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Zeng Q, Gong Y, Zhu N, Shi Y, Zhang C, Qin L. Lipids and lipid metabolism in cellular senescence: Emerging targets for age-related diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 97:102294. [PMID: 38583577 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a kind of cellular state triggered by endogenous or exogenous stimuli, which is mainly characterized by stable cell cycle arrest and complex senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Once senescent cells accumulate in tissues, they may eventually accelerate the progression of age-related diseases, such as atherosclerosis, osteoarthritis, chronic lung diseases, cancers, etc. Recent studies have shown that the disorders of lipid metabolism are not only related to age-related diseases, but also regulate the cellular senescence process. Based on existing research evidences, the changes in lipid metabolism in senescent cells are mainly concentrated in the metabolic processes of phospholipids, fatty acids and cholesterol. Obviously, the changes in lipid-metabolizing enzymes and proteins involved in these pathways play a critical role in senescence. However, the link between cellular senescence, changes in lipid metabolism and age-related disease remains to be elucidated. Herein, we summarize the lipid metabolism changes in senescent cells, especially the senescent cells that promote age-related diseases, as well as focusing on the role of lipid-related enzymes or proteins in senescence. Finally, we explore the prospect of lipids in cellular senescence and their potential as drug targets for preventing and delaying age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zeng
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regulation with Chinese Medicine and Its Application, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Yongzhen Gong
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regulation with Chinese Medicine and Its Application, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Neng Zhu
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410021, China
| | - Yaning Shi
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regulation with Chinese Medicine and Its Application, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China; Science and Technology Innovation Center, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Chanjuan Zhang
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regulation with Chinese Medicine and Its Application, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Li Qin
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regulation with Chinese Medicine and Its Application, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China; Institutional Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Translational Medicine in Hunan Province, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China.
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Iyoda T, Ohishi A, Wang Y, Yokoyama MS, Kazama M, Okita N, Inouye S, Nakagawa Y, Shimano H, Fukai F. Bioactive TNIIIA2 Sequence in Tenascin-C Is Responsible for Macrophage Foam Cell Transformation; Potential of FNIII14 Peptide Derived from Fibronectin in Suppression of Atherosclerotic Plaque Formation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1825. [PMID: 38339104 PMCID: PMC10855454 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
One of the extracellular matrix proteins, tenascin-C (TN-C), is known to be upregulated in age-related inflammatory diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Expression of this molecule is frequently detected, especially in the macrophage-rich areas of atherosclerotic lesions; however, the role of TN-C in mechanisms underlying the progression of atherosclerosis remains obscure. Previously, we found a hidden bioactive sequence termed TNIIIA2 in the TN-C molecule and reported that the exposure of this sequence would be carried out through limited digestion of TN-C by inflammatory proteases. Thus, we hypothesized that some pro-atherosclerotic phenotypes might be elicited from macrophages when they were stimulated by TNIIIA2. In this study, TNIIIA2 showed the ability to accelerate intracellular lipid accumulation in macrophages. In this experimental condition, an elevation of phagocytic activity was observed, accompanied by a decrease in the expression of transporters responsible for lipid efflux. All these observations were mediated through the induction of excessive β1-integrin activation, which is a characteristic property of the TNIIIA2 sequence. Finally, we demonstrated that the injection of a drug that targets TNIIIA2's bioactivity could rescue mice from atherosclerotic plaque expansion. From these observations, it was shown that TN-C works as a pro-atherosclerotic molecule through an internal TNIIIA2 sequence. The possible advantages of clinical strategies targeting TNIIIA2 are also indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Iyoda
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sanyo-Onoda City University, Sanyo-Onoda 756-0884, Yamaguchi, Japan
- Department of Molecular Patho-Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda 278-8510, Chiba, Japan
| | - Asayo Ohishi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yunong Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Miyabi-Shara Yokoyama
- Department of Molecular Patho-Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda 278-8510, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mika Kazama
- Department of Molecular Patho-Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda 278-8510, Chiba, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Okita
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sanyo-Onoda City University, Sanyo-Onoda 756-0884, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Sachiye Inouye
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sanyo-Onoda City University, Sanyo-Onoda 756-0884, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Nakagawa
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan
- Department of Complex Biosystem Research, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Toyama, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Shimano
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Fumio Fukai
- Department of Molecular Patho-Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda 278-8510, Chiba, Japan
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Huang Y, Zhang J, Zhao Q, Hu X, Zhao H, Wang S, Wang L, Jiang R, Wu W, Liu J, Yuan P, Gong S. Impact of reduced apolipoprotein A-I levels on pulmonary arterial hypertension. Hellenic J Cardiol 2023:S1109-9666(23)00195-1. [PMID: 37940001 DOI: 10.1016/j.hjc.2023.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The significance of apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) is the anti-inflammatory functional component of high-density lipoprotein, which needs to be further studied in relation to pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). This study aimed to identify the predictive value of ApoA-1 on the risk and prognosis of PAH, as well as the underlying anti-inflammatory mechanism. METHODS Proteomic analysis was conducted on lung tissue from 6 PAH patients and 4 lung donors. Prediction of risk and mortality risk factors associated with PAH in 343 patients used logistic analysis and Cox regression analysis, respectively. The protective function of ApoA-I was assessed in human pulmonary arterial endothelial cells (HPAEC), while its anti-inflammatory function was evaluated in THP-1 macrophages. RESULTS In the lung tissues of patients with PAH, 168 differentially expressed proteins were associated with lipid metabolism according to GO and KEGG enrichment analysis. A protein-protein interaction network identified ApoA-I as a key protein associated with PAH. Lower ApoA-I levels were independent risk factors for PAH and displayed a stronger predictive value for PAH mortality. Plasma interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels were positively correlated with risk stratification and was higher in PAH patients with lower ApoA-I levels. ApoA-I was downregulated in lung tissues of MCT-induced rats. ApoA-I could reduce IL-6-induced pro-proliferative and pro-migratory abilities of HPAEC and inhibit secretion of IL-6 from macrophages, which is compromised under hypoxic conditions. CONCLUSION Our study identified the significance of ApoA-I as a biomarker for predicting the survival outcome of PAH patients, which might relate to its altered anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxia Huang
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Ji Zhang
- Department of Lung Transplantation, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medical, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Qinhua Zhao
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Xiaoyi Hu
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200000, China; Institute of Bismuth Science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Shang Wang
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Lan Wang
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Rong Jiang
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Wenhui Wu
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Jinming Liu
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200000, China.
| | - Ping Yuan
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200000, China.
| | - Sugang Gong
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200000, China.
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Zhang J, Li C, Zhang Y, Wu J, Huang Z. Therapeutic potential of nitric oxide in vascular aging due to the promotion of angiogenesis. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 102:395-407. [PMID: 37062588 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
The decrease in angiogenesis that occurs with aging significantly contributes to the higher incidence and mortality of cardiovascular diseases among the elderly. This decline in angiogenesis becomes more pronounced with increasing age and is closely linked to abnormal function and senescence of endothelial cells. Enhancing angiogenesis in aging and targeting senescent endothelial cells have gained considerable attention. Nitric oxide (NO) has been thoroughly investigated for its function in regulating angiogenesis and is an important factor that can counteract endothelial cell senescence. This review summarizes the mechanisms of reduced angiogenesis during aging and therapeutic strategies targeting senescent cells. We also discuss the potential of combining the current approaches with NO in promoting angiogenesis in aging vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cunrui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yihua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianbing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhangjian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, China
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Dietrich E, Jomard A, Osto E. Crosstalk between high-density lipoproteins and endothelial cells in health and disease: Insights into sex-dependent modulation. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:989428. [PMID: 36304545 PMCID: PMC9594152 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.989428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. Intense research in vascular biology has advanced our knowledge of molecular mechanisms of its onset and progression until complications; however, several aspects of the patho-physiology of atherosclerosis remain to be further elucidated. Endothelial cell homeostasis is fundamental to prevent atherosclerosis as the appearance of endothelial cell dysfunction is considered the first pro-atherosclerotic vascular modification. Physiologically, high density lipoproteins (HDLs) exert protective actions for vessels and in particular for ECs. Indeed, HDLs promote endothelial-dependent vasorelaxation, contribute to the regulation of vascular lipid metabolism, and have immune-modulatory, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties. Sex- and gender-dependent differences are increasingly recognized as important, although not fully elucidated, factors in cardiovascular health and disease patho-physiology. In this review, we highlight the importance of sex hormones and sex-specific gene expression in the regulation of HDL and EC cross-talk and their contribution to cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Dietrich
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University of Zurich and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anne Jomard
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University of Zurich and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elena Osto
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University of Zurich and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Xiang Q, Tian F, Xu J, Du X, Zhang S, Liu L. New insight into dyslipidemia‐induced cellular senescence in atherosclerosis. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2022; 97:1844-1867. [PMID: 35569818 PMCID: PMC9541442 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, characterized by lipid‐rich plaques in the arterial wall, is an age‐related disorder and a leading cause of mortality worldwide. However, the specific mechanisms remain complex. Recently, emerging evidence has demonstrated that senescence of various types of cells, such as endothelial cells (ECs), vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), macrophages, endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), and adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs) contributes to atherosclerosis. Cellular senescence and atherosclerosis share various causative stimuli, in which dyslipidemia has attracted much attention. Dyslipidemia, mainly referred to elevated plasma levels of atherogenic lipids or lipoproteins, or functional impairment of anti‐atherogenic lipids or lipoproteins, plays a pivotal role both in cellular senescence and atherosclerosis. In this review, we summarize the current evidence for dyslipidemia‐induced cellular senescence during atherosclerosis, with a focus on low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) and its modifications, hydrolysate of triglyceride‐rich lipoproteins (TRLs), and high‐density lipoprotein (HDL), respectively. Furthermore, we describe the underlying mechanisms linking dyslipidemia‐induced cellular senescence and atherosclerosis. Finally, we discuss the senescence‐related therapeutic strategies for atherosclerosis, with special attention given to the anti‐atherosclerotic effects of promising geroprotectors as well as anti‐senescence effects of current lipid‐lowering drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qunyan Xiang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan 410011 PR China
- Institute of Aging and Age‐related Disease Research Central South University Changsha Hunan 410011 PR China
| | - Feng Tian
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou Henan 450000 PR China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan 410011 PR China
- Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis Central South University Changsha Hunan 410011 PR China
- Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province Changsha Hunan 410011 PR China
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province Changsha Hunan 410011 PR China
| | - Xiao Du
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan 410011 PR China
- Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis Central South University Changsha Hunan 410011 PR China
- Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province Changsha Hunan 410011 PR China
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province Changsha Hunan 410011 PR China
| | - Shilan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan 410011 PR China
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan 410011 PR China
- Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis Central South University Changsha Hunan 410011 PR China
- Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province Changsha Hunan 410011 PR China
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province Changsha Hunan 410011 PR China
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Akcan B, Örem A, Altinkaynak Y, Kural B, Örem C, Sönmez M, Serafini M. Endothelial Progenitor Cell Levels and Extent of Post-prandial Lipemic Response. Front Nutr 2022; 9:822131. [PMID: 35237643 PMCID: PMC8885282 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.822131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and ObjectiveDue to the frequency of meal ingestion, individuals spend the majority of the day, ~18 h, in a status of post-prandial (PP) stress. Remnant-like lipoprotein particles (RLPs) are predominant in PP phase playing an important role in the development of atherosclerosis. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have been suggested to play a role in vessel wall homeostasis and in reducing atherosclerosis. However, there is no information about peripheral blood EPCs number following PP stress. We investigated the association between circulating EPCs levels and extent of PP lipemia in healthy subjects following a high-fat meal.Materials and MethodsA total of 84 healthy subjects (42 men, 42 women) aged 17–55 years were included in the study. PP lipemic response of subjects was determined by Oral Fat-Loading Test (OFLT). All the subjects were classified on the basis of their plasma TG levels after PP lipemic stressors in categories 1 (low), 2 (moderate), and 3 (high). Circulating EPCs numbers were measured by the flow cytometry method.ResultsThere was a significant difference in terms of lipid parameters between men and women: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly lower in men than in women (p < 0.001). Total cholesterol (TC) (p = 0.004), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (p < 0.001), triglyceride (TG) (p < 0.001), and TG-AUC (p < 0.001) were significantly higher in men than in women. There was no significant difference between the genders in terms of CD34+KDR+ and CD34+KDR+CD133+cell number and MMP-9 levels. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels were significantly higher in men than women (p = 0.004). TC, LDL-C, and TG were significantly higher in the 3rd category than 1st and 2nd categories (p < 0.001) in women. Age, body mass index (BMI), fat rate, TG, TC, and LDL-C were significantly higher in the 3rd category than 1st category (p < 0.001, p = 0.002, p = 0.002, p = 0.01, p = 0.007, p = 0.004; respectively), in men. Circulating numbers of EPCs in men were significantly higher in the PP hyperlipidemia group than in the low TG levels category, independently from age (p < 0.05). Circulating EPC levels showed a positive correlation with OFLT response in men (r = 0.414, p < 0.05). Also, OFLT response showed a strong positive correlation with fasting TG levels (r = 0.930, p < 0.001). EPC levels in categories of women were not different.ConclusionIncreased EPCs levels in subjects with different PP hyperlipidemia may be associated with a response to endothelial injury, related to increased atherogenic remnant particles at the PP phase.
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Xie Y, Lou D, Zhang D. Melatonin Alleviates Age-Associated Endothelial Injury of Atherosclerosis via Regulating Telomere Function. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:6799-6812. [PMID: 34924765 PMCID: PMC8674670 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s329020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Atherosclerosis is an aging-related disease, partly attributed to telomerase dysfunction. This study aims to investigate whether telomere dysfunction-related vascular aging is involved in the protection mechanism of melatonin (MLT) in atherosclerosis. Methods Young and aged ApoE−/− mice were used to establish atherosclerotic mice model. H&E staining and immunofluorescence assay were performed to detect endothelial cell injury and apoptosis. Inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress-related factors were determined using corresponding commercial assay kits. Telomerase activity was detected by TRAP assay, and SA-β-gal staining was conducted to evaluate cellular senescence. HUVECs were treated with H2O2 for 1 h to induce senescence. Western blot was performed to measure protein expression. Results An obvious vascular endothelial injury, reflected by excessive production of inflammatory cytokines, elevated ROS, MDA and SOD levels, and more apoptotic endothelial cells, was found in atherosclerotic mice, especially in aged mice, which were then greatly suppressed by MLT. In addition, telomere dysfunction and senescence occurred in atherosclerosis, especially in aged mice, while MLT significantly alleviated the conditions. CYP1A1, one of the targeted genes of MLT, was verified to be upregulated in atherosclerotic mice but downregulated by MLT. Furthermore, H2O2 induced a senescence model in HUVECs, which was accompanied with a remarkably increased cell viability loss and apoptosis rate, and a downregulated telomerase activity of HUVECs, and this phenomenon was strengthened by RHPS4, an inhibitor of telomerase activity. However, MLT could partly abolish these changes in H2O2- and RHPS4-treated HUVECs, demonstrating that MLT alleviated vascular endothelial injury by regulating senescence and telomerase activity. Conclusions Collectively, this study provided evidence for the protective role of MLT in atherosclerosis through regulating telomere dysfunction-related vascular aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghua Xie
- Department of Geriatrics, Fuzhou NO.1 Hospital Affiliated with Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350009, People's Republic of China
| | - Danfei Lou
- Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, People's Republic of China
| | - Daimin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210006, People's Republic of China
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Liu J, Xu P, Liu D, Wang R, Cui S, Zhang Q, Li Y, Yang W, Zhang D. TCM Regulates PI3K/Akt Signal Pathway to Intervene Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2021; 2021:4854755. [PMID: 34956379 PMCID: PMC8702326 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4854755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial injury is the initial stage of atherosclerosis (AS). Stimulating and activating the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway can regulate the expression of vascular endothelial cytokines, thus affecting the occurrence and development of AS. In addition, the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway can regulate the polarization and survival of macrophages and the expression of inflammatory factors and platelet function, thus influencing the progression of AS. In recent years, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been widely recognized for its advantages of fewer side effects, multiple pathways, and multiple targets. Also, the research of TCM regulation of AS via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway has achieved certain results. This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and its role in the pathogenesis of AS, as well as the role of Chinese medicine in regulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. The findings are expected to provide a theoretical basis for the clinical treatment and pathological mechanism research of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Liu
- Faculty of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Pangao Xu
- First Clinical School of Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shandong, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Dekun Liu
- Faculty of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ruiqing Wang
- Faculty of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shengnan Cui
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qiuyan Zhang
- Pharmacy School, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shandong, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yunlun Li
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Precise Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Wenqing Yang
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Precise Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Zhu HY, Hong FF, Yang SL. The Roles of Nitric Oxide Synthase/Nitric Oxide Pathway in the Pathology of Vascular Dementia and Related Therapeutic Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094540. [PMID: 33926146 PMCID: PMC8123648 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular dementia (VaD) is the second most common form of dementia worldwide. It is caused by cerebrovascular disease, and patients often show severe impairments of advanced cognitive abilities. Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and nitric oxide (NO) play vital roles in the pathogenesis of VaD. The functions of NO are determined by its concentration and bioavailability, which are regulated by NOS activity. The activities of different NOS subtypes in the brain are partitioned. Pathologically, endothelial NOS is inactivated, which causes insufficient NO production and aggravates oxidative stress before inducing cerebrovascular endothelial dysfunction, while neuronal NOS is overactive and can produce excessive NO to cause neurotoxicity. Meanwhile, inflammation stimulates the massive expression of inducible NOS, which also produces excessive NO and then induces neuroinflammation. The vicious circle of these kinds of damage having impacts on each other finally leads to VaD. This review summarizes the roles of the NOS/NO pathway in the pathology of VaD and also proposes some potential therapeutic methods that target this pathway in the hope of inspiring novel ideas for VaD therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Yan Zhu
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Avenue, Nanchang 330006, China;
- Queen Marry College, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Avenue, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Fen-Fang Hong
- Teaching Center, Department of Experimental, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Avenue, Nanchang 330006, China
- Correspondence: (F.-F.H.); (S.-L.Y.)
| | - Shu-Long Yang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Avenue, Nanchang 330006, China;
- Correspondence: (F.-F.H.); (S.-L.Y.)
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Liang J, Ke X, Yang R, Wang X, Du Z, Hu C. Notch pathway activation mediated the senescence of endothelial progenitor cells in hypercholesterolemic mice. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2020; 52:431-440. [PMID: 32940860 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-020-09853-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia is an important factor in the induction of cardiovascular diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the vascular injury involved in hyperlipidemia remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the Notch pathway of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in reendothelialization after vascular injury and to explore the involvement of Notch pathway in the senescence of EPCs. Our results demonstrated that high-fat diet (HFD) treatment inhibited reendothelialization after vascular injury in the mice model. In vitro studies showed that 7-ketocholesterol (7-keto) stimulation induced senescence in the isolated EPCs from mice. In addition, 7-keto markedly upregulated the protein expression of Notch1 and Delta-like ligand 4 and induced the transport of notch intracellular domain (NICD) to the nucleus. Mechanistically, treatment with NICD inhibitor reduced the senescence of the EPCs stimulated by cholesterol. In summary, our results showed that HFD treatment caused the disruption of reendothelialization after vascular injury in the mouse model. In vitro studies indicated that 7-keto-induced senescence of EPCs was at least via the activation of the Notch1 pathway. Mechanistic data suggested that 7-keto may activate the Notch1 pathway by regulating the generation and transport of NICD to the nucleus. Future investigations are warranted to confirm the role of Notch1 in the dysfunction of EPCs during obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Liang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.,Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Ministry of Health, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xiao Ke
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen Sun Yat-sen Cardiovascular Hospital, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Rongfeng Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen Sun Yat-sen Cardiovascular Hospital, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.,Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Ministry of Health, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zhimin Du
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China. .,Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Ministry of Health, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Chengheng Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China. .,Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Ministry of Health, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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12
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Abstract
The prevalence of heart failure (HF), including reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), has increased significantly worldwide. However, the prognosis and treatment of HF are still not good. Recent studies have demonstrated that high-density lipoprotein (HDL) plays an important role in cardiac repair during HF. The exact role and mechanism of HDL in the regulation of HF remain unexplained. Here, we discuss recent findings regarding HDL in the progression of HF, such as the regulation of excitation-contraction coupling, energy homeostasis, inflammation, neurohormone activation, and microvascular dysfunction. The effects of HDL on the regulation of cardiac-related cells, such as endothelial cells (ECs), cardiomyocytes (CMs), and on cardiac resident immune cell dysfunction in HF are also explained. An in-depth understanding of HDL function in the heart may provide new strategies for the prevention and treatment of HF.
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13
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Ambasta RK, Kohli H, Kumar P. Multiple therapeutic effect of endothelial progenitor cell regulated by drugs in diabetes and diabetes related disorder. J Transl Med 2017; 15:185. [PMID: 28859673 PMCID: PMC5580204 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-017-1280-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reduced levels of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) counts have been reported in diabetic mellitus (DM) patients and other diabetes-related disorder. EPCs are a circulating, bone marrow-derived cell population that appears to participate in vasculogenesis, angiogenesis and damage repair. These EPC may revert the damage caused in diabetic condition. We aim to identify several existing drugs and signaling molecule, which could alleviate or improve the diabetes condition via mobilizing and increasing EPC number as well as function. MAIN BODY Accumulated evidence suggests that dysregulation of EPC phenotype and function may be attributed to several signaling molecules and cytokines in DM patients. Hyperglycemia alone, through the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) via eNOS and NOX, can induce changes in gene expression and cellular behavior in diabetes. Furthermore, reports suggest that EPC telomere shortening via increased oxidative DNA damage may play an important role in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease in diabetic patients. In this review, different type of EPC derived from different sources has been discussed along with cell-surface marker. The reduced number and immobilized EPC in diabetic condition have been mobilized for the therapeutic purpose via use of existing, and novel drugs have been discussed. Hence, evidence list of all types of drugs that have been reported to target the same pathway which affect EPC number and function in diabetes has been reviewed. Additionally, we highlight that proteins are critical in diabetes via polymorphism and inhibitor studies. Ultimately, a lucid pictorial explanation of diabetic and normal patient signaling pathways of the collected data have been presented in order to understand the complex signaling mystery underlying in the diseased and normal condition. CONCLUSION Finally, we conclude on eNOS-metformin-HSp90 signaling and its remedial effect for controlling the EPC to improve the diabetic condition for delaying diabetes-related complication. Altogether, the review gives a holistic overview about the elaborate therapeutic effect of EPC regulated by novel and existing drugs in diabetes and diabetes-related disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi K. Ambasta
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, DTU, Delhi, India
| | - Harleen Kohli
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, DTU, Delhi, India
| | - Pravir Kumar
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, DTU, Delhi, India
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14
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Incalza MA, D'Oria R, Natalicchio A, Perrini S, Laviola L, Giorgino F. Oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species in endothelial dysfunction associated with cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Vascul Pharmacol 2017; 100:1-19. [PMID: 28579545 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 717] [Impact Index Per Article: 102.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Revised: 05/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are reactive intermediates of molecular oxygen that act as important second messengers within the cells; however, an imbalance between generation of reactive ROS and antioxidant defense systems represents the primary cause of endothelial dysfunction, leading to vascular damage in both metabolic and atherosclerotic diseases. Endothelial activation is the first alteration observed, and is characterized by an abnormal pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic phenotype of the endothelial cells lining the lumen of blood vessels. This ultimately leads to reduced nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, impairment of the vascular tone and other endothelial phenotypic changes collectively termed endothelial dysfunction(s). This review will focus on the main mechanisms involved in the onset of endothelial dysfunction, with particular focus on inflammation and aberrant ROS production and on their relationship with classical and non-classical cardiovascular risk factors, such as hypertension, metabolic disorders, and aging. Furthermore, new mediators of vascular damage, such as microRNAs, will be discussed. Understanding mechanisms underlying the development of endothelial dysfunction is an important base of knowledge to prevent vascular damage in metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Angela Incalza
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Section on Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Rossella D'Oria
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Section on Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Annalisa Natalicchio
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Section on Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Sebastio Perrini
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Section on Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Luigi Laviola
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Section on Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Giorgino
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Section on Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.
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15
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Behjati M, Hashemi M, Kazemi M, Salehi M, Javanmard SH. Evaluation of Energy Balance on Human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase (hTERT) Alternative Splicing by Semi-quantitative RT-PCR in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells. Adv Biomed Res 2017; 6:43. [PMID: 28503498 PMCID: PMC5414409 DOI: 10.4103/2277-9175.204591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Decreased high-energy phosphate level is involved in endothelial cell injury and dysfunction. Reduced telomerase activity in endothelial cells in parallel with reduced energy levels might be due to altered direction of alternative splicing machine as a complication of depleted energy during the process of atherosclerosis. Materials and Methods: Isolated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated for 24 hours by oligomycine (OM) and 2-deoxy glucose (2-DG). After 24 hours, the effect of energy depletion on telomerase splicing pattern was evaluated using RT-PCR. Indeed, in both treated and untargeted cells, nitric oxide (NO) and von Willebrand factor (vWF) were measured. Results: ATP was depleted in treated cells by 43.9% compared with control group. We observed a slight decrease in NO levels (P = 0.09) and vWF (P = 0.395) in the setting of 49.36% ATP depletion. In both groups, no telomerase gene expression was seen. Telomerase and housekeeping gene expression were found in positive control group (colon cancer tissue) and sample tissue. Conclusions: The absence of telomerase gene expression in HUVECs might be due to the mortality of these cells or the low level of telomerase gene expression in these cells under normal circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohaddeseh Behjati
- Heart Failure Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hashemi
- Department of Cardiology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Kazemi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mansoor Salehi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Haghjooy Javanmard
- Applied Physiology Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Physiology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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16
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Salazar-Martinez E, Rodriguez-Valentin R, Albavera-Hernandez C, Carreon-Rodriguez A, Lazcano-Ponce E. Number of colony-forming unit-Hill colonies among children and teenagers with obesity, dyslipidemia and breastfeeding history. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2016; 26:534-540. [PMID: 27113291 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2016.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The number of colony-forming unit (CFU)-Hill colonies has been proposed as a biomarker of vascular function and cardiovascular risk in adults but information about its role in children is scarce. This study evaluates the associations between obesity, cardiovascular risk factors and breastfeeding history with the numbers of CFU-Hill colonies in a sample of young people. METHODS AND RESULTS We selected 49 children and teenagers between ages 10 and 17 (65.3% boys) from Mexican Health Care system. Physical activity and Anthropometric measures data were registered. CFU-Hill colonies were cultured from mononuclear cells obtained from venous blood. We detected inverse associations between the formation of CFU-Hill colonies and body mass index (BMI; β = -1.53; 95% confidence interval [CI], -1.92, -1.13), triglycerides (β = -0.26; 95%CI = -0.34, -0.18), total cholesterol (β = -0.13; 95%CI = -0.17, -0.08), Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) (β = -0.20; 95%CI = -0.31, -0.09) and glucose (β = -0.37; 95%CI = -0.55, -0.18) using multivariate models. Breastfeeding duration showed a 1.46-colony increase for each month of breastfeeding (95%CI = 0.73, 2.18). CONCLUSIONS CFU-Hill colony-forming capacity in children and teenagers was inversely associated with obesity, dyslipidemia and high blood levels of glucose. In contrast a longer breastfeeding duration was directly associated with an increased number of CFU-Hill colonies. However these results must be confirmed with further studies. Our findings support the importance of promoting breastfeeding and monitoring nutritional and metabolic status at an early age to prevent chronic disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - E Lazcano-Ponce
- National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
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17
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Park KH, Kim JY, Choi I, Kim JR, Won KC, Cho KH. Fructated apolipoprotein A-I exacerbates cellular senescence in human umbilical vein endothelial cells accompanied by impaired insulin secretion activity and embryo toxicity. Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 94:337-45. [PMID: 27487295 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2015-0165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycation of apolipoproteins is a major feature of the production of dysfunctional high-density lipoprotein (HDL), which is associated with the incidence of several metabolic diseases such as coronary artery disease and diabetes. In this report, fructated apoA-I (fA-I) induced by fructose treatment showed a covalently multimerized band without cross-linking, and lysine residues were irreversibly modified to prevent crosslinking. Using pancreatic β-cells, insulin secretion was impaired by fA-I in the lipid-free and reconstituted HDL (rHDL) states, by up to 35%, and 40%, respectively, under hyperglycemic conditions (25 mmol/L glucose). Treatment of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with fA-I and HDL from elderly patients caused a 1.8-fold and 1.5-fold increased cellular senescence, respectively, along with increased lysosomal enlargement. In the lipid-free and rHDL states, fA-I increased embryo death by 1.5-fold and 2.5-fold, respectively, along with the production of oxidized species. Furthermore, rHDL containing fA-I (fA-I-rHDL) showed a higher isoelectric point (pI, approximately 8.5), whereas rHDL containing nA-I (nA-I-rHDL) showed a narrow band range with lower pI (around 8.0) as well as a much smaller particle size than that of nA-I-rHDL. In conclusion, fructose-mediated apoA-I fructation resulted in the severe loss of several beneficial functions of apoA-I and HDL, including anti-senescence and insulin secretion activities, accompanied with increased susceptibility to protein degradation and structural modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Hoon Park
- a Dept. of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea.,b Research Institute of Protein Sensor, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea.,c BK21plus Program Serum Biomedical Research and Education Team, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Yong Kim
- a Dept. of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea.,b Research Institute of Protein Sensor, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea.,c BK21plus Program Serum Biomedical Research and Education Team, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Inho Choi
- a Dept. of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea.,b Research Institute of Protein Sensor, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea.,c BK21plus Program Serum Biomedical Research and Education Team, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Ryong Kim
- d Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yeungnam University, College of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Chang Won
- e Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hyun Cho
- a Dept. of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea.,b Research Institute of Protein Sensor, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea.,c BK21plus Program Serum Biomedical Research and Education Team, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
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18
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Chyu KY, Shah PK. HDL/ApoA-1 infusion and ApoA-1 gene therapy in atherosclerosis. Front Pharmacol 2015; 6:187. [PMID: 26388776 PMCID: PMC4555973 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The HDL hypothesis stating that simply raising HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) may produce cardiovascular benefits has been questioned recently based on several randomized clinical trials using CETP inhibitors or niacin to raise HDL-C levels. However, extensive pre-clinical data support the vascular protective effects of administration of exogenous ApoA-1 containing preβ-HDL like particles. Several small proof-of-concept clinical trials using such HDL/ApoA-1 infusion therapy have shown encouraging results but definitive proof of efficacy must await large scale clinical trials. In addition to HDL infusion therapy an alternative way to exploit beneficial cardiovascular effects of HDL/ApoA-1 is to use gene transfer. Preclinical studies have shown evidence of benefit using this approach; however clinical validation is yet lacking. This review summarizes our current knowledge of the aforementioned strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuang-Yuh Chyu
- Division of Cardiology, Oppenheimer Atherosclerosis Research Center, Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Prediman K Shah
- Division of Cardiology, Oppenheimer Atherosclerosis Research Center, Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles, CA, USA
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19
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Tabet F, Vickers KC, Cuesta Torres LF, Wiese CB, Shoucri BM, Lambert G, Catherinet C, Prado-Lourenco L, Levin MG, Thacker S, Sethupathy P, Barter PJ, Remaley AT, Rye KA. HDL-transferred microRNA-223 regulates ICAM-1 expression in endothelial cells. Nat Commun 2014; 5:3292. [PMID: 24576947 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 305] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
High-density lipoproteins (HDL) have many biological functions, including reducing endothelial activation and adhesion molecule expression. We recently reported that HDL transport and deliver functional microRNAs (miRNA). Here we show that HDL suppresses expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) through the transfer of miR-223 to endothelial cells. After incubation of endothelial cells with HDL, mature miR-223 levels are significantly increased in endothelial cells and decreased on HDL. However, miR-223 is not transcribed in endothelial cells and is not increased in cells treated with HDL from miR-223(-/-) mice. HDL inhibit ICAM-1 protein levels, but not in cells pretreated with miR-223 inhibitors. ICAM-1 is a direct target of HDL-transferred miR-223 and this is the first example of an extracellular miRNA regulating gene expression in cells where it is not transcribed. Collectively, we demonstrate that HDL's anti-inflammatory properties are conferred, in part, through HDL-miR-223 delivery and translational repression of ICAM-1 in endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatiha Tabet
- 1] Centre for Vascular Research, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia [2] Lipid Research Group, The Heart Research Institute, New South Wales 2042, Australia [3] Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney New South Wales 2006, Australia [4]
| | - Kasey C Vickers
- 1] National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-9692, USA [2] Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA [3]
| | - Luisa F Cuesta Torres
- 1] Centre for Vascular Research, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia [2] Lipid Research Group, The Heart Research Institute, New South Wales 2042, Australia
| | - Carrie B Wiese
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
| | - Bassem M Shoucri
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-9692, USA
| | - Gilles Lambert
- Université de Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Laboratoire Inserm U957, Nantes, France
| | - Claire Catherinet
- Lipid Research Group, The Heart Research Institute, New South Wales 2042, Australia
| | - Leonel Prado-Lourenco
- Centre for Vascular Research, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Michael G Levin
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-9692, USA
| | - Seth Thacker
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-9692, USA
| | - Praveen Sethupathy
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7264, USA
| | - Philip J Barter
- 1] Centre for Vascular Research, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia [2] Lipid Research Group, The Heart Research Institute, New South Wales 2042, Australia [3] Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Alan T Remaley
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-9692, USA
| | - Kerry-Anne Rye
- 1] Centre for Vascular Research, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia [2] Lipid Research Group, The Heart Research Institute, New South Wales 2042, Australia [3] Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney New South Wales 2006, Australia
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20
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Apolipoprotein A-I mimetic peptide reverse D-4F improves the biological functions of mouse bone marrow-derived late EPCs via PI3K/AKT/eNOS pathway. Mol Cell Biochem 2013; 377:229-36. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-013-1592-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2012] [Accepted: 02/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting medium and large arteries resulting from a complex interaction between genetic and environmental risk factors that include dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and smoking. The most serious manifestations of atherosclerotic vascular disease, such as unstable angina, myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and sudden death, largely result from thrombosis superimposed on a disrupted (ruptured or eroded) atherosclerotic plaque. Adoption and maintenance of a healthy lifestyle coupled with management of modifiable risk factors significantly reduce the adverse clinical consequences of athero-thrombosis. Reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels using statins and other agents serves as the primary pharmacologic approach to stabilize atherosclerotic vascular disease. However, a large residual risk remains, prompting the search for additional therapies for atherosclerosis management, such as raising atheroprotective high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and/or improving HDL function. This review focuses on new and emerging HDL-based therapeutic strategies targeting atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuang-Yuh Chyu
- Division of Cardiology and Oppenheimer Atherosclerosis Research Center, Cedars Sinai Heart Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Suite 5531, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
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22
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Age-related changes in endothelial function and blood flow regulation. Pharmacol Ther 2012; 133:159-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2011.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2011] [Accepted: 10/14/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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24
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Mimeault M, Batra SK. Great promise of tissue-resident adult stem/progenitor cells in transplantation and cancer therapies. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2012; 741:171-86. [PMID: 22457110 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-2098-9_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Recent progress in tissue-resident adult stem/progenitor cell research has inspired great interest because these immature cells from your own body can act as potential, easily accessible cell sources for cell transplantation in regenerative medicine and cancer therapies. The use of adult stem/progenitor cells endowed with a high self-renewal ability and multilineage differentiation potential, which are able to regenerate all the mature cells in the tissues from their origin, offers great promise in replacing non-functioning or lost cells and regenerating diseased and damaged tissues. The presence of a small subpopulation of adult stem/progenitor cells in most tissues and organs provides the possibility of stimulating their in vivo differentiation, or of using their ex vivo expanded progenies for cell-replacement and gene therapies with multiple applications in humans without a high-risk of graft rejection and major side effects. Among the diseases that could be treated by adult stem cell-based therapies are hematopoietic and immune disorders, multiple degenerative disorders such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases, Types 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus as well as skin, eye, liver, lung, tooth and cardiovascular disorders. In addition, a combination of the current cancer treatments with an adjuvant treatment consisting of an autologous or allogeneic adult stem/progenitor cell transplantation also represents a promising strategy for treating and even curing diverse aggressive, metastatic, recurrent and lethal cancers. In this chapter, we reviewed the most recent advancements on the characterization of phenotypic and functional properties of adult stem/progenitor cell types found in bone marrow, heart, brain and other tissues and discussed their therapeutic implications in the stem cell-based transplantation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murielle Mimeault
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
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25
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Guo X, Yu M, Kang X, Yin H. mTOR Complex 2 Activation by Reconstituted High-Density Lipoprotein Prevents Senescence in Circulating Angiogenic Cells. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2011; 31:1421-9. [PMID: 21415389 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.111.224089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective—
Circulating angiogenic cells (CACs) participate in neovascularization and arterial repair. Although high-density lipoprotein (HDL) is known to enhance the functional activity of CACs, the mechanisms underlying this regulation are poorly understood. Here, we examined the mechanism(s) by which reconstituted HDL (rHDL) affects CAC senescence.
Methods and Results—
CACs isolated from human peripheral blood and treated with rHDL displayed reduced senescence, as measured by acidic β-galactosidase staining. This protective effect was blocked by the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor (rapamycin). According to Western blot analysis and immunoprecipitation results, rHDL promoted mTOR phosphorylation, mTOR-rictor complex formation, and mTOR-rictor–dependent Akt activation, which were accompanied by increased nuclear translocation of human telomerase reverse transcriptase and enhanced nuclear telomerase activity. Suppression of rictor gene expression with a small interfering RNA blocked mTOR-rictor complex formation and Akt activation. The suppression also abolished the rHDL-induced inhibition of CAC senescence and promotion of nuclear telomerase activity. Treatment of aged mice with rHDL attenuated spleen-derived CAC senescence. In CACs isolated from rHDL-treated aged mice, the phosphorylated mTOR and Akt levels were significantly enhanced.
Conclusion—
rHDL stimulates sustained mTOR phosphorylation and mTOR-rictor complex formation and inhibits senescence onset in CACs through mTOR complex 2 pathway activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianrong Guo
- From the Department of Pathology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China (X.G., X.K., H.Y.); Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China (M.Y.)
| | - Miao Yu
- From the Department of Pathology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China (X.G., X.K., H.Y.); Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China (M.Y.)
| | - Xiaomin Kang
- From the Department of Pathology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China (X.G., X.K., H.Y.); Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China (M.Y.)
| | - Hongchao Yin
- From the Department of Pathology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China (X.G., X.K., H.Y.); Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China (M.Y.)
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Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic immunoinflammatory disease involving medium and large arteries, resulting from a complex interaction between genetic and environmental risk factors. Acute atherosclerotic vascular disease largely results from thrombosis that supervenes on a disrupted atherosclerotic plaque. A healthy lifestyle coupled with management of modifiable risk factors reduces the adverse clinical consequences of atherothrombosis. Reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels using statins and other agents is the primary pharmacologic approach to stabilize atherosclerosis, but a large residual risk burden remains, stimulating the search for additional therapies for atherosclerosis management. This review focuses on new and emerging therapeutic strategies targeting atherosclerosis.
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Fadini GP, Agostini C, Boscaro E, Avogaro A. Mechanisms and significance of progenitor cell reduction in the metabolic syndrome. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2010; 7:5-10. [PMID: 19183074 DOI: 10.1089/met.2008.0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived progenitor cells are involved in the homeostasis of the cardiovascular system through differentiation into endothelium, smooth muscle, and cardiomyocytes. Alterations of these extremely plastic cells have been recognized as both markers of cardiovascular risk and pathophysiological links between risk factors and development of atherosclerosis. Metabolic syndrome, as a cluster of well-defined cardiovascular risk factors, represents a strong predictor of cardiovascular events and death. Moreover, components of the syndrome interact with one another and synergistically increase this risk. Here we describe all metabolic syndrome components as being characterized by alterations in circulating progenitor cells, especially endothelial cells. We also highlight how endothelial progenitors may mediate the interactions between cardiometabolic risk factors in a complex interplay and discuss potential implications for prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gian Paolo Fadini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Padova, Medical School, Padova, Italy.
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28
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Herrera MD, Mingorance C, Rodríguez-Rodríguez R, Alvarez de Sotomayor M. Endothelial dysfunction and aging: an update. Ageing Res Rev 2010; 9:142-52. [PMID: 19619671 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2009.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2009] [Revised: 07/09/2009] [Accepted: 07/10/2009] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Aging is an important risk factor for the development of many cardiovascular diseases as atherosclerosis and hypertension with a common underlying circumstance: the progressive decline of endothelial function. Vascular endothelial dysfunction occurs during the human aging process and is accompanied by deterioration in the balance between vasodilator and vasoconstriction substances produced by the endothelium. This imbalance is mainly characterized by a progressive reduction of the bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO) and an increase in the production of cyclooxygenase (COX)-derived vasoconstrictor factors. Both circumstances are in turn related to an increased production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. The aim of this review is to describe the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the endothelial function declination that accompanies the multifactorial aging process, including alterations related to oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines, senescence of endothelial cells and genetic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Dolores Herrera
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, C/Profesor García González 2, 41012 Seville, Spain.
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29
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Tobler K, Freudenthaler A, Baumgartner-Parzer SM, Wolzt M, Ludvik B, Nansalmaa E, Nowotny PJ, Seidinger D, Steiner S, Luger A, Artwohl M. Reduction of both number and proliferative activity of human endothelial progenitor cells in obesity. Int J Obes (Lond) 2010; 34:687-700. [PMID: 20065973 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2009.280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), responsible for neoangiogenesis and vascular repair, negatively correlate with vascular dysfunction and atherosclerotic risk factors. Because obesity may have a crucial role in the development of endothelial dysfunction, this study evaluated the number and proliferative activity of circulating human EPCs in obese (body mass index (BMI)=48+/-9, n=45) compared with lean (23+/-2, n=45) volunteers. METHODS EPCs were quantified after isolation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) using fluorescence-activated cell sorting analyses. In addition, plated PBMCs developed colony-forming units (CFUs) from which 'outgrowth' endothelial cells (OECs) sprouted and differentiated into mature endothelial cells. Growth rates were monitored by periodical microscopic evaluation. Cell-cycle protein expression was determined by western blot analyses. RESULTS BMI negatively correlated (P<0.01) with the number of CD34(+)/CD133(+)/KDR(+) (r=-0.442), CD34(+)/KDR(+) (r=-0.500) and CD133(+)/KDR(+) (r=-0.282) EPCs. Insulin, leptin, HbA(1c), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and hypertension, as well as diminished high-density lipoprotein and apolipoprotein A1, were not only associated with obesity but also with significantly reduced EPC levels. Applying selective culture conditions, EPC-CFUs differentiated into OECs that proliferated more slowly when derived from obese compared with lean subjects (obese: 19.9+/-2.2% vs lean: 30.9+/-3.2% grown area per week, P<0.01). The reduced proliferation was reflected by decreased (P<0.05, n=24 for each group) expression of cell-cycle-promoting cyclins and E2F-1, by hypophosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein and by increased (P<0.05, n=24 for each group) expression of the cell-cycle inhibitor p21(WAF-1/Cip1). CONCLUSIONS Reduced numbers of EPCs along with their premature senescence, as shown in this study, could function as early contributors to the development and progression of vascular dysfunction in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Tobler
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Clinical Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Park KH, Jang W, Kim KY, Kim JR, Cho KH. Fructated apolipoprotein A-I showed severe structural modification and loss of beneficial functions in lipid-free and lipid-bound state with acceleration of atherosclerosis and senescence. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2010; 392:295-300. [PMID: 20059975 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.12.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2009] [Accepted: 12/31/2009] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Non-enzymatic glycation of serum apolipoproteins is a main feature of diabetes mellitus under hyperglycemia. Advanced glycation end products are implicated in the development of aging and metabolic syndrome, including premature atherosclerosis in diabetic subjects. ApoA-I is the principal protein constituent of HDL. In this study, glycated human apoA-I (gA-I) by fructation was characterized on functional and structural correlations in lipid-free and lipid-bound states. The gA-I showed more spontaneous multimeric band formation up to pentamer and exhibited slower elution profile with more degraded fragments from fast protein liquid chromatography. The gA-I showed modified secondary structure from fluorescence and circular dichroism analysis. Reconstituted high-density lipoprotein (rHDL) containing the gA-I had less content of phospholipid with a much smaller particle size than those of rHDL-containing nA-I (nA-I-rHDL). The rHDL containing gA-I (gA-I-rHDL) consisted of less molecular number of apoA-I than nA-I-rHDL with decreased alpha-helical content. Treatment of the gA-I-rHDL induced more atherogenic process in macrophage cell and premature senescence in human dermal fibroblast cell. Conclusively, fructose-mediated apoA-I glycation resulted in severe loss of several beneficial functions of apoA-I and HDL regarding anti-senescence and anti-atherosclerosis activities due to a lack of anti-oxidant activity with increased susceptibility of protein degradation and structural modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Hoon Park
- Aging-associated Vascular Disease Research Center, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, Republic of Korea
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Zhu G, Song M, Wang H, Zhao G, Yu Z, Yin Y, Zhao X, Huang L. Young environment reverses the declined activity of aged rat-derived endothelial progenitor cells: involvement of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt signaling pathway. Ann Vasc Surg 2009; 23:519-34. [PMID: 19540437 DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2008.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2008] [Revised: 11/25/2008] [Accepted: 11/26/2008] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although age-related impairment of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) has been documented in recent studies, the detailed role of aging-induced environment in EPCs remains unclear. METHODS Two and 20 months old Sprague-Dawley female rats were used in the present study. EPCs isolated from young (YEPCs) and aged (AEPCs) rats were cultured with young or aged serum. EPC migration and proliferation were detected with a modified Boyden chamber and the MTT assay, respectively; EPC differentiation was detected by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction or fluorescence-activated cell sorting; Akt and phosphorylated-Akt protein expression was detected with Western blotting. EPC transplantation was performed in the rat carotid artery injury models. RESULTS Young serum significantly promotes AEPC migration, proliferation, and differentiation and increases phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity in AEPCs compared with aged serum; total-Akt and phosphorylated-Akt protein expressions in AEPCs are also significantly upregulated by young serum. Transplanted AEPC numbers at vascular injury sites in the young rat carotid artery injury model significantly increased compared with those in aged models. Those effects could be reasonably attenuated by the PI3-K-specific blocker wortmannin. CONCLUSION A young environment partly restores the declined AEPC activity and promotes AEPC homing to vascular injury sites; activation of the PI3-K/Akt signaling pathway is at least partly responsible for this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangxu Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kunming General Hospital, Chengdu Military Area of PLA, Kunming, Yunnan Province, PR China.
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Recent insights into the molecular mechanisms involved in aging and the malignant transformation of adult stem/progenitor cells and their therapeutic implications. Ageing Res Rev 2009; 8:94-112. [PMID: 19114129 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2008.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2008] [Accepted: 12/04/2008] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent advancements in tissue-resident adult stem/progenitor cell research have revealed that enhanced telomere attrition, oxidative stress, ultraviolet radiation exposure and oncogenic events leading to severe DNA damages and genomic instability may occur in these immature and regenerative cells during chronological aging. Particularly, the alterations in key signaling components controlling their self-renewal capacity and an up-regulation of tumor suppressor gene products such as p16(INK4A), p19(ARF), ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase, p53 and/or the forkhead box O (FOXOs) family of transcription factors may result in their dysfunctions, growth arrest and senescence or apoptotic death during the aging process. These molecular events may culminate in a progressive decline in the regenerative functions and the number of tissue-resident adult stem/progenitor cells, and age-related disease development. Conversely, the telomerase re-activation and accumulation of numerous genetic and/or epigenetic alterations in adult stem/progenitor cells with advancing age may result in their immortalization and malignant transformation into highly leukemic or tumorigenic cancer-initiating cells and cancer initiation. Therefore, the cell-replacement and gene therapies and molecular targeting of aged and dysfunctional adult stem/progenitor cells including their malignant counterpart, cancer-initiating cells, hold great promise for treating and even curing diverse devastating human diseases. These diseases include premature aging diseases, hematopoietic, cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, pulmonary, ocular, urogenital, neurodegenerative and skin disorders and aggressive and recurrent cancers.
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Mecanismos implicados en la disfunción endotelial asociada al envejecimiento. Med Clin (Barc) 2009; 132:62-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medcli.2008.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2008] [Accepted: 09/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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