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Wang G, Ji X, Nie L, Xu R. Exploring the proteins and metabolites associated with male antennae responses to female exposure of Antheraea pernyi (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) moths. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2023; 116:1838-1849. [PMID: 37459048 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toad132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Detection of sex pheromones of insects relies on the antennae. The female pheromone signal transmission in the male antennae ultimately initiates the courtship and mating behaviors of males. To investigate the proteins and metabolites involved in this neural transduction, integrative proteomics and metabolomics analysis including tandem mass tag (TMT) proteomic quantification and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS)-based metabolomics was adopted for comparing proteomic and metabolic changes between the antennae of male moths following stimulation by females and the non-stimulated males of Antheraea pernyi (Guérin-Méneville, Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) in this study. A total of 92 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) containing 52 upregulated and 40 downregulated proteins and 545 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) including 218 upregulated and 327 downregulated metabolites were identified from the antennae of female-stimulated male moths based on the proteome and metabolome data, respectively. Bioinformatics analysis was performed for the 45 DEPs and 160 DEMs, including Gene Ontology (GO), Clusters of Orthologous Groups (COG), and Kyoto Encylopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis and Human Metabolome Database (HMDB) annotation. A number of DEPs and DEMs related to neural transmission of female pheromone signals in the male antennae of A. pernyi were screened, including tyrosine hydroxylase, cryptochrome-1, tachykinin, arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase, cadherin-23, glutathione S-transferase delta 3, tyramine, tryptamine, n-oleoyl dopamine, n-stearoyl dopamine, and n-stearoyl tyrosine. The altered expression levels of those proteins or metabolites were speculated involved in regulating the neuron activity for enhanced transmission of neural impulses and continuous perception, reception, and transduction of female pheromone signals. Our findings yielded novel insights into the potential mechanisms in the antennae of male A. pernyi responding to female attraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guobao Wang
- College of Biology and Oceanography, Weifang University, Weifang 261061, China
| | - Xiang Ji
- College of Biology and Oceanography, Weifang University, Weifang 261061, China
| | - Lei Nie
- Shandong Sericulture Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yantai 264002, China
| | - Ruirui Xu
- College of Biology and Oceanography, Weifang University, Weifang 261061, China
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2
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Hamid A, Gattuso H, Caglar AN, Pillai M, Steele T, Gonzalez A, Nagel K, Syed MH. The RNA-binding protein, Imp specifies olfactory navigation circuitry and behavior in Drosophila. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.26.542522. [PMID: 37398350 PMCID: PMC10312496 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.26.542522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Complex behaviors depend on the precise developmental specification of neuronal circuits, but the relationship between genetic prograssms for neural development, circuit structure, and behavioral output is often unclear. The central complex (CX) is a conserved sensory-motor integration center in insects that governs many higher order behaviors and largely derives from a small number of Type II neural stem cells. Here, we show that Imp, a conserved IGF-II mRNA-binding protein expressed in Type II neural stem cells, specifies components of CX olfactory navigation circuitry. We show: (1) that multiple components of olfactory navigation circuitry arise from Type II neural stem cells and manipulating Imp expression in Type II neural stem cells alters the number and morphology of many of these circuit elements, with the most potent effects on neurons targeting the ventral layers of the fan-shaped body. (2) Imp regulates the specification of Tachykinin expressing ventral fan-shaped body input neurons. (3) Imp in Type II neural stem cells alters the morphology of the CX neuropil structures. (4) Loss of Imp in Type II neural stem cells abolishes upwind orientation to attractive odor while leaving locomotion and odor-evoked regulation of movement intact. Taken together, our work establishes that a single temporally expressed gene can regulate the expression of a complex behavior through the developmental specification of multiple circuit components and provides a first step towards a developmental dissection of the CX and its roles in behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha Hamid
- Department of Biology, 219 Yale Blvd NE, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Hannah Gattuso
- Neuroscience Institute, NYU Medical Center, 435 E 30th St., New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Aysu Nora Caglar
- Current address: Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, 915 Camino De Salud NE, Albuquerque, NM 87132, USA
| | - Midhula Pillai
- Neuroscience Institute, NYU Medical Center, 435 E 30th St., New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Theresa Steele
- Neuroscience Institute, NYU Medical Center, 435 E 30th St., New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Alexa Gonzalez
- Department of Biology, 219 Yale Blvd NE, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Katherine Nagel
- Neuroscience Institute, NYU Medical Center, 435 E 30th St., New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Mubarak Hussain Syed
- Department of Biology, 219 Yale Blvd NE, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
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3
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Trebels B, Dippel S, Anders J, Ernst C, Goetz B, Keyser T, Rexer KH, Wimmer EA, Schachtner J. Anatomic and neurochemical analysis of the palpal olfactory system in the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum, HERBST. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1097462. [PMID: 36998268 PMCID: PMC10043995 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1097462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The paired antennal lobes were long considered the sole primary processing centers of the olfactory pathway in holometabolous insects receiving input from the olfactory sensory neurons of the antennae and mouthparts. In hemimetabolous insects, however, olfactory cues of the antennae and palps are processed separately. For the holometabolous red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum, we could show that primary processing of the palpal and antennal olfactory input also occurs separately and at distinct neuronal centers. While the antennal olfactory sensory neurons project into the antennal lobes, those of the palps project into the paired glomerular lobes and the unpaired gnathal olfactory center. Here we provide an extended analysis of the palpal olfactory pathway by combining scanning electron micrographs with confocal imaging of immunohistochemical staining and reporter expression identifying chemosensory and odorant receptor-expressing neurons in the palpal sensilla. In addition, we extended the anatomical characterization of the gnathal olfactory center by 3D reconstructions and investigated the distribution of several neuromediators. The similarities in the neuromediator repertoire between antennal lobes, glomerular lobes, and gnathal olfactory center underline the role of the latter two as additional primary olfactory processing centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn Trebels
- Animal Physiology, Department of Biology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Joachim Schachtner Björn Trebels Ernst A. Wimmer
| | - Stefan Dippel
- Animal Physiology, Department of Biology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Janet Anders
- Animal Physiology, Department of Biology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Clara Ernst
- Animal Physiology, Department of Biology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Brigitte Goetz
- Animal Physiology, Department of Biology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Tim Keyser
- Animal Physiology, Department of Biology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Karl Heinz Rexer
- Biodiversity of Plants, Department of Biology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Ernst A. Wimmer
- Department of Developmental Biology, Johann-Friedrich-Blumenbach-Institute for Zoology and Anthropology, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Joachim Schachtner Björn Trebels Ernst A. Wimmer
| | - Joachim Schachtner
- Animal Physiology, Department of Biology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Clausthal University of Technology, Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany
- *Correspondence: Joachim Schachtner Björn Trebels Ernst A. Wimmer
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4
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Metabolic control of daily locomotor activity mediated by tachykinin in Drosophila. Commun Biol 2021; 4:693. [PMID: 34099879 PMCID: PMC8184744 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02219-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolism influences locomotor behaviors, but the understanding of neural curcuit control for that is limited. Under standard light-dark cycles, Drosophila exhibits bimodal morning (M) and evening (E) locomotor activities that are controlled by clock neurons. Here, we showed that a high-nutrient diet progressively extended M activity but not E activity. Drosophila tachykinin (DTk) and Tachykinin-like receptor at 86C (TkR86C)-mediated signaling was required for the extension of M activity. DTk neurons were anatomically and functionally connected to the posterior dorsal neuron 1s (DN1ps) in the clock neuronal network. The activation of DTk neurons reduced intracellular Ca2+ levels in DN1ps suggesting an inhibitory connection. The contacts between DN1ps and DTk neurons increased gradually over time in flies fed a high-sucrose diet, consistent with the locomotor behavior. DN1ps have been implicated in integrating environmental sensory inputs (e.g., light and temperature) to control daily locomotor behavior. This study revealed that DN1ps also coordinated nutrient information through DTk signaling to shape daily locomotor behavior. Lee and colleagues report the effect of a high-sucrose diet on Drosophila locomotor activity via DTk-TkR86C neuropeptide signalling. This signalling pattern appears to involve a circadian element, with pacemaker neuron involvement having a possible time-of-day effect on locomotor behaviour.
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5
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Habenstein J, Thamm M, Rössler W. Neuropeptides as potential modulators of behavioral transitions in the ant Cataglyphis nodus. J Comp Neurol 2021; 529:3155-3170. [PMID: 33950523 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Age-related behavioral plasticity is a major prerequisite for the ecological success of insect societies. Although ecological aspects of behavioral flexibility have been targeted in many studies, the underlying intrinsic mechanisms controlling the diverse changes in behavior along the individual life history of social insects are not completely understood. Recently, the neuropeptides allatostatin-A, corazonin, and tachykinin have been associated with the regulation of behavioral transitions in social insects. Here, we investigated changes in brain localization and expression of these neuropeptides following major behavioral transitions in Cataglyphis nodus ants. Our immunohistochemical analyses in the brain revealed that the overall branching pattern of neurons immunoreactive (ir) for the three neuropeptides is largely independent of the behavioral stages. Numerous allatostatin-A- and tachykinin-ir neurons innervate primary sensory neuropils and high-order integration centers of the brain. In contrast, the number of corazonergic neurons is restricted to only four neurons per brain hemisphere with cell bodies located in the pars lateralis and axons extending to the medial protocerebrum and the retrocerebral complex. Most interestingly, the cell-body volumes of these neurons are significantly increased in foragers compared to freshly eclosed ants and interior workers. Quantification of mRNA expression levels revealed a stage-related change in the expression of allatostatin-A and corazonin mRNA in the brain. Given the presence of the neuropeptides in major control centers of the brain and the neurohemal organs, these mRNA-changes strongly suggest an important modulatory role of both neuropeptides in the behavioral maturation of Cataglyphis ants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Habenstein
- Behavioral Physiology and Sociobiology (Zoology II), Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Markus Thamm
- Behavioral Physiology and Sociobiology (Zoology II), Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Rössler
- Behavioral Physiology and Sociobiology (Zoology II), Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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6
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Sakai N, Ohno H, Yoshida M, Iwamoto E, Kurogi A, Jiang D, Sato T, Miyazato M, Kojima M, Kato J, Ida T. Characterization of putative tachykinin peptides in Caenorhabditis elegans. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 559:197-202. [PMID: 33945998 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.04.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Tachykinin-like peptides, such as substance P, neurokinin A, and neurokinin B, are among the earliest discovered and best-studied neuropeptide families, and research on them has contributed greatly to our understanding of the endocrine control of many physiological processes. However, there are still many orphan tachykinin receptor homologs for which cognate ligands have not yet been identified, especially in small invertebrates, such as the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). We here show that the C. elegans nlp-58 gene encodes putative ligands for the orphan G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) TKR-1, which is a worm ortholog of tachykinin receptors. We first determine, through an unbiased biochemical screen, that a peptide derived from the NLP-58 preprotein stimulates TKR-1. Three mature peptides that are predicted to be generated from NLP-58 show potent agonist activity against TKR-1. We designate these peptides as C. elegans tachykinin (CeTK)-1, -2, and -3. The CeTK peptides contain the C-terminal sequence GLR-amide, which is shared by tachykinin-like peptides in other invertebrate species. nlp-58 exhibits a strongly restricted expression pattern in several neurons, implying that CeTKs behave as neuropeptides. The discovery of CeTKs provides important information to aid our understanding of tachykinin-like peptides and their functional interaction with GPCRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Sakai
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Hayao Ohno
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Morikatsu Yoshida
- Department of Biochemistry, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, 564-8565, Japan
| | - Eri Iwamoto
- Clinical Research Center, Kurume University Hospital, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Akito Kurogi
- Division for Identification and Analysis of Bioactive Peptides, Department of Bioactive Peptides, Frontier Science Research, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, 889-1692, Japan
| | - Danfeng Jiang
- Division for Identification and Analysis of Bioactive Peptides, Department of Bioactive Peptides, Frontier Science Research, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, 889-1692, Japan
| | - Takahiro Sato
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Life Sciences, Kurume University, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Mikiya Miyazato
- Department of Biochemistry, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, 564-8565, Japan
| | - Masayasu Kojima
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Life Sciences, Kurume University, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Johji Kato
- Division for Identification and Analysis of Bioactive Peptides, Department of Bioactive Peptides, Frontier Science Research, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, 889-1692, Japan
| | - Takanori Ida
- Division for Identification and Analysis of Bioactive Peptides, Department of Bioactive Peptides, Frontier Science Research, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, 889-1692, Japan.
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7
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Habenstein J, Schmitt F, Liessem S, Ly A, Trede D, Wegener C, Predel R, Rössler W, Neupert S. Transcriptomic, peptidomic, and mass spectrometry imaging analysis of the brain in the ant Cataglyphis nodus. J Neurochem 2021; 158:391-412. [PMID: 33704768 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Behavioral flexibility is an important cornerstone for the ecological success of animals. Social Cataglyphis nodus ants with their age-related polyethism characterized by age-related behavioral phenotypes represent a prime example for behavioral flexibility. We propose neuropeptides as powerful candidates for the flexible modulation of age-related behavioral transitions in individual ants. As the neuropeptidome of C. nodus was unknown, we collected a comprehensive peptidomic data set obtained by transcriptome analysis of the ants' central nervous system combined with brain extract analysis by Q-Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry (MS) and direct tissue profiling of different regions of the brain by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) MS. In total, we identified 71 peptides with likely bioactive function, encoded on 49 neuropeptide-, neuropeptide-like, and protein hormone prepropeptide genes, including a novel neuropeptide-like gene (fliktin). We next characterized the spatial distribution of a subset of peptides encoded on 16 precursor proteins with high resolution by MALDI MS imaging (MALDI MSI) on 14 µm brain sections. The accuracy of our MSI data were confirmed by matching the immunostaining patterns for tachykinins with MSI ion images from consecutive brain sections. Our data provide a solid framework for future research into spatially resolved qualitative and quantitative peptidomic changes associated with stage-specific behavioral transitions and the functional role of neuropeptides in Cataglyphis ants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Habenstein
- Behavioral Physiology and Sociobiology (Zoology II), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Franziska Schmitt
- Behavioral Physiology and Sociobiology (Zoology II), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sander Liessem
- Department of Biology, Institute for Zoology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alice Ly
- Bruker Daltonik GmbH, Bremen, Germany
| | - Dennis Trede
- SCiLS, Zweigniederlassung Bremen der Bruker Daltonik GmbH, Bremen, Germany
| | - Christian Wegener
- Theodor-Boveri-Institute, Neurobiology and Genetics, Würzburg Insect Research, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Reinhard Predel
- Department of Biology, Institute for Zoology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Rössler
- Behavioral Physiology and Sociobiology (Zoology II), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Neupert
- Department of Biology, Institute for Zoology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Biology, University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany
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8
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Han B, Wei Q, Wu F, Hu H, Ma C, Meng L, Zhang X, Feng M, Fang Y, Rueppell O, Li J. Tachykinin signaling inhibits task-specific behavioral responsiveness in honeybee workers. eLife 2021; 10:64830. [PMID: 33760729 PMCID: PMC8016481 DOI: 10.7554/elife.64830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Behavioral specialization is key to the success of social insects and leads to division of labor among colony members. Response thresholds to task-specific stimuli are thought to proximally regulate behavioral specialization, but their neurobiological regulation is complex and not well understood. Here, we show that response thresholds to task-relevant stimuli correspond to the specialization of three behavioral phenotypes of honeybee workers in the well-studied and important Apis mellifera and Apis cerana. Quantitative neuropeptidome comparisons suggest two tachykinin-related peptides (TRP2 and TRP3) as candidates for the modification of these response thresholds. Based on our characterization of their receptor binding and downstream signaling, we confirm a functional role of tachykinin signaling in regulating specific responsiveness of honeybee workers: TRP2 injection and RNAi-mediated downregulation cause consistent, opposite effects on responsiveness to task-specific stimuli of each behaviorally specialized phenotype but not to stimuli that are unrelated to their tasks. Thus, our study demonstrates that TRP signaling regulates the degree of task-specific responsiveness of specialized honeybee workers and may control the context specificity of behavior in animals more generally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Han
- Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, China.,Department of Biology, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, United States
| | - Qiaohong Wei
- Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, China.,Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine, College of Life Science, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Han Hu
- Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, China
| | - Chuan Ma
- Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, China
| | - Lifeng Meng
- Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, China
| | - Xufeng Zhang
- Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, China.,Institute of Horticultural Research, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Mao Feng
- Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Fang
- Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, China
| | - Olav Rueppell
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, United States.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Jianke Li
- Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, China
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9
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Rainey AN, Fukui SM, Mark K, King HM, Blitz DM. Intrinsic sources of tachykinin-related peptide in the thoracic ganglion mass of the crab, Cancer borealis. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2021; 302:113688. [PMID: 33275935 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2020.113688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Neuropeptides comprise the largest class of neural and neuroendocrine signaling molecules. Vertebrate tachykinins (TKs) and the structurally-related invertebrate tachykinin-related peptides (TRPs) together form the largest neuropeptide superfamily, with a number of conserved neural and neuroendocrine functions across species. Arthropods, including crustaceans, have provided many insights into neuropeptide signaling and function. Crustacean tachykinin-related peptide occurs in endocrine organs and cells and in two of the major crustacean CNS components, the supraoesophageal ganglion ("brain") and the stomatogastric nervous system. However, little is known about TRP sources in the remaining major CNS component, the thoracic ganglion mass (TGM). To gain further insight into the function of this peptide, we aimed to identify intrinsic TRP sources in the TGM of the Jonah crab, Cancer borealis. We first adapted a clearing protocol to improve TRP immunoreactivity specifically in the TGM, which is a dense, fused mass of multiple ganglia in short-bodied crustaceans such as Cancer species of crabs. We verified that the clearing protocol avoided distortion of cell body morphology yet increased visibility of TRP immunoreactivity. Using confocal microscopy, we found TRP-immunoreactive (TRP-IR) axon tracts running the length of the TGM, TRP-IR neuropil in all ganglia, and approximately 110 TRP-IR somata distributed throughout the TGM, within and between ganglia. These somata likely represent both neural and neuroendocrine sources of TRP. Thus, there are many potential intrinsic sources of TRP in the TGM that are positioned to regulate behaviors such as food intake, locomotion, respiration, and reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda N Rainey
- Department of Biology and Center for Neuroscience, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, United States
| | - Stephanie M Fukui
- Department of Biology and Center for Neuroscience, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, United States
| | - Katie Mark
- Department of Biology and Center for Neuroscience, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, United States
| | - Hailey M King
- Department of Biology and Center for Neuroscience, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, United States
| | - Dawn M Blitz
- Department of Biology and Center for Neuroscience, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, United States.
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10
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Toprak U. The Role of Peptide Hormones in Insect Lipid Metabolism. Front Physiol 2020; 11:434. [PMID: 32457651 PMCID: PMC7221030 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipids are the primary storage molecules and an essential source of energy in insects during reproduction, prolonged periods of flight, starvation, and diapause. The coordination center for insect lipid metabolism is the fat body, which is analogous to the vertebrate adipose tissue and liver. The fat body is primarily composed of adipocytes, which accumulate triacylglycerols in intracellular lipid droplets. Genomics and proteomics, together with functional analyses, such as RNA interference and CRISPR/Cas9-targeted genome editing, identified various genes involved in lipid metabolism and elucidated their functions. However, the endocrine control of insect lipid metabolism, in particular the roles of peptide hormones in lipogenesis and lipolysis are relatively less-known topics. In the current review, the neuropeptides that directly or indirectly affect insect lipid metabolism are introduced. The primary lipolytic and lipogenic peptide hormones are adipokinetic hormone and the brain insulin-like peptides (ILP2, ILP3, ILP5). Other neuropeptides, such as insulin-growth factor ILP6, neuropeptide F, allatostatin-A, corazonin, leucokinin, tachykinins and limostatin, might stimulate lipolysis, while diapause hormone-pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide, short neuropeptide F, CCHamide-2, and the cytokines Unpaired 1 and Unpaired 2 might induce lipogenesis. Most of these peptides interact with one another, but mostly with insulin signaling, and therefore affect lipid metabolism indirectly. Peptide hormones are also involved in lipid metabolism during reproduction, flight, diapause, starvation, infections and immunity; these are also highlighted. The review concludes with a discussion of the potential of lipid metabolism-related peptide hormones in pest management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umut Toprak
- Molecular Entomology Lab., Department of Plant Protection Ankara, Faculty of Agriculture, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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11
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Akiba M, Sugimoto K, Aoki R, Murakami R, Miyashita T, Hashimoto R, Hiranuma A, Yamauchi J, Ueno T, Morimoto T. Dopamine modulates the optomotor response to unreliable visual stimuli in Drosophila melanogaster. Eur J Neurosci 2019; 51:822-839. [PMID: 31834948 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
State-dependent modulation of sensory systems has been studied in many organisms and is possibly mediated through neuromodulators such as monoamine neurotransmitters. Among these, dopamine is involved in many aspects of animal behaviour, including movement control, attention, motivation and cognition. However, the precise neural mechanism underlying dopaminergic modulation of behaviour induced by sensory stimuli remains poorly understood. Here, we used Drosophila melanogaster to show that dopamine can modulate the optomotor response to moving visual stimuli including noise. The optomotor response is the head-turning response to moving objects, which is observed in most sight-reliant animals including mammals and insects. First, the effects of the dopamine system on the optomotor response were investigated in mutant flies deficient in dopamine receptors D1R1 or D1R2, which are involved in the modulation of sleep-arousal in flies. We examined the optomotor response in D1R1 knockout (D1R1 KO) and D1R2 knockout (D1R2 KO) flies and found that it was not affected in D1R1 KO flies; however, it was significantly reduced in D1R2 KO flies compared with the wild type. Using cell-type-specific expression of an RNA interference construct of D1R2, we identified the fan-shaped body, a part of the central complex, responsible for dopamine-mediated modulation of the optomotor response. In particular, pontine cells in the fan-shaped body seemed important in the modulation of the optomotor response, and their neural activity was required for the optomotor response. These results suggest a novel role of the central complex in the modulation of a behaviour based on the processing of sensory stimulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masumi Akiba
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Neurology, School of Life Sciences, University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Sugimoto
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Neurology, School of Life Sciences, University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Computer Science, School of Computing, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Risa Aoki
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Neurology, School of Life Sciences, University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Murakami
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Neurology, School of Life Sciences, University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Riho Hashimoto
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Neurology, School of Life Sciences, University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Anna Hiranuma
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Neurology, School of Life Sciences, University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junji Yamauchi
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Neurology, School of Life Sciences, University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taro Ueno
- Department of Biomolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Toho University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takako Morimoto
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Neurology, School of Life Sciences, University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
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12
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Nässel DR, Zandawala M, Kawada T, Satake H. Tachykinins: Neuropeptides That Are Ancient, Diverse, Widespread and Functionally Pleiotropic. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:1262. [PMID: 31824255 PMCID: PMC6880623 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.01262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Tachykinins (TKs) are ancient neuropeptides present throughout the bilaterians and are, with some exceptions, characterized by a conserved FX1GX2Ramide carboxy terminus among protostomes and FXGLMamide in deuterostomes. The best-known TK is the vertebrate substance P, which in mammals, together with other TKs, has been implicated in health and disease with important roles in pain, inflammation, cancer, depressive disorder, immune system, gut function, hematopoiesis, sensory processing, and hormone regulation. The invertebrate TKs are also known to have multiple functions in the central nervous system and intestine and these have been investigated in more detail in the fly Drosophila and some other arthropods. Here, we review the protostome and deuterostome organization and evolution of TK precursors, peptides and their receptors, as well as their functions, which appear to be partly conserved across Bilateria. We also outline the distribution of TKs in the brains of representative organisms. In Drosophila, recent studies have revealed roles of TKs in early olfactory processing, neuromodulation in circuits controlling locomotion and food search, nociception, aggression, metabolic stress, and hormone release. TK signaling also regulates lipid metabolism in the Drosophila intestine. In crustaceans, TK is an important neuromodulator in rhythm-generating motor circuits in the stomatogastric nervous system and a presynaptic modulator of photoreceptor cells. Several additional functional roles of invertebrate TKs can be inferred from their distribution in various brain circuits. In addition, there are a few interesting cases where invertebrate TKs are injected into prey animals as vasodilators from salivary glands or paralyzing agents from venom glands. In these cases, the peptides are produced in the glands of the predator with sequences mimicking the prey TKs. Lastly, the TK-signaling system appears to have duplicated in Panarthropoda (comprising arthropods, onychophores, and tardigrades) to give rise to a novel type of peptides, natalisins, with a distinct receptor. The distribution and functions of natalisins are distinct from the TKs. In general, it appears that TKs are widely distributed and act in circuits at short range as neuromodulators or cotransmitters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dick R. Nässel
- Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Meet Zandawala
- Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Tsuyoshi Kawada
- Bioorganic Research Institute, Suntory Foundation for Life Sciences, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Honoo Satake
- Bioorganic Research Institute, Suntory Foundation for Life Sciences, Kyoto, Japan
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13
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Pauls D, Hamarat Y, Trufasu L, Schendzielorz TM, Gramlich G, Kahnt J, Vanselow JT, Schlosser A, Wegener C. Drosophila carboxypeptidase D (SILVER) is a key enzyme in neuropeptide processing required to maintain locomotor activity levels and survival rate. Eur J Neurosci 2019; 50:3502-3519. [PMID: 31309630 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Neuropeptides are processed from larger preproproteins by a dedicated set of enzymes. The molecular and biochemical mechanisms underlying preproprotein processing and the functional importance of processing enzymes are well-characterised in mammals, but little studied outside this group. In contrast to mammals, Drosophila melanogaster lacks a gene for carboxypeptidase E (CPE), a key enzyme for mammalian peptide processing. By combining peptidomics and neurogenetics, we addressed the role of carboxypeptidase D (dCPD) in global neuropeptide processing and selected peptide-regulated behaviours in Drosophila. We found that a deficiency in dCPD results in C-terminally extended peptides across the peptidome, suggesting that dCPD took over CPE function in the fruit fly. dCPD is widely expressed throughout the nervous system, including peptidergic neurons in the mushroom body and neuroendocrine cells expressing adipokinetic hormone. Conditional hypomorphic mutation in the dCPD-encoding gene silver in the larva causes lethality, and leads to deficits in starvation-induced hyperactivity and appetitive gustatory preference, as well as to reduced viability and activity levels in adults. A phylogenomic analysis suggests that loss of CPE is not common to insects, but only occurred in Hymenoptera and Diptera. Our results show that dCPD is a key enzyme for neuropeptide processing and peptide-regulated behaviour in Drosophila. dCPD thus appears as a suitable target to genetically shut down total neuropeptide production in peptidergic neurons. The persistent occurrence of CPD in insect genomes may point to important further CPD functions beyond neuropeptide processing which cannot be fulfilled by CPE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Pauls
- Neurobiology and Genetics, Theodor-Boveri-Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Yasin Hamarat
- Neurobiology and Genetics, Theodor-Boveri-Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,'Santaka' Valley I Health Telematics Science Institute, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Luisa Trufasu
- Neurobiology and Genetics, Theodor-Boveri-Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tim M Schendzielorz
- Neurobiology and Genetics, Theodor-Boveri-Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Gertrud Gramlich
- Neurobiology and Genetics, Theodor-Boveri-Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jörg Kahnt
- Max-Planck-Institute of Terrestrial Microbiology, Marburg, Germany
| | - Jens T Vanselow
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Schlosser
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christian Wegener
- Neurobiology and Genetics, Theodor-Boveri-Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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14
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Arvidson R, Kaiser M, Lee SS, Urenda JP, Dail C, Mohammed H, Nolan C, Pan S, Stajich JE, Libersat F, Adams ME. Parasitoid Jewel Wasp Mounts Multipronged Neurochemical Attack to Hijack a Host Brain. Mol Cell Proteomics 2019; 18:99-114. [PMID: 30293061 PMCID: PMC6317478 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra118.000908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The parasitoid emerald jewel wasp Ampulex compressa induces a compliant state of hypokinesia in its host, the American cockroach Periplaneta americana through direct envenomation of the central nervous system (CNS). To elucidate the biochemical strategy underlying venom-induced hypokinesia, we subjected the venom apparatus and milked venom to RNAseq and proteomics analyses to construct a comprehensive "venome," consisting of 264 proteins. Abundant in the venome are enzymes endogenous to the host brain, including M13 family metalloproteases, phospholipases, adenosine deaminase, hyaluronidase, and neuropeptide precursors. The amphipathic, alpha-helical ampulexins are among the most abundant venom components. Also prominent are members of the Toll/NF-κB signaling pathway, including proteases Persephone, Snake, Easter, and the Toll receptor ligand Spätzle. We find evidence that venom components are processed following envenomation. The acidic (pH∼4) venom contains unprocessed neuropeptide tachykinin and corazonin precursors and is conspicuously devoid of the corresponding processed, biologically active peptides. Neutralization of venom leads to appearance of mature tachykinin and corazonin, suggesting that the wasp employs precursors as a prolonged time-release strategy within the host brain post-envenomation. Injection of fully processed tachykinin into host cephalic ganglia elicits short-term hypokinesia. Ion channel modifiers and cytolytic toxins are absent in A. compressa venom, which appears to hijack control of the host brain by introducing a "storm" of its own neurochemicals. Our findings deepen understanding of the chemical warfare underlying host-parasitoid interactions and in particular neuromodulatory mechanisms that enable manipulation of host behavior to suit the nutritional needs of opportunistic parasitoid progeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Arvidson
- From the ‡Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of California, Riverside, California 92521;; ¶Department of Molecular, Cell, and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Maayan Kaiser
- §Department of Life Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Sang Soo Lee
- ¶Department of Molecular, Cell, and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, California 92521;; ‖Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Jean-Paul Urenda
- ¶Department of Molecular, Cell, and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Christopher Dail
- ¶Department of Molecular, Cell, and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Haroun Mohammed
- ¶Department of Molecular, Cell, and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Cebrina Nolan
- **Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Songqin Pan
- ‡‡Institute for Integrated Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Jason E Stajich
- §§Department of Microbiology & Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Frederic Libersat
- §Department of Life Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Michael E Adams
- From the ‡Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of California, Riverside, California 92521;; ¶Department of Molecular, Cell, and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, California 92521;; ‖Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of California, Riverside, California 92521;; **Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, California 92521;; ‡‡Institute for Integrated Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, California 92521;; ¶Department of Molecular, Cell, and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, California 92521;.
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15
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Characterization and Expression Profiling of Neuropeptides and G-Protein-Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) for Neuropeptides in the Asian Citrus Psyllid, Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Psyllidae). Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19123912. [PMID: 30563248 PMCID: PMC6321106 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropeptides are endogenous active substances that widely exist in multicellular biological nerve tissue and participate in the function of the nervous system, and most of them act on neuropeptide receptors. In insects, neuropeptides and their receptors play important roles in controlling a multitude of physiological processes. In this project, we sequenced the transcriptome from twelve tissues of the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama. A total of 40 candidate neuropeptide genes and 42 neuropeptide receptor genes were identified. Among the neuropeptide receptor genes, 35 of them belong to the A-family (or rhodopsin-like), four of them belong to the B-family (or secretin-like), and three of them are leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptors. The expression profile of the 82 genes across developmental stages was determined by qRT-PCR. Our study provides the first investigation on the genes of neuropeptides and their receptors in D. citri, which may play key roles in regulating the physiology and behaviors of D. citri.
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16
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The Effects of High Fat Diet-Induced Stress on Olfactory Sensitivity, Behaviors, and Transcriptional Profiling in Drosophila melanogaster. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19102855. [PMID: 30241362 PMCID: PMC6213603 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19102855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD) often causes obesity and it has detrimental effects on the sensory system. In particular, sensory-mediated responses are crucial for maintaining energy balance, as they are involved in a metabolic regulation; however, there is still no clear explanation about the relationship between HFD-induced stress and sensory system. To gain insight on how HFD-induced stress affects olfactory sensitivity and behavioral responses, we have used a Drosophila melanogaster model for olfactory and nutrient-related signaling and accessed physiological, behavioral, and transcriptional changes. We demonstrated that lifespan and climbing ability in HFD-treated flies decreased and that olfactory sensitivity and behavioral responses to odorants were changed. Olfactory sensitivity to eight of ten odorants after 14 days on HFD treatment were reduced, while behavioral attraction was increased to benzaldehyde in flies that were treated with HFD. This behavioral and physiological modification in HFD-treated flies for 14 days was accompanied by a significant decrease in DmOrco gene expression in a peripheral olfactory organ, suggesting that is could be involved in the action of metabolic and sensory signal. Gene expression profiles of antennae showed significant differences on the olfactory receptors, odorant-binding proteins, and insulin signaling. Our results suggested that olfactory sensitivity and behavioral responses to HFD-induced stress are mediated through olfactory and nutrient-related signaling pathways.
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17
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Dubos MP, Zels S, Schwartz J, Pasquier J, Schoofs L, Favrel P. Characterization of a tachykinin signalling system in the bivalve mollusc Crassostrea gigas. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2018; 266:110-118. [PMID: 29746853 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Although tachykinin-like neuropeptides have been identified in molluscs more than two decades ago, knowledge on their function and signalling has so far remained largely elusive. We developed a cell-based assay to address the functionality of the tachykinin G-protein coupled receptor (Cragi-TKR) in the oyster Crassostrea gigas. The oyster tachykinin neuropeptides that are derived from the tachykinin precursor gene Cragi-TK activate the Cragi-TKR in nanomolar concentrations. Receptor activation is sensitive to Ala-substitution of critical Cragi-TK amino acid residues. The Cragi-TKR gene is expressed in a variety of tissues, albeit at higher levels in the visceral ganglia (VG) of the nervous system. Fluctuations of Cragi-TKR expression is in line with a role for TK signalling in C. gigas reproduction. The expression level of the Cragi-TK gene in the VG depends on the nutritional status of the oyster, suggesting a role for TK signalling in the complex regulation of feeding in C. gigas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Pierre Dubos
- Normandy University, Université de Caen Normandie, UMR BOREA, MNHN, UPMC, UCBN, CNRS-7208, IRD-207, Esplanade de la Paix, 14032 Caen Cedex, France
| | - Sven Zels
- Department of Biology, Functional Genomics and Proteomics Group, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Julie Schwartz
- Normandy University, Université de Caen Normandie, UMR BOREA, MNHN, UPMC, UCBN, CNRS-7208, IRD-207, Esplanade de la Paix, 14032 Caen Cedex, France
| | - Jeremy Pasquier
- Normandy University, Université de Caen Normandie, UMR BOREA, MNHN, UPMC, UCBN, CNRS-7208, IRD-207, Esplanade de la Paix, 14032 Caen Cedex, France
| | - Liliane Schoofs
- Department of Biology, Functional Genomics and Proteomics Group, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pascal Favrel
- Normandy University, Université de Caen Normandie, UMR BOREA, MNHN, UPMC, UCBN, CNRS-7208, IRD-207, Esplanade de la Paix, 14032 Caen Cedex, France.
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18
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Pratavieira M, Menegasso ARDS, Esteves FG, Sato KU, Malaspina O, Palma MS. MALDI Imaging Analysis of Neuropeptides in Africanized Honeybee (Apis mellifera) Brain: Effect of Aggressiveness. J Proteome Res 2018; 17:2358-2369. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.8b00098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Pratavieira
- Institute of Biosciences, Department of Biology, Center of the Study of Social Insects, University of São Paulo State (UNESP), Rio Claro, São Paulo 13506-900, Brazil
| | - Anally Ribeiro da Silva Menegasso
- Institute of Biosciences, Department of Biology, Center of the Study of Social Insects, University of São Paulo State (UNESP), Rio Claro, São Paulo 13506-900, Brazil
| | - Franciele Grego Esteves
- Institute of Biosciences, Department of Biology, Center of the Study of Social Insects, University of São Paulo State (UNESP), Rio Claro, São Paulo 13506-900, Brazil
| | - Kenny Umino Sato
- Institute of Biosciences, Department of Biology, Center of the Study of Social Insects, University of São Paulo State (UNESP), Rio Claro, São Paulo 13506-900, Brazil
| | - Osmar Malaspina
- Institute of Biosciences, Department of Biology, Center of the Study of Social Insects, University of São Paulo State (UNESP), Rio Claro, São Paulo 13506-900, Brazil
| | - Mario Sergio Palma
- Institute of Biosciences, Department of Biology, Center of the Study of Social Insects, University of São Paulo State (UNESP), Rio Claro, São Paulo 13506-900, Brazil
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19
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Zhang Y, DeLaney K, Hui L, Wang J, Sturm RM, Li L. A Multifaceted Mass Spectrometric Method to Probe Feeding Related Neuropeptide Changes in Callinectes sapidus and Carcinus maenas. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2018; 29:948-960. [PMID: 29435768 PMCID: PMC5959843 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-017-1888-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Food intake is regulated by various neuromodulators, including numerous neuropeptides. However, it remains elusive at the molecular and cellular level as to how these important chemicals regulate internal processes and which regions of the neuronal organs are responsible for regulating the behavior. Here we report a comparative neuropeptidomic analysis of the brain and pericardial organ (PO) in response to feeding in two well-studied crustacean physiology model organisms, Callinectes sapidus and Carcinus maenas, using mass spectrometry (MS) techniques. A multifaceted MS-based approach has been developed to obtain complementary information on the expression changes of a large array of neuropeptides in the brain and PO. The method employs stable isotope labeling of brain and PO extracts for relative MS quantitation, capillary electrophoresis (CE)-MS for fractionation and high-specificity analysis, and mass spectrometric imaging (MSI) for in-situ molecular mapping of peptides. A number of neuropeptides, including RFamides, B-type allatostatins (AST-B), RYamides, and orcokinins exhibit significant changes in abundance after feeding in this investigation. Peptides from the AST-B family found in PO tissue were shown to have both altered expression and localization changes after feeding, indicating that they may be a class of vital neuropeptide regulators involved in feeding behavior. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhuo Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 777 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53705-2222, USA
| | - Kellen DeLaney
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Ave, Madison, WI, 53706-1322, USA
| | - Limei Hui
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 777 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53705-2222, USA
| | - Junhua Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Ave, Madison, WI, 53706-1322, USA
| | - Robert M Sturm
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 777 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53705-2222, USA
| | - Lingjun Li
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 777 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53705-2222, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Ave, Madison, WI, 53706-1322, USA.
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20
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Gómez-Ramos MDM, Gómez Ramos MJ, Martínez Galera M, Gil García MD, Fernández-Alba AR. Analysis and evaluation of (neuro)peptides in honey bees exposed to pesticides in field conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 235:750-760. [PMID: 29339344 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.12.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
During the last years, declines in honey bee colonies are being registered worldwide. Cholinergic pesticides and their extensive use have been correlated to the decline of pollinators and there is evidence that pesticides act as neuroendocrine disruptors affecting the metabolism of neuropeptides. However, there is a big absence of studies with quantitative results correlating the effect of pesticide exposure with changes on neuropeptides insects, and most of them are conducted under laboratory conditions, typically with individual active ingredients. In this study, we present an analytical workflow to evaluate pesticide effects on honey bees through the analysis of (neuro)peptides. The workflow consists of a rapid extraction method and liquid chromatography with triple quadrupole for preselected neuropeptides. For non-target analysis, high resolution mass spectrometry, multivariate analysis and automatic identification of discriminated peptides using a specific software and protein sequence databases. The analytical method was applied to the analysis of target and non-target (neuro)peptides in honey bees with low and high content of a wide range of pesticides to which have been exposed in field conditions. Our findings show that the identification frequency of target neuropeptides decreases significantly in honey bees with high concentration of pesticides (pesticide concentrations ≥ 500 μg kg-1) in comparison with the honey bees with low content of pesticides (pesticide concentrations ≤ 20 μg kg-1). Moreover, the principal component analysis in non-target search shows a clear distinction between peptide concentration in honey bees with high level of pesticides and honey bees with low level. The use of high resolution mass spectrometry has allowed the identification of 25 non-redundant peptides responsible for discrimination between the two groups, derived from 18 precursor proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Del Mar Gómez-Ramos
- Chemistry and Physics Department, University of Almeria, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - María José Gómez Ramos
- Chemistry and Physics Department, University of Almeria, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), 04120 Almería, Spain.
| | - María Martínez Galera
- Chemistry and Physics Department, University of Almeria, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - María Dolores Gil García
- Chemistry and Physics Department, University of Almeria, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Amadeo R Fernández-Alba
- Chemistry and Physics Department, University of Almeria, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), 04120 Almería, Spain
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21
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Sayin S, Boehm AC, Kobler JM, De Backer JF, Grunwald Kadow IC. Internal State Dependent Odor Processing and Perception-The Role of Neuromodulation in the Fly Olfactory System. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:11. [PMID: 29440990 PMCID: PMC5797598 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Animals rely heavily on their sense of olfaction to perform various vital interactions with an ever-in-flux environment. The turbulent and combinatorial nature of air-borne odorant cues demands the employment of various coding strategies, which allow the animal to attune to its internal needs and past or present experiences. Furthermore, these internal needs can be dependent on internal states such as hunger, reproductive state and sickness. Neuromodulation is a key component providing flexibility under such conditions. Understanding the contributions of neuromodulation, such as sensory neuron sensitization and choice bias requires manipulation of neuronal activity on a local and global scale. With Drosophila's genetic toolset, these manipulations are feasible and even allow a detailed look on the functional role of classical neuromodulators such as dopamine, octopamine and neuropeptides. The past years unraveled various mechanisms adapting chemosensory processing and perception to internal states such as hunger and reproductive state. However, future research should also investigate the mechanisms underlying other internal states including the modulatory influence of endogenous microbiota on Drosophila behavior. Furthermore, sickness induced by pathogenic infection could lead to novel insights as to the neuromodulators of circuits that integrate such a negative postingestive signal within the circuits governing olfactory behavior and learning. The enriched emporium of tools Drosophila provides will help to build a concrete picture of the influence of neuromodulation on olfaction and metabolism, adaptive behavior and our overall understanding of how a brain works.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sercan Sayin
- Neural Circuits and Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Ariane C Boehm
- Neural Circuits and Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Chemosensory Coding, Max Planck Institute of Neurobiology, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Johanna M Kobler
- Neural Circuits and Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Chemosensory Coding, Max Planck Institute of Neurobiology, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Jean-François De Backer
- Neural Circuits and Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Ilona C Grunwald Kadow
- Neural Circuits and Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Chemosensory Coding, Max Planck Institute of Neurobiology, Martinsried, Germany
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22
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Haddad ANS, Defferrari MS, Hana S, Szeto SG, Lange AB. Expression and functional characterization of tachykinin-related peptides in the blood-feeding bug, Rhodnius prolixus. Peptides 2018; 99:247-254. [PMID: 29133203 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2017.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Tachykinins (tachykinin-related peptides, TRPs) are multifunctional neuropeptides that have widespread distribution in the central nervous system (CNS) and in the gastrointestinal tract of many insects, and most have been shown to stimulate contractions of visceral muscles. Invertebrate TRPs carry a characteristic conserved C-terminal pentapeptide (FXGXR-amide) and most of them share some amino acid sequence similarities (approx. 45%) with the vertebrate and mammalian tachykinin family. We have functionally characterized the tachykinins in R. prolixus (Rhopr-TKs) and partially cloned the transcript that encodes for the peptide precursor. The transcript encodes 8 Rhopr-TKs, 7 of which are unique with Rhopr-TK 5 having 2 copies. The spatial distribution analysis of the Rhopr-TK transcript indicates that the highest expression levels are in the CNS, but transcript expression is also associated with salivary glands, fat body, dorsal vessel, and the various gut compartments. Rhopr-TK 1, 2 and 5 significantly increase the frequency and amplitude of peristaltic contractions of the salivary glands. Hindgut muscle also displayed a dose-dependent increase in basal tonus in response to Rhopr-TK1, 2 and 5. TK-like immunoreactivity was seen in a small group of processes that are situated on the lateral margins of the hindgut. Interestingly, kinin-like immunoreactivity is seen in immunoreactive processes on the lateral margin of the hindgut as well as fine processes covering the entire hindgut. Co-localization studies show that TK-like staining is always co-localized with kinin-like immunoreactivity, whereas kinin-like staining is seen in the fine processes that are devoid of TK-like immunoreactivity indicating that TKs are most likely released together with kinins to act on the hindgut. Rhopr-Kinin 2 is a potent stimulator of hindgut muscle contraction in R. prolixus. Addition of Rhopr-Kinin 2 and Rhopr-TK 2 to the hindgut leads to a contraction that was additive of the effects of Rhopr-Kinin 2 and Rhopr-TK 2 alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- A N S Haddad
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada.
| | - M S Defferrari
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - S Hana
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - S G Szeto
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - A B Lange
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
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23
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Zhao XC, Xie GY, Berg BG, Schachtner J, Homberg U. Distribution of tachykinin-related peptides in the brain of the tobacco budworm Heliothis virescens. J Comp Neurol 2017; 525:3918-3934. [DOI: 10.1002/cne.24310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Cheng Zhao
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection; Henan Agricultural University; Zhengzhou 450002 China
- Chemosensory lab/Department of Psychology; Norwegian University of Science and Technology; Trondheim 7489 Norway
| | - Gui-Ying Xie
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection; Henan Agricultural University; Zhengzhou 450002 China
| | - Bente G. Berg
- Chemosensory lab/Department of Psychology; Norwegian University of Science and Technology; Trondheim 7489 Norway
| | - Joachim Schachtner
- Department of Biology, Animal Physiology; Philipps University; Marburg 35032 Germany
| | - Uwe Homberg
- Department of Biology, Animal Physiology; Philipps University; Marburg 35032 Germany
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24
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Schoofs L, De Loof A, Van Hiel MB. Neuropeptides as Regulators of Behavior in Insects. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY 2017; 62:35-52. [PMID: 27813667 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ento-031616-035500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Neuropeptides are by far the largest and most diverse group of signaling molecules in multicellular organisms. They are ancient molecules important in regulating a multitude of processes. Their small proteinaceous character allowed them to evolve and radiate quickly into numerous different molecules. On average, hundreds of distinct neuropeptides are present in animals, sometimes with unique classes that do not occur in distantly related species. Acting as neurotransmitters, neuromodulators, hormones, or growth factors, they are extremely diverse and are involved in controlling growth, development, ecdysis, digestion, diuresis, and many more physiological processes. Neuropeptides are also crucial in regulating myriad behavioral actions associated with feeding, courtship, sleep, learning and memory, stress, addiction, and social interactions. In general, behavior ensures that an organism can survive in its environment and is defined as any action that can change an organism's relationship to its surroundings. Even though the mode of action of neuropeptides in insects has been vigorously studied, relatively little is known about most neuropeptides and only a few model insects have been investigated. Here, we provide an overview of the roles neuropeptides play in insect behavior. We conclude that multiple neuropeptides need to work in concert to coordinate certain behaviors. Additionally, most neuropeptides studied to date have more than a single function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliane Schoofs
- Functional Genomics and Proteomics Group, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; , ,
| | - Arnold De Loof
- Functional Genomics and Proteomics Group, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; , ,
| | - Matthias Boris Van Hiel
- Functional Genomics and Proteomics Group, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; , ,
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25
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Gui SH, Jiang HB, Xu L, Pei YX, Liu XQ, Smagghe G, Wang JJ. Role of a tachykinin-related peptide and its receptor in modulating the olfactory sensitivity in the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel). INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 80:71-78. [PMID: 27923683 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Insect tachykinin-related peptide (TRP), an ortholog of tachykinin in vertebrates, has been linked with regulation of diverse physiological processes, such as olfactory perception, locomotion, aggression, lipid metabolism and myotropic activity. In this study, we investigated the function of TRP (BdTRP) and its receptor (BdTRPR) in an important agricultural pest, the oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis. BdTRPR is a typical G-protein coupled-receptor (GPCR), and it could be activated by the putative BdTRP mature peptides with the effective concentrations (EC50) at the nanomolar range when expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Consistent with its role as a neuromodulator, expression of BdTRP was detected in the central nervous system (CNS) of B. dorsalis, specifically in the local interneurons with cell bodies lateral to the antennal lobe. BdTRPR was found in the CNS, midgut and hindgut, but interestingly also in the antennae. To investigate the role of BdTRP and BdTRPR in olfaction behavior, adult flies were subjected to RNA interference, which led to a reduction in the antennal electrophysiological response and sensitivity to ethyl acetate in the Y-tube assay. Taken together, we demonstrate the impact of TRP/TRPR signaling on the modulation of the olfactory sensitivity in B. dorsalis. The result improve our understanding of olfactory processing in this agriculturally important pest insect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Hua Gui
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Hong-Bo Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Li Xu
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yu-Xia Pei
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Guy Smagghe
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Department of Crop Protection, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jin-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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26
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Kollmann M, Schmidt R, Heuer CM, Schachtner J. Variations on a Theme: Antennal Lobe Architecture across Coleoptera. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0166253. [PMID: 27973569 PMCID: PMC5156346 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Beetles comprise about 400,000 described species, nearly one third of all known animal species. The enormous success of the order Coleoptera is reflected by a rich diversity of lifestyles, behaviors, morphological, and physiological adaptions. All these evolutionary adaptions that have been driven by a variety of parameters over the last about 300 million years, make the Coleoptera an ideal field to study the evolution of the brain on the interface between the basic bauplan of the insect brain and the adaptions that occurred. In the current study we concentrated on the paired antennal lobes (AL), the part of the brain that is typically responsible for the first processing of olfactory information collected from olfactory sensilla on antenna and mouthparts. We analyzed 63 beetle species from 22 different families and thus provide an extensive comparison of principal neuroarchitecture of the AL. On the examined anatomical level, we found a broad diversity including AL containing a wide range of glomeruli numbers reaching from 50 to 150 glomeruli and several species with numerous small glomeruli, resembling the microglomerular design described in acridid grasshoppers and diving beetles, and substructures within the glomeruli that have to date only been described for the small hive beetle, Aethina tumida. A first comparison of the various anatomical features of the AL with available descriptions of lifestyle and behaviors did so far not reveal useful correlations. In summary, the current study provides a solid basis for further studies to unravel mechanisms that are basic to evolutionary adaptions of the insect olfactory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Kollmann
- Department of Biology—Animal Physiology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Rovenna Schmidt
- Department of Biology—Animal Physiology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Justus-Liebig University Gießen, Gießen, Germany
| | - Carsten M. Heuer
- Department of Biology—Animal Physiology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Fraunhofer-Institut für Naturwissenschaftlich-Technische Trendanalysen INT, Euskirchen, Germany
| | - Joachim Schachtner
- Department of Biology—Animal Physiology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
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Schmitt F, Vanselow JT, Schlosser A, Wegener C, Rössler W. Neuropeptides in the desert antCataglyphis fortis: Mass spectrometric analysis, localization, and age-related changes. J Comp Neurol 2016; 525:901-918. [DOI: 10.1002/cne.24109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Schmitt
- Behavioral Physiology and Sociobiology, Theodor-Boveri-Institute, Biocenter; University of Würzburg; D-97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Jens T. Vanselow
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine; University of Würzburg; D-97080 Würzburg Germany
| | - Andreas Schlosser
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine; University of Würzburg; D-97080 Würzburg Germany
| | - Christian Wegener
- Neurobiology and Genetics, Theodor-Boveri-Institute, Biocenter; University of Würzburg; D-97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Wolfgang Rössler
- Behavioral Physiology and Sociobiology, Theodor-Boveri-Institute, Biocenter; University of Würzburg; D-97074 Würzburg Germany
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28
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Boyan GS, Liu Y. Development of the Neurochemical Architecture of the Central Complex. Front Behav Neurosci 2016; 10:167. [PMID: 27630548 PMCID: PMC5005427 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2016.00167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The central complex represents one of the most conspicuous neuroarchitectures to be found in the insect brain and regulates a wide repertoire of behaviors including locomotion, stridulation, spatial orientation and spatial memory. In this review article, we show that in the grasshopper, a model insect system, the intricate wiring of the fan-shaped body (FB) begins early in embryogenesis when axons from the first progeny of four protocerebral stem cells (called W, X, Y, Z, respectively) in each brain hemisphere establish a set of tracts to the primary commissural system. Decussation of subsets of commissural neurons at stereotypic locations across the brain midline then establishes a columnar neuroarchitecture in the FB which is completed during embryogenesis. Examination of the expression patterns of various neurochemicals in the central complex including neuropeptides, a neurotransmitter and the gas nitric oxide (NO), show that these appear progressively and in a substance-specific manner during embryogenesis. Each neuroactive substance is expressed by neurons located at stereotypic locations in a given central complex lineage, confirming that the stem cells are biochemically multipotent. The organization of axons expressing the various neurochemicals within the central complex is topologically related to the location, and hence birthdate, of the neurons within the lineages. The neurochemical expression patterns within the FB are layered, and so reflect the temporal topology present in the lineages. This principle relates the neuroanatomical to the neurochemical architecture of the central complex and so may provide insights into the development of adaptive behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- George S. Boyan
- Developmental Neurobiology Group, Department of Biology II, Ludwig-Maximilians-UniversitätMunich, Germany
| | - Yu Liu
- Developmental Neurobiology Group, Department of Biology II, Ludwig-Maximilians-UniversitätMunich, Germany
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29
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Howe J, Schiøtt M, Boomsma JJ. Tachykinin Expression Levels Correlate with Caste-Specific Aggression in Workers of the Leaf-Cutting Ant Acromyrmex echinatior. Front Ecol Evol 2016. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2016.00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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30
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Jiang H, Kim D, Dobesh S, Evans JD, Nachman RJ, Kaczmarek K, Zabrocki J, Park Y. Ligand selectivity in tachykinin and natalisin neuropeptidergic systems of the honey bee parasitic mite Varroa destructor. Sci Rep 2016; 6:19547. [PMID: 26817786 PMCID: PMC4730192 DOI: 10.1038/srep19547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The varroa mite, Varroa destructor, is a devastating ectoparasite of the honey bees Apis mellifera and A. cerana. Control of these mites in beehives is a challenge in part due to the lack of toxic agents that are specific to mites and not to the host honey bee. In searching for a specific toxic target of varroa mites, we investigated two closely related neuropeptidergic systems, tachykinin-related peptide (TRP) and natalisin (NTL), and their respective receptors. Honey bees lack both NTL and the NTL receptor in their genome sequences, providing the rationale for investigating these receptors to understand their specificities to various ligands. We characterized the receptors for NTL and TRP of V. destructor (VdNTL-R and VdTRP-R, respectively) and for TRP of A. mellifera (AmTRP-R) in a heterologous reporter assay system to determine the activities of various ligands including TRP/NTL peptides and peptidomimetics. Although we found that AmTRP-R is highly promiscuous, activated by various ligands including two VdNTL peptides when a total of 36 ligands were tested, we serendipitously found that peptides carrying the C-terminal motif -FWxxRamide are highly specific to VdTRP-R. This motif can serve as a seed sequence for designing a VdTRP-R-specific agonist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Jiang
- Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People’s Republic of China
| | - Donghun Kim
- Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
| | - Sharon Dobesh
- Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
| | - Jay D. Evans
- Bee Research Laboratory, BARC-E, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Ronald J. Nachman
- Insect Control and Cotton Disease Research Unit, Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, USDA, 2881 F/B Road, College Station, TX 77845, United States
| | - Krzysztof Kaczmarek
- Insect Control and Cotton Disease Research Unit, Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, USDA, 2881 F/B Road, College Station, TX 77845, United States
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Janusz Zabrocki
- Insect Control and Cotton Disease Research Unit, Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, USDA, 2881 F/B Road, College Station, TX 77845, United States
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Yoonseong Park
- Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
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31
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Kaniewska P, Alon S, Karako-Lampert S, Hoegh-Guldberg O, Levy O. Signaling cascades and the importance of moonlight in coral broadcast mass spawning. eLife 2015; 4. [PMID: 26668113 PMCID: PMC4721961 DOI: 10.7554/elife.09991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Many reef-building corals participate in a mass-spawning event that occurs yearly on the Great Barrier Reef. This coral reproductive event is one of earth's most prominent examples of synchronised behavior, and coral reproductive success is vital to the persistence of coral reef ecosystems. Although several environmental cues have been implicated in the timing of mass spawning, the specific sensory cues that function together with endogenous clock mechanisms to ensure accurate timing of gamete release are largely unknown. Here, we show that moonlight is an important external stimulus for mass spawning synchrony and describe the potential mechanisms underlying the ability of corals to detect environmental triggers for the signaling cascades that ultimately result in gamete release. Our study increases the understanding of reproductive chronobiology in corals and strongly supports the hypothesis that coral gamete release is achieved by a complex array of potential neurohormones and light-sensing molecules. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.09991.001 Sexual reproduction in corals is possibly the most important process for replenishing degraded coral reefs. Most corals are “broadcast spawners” that reproduce by releasing their egg cells and sperm cells into the sea water surface. To maximize their chances of reproductive success, most coral in the Great Barrier Reef – over 130 species – spawn on the same night, during a time window that is approximately 30-60 minutes long. This is the largest-scale mass spawning event of coral in the world, and is triggered by changes in sea water temperature, tides, sunrise and sunset and by the intensity of the moonlight. How corals tune their spawning behavior with the phases of the moonlight was an unanswered question for decades. Now, Kaniewska, Alon et al. have exposed the coral Acropora millepora – which makes up part of the Great Barrier Reef – to different light treatments and sampled the corals before, during and after their spawning periods. This revealed that light causes changes to gene expression and signaling processes inside cells. These changes are specifically related to the release of egg and sperm cells, and occur only on the night of spawning. Furthermore, by exposing corals to light conditions that mimic artificial urban “light pollution”, Kaniewska, Alon et al. caused a mismatch in certain cellular signaling processes that prevented the corals from spawning. Reducing the exposure of corals to artificial lighting could therefore help to protect and regenerate coral reefs. Future work will involve comparing these results with information about a coral species from another part of the world to investigate whether there is a universal mechanism used by corals to control when they spawn. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.09991.002
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Kaniewska
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Queensland, Australia.,School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Shahar Alon
- George S Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Neurobiology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sarit Karako-Lampert
- Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Ove Hoegh-Guldberg
- Global Change Institute and ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Oren Levy
- Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
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32
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Kaniewska P, Alon S, Karako-Lampert S, Hoegh-Guldberg O, Levy O. Signaling cascades and the importance of moonlight in coral broadcast mass spawning. eLife 2015. [PMID: 26668113 DOI: 10.7554/elife.09991.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Many reef-building corals participate in a mass-spawning event that occurs yearly on the Great Barrier Reef. This coral reproductive event is one of earth's most prominent examples of synchronised behavior, and coral reproductive success is vital to the persistence of coral reef ecosystems. Although several environmental cues have been implicated in the timing of mass spawning, the specific sensory cues that function together with endogenous clock mechanisms to ensure accurate timing of gamete release are largely unknown. Here, we show that moonlight is an important external stimulus for mass spawning synchrony and describe the potential mechanisms underlying the ability of corals to detect environmental triggers for the signaling cascades that ultimately result in gamete release. Our study increases the understanding of reproductive chronobiology in corals and strongly supports the hypothesis that coral gamete release is achieved by a complex array of potential neurohormones and light-sensing molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Kaniewska
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Queensland, Australia.,School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Shahar Alon
- George S Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Neurobiology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sarit Karako-Lampert
- Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Ove Hoegh-Guldberg
- Global Change Institute and ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Oren Levy
- Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
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33
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Caers J, Boonen K, Van Den Abbeele J, Van Rompay L, Schoofs L, Van Hiel MB. Peptidomics of Neuropeptidergic Tissues of the Tsetse Fly Glossina morsitans morsitans. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2015; 26:2024-2038. [PMID: 26463237 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-015-1248-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Revised: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Neuropeptides and peptide hormones are essential signaling molecules that regulate nearly all physiological processes. The recent release of the tsetse fly genome allowed the construction of a detailed in silico neuropeptide database (International Glossina Genome Consortium, Science 344, 380-386 (2014)), as well as an in-depth mass spectrometric analysis of the most important neuropeptidergic tissues of this medically and economically important insect species. Mass spectrometric confirmation of predicted peptides is a vital step in the functional characterization of neuropeptides, as in vivo peptides can be modified, cleaved, or even mispredicted. Using a nanoscale reversed phase liquid chromatography coupled to a Q Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometer, we detected 51 putative bioactive neuropeptides encoded by 19 precursors: adipokinetic hormone (AKH) I and II, allatostatin A and B, capability/pyrokinin (capa/PK), corazonin, calcitonin-like diuretic hormone (CT/DH), FMRFamide, hugin, leucokinin, myosuppressin, natalisin, neuropeptide-like precursor (NPLP) 1, orcokinin, pigment dispersing factor (PDF), RYamide, SIFamide, short neuropeptide F (sNPF) and tachykinin. In addition, propeptides, truncated and spacer peptides derived from seven additional precursors were found, and include the precursors of allatostatin C, crustacean cardioactive peptide, corticotropin releasing factor-like diuretic hormone (CRF/DH), ecdysis triggering hormone (ETH), ion transport peptide (ITP), neuropeptide F, and proctolin, respectively. The majority of the identified neuropeptides are present in the central nervous system, with only a limited number of peptides in the corpora cardiaca-corpora allata and midgut. Owing to the large number of identified peptides, this study can be used as a reference for comparative studies in other insects. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelle Caers
- Functional Genomics and Proteomics, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kurt Boonen
- Functional Genomics and Proteomics, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Van Den Abbeele
- Unit of Veterinary Protozoology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, 2000, Antwerp, Belgium
- Laboratory of Zoophysiology, Department of Physiology, University of Ghent, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Liesbeth Van Rompay
- Functional Genomics and Proteomics, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Liliane Schoofs
- Functional Genomics and Proteomics, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Matthias B Van Hiel
- Functional Genomics and Proteomics, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
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Kollmann M, Rupenthal AL, Neumann P, Huetteroth W, Schachtner J. Novel antennal lobe substructures revealed in the small hive beetle Aethina tumida. Cell Tissue Res 2015; 363:679-92. [PMID: 26496732 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-015-2282-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The small hive beetle, Aethina tumida, is an emerging pest of social bee colonies. A. tumida shows a specialized life style for which olfaction seems to play a crucial role. To better understand the olfactory system of the beetle, we used immunohistochemistry and 3-D reconstruction to analyze brain structures, especially the paired antennal lobes (AL), which represent the first integration centers for odor information in the insect brain. The basic neuroarchitecture of the A. tumida brain compares well to the typical beetle and insect brain. In comparison to other insects, the AL are relatively large in relationship to other brain areas, suggesting that olfaction is of major importance for the beetle. The AL of both sexes contain about 70 olfactory glomeruli with no obvious size differences of the glomeruli between sexes. Similar to all other insects including beetles, immunostaining with an antiserum against serotonin revealed a large cell that projects from one AL to the contralateral AL to densely innervate all glomeruli. Immunostaining with an antiserum against tachykinin-related peptides (TKRP) revealed hitherto unknown structures in the AL. Small TKRP-immunoreactive spherical substructures are in both sexes evenly distributed within all glomeruli. The source for these immunoreactive islets is very likely a group of about 80 local AL interneurons. We offer two hypotheses on the function of such structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Kollmann
- Department of Biology, Animal Physiology, Philipps-University Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Str. 8, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Anna Lena Rupenthal
- Department of Biology, Animal Physiology, Philipps-University Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Str. 8, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Peter Neumann
- Institute of Bee Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Wolf Huetteroth
- Department of Biology, Animal Physiology, Philipps-University Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Str. 8, 35032, Marburg, Germany.,Department of Biology, Neurobiology, University of Konstanz, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Joachim Schachtner
- Department of Biology, Animal Physiology, Philipps-University Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Str. 8, 35032, Marburg, Germany.
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Han B, Fang Y, Feng M, Hu H, Qi Y, Huo X, Meng L, Wu B, Li J. Quantitative Neuropeptidome Analysis Reveals Neuropeptides Are Correlated with Social Behavior Regulation of the Honeybee Workers. J Proteome Res 2015; 14:4382-93. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Han
- Institute of Apicultural
Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of
Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 1 Beigou
Xiangshan, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Yu Fang
- Institute of Apicultural
Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of
Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 1 Beigou
Xiangshan, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Mao Feng
- Institute of Apicultural
Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of
Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 1 Beigou
Xiangshan, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Han Hu
- Institute of Apicultural
Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of
Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 1 Beigou
Xiangshan, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Yuping Qi
- Institute of Apicultural
Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of
Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 1 Beigou
Xiangshan, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Xinmei Huo
- Institute of Apicultural
Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of
Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 1 Beigou
Xiangshan, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Lifeng Meng
- Institute of Apicultural
Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of
Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 1 Beigou
Xiangshan, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Bin Wu
- Institute of Apicultural
Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of
Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 1 Beigou
Xiangshan, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Jianke Li
- Institute of Apicultural
Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of
Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 1 Beigou
Xiangshan, Beijing 100093, China
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Ko KI, Root CM, Lindsay SA, Zaninovich OA, Shepherd AK, Wasserman SA, Kim SM, Wang JW. Starvation promotes concerted modulation of appetitive olfactory behavior via parallel neuromodulatory circuits. eLife 2015; 4:e08298. [PMID: 26208339 PMCID: PMC4531282 DOI: 10.7554/elife.08298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The internal state of an organism influences its perception of attractive or aversive stimuli and thus promotes adaptive behaviors that increase its likelihood of survival. The mechanisms underlying these perceptual shifts are critical to our understanding of how neural circuits support animal cognition and behavior. Starved flies exhibit enhanced sensitivity to attractive odors and reduced sensitivity to aversive odors. Here, we show that a functional remodeling of the olfactory map is mediated by two parallel neuromodulatory systems that act in opposing directions on olfactory attraction and aversion at the level of the first synapse. Short neuropeptide F sensitizes an antennal lobe glomerulus wired for attraction, while tachykinin (DTK) suppresses activity of a glomerulus wired for aversion. Thus we show parallel neuromodulatory systems functionally reconfigure early olfactory processing to optimize detection of nutrients at the risk of ignoring potentially toxic food resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang I Ko
- Neurobiology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Cory M Root
- Neurobiology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Scott A Lindsay
- Cell and Developmental Biology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Orel A Zaninovich
- Neurobiology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Andrew K Shepherd
- Neurobiology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Steven A Wasserman
- Cell and Developmental Biology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Susy M Kim
- Neurobiology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Jing W Wang
- Neurobiology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, United States
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37
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Kaiser M, Libersat F. The role of the cerebral ganglia in the venom-induced behavioral manipulation of cockroaches stung by the parasitoid jewel wasp. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 218:1022-7. [PMID: 25687435 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.116491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The jewel wasp stings cockroaches and injects venom into their cerebral ganglia, namely the subesophageal ganglion (SOG) and supraesophageal ganglion (SupOG). The venom induces a long-term hypokinetic state, during which the stung cockroach shows little or no spontaneous walking. It was shown that venom injection to the SOG reduces neuronal activity, thereby suggesting a similar effect of venom injection in the SupOG. Paradoxically, SupOG-ablated cockroaches show increased spontaneous walking in comparison with control. Yet most of the venom in the SupOG of cockroaches is primarily concentrated in and around the central complex (CX). Thus the venom could chiefly decrease activity in the CX to contribute to the hypokinetic state. Our first aim was to resolve this discrepancy by using a combination of behavioral and neuropharmacological tools. Our results show that the CX is necessary for the initiation of spontaneous walking, and that focal injection of procaine to the CX is sufficient to induce the decrease in spontaneous walking. Furthermore, it was shown that artificial venom injection to the SOG decreases walking. Hence our second aim was to test the interactions between the SupOG and SOG in the venom-induced behavioral manipulation. We show that, in the absence of the inhibitory control of the SupOG on walking initiation, injection of venom in the SOG alone by the wasp is sufficient to induce the hypokinetic state. To summarize, we show that venom injection to either the SOG or the CX of the SupOG is, by itself, sufficient to decrease walking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maayan Kaiser
- Department of Life Sciences and the Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Frederic Libersat
- Department of Life Sciences and the Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
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38
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He X, Zang J, Li X, Shao J, Yang H, Yang J, Huang H, Chen L, Shi L, Zhu C, Zhang G, Zhou N. Activation of BNGR-A24 by direct interaction with tachykinin-related peptides from the silkworm Bombyx mori leads to the Gq- and Gs-coupled signaling cascades. Biochemistry 2014; 53:6667-78. [PMID: 25275886 DOI: 10.1021/bi5007207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Tachykinins constitute one of the largest peptide families in the animal kingdom and exert their diverse actions via G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). In this study, the Bombyx tachykinin-related peptides (TKRPs) were identified as specific endogenous ligands for the Bombyx neuropeptide GPCR A24 (BNGR-A24) and thus designated BNGR-A24 as BmTKRPR. Using both mammalian cell line HEK293 and insect cell line Sf21, further characterization demonstrated that BmTKRPR was activated, thus resulting in intracellular accumulation of cAMP, Ca(2+) mobilization, and ERK1/2 phosphorylation in a Gs and Gq inhibitor-sensitive manner. Moreover, quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction analysis and dsRNA-mediated knockdown experiments suggested a possible role for BmTKRPR in the regulation of feeding and growth. Our findings enhance the understanding of the Bombyx TKRP system in the regulation of fundamental physiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobai He
- Institute of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University , Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
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39
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Control of lipid metabolism by tachykinin in Drosophila. Cell Rep 2014; 9:40-47. [PMID: 25263556 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2014.08.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Revised: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 08/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestine is a key organ for lipid uptake and distribution, and abnormal intestinal lipid metabolism is associated with obesity and hyperlipidemia. Although multiple regulatory gut hormones secreted from enteroendocrine cells (EEs) regulate systemic lipid homeostasis, such as appetite control and energy balance in adipose tissue, their respective roles regarding lipid metabolism in the intestine are not well understood. We demonstrate that tachykinins (TKs), one of the most abundant secreted peptides expressed in midgut EEs, regulate intestinal lipid production and subsequently control systemic lipid homeostasis in Drosophila and that TKs repress lipogenesis in enterocytes (ECs) associated with TKR99D receptor and protein kinase A (PKA) signaling. Interestingly, nutrient deprivation enhances the production of TKs in the midgut. Finally, unlike the physiological roles of TKs produced from the brain, gut-derived TKs do not affect behavior, thus demonstrating that gut TK hormones specifically regulate intestinal lipid metabolism without affecting neuronal functions.
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40
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Genetic dissection of sleep-metabolism interactions in the fruit fly. J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol 2014; 201:869-77. [PMID: 25236355 DOI: 10.1007/s00359-014-0936-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/16/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulation of sleep and metabolism has enormous health consequences. Sleep loss is linked to increased appetite and insulin insensitivity, and epidemiological studies link chronic sleep deprivation to obesity-related disorders including type II diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Interactions between sleep and metabolism involve the integration of signaling from brain regions regulating sleep, feeding, and metabolic function. Investigating the relationship between these processes provides a model to address more general questions of how the brain prioritizes homeostatically regulated behaviors. The availability of powerful genetic tools in the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, allows for precise manipulation of neural function in freely behaving animals. There is a strong conservation of genes and neural circuit principles regulating sleep and metabolic function, and genetic screens in fruit flies have been effective in identifying novel regulators of these processes. Here, we review recent findings in the fruit fly that further our understanding of how the brain modulates sleep in accordance with metabolic state.
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41
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Abstract
Food is critical for survival. Many animals, including the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, use sensorimotor systems to detect and locate preferred food sources. However, the signaling mechanisms underlying food-choice behaviors are poorly understood. Here, we characterize the molecular signaling that regulates recognition and preference between different food odors in C. elegans. We show that the major olfactory sensory neurons, AWB and AWC, play essential roles in this behavior. A canonical Gα-protein, together with guanylate cyclases and cGMP-gated channels, is needed for the recognition of food odors. The food-odor-evoked signal is transmitted via glutamatergic neurotransmission from AWC and through AMPA and kainate-like glutamate receptor subunits. In contrast, peptidergic signaling is required to generate preference between different food odors while being dispensable for the recognition of the odors. We show that this regulation is achieved by the neuropeptide NLP-9 produced in AWB, which acts with its putative receptor NPR-18, and by the neuropeptide NLP-1 produced in AWC. In addition, another set of sensory neurons inhibits food-odor preference. These mechanistic logics, together with a previously mapped neural circuit underlying food-odor preference, provide a functional network linking sensory response, transduction, and downstream receptors to process complex olfactory information and generate the appropriate behavioral decision essential for survival.
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42
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Binzer M, Heuer CM, Kollmann M, Kahnt J, Hauser F, Grimmelikhuijzen CJP, Schachtner J. Neuropeptidome of Tribolium castaneum antennal lobes and mushroom bodies. J Comp Neurol 2014; 522:337-57. [PMID: 23818034 DOI: 10.1002/cne.23399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2012] [Revised: 05/27/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Neuropeptides are a highly diverse group of signaling molecules that affect a broad range of biological processes in insects, including development, metabolism, behavior, and reproduction. In the central nervous system, neuropeptides are usually considered to act as neuromodulators and cotransmitters that modify the effect of "classical" transmitters at the synapse. The present study analyzes the neuropeptide repertoire of higher cerebral neuropils in the brain of the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum. We focus on two integrative neuropils of the olfactory pathway, the antennal lobes and the mushroom bodies. Using the technique of direct peptide profiling by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry, we demonstrate that these neuropils can be characterized by their specific neuropeptide expression profiles. Complementary immunohistological analyses of selected neuropeptides revealed neuropeptide distribution patterns within the antennal lobes and the mushroom bodies. Both approaches revealed consistent differences between the neuropils, underlining that direct peptide profiling by mass spectrometry is a fast and reliable method to identify neuropeptide content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlene Binzer
- Philipps-University Marburg, Department of Biology, Animal Physiology, 35043, Marburg, Germany
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43
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Asahina K, Watanabe K, Duistermars BJ, Hoopfer E, González CR, Eyjólfsdóttir EA, Perona P, Anderson DJ. Tachykinin-expressing neurons control male-specific aggressive arousal in Drosophila. Cell 2014; 156:221-35. [PMID: 24439378 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2013.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Revised: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Males of most species are more aggressive than females, but the neural mechanisms underlying this dimorphism are not clear. Here, we identify a neuron and a gene that control the higher level of aggression characteristic of Drosophila melanogaster males. Males, but not females, contain a small cluster of FruM(+) neurons that express the neuropeptide tachykinin (Tk). Activation and silencing of these neurons increased and decreased, respectively, intermale aggression without affecting male-female courtship behavior. Mutations in both Tk and a candidate receptor, Takr86C, suppressed the effect of neuronal activation, whereas overexpression of Tk potentiated it. Tk neuron activation overcame reduced aggressiveness caused by eliminating a variety of sensory or contextual cues, suggesting that it promotes aggressive arousal or motivation. Tachykinin/Substance P has been implicated in aggression in mammals, including humans. Thus, the higher aggressiveness of Drosophila males reflects the sexually dimorphic expression of a neuropeptide that controls agonistic behaviors across phylogeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Asahina
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; Division of Biology, 156-29, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Kiichi Watanabe
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; Division of Biology, 156-29, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Brian J Duistermars
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; Division of Biology, 156-29, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Eric Hoopfer
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; Division of Biology, 156-29, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; Janelia Farm Research Campus, HHMI, 19700 Helix Drive, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA
| | - Carlos Roberto González
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Eyrún Arna Eyjólfsdóttir
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Pietro Perona
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - David J Anderson
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; Division of Biology, 156-29, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
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44
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Jung JW, Kim JH, Pfeiffer R, Ahn YJ, Page TL, Kwon HW. Neuromodulation of olfactory sensitivity in the peripheral olfactory organs of the American cockroach, Periplaneta americana. PLoS One 2013; 8:e81361. [PMID: 24244739 PMCID: PMC3828268 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Olfactory sensitivity exhibits daily fluctuations. Several studies have suggested that the olfactory system in insects is modulated by both biogenic amines and neuropeptides. However, molecular and neural mechanisms underlying olfactory modulation in the periphery remain unclear since neuronal circuits regulating olfactory sensitivity have not been identified. Here, we investigated the structure and function of these signaling pathways in the peripheral olfactory system of the American cockroach, Periplaneta americana, utilizing in situ hybridization, qRT-PCR, and electrophysiological approaches. We showed that tachykinin was co-localized with the octopamine receptor in antennal neurons located near the antennal nerves. In addition, the tachykinin receptor was found to be expressed in most of the olfactory receptor neurons in antennae. Functionally, the effects of direct injection of tachykinin peptides, dsRNAs of tachykinin, tachykinin receptors, and octopamine receptors provided further support for the view that both octopamine and tachykinin modulate olfactory sensitivity. Taken together, these findings demonstrated that octopamine and tachykinin in antennal neurons are olfactory regulators in the periphery. We propose here the hypothesis that octopamine released from neurons in the brain regulates the release of tachykinin from the octopamine receptor neurons in antennae, which in turn modulates the olfactory sensitivity of olfactory receptor neurons, which house tachykinin receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Je Won Jung
- WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hee Kim
- WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Rita Pfeiffer
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Young-Joon Ahn
- WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Terry L. Page
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Hyung Wook Kwon
- WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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45
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Abstract
In the olfactory system of Drosophila melanogaster, it is relatively straightforward to target in vivo measurements of neural activity to specific processing channels. This, together with the numerical simplicity of the Drosophila olfactory system, has produced rapid gains in our understanding of Drosophila olfaction. This review summarizes the neurophysiology of the first two layers of this system: the peripheral olfactory receptor neurons and their postsynaptic targets in the antennal lobe. We now understand in some detail the cellular and synaptic mechanisms that shape odor representations in these neurons. Together, these mechanisms imply that interesting neural adaptations to environmental statistics have occurred. These mechanisms also place some fundamental constraints on early sensory processing that pose challenges for higher brain regions. These findings suggest some general principles with broad relevance to early sensory processing in other modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel I Wilson
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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46
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Kromann SH, Hansson BS, Ignell R. Distribution of neuropeptides in the antennal lobes of male Spodoptera littoralis. Cell Tissue Res 2013; 354:431-40. [PMID: 23955643 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-013-1703-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2012] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Olfaction is an important sensory modality that regulates a plethora of behavioural expressions in insects. Processing of olfactory information takes place in the primary olfactory centres of the brain, namely the antennal lobes (ALs). Neuropeptides have been shown to be present in the olfactory system of various insect species. In the present study, we analyse the distribution of tachykinin, FMRFamide-related peptides, allatotropin, allatostatin, myoinhibitory peptides and SIFamide in the AL of the male Egyptian cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis. Immunocytochemical analyses revealed that most neuropeptides were expressed in different subpopulations of AL neurons. Their arborisation patterns within the AL suggest a significant role of neuropeptide signalling in the modulation of AL processing. In addition to local interneurons, our analysis also revealed a diversity of extrinsic peptidergic neurons that connected the antennal lobe with other brain centres. Their distributions suggest that extrinsic neurons perform various types of context-related modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie H Kromann
- Department of Plant Protection Biology, Unit of Chemical Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 102, 230 53, Alnarp, Sweden,
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47
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van Houte S, Ros VID, van Oers MM. Walking with insects: molecular mechanisms behind parasitic manipulation of host behaviour. Mol Ecol 2013; 22:3458-75. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.12307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2011] [Revised: 02/27/2013] [Accepted: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stineke van Houte
- Laboratory of Virology; Wageningen University; Droevendaalsesteeg 1 6708 PB Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Vera I. D. Ros
- Laboratory of Virology; Wageningen University; Droevendaalsesteeg 1 6708 PB Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Monique M. van Oers
- Laboratory of Virology; Wageningen University; Droevendaalsesteeg 1 6708 PB Wageningen The Netherlands
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48
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Carlsson MA, Schäpers A, Nässel DR, Janz N. Organization of the olfactory system of nymphalidae butterflies. Chem Senses 2013; 38:355-67. [PMID: 23513054 DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjt008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Olfaction is in many species the most important sense, essential for food search, mate finding, and predator avoidance. Butterflies have been considered a microsmatic group of insects that mainly rely on vision due to their diurnal lifestyle. However, an emerging number of studies indicate that butterflies indeed use the sense of smell for locating food and oviposition sites. To unravel the neural substrates for olfaction, we performed an anatomical study of 2 related butterfly species that differ in food and host plant preference. We found many of the anatomical structures and pathways, as well as distribution of neuroactive substances, to resemble that of their nocturnal relatives among the Lepidoptera. The 2 species differed in the number of one type of olfactory sensilla, thus indicating a difference in sensitivity to certain compounds. Otherwise no differences could be observed. Our findings suggest that the olfactory system in Lepidoptera is well conserved despite the long evolutionary time since butterflies and moths diverged from a common ancestor.
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49
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Bohbot JD, Durand NF, Vinyard BT, Dickens JC. Functional Development of the Octenol Response in Aedes aegypti. Front Physiol 2013; 4:39. [PMID: 23471139 PMCID: PMC3590643 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2013.00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2012] [Accepted: 02/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Attraction of female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes to 1-octen-3-ol (octenol), CO2, lactic acid, or ammonia emitted by vertebrate hosts is not only contingent on the presence of odorants in the environment, but is also influenced by the insect's physiological state. For anautogenous mosquito species, like A. aegypti, newly emerged adult females neither respond to host odors nor engage in blood-feeding; the bases for these behaviors are poorly understood. Here we investigated detection of two components of an attractant blend emitted by vertebrate hosts, octenol, and CO2, by female A. aegypti mosquitoes using electrophysiological, behavioral, and molecular approaches. An increase in sensitivity of octenol olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) was correlated with an increase in odorant receptor gene (Or) expression and octenol-mediated attractive behavior from day 1 to day 6 post-emergence. While the sensitivity of octenol ORNs was maintained through day 10, behavioral responses to octenol decreased as did the ability of females to discriminate between octenol and octenol + CO2. Our results show differing age-related roles for the peripheral receptors for octenol and higher order neural processing in the behavior of female mosquitoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan D. Bohbot
- Invasive Insect Biocontrol and Behavior Laboratory, Henry A. Wallace Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Plant Sciences Institute, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research ServiceBeltsville, MD, USA
| | - Nicolas F. Durand
- Invasive Insect Biocontrol and Behavior Laboratory, Henry A. Wallace Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Plant Sciences Institute, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research ServiceBeltsville, MD, USA
| | - Bryan T. Vinyard
- Biometrical Counseling Service, Henry A. Wallace Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research ServiceBeltsville, MD, USA
| | - Joseph C. Dickens
- Invasive Insect Biocontrol and Behavior Laboratory, Henry A. Wallace Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Plant Sciences Institute, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research ServiceBeltsville, MD, USA
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Abstract
Neuropeptides modulate neural circuits controlling adaptive animal behaviors and physiological processes, such as feeding/metabolism, reproductive behaviors, circadian rhythms, central pattern generation, and sensorimotor integration. Invertebrate model systems have enabled detailed experimental analysis using combined genetic, behavioral, and physiological approaches. Here we review selected examples of neuropeptide modulation in crustaceans, mollusks, insects, and nematodes, with a particular emphasis on the genetic model organisms Drosophila melanogaster and Caenorhabditis elegans, where remarkable progress has been made. On the basis of this survey, we provide several integrating conceptual principles for understanding how neuropeptides modulate circuit function, and also propose that continued progress in this area requires increased emphasis on the development of richer, more sophisticated behavioral paradigms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul H. Taghert
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, MO
| | - Michael N. Nitabach
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneraton and Repair, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
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