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Lam-Ubol A, Sukhaboon J, Rasio W, Tupwongse P, Tangshewinsirikul T, Trachootham D. Nutri-PEITC Jelly Significantly Improves Progression-Free Survival and Quality of Life in Patients with Advanced Oral and Oropharyngeal Cancer: A Blinded Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097824. [PMID: 37175527 PMCID: PMC10177844 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
TP53 mutation is associated with cancer progression. Novel strategies to reboot p53 are required to stabilize the disease and improve survival. This randomized placebo-controlled trial investigated safety and efficacy of Nutri-PEITC Jelly (a texture-modified nutritious diet fortified with β-phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) on oral cancer. Seventy-two patients with advanced-staged oral or oropharyngeal cancer were randomly assigned to study and control groups, who consumed 200 g of Nutri-Jelly with and without 20 mg of PEITC, respectively, 5 days/week for 12 weeks. Outcomes, including adverse events, health-related quality of life (HRQOL), progression-free survival (PFS), tumor response, serum p53, and cytochrome c, were measured at 0, 1, and 3 months. Results show that the study group had a higher proportion of participants with improved HRQOL, stable disease, and increased serum p53 levels than those in the control group (p < 0.001). The PFS time in the study group was significantly longer than that of the control group (p < 0.05). Serum cytochrome c levels were non-significantly decreased in the study group. No serious intervention-related adverse events occurred in either group. In conclusion, Nutri-PEITC Jelly intake for 3 months is safe, stabilizes the disease, improves quality of life and progression-free survival, and might re-activate p53 in advanced-stage oral and oropharyngeal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aroonwan Lam-Ubol
- Faculty of Dentistry, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | | | - Withee Rasio
- Lopburi Cancer Hospital, Lopburi 15000, Thailand
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2
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Amaldoss MJN, Mehmood R, Yang J, Koshy P, Kumar N, Unnikrishnan A, Sorrell CC. Anticancer Therapeutic Effects of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles: Known and Unknown Molecular Mechanisms. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:3671-3694. [DOI: 10.1039/d2bm00334a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cerium-based nanoparticles (CeNPs), particularly cerium oxide (CeO2), have been studied extensively for their antioxidant and prooxidant properties. However, their complete redox and enzyme-mimetic mechanisms of therapeutic action at the molecular...
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3
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Domb AJ, Sharifzadeh G, Nahum V, Hosseinkhani H. Safety Evaluation of Nanotechnology Products. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13101615. [PMID: 34683908 PMCID: PMC8539492 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13101615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanomaterials are now being used in a wide variety of biomedical applications. Medical and health-related issues, however, have raised major concerns, in view of the potential risks of these materials against tissue, cells, and/or organs and these are still poorly understood. These particles are able to interact with the body in countless ways, and they can cause unexpected and hazardous toxicities, especially at cellular levels. Therefore, undertaking in vitro and in vivo experiments is vital to establish their toxicity with natural tissues. In this review, we discuss the underlying mechanisms of nanotoxicity and provide an overview on in vitro characterizations and cytotoxicity assays, as well as in vivo studies that emphasize blood circulation and the in vivo fate of nanomaterials. Our focus is on understanding the role that the physicochemical properties of nanomaterials play in determining their toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraham J. Domb
- The Centers for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Alex Grass Center for Drug Design and Synthesis and Cannabinoids Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Drug Research, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel;
- Correspondence: (A.J.D.); (H.H.)
| | - Ghorbanali Sharifzadeh
- Department of Polymer Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia;
| | - Victoria Nahum
- The Centers for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Alex Grass Center for Drug Design and Synthesis and Cannabinoids Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Drug Research, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel;
| | - Hossein Hosseinkhani
- Innovation Center for Advanced Technology, Matrix, Inc., New York, NY 10029, USA
- Correspondence: (A.J.D.); (H.H.)
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4
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Wang G, Fan XQ, Li L, Li Y, Shi B, Xing KX, Gao QL. Toosendanin Shows Potent Efficacy Against Human Ovarian Cancer through Caspase-Dependent Mitochondrial Apoptotic Pathway. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2021; 49:1757-1772. [PMID: 34521317 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x2150083x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Toosendanin (TSN) is a triterpenoid extracted from the bark or fruits of Melia toosendan Sieb et Zucc, which is a traditional Chinese medicine and mainly grows in China and India. TSN has been verified to possess antitumor activities on various human cancers, whereas the effects of TSN on ovarian cancer (OC) has not been reported yet. Here, TSN was shown to significantly inhibit proliferation of SKOV3 and OVCAR3 cell lines in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Treatment of OC cells with TSN resulted in colony formation reduction, S and G2/M phase arrest, cell apoptosis, and dramatic decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential. Furthermore, TSN suppressed invasion and migration of OC cells. Research on molecular mechanism indicated that the above efficacy of TSN was associated with decreased expression of survivin, PARP-1, Bcl-2, Bcl-xl, caspase-3, caspase-9, MMP-2 and MMP-9 and increased expression of cleaved PARP-1, Bax, cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-9. Finally, in vivo results showed that TSN suppressed OC xenograft tumor growth by inducing apoptosis and regulating the related protein expression levels of SKOV3 cells in transplanted tumors. Taken together, our data provide new insights into TSN as a potentially effective reagent against human OC through caspase-dependent mitochondrial apoptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Xiu-Qi Fan
- Department of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Bian Shi
- Department of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Ke-Xin Xing
- Department of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Qi-Long Gao
- Department of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P. R. China
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5
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Sharma V, Fernando V, Letson J, Walia Y, Zheng X, Fackelman D, Furuta S. S-Nitrosylation in Tumor Microenvironment. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094600. [PMID: 33925645 PMCID: PMC8124305 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
S-nitrosylation is a selective and reversible post-translational modification of protein thiols by nitric oxide (NO), which is a bioactive signaling molecule, to exert a variety of effects. These effects include the modulation of protein conformation, activity, stability, and protein-protein interactions. S-nitrosylation plays a central role in propagating NO signals within a cell, tissue, and tissue microenvironment, as the nitrosyl moiety can rapidly be transferred from one protein to another upon contact. This modification has also been reported to confer either tumor-suppressing or tumor-promoting effects and is portrayed as a process involved in every stage of cancer progression. In particular, S-nitrosylation has recently been found as an essential regulator of the tumor microenvironment (TME), the environment around a tumor governing the disease pathogenesis. This review aims to outline the effects of S-nitrosylation on different resident cells in the TME and the diverse outcomes in a context-dependent manner. Furthermore, we will discuss the therapeutic potentials of modulating S-nitrosylation levels in tumors.
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The Role of Vitamin K in Humans: Implication in Aging and Age-Associated Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10040566. [PMID: 33917442 PMCID: PMC8067486 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10040566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
As human life expectancy is rising, the incidence of age-associated diseases will also increase. Scientific evidence has revealed that healthy diets, including good fats, vitamins, minerals, or polyphenolics, could have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, with antiaging effects. Recent studies demonstrated that vitamin K is a vital cofactor in activating several proteins, which act against age-related syndromes. Thus, vitamin K can carboxylate osteocalcin (a protein capable of transporting and fixing calcium in bone), activate matrix Gla protein (an inhibitor of vascular calcification and cardiovascular events) and carboxylate Gas6 protein (involved in brain physiology and a cognitive decline and neurodegenerative disease inhibitor). By improving insulin sensitivity, vitamin K lowers diabetes risk. It also exerts antiproliferative, proapoptotic, autophagic effects and has been associated with a reduced risk of cancer. Recent research shows that protein S, another vitamin K-dependent protein, can prevent the cytokine storm observed in COVID-19 cases. The reduced activation of protein S due to the pneumonia-induced vitamin K depletion was correlated with higher thrombogenicity and possibly fatal outcomes in COVID-19 patients. Our review aimed to present the latest scientific evidence about vitamin K and its role in preventing age-associated diseases and/or improving the effectiveness of medical treatments in mature adults ˃50 years old.
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7
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Exploiting S-nitrosylation for cancer therapy: facts and perspectives. Biochem J 2021; 477:3649-3672. [PMID: 33017470 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20200064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
S-nitrosylation, the post-translational modification of cysteines by nitric oxide, has been implicated in several cellular processes and tissue homeostasis. As a result, alterations in the mechanisms controlling the levels of S-nitrosylated proteins have been found in pathological states. In the last few years, a role in cancer has been proposed, supported by the evidence that various oncoproteins undergo gain- or loss-of-function modifications upon S-nitrosylation. Here, we aim at providing insight into the current knowledge about the role of S-nitrosylation in different aspects of cancer biology and report the main anticancer strategies based on: (i) reducing S-nitrosylation-mediated oncogenic effects, (ii) boosting S-nitrosylation to stimulate cell death, (iii) exploiting S-nitrosylation through synthetic lethality.
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8
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Revisiting Mitochondria Scored Cancer Progression and Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13030432. [PMID: 33498743 PMCID: PMC7865825 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The indispensible role of mitochondria has been described over a century ago by Otto Warburg which has been serving the fields of cell biology and cancer biology immensely. Mitochondria are the principal site for vital mechanisms which vastly dictate the physiology. The intricacy of mitochondria’s role cancer have been noticed and well addressed in recent times. The underlying mechanisms are surfacing to unveil the nature of mitochondria and its participation in tumor cell motility and metastasis. This addressing may unravel novel therapeutic options. This review summarizes and reweighs the key aspects like underlying and emerging mechanisms which might be useful in designing novel chemotherapy. Abstract The Warburg effect has immensely succored the study of cancer biology, especially in highlighting the role of mitochondria in cancer stemness and their benefaction to the malignancy of oxidative and glycolytic cancer cells. Mitochondrial genetics have represented a focal point in cancer therapeutics due to the involvement of mitochondria in programmed cell death. The mitochondrion has been well established as a switch in cell death decisions. The mitochondrion’s instrumental role in central bioenergetics, calcium homeostasis, and translational regulation has earned it its fame in metastatic dissemination in cancer cells. Here, we revisit and review mechanisms through which mitochondria influence oncogenesis and metastasis by underscoring the oncogenic mitochondrion that is capable of transferring malignant capacities to recipient cells.
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Olivas-Aguirre M, Torres-López L, Pottosin I, Dobrovinskaya O. Phenolic Compounds Cannabidiol, Curcumin and Quercetin Cause Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Suppress Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:E204. [PMID: 33379175 PMCID: PMC7795267 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Anticancer activity of different phenols is documented, but underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Recently, we have shown that cannabidiol kills the cells of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) by a direct interaction with mitochondria, with their consequent dysfunction. In the present study, cytotoxic effects of several phenolic compounds against human the T-ALL cell line Jurkat were tested by means of resazurin-based metabolic assay. To unravel underlying mechanisms, mitochondrial membrane potential (∆Ψm) and [Ca2+]m measurements were undertaken, and reactive oxygen species generation and cell death were evaluated by flow cytometry. Three out of eight tested phenolics, cannabidiol, curcumin and quercetin, which displayed a significant cytotoxic effect, also dissipated the ∆Ψm and induced a significant [Ca2+]m increase, whereas inefficient phenols did not. Dissipation of the ∆Ψm by cannabidiol was prevented by cyclosporine A and reverted by Ru360, inhibitors of the permeation transition pore and mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter, respectively. Ru360 prevented the phenol-induced [Ca2+]m rise, but neither cyclosporine A nor Ru360 affected the curcumin- and quercetin-induced ∆Ψm depolarization. Ru360 impeded the curcumin- and cannabidiol-induced cell death. Thus, all three phenols exert their antileukemic activity via mitochondrial Ca2+ overload, whereas curcumin and quercetin suppress the metabolism of leukemic cells by direct mitochondrial uncoupling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Igor Pottosin
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Ionic Transport Regulation, Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Av. 25 de Julio 965, Villa de San Sebastián, 28045 Colima, Mexico; (M.O.-A.); (L.T.-L.)
| | - Oxana Dobrovinskaya
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Ionic Transport Regulation, Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Av. 25 de Julio 965, Villa de San Sebastián, 28045 Colima, Mexico; (M.O.-A.); (L.T.-L.)
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10
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Webb MJ, Kukard C. A Review of Natural Therapies Potentially Relevant in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Aimed at Targeting Cancer Cell Vulnerabilities. Integr Cancer Ther 2020; 19:1534735420975861. [PMID: 33243021 PMCID: PMC7705812 DOI: 10.1177/1534735420975861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We reviewed the research into the mechanisms of growth of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) based on laboratory pre-clinical studies that have shaped understanding of the disease over the past decade. In response to these findings, we propose an approach to potentially prevent cancer metabolic adaptation and recurrence. This paper collates pre-clinical results, first to determine the tumor’s mechanisms of growth and then to source natural substances that could potentially suppress those mechanisms. The results from in vivo and in vitro studies of TNBC were combined first to select 10 primary mechanisms (Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α, Hedgehog, MAPK, MTAP, NF-κ B, Notch, P13K, STAT3, and Wnt signaling pathways plus p53 and POL2A gene expression) that promote TNBC growth, and second to propose a treatment array of 21 natural compounds that suppress laboratory models of TNBC via these mechanisms. We included BRCA mutations in the review process, but only pathways with the most preclinical studies utilizing natural products were included. Then we outlined potential biomarkers to assess the changes in the micro-environment and monitor biochemical pathway suppression. This suppression-centric aim targets these mechanisms of growth with the goal of potentially halting tumor growth and preventing cancer cell metabolic adaptation. We chose TNBC to demonstrate this 5-step strategy of supplementary therapy, which may be replicated for other tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Craig Kukard
- University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
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11
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Hoenke S, Serbian I, Deigner HP, Csuk R. Mitocanic Di- and Triterpenoid Rhodamine B Conjugates. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25225443. [PMID: 33233650 PMCID: PMC7699795 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The combination of the “correct” triterpenoid, the “correct” spacer and rhodamine B (RhoB) seems to be decisive for the ability of the conjugate to accumulate in mitochondria. So far, several triterpenoid rhodamine B conjugates have been prepared and screened for their cytotoxic activity. To obtain cytotoxic compounds with EC50 values in a low nano-molar range combined with good tumor/non-tumor selectivity, the Rho B unit has to be attached via an amine spacer to the terpenoid skeleton. To avoid spirolactamization, secondary amines have to be used. First results indicate that a homopiperazinyl spacer is superior to a piperazinyl spacer. Hybrids derived from maslinic acid or tormentic acid are superior to those from oleanolic, ursolic, glycyrrhetinic or euscaphic acid. Thus, a tormentic acid-derived RhoB conjugate 32, holding a homopiperazinyl spacer can be regarded, at present, as the most promising candidate for further biological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Hoenke
- Organic Chemistry, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes Street 2, D-06120 Halle, Germany; (S.H.); (I.S.)
| | - Immo Serbian
- Organic Chemistry, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes Street 2, D-06120 Halle, Germany; (S.H.); (I.S.)
| | - Hans-Peter Deigner
- Medical and Life Science Faculty, Institute of Precision Medicine, Furtwangen University, Jakob–Kienzle–Street 17, D-78054 Villigen–Schwenningen, Germany;
| | - René Csuk
- Organic Chemistry, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes Street 2, D-06120 Halle, Germany; (S.H.); (I.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-345-5525660
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12
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Fontana F, Raimondi M, Marzagalli M, Audano M, Beretta G, Procacci P, Sartori P, Mitro N, Limonta P. Mitochondrial functional and structural impairment is involved in the antitumor activity of δ-tocotrienol in prostate cancer cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 160:376-390. [PMID: 32738396 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic options for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) are still limited. Natural bioactive compounds were shown to possess pro-death properties in different tumors. We previously reported that δ-tocotrienol (δ-TT) induces apoptosis, paraptosis and autophagy in CRPC cells. Here, we investigated whether δ-TT might exert its activity by impairing mitochondrial functions. We demonstrated that, in PC3 and DU145 cells, δ-TT impairs mitochondrial respiration and structural dynamics. In both cell lines, δ-TT triggers mitochondrial Ca2+ and ROS overload. In PC3 cells, both Ca2+ and ROS mediate the δ-TT-related anticancer activities (decrease of cell viability, apoptosis, paraptosis, autophagy and mitophagy). As expected, in autophagy-defective DU145 cells, Ca2+ overload was involved in δ-TT-induced pro-death effects but not in autophagy and mitophagy. In this cell line, we also demonstrated that ROS overload is not involved in the anticancer activities of δ-TT, supporting a low susceptibility of these cells to ROS-related oxidative stress. Taken together, these data demonstrate that, in CRPC cells, δ-TT triggers cell death by inducing mitochondrial functional and structural impairments, providing novel mechanistic insights in its antitumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Fontana
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Michela Raimondi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Monica Marzagalli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Matteo Audano
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Giangiacomo Beretta
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Patrizia Procacci
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Patrizia Sartori
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Nico Mitro
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Patrizia Limonta
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
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Lv T, Jian Z, Li D, Ao R, Zhang X, Yu B. Oxyresveratrol induces apoptosis and inhibits cell viability via inhibition of the STAT3 signaling pathway in Saos‑2 cells. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:5191-5198. [PMID: 33174060 PMCID: PMC7646976 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxyresveratrol (ORES) is a natural phenolic compound with multiple biological functions including antioxidation, anti-inflammation and neuroprotection; however, the inhibitory effect of ORES on osteosarcoma remains largely unknown. The present study aimed to determine the effects of ORES on osteosarcoma cell Saos-2. Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was performed to detect Soas-2 cell viability. Annexin-FITC/PI staining and JC-1 staining were used to measure cell apoptosis and the change of mitochondrial membrane potential. In addition, western blotting was conducted to determine the expression levels of apoptotic proteins and the phosphorylation of STAT3. It was found that ORES inhibited cell viability and induced apoptosis of osteosarcoma Saos-2 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, ORES increased the expression levels of apoptotic proteases caspase-9 and caspase-3 and reduced mitochondrial membrane potential. In response to ORES treatment, the expression levels of pro-apoptotic proteins, Bad and Bax, were enhanced, whereas those of anti-apoptotic proteins, Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL, were reduced. In addition, the phosphorylation of STAT3 was attenuated in Saos-2 cells after treatment with ORES. Inhibition of cell viability and apoptosis induction by ORES were rescued by enhancement of STAT3 activation upon treatment with IL-6. Collectively, the present study indicated that ORES induced apoptosis and inhibited cell viability, which may be associated with the inhibition of STAT3 activation; thus, ORES represents a promising agent for treating osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Lv
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Jian
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, P.R. China
| | - Dejian Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, P.R. China
| | - Rongguang Ao
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, P.R. China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, P.R. China
| | - Baoqing Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, P.R. China
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Samodien S, Kock MD, Joubert E, Swanevelder S, Gelderblom WCA. Differential Cytotoxicity of Rooibos and Green Tea Extracts against Primary Rat Hepatocytes and Human Liver and Colon Cancer Cells - Causal Role of Major Flavonoids. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:2050-2064. [PMID: 32930006 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1820054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Differential anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects of aqueous extracts of green rooibos (Rg; Aspalathus linearis) and green tea (GT; Camellia sinensis) and an aspalathin-enriched extract of green rooibos (GRE), were investigated in primary rat hepatocytes (PH) and human liver (HepG2) and colon (HT-29) cancer cells. Rooibos flavonoids, aspalathin and luteolin, and the green tea flavanol, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), were included to assess their contribution relative to their extract concentrations. GRE was the most effective in reducing cell growth parameters which was associated with a high total polyphenol content and high ferric reducing potential. Differential cell responses were noticed with HepG2 cells more sensitive than PH toward the induction of apoptosis by GRE. Luteolin induced apoptosis in PH and HepG2 cells while aspalathin lacked any effect. EGCG induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells while PH were resistant. HT-29 cells were resistant to apoptosis induction by the tea and pure flavonoids. Differences existed in the individual effects of the major rooibos and GT flavonoids against cell growth parameters compared to their equivalent concentrations in the extract mixtures. Diversity of the flavonoid constituents, physicochemical properties and cellular redox status governing cell survival are likely to explain the differential cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sedicka Samodien
- Applied Microbial and Health Biotechnology Institute, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Maryna de Kock
- Department of Medical Bioscience Program, University of Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Elizabeth Joubert
- Plant Bioactives Group, Agricultural Research Council, Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, Stellenbosch, South Africa.,Department of Food Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch South Africa
| | - Sonja Swanevelder
- Biostatistics Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa
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Yuan D, Zhou H, Sun H, Tian R, Xia M, Sun L, Liu Y. Identification of key genes for guiding chemotherapeutic management in ovarian cancer using translational bioinformatics. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:1345-1359. [PMID: 32724377 PMCID: PMC7377160 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of resistance to chemotherapy drugs in patients with ovarian cancer is still the main cause of low survival rates. The present study aimed to identify key genes that may provide treatment guidance to reduce the incidence of drug resistance in patients with ovarian cancer. Original data of chemotherapy sensitivity and chemoresistance of ovarian cancer were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus dataset GSE73935. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between sensitive and resistant ovarian cancer cell lines were screened by Empirical Bayes methods. Overlapping DEGs between four chemoresistant groups were identified by Venn map analysis. Protein-protein interaction networks were also constructed, and hub genes were identified. The hub genes were verified by in vitro experiments as well as The Cancer Genome Atlas data. Results from the present study identified eight important genes that may guide treatment decisions regarding chemotherapy regimens for ovarian cancer, including epidermal growth factor-like repeats and discoidin I-like domains 3, NRAS proto-oncogene, hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 1, activated protein C receptor, CD53, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A, insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor and roundabout guidance receptor 2 genes. Their expressions were found to have an impact on the prognosis of different treatment groups (cisplatin, paclitaxel, cisplatin + paclitaxel, cisplatin + doxorubicin and cisplatin + topotecan). The results indicated that these genes may minimise the occurrence of ovarian cancer drug resistance and may provide effective treatment options for patients with ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danni Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Department of Pathophysiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Haohan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Department of Pathophysiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Hongyu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Department of Pathophysiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Rui Tian
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Department of Pathophysiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Meihui Xia
- Department of Obstetrics, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Liankun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Department of Pathophysiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Yanan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Department of Pathophysiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
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16
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Modulation of Mitochondrial Metabolic Reprogramming and Oxidative Stress to Overcome Chemoresistance in Cancer. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10010135. [PMID: 31947673 PMCID: PMC7023176 DOI: 10.3390/biom10010135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming, carried out by cancer cells to rapidly adapt to stress such as hypoxia and limited nutrient conditions, is an emerging concepts in tumor biology, and is now recognized as one of the hallmarks of cancer. In contrast with conventional views, based on the classical Warburg effect, these metabolic alterations require fully functional mitochondria and finely-tuned regulations of their activity. In turn, the reciprocal regulation of the metabolic adaptations of cancer cells and the microenvironment critically influence disease progression and response to therapy. This is also realized through the function of specific stress-adaptive proteins, which are able to relieve oxidative stress, inhibit apoptosis, and facilitate the switch between metabolic pathways. Among these, the molecular chaperone tumor necrosis factor receptor associated protein 1 (TRAP1), the most abundant heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) family member in mitochondria, is particularly relevant because of its role as an oncogene or a tumor suppressor, depending on the metabolic features of the specific tumor. This review highlights the interplay between metabolic reprogramming and cancer progression, and the role of mitochondrial activity and oxidative stress in this setting, examining the possibility of targeting pathways of energy metabolism as a therapeutic strategy to overcome drug resistance, with particular emphasis on natural compounds and inhibitors of mitochondrial HSP90s.
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17
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Wang Z, Yu K, Hu Y, Su F, Gao Z, Hu T, Yang Y, Cao X, Qian F. Schisantherin A induces cell apoptosis through ROS/JNK signaling pathway in human gastric cancer cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 173:113673. [PMID: 31629709 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.113673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the most lethal cancers with unmet clinical treatment and low 5-year survival rate. Schisantherin A is a major compound derived from Fructusschisandrae while its anti-tumor role remains nearly unknown. Here, we reported that schisantherin A had an anti-proliferation effect on gastric cancer cell lines MKN45 and SGC-7901. Schisantherin A induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and cell apoptosis, and inhibited cell migration in gastric cancer MKN45 and SGC7901 cells. Meanwhile, upregulation of cleaved caspase-9, cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved PARP were accompanied with the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Moreover, schisantherin A induced ROS-dependent JNK phosphorylation with higher ROS production. The JNK inhibitor and ROS scavenger NAC rescued the cell apoptosis and cycle inhibition elicited by schisantherin A. Furthermore, the expression level of antioxidant factor Nrf2 was suppressed by schisantherin A. These findings suggest that schisantherin A possesses an anti-tumor activity via activation of ROS/JNK with Nrf2 inhibition, indicating that schisantherin A is a promising chemotherapeutic candidate for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zishu Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province 233004, PR China
| | - Kaikai Yu
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China.
| | - Yudong Hu
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China.
| | - Fang Su
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province 233004, PR China
| | - Zhenyuan Gao
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province 233004, PR China
| | - Ting Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province 233004, PR China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province 233004, PR China
| | - Xiangliao Cao
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province 233004, PR China
| | - Feng Qian
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province 233004, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China; Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, PR China.
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18
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Modulation of Metamorphic and Regenerative Events by Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Exposure in Tadpoles, Xenopus laevis. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9142860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Atmospheric pressure plasma has found wide clinical applications including wound healing, tissue regeneration, sterilization, and cancer treatment. Here, we have investigated its effect on developmental processes like metamorphosis and tail regeneration in tadpoles. Plasma exposure hastens the process of tail regeneration but delays metamorphic development. The observed differences in these two developmental processes following plasma exposure are indicative of physiological costs associated with developmental plasticity for their survival. Ultrastructural changes in epidermis and mitochondria in response to the stress of tail amputation and plasma exposure show characteristics of cellular hypoxia and oxidative stress. Mitochondria show morphological changes such as swelling with wide and fewer cristae and seem to undergo processes such as fission and fusion. Complex interactions between calcium, peroxisomes, mitochondria and their pore transition pathways are responsible for changes in mitochondrial structure and function, suggesting the subcellular site of action of plasma in this system.
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19
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Liao X, Fan Y, Hou J, Chen X, Xu X, Yang Y, Shen J, Mi P, Huang X, Zhang W, Cao H, Hong X, Hu T, Zhan YY. Identification of Chaetocin as a Potent non-ROS-mediated Anticancer Drug Candidate for Gastric Cancer. J Cancer 2019; 10:3678-3690. [PMID: 31333785 PMCID: PMC6636309 DOI: 10.7150/jca.32803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Chaetocin, a natural product extracted from Chaetomium species, possesses anticancer effects in several kinds of tumors. However, it remains unclear whether the potential indication for chaetocin could also include human gastric cancer. We found here that chaetocin induced caspase-dependent and -independent apoptosis in human gastric cancer cell lines, which greatly depended on BID-mediated AIF translocation. Despite not increasing the intercellular ROS levels in gastric cancer cells, chaetocin did cause a reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential probably through its regulation on the expression of Bcl-2 and BAX. Chaetocin could also induce autophagy in gastric cancer cells; blocking autophagy by chloroquine enhanced the cytotoxicity of chaetocin. Chaetocin was further found to suppress the growth of gastric cancer xenograft in nude mice. Therefore, our study provides first evidence that chaetocin has an anticancer efficacy against gastric cancer and the combined use of chaetocin with autophagy inhibitors may enhance the therapeutic effect for gastric cancer. As chronic and exorbitant ROS levels instigate drug resistance, chaetocin, which eradicates gastric cancer cells without increasing ROS levels, may initiate a new line of non-ROS-mediated anti-tumor strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwen Liao
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Yaqiong Fan
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Jihuan Hou
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Xiong Chen
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolin Xu
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Yifan Yang
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Jinying Shen
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Panying Mi
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohua Huang
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Wenqing Zhang
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Hanwei Cao
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoting Hong
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Tianhui Hu
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Yan Zhan
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, P.R. China
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20
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Neagu M, Constantin C, Popescu ID, Zipeto D, Tzanakakis G, Nikitovic D, Fenga C, Stratakis CA, Spandidos DA, Tsatsakis AM. Inflammation and Metabolism in Cancer Cell-Mitochondria Key Player. Front Oncol 2019; 9:348. [PMID: 31139559 PMCID: PMC6527883 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer metabolism is an essential aspect of tumorigenesis, as cancer cells have increased energy requirements in comparison to normal cells. Thus, an enhanced metabolism is needed in order to accommodate tumor cells' accelerated biological functions, including increased proliferation, vigorous migration during metastasis, and adaptation to different tissues from the primary invasion site. In this context, the assessment of tumor cell metabolic pathways generates crucial data pertaining to the mechanisms through which tumor cells survive and grow in a milieu of host defense mechanisms. Indeed, various studies have demonstrated that the metabolic signature of tumors is heterogeneous. Furthermore, these metabolic changes induce the exacerbated production of several molecules, which result in alterations that aid an inflammatory milieu. The therapeutic armentarium for oncology should thus include metabolic and inflammation regulators. Our expanding knowledge of the metabolic behavior of tumor cells, whether from solid tumors or hematologic malignancies, may provide the basis for the development of tailor-made cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Neagu
- Immunology Laboratory, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania.,Doctoral School, Biology Faculty, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania.,Pathology Department, Colentina Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Carolina Constantin
- Immunology Laboratory, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania.,Pathology Department, Colentina Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Iulia Dana Popescu
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Donato Zipeto
- Department Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Science, School of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - George Tzanakakis
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Dragana Nikitovic
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Concettina Fenga
- Biomedical, Odontoiatric, Morphological and Functional Images Department, Occupational Medicine Section, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Constantine A Stratakis
- Section on Genetics & Endocrinology (SEGEN), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD), NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Demetrios A Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aristidis M Tsatsakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
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21
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n-alkylamino analogs of Vitamin K3: Electrochemical, DFT and anticancer activity of their oxidized and one electron reduced form. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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22
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Shankaraiah N, Nekkanti S, Ommi O, P.S. LS. Diverse Targeted Approaches to Battle Multidrug Resistance in Cancer. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:7059-7080. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180410110729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 01/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
:
The efficacy of successful cancer therapies is frequently hindered by the development of drug
resistance in the tumor. The term ‘drug resistance’ is used to illustrate the decreased effectiveness of a
drug in curing a disease or alleviating the symptoms of the patient. This phenomenon helps tumors to survive
the damage caused by a specific drug or group of drugs. In this context, studying the mechanisms of
drug resistance and applying this information to design customized treatment regimens can improve therapeutic
efficacy as well as the curative outcome. Over the years, numerous Multidrug Resistance (MDR)
mechanisms have been recognized and tremendous effort has been put into developing agents to address
them. The integration of data emerging from the elucidation of molecular and biochemical pathways and
specific tumor-associated factors has shown tremendous promise within the oncology community for improving
patient outcomes. In this review, we provide an overview of the utility of these molecular and biochemical
signaling processes as well as tumor-associated factors associated with MDR, for the rational
selection of cancer treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagula Shankaraiah
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500 037, India
| | - Shalini Nekkanti
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500 037, India
| | - Ojaswitha Ommi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500 037, India
| | - Lakshmi Soukya P.S.
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500 037, India
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23
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Lanthanum-Containing Magnesium Alloy with Antitumor Function Based on Increased Reactive Oxygen Species. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/app8112109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Developing antitumor implants is of great significance to repair tumor-induced bone defects and simultaneously prevent bone tumor recurrence. The tumor cells, compared to normal cells, have a high reactive oxygen species level. They are vulnerable to oxidative insults under increased intrinsic oxidative stress. The lanthanum (La) ion with high phospholipid binding ability can open the mitochondrial permeability transition pore, which blocks the electron transport chain in the mitochondria, and consequently increases reactive oxygen species level. In this study, La was alloyed to Mg-6Zn-0.5Zr (ZK60) through selective laser melting technology. The results indicated that the mitochondrial membrane potential dropped whilst the reactive oxygen species increased as the La content increased. ZK60-1.0La revealed a high cell inhibition rate of 61.9% for bone tumor cell and high cell viability of 91.9% for normal cells, indicating that the alloy could induce bone tumor cell death, as well as exhibit good biocompatibility for normal cell. In addition, its degradation rate 1.23 mm/year was lower than that of ZK60 alloy 2.13 mm/year, which was mainly attributed to the grain refinement.
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Maraming P, Klaynongsruang S, Boonsiri P, Maijaroen S, Daduang S, Chung JG, Daduang J. Antitumor activity of RT2 peptide derived from crocodile leukocyte peptide on human colon cancer xenografts in nude mice. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2018; 33:972-977. [PMID: 30019842 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
RT2, derived from the leukocyte peptide of Crocodylus siamensis, can kill human cervical cancer cells via apoptosis induction, but no evidence has shown in vivo. In this study, we investigated the antitumor effect of RT2 on human colon cancer xenografts in nude mice. Twenty-four mice were injected subcutaneously with human colon cancer HCT 116 cells. Eleven days after cancer cell implantation, the mice were treated with intratumoral injections of phosphate buffered saline (PBS) or RT2 (0.01, 0.1, and 1 mg/mouse) once every 2 days for a total of 5 times. The effect of a 10-day intratumoral injection of RT2 on body weight, biochemical, and hematological parameters in BALB/c mice showed no significant difference between the groups. Tumor volume showed a significant decrease only in the treatment group with RT2 (1 mg/mouse) at day 6 (P < .05), day 8 (P < .01), and day 10 (P < .01) after the first treatment. The protein expression levels of cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), and the p53 tumor suppressor protein (p53) in xenograft tumors increased after treatment with RT2 (1 mg/mouse) compared to those in the PBS-injected group. Moreover, RT2 increased the expression of Endo G and Bcl-2 family proteins. Therefore, the peptide RT2 can inhibit tumor growth via the induction of apoptosis in an in vivo xenograft model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pornsuda Maraming
- Biomedical Sciences Program, Graduate School, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sompong Klaynongsruang
- Protein and Proteomics Research Center for Commercial and Industrial Purposes (ProCCI), Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Patcharee Boonsiri
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Surachai Maijaroen
- Protein and Proteomics Research Center for Commercial and Industrial Purposes (ProCCI), Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sakda Daduang
- Division of Pharmacognosy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Jing-Gung Chung
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jureerut Daduang
- Center for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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25
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Babes RM, Tofolean IT, Sandu RG, Baran OE, Cosoreanu V, Ilie MT, Duta AI, Ceausescu MC, Ciucur PM, Costache S, Ganea C, Baran I. Simple discrimination of sub-cycling cells by propidium iodide flow cytometric assay in Jurkat cell samples with extensive DNA fragmentation. Cell Cycle 2018; 17:766-779. [PMID: 29417873 PMCID: PMC5969556 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2018.1426415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Human leukemia Jurkat T cells were analyzed for apoptosis and cell cycle by flow cytometry, using the Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) standard assay, and a simple PI staining in Triton X-100/digitonin-enriched PI/RNase buffer, respectively. Cells treated with doxorubicin or menadione displayed a very strong correlation between the apoptotic cell fraction measured by the Annexin V/PI assay, and the weight of a secondary cell population that emerged on the forward scatter (FS)/PI plot, as well as on the side scatter (SS)/PI and FL1/PI plots generated from parallel cell cycle recordings. In both cases, the Pearson correlation coefficients were >0.99. In cell cycle determinations, PI fluorescence was detected on FL3 (620/30 nm), and control samples exhibited the expected linear dependence of FL3 on FL1 (525/40 nm) signals. However, increasing doses of doxorubicin or menadione generated a growing subpopulation of cells displaying a definite right-shift on the FS/FL3, SS/FL3 and FL1/FL3 plots, as well as decreased PI fluorescence, indicative of ongoing fragmentation and loss of nuclear DNA. By gating on these events, the resulting fraction of presumably sub-cycling cells (i.e. cells with cleaved DNA, counting sub-G0/G1, sub-S and sub-G2/M cells altogether) was closely similar to the apoptotic rate assessed by Annexin V/PI labeling. Taken together, these findings suggest a possible way to recognize the entire population of cells undergoing apoptotic DNA cleavage and simultaneously determine the cell cycle distribution of non-apoptotic cells in PI-labeled cell samples with various degrees of DNA fragmentation, using a simple and reproducible multiparametric analysis of flow cytometric recordings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Roxana Gabriela Sandu
- “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dept. of Biophysics, 8 Eroii Sanitari, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Oana Elena Baran
- “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dept. of Biophysics, 8 Eroii Sanitari, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Vlad Cosoreanu
- “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dept. of Biophysics, 8 Eroii Sanitari, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Maria Teodora Ilie
- “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dept. of Biophysics, 8 Eroii Sanitari, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alexandru Ionut Duta
- “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dept. of Biophysics, 8 Eroii Sanitari, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Maria Catalina Ceausescu
- “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dept. of Biophysics, 8 Eroii Sanitari, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Paul Mihai Ciucur
- “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dept. of Biophysics, 8 Eroii Sanitari, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Simona Costache
- “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dept. of Biophysics, 8 Eroii Sanitari, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Constanta Ganea
- “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dept. of Biophysics, 8 Eroii Sanitari, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Irina Baran
- “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dept. of Biophysics, 8 Eroii Sanitari, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
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Hu Y, Yu K, Wang G, Zhang D, Shi C, Ding Y, Hong D, Zhang D, He H, Sun L, Zheng JN, Sun S, Qian F. Lanatoside C inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis through attenuating Wnt/β-catenin/c-Myc signaling pathway in human gastric cancer cell. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 150:280-292. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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27
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Vitamin K: Redox-modulation, prevention of mitochondrial dysfunction and anticancer effect. Redox Biol 2018; 16:352-358. [PMID: 29597144 PMCID: PMC5953218 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This review is directed to the redox-modulating properties and anticancer effect of vitamin K. The concept is focused on two aspects: (i) redox-cycle of vitamin K and its effect on the calcium homeostasis, “oncogenic” and “onco-suppressive” reactive oxygen species and the specific induction of oxidative stress in cancer; (ii) vitamin K plus C as a powerful redox-system, which forms a bypass between mitochondrial complexes II and III and thus prevents mitochondrial dysfunction, restores oxidative phosphorylation and aerobic glycolysis, modulates the redox-state of endogenous redox-pairs, eliminates the hypoxic environment of cancer cells and induces cell death. The analyzed data suggest that vitamin C&K can sensitize cancer cells to conventional chemotherapy, which allows achievement of a lower effective dose of the drug and minimizing the harmful side-effects. The review is intended for a wide audience of readers - from students to specialists in the field.
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Ma D, Gilbert T, Pignanelli C, Tarade D, Noel M, Mansour F, Gupta M, Ma S, Ropat J, Curran C, Vshyvenko S, Hudlicky T, Pandey S. Exploiting mitochondrial and oxidative vulnerabilities with a synthetic analog of pancratistatin in combination with piperlongumine for cancer therapy. FASEB J 2018; 32:417-430. [PMID: 28928246 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201700275r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Harsh adverse effects as a result of nonspecific targeting of chemotherapeutics currently pose obstacles in cancer therapy; thus, it would be invaluable to devise novel approaches to specifically target cancer cells. The natural compound pancratistatin (PST) has been shown to preferentially induce apoptosis in a variety of cancer cell types. Recently, several analogs of PST were shown to be efficacious in inducing apoptosis in a variety of aggressive cancer cell types via cancer cell mitochondrial targeting; it caused dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential and decreased oxygen consumption, and with isolated mitochondria, it induced the release of apoptogenic factors. The natural compound piperlongumine has been shown to target the stress response to reactive oxygen species in cancer cells. We explored the combinatorial potential of two small molecules (SVTH-6 and piperlongumine) that target these vulnerabilities in cancer cells. Interestingly, when combined with the PST analog, SVTH-6, an increase in mitochondrial dysfunction was observed, leading to an enhanced cytotoxic effect against several human cancer cell types. Additionally, this combination treatment was effective in reducing cancer cell growth in physiologically more relevant 3-dimensional spheroid cell cultures. This enhanced effect was found to be dependent on reactive oxygen species generation because an antioxidant could rescue cancer cells from this combination treatment. Importantly, noncancerous cells were markedly less sensitive to this combination treatment. Thus, targeting mitochondrial and oxidative stress vulnerabilities of cancer cells could be an effective strategy for cancer therapy.-Ma, D., Gilbert, T., Pignanelli, C., Tarade, D., Noel, M., Mansour, F., Gupta, M., Ma, S., Ropat, J., Curran, C., Vshyvenko, S., Hudlicky, T., Pandey. S. Exploiting mitochondrial and oxidative vulnerabilities with a synthetic analog of pancratistatin in combination with piperlongumine for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Ma
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tyler Gilbert
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christopher Pignanelli
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel Tarade
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada
| | - Megan Noel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fadi Mansour
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada
| | - Manika Gupta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sabrina Ma
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jesse Ropat
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada
| | - Colin Curran
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sergey Vshyvenko
- Chemistry Department, Brock University, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Biotechnology, Brock University, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tomas Hudlicky
- Chemistry Department, Brock University, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Biotechnology, Brock University, Ontario, Canada
| | - Siyaram Pandey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada;
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Sodano F, Gazzano E, Fraix A, Rolando B, Lazzarato L, Russo M, Blangetti M, Riganti C, Fruttero R, Gasco A, Sortino S. A Molecular Hybrid for Mitochondria-Targeted NO Photodelivery. ChemMedChem 2017; 13:87-96. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201700608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 11/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Sodano
- Department of Science and Drug Technology; University of Torino; 10125 Torino Italy
| | - Elena Gazzano
- Department of Oncology; University of Torino; Via Santena 5/bis 10126 Torino Italy
| | - Aurore Fraix
- Laboratory of Photochemistry, Department of Drug Sciences; University of Catania; 95125 Catania Italy
| | - Barbara Rolando
- Department of Science and Drug Technology; University of Torino; 10125 Torino Italy
| | - Loretta Lazzarato
- Department of Science and Drug Technology; University of Torino; 10125 Torino Italy
| | - Marina Russo
- Laboratory of Photochemistry, Department of Drug Sciences; University of Catania; 95125 Catania Italy
| | - Marco Blangetti
- Department of Science and Drug Technology; University of Torino; 10125 Torino Italy
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology; University of Torino; Via Santena 5/bis 10126 Torino Italy
| | - Roberta Fruttero
- Department of Science and Drug Technology; University of Torino; 10125 Torino Italy
| | - Alberto Gasco
- Department of Science and Drug Technology; University of Torino; 10125 Torino Italy
| | - Salvatore Sortino
- Laboratory of Photochemistry, Department of Drug Sciences; University of Catania; 95125 Catania Italy
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Lan YL, Wang X, Xing JS, Yu ZL, Lou JC, Ma XC, Zhang B. Anti-cancer effects of dopamine in human glioma: involvement of mitochondrial apoptotic and anti-inflammatory pathways. Oncotarget 2017; 8:88488-88500. [PMID: 29179451 PMCID: PMC5687621 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the emergence of innovative cancer treatment strategies, the global burden imposed by malignant glioma is expected to increase; thus, new approaches for treating the disease are urgently required. Dopamine, a monoamine catecholamine neurotransmitter, is currently regarded as an important endogenous regulator of tumor growth. Dopamine may play an important role in glioma treatment; however, the mechanism underlying the anti-tumor activity of dopamine remains poorly understood. Here, we explored the potential roles of dopamine in glioma and highlight the importance of endogenous regulators of tumor growth. We report that dopamine inhibited glioma cell proliferation. We investigated the biological functions of dopamine via migration, colony formation and apoptosis assays in glioma cells. We also evaluated cytochrome c release from the mitochondria and p50 and p65 subcellular localization by fluorescence microscopy. We performed western blotting and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction to detect apoptosis and inflammatory marker protein and gene expression levels, respectively. NF-κB p50/p65 nuclear localization was analyzed after U87MG and U251 cells were treated with dopamine. The in vivo anti-tumor efficacy of dopamine was also analyzed in xenograft mice. Taken together, our results indicated that dopamine induced apoptosis by activating the cytochrome c and caspase-dependent apoptotic pathway. Moreover, dopamine markedly down-regulated inflammation-related protein expression levels and p50/p65 NF-κB nuclear localization in tumor cells, thereby inhibiting increases in tumor weight and size in xenograft mice. Thus, therapies targeting the mitochondrial apoptotic and anti-inflammatory signaling pathways regulated by dopamine may represent promising treatments for human glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Long Lan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Non-Directly Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116033, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.,Department of Physiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xun Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Non-Directly Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116033, China
| | - Jin-Shan Xing
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zhen-Long Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Jia-Cheng Lou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xiao-Chi Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China
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Abstract
Mitochondria play a key role in ATP generation, redox homeostasis and regulation of apoptosis. Due to the essential role of mitochondria in metabolism and cell survival, targeting mitochondria in cancer cells is considered as an attractive therapeutic strategy. However, metabolic flexibility in cancer cells may enable the upregulation of compensatory pathways, such as glycolysis to support cancer cell survival when mitochondrial metabolism is inhibited. Thus, compounds capable of both targeting mitochondria and inhibiting glycolysis may be particularly useful to overcome such drug-resistant mechanism. This review provides an update on recent development in the field of targeting mitochondria and novel compounds that impact mitochondria, glycolysis or both. Key challenges in this research area and potential solutions are also discussed.
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Pedro Z, Benjamín R, Marcela M, Haroldo M, Patricio G, Ociel M. Biological and antioxidant activity of Gunnera tinctoria (Nalca). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.5897/jmpr2017.6376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Anand J, Rai N. Anticandidal synergistic activity of green tea catechins, antimycotics and copper sulphate as a mean of combinational drug therapy against candidiasis. J Mycol Med 2017; 27:33-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2016.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Revised: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Cancer Cell Mitochondria Targeting by Pancratistatin Analogs is Dependent on Functional Complex II and III. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42957. [PMID: 28220885 PMCID: PMC5318952 DOI: 10.1038/srep42957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Enhanced mitochondrial stability and decreased dependence on oxidative phosphorylation confer an acquired resistance to apoptosis in cancer cells, but may present opportunities for therapeutic intervention. The compound pancratistatin (PST) has been shown to selectively induce apoptosis in cancer cells. However, its low availability in nature has hindered its clinical advancement. We synthesized PST analogs and a medium-throughput screen was completed. Analogs SVTH-7, -6, and -5 demonstrated potent anti-cancer activity greater than PST and several standard chemotherapeutics. They disrupted mitochondrial function, activated the intrinsic apoptotic pathway, and reduced growth of tumor xenografts in vivo. Interestingly, the pro-apoptotic effects of SVTH-7 on cancer cells and mitochondria were abrogated with the inhibition of mitochondrial complex II and III, suggesting mitochondrial or metabolic vulnerabilities may be exploited by this analog. This work provides a scaffold for characterizing distinct mitochondrial and metabolic features of cancer cells and reveals several lead compounds with high therapeutic potential.
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In Vitro Chemopreventive Properties of Green Tea, Rooibos and Honeybush Extracts in Skin Cells. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21121622. [PMID: 27897996 PMCID: PMC6273016 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21121622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2016] [Revised: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemopreventive properties of the herbal teas rooibos (Aspalathus linearis) and honeybush (Cyclopia spp.) have been demonstrated on mouse skin in vivo but the underlying mechanisms are not clear. The aim of the current study was to determine the anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic activity of methanol and aqueous extracts of rooibos and two Cyclopia species in different skin cells, using green tea (Camellia sinensis) as a benchmark. Extracts were also characterised for their major individual polyphenols by high performance liquid chromatography and spectroscopically for the total polyphenol (TP) groups. The methanol extract of rooibos, containing higher levels of polyphenols than its aqueous extract, displayed similar activity to green tea as it selectively targeted premalignant cells by inhibiting cell proliferation at lower concentrations whilst inducing apoptosis via membrane depolarisation at higher concentrations. Specific roles of the major rooibos dihydrochalcones and flavanol/proanthocyanidin-type (FLAVA) compounds are likely to be involved. The aqueous extracts of the Cyclopia species were more active against cell proliferation and at inducing apoptosis which was associated with a higher FLAVA content and a reduced TP/FLAVA ratio. In contrast, their methanol extracts exhibited a cytoprotective effect against apoptosis which was related to their monomeric xanthone and flavanone content. The underlying chemopreventive properties of green tea and the herbal teas appear to be associated with diverse and complex monomeric/polymeric polyphenolic cell interactions.
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Salimi A, Roudkenar MH, Sadeghi L, Mohseni A, Seydi E, Pirahmadi N, Pourahmad J. Selective Anticancer Activity of Acacetin Against Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Using Both In Vivo and In Vitro Methods: Key Role of Oxidative Stress and Cancerous Mitochondria. Nutr Cancer 2016; 68:1404-1416. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2016.1235717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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37
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Magcwebeba TU, Riedel S, Swanevelder S, Swart P, De Beer D, Joubert E, Andreas Gelderblom WC. The potential role of polyphenols in the modulation of skin cell viability by Aspalathus linearis and Cyclopia spp. herbal tea extracts in vitro. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 68:1440-1453. [PMID: 27671741 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The relationship between polyphenol constituents, antioxidant properties of aqueous and methanol extracts of green tea (Camellia sinensis), the herbal teas, rooibos (Aspalathus linearis) and honeybush (Cyclopia spp.), against skin cell viability was investigated in vitro. METHODS The effect of extracts, characterised in terms of polyphenol content and antioxidant properties, on cell viability of premalignant, normal and malignant skin cells was determined. KEY FINDINGS Phenolic composition, particularly high levels of potent antioxidants, of rooibos and green tea methanol extracts was associated with a strong reduction in cell viability specifically targeting premalignant cells. In contrast, the aqueous extracts of Cyclopia spp. were more effective in reducing cell viability. This correlated with a relatively high flavanol/proanthocyanidin content and ABTS radical cation scavenging capacity. The major green tea flavanol (epigallocatechin gallate) and rooibos dihydrochalcone (aspalathin) exhibited differential effects against cell viability, while the major honeybush xanthone (mangiferin) and flavanone (hesperidin) lacked any effect presumably due to a cytoprotective effect. The underlying mechanisms against skin cell viability are likely to involve mitochondrial dysfunction resulting from polyphenol-iron interactions. CONCLUSIONS The polyphenol constituents and antioxidant parameters of herbal tea extracts are useful tools to predict their activity against skin cell survival in vitro and potential chemopreventive effects in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sylvia Riedel
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Sonja Swanevelder
- Biostatistics Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Pieter Swart
- Department of Biochemistry, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Dalene De Beer
- Agricultural Research Council, Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Elizabeth Joubert
- Agricultural Research Council, Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, Stellenbosch, South Africa.,Department of Food Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Wentzel Christoffel Andreas Gelderblom
- Department of Biochemistry, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa. .,Institute of Biomedical and Microbial Biotechnology, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville, South Africa.
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Agarwal NR, Maurya N, Pawar JS, Ghosh I. A combined approach against tumorigenesis using glucose deprivation and mitochondrial complex 1 inhibition by rotenone. Cell Biol Int 2016; 40:821-31. [DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nupur Rani Agarwal
- Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, ; Laboratory # 103, School of Environmental Sciences; Jawaharlal Nehru University; New Delhi 110067 India
| | - Nancy Maurya
- Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, ; Laboratory # 103, School of Environmental Sciences; Jawaharlal Nehru University; New Delhi 110067 India
| | - Jogendra Singh Pawar
- Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, ; Laboratory # 103, School of Environmental Sciences; Jawaharlal Nehru University; New Delhi 110067 India
| | - Ilora Ghosh
- Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, ; Laboratory # 103, School of Environmental Sciences; Jawaharlal Nehru University; New Delhi 110067 India
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Chaudhary AK, Bhat TA, Kumar S, Kumar A, Kumar R, Underwood W, Koochekpour S, Shourideh M, Yadav N, Dhar S, Chandra D. Mitochondrial dysfunction-mediated apoptosis resistance associates with defective heat shock protein response in African-American men with prostate cancer. Br J Cancer 2016; 114:1090-100. [PMID: 27115471 PMCID: PMC4865976 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2016.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND African-American (AA) patients with prostate cancer (PCa) respond poorly to current therapy compared with Caucasian American (CA) PCa patients. Although underlying mechanisms are not defined, mitochondrial dysfunction is a key reason for this disparity. METHODS Cell death, cell cycle, and mitochondrial function/stress were analysed by flow cytometry or by Seahorse XF24 analyzer. Expression of cellular proteins was determined using immunoblotting and real-time PCR analyses. Cell survival/motility was evaluated by clonogenic, cell migration, and gelatin zymography assays. RESULTS Glycolytic pathway inhibitor dichloroacetate (DCA) inhibited cell proliferation in both AA PCa cells (AA cells) and CA PCa cells (CA cells). AA cells possess reduced endogenous reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial membrane potential (mtMP), and mitochondrial mass compared with CA cells. DCA upregulated mtMP in both cell types, whereas mitochondrial mass was significantly increased in CA cells. DCA enhanced taxol-induced cell death in CA cells while sensitising AA cells to doxorubicin. Reduced expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) was observed in AA cells, whereas DCA induced expression of CHOP, C/EBP, HSP60, and HSP90 in CA cells. AA cells are more aggressive and metastatic than CA cells. CONCLUSIONS Restoration of mitochondrial function may provide new option for reducing PCa health disparity among American men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay K Chaudhary
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Tariq A Bhat
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Anil Kumar
- NanoTherapeutics Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Willie Underwood
- Department of Urology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Shahriar Koochekpour
- Department of Urology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.,Department of Cancer Genetics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Mojgan Shourideh
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Neelu Yadav
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Shanta Dhar
- NanoTherapeutics Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Dhyan Chandra
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
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Hu Z, Lv G, Li Y, Li E, Li H, Zhou Q, Yang B, Cao W. Enhancement of anti-tumor effects of 5-fluorouracil on hepatocellular carcinoma by low-intensity ultrasound. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2016; 35:71. [PMID: 27102814 PMCID: PMC4840943 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-016-0349-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for 75 % of liver cancers and is the second most lethal cancer, associated with its multiple etiologies, poor prognosis and resistance to chemotherapy drugs. Chemotherapy treatment on HCC suffers low efficacy of drug uptake and can produce a range of side effects. Here we report an investigation on the effect of a combined treatment on human hepatocellular carcinoma BEL-7402 cells using low-intensity ultrasound (US) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Methods The uptake of 5-FU was measured by the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). DNA damage was detected by the comet assay. MTT assay was used to examine cell viability. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) were respectively detected by the fluorescent probes DCFH-DA or JC-1. Endogenous apoptosis-associated proteins were analyzed by the western blot and immunohistochemistry. Histopathological changes were evaluated by the hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Cell apoptosis was evaluated by the TUNEL and flow cytometry assays. Cell proliferation was measured using the immunohistochemical staining of PCNA. Results Our results showed that low-intensity US (1.1 MHz, 1.0 W/cm2, 10 % duty cycle) significantly enhanced the uptake of 5-FU, 5-FU-mediated DNA damage and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. The increased ROS production up-regulated the p53 protein level, which led to the up-regulation of Bax and down-regulation of Bcl-2. The enhancement of ROS generation and the activation of the apoptosis-associated proteins further triggered the collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential, released cytochrome c from mitochondria into cytosol and activated the mitochondria-caspase pathway, and cell apoptosis. Such enhanced effects could be partially blocked by the ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine (NAC). Overall, low-intensity US combined with 5-FU led to an effective inhibition of tumor growth and prolonged overall survival of BEL-7402 HCC-bearing nude mice by more than 15 % compared with 5-FU treatment alone. Conclusions Our results showed that low-intensity ultrasound combined with 5-FU produced much enhanced synergistic anti-tumor effects via enhanced ROS production in treating HCC. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13046-016-0349-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Hu
- Laboratory of Sono- and Photo-theranostic Technologies, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Guixiang Lv
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Yongning Li
- Laboratory of Sono- and Photo-theranostic Technologies, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Enze Li
- Laboratory of Sono- and Photo-theranostic Technologies, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Haixia Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Laboratory of Sono- and Photo-theranostic Technologies, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Laboratory of Sono- and Photo-theranostic Technologies, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Wenwu Cao
- Laboratory of Sono- and Photo-theranostic Technologies, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China. .,Department of Mathematics, and Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, 16802, PA, USA.
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Tofolean IT, Ganea C, Ionescu D, Filippi A, Garaiman A, Goicea A, Gaman MA, Dimancea A, Baran I. Cellular determinants involving mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and apoptosis correlate with the synergic cytotoxicity of epigallocatechin-3-gallate and menadione in human leukemia Jurkat T cells. Pharmacol Res 2015; 103:300-17. [PMID: 26687095 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2015.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Revised: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated the growth-suppressive action of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on human leukemia Jurkat T cells. Results show a strong correlation between the dose-dependent reduction of clonogenic survival following acute EGCG treatments and the EGCG-induced decline of the mitochondrial level of Ca(2+). The cell killing ability of EGCG was synergistically enhanced by menadione. In addition, the cytotoxic effect of EGCG applied alone or in combination with menadione was accompanied by apoptosis induction. We also observed that in acute treatments EGCG displays strong antioxidant properties in the intracellular milieu, but concurrently triggers some oxidative stress generating mechanisms that can fully develop on a longer timescale. In parallel, EGCG dose-dependently induced mitochondrial depolarization during exposure, but this condition was subsequently reversed to a persistent hyperpolarized mitochondrial state that was dependent on the activity of respiratory Complex I. Fluorimetric measurements suggest that EGCG is a mitochondrial Complex III inhibitor and indicate that EGCG evokes a specific cellular fluorescence with emission at 400nm and two main excitation bands (at 330nm and 350nm) that may originate from a mitochondrial supercomplex containing dimeric Complex III and dimeric ATP-synthase, and therefore could provide a valuable means to characterize the functional properties of the respiratory chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Teodora Tofolean
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dept. of Biophysics, 8 Eroii Sanitari, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Constanta Ganea
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dept. of Biophysics, 8 Eroii Sanitari, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Diana Ionescu
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dept. of Biophysics, 8 Eroii Sanitari, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alexandru Filippi
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dept. of Biophysics, 8 Eroii Sanitari, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alexandru Garaiman
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dept. of Biophysics, 8 Eroii Sanitari, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alexandru Goicea
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dept. of Biophysics, 8 Eroii Sanitari, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihnea-Alexandru Gaman
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dept. of Biophysics, 8 Eroii Sanitari, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alexandru Dimancea
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dept. of Biophysics, 8 Eroii Sanitari, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Irina Baran
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dept. of Biophysics, 8 Eroii Sanitari, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.
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Tumor-specific penetrating peptides-functionalized hyaluronic acid- d -α-tocopheryl succinate based nanoparticles for multi-task delivery to invasive cancers. Biomaterials 2015; 71:11-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Revised: 08/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Yang X, Dong QF, Li LW, Huo JL, Li PQ, Fei Z, Zhen HN. The cap-translation inhibitor 4EGI-1 induces mitochondrial dysfunction via regulation of mitochondrial dynamic proteins in human glioma U251 cells. Neurochem Int 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2015.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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44
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Xu X, Wang X, Fu B, Meng L, Lang B. Differentially expressed genes and microRNAs in bladder carcinoma cell line 5637 and T24 detected by RNA sequencing. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2015; 8:12678-12687. [PMID: 26722457 PMCID: PMC4680402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Bladder carcinoma is a common malignancy with complicated treatment methods due to its heterogeneity. In this study, we focused on two bladder carcinoma cell lines, 5637 and T24, to compare their differences from the transcriptome level. RNA sequencing was used to generate the transcriptome data of the two cell line and the control cell line SV-HUC-1. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) of cell line 5637 and T24 were screened. Their annotation and analyses were conducted using gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) to predict their possible functions and pathways involved. Number of DEGs specific in cell line 5637, specific in cell line T24 and in both the cell lines was 880, 1512 and 1412, respectively. Number of differentially expressed miRNAs of the three categories was 7, 20 and 18, respectively. These DEGs and miRNAs participated in different biological processes and pathways, among which some were further verified by qRT-PCR. Interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), including STAT1, TMEM173 and OAS3, were down-regulated in cell line 5637 compared to SV-HUC-1. NDOR1 and NDUFV1, genes related to mitochondrial metabolism, were up-regulated in cell line T24. miR-4257, miR-6733 and gene WNT9A and WNT10A were down-regulated in both the cell lines. Thus cell line 5637 might have lower chemotherapy resistance while T24 might exhibit abnormal mitochondrial metabolism. These results uncovered major differences between cell line 5637 and T24, which indicated the two cell lines, should be selectively used in bladder carcinoma research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyuan Xu
- Key laboratory of System Bio-medicine of Jiangxi Province, Jiujiang UniversityJiujiang 332000, China
| | - Xinping Wang
- Key laboratory of System Bio-medicine of Jiangxi Province, Jiujiang UniversityJiujiang 332000, China
| | - Bin Fu
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330006, China
| | - Lirong Meng
- School of Health Sciences, Macao Polytechnic InstituteMacao, China
| | - Bin Lang
- School of Health Sciences, Macao Polytechnic InstituteMacao, China
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45
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Okon IS, Zou MH. Mitochondrial ROS and cancer drug resistance: Implications for therapy. Pharmacol Res 2015; 100:170-4. [PMID: 26276086 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2015.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Under physiological conditions, a well-coordinated and balanced redox system exists to ensure that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are appropriately utilized to accomplish specific functions, such as signaling and protein regulation. The influence of ROS within malignant cells, whether for good or bad may depend on several factors, such as tumor and tissue type, disease stage, treatment strategy, as well as duration, specificity and levels of ROS. What then are the known roles of ROS in cancer? Firstly, ROS significantly impacts cancer phenotypes. Secondly, the oxidative ROS property responsible for killing cancer cells, also impact secondary signaling networks. Thirdly, a strong correlation exist between ROS and genetic instability which may promote mutations. Finally, emerging observations suggest a role for mitochondrial ROS in cancer drug resistance, with implications for therapy. The mitochondria is a key regulator of metabolic-redox (meta-redox) alterations within cancer cells. Like a double-edged sword, mitochondrial ROS perturbations in cancer therapy may be beneficial or detrimental. However, harnessing ROS-specific cancer-targeting benefits remain a major challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imoh S Okon
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA.
| | - Ming-Hui Zou
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
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Prati F, Bergamini C, Molina MT, Falchi F, Cavalli A, Kaiser M, Brun R, Fato R, Bolognesi ML. 2-Phenoxy-1,4-naphthoquinones: From a Multitarget Antitrypanosomal to a Potential Antitumor Profile. J Med Chem 2015; 58:6422-34. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Prati
- Department of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6/Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Christian Bergamini
- Department of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6/Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Molina
- Instituto de Química Médica (IQM-CSIC), c/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Federico Falchi
- Department of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6/Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Department
of Drug Discovery and Development, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Andrea Cavalli
- Department of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6/Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Department
of Drug Discovery and Development, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Marcel Kaiser
- Swiss Tropical & Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Petersplatz
1, 4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Reto Brun
- Swiss Tropical & Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Petersplatz
1, 4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Romana Fato
- Department of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6/Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Bolognesi
- Department of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6/Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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47
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Zheng N, Zhang P, Huang H, Liu W, Hayashi T, Zang L, Zhang Y, Liu L, Xia M, Tashiro SI, Onodera S, Ikejima T. ERα down-regulation plays a key role in silibinin-induced autophagy and apoptosis in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. J Pharmacol Sci 2015; 128:97-107. [PMID: 26117209 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Revised: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) has been proven to be one of the most important therapeutic targets in breast cancer over the last 30 years. Previous studies pointed out that a natural flavonoid, silibinin, induced apoptosis in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. In the present study we report that exposure of MCF-7 cells to silibinin led to cell death through the down-regulation of ERα expression. Silibinin-induced apoptosis of MCF-7 cells through up-regulation of caspase 6 due to ERα signalling repression was further boosted by ERα antagonist. Moreover, up-regulation of autophagy induced by silibinin accounted for apoptotic exacerbation, being further enhanced by ERα inhibition. Upon ERα activation, series of downstream signalling pathways can be activated. We found that silibinin reduced the expressions of Akt/mTOR and extracellular-signal-related kinase (ERK), which respectively accounted for the induction of autophagy and apoptosis. These effects were further augmented by co-treatment with ERα inhibitor. We conclude that the treatment with silibinin of ERα-positive MCF-7 cells down-regulates the expression of ERα, and subsequently mTOR and ERK signaling pathways, ERα downstream, finally resulting in induction of autophagy and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zheng
- China-Japan Research Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- China-Japan Research Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Huai Huang
- China-Japan Research Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- China-Japan Research Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Toshihiko Hayashi
- China-Japan Research Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Linghe Zang
- China-Japan Research Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- China-Japan Research Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Lu Liu
- China-Japan Research Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Mingyu Xia
- China-Japan Research Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Shin-ichi Tashiro
- Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Kyoto 603-8072, Japan
| | - Satoshi Onodera
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Showa Pharmaceutical University, Tokyo 194-8543, Japan
| | - Takashi Ikejima
- China-Japan Research Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
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Leznev EI, Popova II, Lavrovskaja VP, Evtodienko YV. Comparison of oxygen consumption rates in minimally transformed BALB/3T3 and virus-transformed 3T3B-SV40 cells. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2014; 78:904-8. [PMID: 24228878 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297913080063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In the recent years, bioenergetics of tumor cells and particularly cell respiration have been attracting great attention because of the involvement of mitochondria in apoptosis and growing evidence of the possibility to diagnose and treat cancer by affecting the system of oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria. In the present work, a comparative study of oxygen consumption in 3T3B-SV40 cells transformed with oncovirus SV40 and parental BALB/3T3 cells was conducted. Such fractions of oxygen consumption as "phosphorylating" respiration coupled to ATP synthesis, "free" respiration not coupled to ATP synthesis, and "reserve" or hidden respiration observed in the presence of protonophore were determined. Maximal respiration was shown to be only slightly decreased in 3T3B-SV40 cells as compared to BALB/3T3. However, in the case of certain fractions of cellular respiration, the changes were significant. "Phosphorylating" respiration was found to be reduced to 54% and "reserve" respiration, on the contrary, increased up to 160% in virus-transformed 3T3B-SV40 cells. The low rate of "phosphorylating" respiration and high "reserve" respiration indicate that under normal incubation conditions the larger part of mitochondrial respiratory chains of the virus-transformed cells is in the resting state (i.e. there is no electron transfer to oxygen). The high "reserve" respiration is suggested to play an important role in preventing apoptosis of 3T3B-SV40 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- E I Leznev
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.
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Response to rotenone is glucose-sensitive in a model of human acute lymphoblastic leukemia: involvement of oxidative stress mechanism, DJ-1, Parkin, and PINK-1 proteins. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2014; 2014:457154. [PMID: 24949116 PMCID: PMC4037627 DOI: 10.1155/2014/457154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
To establish the effect of low (11 mM) and high (55 mM) glucose concentrations (G11, G55) on Jurkat cells exposed to rotenone (ROT, a class 5 mitocan). We demonstrated that ROT induces apoptosis in Jurkat cells cultured in G11 by oxidative stress (OS) mechanism involving the generation of anion superoxide radical (O2∙−, 68%)/hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, 54%), activation of NF-κB (32%), p53 (25%), c-Jun (17%) transcription factors, and caspase-3 (28%), apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF, 36%) nuclei translocation, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation, and loss of mitochondria transmembrane potential (ΔΨm, 62%) leading to nuclei fragmentation (~10% and ~40% stage I-II fragmented nuclei, resp.). ROT induces massive cytoplasmic aggregates of DJ-1 (93%), and upregulation of Parkin compared to untreated cells, but no effect on PINK-1 protein was observed. Cell death marker detection and DJ-1 and Parkin expression were significantly reduced when cells were cultured in G55 plus ROT. Remarkably, metformin sensitized Jurkat cells against ROT in G55. Our results indicate that a high-glucose milieu promotes resistance against ROT/H2O2-induced apoptosis in Jurkat cells. Our data suggest that combined therapy by using mitochondria-targeted damaging compounds and regulation of glucose (e.g., metformin) can efficiently terminate leukemia cells via apoptosis in hyperglycemic conditions.
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50
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Baran I, Ionescu D, Filippi A, Mocanu MM, Iftime A, Babes R, Tofolean IT, Irimia R, Goicea A, Popescu V, Dimancea A, Neagu A, Ganea C. Novel insights into the antiproliferative effects and synergism of quercetin and menadione in human leukemia Jurkat T cells. Leuk Res 2014; 38:836-49. [PMID: 24862793 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2014.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2013] [Revised: 04/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The flavonoid quercetin and menadione (vitamin K3) are known as potent apoptogens in human leukemia Jurkat T cells. We explored some underlying mechanisms and the potential relevance of the combination quercetin-menadione for clinical applications. In acute treatments, quercetin manifested a strong antioxidant character, but induced a transient loss of Δψm, likely mediated by opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. After removal of quercetin, persistent mitochondrial hyperpolarization was generated via stimulation of respiratory Complex I. In contrast, menadione-induced Δψm dissipation was only partially and transiently reversed after menadione removal. Results indicate that Ca(2+) release is a necessary event in quercetin-induced cell death and that the survival response to quercetin is delineated within 1h from exposure. Depending on dose, the two agents exhibited either antagonistic or synergistic effects in reducing clonogenicity of Jurkat cells. 24-h combinatorial regimens at equimolar concentrations of 10-15 μM, which are compatible with a clinically achievable (and safe) scheme, reduced cell viability at efficient rates. Altogether, these findings support the idea that the combination quercetin-menadione could improve the outcome of conventional leukemia therapies, and warrant the utility of additional studies to investigate the therapeutic effects of this combination in different cellular or animal models for leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Baran
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Biophysics, 8 Eroii Sanitari, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Diana Ionescu
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Biophysics, 8 Eroii Sanitari, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alexandru Filippi
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Biophysics, 8 Eroii Sanitari, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Maria Magdalena Mocanu
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Biophysics, 8 Eroii Sanitari, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adrian Iftime
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Biophysics, 8 Eroii Sanitari, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ramona Babes
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Biophysics, 8 Eroii Sanitari, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioana Teodora Tofolean
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Biophysics, 8 Eroii Sanitari, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ruxandra Irimia
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Biophysics, 8 Eroii Sanitari, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alexandru Goicea
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Biophysics, 8 Eroii Sanitari, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Valentin Popescu
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Biophysics, 8 Eroii Sanitari, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alexandru Dimancea
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Biophysics, 8 Eroii Sanitari, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andrei Neagu
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Biophysics, 8 Eroii Sanitari, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Constanta Ganea
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Biophysics, 8 Eroii Sanitari, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
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