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Schneider-Matyka D, Cybulska AM, Szkup M, Pilarczyk B, Panczyk M, Lubkowska A, Sadowska N, Grochans E. Selenium as a Factor Moderating Depression and Obesity in Middle-Aged Women. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071594. [PMID: 37049434 PMCID: PMC10096999 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of serum selenium on PPAR-γ and the selected proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) in relation to depressive symptoms and obesity in middle-aged women. The research procedure was as follows: a survey was performed using the authors’ questionnaire and the BDI, anthropometric measurements, and the analysis of blood for the levels of selenium, cytokines, and genetic analysis of the PPAR-γ polymorphism (n = 443). It was found that the BMI increased along with the concentration of IL-6. No moderating effect of selenium was observed, although the cut-off values for “p” were established for IL-β*Se (p = 0.068) and IL-6*Se (p = 0.068), so there was a potential association with these two markers. At high selenium levels, the effect of higher IL-β levels on a decrease in BMI was stronger, as was the effect of an increase in IL-6 levels on an increase in BMI. No effect of selenium on PPAR-γ was found in relation to depressive symptoms and obesity. Higher selenium levels may have a beneficial effect on BMI even at high IL-β concentrations, however, at high IL-6 concentrations, this effect was not observed. Selenium levels had no impact on depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Schneider-Matyka
- Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska Str. 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-914-800-910
| | - Anna Maria Cybulska
- Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska Str. 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Szkup
- Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska Str. 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Bogumiła Pilarczyk
- Department of Animal Reproduction Biotechnology and Environmental Hygiene, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Klemensa Janickiego Str. 29, 71-217 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Mariusz Panczyk
- Department of Education and Research in Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, Litewska Str. 14/16, 00-581 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Lubkowska
- Department of Functional Diagnostics and Physical Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska Str. 54, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Nikola Sadowska
- Department of Animal Reproduction Biotechnology and Environmental Hygiene, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Klemensa Janickiego Str. 29, 71-217 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Grochans
- Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska Str. 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
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Guevara Agudelo FA, Leblanc N, Bourdeau-Julien I, St-Arnaud G, Lacroix S, Martin C, Flamand N, Veilleux A, Di Marzo V, Raymond F. Impact of selenium on the intestinal microbiome-eCBome axis in the context of diet-related metabolic health in mice. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1028412. [PMID: 36439185 PMCID: PMC9692131 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1028412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Dietary micronutrients act at the intestinal level, thereby influencing microbial communities, the host endocannabinoidome, and immune and anti-oxidative response. Selenium (Se) is a trace element with several health benefits. Indeed, Se plays an important role in the regulation of enzymes with antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity as well as indicators of the level of oxidative stress, which, together with chronic low-grade inflammation, is associated to obesity. To understand how Se variations affect diet-related metabolic health, we fed female and male mice for 28 days with Se-depleted or Se-enriched diets combined with low- and high-fat/sucrose diets. We quantified the plasma and intestinal endocannabinoidome, profiled the gut microbiota, and measured intestinal gene expression related to the immune and the antioxidant responses in the intestinal microenvironment. Overall, we show that intestinal segment-specific microbiota alterations occur following high-fat or low-fat diets enriched or depleted in Se, concomitantly with modifications of circulating endocannabinoidome mediators and changes in cytokine and antioxidant enzyme expression. Specifically, Se enrichment was associated with increased circulating plasma levels of 2-docosahexaenoyl-glycerol (2-DHG), a mediator with putative beneficial actions on metabolism and inflammation. Others eCBome mediators also responded to the diets. Concomitantly, changes in gut microbiota were observed in Se-enriched diets following a high-fat diet, including an increase in the relative abundance of Peptostreptococcaceae and Lactobacillaceae. With respect to the intestinal immune response and anti-oxidative gene expression, we observed a decrease in the expression of proinflammatory genes Il1β and Tnfα in high-fat Se-enriched diets in caecum, while in ileum an increase in the expression levels of the antioxidant gene Gpx4 was observed following Se depletion. The sex of the animal influenced the response to the diet of both the gut microbiota and endocannabinoid mediators. These results identify Se as a regulator of the gut microbiome and endocannabinoidome in conjunction with high-fat diet, and might be relevant to the development of new nutritional strategies to improve metabolic health and chronic low-grade inflammation associated to metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredy Alexander Guevara Agudelo
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), and Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome – Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health (CERC-MEND), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Nadine Leblanc
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), and Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome – Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health (CERC-MEND), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Isabelle Bourdeau-Julien
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), and Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome – Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health (CERC-MEND), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Gabrielle St-Arnaud
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), and Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome – Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health (CERC-MEND), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Sébastien Lacroix
- Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome – Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health (CERC-MEND), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Cyril Martin
- Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome – Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health (CERC-MEND), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Quebec, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Nicolas Flamand
- Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome – Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health (CERC-MEND), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Quebec, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Alain Veilleux
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), and Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome – Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health (CERC-MEND), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Vincenzo Di Marzo
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), and Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome – Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health (CERC-MEND), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Quebec, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Frédéric Raymond
- Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), and Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome – Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health (CERC-MEND), Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
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Ojeda ML, Nogales F, Carreras O, Pajuelo E, Gallego-López MDC, Romero-Herrera I, Begines B, Moreno-Fernández J, Díaz-Castro J, Alcudia A. Different Effects of Low Selenite and Selenium-Nanoparticle Supplementation on Adipose Tissue Function and Insulin Secretion in Adolescent Male Rats. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14173571. [PMID: 36079831 PMCID: PMC9459699 DOI: 10.3390/nu14173571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Adolescence is a period of intense growth and endocrine changes, and obesity and insulin-resistance processes during this period have lately been rising. Selenium (Se) homeostasis is related to lipid metabolism depending on the form and dose of Se. This study tests the actions of low-dose selenite and Se nanoparticles (SeNPs) on white (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT) deposition, insulin secretion, and GPx1, IRS-1 and FOXO3a expression in the WAT of adolescent rats as regards oxidative stress, adipocyte length and adipokine secretion. Four groups of male adolescent rats were treated: control (C), low selenite supplementation (S), low SeNP supplementation (NS) and moderate SeNP supplementation (NSS). Supplementation was received orally through water intake; NS and NSS rats received two- and tenfold more Se than C animals, respectively. SeNPs were obtained by reducing Se tetrachloride in the presence of ascorbic acid. For the first time in vivo, it was demonstrated that low selenite supplementation contributed to increased adipogenesis via the insulin signaling pathway and LCN2 modulation, while low SeNP administration prevented fat depots in WAT via the decrease in insulin signaling and FOXO3a autophagy in WAT, lowering inflammation. These effects were independent of GPx1 expression or activity in WAT. These findings provide data for dietary approaches to prevent obesity and/or anorexia during adolescence. These findings may be relevant to future studies looking at a nutritional approach aimed at pre-venting obesity and/or anorexia in adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Luisa Ojeda
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Fátima Nogales
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-954556518
| | - Olimpia Carreras
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Eloísa Pajuelo
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | | | - Inés Romero-Herrera
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Belén Begines
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Jorge Moreno-Fernández
- Department of Physiology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix Verdú”, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Javier Díaz-Castro
- Department of Physiology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix Verdú”, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Ana Alcudia
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
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Liu G, Li J, Pang B, Li Y, Xu F, Liao N, Shao D, Jiang C, Shi J. Potential role of selenium in alleviating obesity-related iron dyshomeostasis. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:10032-10046. [PMID: 35574661 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2074961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a serious health problem in modern life and increases the risk of many comorbidities including iron dyshomeostasis. In contrast to malnourished anemia, obesity-related iron dyshomeostasis is mainly caused by excessive fat accumulation, inflammation, and disordered gut microbiota. In obesity, iron dyshomeostasis also induces disorders associated with gut microbiota, neurodegenerative injury, oxidative damage, and fat accumulation in the liver. Selenium deficiency is often accompanied by obesity or iron deficiency, and selenium supplementation has been shown to alleviate obesity and overcome iron deficiency. Selenium inhibits fat accumulation and exhibits anti-inflammatory activity. It regulates gut microbiota, prevents neurodegenerative injury, alleviates oxidative damage to the body, and ameliorates hepatic fat accumulation. These effects theoretically meet the requirements for the inhibition of factors underlying obesity-related iron dyshomeostasis. Selenium supplementation may have a potential role in the alleviation of obesity-related iron dyshomeostasis. This review verifies this hypothesis in theory. All the currently reported causes and results of obesity-related iron dyshomeostasis are reviewed comprehensively, together with the effects of selenium. The challenges and strategies of selenium supplementation are also discussed. The findings demonstrate the possibility of selenium-containing drugs or functional foods in alleviating obesity-related iron dyshomeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanwen Liu
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Junjun Li
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Pang
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yinghui Li
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fengqin Xu
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ning Liao
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dongyan Shao
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chunmei Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Junling Shi
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Huang L, Yang W, Li L, Feng X, Cheng H, Ge X, Liu C, Chen X, Mo Z, Yang X. Causal relationships between blood calcium, iron, magnesium, zinc, selenium, phosphorus, copper, and lead levels and multisystem disease outcomes in over 400,000 Caucasian participants. Clin Nutr 2022; 41:1015-1024. [PMID: 35390725 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Metal elements have been associated with a wide range of clinical outcomes. The available epidemiological evidence for these associations is often inconsistent and suffers from confounding and reverse causation. We aimed to explore the broad clinical effects of varying blood metal element levels and possible underlying mechanisms. METHODS We performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis by using metal element-associated genetic loci as instrumental variable to evaluate the causal associations between blood metal element levels and 1050 disease outcomes in a UK Biobank cohort. A total of 408,910 White British participants were enrolled in the analysis. We further used the metal element-related genes and disease-related genes to construct a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. RESULTS Eight metal elements were associated with 63 diseases in total. Notably, we found nine pairs of suggestive evidence between two different metal elements for the same disease. Selenium and lead share some of the associated clinical outcomes, including diabetes mellitus, type 2 diabetes, lymphoid leukemia, and acute pharyngitis. Lead and zinc share the associated disease of acquired hypothyroidism. Iron and copper share the associated disease of arthropathies. Copper and zinc share the associated disease of occlusion of cerebral arteries. Calcium and zinc share the associated disease of arthropathies. In addition, the PPI network provided potential links between metal elements and disease outcomes at the genetic level. CONCLUSIONS Our MR study of eight metal elements comprehensively characterized their shared and unique clinical effects, highlighting their potential causal roles in multiple diseases. Given the modifiable nature of blood metal elements and the potential for clinical interventions, these findings warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Huang
- Department of Radiotherapy, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Wenjun Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application,Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Longman Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Department of Urology, Institute of Urology and Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiuming Feng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Hong Cheng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaoting Ge
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Chaoqun Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xing Chen
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zengnan Mo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Department of Urology, Institute of Urology and Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaobo Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China.
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Selenium Supplementation during Puberty and Young Adulthood Mitigates Obesity-Induced Metabolic, Cellular and Epigenetic Alterations in Male Rat Physiology. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050895. [PMID: 35624758 PMCID: PMC9138167 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se) role in obesity is not clear. In addition, information on Se’s role in male physiology, specifically in obesity, is scarce. We conducted this study to evaluate the efficacy of Se supplementation, specifically during puberty until young adulthood, against obesity-induced deregulation of metabolic, cellular, and epigenetic parameters in epididymal fat and/or sperm cells in a rat model. High-fat-diet consumption by male rats during puberty and young adulthood significantly increased body weight, adipocyte size, oxidative stress, deregulated expression of genes associated with inflammation (Adiponectin, IL-6, TNF-α), adipogenesis (CEBPα), estrogen biosynthesis (CYP19) and epigenetic processes in epididymal adipose tissue (Dnmt3a), as well as altered microRNA expression vital for spermatogenesis in sperm cells (miR-15b and miR-497). On the other hand, Se supplementation significantly decreased oxidative stress and mitigated these molecular/epigenetic alterations in epididymal adipose tissue or sperm cells. Our results indicate that selenium supplementation during puberty/young adulthood could improve male physiology in the context of obesity. In addition, it suggests that Se could potentially positively affect offspring health.
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Hasani M, Saidpour A, Irandoost P, Golab F, Khazdouz M, Qorbani M, Agh F, Mohammad Sharifi A, Vafa M. Beneficial effects of Se/Zn co-supplementation on body weight and adipose tissue inflammation in high-fat diet-induced obese rats. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:3414-3425. [PMID: 34631042 PMCID: PMC8488787 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This research investigated the effect of co-supplementation of selenium with zinc on weight control and the inflammatory and oxidative status in relation to obesity. Male Wistar rats (N = 32) were randomly divided into four groups after induction of obesity model: 1) "Zn" was supplemented with zinc sulfate (15 mg/kg BW), 2) "Se" supplemented with selenium as sodium selenate (0.5 mg/kg BW), 3) "Zn + Se" which received Zn (15 mg/kg BW) + Se (0.5 mg/kg BW), and 4) "HFD" as the control group. The intervention was done for eight weeks. At the end of treatment, serum and tissue level of Zn, Se, SOD, GSH-Px, MDA, leptin, TNF-α, and IL-6 was evaluated. Weight and food intake were significantly reduced in the Se group(p < .001), while in the Zn group, weight gain due to obesity was prevented compared to the control group (p = .48). There was a significant and stronger increase in SOD, GSH-Px levels and a remarkable decrease in MDA, leptin, TNF-α, and IL-6 in the group receiving the combination of two supplements than either alone(p < .001). Leptin had a positive correlation with inflammatory factors and lipid peroxidation marker and showed an inverse relationship with Zn and Se levels and anti-oxidative enzymes(p < .05). The analysis showed the mediating role of leptin in the effects of zinc. Co-supplementation of selenium and zinc may have a synergistic effect in reduction of oxidative and inflammatory markers. Regarding the effect of zinc on inflammatory factors and lipid peroxidation, leptin can play a mediating role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motahareh Hasani
- Department of Nutrition School of Public Health Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Atoosa Saidpour
- National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (Department) Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Pardis Irandoost
- Department of Nutrition School of Public Health Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Fereshteh Golab
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center Iran University of Medical Science Tehran Iran
| | - Maryam Khazdouz
- Department of Nutrition School of Public Health Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Mostafa Qorbani
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center Alborz University of Medical Sciences Karaj Iran
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Fahimeh Agh
- Department of Nutrition School of Public Health Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Ali Mohammad Sharifi
- Stem cell and regenerative Medicine research center and department of pharmacology School of Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Vafa
- Department of Nutrition School of Public Health Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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8
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Donma MM, Donma O. The effects of allium sativum on immunity within the scope of COVID-19 infection. Med Hypotheses 2020; 144:109934. [PMID: 32512493 PMCID: PMC7265825 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection is quite variable and the manifestations varies from asymptomatic disease to severe acute respiratory infection. Fever, dry cough, dyspnea, myalgia, fatigue, loss of appetite, olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions are the most prevalent general symptoms. Decreased immune system cells such as suppressed regulatory T cells, cytotoxic and helper T cells, natural killer cells, monocytes/macrophages and increased proinflammatory cytokines are the characteristic features. Compounds derived from Allium sativum (garlic) have the potential to decrease the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and to reverse the immunological abnormalities to more acceptable levels. Allium sativum is suggested as a beneficial preventive measure before being infected with SARS-CoV-2 virus. Allium sativum is a functional food well-known for its immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, antimutagenic, antitumor properties. Its antiviral efficiency was also demonstrated. Some constituents of this plant were found to be active against protozoan parasites. Within this context, it appears to reverse most immune system dysfunctions observed in patients with COVID-19 infection. The relations among immune system parameters, leptin, leptin receptor, adenosin mono phosphate-activated protein kinase, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-gamma have also been interpreted. Leptin's role in boosting proinflammatory cytokines and in appetite decreasing suggest the possible beneficial effect of decreasing the concentration of this proinflammatory adipose tissue hormone in relieving some symptoms detected during COVID-19 infection. In conclusion, Allium sativum may be an acceptable preventive measure against COVID-19 infection to boost immune system cells and to repress the production and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines as well as an adipose tissue derived hormone leptin having the proinflammatory nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Metin Donma
- Tekirdag Namik Kemal University, Medical Faculty, Department of Pediatrics, Tekirdag, Turkey.
| | - Orkide Donma
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Istanbul, Turkey
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9
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Karamali M, Dastyar F, Badakhsh MH, Aghadavood E, Amirani E, Asemi Z. The Effects of Selenium Supplementation on Gene Expression Related to Insulin and Lipid Metabolism, and Pregnancy Outcomes in Patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 195:1-8. [PMID: 31317471 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-01818-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This study was performed to evaluate the effects of selenium supplementation on gene expression related to insulin and lipid metabolism, and pregnancy outcomes in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The current randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted in 36 patients with GDM. Participants were randomly divided into two groups to intake either 200 μg/day selenium supplements as selenium yeast or placebo (n = 18 each group) for 6 weeks. Selenium supplementation upregulated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (P = 0.03) and glucose transporter 1 (GLUT-1) (P = 0.01) in lymphocytes of subjects with GDM compared with the placebo. Selenium supplementation did not affect gene expression of low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)]. Supplementation with selenium had a significant decrease in incidence of newborns' hyperbilirubinemia (5.6% vs. 33.3%, P = 0.03) and newborns' hospitalization (5.6% vs. 33.3%, P = 0.03) compared with the placebo. Overall, we found that selenium supplementation for 6 weeks among patients with GDM significantly increased PPAR-γ and GLUT-1 expression, but did not affect gene expression of LDLR and LP(a). It also reduced incidence of newborns' hyperbilirubinemia and newborns' hospitalization. Clinical trial registration number: http://www.irct.ir: IRCT20170513033941N35.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Karamali
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Dastyar
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Badakhsh
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Esmat Aghadavood
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Elaheh Amirani
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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Selenium and Selenoproteins in Adipose Tissue Physiology and Obesity. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10040658. [PMID: 32344656 PMCID: PMC7225961 DOI: 10.3390/biom10040658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se) homeostasis is tightly related to carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, but its possible roles in obesity development and in adipocyte metabolism are unclear. The objective of the present study is to review the current data on Se status in obesity and to discuss the interference between Se and selenoprotein metabolism in adipocyte physiology and obesity pathogenesis. The overview and meta-analysis of the studies on blood Se and selenoprotein P (SELENOP) levels, as well as glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity in obese subjects, have yielded heterogenous and even conflicting results. Laboratory studies demonstrate that Se may modulate preadipocyte proliferation and adipogenic differentiation, and also interfere with insulin signaling, and regulate lipolysis. Knockout models have demonstrated that the selenoprotein machinery, including endoplasmic reticulum-resident selenoproteins together with GPXs and thioredoxin reductases (TXNRDs), are tightly related to adipocyte development and functioning. In conclusion, Se and selenoproteins appear to play an essential role in adipose tissue physiology, although human data are inconsistent. Taken together, these findings do not support the utility of Se supplementation to prevent or alleviate obesity in humans. Further human and laboratory studies are required to elucidate associations between Se metabolism and obesity.
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11
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Shi Y, Zou Y, Shen Z, Xiong Y, Zhang W, Liu C, Chen S. Trace Elements, PPARs, and Metabolic Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2612. [PMID: 32283758 PMCID: PMC7177711 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a constellation of metabolic derangements, including central obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, glucose intolerance, and dyslipidemia. The pathogenesis of MetS has been intensively studied, and now many factors are recognized to contribute to the development of MetS. Among these, trace elements influence the structure of proteins, enzymes, and complex carbohydrates, and thus an imbalance in trace elements is an independent risk factor for MetS. The molecular link between trace elements and metabolic homeostasis has been established, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) have appeared as key regulators bridging these two elements. This is because on one hand, PPARs are actively involved in various metabolic processes, such as abdominal adiposity and insulin sensitivity, and on the other hand, PPARs sensitively respond to changes in trace elements. For example, an iron overload attenuates hepatic mRNA expression of Ppar-α; zinc supplementation is considered to recover the DNA-binding activity of PPAR-α, which is impaired in steatotic mouse liver; selenium administration downregulates mRNA expression of Ppar-γ, thereby improving lipid metabolism and oxidative status in the liver of high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. More importantly, PPARs' expression and activity are under the control of the circadian clock and show a robust 24 h rhythmicity, which might be the reasons for the side effects and the clinical limitations of trace elements targeting PPARs. Taken together, understanding the casual relationships among trace elements, PPARs' actions, and the pathogenesis of MetS is of great importance. Further studies are required to explore the chronopharmacological effects of trace elements on the diurnal oscillation of PPARs and the consequent development of MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Siyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
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12
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Cavedon E, Manso J, Negro I, Censi S, Serra R, Busetto L, Vettor R, Plebani M, Pezzani R, Nacamulli D, Mian C. Selenium Supplementation, Body Mass Composition, and Leptin Levels in Patients with Obesity on a Balanced Mildly Hypocaloric Diet: A Pilot Study. Int J Endocrinol 2020; 2020:4802739. [PMID: 32565792 PMCID: PMC7275228 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4802739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adequate levels of selenium (Se) have protective effects against several chronic diseases, such as obesity. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of Se supplementation in a selected group of patients with obesity. METHODS This randomized prospective study included 37 overweight/obese individuals aged 18-65 years, who adopted a slightly hypocaloric diet for 3 months. An intervention group received 240 μg/day of L-selenomethionine for 3 months; a control group received a placebo. Clinical and biochemical parameters, body composition measurements, and the Psychological General Well-Being Index (PGWBI) questionnaire were tested at the beginning and end of the treatment. RESULTS A comparison of the two groups showed a significant change in body composition, involving a decrease in body fat mass, between the baseline and the end of the follow-up, in the intervention group. Unlike the placebo group, the group given Se had a significant increase in lean body and muscle mass and a significant decrease in leptin levels after 3 months on diet. At the end of the follow-up, the group given Se scored higher on the PGWBI than those who did not. CONCLUSION Se could reinforce the effects of diet for overweight and obesity. This work was registered in the ISRCTN registry with study ID ISRCTN6106073.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Cavedon
- Familial Cancer Clinic and Oncoendocrinology, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Jacopo Manso
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Isabella Negro
- Internal Medicine, Alto Vicentino Hospital, Santorso (VI), Italy
| | - Simona Censi
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Roberto Serra
- Internal Medicine 3, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Luca Busetto
- Internal Medicine 3, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Roberto Vettor
- Internal Medicine 3, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Mario Plebani
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Raffaele Pezzani
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- AIROB, Associazione Italiana per La Ricerca Oncologica di Base, Padua, Italy
| | - Davide Nacamulli
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Caterina Mian
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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13
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Kamali A, Amirani E, Asemi Z. Effects of Selenium Supplementation on Metabolic Status in Patients Undergoing for Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) Surgery: a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Biol Trace Elem Res 2019; 191:331-337. [PMID: 30637662 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-1636-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of selenium supplementation on glycemic control, lipid profiles, and biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in patients undergoing for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was performed among 33 patients undergoing for CABG surgery, aged 40-85 years old. Subjects were randomly allocated into two groups to intake either 200 μg/day selenium supplements as selenium yeast (n = 17) or placebo (n = 16) for 4 weeks. Glycemic control, lipid profiles, and biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress were assessed at baseline and at the end of trial. After the 4-week intervention, selenium supplementation significantly decreased fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (β, 6.76 mg/dL; 95% CI, - 13.13, - 0.40; P = 0.03), insulin (β, - 1.14 μIU/mL; 95% CI, - 2.01, - 0.28; P = 0.01); homeostasis model of assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (β - 0.35; 95% CI, - 0.62, - 0.08; P = 0.01); and total-/HDL-cholesterol ratio (β - 0.31; 95% CI, - 0.51, - 0.09; P = 0.008); and significantly increased HDL-cholesterol levels (β, 2.72 mg/dL; 95% CI, 0.89, 4.55; P = 0.005) compared with the placebo. Moreover, selenium supplementation led to a significant reduction in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (β, - 0.68 mg/L; 95% CI, - 1.18, - 0.17; P = 0.01) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (β, - 0.27 μmol/L; 95% CI, - 0.47, - 0.07; P = 0.009), and a significant elevation in total glutathione (GSH) levels (β, 77.33 μmol/L; 95% CI, 56.11, 98.55; P < 0.001) compared with the placebo. Selenium supplementation did not affect other metabolic profiles. Overall, our study demonstrated that selenium supplementation for 4 weeks to patients undergoing for CABG surgery had beneficial effects on FPG, insulin, HOMA-IR, total-/HDL-cholesterol ratio, HDL-cholesterol, hs-CRP, GSH, and MDA levels, but did not affect other metabolic profiles. Clinical trial registration number: http://www.irct.ir : IRCT2017090533941N22.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Kamali
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Elaheh Amirani
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran.
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14
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Seiri P, Abi A, Soukhtanloo M. PPAR-γ: Its ligand and its regulation by microRNAs. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:10893-10908. [PMID: 30770587 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) belong to the nuclear receptor superfamily. PPARs are categorized into three subtypes, PPARα, β/δ, and γ, encoded by different genes, expressed in diverse tissues and participate in various biological functions and can be activated by their metabolic derivatives in the body or dietary fatty acids. The PPAR-γ also takes parts in the regulation of energy balance, lipoprotein metabolism, insulin sensitivity, oxidative stress, and inflammatory signaling. It has been implicated in the pathology of numerous diseases including obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis, and cancers. Among various cellular and molecular targets that are able to regulate PPAR-γ and its underlying pathways, microRNAs (miRNAs) appeared as important regulators. Given that the deregulation of these molecules via targeting PPAR-γ could affect initiation and progression of various diseases, identification of miRNAs that affects PPAR-γ could contribute to the better understanding of roles of PPAR-γ in various biological and pathological conditions. Here, we have summarized the function and various ligands of PPAR-γ and have highlighted various miRNAs involved in the regulation of PPAR-γ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvaneh Seiri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abbas Abi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Soukhtanloo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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15
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Zadeh Modarres S, Heidar Z, Foroozanfard F, Rahmati Z, Aghadavod E, Asemi Z. The Effects of Selenium Supplementation on Gene Expression Related to Insulin and Lipid in Infertile Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Women Candidate for In Vitro Fertilization: a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Biol Trace Elem Res 2018; 183:218-225. [PMID: 28875327 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-017-1148-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of selenium supplementation on gene expression related to insulin and lipid in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) candidate for in vitro fertilization (IVF). This randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted among 40 infertile women with PCOS candidate for IVF. Subjects were randomly allocated into two groups to intake either 200-μg selenium (n = 20) or placebo (n = 20) per day for 8 weeks. Gene expression levels related to insulin and lipid were quantified in lymphocytes of women with PCOS candidate for IVF with RT-PCR method. Results of RT-PCR demonstrated that after the 8-week intervention, compared with the placebo, selenium supplementation upregulated gene expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) (1.06 ± 0.15-fold increase vs. 0.94 ± 0.18-fold reduction, P = 0.02) and glucose transporter 1 (GLUT-1) (1.07 ± 0.20-fold increase vs. 0.87 ± 0.18-fold reduction, P = 0.003) in lymphocytes of women with PCOS candidate for IVF. In addition, compared with the placebo, selenium supplementation downregulated gene expression of low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) (0.88 ± 0.17-fold reduction vs. 1.05 ± 0.22-fold increase, P = 0.01) in lymphocytes of women with PCOS candidate for IVF. We did not observe any significant effect of selenium supplementation on gene expression levels of lipoprotein(a) [LP(a)] in lymphocytes of women with PCOS candidate for IVF. Overall, selenium supplementation for 8 weeks in lymphocytes of women with infertile PCOS candidate for IVF significantly increased gene expression levels of PPAR-γ and GLUT-1 and significantly decreased gene expression levels of LDLR, but did not affect LP(a). CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER http://www.irct.ir : IRCT201704245623N113.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahrzad Zadeh Modarres
- Infertility and Reproductive Health Research Center (IRHRC), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Heidar
- Preventative Gynecology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Foroozanfard
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Zahra Rahmati
- Infertility and Reproductive Health Research Center (IRHRC), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Esmat Aghadavod
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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16
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Xu R, Chen C, Zhou Y, Zhang X, Wan Y. Fingernail selenium levels in relation to the risk of obesity in Chinese children: A cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e0027. [PMID: 29489649 PMCID: PMC5851749 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se) has been suggested to be beneficial to obesity development. However, limited studies have evaluated the association between Se and childhood obesity and the findings are inconsistent.The aim of this study was to examine the association of Se levels with obesity in children in a cross-sectional study.A total of 62 obese (21 girls) and 65 normal-weight children (27 girls) aged 7 to 13 years were recruited in Shanghai, China. Obesity was defined as body mass index (BMI) ≥ its 95th age- and sex-specific percentile for children. Participant demographic data and parental information were obtained through a self-administered questionnaire. Se concentration in fingernail clippings was quantified using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry.The average age was 10.9 years (standard deviation = 1.0) and the mean BMI was 21.2 kg/m (standard deviation = 5.0). Fingernail Se levels were relatively higher among normal-weight children as compared with obese participants, though the difference was not statistically significant (P = .79). Se levels were inversely associated with the risk of childhood obesity after adjustment for potential confounders. The multivariable-adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) was 0.24 (0.07-0.84) comparing participants in the highest with those who in the lowest tertile of Se levels (Plinear-trend = .03).Our study supported an inverse association between fingernail Se levels and the risk of obesity in Chinese children. Data generated from the present study are useful for designing future prospective cohort studies and/or randomized clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renying Xu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health – Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN
| | - Yiquan Zhou
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine
| | - Yanping Wan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai, China
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Insulin resistance, an unmasked culprit in depressive disorders: Promises for interventions. Neuropharmacology 2017; 136:327-334. [PMID: 29180223 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Depressive disorders constitute a set of debilitating diseases with psychological, societal, economic and humanitarian consequences for millions of people worldwide. Scientists are beginning to understand the reciprocal communication between the brain and the rest of the body in the etiology of these diseases. In particular, scientists have noted a connection between depressive disorders, which are primarily seen as brain-based, and, insulin resistance (IR), a modifiable metabolic inflammatory state that is typically seen as peripheral. We highlight evidence showing how treating IR, with drugs or behavioral interventions, may ameliorate or possibly prevent, depressive disorders and their long-term consequences at various stages of the life course. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'Metabolic Impairment as Risk Factors for Neurodegenerative Disorders.'
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18
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Roussel AM. Déficits en micronutriments dans le surpoids et l’obésité : conséquences métaboliques et cliniques. NUTR CLIN METAB 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nupar.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Mirmansouri A, Imantalab V, Mohammadzadeh Jouryabi A, Kanani G, Naderi Nabi B, Farzi F, Biazar G, Ghazanfar Tehran S, Tarbiat M. Effect of Selenium on Stress Response in Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: A Clinical Trial. Anesth Pain Med 2017; 7:e43864. [PMID: 28920049 PMCID: PMC5554419 DOI: 10.5812/aapm.43864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 12/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In spite of significant improvements in surgical and anesthetic techniques, acute stress response to surgery remains a main cause of mortality and morbidity in coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery patients. Therefore, doing research to find safe and effective modalities with more cardio protective properties seems necessary. Objectives In this study, we sought to determine whether intravenous injection of 600 μg Selenium (Se) prior to surgery would limit stress response measured by blood sugar. Methods This double blind clinical trial was conducted at a referral center of cardiac surgery affiliated to Guilan University of Medical Sciences (GUMS) from June 2015 to October 2015. 73 eligible patients candidate for elective isolated CABG surgery were enrolled in the trial. They were randomly allocated to either Se group (n = 36) receiving 600 μg Se prior to surgery or control group (n = 37). Our evaluation was based on blood sugar (BS) which was measured at four point times, including before induction of anesthesia (T0), at the end of CPB (T1), 24 hours (T2) and 48 hours (T3) after surgery. Results The data obtained from 73 patients in group S (n = 36) and group C (n = 37) were analyzed. There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding the baseline characteristics. In both groups, a sharp rise in BS levels was observed following CPB (P = 0.0001). Although the trend of BS changes was remarkable in both groups (P = 0.0001), there was no statistically significant difference between the groups at all point times including T0 (P = 0.45), T1 (P = 0.48), T2 (P = 0.92), and T3 (P = 0.42). Within the study time, our patients were monitored for any adverse effect but nothing was observed. Conclusions This investigation showed that intravenous single dose of 600 μg Se was safe in CABG patients, but had no positive effect on stress response to surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mirmansouri
- Associate Professor of Anesthesiology, Fellowship of Anesthesia in Cardiac Surgery, Anesthesiology Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences (GUMS), Rasht, Iran
| | - Vali Imantalab
- Associate Professor of Anesthesiology, Fellowship of Anesthesia in Cardiac Surgery, Anesthesiology Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences (GUMS), Rasht, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammadzadeh Jouryabi
- Associate Professor of Anesthesiology, Fellowship of Anesthesia in Cardiac Surgery, Anesthesiology Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences (GUMS), Rasht, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Kanani
- Department of Cardaic Surgery, Assistant Professor of Cardiac Surgery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Bahram Naderi Nabi
- Associate Professor of Anesthesiology, Fellowship of Anesthesia and Pain (FIPP), Anesthesiology Department, Anesthesiology Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Farnoush Farzi
- Associate Professor of Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences (GUMS), Rasht, Iran
| | - Gelareh Biazar
- Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences (GUMS), Rasht, Iran
- Corresponding author: Gelareh Biazar, Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences (GUMS), Rasht, Iran, E-mail:
| | - Samaneh Ghazanfar Tehran
- Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences (GUMS), Rasht, Iran
| | - Masoud Tarbiat
- Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Sedighinejad A, Imantalab V, Mirmansouri A, Mohammadzadeh Jouryabi A, Kanani G, Nassiri Sheikhani N, Haghighi M, Atrkarroushan Z, Biazar G. Effects of Low-dose Selenium on the Inflammatory Response in Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: A Clinical Trial. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2016; 18:e37918. [PMID: 27795837 PMCID: PMC5070486 DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.37918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) triggers an inflammatory reaction, leading to the development of myocardial damage and dysfunction. It is suggested that selenium (Se), an essential trace element, has a protective role against oxidative stress. Decreased intraoperative Se levels might be an independent predictive factor for postoperative multiorgan failure. In spite of its proposed advantages, however, the optimal timing and dosage are not well known. Objectives To determine whether 600 µg of intravenous Se administration before induction of anesthesia for CABG surgery could attenuate inflammatory reactions in an Iranian population. Methods This randomized triple-blind clinical trial took place in the department of cardiac surgery of an academic hospital affiliated with Guilan University of Medical Sciences (GUMS) from May 2015 to September 2015. Eighty-eight eligible patients scheduled for elective on-pump CABG surgery were divided into two groups using randomized fixed quadripartite blocks. They received either an intravenous bolus of 600 µg Se before induction of anesthesia, or normal saline as a placebo. We had four measurement time-points: just before induction of anesthesia (T0), immediately after the end of CPB (T1), 24 hours after surgery (T2), and 48 hours after surgery (T3). Interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and C-reactive protein (CRP) serum levels were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results Data from a total of 81 patients were analyzed: group S (n = 41) and group C (n = 40). There was no significant difference between the two groups with regard to baseline characteristics. In both groups, CPB caused markedly increased IL-6, TNF-α, and CRP plasma concentrations compared with baseline (P = 0.0001). However, the pattern of changes was not significantly different between group S (P = 0.068) and group C (P = 0.26). The IL-6 and TNF-α change trends were significant in each group (P=0.0001). However, comparing the two groups showed no significant difference. With regard to IL-6, there was no significant difference between the two groups at the time-points of T1 (P = 0.34), T2 (P = 0.17), and T3 (P = 0.056), and the same was found for TNF-α at T1 (P = 0.34), T2 (P = 0.17), and T3 (P = 0.056). With regard to CRP, the trend of the changes was significant in each group (P = 0.0001). However, comparing two groups showed a borderline significant difference between them at T1 (P = 0.039), but not at T2 (P = 0.075) or T3 (P = 0.11). Conclusions This study revealed that the administration of 600 μg of intravenous Se immediately before induction of anesthesia was safe, but when compared to a placebo, no predominant clinical effects or modifications in the systemic inflammatory response induced by on-pump CABG were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Sedighinejad
- MD, Associate Professor of Anesthesiology, Fellowship of Anesthesia in Cardiac Surgery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, IR Iran
| | - Vali Imantalab
- MD, Associate Professor of Anesthesiology, Fellowship of Anesthesia in Cardiac Surgery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, IR Iran
- Corresponding Author: Vali Imantalab, Anesthesiology Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences (GUMS), Rasht, IR Iran. Tel: +98-9111316138, E-mail:
| | - Ali Mirmansouri
- MD, Associate Professor of Anesthesiology, Fellowship of Anesthesia in Cardiac Surgery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, IR Iran
| | - Ali Mohammadzadeh Jouryabi
- MD, Associate Professor of Anesthesiology, Fellowship of Anesthesia in Cardiac Surgery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, IR Iran
| | - Gholamreza Kanani
- MD, Assistant Professor of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardaic Surgery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, IR Iran
| | - Nassir Nassiri Sheikhani
- MD, Assistant Professor of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardaic Surgery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, IR Iran
| | - Mohammad Haghighi
- MD, Associate Professor of Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences (GUMS), Rasht, IR Iran
| | - Zahra Atrkarroushan
- PhD, Assistant Professor of Biostatistic, Guilan University of Medical Sciences (GUMS), Rasht, IR Iran
| | - Gelareh Biazar
- MD, Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences (GUMS), Rasht, IR Iran
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