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Bunsawat K, Skow RJ, Kaur J, Wray DW. Neural control of the circulation during exercise in heart failure with reduced and preserved ejection fraction. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2023; 325:H998-H1011. [PMID: 37682236 PMCID: PMC10907034 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00214.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Patients with heart failure with reduced (HFrEF) and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) exhibit severe exercise intolerance that may be due, in part, to inappropriate cardiovascular and hemodynamic adjustments to exercise. Several neural mechanisms and locally released vasoactive substances work in concert through complex interactions to ensure proper adjustments to meet the metabolic demands of the contracting skeletal muscle. Specifically, accumulating evidence suggests that disease-related alterations in neural mechanisms (e.g., central command, exercise pressor reflex, arterial baroreflex, and cardiopulmonary baroreflex) contribute to heightened sympathetic activation and impaired ability to attenuate sympathetic vasoconstrictor responsiveness that may contribute to reduced skeletal muscle blood flow and severe exercise intolerance in patients with HFrEF. In contrast, little is known regarding these important aspects of physiology in patients with HFpEF, though emerging data reveal heightened sympathetic activation and attenuated skeletal muscle blood flow during exercise in this patient population that may be attributable to dysregulated neural control of the circulation. The overall goal of this review is to provide a brief overview of the current understanding of disease-related alterations in the integrative neural cardiovascular responses to exercise in both HFrEF and HFpEF phenotypes, with a focus on sympathetic nervous system regulation during exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanokwan Bunsawat
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
| | - Rachel J Skow
- Department of Kinesiology, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, United States
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jasdeep Kaur
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States
| | - D Walter Wray
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
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2
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Reginato GDS, de Jager L, Martins AB, Lucchetti BFC, de Campos BH, Lopes FNC, Araujo EJDA, Zaia CTBV, Pinge-Filho P, Martins-Pinge MC. Differential benefits of physical training associated or not with L-arginine supplementation in rats with metabolic syndrome: evaluation of cardiovascular, autonomic and metabolic parameters. Physiol Behav 2023:114251. [PMID: 37253403 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized by endocrine-metabolic and cardiac alterations that increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemia, and type-2 diabetes mellitus. Dietary supplementation with L-Arginine (L-Arg) is beneficial for fat loss, while chronic aerobic exercise has several benefits in reversing cardiovascular, autonomic, and metabolic dysfunctions caused by obesity. However, the association between these two approaches has not yet been described. This study aimed to evaluate the possible benefits of physical training, with or without L-Arg supplementation, on cardiovascular, autonomic, and metabolic parameters in rats with MetS, which was induced by the subcutaneous administration of monosodium glutamate at 4 mg g-1day-1 in rats from the first to fifth day of life. Physical training on a treadmill and supplementation with L-Arg in adulthood were carried out concomitantly for 8 weeks. After this, the animals underwent femoral artery catheterization to record their cardiovascular parameters and autonomic modulation. Organs and blood were removed to measure levels of nitrite, glucose, and hepatic steatosis. In adult rats with MetS, supplementation with L-Arg in combination with physical training reduced hypertension, tachycardia, adipose tissue mass, free fatty acids, and hepatic steatosis. Supplementation with L-Arg and physical training separately was beneficial in reducing several aspects of MetS, but a combination of both was especially effective in reducing adipose tissue and hepatic steatosis. Together, the two therapies can form a good strategy to combat MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela de Souza Reginato
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina PR, Brazil
| | - Lorena de Jager
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina PR, Brazil
| | - Andressa Busetti Martins
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina PR, Brazil
| | | | - Blenda Hyedra de Campos
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina PR, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Novi Cortegoso Lopes
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina PR, Brazil
| | | | - Cássia Thaïs B Vieira Zaia
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina PR, Brazil
| | - Phileno Pinge-Filho
- Department of Pathological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina PR, Brazil
| | - Marli Cardoso Martins-Pinge
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina PR, Brazil.
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Lopes FNC, da Cunha NV, de Campos BH, Fattori V, Panis C, Cecchini R, Verri WA, Pinge-Filho P, Martins-Pinge MC. Antioxidant therapy reverses sympathetic dysfunction, oxidative stress, and hypertension in male hyperadipose rats. Life Sci 2022; 295:120405. [PMID: 35181311 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) is the main sympathetic output of the central nervous system to control blood pressure. Reportedly, reactive oxygen species (ROS) can increase arterial pressure, leading to hypertension. As ROS increase the sympathetic tone in RVLM and obese animals present grater oxidative stress, it would be important to note this relationship. MAIN METHODS Therefore, we evaluated the systemic and central effects (in the RVLM) of vitamin C (vit C, an antioxidant) on the redox balance and cardiovascular and autonomic profiles in hyperadipose male rats. We also evaluated the neurotransmission by L-glutamate (L-glu) and vit C in the RVLM of awake hyperadipose rats. KEY FINDINGS Our study confirmed that hyperadipose rats were hypertensive and tachycardic, presented increased sympathetic and decreased parasympathetic modulation of the heart, and had increased plasma lipoperoxidation compared with the control rats (CTR). Oral vitamin C treatment reverted cardiovascular, autonomic, and plasma redox dysfunction. Hyperadipose rats presented a higher blood pressure increase after L-glu microinjection and a lower response to vit C in the RVLM compared with the CTR group. Biochemical analysis of redox balance in RVLM punches showed that hyperadipose rats have increased NBT and T-BARS, and after treatment with vit C, the oxidative profile decreased. The antioxidative activity of vit C reduced the amount of ROS in the RVLM area that might have resulted in lowered blood pressure and sympathetic modulation. SIGNIFICANCE Our data suggest central and peripheral benefits of vit C treatment on cardiovascular, autonomic, and oxidative dysfunctions in hyperadipose animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Novi Cortegoso Lopes
- Departament of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Natália Veronez da Cunha
- Departament of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Blenda Hyedra de Campos
- Departament of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Victor Fattori
- Departament of Pathological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Carolina Panis
- Tumor Biology Laboratory, Health Sciences Center, State University of Western Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Rubens Cecchini
- Departament of Pathological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Waldiceu Aparecido Verri
- Departament of Pathological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Phileno Pinge-Filho
- Departament of Pathological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Marli Cardoso Martins-Pinge
- Departament of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil.
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Gardim CB, Veiga AC, Aguilar BA, Philbois SV, Souza HCD. Effects of chronic cholinergic stimulation associated with aerobic physical training on cardiac morphofunctional and autonomic parameters in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17141. [PMID: 34433865 PMCID: PMC8387354 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96505-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated hemodynamic, cardiac morphofunctional, and cardiovascular autonomic adaptations in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) after aerobic physical training associated with chronic cholinergic stimulation. Fifty-four SHRs were divided into two groups: trained and untrained. Each group was further subdivided into three smaller groups: vehicle, treated with pyridostigmine bromide at 5 mg/kg/day, and treated with pyridostigmine bromide at 15 mg/kg/day. The following protocols were assessed: echocardiography, autonomic double pharmacological blockade, heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure variability (BPV), and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS). Physical training and pyridostigmine bromide reduced BP and HR and increased vagal participation in cardiac autonomic tonic balance. The associated responses were then potentialized. Treatment with pyridostigmine bromide increased HRV oscillation of both low frequency (LF: 0.2-0.75 Hz) and high frequency (HF: 0.75-3 Hz). However, the association with physical training attenuated HF oscillations. Additionally, treatment with pyridostigmine bromide also increased LF oscillations of BPV. Both treatment groups promoted morphofunctional adaptations, and associated increased ejection volume, ejection fraction, cardiac output, and cardiac index. In conclusion, the association of pyridostigmine bromide and physical training promoted greater benefits in hemodynamic parameters and increased vagal influence on cardiac autonomic tonic balance. Nonetheless, treatment with pyridostigmine bromide alone seems to negatively affect BPV and the association of treatment negatively influences HRV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila B Gardim
- Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Catarine Veiga
- Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno A Aguilar
- Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Stella V Philbois
- Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Hugo C D Souza
- Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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de Campos BH, de Jager L, Reginato GS, Pereira RS, Crestani CC, Pinge-Filho P, Martins-Pinge MC. Cardiovascular evaluation of female rats with 6-OHDA-induced parkinsonism: Possible protection by ovarian hormones and participation of nitric oxide. Life Sci 2020; 259:118259. [PMID: 32795538 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurological disorder caused by environmental and genetic factors, characterized by the death of dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), leading to a decrease of dopamine in the striatum. In addition to motor symptoms, PD has several abnormalities, among which are cardiovascular changes, such as orthostatic and postprandial hypotension, and blood pressure lability. Studies demonstrate gender differences in PD pathogenesis, indicating that female hormones have a protective role against disease development. However, no studies examining cardiovascular changes in a female rat model of parkinsonism exist. MAIN METHODS Wistar female rats were subjected to ovariectomy (OVX) or sham surgery. After seven days, these animals were subjected to bilateral infusion of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) or vehicle solution in their SNpc. On the 14th experimental day, a femoral artery catheterization was performed to record cardiovascular parameters after 24 h in conscious state. Analyses of cardiovascular variability and spontaneous baroreflex were performed. The nitrite (NO) concentration in the heart, thoracic aorta, abdominal aorta, and plasma was measured. KEY FINDINGS The sham-6-OHDA group had no decrease in the mean arterial pressure compared to sham-saline group, whereas the OVX-6-OHDA group presented a baseline decrease in comparison to sham-6-OHDA. The OVX-6-OHDA group showed an NO increase in the heart and abdominal aorta, whereas the sham-6-OHDA group did not. The very low frequency variability component decreased in the sham-6-OHDA but not in the OVX-6-OHDA group. SIGNIFICANCE We suggest a cardiovascular protection by ovarian hormones in PD with a possible NO involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blenda Hyedra de Campos
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Lorena de Jager
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Souza Reginato
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Rito Santo Pereira
- Department of Pathological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Carlos César Crestani
- Department of Natural Active Principles and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Phileno Pinge-Filho
- Department of Pathological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Marli Cardoso Martins-Pinge
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil.
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Hazzaa SM, El-Roghy ES, Abd Eldaim MA, Elgarawany GE. Monosodium glutamate induces cardiac toxicity via oxidative stress, fibrosis, and P53 proapoptotic protein expression in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:20014-20024. [PMID: 32236804 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08436-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is widely used as food additive and flavor enhancer; however, consumption of high dose of MSG provokes oxidative stress in many organs and its safety and side effects on the body are still controversial. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate the long-lasting effects of MSG on cardiac muscle functions and structure. Forty male Wister albino rats were assigned into 3 groups. Control group was injected intraperitoneally with physiological saline for 7 days. Second group was injected intraperitoneally with MSG at a dose of 4 mg/g b.w/day for 7 consecutive days and then kept without any treatment till 45th day of the experiment. Third group was injected intraperitoneally with MSG at a dose of 6 mg/g b.w/day for 7 consecutive days and then kept without any treatment till 45th day of the experiment. Monosodium glutamate significantly reduced body weight, force of cardiac muscle contractility, serum level of high-density lipoprotein, and superoxide dismutase activity in cardiac muscle, while it significantly elevated heart rate, serum levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, triacylglycerides, atherogenic index and troponin T, activities of serum lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase-MB, malondialdehyde concentration, and P53 protein expression in cardiac muscle. In addition, it induced myocardial degeneration, cellular infiltration, deposition of collagen in cardiac muscle, and periodic acid-Schiff staining reaction. This study indicated that MSG exerted long-lasting functional and structural alterations in the heart of male albino rats through induction of oxidative stress, atherogenesis, and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzan M Hazzaa
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebeen Elkom, Egypt
| | - Eman S El-Roghy
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebeen Elkom, Egypt
| | - Mabrouk A Abd Eldaim
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary, Menoufia University, Shebeen Elkom, Egypt.
| | - Ghada E Elgarawany
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebeen Elkom, Egypt
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Pentamethylquercetin Attenuates Cardiac Remodeling via Activation of the Sestrins/Keap1/Nrf2 Pathway in MSG-Induced Obese Mice. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:3243906. [PMID: 32090078 PMCID: PMC7013309 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3243906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Objective Obesity causes a variety of metabolic alterations that may contribute to abnormalities of the cardiac structure and function (obesity cardiomyopathy). In previous works, we have shown that pentamethylquercetin (PMQ) significantly improved metabolic disorders in obese mice and it inhibited pressure overload-induced cardiac remodeling in mice. However, its potential benefit in obesity cardiomyopathy remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of PMQ on cardiac remodeling in obese mice. Methods We generated a monosodium glutamate-induced obese (MSG-IO) model in mice, which were treated with PMQ (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg) for 16 weeks consecutively. We examined the metabolic parameters and observed cardiac remodeling by performing cardiac echocardiography and Masson's staining. The expression levels of molecules associated with the endogenous antioxidant system, including the sestrins/kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)/Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway, were analyzed by western blotting and immunofluorescent staining. Results We found that PMQ treatment significantly ameliorated obesity phenotypes and improved metabolic disorders in MSG-IO mice. PMQ decreased the heart wall thickness and attenuated cardiac fibrosis. Further study revealed that the protective effects of PMQ might be mediated by promoting Keap1 degradation and augmenting sestrins expression and Nrf2 nuclear translocation. Conclusion Our findings indicated that PMQ ameliorated cardiac remodeling in obese mice by targeting the sestrins/Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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Lucchetti BFC, Boaretto N, Lopes FNC, Malvezi AD, Lovo-Martins MI, Tatakihara VLH, Fattori V, Pereira RS, Verri WA, de Almeida Araujo EJ, Pinge-Filho P, Martins-Pinge MC. Metabolic syndrome agravates cardiovascular, oxidative and inflammatory dysfunction during the acute phase of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in mice. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18885. [PMID: 31827186 PMCID: PMC6906468 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55363-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the influence of metabolic syndrome (MS) on acute Trypanosoma cruzi infection. Obese Swiss mice, 70 days of age, were subjected to intraperitoneal infection with 5 × 102 trypomastigotes of the Y strain. Cardiovascular, oxidative, inflammatory, and metabolic parameters were evaluated in infected and non-infected mice. We observed higher parasitaemia in the infected obese group (IOG) than in the infected control group (ICG) 13 and 15 days post-infection. All IOG animals died by 19 days post-infection (dpi), whereas 87.5% of the ICG survived to 30 days. Increased plasma nitrite levels in adipose tissue and the aorta were observed in the IOG. Higher INF-γ and MCP-1 concentrations and lower IL-10 concentrations were observed in the IOG compared to those in the ICG. Decreased insulin sensitivity was observed in obese animals, which was accentuated after infection. Higher parasitic loads were found in adipose and hepatic tissue, and increases in oxidative stress in cardiac, hepatic, and adipose tissues were characteristics of the IOG group. Thus, MS exacerbates experimental Chagas disease, resulting in greater damage and decreased survival in infected animals, and might be a warning sign that MS can influence other pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Fernando Cruz Lucchetti
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
- Department of Physiotherapy, University Center of Araguaia Valley, Barra do Garças, MT, Brazil
| | - Natalia Boaretto
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Novi Cortegoso Lopes
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Aparecida Donizette Malvezi
- Department of Pathological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Maria Isabel Lovo-Martins
- Department of Pathological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Vera Lúcia Hideko Tatakihara
- Department of Pathological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Victor Fattori
- Department of Pathological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Rito Santo Pereira
- Department of Pathological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Waldiceu Aparecido Verri
- Department of Pathological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Phileno Pinge-Filho
- Department of Pathological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Marli Cardoso Martins-Pinge
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil.
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Tófolo LP, Rinaldi W, Gôngora AB, Matiusso CCI, Pavanello A, Malta A, de Almeida DL, Ribeiro TA, Oliveira AR, Peres MNC, Armitage JA, Mathias PCDF, Palma-Rigo K. Moderate Physical Training Ameliorates Cardiovascular Dysfunction Induced by High Fat Diet After Cessation of Training in Adult Rats. Front Physiol 2019; 10:170. [PMID: 30930783 PMCID: PMC6423496 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to test whether moderate physical training can induce long-lasting protection against cardiovascular risk factors induced by high fat diet (HFD) intake, even after cessation of training. 90-days-old Wistar rats were submitted to a sedentary lifestyle or moderate physical training, three times a week, for 30 days. Following this, at 120 days-of age, sedentary and trained rats received a hypercaloric diet (HFD) or a commercial diet normal fat diet (NFD) for 30 days. Body weight (BW) and food intake were evaluated weekly. At 150 days-of age, hemodynamic measures (systolic, diastolic, mean blood pressure, pulse pressure, pulse interval and heart rate) were made via an indwelling femoral artery catheter. Beat-to-beat data were analyzed to calculate power spectra of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and pulse interval. After euthanasia, mesenteric fat pads were removed and weighted and total blood was stored for later analysis of lipid profile. Consumption of a HFD increased blood pressure (BP), pulse pressure, low frequency BP variability, BW gain, fat pad stores and induced dyslipidemia. Interestingly, prior physical training was able to partially protect against this rise in BP and body fat stores. Prior physical training did not totally protect against the effects of HFD consumption but previously trained animals did demonstrate resistance to the development of cardiometabolic alterations, which illustrate that the benefits of physical training may be partially maintained even after 30 days of detraining period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laize Peron Tófolo
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil.,Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences of Cacoal, Cacoal, Brazil
| | - Wilson Rinaldi
- Department of Physical Education, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Adriane Barreto Gôngora
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Camila Cristina Ianoni Matiusso
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Audrei Pavanello
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Ananda Malta
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Douglas Lopes de Almeida
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Tatiane Aparecida Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Natalia Chimirri Peres
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo Cezar de Freitas Mathias
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Kesia Palma-Rigo
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil.,Faculdade Adventista Paranaense, Ivatuba, Brazil
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10
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da Cunha NV, Lopes FNC, Panis C, Cecchini R, Pinge-Filho P, Martins-Pinge MC. iNOS inhibition improves autonomic dysfunction and oxidative status in hypertensive obese rats. Clin Exp Hypertens 2017; 39:50-57. [DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2016.1210628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carolina Panis
- Department of Pathological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Rubens Cecchini
- Department of Pathological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Phileno Pinge-Filho
- Department of Pathological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
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Western diet in the perinatal period promotes dysautonomia in the offspring of adult rats. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2016; 8:216-225. [PMID: 27931267 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174416000623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the impact of a western diet during gestation and lactation on the anthropometry, serum biochemical, blood pressure and cardiovascular autonomic control on the offspring. Male Wistar rats were divided into two groups according to their mother's diet received: control group (C: 18% calories of lipids) and westernized group (W: 32% calories of lipids). After weaning both groups received standard diet. On the 60th day of life, blood samples were collected for the analysis of fasting glucose and lipidogram. Cardiovascular parameters were measured on the same period. Autonomic nervous system modulation was evaluated by spectrum analysis of heart rate (HR) and systolic arterial pressure (SAP). The W increased glycemia (123±2 v. 155±2 mg/dl), low-density lipoprotein (15±1 v. 31±2 mg/dl), triglycerides (49±1 v. 85±2 mg/dl), total cholesterol (75±2 v. 86±2 mg/dl), and decreased high-density lipoprotein (50±4 v. 38±3 mg/dl), as well as increased body mass (209±4 v. 229±6 g) than C. Furthermore, the W showed higher SAP (130±4 v. 157±2 mmHg), HR (357±10 v. 428±14 bpm), sympathetic modulation to vessels (2.3±0.56 v. 6±0.84 mmHg2) and LF/HF ratio (0.15±0.01 v. 0.7±0.2) than C. These findings suggest that a western diet during pregnancy and lactation leads to overweight associated with autonomic misbalance and hypertension in adulthood.
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Miranda RA, Torrezan R, de Oliveira JC, Barella LF, da Silva Franco CC, Lisboa PC, Moura EG, Mathias PCF. HPA axis and vagus nervous function are involved in impaired insulin secretion of MSG-obese rats. J Endocrinol 2016; 230:27-38. [PMID: 27113853 DOI: 10.1530/joe-15-0467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Neuroendocrine dysfunctions such as the hyperactivity of the vagus nerve and hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis greatly contribute to obesity and hyperinsulinemia; however, little is known about these dysfunctions in the pancreatic β-cells of obese individuals. We used a hypothalamic-obesity model obtained by neonatal treatment with monosodium l-glutamate (MSG) to induce obesity. To assess the role of the HPA axis and vagal tonus in the genesis of hypercorticosteronemia and hyperinsulinemia in an adult MSG-obese rat model, bilateral adrenalectomy (ADX) and subdiaphragmatic vagotomy (VAG) alone or combined surgeries (ADX-VAG) were performed. To study glucose-induced insulin secretion (GIIS) and the cholinergic insulinotropic process, pancreatic islets were incubated with different glucose concentrations with or without oxotremorine-M, a selective agonist of the M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M3AChR) subtype. Protein expression of M3AChR in pancreatic islets, corticosteronemia, and vagus nerve activity was also evaluated. Surgeries reduced 80% of the body weight gain. Fasting glucose and insulin were reduced both by ADX and ADX-VAG, whereas VAG was only associated with hyperglycemia. The serum insulin post-glucose stimulation was lower in all animals that underwent an operation. Vagal activity was decreased by 50% in ADX rats. In the highest glucose concentration, both surgeries reduced GIIS by 50%, whereas ADX-VAG decreased by 70%. Additionally, M3AChR activity was recovered by the individual surgeries. M3AChR protein expression was reduced by ADX. Both the adrenal gland and vagus nerve contribute to the hyperinsulinemia in the MSG model, although adrenal is more crucial as it appears to modulate parasympathetic activity and M3AChR expression in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosiane A Miranda
- Department of BiotechnologyGenetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics InstituteFederal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rosana Torrezan
- Department of Physiological SciencesState University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Júlio C de Oliveira
- Institute of Health SciencesFederal University of Mato Grosso, Sinop, Brazil
| | - Luiz F Barella
- Molecular Signalling SectionLaboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Patrícia C Lisboa
- Department of Physiological SciencesRoberto Alcântara Gomes Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Egberto G Moura
- Department of Physiological SciencesRoberto Alcântara Gomes Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paulo C F Mathias
- Department of BiotechnologyGenetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
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Ariza D, Lopes FNC, Crestani CC, Martins-Pinge MC. Chemoreflex and baroreflex alterations in Parkinsonism induced by 6-OHDA in unanesthetized rats. Neurosci Lett 2015; 607:77-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2015.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Losurdo P, Grillo A, Panizon E, Zanetti M, Bardelli M, Biolo G, Fabris B, Carretta R. Baroreflex sensitivity and central hemodynamics after omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids supplementation in an animal model of menopause. Vascul Pharmacol 2015; 71:65-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2014.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2014] [Revised: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Perinatal Positive and Negative Influences on the Early Neurobehavioral Reflex and Motor Development. PERINATAL PROGRAMMING OF NEURODEVELOPMENT 2015; 10:149-67. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-1372-5_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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16
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Ariza D, Sisdeli L, Crestani CC, Fazan R, Martins-Pinge MC. Dysautonomias in Parkinson's disease: cardiovascular changes and autonomic modulation in conscious rats after infusion of bilateral 6-OHDA in substantia nigra. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2014; 308:H250-7. [PMID: 25416189 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00406.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
It is important to elucidate the mechanism of dysautonomias in patients with Parkinson's disease; therefore, this study aimed to investigate the cardiovascular and autonomic changes that occur in an animal model of Parkinsonism. Adult male Wistar rats were anesthetized before bilateral microinfusions of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) into the substantia nigra. The sham group underwent the same surgical procedure but received vehicle. After 7 days, the mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were measured, and various drugs were injected into conscious rats through cannulas previously implanted in the femoral artery and vein. Spectral analyses of systolic arterial pressure (SAP) and pulse interval (PI) were conducted with the CardioSeries software as the spontaneous baroreflex gain and effectivity. The animals were subjected to α-, β-adrenergic, or muscarinic receptor antagonism. For confirmation of the lesion, the levels of dopamine in the striatum were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography. Animals that underwent 6-OHDA microinfusion had lower MAP and HR compared with those in the sham group. Spectral analysis of SAP showed that 6-OHDA animals exhibited a decrease in the sympathetic component. The PI values did not differ between groups. After the administration of muscarinic and β-adrenergic antagonists, the cardiovascular measures did not differ between the groups. However, upon administration of the α-adrenergic antagonist, the 6-OHDA animals exhibited a lower decrease in the MAP. We report cardiovascular impairments in 6-OHDA animals, possibly due to decreased sympathetic activity. Determination of the origin of these changes (central or peripheral) requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ariza
- Department of Physiological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - L Sisdeli
- Department of Physiological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - C C Crestani
- Department of Natural Active Principles and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University Paulista-UNESP, Araraquara, SP, Brazil; and
| | - R Fazan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - M C Martins-Pinge
- Department of Physiological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil;
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da Cunha NV, Pinge-Filho P, Panis C, Silva BR, Pernomian L, Grando MD, Cecchini R, Bendhack LM, Martins-Pinge MC. Decreased endothelial nitric oxide, systemic oxidative stress, and increased sympathetic modulation contribute to hypertension in obese rats. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2014; 306:H1472-80. [PMID: 24633548 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00520.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the involvement of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) on autonomic cardiovascular parameters, vascular reactivity, and endothelial cells isolated from aorta of monosodium glutamate (MSG) obese rats. Obesity was induced by administration of 4 mg/g body wt of MSG or equimolar saline [control (CTR)] to newborn rats. At the 60th day, the treatment was started with N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 20 mg/kg) or 0.9% saline. At the 90th day, after artery catheterization, mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate were recorded. Plasma was collected to assess lipid peroxidation. Endothelial cells isolated from aorta were evaluated by flow cytometry and fluorescence intensity (FI) emitted by NO-sensitive dye [4,5-diaminofluoresceindiacetate (DAF-2DA)] and by ROS-sensitive dye [dihydroethidium (DHE)]. Vascular reactivity was made by concentration-response curves of acetylcholine. MSG showed hypertension compared with CTR. Treatment with L-NAME increased MAP only in CTR. The MSG induced an increase in the low-frequency (LF) band and a decrease in the high-frequency band of pulse interval. L-NAME treatment increased the LF band of systolic arterial pressure only in CTR without changes in MSG. Lipid peroxidation levels were higher in MSG and were attenuated after L-NAME. In endothelial cells, basal FI to DAF was higher in CTR than in MSG. In both groups, acetylcholine increased FI for DAF from basal. The FI baseline to DHE was higher in MSG than in CTR. Acetylcholine increased FI to DHE in the CTR group, but decreased in MSG animals. We suggest that reduced NO production and increased production of ROS may contribute to hypertension in obese MSG animals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Phileno Pinge-Filho
- Department of Pathological Sciences State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR
| | - Carolina Panis
- Department of Pathological Sciences State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR
| | - Bruno Rodrigues Silva
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; and
| | - Laena Pernomian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; and
| | - Marcella Daruge Grando
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Physics and Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Rubens Cecchini
- Department of Pathological Sciences State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR
| | - Lusiane Maria Bendhack
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Physics and Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Cruz F, Alves F, Leão R, Planeta C, Crestani C. Role of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis in cardiovascular changes following chronic treatment with cocaine and testosterone: A role beyond drug seeking in addiction? Neuroscience 2013; 253:29-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Revised: 08/13/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Saint Martin M, Sforza E, Thomas-Anterion C, Barthélémy JC, Roche F. Baroreflex sensitivity, vascular risk factors, and cognitive function in a healthy elderly population: the PROOF cohort. J Am Geriatr Soc 2013; 61:2096-2102. [PMID: 24279643 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.12548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the role of the cardiac autonomic nervous system (ANS), as measured according to spontaneous cardiac baroreflex sensitivity (BRS), in the type and degree of cognitive performance in healthy young-elderly individuals, taking into account the presence of other vascular risk factors. DESIGN Community-based cross-sectional study. SETTING In-home and clinical settings. PARTICIPANTS A subset of participants, aged 66.9±0.9, from a prospective study that aimed to assess the influence of ANS activity on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular morbidity and mortality (N=916). MEASUREMENTS All subjects underwent a clinical interview, neuropsychological testing, and autonomic and vascular measurements. Three cognitive domains were defined: attentional (Trail-Making Test Part A, Stroop code and parts I & II), executive (Trail-Making Test Part B, Stroop part III, verbal fluency and similarity tests), and memory (Benton visual retention test, Grober and Buschké procedure). Subjects were stratified according to their scores into normal, low, and impaired performers. RESULTS After adjustments to demographic and vascular data, participants with moderate autonomic dysregulation (3<BRS≤6) were determined to be 1.82 times as likely to have memory impairment (odds ratio (OR)=1.82, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.13-3.17, P=.02) and those with severe autonomic dysregulation (BRS≤3) to be 2.65 as likely (OR=2.65, 95% CI=1.40-5.59, P=.006) as participants with normal BRS (>6). CONCLUSION In older individuals without dementia, autonomic dysregulation seems to have a direct, gradual, and independent effect on memory. Future studies are needed to evaluate the long-term effects of BRS and other markers of the ANS on cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magali Saint Martin
- Département de Physiologie Clinique et de l'Exercice, Pôle Neuro-OstéoLocomoteur, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire, Saint-Étienne, France.,Faculté de Médicine de Saint-Etienne, Université Jean Moulin, Saint-Étienne, France.,Pôle de Recherche et d'Enseignement Supérieur, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Laboratoire des Mécanismes Cognitifs, Université de Lyon 2, Lyon, France
| | - Emilia Sforza
- Département de Physiologie Clinique et de l'Exercice, Pôle Neuro-OstéoLocomoteur, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire, Saint-Étienne, France.,Faculté de Médicine de Saint-Etienne, Université Jean Moulin, Saint-Étienne, France.,Pôle de Recherche et d'Enseignement Supérieur, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | | | - Jean Claude Barthélémy
- Département de Physiologie Clinique et de l'Exercice, Pôle Neuro-OstéoLocomoteur, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire, Saint-Étienne, France.,Faculté de Médicine de Saint-Etienne, Université Jean Moulin, Saint-Étienne, France.,Pôle de Recherche et d'Enseignement Supérieur, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Frédéric Roche
- Département de Physiologie Clinique et de l'Exercice, Pôle Neuro-OstéoLocomoteur, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire, Saint-Étienne, France.,Faculté de Médicine de Saint-Etienne, Université Jean Moulin, Saint-Étienne, France.,Pôle de Recherche et d'Enseignement Supérieur, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
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