changes caused by CBL0137 in signaling pathways involved in cancer pathogenesis were more intensive in AML and MM cells. On the murine model of AML WEHI-3, CBL0137 showed significant anticancer effects in vivo, which were evaluated by corresponding changes in spleen and liver. Thus, more pronounced anticancer effects of CBL0137 in vitro were observed in respect to AML and MM. Experiments in vivo also indicated the perspective of CBL0137 use for AML treatment. This in accordance with the frontline treatment approach in AML using epigenetic drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timur I. Fetisov
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, 115478 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna A. Borunova
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, 115478 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alina S. Antipova
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, 115478 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena E. Antoshina
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, 115478 Moscow, Russia
| | - Lubov S. Trukhanova
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, 115478 Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatyana G. Gorkova
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, 115478 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Alexei Maslov
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Katerina Gurova
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Andrei Gudkov
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Ekaterina A. Lesovaya
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, 115478 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Oncology, I.P. Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia
| | - Gennady A. Belitsky
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, 115478 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Kirill I. Kirsanov
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, 115478 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Psoraleae Fructus Ethanol Extract Induced Hepatotoxicity via Impaired Lipid Metabolism Caused by Disruption of Fatty Acid β-Oxidation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2023; 2023:4202861. [PMID: 36647431 PMCID: PMC9840557 DOI: 10.1155/2023/4202861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Herb-induced liver injury (HILI) is gradually increasing, and Psoraleae Fructus (PF) has been reported to induce hepatotoxicity. However, its underlying toxicity mechanism has been only poorly revealed. In this paper, we attempted to explore the liver injury and mechanism caused by Psoraleae Fructus ethanol extract (PFE). First, we administered PFE to mice for 4 weeks and evaluated their serum liver function indices. H&E staining was performed to observe the pathological changes of the livers. Oil red O staining was used to visualize hepatic lipids. Serum-untargeted metabolomics and liver proteomics were used to explore the mechanism of PF hepatotoxicity, and transmission electron microscopy was determined to assess mitochondria and western blot to determine potential target proteins expression. The results showed that PFE caused abnormal liver biochemical indicators and liver tissue injury in mice, and there was substantial fat accumulation in liver tissue in this group. Furthermore, metabolomic analysis showed that PFE changed bile acid synthesis, lipid metabolism, etc., and eight metabolites, including linoleic acid, which could be used as potential biomarkers of PFE hepatotoxicity. Proteomic analysis revealed that differential proteins were clustered in the mitochondrial transmembrane transport, the long-chain fatty acid metabolic process and purine ribonucleotide metabolic process. Multiomics analysis showed that eight pathways were enriched in both metabolomics and proteomics, such as bile secretion, unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis, and linoleic acid metabolism. The downregulation of SLC27A5, CPT1A, NDUFB5, and COX6A1 and upregulation of cytochrome C and ABCC3 expressions also confirmed the impaired fatty acid oxidative catabolism. Altogether, this study revealed that PFE induced hepatotoxicity by damaging mitochondria, reducing fatty acid β-oxidation levels, and inhibiting fatty acids ingested by bile acids.
Collapse
|