1
|
Wu W, Jian Y, Yuan S, Li X, Tang Y, Zeng F, Liu W, Zhao Z, Wang Y, Wang Y, Liu W. Exercise-promoted adiponectin secretion activates autolysosomes to protect the liver of ApoE -/- mice from a high-fat diet. Food Funct 2024; 15:9796-9812. [PMID: 39229645 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo02984d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Fat is a "double-edged sword": while it is a necessary substance for the body, the long-term intake of excessive fat will cause obesity, with the liver subjected to lipotoxicity as it accumulates. It will then continue to deteriorate, eventually leading to liver failure, which is a negative impact of high-fat food intake. Research has shown that exercise can reverse the side effects of a chronic high-fat diet and help the body to mitigate the harmful effects of lipotoxicity. In our study, it was found that moderate-intensity cardio-training (MICT) and high-intensity interval exercise (HIIT) effectively protected the livers of high-fat diet (HFD) ApoE-/- mice against lipotoxicity. Previous results demonstrated that 12 weeks of HFD resulted in a significant elevation of CD36 in the livers of C57BL/6J mice, while knockdown of CD36 did not reduce the accumulation of fat in the liver. Therefore, we used ApoE-/- mice as experimental subjects. Although HFD caused the development of hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis, it is interesting to note that, due to the knockdown of ApoE, the livers of ApoE-/- mice in the non-exercise group did not show significant lipid deposition; however, after 12 weeks of MICT and HIIT, the livers of ApoE-/- mice showed significant lipid deposition. After we analyzed the lipid metabolism in their livers, we found that this was caused by the promotion of transport of peripheral fat into the liver due to exercise. Moreover, 12 weeks of exercise effectively reduced atherosclerosis, and the livers of ApoE-/- mice in the exercise group were not damaged by lipotoxicity. The results showed that a 12-week exercise treatment activated AMPK in the livers of HFD ApoE-/- mice through the APN-AdipoR1 signaling pathway, improved hepatic lipid metabolism disorders, and promoted the nuclear translocation of TFEB to enhance autophagic-lysosomal lipid scavenging. After the peripheral lipid is input into the liver due to exercise, the energy generated through gluconeogenesis can be used to replenish the energy consumed by exercise and maintain the normal operation of various functions in the liver, based on which the high autophagic flux in the liver can be maintained and the lipid clearance rate can be enhanced to protect the liver from lipotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weijia Wu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Sports Rehabilitation, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410012, China
| | - Ye Jian
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Sports Rehabilitation, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410012, China
| | - Shunling Yuan
- Yangtze University, College of Arts and Sciences, Jingzhou 434020, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Sports Rehabilitation, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410012, China
| | - Yingzhe Tang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Sports Rehabilitation, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410012, China
| | - Fanqi Zeng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Sports Rehabilitation, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410012, China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Sports Rehabilitation, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410012, China
| | - Zhe Zhao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Sports Rehabilitation, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410012, China
| | - Yirong Wang
- Hunan Sports Vocational College, Changsha 410019, China
| | - Yiyang Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Sports Rehabilitation, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410012, China
| | - Wenfeng Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Sports Rehabilitation, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410012, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rapps K, Weller A, Meiri N. Epigenetic Regulation is involved in Reversal of Obesity. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024:105906. [PMID: 39343077 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Revised: 09/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/23/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Epigenetic processes play a crucial role in mediating the impact of environmental energetic challenges, from overconsumption to starvation. Over-nutrition of energy-dense foods and sedentary lifestyles contribute to the development of obesity, characterized by excessive fat storage and impaired metabolic signaling, stemming from disrupted brain signaling. Conversely, dieting and physical activity facilitate body weight rebalancing and trigger adaptive neural responses. These adaptations involve the upregulation of neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity and optimized brain function and energy homeostasis, balanced hormone signaling, normal metabolism, and reduced inflammation. The transition of the brain from a maladaptive to an adaptive state is partially guided by epigenetic mechanisms. While epigenetic mechanisms underlying obesity-related brain changes have been described, their role in mediating the reversal of maladaptation/obesity through lifestyle interventions remains less explored. This review focuses on elucidating epigenetic mechanisms involved in hypothalamic adaptations induced by lifestyle interventions. Given that lifestyle interventions are widely prescribed and accessible approaches for weight loss and maintenance, it is our challenge to uncover epigenetic mechanisms moderating these hypothalamic-functional beneficial changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kayla Rapps
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel; Institute of Animal Science, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel; Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Aron Weller
- Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel; Department of Psychology, Bar Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Noam Meiri
- Institute of Animal Science, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sasaki T, Sugiyama M, Kuno M, Miyata T, Kobayashi T, Yasuda Y, Onoue T, Takagi H, Hagiwara D, Iwama S, Suga H, Banno R, Arima H. Voluntary exercise suppresses inflammation and improves insulin resistance in the arcuate nucleus and ventral tegmental area in mice on a high-fat diet. Physiol Behav 2024; 287:114703. [PMID: 39342979 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2024] [Revised: 09/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
A high-fat diet (HFD) causes inflammation with an increase in microglial activity in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) and ventral tegmental area (VTA), resulting in insulin resistance in both regions. This leads to a deterioration in glucose and energy metabolism. The effect of voluntary exercise on HFD-induced inflammation in the central nervous system (CNS) remains unclear. To clarify the effects of voluntary exercise on the CNS, 8-week-old male C57BL6 mice were fed a chow diet (CHD) or HFD for 4 weeks; each group was further divided into running exercise (EX+) on a wheel and no exercise (EX-) groups. The expression of the inflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), in the ARC and VTA was significantly increased in the HFD/EX- group, with an increase of microglial activity noted, compared to the CHD/EX- group. The expression of TNFα was significantly suppressed, with a decrease of microglial activity, in the HFD/EX+ compared to HFD/EX- group. Insulin resistance in the ARC and VTA was improved with the suppression of TNFα expression. The HFD/EX- group showed significant weight gain and impaired glucose metabolism compared to the CHD/EX- group. The HFD/EX+ group showed an improvement in glucose and energy metabolism compared to the HFD/EX- group. In addition, voluntary wheel running suppressed HFD-induced inflammation in the ARC, with a decrease in microglial activity observed independently of weight changes. Our data suggest that voluntary exercise prevents obesity and improves glucose metabolism by suppressing inflammation in the ARC and VTA under HFD conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Sasaki
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Mariko Sugiyama
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
| | - Mitsuhiro Kuno
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Takashi Miyata
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kobayashi
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Yasuda
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Takeshi Onoue
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takagi
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8602, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hagiwara
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Shintaro Iwama
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Suga
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Banno
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; Research Center of Health, Physical Fitness and Sports, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Arima
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lingvay I, Cohen RV, Roux CWL, Sumithran P. Obesity in adults. Lancet 2024; 404:972-987. [PMID: 39159652 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(24)01210-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
Obesity has increased in prevalence worldwide and WHO has declared it a global epidemic. Population-level preventive interventions have been insufficient to slow down this trajectory. Obesity is a complex, heterogeneous, chronic, and progressive disease, which substantially affects health, quality of life, and mortality. Lifestyle and behavioural interventions are key components of obesity management; however, when used alone, they provide substantial and durable response in a minority of people. Bariatric (metabolic) surgery remains the most effective and durable treatment, with proven benefits beyond weight loss, including for cardiovascular and renal health, and decreased rates of obesity-related cancers and mortality. Considerable progress has been made in the development of pharmacological agents that approach the weight loss efficacy of metabolic surgery, and relevant outcome data related to these agents' use are accumulating. However, all treatment approaches to obesity have been vastly underutilised.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ildiko Lingvay
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Peter O'Donnel Jr School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | - Ricardo V Cohen
- The Center for Obesity and Diabetes, Oswaldo Cruz German Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carel W le Roux
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, Conway Institute, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Diabetes Research Centre, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
| | - Priya Sumithran
- Department of Surgery, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
de Pedro-Jiménez D, de Diego-Cordero R, Vargas-Martínez AM, Raya-Cano E, Molina-Luque R, Romero-Saldaña M. Physical Inactivity Increases Impairment of Daily Activities Due to Pain in Workers: An Ordinal Regression Logistic and Correspondence Analysis. Workplace Health Saf 2024; 72:384-391. [PMID: 39066608 DOI: 10.1177/21650799241259148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Background: The evidence for the health benefits of physical activity is growing; however, the prevalence of unhealthy lifestyles continues to contribute to the increase in chronic non-communicable diseases. We know that occupational-time physical activity does not provide the same benefits as leisure-time physical activity, which has been shown to reduce mortality and pain. We also know that multiple factors influence pain; however, there are no studies that specifically analyze the impact of type of working time and occupational-time physical activity on the impairment of daily activities due to pain. We aimed to study the influence of both personal and occupational factors on the impairment of daily activities due to pain, assessing whether leisure-time physical activity acts as a protective factor. Methods: A cross-sectional, population-based design was used based on the 2017 National Health Survey in Spain (ENSE). Sociodemographic, leisure-time physical activity, and work-related variables were collected. The outcome variable was the impairment of daily activities due to pain. Ordinal logistic regression was applied, and the analysis was complemented with simple correspondence analysis. Results: A total of 1,441 workers between 18 and 65 years of age were studied. Significant differences were found between sexes for all variables except age and leisure-time physical activity. Logistic regression revealed significant associations between sex, primary and secondary education levels, no leisure-time physical activity, and overweight with impairment of daily activities due to pain. Simple correspondence analysis showed that the categories doing leisure-time physical activity several times a week as well as several times a month are closer to the categories of little or no pain. Conclusion: Female gender, low educational level, overweight, and lack of leisure-time physical activity were associated with increases in impairment of daily activities due to pain. Occupational-time physical activity and work shift were not related to impairment of daily activities due to pain. Implications for Occupational Health Practice: Occupational Health Nursing interventions through education and counseling on the importance of leisure-time physical activity promotion programs potentially can reduce the impairment of daily activities due to pain in working populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ana Magdalena Vargas-Martínez
- Departamento de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Terapia Ocupacional, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha
| | - Elena Raya-Cano
- Departamento de Enfermería, Farmacología y Fisioterapia, Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, Universidad de Córdoba
| | - Rafael Molina-Luque
- Grupo Asociado de Investigación GA16 Estilos de vida, Tecnología y salud, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Departamento de Enfermería, Farmacología y Fisioterapia, Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, Universidad de Córdoba
| | - Manuel Romero-Saldaña
- Grupo Asociado de Investigación GA16 Estilos de vida, Tecnología y salud, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Departamento de Enfermería, Farmacología y Fisioterapia, Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, Universidad de Córdoba
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Khattab R. Weight Loss Programs: Why Do They Fail? A Multidimensional Approach for Obesity Management. Curr Nutr Rep 2024; 13:478-499. [PMID: 38861120 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-024-00551-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Despite the prevalence of weight loss programs, their success rates remain discouraging, with around half of individuals regaining lost weight within two years. The primary objective of this review is to explore the factors contributing to the failure of weight loss programs and to provide insights into effective weight management strategies. RECENT FINDINGS Factors contributing to the failure of weight loss programs include the impracticality of restrictive diets, potential metabolic impacts, limited focus on lifestyle changes, genetic predispositions, psychological influences, socioeconomic status, and medical conditions. A holistic approach considering these factors is crucial for safe and sustainable weight loss. Key findings indicate the importance of holistic approaches to weight management, including lifestyle modifications, medical interventions, and behavioral and psychological strategies. Effective weight loss strategies emphasize low-calorie, nutrient-rich diets, regular physical activity, and interventions tailored to individual needs. Combining multiple approaches offers the best chance of successful weight management and improved health outcomes. This review provides insights into the complexities of obesity management and the factors contributing to the failure of weight loss programs. It highlights the necessity of adopting a holistic approach that addresses dietary habits, physical activity, genetic factors, psychological well-being, and socioeconomic influences. Recommendations include implementing lifestyle modifications, medical interventions when necessary, and integrating behavioral and psychological support to achieve sustainable weight loss and mitigate the global health challenge posed by obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rabie Khattab
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Franco-García JM, Denche-Zamorano Á, Carlos-Vivas J, Castillo-Paredes A, Mendoza-Holgado C, Pérez-Gómez J. Subjective Cognitive Impairment and Physical Activity: Investigating Risk Factors and Correlations among Older Adults in Spain. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2024; 9:150. [PMID: 39311258 PMCID: PMC11417891 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk9030150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Subjective cognitive impairment in older persons has a substantial influence on their quality of life and can progress to serious illnesses such as dementia. Physical activity level can help prevent cognitive decline and improve cognitive performance. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between frequency of physical activity and subjective cognitive impairment in Spanish adults aged 65 and over, and to identify different risk factors. Using data from the EHSS20 survey, the study focused on 7082 participants who provided information on cognitive impairment and physical activity. Key predictor variables included age, gender, BMI, marital status, and education level. A significant relationship was found between BMI category and gender, with 66.5% of the population being overweight or obese. Men were more likely to be overweight than women. Socio-demographic factors such as educational level, marital status, and physical activity frequency showed dependent associations with sex. Women had a higher prevalence of subjective cognitive impairment than men. A strong association was found between frequency of physical activity and subjective cognitive impairment, with inactive older people having the highest prevalence of subjective cognitive impairment. Older women who engage in little physical exercise and have less education are at risk for subjective cognitive impairment. Furthermore, for both men and women, being overweight was associated with a more reduced risk than obesity. Significant relationships were also discovered between subjective cognitive impairment, frequency of physical exercise, gender, BMI, and degree of education. In conclusion, older, sedentary women with high BMI and less education are more likely to experience subjective cognitive impairment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Manuel Franco-García
- Health Economy Motricity and Education (HEME) Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (J.M.F.-G.); (J.P.-G.)
| | - Ángel Denche-Zamorano
- Promoting a Healthy Society Research Group (PHeSO), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain;
| | - Jorge Carlos-Vivas
- Physical Activity for Education, Performance and Health (PAEPH) Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain;
| | - Antonio Castillo-Paredes
- Grupo AFySE, Investigación en Actividad Física y Salud Escolar, Escuela de Pedagogía en Educación Física, Facultad de Educación, Universidad de Las Américas, Santiago 8370040, Chile
| | - Cristina Mendoza-Holgado
- Social Impact and Innovation in Health (InHEALTH), Faculty of nursing and Occupational Therapy, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain;
| | - Jorge Pérez-Gómez
- Health Economy Motricity and Education (HEME) Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (J.M.F.-G.); (J.P.-G.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li C, Li J, Zhou Q, Wang C, Hu J, Liu C. Effects of Physical Exercise on the Microbiota in Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Nutrients 2024; 16:2657. [PMID: 39203794 PMCID: PMC11356817 DOI: 10.3390/nu16162657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, and constipation. Recent studies have underscored the significant role of the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of IBS. Physical exercise, as a non-pharmacological intervention, has been proposed to alleviate IBS symptoms by modulating the gut microbiota. Aerobic exercise, such as running, swimming, and cycling, has been shown to enhance the diversity and abundance of beneficial gut bacteria, including Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. These bacteria produce short-chain fatty acids that possess anti-inflammatory properties and support gut barrier integrity. Studies involving IBS patients participating in structured aerobic exercise programs have reported significant improvements in their gut microbiota's composition and diversity, alongside an alleviation of symptoms like abdominal pain and bloating. Additionally, exercise positively influences mental health by reducing stress and improving mood, which can further relieve IBS symptoms via the gut-brain axis. Long-term exercise interventions provide sustained benefits, maintaining the gut microbiota's diversity and stability, supporting immune functions, and reducing systemic inflammation. However, exercise programs must be tailored to individual needs to avoid exacerbating IBS symptoms. Personalized exercise plans starting with low-to-moderate intensity and gradually increasing in intensity can maximize the benefits and minimize risks. This review examines the impact of various types and intensities of physical exercise on the gut microbiota in IBS patients, highlighting the need for further studies to explore optimal exercise protocols. Future research should include larger sample sizes, longer follow-up periods, and examine the synergistic effects of exercise and other lifestyle modifications. Integrating physical exercise into comprehensive IBS management plans can enhance symptom control and improve patients' quality of life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunpeng Li
- Russian Sports University, Moscow 105122, Russia;
| | - Jianmin Li
- School of Tai Chi Culture Handan University, Handan 056005, China;
| | - Qiaorui Zhou
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Q.Z.); (C.W.)
| | - Can Wang
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Q.Z.); (C.W.)
| | - Jiahui Hu
- Moscow State Normal University, Moscow 127051, Russia
| | - Chang Liu
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Palacios S, Chedraui P, Sanchez-Borrego R, Coronado P, Simoncini T, Schauding K, Hillard T, Nappi RE. Management of obesity in menopause. Climacteric 2024; 27:357-363. [PMID: 39016333 DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2024.2374760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of obesity imposes significant health challenges, particularly in women undergoing menopause. Effective obesity management is essential to mitigate associated comorbidities and improve quality of life. The pillars of obesity treatment encompass lifestyle modifications, pharmacotherapy and surgical interventions. Pharmacotherapy may be considered for women who do not achieve adequate weight loss through lifestyle changes alone and have obesity or overweight with risk factors. Bariatric surgery is reserved for individuals with severe obesity or those with obesity-related complications. During menopause, hormonal changes contribute to weight gain and fat redistribution, complicating obesity management. Tailored treatment strategies are necessary to address the unique challenges faced by this population. The role of physicians and gynecologists is pivotal in the multidisciplinary approach to obesity management during menopause. Gynecologists are often the primary health-care providers for menopausal women and are in a unique position to offer guidance on weight management. They can provide personalized counseling, coordinate with nutritionists, endocrinologists and bariatric specialists, and monitor the effects of obesity and its treatment on reproductive health. By integrating obesity management into routine gynecological care, gynecologists can significantly impact the overall health and well-being of menopausal women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter Chedraui
- Escuela de Postgrado en Salud, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Samborondón, Ecuador
| | | | - Pluvio Coronado
- Women's Health Institute, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, IdISSC, School of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tommaso Simoncini
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Katrin Schauding
- Hormone Hamburg, Practice for Gynecological Endocrinology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tim Hillard
- Poole Menopause Centre, University Hospitals Dorset, Poole, UK
| | - Rossella E Nappi
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Research Center for Reproductive Medicine, Gynecological Endocrinology and Menopause, IRCCS San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang Y, Hu J, Shen H, Liu C, Yang L. Crosstalk between skeletal muscle ratio and cholesterol metabolism disorders: a cross-section study. BMC Endocr Disord 2024; 24:123. [PMID: 39044230 PMCID: PMC11267780 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-024-01660-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysfunction of cholesterol metabolism may be associated with low skeletal muscle mass. This study aimed to explore the relationship between skeletal muscle mass and cholesterol metabolic disorders in adults. METHODS The data of a total of 5949 people with complete medical history data, biochemical data and body composition analysis were recruited. According to the serum cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and nonHDL, the population was divided into a disorder group and a normal group. Independent sample t tests, chi-square tests, Pearson's correlation analyses and binary logistic regression analyses were used to study the effect of body composition on abnormal cholesterol metabolism. According to BMI and sex, the population was divided into different subgroups, and binary logistic regression analysis was used to study the effect of the skeletal mass ratio on cholesteral metabolic disorders in different subgroups. RESULTS There were significant differences in sex, alcohol consumption, body weight, BMI, skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) [total skeletal muscle mass (kg)/height 2 (m2)] and skeletal muscle mass ratio (SMR) [total skeletal muscle mass (kg)/weight (kg) *100] between the disorder group (hypercholesterolemia, hyper-LDL, lower-HDL and hyper-nonHDL) and the normal group. Pearson correlation analysis revealed that the SMR was negatively correlated, while the SMI was positively correlated with cholesterol metabolic disorders in both sexes. The overweight group was older and had a greater SMI, abnormal cholesteral metabolism ratio and lower SMR than the normal-weight group. In the normal-weight group, the SMR was an independent protective factor against different kinds of cholesteral metabolic disorders in both sexes, while the SMI was a risk factor. In the overweight subgroup, the protective effect on HDL and nonHDL metabolism remained in the male subgroup but disappeared in the female subgroup. However, the SMI was an independent risk factor for different kinds of cholesteral metabolic disorders in both sexes. CONCLUSIONS SMR was an independent protective factor against cholesterol metabolic disorders in both males and females, especially in the normal weight group. SMI was an independent risk factor, especially in the overweight group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunle Wang
- Geriatrics Department, Shanghai Health and Medical Center, 67 Dajishan, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214000, China
| | - Jun Hu
- Health Care Center, Shanghai Health and Medical Center, Wuxi, China
| | - Hui Shen
- Nutritional Department, Shanghai Health and Medical Center, Wuxi, China
| | - Chunxing Liu
- Medical Laboratory Department, Shanghai Health and Medical Center, Wuxi, China
| | - Lijuan Yang
- Geriatrics Department, Shanghai Health and Medical Center, 67 Dajishan, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hahn H, Friedel M, Niessner C, Zipfel S, Mack I. Impact of physical activity on caloric and macronutrient intake in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2024; 21:76. [PMID: 39010114 PMCID: PMC11247817 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-024-01620-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity is widely promoted to maintain and improve health across all ages. Investigating how physical activity affects subsequent food intake provides insight into the factors that contribute to maintaining energy balance and effective weight management. OBJECTIVE This systematic review and meta-analysis summarizes the evidence on the effect of acute physical activity on subsequent food intake in children and adolescents. METHODS The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines (PRISMA) were applied. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) objectively measuring post-exercise energy intake in children and adolescents aged 5 to 18 years were included. Studies with self-reported food intake were excluded. The databases PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane Library were searched for RCTs, and the data were summarized at a qualitative and quantitative level. Version 2 of the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials was used to assess risk of bias. Changes in energy intake were examined with random effects meta-analysis. (PROSPERO: CRD42022324259). RESULTS Out of 9582 studies, 22 RCTs with cross-over design remained eligible for meta-analysis. The primary outcome was post-intervention energy intake up to the next 24 h. Heterogeneity of studies was moderate, with an I2 of 57%. The median (interquartile range, IQR) energy expended while exercising was 240 (158) kcal. Meta-analysis of 41 study arms (exercise n = 780 and control n = 478) showed no differences in total energy intake between the exercise and control group with a mean difference MD = 23.31 [-27.54, 74.15] kcal. No subgroup differences were found. Macronutrient intake and appetite sensations where not substantially affected. CONCLUSION Engaging in exercise is a suitable means of raising activity-induced energy expenditure, without causing any noticeable changes in food intake or hunger within a single day.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heiko Hahn
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Hospital Tübingen, Osianderstr. 5, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Manuel Friedel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Hospital Tübingen, Osianderstr. 5, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Claudia Niessner
- Institute of Sports and Sport Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 15, Karlsruhe, 76131, Germany
| | - Stephan Zipfel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Hospital Tübingen, Osianderstr. 5, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Isabelle Mack
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Hospital Tübingen, Osianderstr. 5, Tübingen, 72076, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Sivakumar S, Lama D, Rabhi N. Childhood obesity from the genes to the epigenome. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1393250. [PMID: 39045266 PMCID: PMC11263020 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1393250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity and its associated comorbidities has surged dramatically in recent decades. Especially concerning is the increased rate of childhood obesity, resulting in diseases traditionally associated only with adulthood. While obesity fundamentally arises from energy imbalance, emerging evidence over the past decade has revealed the involvement of additional factors. Epidemiological and murine studies have provided extensive evidence linking parental obesity to increased offspring weight and subsequent cardiometabolic complications in adulthood. Offspring exposed to an obese environment during conception, pregnancy, and/or lactation often exhibit increased body weight and long-term metabolic health issues, suggesting a transgenerational inheritance of disease susceptibility through epigenetic mechanisms rather than solely classic genetic mutations. In this review, we explore the current understanding of the mechanisms mediating transgenerational and intergenerational transmission of obesity. We delve into recent findings regarding both paternal and maternal obesity, shedding light on the underlying mechanisms and potential sex differences in offspring outcomes. A deeper understanding of the mechanisms behind obesity inheritance holds promise for enhancing clinical management strategies in offspring and breaking the cycle of increased metabolic risk across generations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nabil Rabhi
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Adenuga AT, Salu IK, Bello UM, Okaro A. Obesity and the Need for Bariatric Surgery in Nigeria: A Review. Niger Postgrad Med J 2024; 31:207-212. [PMID: 39219342 DOI: 10.4103/npmj.npmj_157_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Obesity was mainly regarded as a disease of developed countries, but currently there is a growing rise in the population of patients with obesity in developing countries of Africa. A body mass index of 30 kg/m2 or higher is regarded as obesity, and this may be associated with comorbidities such as metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, orthopaedic and psychiatric conditions, and cancer. There is conclusive scientific evidence that shows that obesity is caused by complex psychosocial, genetic and environmental factors. Diet and exercise are not effective as sole management of severe obesity. Bariatric surgery is the most cost-effective definitive treatment for all classes of obesity, and the associated weight reduction causes improvement or complete resolution of obesity-associated comorbidity, improves the quality of life and reduces all-cause mortality. It is estimated that about 15% of adults in Nigeria are obese, and in the year 2023, it was reported that only 214 bariatric procedures were done locally, with 134 (62.6%) being gastric balloon insertions, 75 (35.1%) primary weight loss surgeries and 5 revisional surgeries (2.3%). In this article, we discussed the existing weight loss options in Nigeria, the current state of bariatric surgery and the need to improve the practice of bariatric surgery for obese Nigerians and complications of obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Abuchi Okaro
- Department of Surgery, Euracare Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Pu M, Wang Q, Hui Y, Zhao A, Wei L, Chen L, Wang B. Untargeted metabolomics analysis of probiotic jujube juice and its anti-obesity effects on high-fat-diet-induced obese mice. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:4989-5000. [PMID: 38308575 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary intervention, including polyphenol consumption, is recognized as an effective strategy to prevent obesity. Although fermented jujube juice (FJJ) with lactic acid bacteria has been shown to be rich in polyphenols and have strong antioxidant properties, little is known about its anti-obesity properties. RESULTS Untargeted metabolomics was employed to identify and analyze the differential metabolites between FJJ and raw jujube juice. A total of 431 metabolites belonging to diverse classes and with various functional active ingredients were quantitatively identified. The animal experiments results showed that FJJ administration for 13 weeks significantly inhibited high-fat-diet-induced body and epididymal adipose weight gain, and improved the serum lipid parameters in obese mice. Additionally, DNA-sequencing results revealed that FJJ treatment increased Akkermansia abundance in the gut and changed the composition of fecal microbiota by decreasing the Firmicutes/Bacteroidota ratio and Helicobacter pylori abundance. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that FJJ contributes to regulating lipid accumulation and gut microbiota composition in high-fat-diet-induced obese mice, which helps to prevent obesity. Hence, FJJ has the potential to be a beneficial beverage for controlling obesity. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meixue Pu
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qi Wang
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuanyuan Hui
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Aiqing Zhao
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lusha Wei
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Li Chen
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bini Wang
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Rapps K, Marco A, Pe’er-Nissan H, Kisliouk T, Stemp G, Yadid G, Weller A, Meiri N. Exercise Rescues Obesogenic-Related Genes in the Female Hypothalamic Arcuate Nucleus: A Potential Role of miR-211 Modulation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7188. [PMID: 39000297 PMCID: PMC11241292 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a major public health concern that is associated with negative health outcomes. Exercise and dietary restriction are commonly recommended to prevent or combat obesity. This study investigates how voluntary exercise mitigates abnormal gene expression in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) of diet-induced obese (DIO) rats. Using a transcriptomic approach, novel genes in the ARC affected by voluntary wheel running were assessed alongside physiology, pharmacology, and bioinformatics analysis to evaluate the role of miR-211 in reversing obesity. Exercise curbed weight gain and fat mass, and restored ARC gene expression. High-fat diet (HFD) consumption can dysregulate satiety/hunger mechanisms in the ARC. Transcriptional clusters revealed that running altered gene expression patterns, including inflammation and cellular structure genes. To uncover regulatory mechanisms governing gene expression in DIO attenuation, we explored miR-211, which is implicated in systemic inflammation. Exercise ameliorated DIO overexpression of miR-211, demonstrating its pivotal role in regulating inflammation in the ARC. Further, in vivo central administration of miR-211-mimic affected the expression of immunity and cell cycle-related genes. By cross-referencing exercise-affected and miR-211-regulated genes, potential candidates for obesity reduction through exercise were identified. This research suggests that exercise may rescue obesity through gene expression changes mediated partially through miR-211.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kayla Rapps
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel; (K.R.); (H.P.-N.); (G.Y.)
- Institute of Animal Science, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion 7528809, Israel;
- Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel; (G.S.); (A.W.)
| | - Asaf Marco
- Neuro-Epigenetics Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel;
| | - Hilla Pe’er-Nissan
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel; (K.R.); (H.P.-N.); (G.Y.)
- Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel; (G.S.); (A.W.)
| | - Tatiana Kisliouk
- Institute of Animal Science, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion 7528809, Israel;
| | - Gabrielle Stemp
- Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel; (G.S.); (A.W.)
| | - Gal Yadid
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel; (K.R.); (H.P.-N.); (G.Y.)
- Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel; (G.S.); (A.W.)
| | - Aron Weller
- Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel; (G.S.); (A.W.)
- Department of Psychology, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Noam Meiri
- Institute of Animal Science, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion 7528809, Israel;
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang H, He W, Yang G, Zhu L, Liu X. The Impact of Weight Cycling on Health and Obesity. Metabolites 2024; 14:344. [PMID: 38921478 PMCID: PMC11205792 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14060344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a systemic and chronic inflammation, which seriously endangers people's health. People tend to diet to control weight, and the short-term effect of dieting in losing weight is significant, but the prognosis is limited. With weight loss and recovery occurring frequently, people focus on weight cycling. The effect of weight cycling on a certain tissue of the body also has different conclusions. Therefore, this article systematically reviews the effects of body weight cycling on the body and finds that multiple weight cycling (1) increased fat deposition in central areas, lean mass decreased in weight loss period, and fat mass increased in weight recovery period, which harms body composition and skeletal muscle mass; (2) enhanced the inflammatory response of adipose tissue, macrophages infiltrated into adipose tissue, and increased the production of pro-inflammatory mediators in adipocytes; (3) blood glucose concentration mutation and hyperinsulinemia caused the increase or decrease in pancreatic β-cell population, which makes β-cell fatigue and leads to β-cell failure; (4) resulted in additional burden on the cardiovascular system because of cardiovascular rick escalation. Physical activity combined with calorie restriction can effectively reduce metabolic disease and chronic inflammation, alleviating the adverse effects of weight cycling on the body.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wang
- Graduate School, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China; (H.W.); (W.H.); (G.Y.)
| | - Wenbi He
- Graduate School, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China; (H.W.); (W.H.); (G.Y.)
| | - Gaoyuan Yang
- Graduate School, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China; (H.W.); (W.H.); (G.Y.)
| | - Lin Zhu
- Graduate School, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China; (H.W.); (W.H.); (G.Y.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health Promotion, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China
| | - Xiaoguang Liu
- Graduate School, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China; (H.W.); (W.H.); (G.Y.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health Promotion, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Allison KC, Parnarouskis L, Moore MD, Minnick AM. Insomnia, Short Sleep, and Their Treatments: Review of Their Associations with Weight. Curr Obes Rep 2024; 13:203-213. [PMID: 38776004 PMCID: PMC11150288 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-024-00570-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Insomnia and short sleep have been linked with weight gain and obesity. However, these findings have not been consistent across studies. We review recent evidence for the association between insomnia, short sleep, and weight gain, as well as the relationship between behavioral and pharmacological treatments for sleep and weight. RECENT FINDINGS The relationship between insomnia and obesity is mixed, with stronger associations between insomnia with short sleep and obesity than other presentations of insomnia. Short sleep is associated with weight gain. Z-drugs and benzodiazapines do not appear to impact weight, but many antidepressants and antipsychotics that are used for insomnia treatment do cause weight gain. The relationships between insomnia and short sleep with weight gain and obesity are inconsistent. More prospective trials are needed to identify mediators and moderators of this relationship to better develop and deliver effective interventions for both sleep and weight problems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly C Allison
- Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3535 Market Street, Suite 3029, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-3309, USA.
| | - Lindsey Parnarouskis
- Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3535 Market Street, Suite 3029, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-3309, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Molly D Moore
- Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3535 Market Street, Suite 3029, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-3309, USA
| | - Alyssa M Minnick
- Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3535 Market Street, Suite 3029, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-3309, USA
- InBody BWA, Audubon, PA, 19403, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Watanabe N, Inoue K, Hara H, Midorikawa M, Ohta M, Ohkura N. Randomised, double-blind, parallel group comparison of Ashitaba ( Angelica Keiskei) chalcone effects on visceral fat areas and waist circumference of overweight persons. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2024; 75:426-435. [PMID: 38557440 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2024.2334070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
This randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group study aimed to determine whether encapsulated Ashitaba chalcone (16 mg comprising 10.1 mg 4-hydroxyderricin and 5.9 mg xanthoangelol) could reduce obesity in 17 men and 25 women with a body mass index (BMI) of 25 to < 30. Participants ingested capsules containing either the chalcone or a placebo daily for 12 weeks. The primary endpoint was changes in visceral fat areas determined by computed tomography (CT) at baseline, and at 8 and 12 weeks later. The primary endpoint, abdominal visceral fat area, was significantly reduced in the chalcone, compared with a placebo group 12 weeks after screening (p < 0.05). The secondary endpoint, waist circumference, was significantly decreased in the chalcone, compared with the placebo group at weeks 8 and 12 (p < 0.05 at week 8; p < 0.01 at week 12). Therefore, Ashitaba chalcone has anti-obesity benefits for overweight men and women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Mitsuhiro Ohta
- Research Institute for Production Development, Kyoto, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Streb AR, Benedet J, Dutra RP, Corrêa LQ, Del Duca GF. Effect of Combined Physical Exercise Training in Reducing Cardiovascular Risk Among Adults with Obesity: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JOURNAL OF PREVENTION (2022) 2024; 45:377-389. [PMID: 38393547 DOI: 10.1007/s10935-024-00776-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
It is necessary to understand the relationship between different models of exercise periodization and the reduction of cardiovascular risk in adults with obesity. The aim of this study was to verify the effect of two periodization models of combined training on the cardiovascular risk of adults with obesity of both sexes. A randomized clinical trial was conducted with adults of both sexes with obesity. They were divided into three groups: control group (CG), non-periodized combined training group (NG), and combined training group with linear periodization (PG). The NG and PG groups underwent physical exercise training regimen for 16 weeks, in three weekly sessions of 60 min each, with the volume and intensity equalized. Cardiovascular risk was measured by the overall Framingham risk score (FRS). Generalized estimation equations and individual responsiveness analyses were used, stratified by sex. A statistically significant reduction in FRS was observed only in men of the NG (pre: 2.50 ± 0.56; post: 0.50 ± 1.02; p-value = 0.001). There was no statistically significant intervention effect on the women's cardiovascular risk. It was found that, regardless of sex, subjects in the control group mostly presented results of increased cardiovascular risk. In contrast, those belonging to the exercise groups, if not reduced, at least stabilized the chances of suffering a cardiovascular event in the next ten years after 16 weeks of combined training. Sixteen weeks of non-periodized combined training were sufficient to reduce cardiovascular risk in men with obesity. Both periodization models were important to stabilize the risk of developing a cardiovascular disease in the next 10 years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Ribeiro Streb
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brasil.
| | - Jucemar Benedet
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brasil
- Department of Physical Education - DEF, Sports Center - CDS, Federal University of Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brasil
| | - Rinelly Pazinato Dutra
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Research Group on Physical Activity and Public Health, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rua Visconde de Paranaguá, 102, Centro, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, 96200-190, Brasil
| | - Leandro Quadro Corrêa
- Physical Education Course, Research Group on Physical Activity and Public Health, Institute of Education, Federal University of Rio Grande, Av. Itália, s/n - km Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, 96203-900, Brasil
| | - Giovani Firpo Del Duca
- Department of Physical Education - DEF, Sports Center - CDS, Federal University of Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Huang YC, Tan CX, Lee CT, Tsai MC. Relationships between Food Insecurity, Self-Efficacy, and Changes in Body Mass Index among the Youth in Taiwan: Analysis from a Longitudinal Cohort Survey. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:663. [PMID: 38929242 PMCID: PMC11201673 DOI: 10.3390/children11060663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food insecurity is a heightened concern among economically disadvantaged youth, and it may contribute to the atypical body mass index (BMI) patterns frequently observed in this group. Self-efficacy seems to intervene in the negative impacts of contextual restraints. This study investigated the relationship between food insecurity, self-efficacy, and BMI trajectory among economically disadvantaged Taiwanese youth. METHODS We utilized three-wave longitudinal data from the Taiwan Database of Children and Youth in Poverty. The Food Insecurity Score (FIS) assessed food insecurity with a 4-item scale measuring reduced meal frequency, hunger, skipping meals, and economic constraints. Moreover, the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) assessed self-efficacy, showcasing the ability to handle stress effectively and envision success scenarios, contributing to positive outcomes. By employing latent growth modeling, we were able to delineate the impacts of baseline food insecurity and self-efficacy on initial BMI and its subsequent growth trajectory. RESULTS Elevated baseline FIS significantly predicted higher initial BMI (coefficient = 0.420, p = 0.042). Baseline GSES was negatively associated with initial BMI (coefficient = -0.093, p < 0.001) but positively predicted the BMI growth rate (coefficient = 0.023, p = 0.011). CONCLUSION Enhancing self-efficacy may be an effective multidisciplinary intervention to address psychosocial and socioeconomic factors when tackling weight problems in vulnerable youth groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Chi Huang
- School of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- Division of General Practice, Department of Medical Education, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Chin Xuan Tan
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kampar 31900, Malaysia
| | - Chih-Ting Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Che Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Humanities and Social Medicine, College of Medication, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Lin WQ, Xiao T, Fang YY, Sun MY, Yang YO, Chen JM, Ou CQ, Liu H. The Association of Malnutrition and Health-Related Factors among 474,467 Older Community-Dwellers: A Population-Based Data Mining Study in Guangzhou, China. Nutrients 2024; 16:1338. [PMID: 38732585 PMCID: PMC11085532 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to examine the prevalence and associated factors of malnutrition in older community-dwellers and explore the interaction between associated factors. METHODS A total of 474,467 older community-dwellers aged 65 or above were selected in Guangzhou, China. We used a two-step methodology to detect the associated factors of malnutrition and constructed logistic regression models to explore the influencing factors and interactive effects on three patterns of malnutrition. RESULTS The prevalence of malnutrition was 22.28%. Older adults with both hypertension and diabetes (RERI = 0.13), both meat or fish diet and hypertension (RERI = 0.79), and both meat or fish diet and diabetes (RERI = 0.81) had positive additive interaction effects on the risk of obesity, whereas those on a vegetarian diet with hypertension (RERI = -0.25) or diabetes (RERI = -0.19) had negative additive interaction effects. Moreover, the interactions of physical activity with a meat or fish diet (RERI = -0.84) or dyslipidemia (RERI = -0.09) could lower the risk of obesity. CONCLUSIONS Malnutrition was influenced by different health factors, and there were interactions between these influencing factors. Pertinent dietary instruction should be given according to different nutritional status indexes and the prevalence of metabolic diseases to avoid the occurrences of malnutrition among older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Quan Lin
- Department of Basic Public Health, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China; (W.-Q.L.); (Y.-Y.F.); (M.-Y.S.); (J.-M.C.)
- Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University & Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - Ting Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China;
| | - Ying-Ying Fang
- Department of Basic Public Health, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China; (W.-Q.L.); (Y.-Y.F.); (M.-Y.S.); (J.-M.C.)
| | - Min-Ying Sun
- Department of Basic Public Health, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China; (W.-Q.L.); (Y.-Y.F.); (M.-Y.S.); (J.-M.C.)
- Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University & Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - Yun-Ou Yang
- Department of Basic Public Health, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China; (W.-Q.L.); (Y.-Y.F.); (M.-Y.S.); (J.-M.C.)
| | - Jia-Min Chen
- Department of Basic Public Health, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China; (W.-Q.L.); (Y.-Y.F.); (M.-Y.S.); (J.-M.C.)
| | - Chun-Quan Ou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China;
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Basic Public Health, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China; (W.-Q.L.); (Y.-Y.F.); (M.-Y.S.); (J.-M.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
D'Alleva M, Giovanelli N, Graniero F, Billat VL, Fiori F, Marinoni M, Parpinel M, Lazzer S. Effects of 24-week Polarized Training vs. Threshold Training in Obese Male Adults. Int J Sports Med 2024; 45:282-291. [PMID: 37402392 DOI: 10.1055/a-2123-0851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
The combination of high volume of moderate-intensity continuous training with a low volume of high-intensity interval training improved body composition and physical capacities in individuals with obesity. However, polarized training (POL) has never been used in adult men with obesity. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate changes in body composition and physical capacities induced by a 24-week POL or threshold (THR) program in obese male adults. Twenty male patients (mean age 39.8±6.3 yrs; mean body mass index [BMI] 31.6±2.7 kg∙m-2) participated in this study (n: 10 POL, n: 10 THR). After 24-week, body mass (BM) and fat mass (FM) decreased by -3.20±3.10 kg (P<0.05) and -3.80±2.80 kg (P<0.05), respectively, similarly in both groups. Maximal oxygen uptake ( ̇VO2max) and ̇VO2 at respiratory compensation point (RCP) increased in the POL group (+8.5±12.2 and+9.0±17.0%, P<0.05) and in the THR group (+4.24±8.64 and+4.0±6.70%, P<0.05), as well ̇VO2 at gas exchange threshold (GET) increased similarly in both groups (+12.8±12.0%, P<0.05). POL and THR were equally effective in improving body composition and physical capacities in obese subjects. Future studies are needed to determine whether adherence to the training program can be improved by adding a running competition compared with a group without competition at the end of the training program.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mattia D'Alleva
- Deparment of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- School of Sport Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Nicola Giovanelli
- Deparment of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- School of Sport Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Francesco Graniero
- Physical Exercise Prescription Center, Azienda sanitaria universitaria Friuli Centrale, Gemona del Friuli, Italy
| | | | - Federica Fiori
- Deparment of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | | | - Maria Parpinel
- Deparment of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Stefano Lazzer
- Deparment of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- School of Sport Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Hsu HF, Lo KY, Yeh YP, Chen THH, Luh DL. Do abnormal screening results for chronic diseases motivate inactive people to start exercising? A community-based prospective cohort study in Changhua, Taiwan. Prev Med 2024; 180:107860. [PMID: 38244932 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.107860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Exercise improves health, but illnesses can cause changes in exercise behavior, including starting or stopping. This study investigated the effects of chronic disease screening on inactive individuals' exercise behavior and analyzed the impact of age and chronic disease history on this relationship using stratified analysis. METHODS Using a community-based prospective observational cohort design and data from the Changhua Community-Based Integrated Screening (CHCIS) dataset from 2005 to 2020, we examined 12,038 people who were screened at least twice and self-reported having never exercised at their first screening. Changes in exercise behavior were classified as "initiating exercise" and "remaining inactive." We obtained chronic disease screening results from CHCIS records, which included measurements of waist circumference, blood glucose, blood pressure, triglycerides, and high-density lipoproteins. SAS version 9.4 was used for COX proportional hazards regression. RESULTS The findings indicated that abnormal waist circumference and blood pressure increased the likelihood of initiating exercise compared to normal results. Age stratification showed that those aged 40-49 with abnormal results were more likely to start exercising than normal participants, but not those under 40 or over 65. When stratified by chronic disease history, abnormal screening results correlated with exercise initiation only in groups without chronic disease history, except for those with a history of hyperlipidemia. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to demonstrate that abnormal screening results may influence exercise initiation in individuals who have never exercised, and this association varies by screening item, age, and disease history.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hsiu-Fan Hsu
- Department of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kai-Yang Lo
- Center for Physical and Health Education, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yen-Po Yeh
- Changhua Health Bureau, Changhua County, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tony Hsiu-Hsi Chen
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Room 533, Taipei 100, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Dih-Ling Luh
- Department of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Family and Community Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Mangona L, Brasil IA, Prista A, Farinatti P. Energy Expenditure, Intensity, and Perceived Effort in Recreational Functional Training. RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT 2024; 95:81-90. [PMID: 36689371 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2022.2148624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Background: Functional training (FT) has become popular and seems to provoke health benefits. However, there are unsubstantiated claims regarding energy expenditure (EE) vs. weight-loss and cardiorespiratory improvements linked to FT. Objective: This study quantified the EE and intensity during FT performed in a conventional fitness center. Additionally, data of FT and moderate continuous walking (WLK) were compared. Methods: Healthy individuals with no previous experience with FT [n = 25, 11 males/14 females, 38.8 ± 9.3 years; 73.9 ± 13.8 Kg; 168.5 ± 8.5 cm; 26.0 ± 4.5 Kg/m2; 16 overweight (BMI >25 Kg/m2)] performed three FT sessions interspersed with 48 h (two familiarization, one assessment). The circuit included 4 rounds of 12 exercises performed at all-out intensity for 20 s with 1-min intervals between rounds. WLK was performed for 25 min with intensity corresponding to scores 3-5 on Borg CR-10 Scale. Outcomes were EE (kcal), movement counts estimated by triaxial accelerometry, heart rate reserve (%HRR), and rate of perceived exertion (RPE). Results: On average, FT sessions lasted 24 min and EE ranged between 124 and 292 kcal (188 ± 41 kcal), corresponding to 5-8 METs (6.1 ± 0.6 METs), and 70-80%HRR (74 ± 8%). Accelerometry (counts/min) showed that vigorous predominated over moderate intensity during FT and WLK (p = .01), with similar EE. The relative intensity and RPE were higher in FT vs. WLK (74% vs. 55%HRR and Borg 5-8 vs. 3-5, respectively; p < .0001). Conclusion: FT and WLK elicited EE consistent with recommendations to reduce cardiovascular disease risk, but only FT achieved relative intensities compatible with cardiorespiratory improvement. FT should be considered an option in health-oriented exercise programs for the general population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucília Mangona
- University of Rio de Janeiro State
- Pedagogical University of Mozambique
- Eduardo Mondlane University
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Stathopoulos A, Petridou A, Kantouris N, Mougios V. A Comparison of Leg Muscle Oxygenation, Cardiorespiratory Responses, and Blood Lactate between Walking and Running at the Same Speed. Sports (Basel) 2024; 12:48. [PMID: 38393268 PMCID: PMC10893470 DOI: 10.3390/sports12020048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
It is not known whether different gait modes, or movement patterns, at the same speed elicit differences in muscle oxygen oxygenation, expressed as muscle oxygen saturation (SmO2). Thus, the aim of this study was to compare the oxygenation of two leg muscles (vastus lateralis and gastrocnemius medialis), as well as the heart rate, respiratory gases, and blood lactate between two gait modes (walking and running) of the same speed and duration. Ten men walked and ran for 30 min each at 7 km/h in a random, counterbalanced order. SmO2, heart rate, and respiratory gases were monitored continuously. Blood lactate was measured at rest, at the end of each exercise, and after 15 min of recovery. Data were analyzed by two-way (gait mode × time) or three-way (gait mode × muscle × time) ANOVA, as applicable. Heart rate and oxygen consumption were higher when running compared to walking. SmO2 was lower during exercise compared to rest and recovery, in gastrocnemius medialis compared to vastus lateralis, and in running compared to walking. Blood lactate increased during exercise but did not differ between gait modes. In conclusion, running caused higher deoxygenation in leg muscles (accompanied by higher whole-body oxygen uptake and heart rate) than walking at the same speed (one that was comfortable for both gait modes), thus pointing to a higher internal load despite equal external load. Thus, preferring running over walking at the same speed causes higher local muscle deoxygenation, which may be beneficial in inducing favorable training adaptations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anatoli Petridou
- Laboratory of Evaluation of Human Biological Performance, School of Physical Education and Sport Science at Thessaloniki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.S.); (N.K.); (V.M.)
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Hasanah U, Rejeki PS, Wungu CDK, Pranoto A, Izzatunnisa N, Rahmanto I, Halim S. High-intensity combination exercise has the highest effect on increasing serum irisin and interleukin 6 levels in women with obesity. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2024; 35:71-78. [PMID: 38482824 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2023-0150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Lifestyle, overnutrition, socioeconomic status, environmental conditions, and genetics are factors that cause obesity. Lifestyle modification with a nonpharmacological approach based on physical exercise is the starting point in overcoming obesity. However, physical exercise with the appropriate and effective intensity for obese subjects is still debated. Therefore, this study aims to prove the effect of intensity differences with aerobic-resistance combination exercise on increasing irisin and IL-6 levels in obese women. METHODS A total of 32 obese women were selected as subjects and administered the interventions of low-intensity combination exercise (Q2), moderate-intensity combination exercise (Q3), and high-intensity combination exercise (Q4). ELISA was used to measure irisin and IL-6 levels in all samples. Statistical analysis used one-way ANOVA and Turkey's-Honest Significant Difference (HSD) post hoc test. RESULTS The mean Δ IL-6 levels in the control groups (Q1), Q2, Q3, and Q4 were 0.27 ± 2.54, 2.07 ± 2.55, 5.99 ± 6.25, and 7.98 ± 2.82 pg/mL with (p=0.015). The mean Δ irisin levels were 0.06 ± 0.81 ng/mL in Q1, 0.59 ± 0.67 ng/mL in Q2, 1.99 ± 1.65 ng/mL in Q3, 4.63 ± 3.57 ng/mL in Q4 with (p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS This study proved that all three types of combined exercise intensity increased myokine levels, such as irisin and IL-6. However, high-intensity combination exercise provided the most optimal improvement in myokine levels in obese women. Future studies are needed to design long-term exercise programs specifically for obese adolescent women using the findings from this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uswatun Hasanah
- Sports Health Science, 194160 Universitas Airlangga Fakultas Kedokteran , Surabaya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
| | - Purwo Sri Rejeki
- Department of Physiology, 194160 Universitas Airlangga Fakultas Kedokteran , Surabaya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
- Department of Medical Physiology and Biochemistry, 194160 Universitas Airlangga Fakultas Kedokteran , Surabaya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
| | - Citrawati Dyah Kencono Wungu
- Department of Medical Physiology and Biochemistry, 194160 Universitas Airlangga Fakultas Kedokteran , Surabaya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
| | - Adi Pranoto
- Doctoral Program of Medical Science, 194160 Universitas Airlangga Fakultas Kedokteran , Surabaya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
| | - Nabilah Izzatunnisa
- Medical Program, 194160 Universitas Airlangga Fakultas Kedokteran , Surabaya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
| | - Ilham Rahmanto
- Medical Program, 194160 Universitas Airlangga Fakultas Kedokteran , Surabaya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
| | - Shariff Halim
- Clinical Research Centre, 54703 Management and Science University , Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
Lifestyle intervention is an alluring concept. Changing behaviors to reduce food intake and increase energy expenditure will reduce body weight and body fat. Large randomized clinical trials in academic settings demonstrate lifestyle intervention can produce weight loss and significant health benefits. However, they also demonstrate the problems-not all participants are able to lose even 5%, and weight regain is common. Studies conducted in real-world settings achieve modest weight loss, but no reimbursement model supports it. Health care providers need to understand the benefits and limitations of lifestyle intervention delivery in the medical office setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donna H Ryan
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Nussbaumerova B, Rosolova H. Obesity and Dyslipidemia. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2023; 25:947-955. [PMID: 37979064 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-023-01167-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This article sumarizes pathopysiological consequencies between obesity and dyslipidemia and aims to bring some practical approach. RECENT FINDINGS Dyslipidemia is often present in individuals with obesity and simultaneusly, many obese individuals have lipid metabolism disorders. Especially the abdominal obesity increases the cardiometabolic risk because of the presence of atherogenic dyslipidemia while the total low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) may be normal. LDL-C is the primary goal in dyslipidemia treatment. Apoliprotein B (Apo B) and non - high density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) should be estimated to precise the cardiovascular risk and represents the secondary goal in treatment. Weight loss either with diet or antiobestic medication induces the decrease in triglycerides (TG) and LDL-C and the increase in HDL-C. Composition of nutrients, esp. fatty acids, influences lipid levels. Bariatric surgery is efficient in weight loss and has a significant effect on serum lipids. Dyslipidemia and obesity present common diseases that must be managed to decrease the cardiovascular risk and the risk of obesity-related complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Nussbaumerova
- 2nd Medical Department, Chales University, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, alej Svobody 76, Plzen (Pilsen), 323 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Hana Rosolova
- 2nd Medical Department, Chales University, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, alej Svobody 76, Plzen (Pilsen), 323 00, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Damasceno de Lima R, Fudoli Lins Vieira R, Rosetto Muñoz V, Chaix A, Azevedo Macedo AP, Calheiros Antunes G, Felonato M, Rosseto Braga R, Castelo Branco Ramos Nakandakari S, Calais Gaspar R, Ramos da Silva AS, Esper Cintra D, Pereira de Moura L, Mekary RA, Rochete Ropelle E, Pauli JR. Time-restricted feeding combined with resistance exercise prevents obesity and improves lipid metabolism in the liver of mice fed a high-fat diet. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2023; 325:E513-E528. [PMID: 37755454 PMCID: PMC10864020 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00129.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a condition characterized by the accumulation of fat in the liver, is estimated to be the most common liver disease worldwide. Obesity is a major risk factor and contributor, and, accordingly, weight loss can improve NAFLD. Previous studies in preclinical models of diet-induced obesity and fatty liver disease have shown the independent benefits of resistance exercise training (RT) and time-restricted feeding (TRF) in preventing weight gain and hepatic build-up of fat. Here, we tested the combined effect of TRF and RT on obesity and NAFLD in mice fed a high-fat diet. Our results showed that both TRF-8-h food access in the active phase-and RT-consisting of three weekly sessions of ladder climbing-attenuated body weight gain, improved glycemic homeostasis, and decreased the accumulation of lipids in the liver. TRF combined with RT improved the respiratory exchange rate, energy expenditure, and mitochondrial respiration in the liver. Furthermore, gene expression analysis in the liver revealed lower mRNA expression of lipogenesis and inflammation genes along with increased mRNA of fatty acid oxidation genes in the TRF + RT group. Importantly, combined TRF + RT was shown to be more efficient in preventing obesity and metabolic disorders. In conclusion, TRF and RT exert complementary actions compared with isolated interventions, with significant effects on metabolic disorders and NAFLD in mice.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Whether time-restricted feeding (TRF) combined with resistance exercise training (RT) may be more efficient compared with these interventions alone is still unclear. We show that when combined with RT, TRF provided additional benefits, being more effective in increasing energy expenditure, preventing weight gain, and regulating glycemic homeostasis than each intervention alone. Thus, our results demonstrate that TRF and RT have complementary actions on some synergistic pathways that prevented obesity and hepatic liver accumulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robson Damasceno de Lima
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, Brazil
| | - Renan Fudoli Lins Vieira
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, Brazil
| | - Vitor Rosetto Muñoz
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, Brazil
| | - Amandine Chaix
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
| | - Ana Paula Azevedo Macedo
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Calheiros Antunes
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, Brazil
| | - Maíra Felonato
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, Brazil
| | - Renata Rosseto Braga
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, Brazil
| | | | - Rafael Calais Gaspar
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, Brazil
| | - Adelino Sanchez Ramos da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, and Postgraduate Program in Physical Education and Sport, School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Dennys Esper Cintra
- Laboratory of Nutritional Genomics (LabGeN), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, Brazil
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Leandro Pereira de Moura
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, Brazil
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Rania A Mekary
- Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences (MCPHS) University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Eduardo Rochete Ropelle
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, Brazil
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - José Rodrigo Pauli
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, Brazil
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Jeong S, Yun SB, Park SY, Mun S. Understanding cross-data dynamics of individual and social/environmental factors through a public health lens: explainable machine learning approaches. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1257861. [PMID: 37954048 PMCID: PMC10639162 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1257861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The rising prevalence of obesity has become a public health concern, requiring efficient and comprehensive prevention strategies. Methods This study innovatively investigated the combined influence of individual and social/environmental factors on obesity within the urban landscape of Seoul, by employing advanced machine learning approaches. We collected 'Community Health Surveys' and credit card usage data to represent individual factors. In parallel, we utilized 'Seoul Open Data' to encapsulate social/environmental factors contributing to obesity. A Random Forest model was used to predict obesity based on individual factors. The model was further subjected to Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) algorithms to determine each factor's relative importance in obesity prediction. For social/environmental factors, we used the Geographically Weighted Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (GWLASSO) to calculate the regression coefficients. Results The Random Forest model predicted obesity with an accuracy of >90%. The SHAP revealed diverse influential individual obesity-related factors in each Gu district, although 'self-awareness of obesity', 'weight control experience', and 'high blood pressure experience' were among the top five influential factors across all Gu districts. The GWLASSO indicated variations in regression coefficients between social/environmental factors across different districts. Conclusion Our findings provide valuable insights for designing targeted obesity prevention programs that integrate different individual and social/environmental factors within the context of urban design, even within the same city. This study enhances the efficient development and application of explainable machine learning in devising urban health strategies. We recommend that each autonomous district consider these differential influential factors in designing their budget plans to tackle obesity effectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siwoo Jeong
- Convergence Institute of Human Data Technology, Jeonju University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Sports Rehabilitation Medicine, Kyungil University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Bum Yun
- Urban Strategy Research Division, Seoul Institute of Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Yong Park
- Urban Strategy Research Division, Seoul Institute of Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungchul Mun
- Convergence Institute of Human Data Technology, Jeonju University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Jeonju University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
D'Alleva M, Lazzer S, Tringali G, De Micheli R, Bondesan A, Abbruzzese L, Sartorio A. Effects of combined training or moderate intensity continuous training during a 3-week multidisciplinary body weight reduction program on cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, and substrate oxidation rate in adolescents with obesity. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17609. [PMID: 37848570 PMCID: PMC10582026 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44953-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of combined training (COMB, a combination of moderate-intensity continuous training-MICT and high-intensity interval training-HIIT) vs. continuous MICT administered during a 3-week in-hospital body weight reduction program (BWRP) on body composition, physical capacities, and substrate oxidation in adolescents with obesity. The 3-week in-hospital BWRP entailed moderate energy restriction, nutritional education, psychological counseling, and two different protocols of physical exercise. Twenty-one male adolescents with obesity (mean age: 16.1 ± 1.5 years; mean body mass index [BMI] 37.8 ± 4.5 kg m-2) participated in this randomized control trial study (n:10 for COMB, n:11 MICT), attending ~ 30 training sessions. The COMB group performed 3 repetitions of 2 min at 95% of peak oxygen uptake (V'O2 peak) (e.g., HIIT ≤ 20%), followed by 30 min at 60% of V'O2 peak (e.g., MICT ≥ 80%). Body composition, V'O2 peak, basal metabolic rate (BMR), energy expenditure, and substrate oxidation rate were measured during the first week (W0) and at the end of three weeks of training (W3). The two training programs were equivalent in caloric expenditure. At W3, body mass (BM) and fat mass (FM) decreased significantly in both groups, although the decrease in BM was significantly greater in the MICT group than in the COMB group (BM: - 5.0 ± 1.2 vs. - 8.4 ± 1.5, P < 0.05; FM: - 4.3 ± 3.0 vs. - 4.2 ± 1.9 kg, P < 0.05). V'O2 peak increased only in the COMB by a mean of 0.28 ± 0.22 L min-1 (P < 0.05). The maximal fat oxidation rate (MFO) increased only in the COMB group by 0.04 ± 0.03 g min-1 (P < 0.05). COMB training represents a viable alternative to MICT for improving anthropometric characteristics, physical capacities, and MFO in adolescents with obesity during a 3-week in-hospital BWRP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mattia D'Alleva
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, P.le Kolbe 4, 33100, Udine, Italy.
- School of Sport Science, University of Udine, Udine, Italy.
| | - Stefano Lazzer
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, P.le Kolbe 4, 33100, Udine, Italy
- School of Sport Science, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Gabriella Tringali
- Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Piancavallo-Verbania, Italy
| | - Roberta De Micheli
- Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Piancavallo-Verbania, Italy
| | - Adele Bondesan
- Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Piancavallo-Verbania, Italy
| | - Laura Abbruzzese
- Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Piancavallo-Verbania, Italy
| | - Alessandro Sartorio
- Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Piancavallo-Verbania, Italy
- Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Kwak JW, Lee YJ, Park B, Jung DH. Combined effect of serum carcinoembryonic antigen and hepatic steatosis on new-onset ischemic heart disease among middle-aged and older Korean adults: a cohort study. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1275450. [PMID: 37904789 PMCID: PMC10613517 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1275450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a commonly used tumor marker in cancer screening. However, it has also been associated with metabolic alterations. Hepatic steatosis, the accumulation of fat in liver cells, is associated with various cardiovascular risk factors. This study investigated the risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD) in individuals with elevated CEA levels, hepatic steatosis, and their co-occurrence. Methods The study cohort comprised 5,580 Korean adults who underwent health examinations between November 2006 and June 2010. Data regarding baseline CEA levels, hepatic steatosis status, and development of IHD were collected. Hepatic steatosis was defined as more than two findings: deep attenuation, vascular blurring, and increased liver echogenicity on abdominal ultrasound. Participants were divided into four groups based on their CEA and hepatic steatosis status: no hepatic steatosis and low CEA (group 1), no hepatic steatosis and elevated CEA (group 2), low CEA and hepatic steatosis (group 3), and elevated CEA and hepatic steatosis (group 4). Results A total of 226 (4.1%) participants developed IHD during the follow-up period. Participants with elevated CEA levels and hepatic steatosis (group 4) had the highest cumulative incidence of IHD in comparison to other groups (p < 0.001). The combined effect of elevated CEA levels and hepatic steatosis showed significantly greater area under the receiver operating characteristic curve than hepatic steatosis alone (p < 0.001). Furthermore, participants with elevated CEA and hepatic steatosis (group 4) had higher risk of developing IHD compared to those with low CEA and no hepatic steatosis (group 1) (hazard ratio: 1.63, 95% confidence interval: 1.04-2.55, p = 0.034). Conclusion Co-occurrence of elevated CEA levels and hepatic steatosis increases the risk of IHD. Comprehensive risk assessment is crucial to guide interventions and improve cardiovascular health in individuals with both the conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Byoungjin Park
- Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyuk Jung
- Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Martínez-Montoro JI, Benítez-Porres J, Tinahones FJ, Ortega-Gómez A, Murri M. Effects of exercise timing on metabolic health. Obes Rev 2023; 24:e13599. [PMID: 37416977 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of metabolic syndrome is associated with major health and socioeconomic consequences. Currently, physical exercise, together with dietary interventions, is the mainstay of the treatment of obesity and related metabolic complications. Although exercise training includes different modalities, with variable intensity, duration, volume, or frequency, which may have a distinct impact on several characteristics related to metabolic syndrome, the potential effects of exercise timing on metabolic health are yet to be fully elucidated. Remarkably, promising results with regard to this topic have been reported in the last few years. Similar to other time-based interventions, including nutritional therapy or drug administration, time-of-day-based exercise may become a useful approach for the management of metabolic disorders. In this article, we review the role of exercise timing in metabolic health and discuss the potential mechanisms that could drive the metabolic-related benefits of physical exercise performed in a time-dependent manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José Ignacio Martínez-Montoro
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma Bionand, Málaga, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Benítez-Porres
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma Bionand, Málaga, Spain
- Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisco J Tinahones
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma Bionand, Málaga, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Almudena Ortega-Gómez
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma Bionand, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mora Murri
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma Bionand, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Heart Area Clinical Management Unit, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Málaga, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Xiong S, Yu S, Wang K, Xiong X, Xia M, Zeng G, Huang Q. Dietary Apigenin Relieves Body Weight and Glycolipid Metabolic Disturbance via Pro-Browning of White Adipose Mediated by Autophagy Inhibition. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2200763. [PMID: 37436078 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Apigenin (AP) has many pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammation, hyperlipidemia-lowering, and so on. Previous studies show that AP can reduce lipid accumulation in adipocytes in vitro. However, it remains unclear whether and how AP can promote fat-browning. Therefore, mouse obesity model and preadipocyte induction model in vitro are used to investigate the effects of AP on glycolipid metabolism, browning and autophagy as well as the possible mechanisms. METHODS AND RESULTS The obese mice are intragastrically administrated with AP (0.1 mg g-1 d-1 ) for 4 weeks; meanwhile, the differentiating preadipocytes are respectively treated with the indicated concentrations of AP for 48 h. Metabolic phenotype, lipid accumulation, and fat-browning are respectively evaluated by morphological, functional, and specific markers analysis. The results show that AP treatment alleviates the body weight, glycolipid metabolic disorder, and insulin resistance in the obese mice , which is contributed to the pro-browning effects of AP in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, the study finds that the pro-browning effect of AP is accomplished through autophagy inhibition mediated by the activation of PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway. CONCLUSIONS The findings highlight that autophagy inhibition promotes the browning of white adipocytes and suggest that AP would prevent and treat obesity and the associated metabolic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaofeng Xiong
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, P. R. China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, P. R. China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, P. R. China
| | - Shumin Yu
- Nanchang Joint Programme, Queen Mary University of London, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, P. R. China
- 302 Clinical Medical School, Peking University, Beijing, 100039, P. R. China
| | - Kun Wang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, P. R. China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, P. R. China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, P. R. China
| | - Xiaowei Xiong
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, P. R. China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, P. R. China
| | - Min Xia
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, P. R. China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, P. R. China
| | - Guohua Zeng
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, P. R. China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, P. R. China
| | - Qiren Huang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, P. R. China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
López-López CO, Montes Castillo MDLL, Aguilar-Serralde CA, Torres-Cruz MN, Rojas-Stevenson A, Bólivar-Tellería I. Usefulness of an Easy, Structured, and Home-Based Exercise Program to Improve Physical Performance and Quality of Life in a Patient's Cohort with Obesity. Obes Facts 2023; 16:507-513. [PMID: 37598666 PMCID: PMC10601622 DOI: 10.1159/000533639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The benefits of exercise in patients with obesity are clear; physical performance and quality of life improve after exercise programs in patients with obesity. Our aim was to evaluate the usefulness of an easy, structured, and home-based exercise program to improve physical performance and quality-of-life in patients with obesity. METHODS A cohort of patients with obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) was recruited during 2017-2020. Patients who met the inclusion criteria were invited and those who accepted signed informed consent. Patients were evaluated by the same team of physicians who performed the 6-min walking test and collected the clinical and biochemical variables, also applied quality-of-life questionnaire at baseline and 3 months after starting the exercise program that was divided in two levels: level 1: active mobilization of four limbs (15 min) + cardiovascular exercise (15 min walking), 5 days/week; level 2: eight strengthening exercises for upper and lower limbs with an elastic band + cardiovascular exercise (15 min walking), 5 days/week. This study used means (SD), frequencies (percent), Student's t test, and Pearson correlation test. RESULTS We included 151 patients, mostly women (81.5%), age 46.3 ± 9.8 years old, BMI 40.3 ± 8.56 kg/m2, 34.4% performed some type of exercise, and the most frequents comorbidities were dyslipidemia and diabetes. After 3 months, 86 patients (57%) remained in the study and attended the final evaluation. Evident changes in physical performance were reported (distance traveled, speed walking and VO2max); however, improvement in quality of life was remarkable. CONCLUSION An easy, structured, and home-based exercise program improves physical performance and quality of life in patients with obesity, without losing its benefits for the health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Omar López-López
- Applied Research and Technology Institute (InIAT), Universidad Iberoamericana–Ciudad de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | - Mónica Nohemí Torres-Cruz
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Isabel Bólivar-Tellería
- Applied Research and Technology Institute (InIAT), Universidad Iberoamericana–Ciudad de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Zeng X, Li L, Xia Z, Zou L, Kwok T, Su Y. Transcriptomic Analysis of Human Skeletal Muscle in Response to Aerobic Exercise and Protein Intake. Nutrients 2023; 15:3485. [PMID: 37571423 PMCID: PMC10421363 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to provide a more comprehensive molecular insight into the effects of aerobic exercise (AE), protein intake (PI), and AE combined with PI on human skeletal muscle by comparing their transcriptomic profiles. Fourteen published datasets obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were used. The hub genes were identified in response to acute AE (ACTB, IL6), training AE (UBB, COL1A1), PI (EZH2), acute AE combined with PI (DDIT3), and training AE combined with PI (MYC). Both FOS and MYC were upregulated in response to acute AE, and they were, respectively, downregulated by higher PI and a combination of AE and PI. COL1A1 was upregulated by training AE but was downregulated by higher PI. Results from the gene set enrichment analysis (p < 0.05 and FDR < 25%) showed that AE and PI delivered their impacts on human skeletal muscle in analogous pathways, including aerobic respiration, mitochondrial complexes, extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, metabolic process, and immune/inflammatory responses, whereas, PI may attenuate the response of immune/inflammation and ECM remodeling which would be promoted by AE, irrespective of its types. Compared to PI alone, acute AE combined with PI would further promote protein turnover and synthesis, but suppress skeletal muscle contraction and movement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xueqing Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, China (Z.X.)
| | - Linghong Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, China (Z.X.)
| | - Zhilin Xia
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, China (Z.X.)
| | - Lianhong Zou
- Hunan Provincial Institute of Emergency Medicine, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, Changsha 410009, China
| | - Timothy Kwok
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yi Su
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, China (Z.X.)
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Khasanova A, Henagan TM. Exercise Is Medicine: How Do We Implement It? Nutrients 2023; 15:3164. [PMID: 37513581 PMCID: PMC10385293 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Exercise is well known to have beneficial effects on various disease states. In this paper, we broadly describe the fundamental concepts that are shared among various disease states, including obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D), cardiovascular disease (CVD), heart failure (HF), cancer, and psychological well-being, and the beneficial effects of exercise training within these concepts. We highlight issues involved in implementing exercise recommendations and describe the potential impacts and challenges to medical professionals and patients. Problems are identified and discussed with respect to the future roles of professionals in the current built environment with its limited infrastructure to support current physical activity recommendations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aliya Khasanova
- Department of Family Medicine, Baton Rouge General Family Health Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70806, USA
- Department of Family Medicine, Baton Rouge General Hospital, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
| | - Tara M Henagan
- Department of Family Medicine, Baton Rouge General Family Health Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70806, USA
- Department of Family Medicine, Baton Rouge General Hospital, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Gulrandhe P, Kovela RK, Samal S. Effect of the Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization Technique on Functional Capacity in Overweight and Obese Individuals: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Cureus 2023; 15:e42076. [PMID: 37601999 PMCID: PMC10434721 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.42076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Individuals with overweight and obesity (OW/OB) have poor performance in weight-bearing exercises, resulting in low functional capacity. The dynamic neuromuscular stabilization (DNS) technique was created to engage the core-postural chain in conjunction with the core muscles, generating enough intra-abdominal pressure to dynamically support the spine through muscular activity. DNS is a strategy that emphasizes the activation of the spine's intrinsic stabilizers, as well as proper breathing patterns, before any intended functional movement. The aim and objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the DNS technique on functional capacity in OW/OB individuals and to compare the effectiveness of the DNS and conventional approach. Methods The study recruited 100 individuals, who were separated into an experimental group (DNS technique) and a control group (conventional exercises), each with 50 participants. Outcome measures, including a six-minute walk test (SMW test) and body mass index (BMI), were taken pre-treatment and post-treatment. Results and discussion Based on the inclusion criteria of this study, the age group included was 20 to 25 years old. Pre- and post-treatment statistically significant changes were observed in the experimental and control groups in the BMI and SMW test. However, the BMI (kg/m2) was not statistically significant in the experimental group (t-value=-0.15, p=0.87) and control group (t-value=-0.22, p=0.82). Moreover, in the SMW test (meter), no statistical significance was found in the experimental group (t-value=-0.15, p=0.87) and control group (t-value=- 0.22, p=0.82). Conclusions Both groups are effective in increasing the functional capacity of obese and overweight individuals. The study indicates a strong need for further research into its long-term effectiveness in the OW/OB population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Purva Gulrandhe
- Physiotherapy, Ravi Nair Physiotherapy College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed to be University), Wardha, IND
| | - Rakesh K Kovela
- Physiotherapy, Nitte Institute of Physiotherapy (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, IND
| | - Snehal Samal
- Neurophysiotherapy, Ravi Nair Physiotherapy College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed to be University), Wardha, IND
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Raisi A, Zerbini V, Piva T, Belvederi Murri M, Menegatti E, Caruso L, Masotti S, Grazzi G, Mazzoni G, Mandini S. Treating Binge Eating Disorder With Physical Exercise: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2023; 55:523-530. [PMID: 37245147 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2023.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This review aimed to collect evidence about the effectiveness of exercise programs for managing binge eating disorder (BED) (recurrent binge eating episodes). METHODS Meta-analysis was developed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses protocol. Articles were searched in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. Randomized controlled trials were eligible for inclusion if they reported the effect of an exercise-based program on BED symptoms in adults. Outcomes were changes in binge eating symptom severity, measured through validated assessment instruments, after an exercise-based intervention. Study results were pooled using the Bayesian model averaging for random and fixed effects meta-analysis. RESULTS Of 2,757 studies, 5 trials were included, with 264 participants. The mean age was 44.7 ± 8.1 years for the intervention group and 46.6 ± 8.5 years for the control group. All participants were female. A significant improvement was observed between groups (standardized mean difference, 0.94; 95% credibility interval, -1.46 to -0.31). Patients obtained significant improvements either following supervised exercise programs or home-based exercise prescriptions. IMPLICATIONS FOR RESEARCH AND PRACTICE These findings suggest that physical exercise, within a multidisciplinary clinical and psychotherapeutic approach, may be an effective intervention for managing BED symptoms. Further comparative studies are needed to clarify which exercise modality is associated with greater clinical benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Raisi
- Center for Exercise Science and Sport, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Valentina Zerbini
- Center for Exercise Science and Sport, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Tommaso Piva
- Center for Exercise Science and Sport, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Martino Belvederi Murri
- Institute of Psychiatry Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Erica Menegatti
- Departement of Environmental Sciences and Prevention, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Caruso
- Departement of Environmental Sciences and Prevention, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Sabrina Masotti
- Center for Exercise Science and Sport, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giovanni Grazzi
- Center for Exercise Science and Sport, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Public Health Department, AUSL Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL-PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL
| | - Gianni Mazzoni
- Center for Exercise Science and Sport, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Public Health Department, AUSL Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Simona Mandini
- Center for Exercise Science and Sport, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Gopan G, Jose J, Khot KB, Bandiwadekar A. The use of cellulose, chitosan and hyaluronic acid in transdermal therapeutic management of obesity: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125374. [PMID: 37330096 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a clinical condition with rising popularity and detrimental impacts on human health. According to the World Health Organization, obesity is the sixth most common cause of death worldwide. It is challenging to combat obesity because medications that are successful in the clinical investigation have harmful side effects when administered orally. The conventional approaches for treating obesity primarily entail synthetic compounds and surgical techniques but possess severe adverse effects and recurrences. As a result, a safe and effective strategy to combat obesity must be initiated. Recent studies have shown that biological macromolecules of the carbohydrate class, such as cellulose, hyaluronic acid, and chitosan, can enhance the release and efficacy of medications for obesity but due to their short biological half-lives and poor oral bioavailability, their distribution rate is affected. This helps to comprehend the need for an effective therapeutic approach via a transdermal drug delivery system. This review focuses on the transdermal administration, utilizing cellulose, chitosan, and hyaluronic acid via microneedles, as it offers a promising solution to overcome existing therapy limitations in managing obesity and it also highlights how microneedles can effectively deliver therapeutic substances through the skin's outer layer, bypassing pain receptors and specifically targeting adipose tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gopika Gopan
- NITTE Deemed-to-be University, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics, Mangalore 575018, India
| | - Jobin Jose
- NITTE Deemed-to-be University, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics, Mangalore 575018, India.
| | - Kartik Bhairu Khot
- NITTE Deemed-to-be University, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics, Mangalore 575018, India
| | - Akshay Bandiwadekar
- NITTE Deemed-to-be University, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics, Mangalore 575018, India
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Choi JH, Kim SW, Seo J, Sun Y, Jung WS, Park HY, Kim J, Lim K. Effects of a Mobile-Health Exercise Intervention on Body Composition, Vascular Function, and Autonomic Nervous System Function in Obese Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Multidiscip Healthc 2023; 16:1601-1615. [PMID: 37313274 PMCID: PMC10259526 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s406905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The present study verified the effect of an m-health exercise intervention using a 12-week exercise program on body composition, vascular function, and the ANS. Patients and Methods Thirty obese adult women participants were randomized (n = 15 each) into the experimental (EXP) group, those who performed mobile-health (m-health) exercises using a wearable device (Charge 4, Fitbit, USA) and AI-fit web page, or the control (CON) group, those who continued their daily activities as before. Muscle function, cardiorespiratory endurance, and flexibility were assessed during the exercise program using the AI-fit web page and wearable device. The EXP group participated in exercise interventions using the m-health system for 12 weeks, while the CON group was encouraged to maintain their normal daily routines. Body composition, vascular function, and autonomic nervous system (ANS) were evaluated before and after the intervention. Results Significant decreases were noted in fat mass (Post - Pre: -1.47 kg; p < 0.001) and percent body fat (Post - Pre: -2.11%; p < 0.05). Flow-mediated dilatation (Post - Pre: 2.63%; p < 0.001) was significantly increased, and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (Post - Pre: -91.49 cm·sec-1; p < 0.01) was significantly decreased. RMSSD (Post - Pre: 10.43 ms; p < 0.01), NN50 (Post-Pre: 24.04; p < 0.05), pNN50 (Post - Pre: 7.70%; p < 0.05) and HF (Post-Pre: 179.60 ms2; p < 0.05) increased significantly. Conclusion In conclusion, m-health exercise interventions using AI fit and wearable devices are effective in preventing obesity and improving vascular function, and ANS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Ho Choi
- Department of Sports Medicine and Science, Graduated School, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Woo Kim
- Department of Sports Medicine and Science, Graduated School, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute (PAPI), Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisoo Seo
- Department of Sports Medicine and Science, Graduated School, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yerin Sun
- Department of Sports Medicine and Science, Graduated School, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Sang Jung
- Department of Senior Exercise Prescription, Dongseo University, Busan, 47011, Republic of Korea
| | - Hun-Young Park
- Department of Sports Medicine and Science, Graduated School, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute (PAPI), Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisu Kim
- Department of Sports Medicine and Science, Graduated School, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute (PAPI), Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiwon Lim
- Department of Sports Medicine and Science, Graduated School, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute (PAPI), Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physical Education, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Milutinovic S, Lazarevic S, Krstovic M, Bell A. A Call to Action: Hypertensive Crises, Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI), and Heart Failure in the Early Twenties. Cureus 2023; 15:e40156. [PMID: 37431356 PMCID: PMC10329565 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.40156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A 21-year-old obese male with multiple hypertensive crises was diagnosed with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), leading to heart failure due to uncontrolled hypertension and medication noncompliance. The patient's morbid obesity likely contributed to undiagnosed chronic hypertension, increasing the risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. Morbid obesity leads to increased interleukin-6 levels, promoting plaque accumulation and rupture. Obesity also triggers a pro-inflammatory and prothrombotic state, characterized by elevated levels of serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), and other cytokines. This inflammatory state contributes to atherosclerosis development and renders plaques more prone to rupture. Additionally, obesity has been shown to increase the size of coronary thrombosis once the plaque ruptures. Treating obesity is crucial for the patient's well-being and reduces the burden on healthcare systems and society. Establishing a strong physician-patient relationship is essential for motivating lifestyle modifications, which are often the primary treatment approach for obesity and its complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Milutinovic
- Internal Medicine, Florida State University College of Medicine, Cape Coral, USA
| | | | - Miljan Krstovic
- Digestive Surgery, University of Niš Faculty of Medicine, Niš, SRB
| | - Abraham Bell
- Internal Medicine, Florida State University College of Medicine, Cape Coral, USA
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Taherzadeh S, Rasoulian B, Khaleghi M, Rashidipour M, Mogharnasi M, Kaeidi A. Anti-obesity effects of aerobic exercise along with Rosa canina seed extract supplementation in rats: The role of irisin and adipolin. Obes Res Clin Pract 2023:S1871-403X(23)00038-8. [PMID: 37169705 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2023.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic exercise and some bioactive compounds in medicinal plants have anti-obesity effects and can suppress body weight. The aim of this study was to determine the anti-obesity effects of 6 weeks of aerobic exercise (AE) and supplementation of the hydroalcoholic extract of Rosa canina fruit seed (RC) in obese male rats. In this experimental study, 24 high-fat diet (HFD) obese male Wistar rats were used. The animals were randomly divided into 4 groups (6 rat in group), including 1. HFD (the control group), 2. HFD + AE, 3. HFD + RC and 4. HFD + AE + RC. An obesity protocol was implemented for 12 weeks with the consumption of HFD along with the consumption of water containing 1 % fructose. Afterwards, the animals were given access only to HFD food until the end of the study in all the groups. After the obesity protocol, 6 weeks of exercise (50-70 % VO2 max) and access to the extract (1 % of the consumed food) were given. Bodyweight, subcutaneous adipose tissue mass, and some serum lipid profiles were measured in the experimental groups. The serum levels of irisin and adipolin were evaluated by the ELISA method. Expression of FNDC5 and CTRP12 in adipose tissue were determined by real-time PCR. The findings of this study showed that body weight (P = 0.001), subcutaneous adipose tissue mass (P = 0.001), and lipid profile were significantly reduced in HFD + AE and HFD + AE + RC groups compared with the HFD group. Irisin was significantly increased in the HFD + AE and HFD + AE + RC groups compared with the HFD group (P = 0.019 and P = 0.001; respectively) and in the HFD + AE + RC group compared with the HFD + RC group (P = 0.004). Moreover, adipolin, expression of FNDC5 and CTRP12 were significantly increased in the HFD + AE + RC group compared with the HFD group (P = 0.004, P = 0.023, and P = 0.001; respectively). Altogether, HFD + AE with HFD + RC diet supplementation could reduce weight and the risks of obesity, at least, through the up-regulation of irisin and adipolin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sedigheh Taherzadeh
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Human Sciences, Technical and Vocational University (TVU), Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Bahram Rasoulian
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Islamic Republic of Iran.
| | - Mina Khaleghi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Marzieh Rashidipour
- Environmental Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mehdi Mogharnasi
- Department of Sport Sciences, University of Birjand, Birjand, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Ayat Kaeidi
- Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Islamic Republic of Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Balkrishna A, Sharma S, Maity M, Tomer M, Singh R, Gohel V, Dev R, Sinha S, Varshney A. Divya-WeightGo combined with moderate aerobic exercise remediates adiposopathy, insulin resistance, serum biomarkers, and hepatic lipid accumulation in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114785. [PMID: 37137183 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity has become an unprecedented epidemic worldwide owing to a prolonged imbalance between energy intake and expenditure. Available therapies primarily suppress energy intake but often fail to produce sustained fat loss, necessitating a more efficacious strategy to combat obesity. In this study, a polyherbal formulation, Divya-WeightGo (DWG) has been investigated for its anti-obesity activity using in-vitro and in-vivo assays. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) analysis revealed the presence of phytocompounds including gallic acid, methyl gallate, corilagin, ellagic acid, pentagalloyl glucose, withaferin A and hydroxycitric acid, proven to aid in weight loss. The exposure of 3T3-L1 cells to DWG at cytosafe concentrations inhibited lipid and triglyceride accumulation and downregulated the expression of several adipogenic and lipogenic markers like PPARy, C/EBPα, C/EBPβ, SREBP-1c, FASN and DGAT1. DWG reduced LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine release and NF-κB activity in THP-1 cells. The in-vivo anti-obesity activity of DWG, both alone and in combination with moderate aerobic exercise, was assessed in a high fat diet-induced obese mouse model. DWG mitigated the obesity associated increased body weight gain, feed efficiency ratio, glucose intolerance, diminished insulin sensitivity, dyslipidemia, altered liver function profile, lipid accumulation and adiposopathy in obese mice, alone as well as in combination intervention, with better efficacy in the combination approach. Thus, the findings of this study suggest that DWG could be a promising therapeutic avenue to treat obesity through attenuation of lipid and fat accumulation in liver and adipose tissues and could be utilized as an adjunct with lifestyle interventions to combat obesity and associated complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Acharya Balkrishna
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, India; Department of Allied and Applied Sciences, University of Patanjali, Haridwar, India; Patanjali UK Trust, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Vedic Acharya Samaj Foundation, Inc. NFP, 21725 CR 33, Groveland, FL 34736, USA
| | - Sonam Sharma
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, India
| | - Madhulina Maity
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, India
| | - Meenu Tomer
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, India
| | - Rani Singh
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, India
| | - Vivek Gohel
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, India
| | - Rishabh Dev
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, India
| | - Sandeep Sinha
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, India
| | - Anurag Varshney
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, India; Department of Allied and Applied Sciences, University of Patanjali, Haridwar, India; Special Centre for Systems Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Berardo C, Calcaterra V, Mauri A, Carelli S, Messa L, Destro F, Rey F, Cordaro E, Pelizzo G, Zuccotti G, Cereda C. Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Transcriptome Highlights Specific Expression Profiles in Severe Pediatric Obesity: A Pilot Study. Cells 2023; 12:cells12081105. [PMID: 37190014 DOI: 10.3390/cells12081105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of pediatric obesity is rising rapidly worldwide, and "omic" approaches are helpful in investigating the molecular pathophysiology of obesity. This work aims to identify transcriptional differences in the subcutaneous adipose tissue (scAT) of children with overweight (OW), obesity (OB), or severe obesity (SV) compared with those of normal weight (NW). Periumbilical scAT biopsies were collected from 20 male children aged 1-12 years. The children were stratified into the following four groups according to their BMI z-scores: SV, OB, OW, and NW. scAT RNA-Seq analyses were performed, and a differential expression analysis was conducted using the DESeq2 R package. A pathways analysis was performed to gain biological insights into gene expression. Our data highlight the significant deregulation in both coding and non-coding transcripts in the SV group when compared with the NW, OW, and OB groups. A KEGG pathway analysis showed that coding transcripts were mainly involved in lipid metabolism. A GSEA analysis revealed the upregulation of lipid degradation and metabolism in SV vs. OB and SV vs. OW. Bioenergetic processes and the catabolism of branched-chain amino acids were upregulated in SV compared with OB, OW, and NW. In conclusion, we report for the first time that a significant transcriptional deregulation occurs in the periumbilical scAT of children with severe obesity compared with those of normal weight or those with overweight or mild obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clarissa Berardo
- Pediatric Clinical Research Center "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
- Center of Functional Genomics and Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Calcaterra
- Pediatric and Adolescent Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Department of Pediatrics, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessia Mauri
- Pediatric Clinical Research Center "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
- Center of Functional Genomics and Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
| | - Stephana Carelli
- Pediatric Clinical Research Center "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
- Center of Functional Genomics and Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
| | - Letizia Messa
- Center of Functional Genomics and Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Destro
- Surgery Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Rey
- Pediatric Clinical Research Center "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
- Center of Functional Genomics and Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
| | - Erika Cordaro
- Pediatric and Adolescent Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Gloria Pelizzo
- Surgery Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Gianvincenzo Zuccotti
- Pediatric Clinical Research Center "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
- Department of Pediatrics, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Cereda
- Center of Functional Genomics and Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
D'Alleva M, Vaccari F, Graniero F, Giovanelli N, Floreani M, Fiori F, Marinoni M, Parpinel M, Lazzer S. Effects of 12-week combined training versus high intensity interval training on cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition and fat metabolism in obese male adults. J Exerc Sci Fit 2023; 21:193-201. [PMID: 36820014 PMCID: PMC9937988 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2023.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background /Objectives: A weekly combination of a high volume of moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) with a low volume of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) provides important improvements in body composition and physical capacities in individuals with obesity. However, previous studies did not determine the weekly proportions of HIIT and MICT a priori. This study aimed to investigate changes in body composition, physical capacities and the fat oxidation rate in obese male adults by comparing a combination of MICT and HIIT, called combined training (COMB), with HIIT for a 12-week period. Methods Thirty-four obese male adults (mean age: 39.4 ± 7.0 y; mean body mass index [BMI] 34.0 ± 4.2 kg m-2) participated in this study (n = 18 for COMB, n = 16 HIIT), attending ∼ 36 training sessions. The COMB group performed 3 repetitions of 2 min at 95% of peak oxygen uptake (V'O2 peak) (e.g., HIIT ≤20%), followed by 30 min at 60% of VO2 peak (e.g., MICT ≥80%). The HIIT group performed 5-7 repetitions of 2 min at 95% of VO2 peak. At baseline (PRE) and at the end of the training period (POST), body composition, VO2 peak, and the fat oxidation rate were measured. The two training programs were equivalent in caloric expenditure. Results At POST, body mass (BM) and fat mass (FM) decreased by a mean of 3.09 ± 3.21 kg and 3.90 ± 2.40 kg, respectively (P < 0.05), in both groups and V'O2 peak increased in both groups by a mean of 0.47 ± 0.34 L min-1 (P < 0.05). The maximal fat oxidation rate increased similarly in both groups from 0.32 ± 0.05 to 0.36 ± 0.06 g min-1 (P < 0.05). Conclusion COMB training represents a viable alternative to HIIT to improve anthropometric characteristics, physical capacities and fat oxidation in obese male adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mattia D'Alleva
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- School of Sport Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Filippo Vaccari
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- School of Sport Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Francesco Graniero
- Physical Exercise Prescription Center, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale, Gemona del Friuli, Italy
| | - Nicola Giovanelli
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- School of Sport Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Mirco Floreani
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- School of Sport Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Federica Fiori
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | | | - Maria Parpinel
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Stefano Lazzer
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- School of Sport Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Leonard JM, Pascual JL, Kaplan LJ. Dysbiome and Its Role in Surgically Relevant Medical Disease. Surg Infect (Larchmt) 2023; 24:226-231. [PMID: 37010968 PMCID: PMC10398742 DOI: 10.1089/sur.2023.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Several surgically relevant conditions are directly or indirectly influenced by the human microbiome. Different microbiomes may be found within, or along, specific organs and intra-organ variation is common. Such variations include those found along the course of the gastrointestinal tract as well as those on different regions of the skin. A variety of physiologic stressors and care interventions may derange the native microbiome. A deranged microbiome is termed a dysbiome and is characterized by decreased diversity and an increase in the proportion of potentially pathogenic organisms; the elaboration of virulence factors coupled with clinical consequences defines a pathobiome. Specific conditions such as Clostridium difficile colitis, inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, and diabetes mellitus are tightly linked to a dysbiome or pathobiome. Additionally, massive transfusion after injury appears to derange the gastrointestinal microbiome as well. This review explores what is known about these surgically relevant clinical conditions to chart how non-surgical interventions may support surgical undertakings or potentially reduce the need for operation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M. Leonard
- Department of Surgery, Division of Acute Care Surgery, Washington University in St. Lous, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jose L. Pascual
- Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma, Surgical Critical Care, and Emergency Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Surgical Services, Section of Surgical Critical Care, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lewis J. Kaplan
- Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma, Surgical Critical Care, and Emergency Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Surgical Services, Section of Surgical Critical Care, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Guo Z, Li M, Cai J, Gong W, Liu Y, Liu Z. Effect of High-Intensity Interval Training vs. Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training on Fat Loss and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in the Young and Middle-Aged a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4741. [PMID: 36981649 PMCID: PMC10048683 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20064741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This systematic review is conducted to evaluate the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in the young and middle-aged. METHODS Seven databases were searched from their inception to 22 October 2022 for studies (randomized controlled trials only) with HIIT and MICT intervention. Meta-analysis was carried out for within-group (pre-intervention vs. post-intervention) and between-group (HIIT vs. MICT) comparisons for change in body mass (BM), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), percent fat mass (PFM), fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), and CRF. RESULTS A total of 1738 studies were retrieved from the database, and 29 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Within-group analyses indicated that both HIIT and MICT can bring significant improvement in body composition and CRF, except for FFM. Between-group analyses found that compared to MICT, HIIT brings significant benefits to WC, PFM, and VO2peak. CONCLUSIONS The effect of HIIT on fat loss and CRF in the young and middle-aged is similar to or better than MICT, which might be influenced by age (18-45 years), complications (obesity), duration (>6 weeks), frequency, and HIIT interval. Despite the clinical significance of the improvement being limited, HIIT appears to be more time-saving and enjoyable than MICT.
Collapse
|
49
|
Vogt ÉL, Von Dentz MC, Rocha DS, Model JFA, Kowalewski LS, Silveira D, de Amaral M, de Bittencourt Júnior PIH, Kucharski LC, Krause M, Vinagre AS. Acute effects of a single moderate-intensity exercise bout performed in fast or fed states on cell metabolism and signaling: Comparison between lean and obese rats. Life Sci 2023; 315:121357. [PMID: 36634864 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Although the benefits of exercise can be potentiated by fasting in healthy subjects, few studies evaluated the effects of this intervention on the metabolism of obese subjects. This study investigated the immediate effects of a single moderate-intensity exercise bout performed in fast or fed states on the metabolism of gastrocnemius and soleus of lean and obese rats. MAIN METHODS Male rats received a high-fat diet (HFD) for twelve weeks to induce obesity or were fed standard diet (SD). After this period, the animals were subdivided in groups: fed and rest (FER), fed and exercise (30 min treadmill, FEE), 8 h fasted and rest (FAR) and fasted and exercise (FAE). Muscle samples were used to investigate the oxidative capacity and gene expression of AMPK, PGC1α, SIRT1, HSF1 and HSP70. KEY FINDINGS In relation to lean animals, obese animals' gastrocnemius glycogen decreased 60 %, triglycerides increased 31 %; glucose and alanine oxidation decreased 26 % and 38 %, respectively; in soleus, triglycerides reduced 46 % and glucose oxidation decreased 37 %. Exercise and fasting induced different effects in glycolytic and oxidative muscles of obese rats. In soleus, fasting exercise spared glycogen and increased palmitate oxidation, while in gastrocnemius, glucose oxidation increased. In obese animals' gastrocnemius, AMPK expression decreased 29 % and SIRT1 increased 28 % in relation to lean. The AMPK response was more sensitive to exercise and fasting in lean than obese rats. SIGNIFICANCE Exercise and fasting induced different effects on the metabolism of glycolytic and oxidative muscles of obese rats that can promote health benefits in these animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Éverton Lopes Vogt
- Comparative Endocrinology and Metabolism Laboratory (LAMEC), Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Physiology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Maiza Cristina Von Dentz
- Comparative Endocrinology and Metabolism Laboratory (LAMEC), Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Physiology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Débora Santos Rocha
- Comparative Endocrinology and Metabolism Laboratory (LAMEC), Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Physiology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Jorge Felipe Argenta Model
- Comparative Endocrinology and Metabolism Laboratory (LAMEC), Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Physiology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lucas Stahlhöfer Kowalewski
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Metabolism and Exercise Research (LAPIMEX), Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Physiology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Diane Silveira
- Comparative Endocrinology and Metabolism Laboratory (LAMEC), Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Physiology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Marjoriane de Amaral
- Comparative Endocrinology and Metabolism Laboratory (LAMEC), Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Physiology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Paulo Ivo Homem de Bittencourt Júnior
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Metabolism and Exercise Research (LAPIMEX), Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Physiology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Luiz Carlos Kucharski
- Comparative Endocrinology and Metabolism Laboratory (LAMEC), Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Physiology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Mauricio Krause
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Metabolism and Exercise Research (LAPIMEX), Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Physiology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Anapaula Sommer Vinagre
- Comparative Endocrinology and Metabolism Laboratory (LAMEC), Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Physiology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Mavragani A, Woodworth A, Mehrabadi MA. The Relationship Between Exercise Habits and Stress Among Individuals With Access to Internet-Connected Home Fitness Equipment: Single-Group Prospective Analysis. JMIR Form Res 2023; 7:e41877. [PMID: 36719817 PMCID: PMC9947760 DOI: 10.2196/41877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA) confers numerous benefits to health and health care costs, yet most adults are not meeting recommended PA guidelines. Stress may be a factor that influences PA behavior. Research investigating the impact of stress on PA has yielded inconsistent findings. Most studies find that stress negatively impacts PA, but there is some evidence that habitual exercising buffers this association. OBJECTIVE This study aims to examine the relationship between stress and exercise habits among habitual exercisers with internet-connected home fitness equipment (Peloton Bike) during the COVID-19 lockdown. METHODS Participants were recruited through Facebook (N=146) and asked to complete an internet-based survey that assessed COVID-19-related stressors, perceived stress associated with those stressors, and general perceived stress. Self-reported exercise was assessed on the survey using the Godin Leisure-time Exercise Questionnaire (GLTEQ). Participants were also asked for consent to access their Peloton usage data through the Peloton platform. From their usage data, the frequency and duration of cycling classes was calculated for 4 weeks prior to and 12 weeks following the survey. Hierarchical regression equations tested the association between stress reported on the survey and subsequent exercise participation. Exercise participation was quantified both as the frequency and duration of Peloton cycling over the 12 weeks following the survey and as self-reported moderate to vigorous activity on a second survey completed by a subset of participants 12 weeks after the initial survey. RESULTS There were 146 participants in our Peloton analysis sample and 66 in the self-reported exercise analysis. Peloton user data showed that study participants cycled frequently (mean 5.9 times per week) in the month prior to the initial survey, and that presurvey Peloton use was a strong predictor of exercise frequency (R2=0.57; F2,143=95.27; P<.001) and duration (R2=0.58; F2,143=102.58; P<.001) for the 12 subsequent weeks. Self-reported overall exercise likewise showed that this sample was very active, with an average of more than 8 times per week of moderate to vigorous exercise at the initial survey. Self-reported exercise on the initial survey was a strong predictor of self-reported exercise 12 weeks later (R2=0.31; F1,64=29.03; P<.001). Perceived stress did not impact Peloton cycling duration or frequency (P=.81 and .76, respectively) or self-reported exercise (P=.28). CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that stress did not negatively impact exercise participation among habitually active adults with access to internet-connected home fitness equipment. Habitual exercise may buffer the impact of stress on participation in regular moderate to vigorous activity. Future research should examine the role that the availability of home-based internet-connected exercise equipment may play in this buffering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Amanda Woodworth
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Milad Asgari Mehrabadi
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|