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Jia H, Xu Y, Deng Y, Xie Y, Gao Z, Lang Z, Niu Q. Key transcription factors regulate fruit ripening and metabolite accumulation in tomato. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 195:2256-2273. [PMID: 38561990 PMCID: PMC11213253 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Fruit ripening is a complex process involving dynamic changes to metabolites and is controlled by multiple factors, including transcription factors (TFs). Several TFs are reportedly essential regulators of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit ripening. To evaluate the effects of specific TFs on metabolite accumulation during fruit ripening, we combined CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutagenesis with metabolome and transcriptome analyses to explore regulatory mechanisms. Specifically, we generated various genetically engineered tomato lines that differed regarding metabolite contents and fruit colors. The metabolite and transcript profiles indicated that the selected TFs have distinct functions that control fruit metabolite contents, especially carotenoids and sugars. Moreover, a mutation to ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5 (HY5) increased tomato fruit fructose and glucose contents by approximately 20% (relative to the wild-type levels). Our in vitro assay showed that HY5 can bind directly to the G-box cis-element in the Sugars Will Eventually be Exported Transporter (SWEET12c) promoter to activate expression, thereby modulating sugar transport. Our findings provide insights into the mechanisms regulating tomato fruit ripening and metabolic networks, providing the theoretical basis for breeding horticultural crops that produce fruit with diverse flavors and colors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Jia
- College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Yaping Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Advanced Academy, Anhui Agricultural University, Research Centre for Biological Breeding Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Yuanwei Deng
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Advanced Academy, Anhui Agricultural University, Research Centre for Biological Breeding Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Yinhuan Xie
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Advanced Academy, Anhui Agricultural University, Research Centre for Biological Breeding Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Zhongshan Gao
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058 Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhaobo Lang
- Institute of Advanced Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Qingfeng Niu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Advanced Academy, Anhui Agricultural University, Research Centre for Biological Breeding Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
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2
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Hu J, Wang J, Muhammad T, Yang T, Li N, Yang H, Yu Q, Wang B. Integrative Analysis of Metabolome and Transcriptome of Carotenoid Biosynthesis Reveals the Mechanism of Fruit Color Change in Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum). Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6493. [PMID: 38928199 PMCID: PMC11204166 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Tomato fruit ripening is accompanied by carotenoid accumulation and color changes. To elucidate the regulatory mechanisms underlying carotenoid synthesis during fruit ripening, a combined transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis was conducted on red-fruited tomato (WP190) and orange-fruited tomato (ZH108). A total of twenty-nine (29) different carotenoid compounds were identified in tomato fruits at six different stages. The abundance of the majority of the carotenoids was enhanced significantly with fruit ripening, with higher levels of lycopene; (E/Z)-lycopene; and α-, β- and γ-carotenoids detected in the fruits of WP190 at 50 and 60 days post anthesis (DPA). Transcriptome analysis revealed that the fruits of two varieties exhibited the highest number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at 50 DPA, and a module of co-expressed genes related to the fruit carotenoid content was established by WGCNA. qRT-PCR analysis validated the transcriptome result with a significantly elevated transcript level of lycopene biosynthesis genes (including SlPSY2, SlZCIS, SlPDS, SlZDS and SlCRTSO2) observed in WP190 at 50 DPA in comparison to ZH108. In addition, during the ripening process, the expression of ethylene biosynthesis (SlACSs and SlACOs) and signaling (SlEIN3 and SlERF1) genes was also increased, and these mechanisms may regulate carotenoid accumulation and fruit ripening in tomato. Differential expression of several key genes in the fruit of two tomato varieties at different stages regulates the accumulation of carotenoids and leads to differences in color between the two varieties of tomato. The results of this study provide a comprehensive understanding of carotenoid accumulation and ethylene biosynthesis and signal transduction pathway regulatory mechanisms during tomato fruit development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Hu
- College of Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
- Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables, Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830000, China; (J.W.)
| | - Juan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables, Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830000, China; (J.W.)
| | - Tayeb Muhammad
- Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables, Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830000, China; (J.W.)
| | - Tao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables, Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830000, China; (J.W.)
| | - Ning Li
- Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables, Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830000, China; (J.W.)
| | - Haitao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables, Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830000, China; (J.W.)
| | - Qinghui Yu
- College of Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
- Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables, Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830000, China; (J.W.)
| | - Baike Wang
- Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables, Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830000, China; (J.W.)
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3
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Zhang H, Zhang K, Zhao X, Bi M, Liu Y, Wang S, He Y, Ma K, Qi M. Galactinol synthase 2 influences the metabolism of chlorophyll, carotenoids, and ethylene in tomato fruits. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:3337-3350. [PMID: 38486362 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Galactinol synthase (GolS), which catalyses the synthesis of galactinol, is the first critical enzyme in the biosynthesis of raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) and contributes to plant growth and development, and resistance mechanisms. However, its role in fruit development remains largely unknown. In this study, we used CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing technology in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) to create the gols2 mutant showing uniformly green fruits without dark-green shoulders, and promoting fruit ripening. Analysis indicated that galactinol was undetectable in the ovaries and fruits of the mutant, and the accumulation of chlorophyll and chloroplast development was suppressed in the fruits. RNA-sequencing analysis showed that genes related to chlorophyll accumulation and chloroplast development were down-regulated, including PROTOCHLOROPHYLLIDE OXIDOREDUCTASE, GOLDEN 2-LIKE 2, and CHLOROPHYLL A/B-BINDING PROTEINS. In addition, early color transformation and ethylene release was prompted in the gols2 lines by regulation of the expression of genes involved in carotenoid and ethylene metabolism (e.g. PHYTOENE SYNTHASE 1, CAROTENE CIS-TRANS ISOMERASE, and 1-AMINOCYCLOPROPANE-1-CARBOXYLIC ACID SYNTHASE2/4) and fruit ripening (e.g. RIPENING INHIBITOR, NON-RIPENING, and APETALA2a). Our results provide evidence for the involvement of GolS2 in pigment and ethylene metabolism of tomato fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huidong Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design & Application Technology (Liaoning), Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture (Shenyang Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang, China
| | - Kunpeng Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design & Application Technology (Liaoning), Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture (Shenyang Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang, China
| | - Xueya Zhao
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design & Application Technology (Liaoning), Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture (Shenyang Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang, China
| | - Mengxi Bi
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design & Application Technology (Liaoning), Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture (Shenyang Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang, China
| | | | - Shuo Wang
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design & Application Technology (Liaoning), Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture (Shenyang Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang, China
| | - Yi He
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture (Shenyang Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang, China
| | - Kui Ma
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design & Application Technology (Liaoning), Shenyang, China
| | - Mingfang Qi
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design & Application Technology (Liaoning), Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture (Shenyang Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang, China
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Zhang C, Liang Q, Wang Y, Liang S, Huang Z, Li H, Escalona VH, Yao X, Cheng W, Chen Z, Zhang F, Wang Q, Tang Y, Sun B. BoaBZR1.1 mediates brassinosteroid-induced carotenoid biosynthesis in Chinese kale. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2024; 11:uhae104. [PMID: 38883328 PMCID: PMC11179724 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhae104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Brassinazole resistant 1 (BZR1), a brassinosteroid (BR) signaling component, plays a pivotal role in regulating numerous specific developmental processes. Our study demonstrated that exogenous treatment with 2,4-epibrassinolide (EBR) significantly enhanced the accumulation of carotenoids and chlorophylls in Chinese kale (Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra). The underlying mechanism was deciphered through yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) and dual-luciferase (LUC) assays, whereby BoaBZR1.1 directly interacts with the promoters of BoaCRTISO and BoaPSY2, activating their expression. This effect was further validated through overexpression of BoaBZR1.1 in Chinese kale calli and plants, both of which exhibited increased carotenoid accumulation. Additionally, qPCR analysis unveiled upregulation of carotenoid and chlorophyll biosynthetic genes in the T1 generation of BoaBZR1.1-overexpressing plants. These findings underscored the significance of BoaBZR1.1-mediated BR signaling in regulating carotenoid accumulation in Chinese kale and suggested the potential for enhancing the nutritional quality of Chinese kale through genetic engineering of BoaBZR1.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenlu Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qiannan Liang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yilin Wang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Sha Liang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zhi Huang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Huanxiu Li
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Victor Hugo Escalona
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago 8820000, Metropolitan Region, Chile
| | - Xingwei Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, 300192, China
- Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Wenjuan Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, 300192, China
- Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Zhifeng Chen
- College of Biology and Agriculture Technology, Zunyi Normal University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Fen Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qiaomei Wang
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yi Tang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Bo Sun
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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Zhang P, Wang Y, Zhu G, Zhu H. Developing carotenoids-enhanced tomato fruit with multi-transgene stacking strategies. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 210:108575. [PMID: 38554536 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
As natural dominant pigments, carotenoids and their derivatives not only contribute to fruit color and flavor quality but are regarded as phytochemicals beneficial to human health because of various bioactivities. Tomato is one of the most important vegetables as well as a main dietary source of carotenoids. So, it's of great importance to generate carotenoid-biofortified tomatoes. The carotenoid biosynthesis pathway is a network co-regulated by multiple enzymes and regulatory genes. Here, we assembled four binary constructs containing different combinations of four endogenous carotenoids metabolic-related genes, including SlORHis, SlDXS, SlPSY, and SlBHY by using a high efficiency multi-transgene stacking system and a series of fruit-specific promotors. Transgenic lines overexpression SlORHis alone, three genes (SlORHis/SlDXS/SlPSY), two genes (SlORHis/SlBHY), and all these four genes (SlORHis/SlDXS/SlPSY/SlBHY) were enriched with carotenoids to varying degrees. Notably, overexpressing SlORHis alone showed comparable effects with simultaneous overexpression of the key regulatory enzyme coding genes SlDXS, SlPSY, and SlORHis in promoting carotenoid accumulation. Downstream carotenoid derivatives zeaxanthin and violaxanthin were detected only in lines containing SlBHY. In addition, the sugar content and total antioxidant capacity of these carotenoids-enhanced tomatoes was also increased. These data provided useful information for the future developing of biofortified tomatoes with different carotenoid profiles, and confirmed a promising system for generation of nutrients biofortified tomatoes by multiple engineering genes stacking strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyu Zhang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Yifan Wang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Guoning Zhu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Hongliang Zhu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, PR China; Sichuan Advanced Agricultural & Industrial Institute, China Agriculture University, Chengdu, 611430, Sichuan, PR China.
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6
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Zheng X, Huang L, Fan B, Peng C, Iqbal A, Zhang Y, Chen H, Ye J, Yang Y. Integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics analyses of the effects of bagging treatment on carotenoid biosynthesis and regulation of Areca catechu L. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1364945. [PMID: 38628364 PMCID: PMC11018958 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1364945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Fresh Aareca nut fruit for fresh fruit chewing commonly found in green or dark green hues. Despite its economic significance, there is currently insufficient research on the study of color and luster of areca. And the areca nut fruits after bagging showed obvious color change from green to tender yellow. In the study, we tried to explain this interesting variation in exocarp color. Methods Fruits were bagged (with a double-layered black interior and yellow exterior) 45 days after pollination and subsequently harvested 120 days after pollination. In this study, we examined the the chlorophyll and carotenoid content of pericarp exocarp, integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics to study the effects of bagging on the carotenoid pathway at the molecular level. Results It was found that the chlorophyll and carotenoid content of bagged areca nut (YP) exocarp was significantly reduced. A total of 21 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) and 1784 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened by transcriptomics and metabolomics. Three key genes in the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway as candidate genes for qPCR validation by co-analysis, which suggested their role in the regulation of pathways related to crtB, crtZ and CYP707A. Discussion We described that light intensity may appear as a main factor influencing the noted shift from green to yellow and the ensuing reduction in carotenoid content after bagging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zheng
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang, China
- National Nanfan Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, China
| | - Liyun Huang
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang, China
| | - Benyi Fan
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang, China
- National Nanfan Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, China
| | - Chunlin Peng
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang, China
| | - Amjad Iqbal
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang, China
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Yujie Zhang
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang, China
| | - Hongman Chen
- Planting Research Section, Hainan Agriculture School, Haikou, China
| | - Jianqiu Ye
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang, China
| | - Yaodong Yang
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang, China
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Jiang G, Li Z, Ding X, Zhou Y, Lai H, Jiang Y, Duan X. WUSCHEL-related homeobox transcription factor SlWOX13 regulates tomato fruit ripening. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 194:2322-2337. [PMID: 37995308 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Fruit ripening is a complex, genetically programmed process involving the action of critical transcription factors (TFs). Despite the established importance of WUSCHEL-related homeobox (WOX) TFs in plant development, the involvement of WOX and its underlying mechanism in the regulation of fruit ripening remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that SlWOX13 regulates fruit ripening in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). Overexpression of SlWOX13 accelerates fruit ripening, whereas loss-of-function mutation in SlWOX13 delays this process. Moreover, ethylene synthesis and carotenoid accumulation are significantly inhibited in slwox13 mutant fruit but accelerated in SlWOX13 transgenic fruit. Integrated analyses of RNA-seq and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-seq identified 422 direct targets of SlWOX13, of which 243 genes are negatively regulated and 179 are positively regulated by SlWOX13. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay, RT-qPCR, dual-luciferase reporter assay, and ChIP-qPCR analyses demonstrated that SlWOX13 directly activates the expression of several genes involved in ethylene synthesis and signaling and carotenoid biosynthesis. Furthermore, SlWOX13 modulates tomato fruit ripening through key ripening-related TFs, such as RIPENING INHIBITOR (RIN), NON-RIPENING (NOR), and NAM, ATAF1, 2, and CUC2 4 (NAC4). Consequently, these effects promote fruit ripening. Taken together, these results demonstrate that SlWOX13 positively regulates tomato fruit ripening via both ethylene synthesis and signaling and by transcriptional regulation of key ripening-related TFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxiang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhiwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaochun Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Yijie Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Hongmei Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yueming Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xuewu Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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8
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Pereira AM, Martins AO, Batista-Silva W, Condori-Apfata JA, Silva VF, Oliveira LA, Andrade ES, Martins SCV, Medeiros DB, Nascimento VL, Fernie AR, Nunes-Nesi A, Araújo WL. Differential content of leaf and fruit pigment in tomatoes culminate in a complex metabolic reprogramming without growth impacts. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 293:154170. [PMID: 38271894 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2024.154170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Although significant efforts to produce carotenoid-enriched foods either by biotechnology or traditional breeding strategies have been carried out, our understanding of how changes in the carotenoid biosynthesis might affect overall plant performance remains limited. Here, we investigate how the metabolic machinery of well characterized tomato carotenoid mutant plants [namely crimson (old gold-og), Delta carotene (Del) and tangerine (t)] adjusts itself to varying carotenoid biosynthesis and whether these adjustments are supported by a reprogramming of photosynthetic and central metabolism in the source organs (leaves). We observed that mutations og, Del and t did not greatly affect vegetative growth, leaf anatomy and gas exchange parameters. However, an exquisite metabolic reprogramming was recorded on the leaves, with an increase in levels of amino acids and reduction of organic acids. Taken together, our results show that despite minor impacts on growth and gas exchange, carbon flux is extensively affected, leading to adjustments in tomato leaves metabolism to support changes in carotenoid biosynthesis on fruits (sinks). We discuss these data in the context of our current understanding of metabolic adjustments and carotenoid biosynthesis as well as regarding to improving human nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Auderlan M Pereira
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Plant Physiology Under Stress Conditions, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Auxiliadora O Martins
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Plant Physiology Under Stress Conditions, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - William Batista-Silva
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Plant Physiology Under Stress Conditions, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Jorge A Condori-Apfata
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Plant Physiology Under Stress Conditions, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Victor F Silva
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Plant Physiology Under Stress Conditions, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Leonardo A Oliveira
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Plant Physiology Under Stress Conditions, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Eduarda Santos Andrade
- Setor de Fisiologia Vegetal - Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, 37200-000, Brazil
| | - Samuel C V Martins
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Plant Physiology Under Stress Conditions, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - David B Medeiros
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Plant Physiology Under Stress Conditions, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Vitor L Nascimento
- Setor de Fisiologia Vegetal - Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, 37200-000, Brazil
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam Golm, Germany
| | - Adriano Nunes-Nesi
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Plant Physiology Under Stress Conditions, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Wagner L Araújo
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Plant Physiology Under Stress Conditions, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil.
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Singh DP, Maurya S, Yerasu SR, Bisen MS, Farag MA, Prabha R, Shukla R, Chaturvedi KK, Farooqi MS, Srivastava S, Rai A, Sarma BK, Rai N, Behera TK. Metabolomics of early blight (Alternaria solani) susceptible tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) unfolds key biomarker metabolites and involved metabolic pathways. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21023. [PMID: 38030710 PMCID: PMC10687106 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48269-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is among the most important commercial horticultural crops worldwide. The crop quality and production is largely hampered due to the fungal pathogen Alternaria solani causing necrotrophic foliage early blight disease. Crop plants usually respond to the biotic challenges with altered metabolic composition and physiological perturbations. We have deciphered altered metabolite composition, modulated metabolic pathways and identified metabolite biomarkers in A. solani-challenged susceptible tomato variety Kashi Aman using Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) based metabolomics. Alteration in the metabolite feature composition of pathogen-challenged (m/z 9405) and non-challenged (m/z 9667) plant leaves including 8487 infection-exclusive and 8742 non-infection exclusive features was observed. Functional annotation revealed putatively annotated metabolites and pathway mapping indicated their enrichment in metabolic pathways, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, ubiquinone and terpenoid-quinones, brassinosteroids, steroids, terpenoids, phenylpropanoids, carotenoids, oxy/sphingolipids and metabolism of biotin and porphyrin. PCA, multivariate PLS-DA and OPLS-DA analysis showed sample discrimination. Significantly up regulated 481 and down regulated 548 metabolite features were identified based on the fold change (threshold ≥ 2.0). OPLS-DA model based on variable importance in projection (VIP scores) and FC threshold (> 2.0) revealed 41 up regulated discriminant metabolite features annotated as sphingosine, fecosterol, melatonin, serotonin, glucose 6-phosphate, zeatin, dihydrozeatin and zeatin-β-D-glucoside. Similarly, 23 down regulated discriminant metabolites included histidinol, 4-aminobutyraldehyde, propanoate, tyramine and linalool. Melatonin and serotonin in the leaves were the two indoleamines being reported for the first time in tomato in response to the early blight pathogen. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC)-based biomarker analysis identified apigenin-7-glucoside, uridine, adenosyl-homocysteine, cGMP, tyrosine, pantothenic acid, riboflavin (as up regulated) and adenosine, homocyctine and azmaline (as down regulated) biomarkers. These results could aid in the development of metabolite-quantitative trait loci (mQTL). Furthermore, stress-induced biosynthetic pathways may be the potential targets for modifications through breeding programs or genetic engineering for improving crop performance in the fields.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sudarshan Maurya
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, 221305, India
| | | | - Mansi Singh Bisen
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, 221305, India
| | - Mohamed A Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ratna Prabha
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, Library Avenue, New Delhi, India
| | - Renu Shukla
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | | | - Md Samir Farooqi
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, Library Avenue, New Delhi, India
| | - Sudhir Srivastava
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, Library Avenue, New Delhi, India
| | - Anil Rai
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, Library Avenue, New Delhi, India
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Birinchi Kumar Sarma
- Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Nagendra Rai
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, 221305, India
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10
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Kishor PBK, Guddimalli R, Kulkarni J, Singam P, Somanaboina AK, Nandimandalam T, Patil S, Polavarapu R, Suravajhala P, Sreenivasulu N, Penna S. Impact of Climate Change on Altered Fruit Quality with Organoleptic, Health Benefit, and Nutritional Attributes. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:17510-17527. [PMID: 37943146 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
As a consequence of global climate change, acute water deficit conditions, soil salinity, and high temperature have been on the rise in their magnitude and frequency, which have been found to impact plant growth and development negatively. However, recent evidence suggests that many fruit plants that face moderate abiotic stresses can result in beneficial effects on the postharvest storage characters of the fruits. Salinity, drought, and high temperature conditions stimulate the synthesis of abscisic acid (ABA), and secondary metabolites, which are vital for fruit quality. The secondary metabolites like phenolic acids and anthocyanins that accumulate under abiotic stress conditions have antioxidant activity, and therefore, such fruits have health benefits too. It has been noticed that fruits accumulate more sugar and anthocyanins owing to upregulation of phenylpropanoid pathway enzymes. The novel information that has been generated thus far indicates that the growth environment during fruit development influences the quality components of the fruits. But the quality depends on the trade-offs between productivity, plant defense, and the frequency, duration, and intensity of stress. In this review, we capture the current knowledge of the irrigation practices for optimizing fruit production in arid and semiarid regions and enhancement in the quality of fruit with the application of exogenous ABA and identify gaps that exist in our understanding of fruit quality under abiotic stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- P B Kavi Kishor
- Department of Genetics, Osmania University, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | | | - Jayant Kulkarni
- Department of Botany, Savithribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411 007, India
| | - Prashant Singam
- Department of Genetics, Osmania University, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Anil Kumar Somanaboina
- Department of Biotechnology, Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology & Research Deemed to be University, Vadlamudi, Guntur 522 213, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Tejaswi Nandimandalam
- Department of Biotechnology, Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology & Research Deemed to be University, Vadlamudi, Guntur 522 213, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Swaroopa Patil
- Department of Botany, Shivaji University, Kolhapur 416 004, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rathnagiri Polavarapu
- Genomix Molecular Diagnostics Pvt. Ltd., Pragathi Nagar, Kukatapally, Hyderabad 500 072, India
| | - Prashanth Suravajhala
- Amrita School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwavidyapeetham, Clappana, 690 525, Amritapuri, Vallikavu, Kerala, India & Bioclues.org, Hyderabad, India
| | - Nese Sreenivasulu
- Consumer-Driven Grain Quality and Nutrition Research Unit, International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manil 1301, Philippines
| | - Suprasanna Penna
- Amity Centre for Nuclear Biotechnology, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University of Maharashtra, Mumbai 410 206, India
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11
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Sun Q, He Z, Wei R, Yin Y, Ye J, Chai L, Xie Z, Guo W, Xu J, Cheng Y, Xu Q, Deng X. Transcription factor CsTT8 promotes fruit coloration by positively regulating the methylerythritol 4-phosphate pathway and carotenoid biosynthesis pathway in citrus ( Citrus spp.). HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhad199. [PMID: 38023480 PMCID: PMC10673655 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Carotenoids directly influence citrus fruit color and nutritional value, which is critical to consumer acceptance. Elucidating the potential molecular mechanism underlying carotenoid metabolism is of great importance for improving fruit quality. Despite the well-established carotenoid biosynthetic pathways, the molecular regulatory mechanism underlying carotenoid metabolism remains poorly understood. Our previous studies have reported that the Myc-type basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor (TF) regulates citrus proanthocyanidin biosynthesis. Transgenic analyses further showed that overexpression of CsTT8 could significantly promote carotenoid accumulation in transgenic citrus calli, but its regulatory mechanism is still unclear. In the present study, we found that overexpression of CsTT8 enhances carotenoid content in citrus fruit and calli by increasing the expression of CsDXR, CsHDS, CsHDR, CsPDS, CsLCYE, CsZEP, and CsNCED2, which was accompanied by changes in the contents of abscisic acid and gibberellin. The in vitro and in vivo assays indicated that CsTT8 directly bound to the promoters of CsDXR, CsHDS, and CsHDR, the key metabolic enzymes of the methylerythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway, thus providing precursors for carotenoid biosynthesis and transcriptionally activating the expression of these three genes. In addition, CsTT8 activated the promoters of four key carotenoid biosynthesis pathway genes, CsPDS, CsLCYE, CsZEP, and CsNCED2, directly promoting carotenoid biosynthesis. This study reveals a novel network of carotenoid metabolism regulated by CsTT8. Our findings will contribute to manipulating carotenoid metabolic engineering to improve the quality of citrus fruit and other crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Sun
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Zhengchen He
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ranran Wei
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yingzi Yin
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Junli Ye
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lijun Chai
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zongzhou Xie
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wenwu Guo
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Juan Xu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yunjiang Cheng
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiuxin Deng
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
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12
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Orsi B, Sestari I, Preczenhak AP, de Abreu Vieira AP, Tessmer MA, da Silva Souza MA, Hassimotto NMA, Kluge RA. Fruits from tomato carotenoid mutants have altered susceptibility to grey mold. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 204:108100. [PMID: 37864928 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
The necrotrophic fungus Botritys cinerea takes advantage of the oxidative burst to facilitate tissue infection, leading to substantial losses during tomato postharvest. Tomato fruit is a source of carotenoids, pigments with a wide variety of isomeric configurations that determine their antioxidant capacity. Here, fruit susceptibility to B. cinerea was assessed in Micro-Tom Near Isogenic lines harboring mutations that alter the profile of carotenoids. Wound-inoculated fruit of the mutants Delta carotene (Del) and tangerine (t), which show large variety of carotenoids rather than the major accumulation of trans-lycopene, were less susceptible to the pathogen. Differences in susceptibility between the mutants were only observed in ripe fruit, after the formation of carotenoids, and they were associated with attenuation of damage caused by reactive oxygen species. The greater variety of carotenoid isomers, which in turn contributed to the greater lipophilic antioxidant capacity of fruit, was associated with the less susceptible mutants, Del and t. Together, our data reveals a potential activity of carotenoids in fruit defense, in addition to the well-known and widespread ecological role as attractors of seed dispersers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Orsi
- University of São Paulo, Department of Biological Sciences, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
| | - Ivan Sestari
- Federal University of Santa Catarina, Department of Biological and Agronomical Sciences, Curitibanos, SC, Brazil.
| | - Ana Paula Preczenhak
- University of São Paulo, Department of Biological Sciences, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
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13
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Wang X, Liu X, Wang X, Wang H, Zhang LH, Yu H, Yang W, Wu HH. Carotenoid-derived norsesquiterpenoids and sesquiterpenoids from Tagetes erecta L. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2023; 215:113860. [PMID: 37714249 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Tagetes erecta L. (marigold), a common landscaping flower widely cultivated in America, Africa, Asia and Europe, is the fundamental source of carotenoids (especially lutein) in food and pharmaceutical industry. Carotenoids are well-known to possess various healthy and beneficial biological activities such as eye protection, anti-aging, and anti-inflammatory. In our exploitation of carotenoid-derived products from T. erecta, nine previously undescribed compounds including seven megastigmane-type norsesquiterpenoids (1-7), one carotenoid-derived sesquiterpenoid (8), and one natural 3-hydroxyl-α-ionylideneacetic acid derivative (9), along with twelve known compounds (10-21), were afforded from the 95% ethanol extract of the petals of T. erecta. Their planar chemical structures and the absolute configurations were established by analysis of the extensive spectroscopic data including HRESI-MS, 1D/2D NMR and the simulation of ECD. Further, a plausible biosynthesis pathway for compounds 1-20 is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangdong Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xiaojie Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xiaowen Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Haiying Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Li-Hua Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Huijuan Yu
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Wenzhi Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Hong-Hua Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China.
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14
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Wang L, Li T, Liu N, Liu X. Identification of tomato AHL gene families and functional analysis their roles in fruit development and abiotic stress response. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 202:107931. [PMID: 37557017 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
The AT-HOOK MOTIF CONTAINING NUCLEAR LOCALIZED (AHL) transcription factors play important roles in regulating plant development and stress response. However, the AHL family genes have not been identified in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and their biological functions have not been elucidated. In this work, the gene families encoding AHLs were identified in tomato genome, and their physical and chemical characteristics, subcellular localization, gene expression profiles during fruit development and upon abiotic stimulus were investigated. Overall, a total of 18 AHL members were identified in tomato genome, phylogenetic analysis classified these SlAHL members into two clades, clade A (SlAHL1-8) and clade B (SlAHL9-18). Six clade A SlAHLs were detected to be subcellular localized in the nucleus. The transcripts of the representative clade A SlAHLs predominantly accumulated 10 days post anthesis (dpa) in tomato fruits, revealing an involvement of these SlAHLs in early fruit development. Furthermore, compared with clade B members, the transcripts of the clade A SlAHLs were more responsive to heat, drought, cold and salt stresses, suggesting that these SlAHLs may play major roles in response to abiotic stresses. Moreover, overexpression of SlAHL1 and SlAHL7 in Arabidopsis increased the sensitivity to ABA during seed germination and seedling stages. Overexpression of SlAHL1 inhibited seed germination while increased primary root elongation upon salt and drought stresses. Together, our work suggested that the clade A SlAHL genes may play an important role in response to abiotic stresses, which paving the way for future functional analysis of AHL genes in tomato and other Solanaceae species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Nan Liu
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Xuncheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China.
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15
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Liu S, Zhang Y, Pan X, Li B, Yang Q, Yang C, Zhang J, Wu F, Yang A, Li Y. PIF1, a phytochrome-interacting factor negatively regulates drought tolerance and carotenoids biosynthesis in tobacco. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 247:125693. [PMID: 37419268 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
The phytochrome-interacting factors (PIFs) function crucially in multiple physiological processes, but the biological functions of some PIFs remain elusive in some species. Here, a PIF transcription factor NtPIF1 was cloned and characterized in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.). The transcript of NtPIF1 was significantly induced by drought stress treatments, and it localized in the nuclear. Knockout of NtPIF1 by CRISPR/Cas9 system led to the improved drought tolerance of tobacco with increased osmotic adjustment, antioxidant activity, photosynthetic efficiency and decreased water loss rate. On the contrary, NtPIF1-overexpression plants displays drought-sensitive phenotypes. In addition, NtPIF1 reduced the biosynthesis of abscisic acid (ABA) and its upstream carotenoids by regulating the expression of genes involved in ABA and carotenoids biosynthetic pathway upon drought stress. Electrophoretic mobility shift and dual-luciferase assays illustrated that, NtPIF1 directly bind to the E-box elements within the promoters of NtNCED3, NtABI5, NtZDS and Ntβ-LCY to repress their transcription. Overall, these data suggested that NtPIF1 negatively regulate tobacco adaptive response to drought stress and carotenoids biosynthesis; moreover, NtPIF1 has the potential to develop drought-tolerant tobacco plants using CRISPR/Cas9 system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266100, China; Shenzhen Yupeng Technology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen 518110, China
| | - Yinchao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Xuhao Pan
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Bin Li
- Sichuan Tobacco Corporation, Chengdu 610014, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Changqing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266100, China
| | | | - Fengyan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Aiguo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266100, China.
| | - Yiting Li
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266100, China.
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16
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Li C, Zhang C, Liu J, Qu L, Ge Y. l-Glutamate maintains the quality of apple fruit by mediating carotenoid, sorbitol and sucrose metabolisms. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:4944-4955. [PMID: 36944028 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND l-Glutamate is involved in many important chemical reactions in horticultural products and improves postharvest disease resistance. Quality decline of apple fruit caused by senescence and fungus invasion often leads to tremendous losses during logistics. This study was performed to evaluate the variations of quality attributes, carotenoid, sorbitol and sucrose metabolisms in apples (cv. Qiujin) after l-glutamate dipping treatment. RESUITS l-Glutamate immersion maintained high values of L*, a* and b*, flesh firmness, titratable acidity, as well as the total soluble solids, soluble sugar, reducing sugar and ascorbic acid contents in apples. l-Glutamate also decreased mass loss, respiratory rate and ethylene release, enhanced sucrose synthase-cleavage, acid invertase and neutral invertase activities, whereas reduced sorbitol dehydrogenase, sucrose phosphate synthase, sucrose synthase synthesis and sorbitol oxidase activities in apples. Moreover, l-glutamate inhibited lutein, β-carotene and lycopene accumulation, and down-regulated phytoene synthase, lycopene β-cyclase, ζ-carotene desaturase, phytoene desaturase, carotenoid isomerase, ζ-carotene isomerase and carotenoids cleavage dioxygenase gene expressions, but up-regulated 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase gene expression in apples. CONCLUSION Postharvest l-glutamate dipping treatment can keep apple quality by modulating key enzyme activity and gene expression in sorbitol, sucrose and carotenoid metabolisms. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canying Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, 121013, Jinzhou, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage, Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic Products, 121013, Jinzhou, China
| | - Chenyang Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, 121013, Jinzhou, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage, Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic Products, 121013, Jinzhou, China
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, 121013, Jinzhou, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage, Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic Products, 121013, Jinzhou, China
| | - Linhong Qu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, 121013, Jinzhou, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage, Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic Products, 121013, Jinzhou, China
| | - Yonghong Ge
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, 121013, Jinzhou, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage, Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic Products, 121013, Jinzhou, China
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17
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Wei F, Wan R, Shi Z, Ma W, Wang H, Chen Y, Bo J, Li Y, An W, Qin K, Cao Y. Transcriptomics and Metabolomics Reveal the Critical Genes of Carotenoid Biosynthesis and Color Formation of Goji ( Lycium barbarum L.) Fruit Ripening. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2791. [PMID: 37570945 PMCID: PMC10421014 DOI: 10.3390/plants12152791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Carotenoids in goji (Lycium barbarum L.) have excellent health benefits, but the underlying mechanism of carotenoid synthesis and color formation in goji fruit ripening is still unclear. The present study uses transcriptomics and metabolomics to investigate carotenoid biosynthesis and color formation differences in N1 (red fruit) and N1Y (yellow fruit) at three stages of ripening. Twenty-seven carotenoids were identified in N1 and N1Y fruits during the M1, M2, and M3 periods, with the M2 and M3 periods being critical for the difference in carotenoid and color between N1 and N1Y fruit. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), gene trend analysis, and correlation analysis suggest that PSY1 and ZDS16 may be important players in the synthesis of carotenoids during goji fruit ripening. Meanwhile, 63 transcription factors (TFs) were identified related to goji fruit carotenoid biosynthesis. Among them, four TFs (CMB1-1, WRKY22-1, WRKY22-3, and RAP2-13-like) may have potential regulatory relationships with PSY1 and ZDS16. This work sheds light on the molecular network of carotenoid synthesis and explains the differences in carotenoid accumulation in different colored goji fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wei
- Wolfberry Engineering Research Institute, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, China; (R.W.); (Y.L.); (W.A.); (K.Q.); (Y.C.)
- Ningxia State Farm A&F Technology Central, Yinchuan 750002, China; (W.M.); (H.W.); (Y.C.); (J.B.)
| | - Ru Wan
- Wolfberry Engineering Research Institute, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, China; (R.W.); (Y.L.); (W.A.); (K.Q.); (Y.C.)
| | - Zhigang Shi
- Wolfberry Engineering Research Institute, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, China; (R.W.); (Y.L.); (W.A.); (K.Q.); (Y.C.)
| | - Wenli Ma
- Ningxia State Farm A&F Technology Central, Yinchuan 750002, China; (W.M.); (H.W.); (Y.C.); (J.B.)
| | - Hao Wang
- Ningxia State Farm A&F Technology Central, Yinchuan 750002, China; (W.M.); (H.W.); (Y.C.); (J.B.)
| | - Yongwei Chen
- Ningxia State Farm A&F Technology Central, Yinchuan 750002, China; (W.M.); (H.W.); (Y.C.); (J.B.)
| | - Jianhua Bo
- Ningxia State Farm A&F Technology Central, Yinchuan 750002, China; (W.M.); (H.W.); (Y.C.); (J.B.)
| | - Yunxiang Li
- Wolfberry Engineering Research Institute, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, China; (R.W.); (Y.L.); (W.A.); (K.Q.); (Y.C.)
| | - Wei An
- Wolfberry Engineering Research Institute, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, China; (R.W.); (Y.L.); (W.A.); (K.Q.); (Y.C.)
| | - Ken Qin
- Wolfberry Engineering Research Institute, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, China; (R.W.); (Y.L.); (W.A.); (K.Q.); (Y.C.)
| | - Youlong Cao
- Wolfberry Engineering Research Institute, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, China; (R.W.); (Y.L.); (W.A.); (K.Q.); (Y.C.)
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18
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Chen Y, Du H, Liang H, Hong T, Li T. Enhanced Carotenoid Production in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii by Overexpression of Endogenousand Exogenous Beta-Carotene Ketolase ( BKT) Genes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11382. [PMID: 37511141 PMCID: PMC10379168 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a unicellular green alga that can grow heterotrophically by using acetate as a carbon source. Carotenoids are natural pigments with biological activity and color, which have functions such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, vision protection, etc., and have high commercial value and prospects. We transformed Chlamydomonas reinhardtii with the BKT genes from Phaffia rhodozyma (PrBKT) and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (CrBKT) via plasmid vector, and screened out the stable transformed algal strains C18 and P1. Under the condition that the cell density of growth was not affected, the total carotenoid content of C18 and P1 was 2.13-fold and 2.20-fold higher than that of the WT, respectively. CrBKT increased the levels of β-carotene and astaxanthin by 1.84-fold and 1.21-fold, respectively, while PrBKT increased them by 1.11-fold and 1.27-fold, respectively. Transcriptome and metabolome analysis of C18 and P1 showed that the overexpression of CrBKT only up-regulated the transcription level of BKT and LCYE (the gene of lycopene e-cyclase). However, in P1, overexpression of PrBKT also led to the up-regulation of ZDS (the gene of ζ-carotene desaturase) and CHYB (the gene of β-carotene hydroxylase). Metabolome results showed that the relative content of canthaxanthin, an intermediate metabolite of astaxanthin synthesis in C18 and P1, decreased. The overall results indicate that there is a structural difference between CrBKT and PrBKT, and overexpression of PrBKT in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii seems to cause more genes in carotenoid pathway metabolism to be up-regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhao Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou 510000, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, STU-UNIVPM Joint Algal Research Center, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Hong Du
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou 510000, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, STU-UNIVPM Joint Algal Research Center, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Honghao Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Ting Hong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Tangcheng Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
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19
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Jeong JH, Lee HL, Park HJ, Yoon YE, Shin J, Jeong MY, Park SH, Kim DH, Han SW, Kang CG, Hong KJ, Lee SJ. Effects of tomato ketchup and tomato paste extract on hepatic lipid accumulation and adipogenesis. Food Sci Biotechnol 2023; 32:1111-1122. [PMID: 37215254 PMCID: PMC10195947 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01244-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Tomatoes include high levels of lycopene, which is a potent antioxidative, hypolipidemic, and antidiabetic phytochemical. The intake of lycopene is associated with a reduced risk of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study was to investigate whether tomato ketchup and tomato paste, major dietary sources for tomato and lycopene, could regulate hepatic lipid metabolism and adipogenesis. To investigate the regulatory effects of tomato ketchup and tomato paste, we prepared a tomato ketchup extract (TKE) and a tomato paste extract (TPE) in 80% (v/v) ethyl acetate for the experiment. TKE and TPE reduced lipid accumulation and key markers for gluconeogenesis and induced a higher rate of fatty acid oxidation in HepG2 hepatocytes. In 3T3-L1 adipocytes, TKE and TPE increased adipogenesis and intracellular triglyceride accumulation, and stimulated glucose uptake. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha and gamma expression levels were increased by TKE and TPE treatment. A single oral dose of tomato ketchup and tomato paste (9.28 g/kg) significantly improved glucose and insulin tolerance in mice. These findings suggest that lycopene-containing tomato ketchup and tomato paste may have beneficial regulatory effects in terms of energy metabolism in hepatocytes and adipocytes, and thus may improve blood glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyun Jeong
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841 Republic of Korea
| | - Ha Lim Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ji Park
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841 Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Eun Yoon
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841 Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeeun Shin
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841 Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Young Jeong
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841 Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hoon Park
- Department of Food & Nutrition, College of Life Sciences, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, South Korea
| | - Da-hye Kim
- R&D Center, Ottogi Corporation, Anyang-Si, 14060 Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Woo Han
- R&D Center, Ottogi Corporation, Anyang-Si, 14060 Republic of Korea
| | - Choon-Gil Kang
- R&D Center, Ottogi Corporation, Anyang-Si, 14060 Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Ju Hong
- R&D Center, Ottogi Corporation, Anyang-Si, 14060 Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Joon Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841 Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Bioscience & Technology, College of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, BK21 Four Institute of Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
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20
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Zhu L, Shan W, Cai D, Lin Z, Wu C, Wei W, Yang Y, Lu W, Chen J, Su X, Kuang J. High temperature elevates carotenoid accumulation of banana fruit via upregulation of MaEIL9 module. Food Chem 2023; 412:135602. [PMID: 36739724 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Banana is a good source of carotenoids, which are bioactive metabolites with health beneficial properties for human. However, the molecular mechanism of carotenoid accumulation in banana fruit is largely unclear. In this study, we found that high temperature elevated carotenoid production in banana pulp, which is presumably due to upregulation of a subset of carotenogenic genes as well as a carotenoid biosynthesis regulator MaSPL16. Moreover, an ethylene signaling component MaEIL9 was identified, whose transcript and protein contents were also induced by high temperature. In addition, MaEIL9 positively regulates transcription of MaDXR1, MaPDS1, MaZDS1 and MaSPL16 through directly targeting their promoters. Overexpression of MaEIL9 in tomato fruit substantially increased the expression of carotenoid formation genes and elevated carotenoid content. Importantly, transiently silencing MaEIL9 in banana fruit weakened carotenoid production caused by high temperature. Taken together, these results indicate that high temperature induces carotenoid production in banana fruit, at least in part, through MaEIL9-mediated activation of MaDXR1, MaPDS1, MaZDS1 and MaSPL16 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisha Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables/Engineering Research Center of Southern Horticultural Products Preservation, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wei Shan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables/Engineering Research Center of Southern Horticultural Products Preservation, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Danling Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables/Engineering Research Center of Southern Horticultural Products Preservation, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zengxiang Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables/Engineering Research Center of Southern Horticultural Products Preservation, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Chaojie Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables/Engineering Research Center of Southern Horticultural Products Preservation, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables/Engineering Research Center of Southern Horticultural Products Preservation, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yingying Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables/Engineering Research Center of Southern Horticultural Products Preservation, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wangjin Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables/Engineering Research Center of Southern Horticultural Products Preservation, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jianye Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables/Engineering Research Center of Southern Horticultural Products Preservation, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xinguo Su
- Guangdong AIB Polytechnic College, Guangzhou 510507, China.
| | - Jianfei Kuang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables/Engineering Research Center of Southern Horticultural Products Preservation, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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21
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Wang X, Du L, Wang W, Zhang Z, Wu Y, Wang Y. Functional identification of ZDS gene in apple ( Malus halliana) and demonstration of it's role in improving saline-alkali stress tolerance. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 29:799-813. [PMID: 37520810 PMCID: PMC10382441 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-023-01333-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Carotenoids are powerful antioxidants that mediate transfer of electrons, directly affect abiotic stress responses in plants through regulating activity of antioxidant enzymes. ζ-Carotene desaturase (ZDS) is a key enzyme in carotenoid biosynthesis pathway, which can catalyze ζ-carotene to form lycopene to regulate carotenoid biosynthesis and accumulation. However, the mechanism of its regulation of saline-alkali stress remains unclear. In this research, based on transcriptomic analysis of Malus halliana with a apple rootstock, we screened out ZDS gene (LOC103451012), with significantly high expression by saline-alkali stress, whose expression in the leaves was 10.8-fold than that of the control (0 h) under 48 h of stress. Subsequently, the MhZDS gene was isolated from M. halliana, and transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana, tobacco, and apple calli were successfully obtained through agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation. We found that overexpression of MhZDS enhanced the tolerance of A. thaliana, tobacco and apple calli under saline-alkali stress and caused a variety of physiological and biochemical changes: compared with wild-type, transgenic plants grew better under saline stress and MhZDS-OE lines showed higher chlorophyll content, POD, SOD, CAT activities and proline content, lower electrical conductivity and MDA content. These results indicate that MhZDS plays an important role in plant resistance to saline-alkali stress, providing excellent resistance genes for the regulatory network of salinity stress response in apples and provide a theoretical basis for the breeding of apple varieties with strong saline-alkali resistance. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-023-01333-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu Wang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070 China
| | - Lei Du
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070 China
| | - Wanxia Wang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070 China
| | - Zhongxing Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070 China
| | - Yuxia Wu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070 China
| | - Yanxiu Wang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070 China
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22
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Wang P, Lu S, Jing R, Hyden B, Li L, Zhao X, Zhang L, Han Y, Zhang X, Xu J, Chen H, Cao H. BCH1 expression pattern contributes to the fruit carotenoid diversity between peach and apricot. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 197:107647. [PMID: 36940521 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch) and apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) are two species of economic importance for fruit production in the genus Prunus. Peach and apricot fruits exhibit significant differences in carotenoid levels and profiles. HPLC-PAD analysis showed that a greater content of β-carotene in mature apricot fruits is primarily responsible for orange color, while peach fruits showed a prominent accumulation of xanthophylls (violaxanthin and cryptoxanthin) with yellow color. There are two β-carotene hydroxylase genes in both peach and apricot genomes. Transcriptional analysis revealed that BCH1 expresses highly in peach but lowly in apricot fruit, showing a correlation with peach and apricot fruit carotenoid profiles. By using a carotenoid engineered bacterial system, it was demonstrated that there was no difference in the BCH1 enzymatic activity between peach and apricot. Comparative analysis about the putative cis-acting regulatory elements between peach and apricot BCH1 promoters provided important information for our understanding of the differences in promoter activity of the BCH1 genes in peach and apricot. Therefore, we investigated the promoter activity of BCH1 gene through a GUS detection system, and confirmed that the difference in the transcription level of the BCH1 gene resulted from the difference of the promoter function. This study provides important perspective to understanding the diversity of carotenoid accumulation in Prunus fruits such as peach and apricot. In particular, BCH1 gene is proposed as a main predictor for β-carotene content in peach and apricot fruits during the ripening process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Wang
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
| | - Siyuan Lu
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
| | - Ruyu Jing
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
| | - Brennan Hyden
- Horticulture Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Cornell AgriTech, Geneva, NY, USA
| | - Li Li
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA; Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Xulei Zhao
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
| | - Lvwen Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
| | - Yan Han
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
| | - Xueying Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
| | - Jizhong Xu
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
| | - Haijiang Chen
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China.
| | - Hongbo Cao
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China.
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23
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Meléndez-Martínez AJ, Esquivel P, Rodriguez-Amaya DB. Comprehensive review on carotenoid composition: Transformations during processing and storage of foods. Food Res Int 2023; 169:112773. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
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24
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Bao Y, Zeng Z, Yao W, Chen X, Jiang M, Sehrish A, Wu B, Powell CA, Chen B, Xu J, Zhang X, Zhang M. A gap-free and haplotype-resolved lemon genome provides insights into flavor synthesis and huanglongbing (HLB) tolerance. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhad020. [PMID: 37035858 PMCID: PMC10076211 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The lemon (Citrus limon; family Rutaceae) is one of the most important and popular fruits worldwide. Lemon also tolerates huanglongbing (HLB) disease, which is a devastating citrus disease. Here we produced a gap-free and haplotype-resolved chromosome-scale genome assembly of the lemon by combining Pacific Biosciences circular consensus sequencing, Oxford Nanopore 50-kb ultra-long, and high-throughput chromatin conformation capture technologies. The assembly contained nine-pair chromosomes with a contig N50 of 35.6 Mb and zero gaps, while a total of 633.0 Mb genomic sequences were generated. The origination analysis identified 338.5 Mb genomic sequences originating from citron (53.5%), 147.4 Mb from mandarin (23.3%), and 147.1 Mb from pummelo (23.2%). The genome included 30 528 protein-coding genes, and most of the assembled sequences were found to be repetitive sequences. Several significantly expanded gene families were associated with plant-pathogen interactions, plant hormone signal transduction, and the biosynthesis of major active components, such as terpenoids and flavor compounds. Most HLB-tolerant genes were expanded in the lemon genome, such as 2-oxoglutarate (2OG)/Fe(II)-dependent oxygenase and constitutive disease resistance 1, cell wall-related genes, and lignin synthesis genes. Comparative transcriptomic analysis showed that phloem regeneration and lower levels of phloem plugging are the elements that contribute to HLB tolerance in lemon. Our results provide insight into lemon genome evolution, active component biosynthesis, and genes associated with HLB tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wei Yao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agric-Biological Resources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Mengwei Jiang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Akbar Sehrish
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agric-Biological Resources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China
| | - Bo Wu
- School of Computing, Clemson University, 821 McMillan Rd, Clemson, SC 29631, USA
| | | | - Baoshan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agric-Biological Resources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China
| | - Jianlong Xu
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, National Nanfan Research Institute (Sanya), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572024, China/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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25
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Liu X, Cheng X, Cao J, Zhu W, Sun Y, Lin N, Wan X, Liu L. UV-B regulates seasonal greening of albino leaves by modulating CsHY5-inhibiting chlorophyll biosynthesis in Camellia sinensis cv. Huangkui. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 328:111569. [PMID: 36529181 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Seasonal greening is crucial for albino plants but the underlying regulatory mechanism is unclear, especially concerning light regulation as one of the most important environmental factors for light-sensitive albino tea plants. Here, we report that the UV-B signal regulates the seasonal greening process of albino leaves by modulating CsHY5-inhibiting chlorophyll biosynthesis in Camellia sinensis cv. Huangkui. Reduction of solar UV-B in plantation promoted the seasonal greening of albino 'HK' leaves by inhibiting CsHY5 transcription and activating genes involved in light-harvesting CsLhlb and the chlorophyll biosynthetic pathway (CsCHLH, CsHEMA1, and CsPORA), leading to enrichment of chlorophyll accumulation and recovery of dysfunctional chloroplasts. In contrast, indoor supplementary UV-B exposure reduced chlorophylls by activating CsHY5 but inhibiting chlorophyll biosynthetic genes. In vivo and in vitro molecular analyses showed that CsHY5 can directly bind to the promoters of CsLhlb, CsCHLH, CsHEMA1, and CsPORA. These results indicate that CsHY5 acts as a repressor for the seasonal greening of the albino tea plants in response to the UV-B signal. This is the first study that investigates the regulatory role of the CsHY5-mediated UV-B signal in regulating the seasonal greening of the albino tea plant, which improves our understanding of light regulation in leaf phenotypes of higher plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, China; Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Tea Processing of Ministry of Agriculture, China; Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, West 130 Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China.
| | - Xin Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, China; Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Tea Processing of Ministry of Agriculture, China; Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, West 130 Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China.
| | - Jingjie Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, China; Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Tea Processing of Ministry of Agriculture, China; Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, West 130 Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China.
| | - Wenfeng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, China; Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Tea Processing of Ministry of Agriculture, China; Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, West 130 Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China.
| | - Ying Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, China; Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Tea Processing of Ministry of Agriculture, China; Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, West 130 Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China.
| | - Ning Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, China; Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Tea Processing of Ministry of Agriculture, China; Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, West 130 Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China.
| | - Xiaochun Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, China; Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Tea Processing of Ministry of Agriculture, China; Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, West 130 Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China.
| | - Linlin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, China; Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Tea Processing of Ministry of Agriculture, China; Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, West 130 Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China.
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26
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Yi L, Zhou W, Zhang Y, Chen Z, Wu N, Wang Y, Dai Z. Genetic mapping of a single nuclear locus determines the white flesh color in watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1090009. [PMID: 36824206 PMCID: PMC9941332 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1090009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Flesh color is an important trait in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus L.). Several flesh color genes have been identified in watermelon; however, the inheritance of and the molecular basis underlying the white flesh trait remain largely unknown. METHODS In this study, segregation populations were constructed by crossing the canary yellow flesh line HSH-F with the white flesh line Sanbai to fine-map the white flesh gene in watermelon. RESULTS Genetic analysis indicated that the white flesh trait is controlled by a single recessive locus, termed Clwf2. Map-based cloning delimited the Clwf2 locus to a 132.3-kb region on chromosome 6. The candidate region contains 13 putative genes, and four of them-Cla97C06G121860, Cla97C06G121880, Cla97C06G121890, and Cla97C06G121900-were significantly downregulated in the white flesh compared to the canary yellow flesh watermelon fruits. The Cla97C06G121890 gene, which encodes a tetratricopeptide repeat protein, showed almost no expression in the white flesh fruit before maturity, whereas it had a very high expression in the canary yellow flesh fruit at 18 days after pollination. Transmission electron microscopy revealed rounded and regularly shaped chromoplasts in both the canary yellow and white flesh fruits. Further quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that the expression levels of several key plastid division genes and almost the entire carotenoid biosynthesis pathway genes were downregulated in the white flesh compared to the canary yellow flesh fruits. DISCUSSION This study suggests that the proliferation inhibition of chromoplasts and downregulation of the CBP genes block the accumulation of carotenoids in watermelon and lead to white flesh. These findings advance and extend the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying white flesh trait formation and carotenoid biosynthesis in watermelon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Licong Yi
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Enhancement and Genetic Improvement, Industrial Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Cultivation on Alpine Vegetables (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Enhancement and Genetic Improvement, Industrial Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Cultivation on Alpine Vegetables (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Optical Information and Pattern Recognition, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zibiao Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Enhancement and Genetic Improvement, Industrial Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, China
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Na Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Enhancement and Genetic Improvement, Industrial Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunqiang Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Enhancement and Genetic Improvement, Industrial Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Cultivation on Alpine Vegetables (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhaoyi Dai
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Enhancement and Genetic Improvement, Industrial Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Cultivation on Alpine Vegetables (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
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Tsouvaltzis P, Gkountina S, Siomos AS. Quality Traits and Nutritional Components of Cherry Tomato in Relation to the Harvesting Period, Storage Duration and Fruit Position in the Truss. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:315. [PMID: 36679028 PMCID: PMC9863825 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that the harvesting period and the storage duration have a significant effect on the quality characteristics of cherry tomato fruits. On the other hand, the effect of the fruit position in the truss has not been studied, as well as the relative contribution of each one of these factors on fruit quality. For this purpose, cherry tomato (Genio F1) whole trusses were harvested at the fruit red ripe stage during three periods. At each harvesting period, the first four (at the base of the truss) and the last four (at the top) fruits from each truss that was previously trimmed to 10 fruits, were stored at 12 °C for 0, 4 and 10 days. At the end of each storage duration, the external color, firmness, antioxidant capacity, pH and titratable acidity, as well as dry matter, soluble solid, total soluble phenol, lycopene, total carotenoid and β-carotene content, were determined. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated that the harvesting period had the most significant effect on skin color parameters L * and C * and β-carotene, as well as on antioxidant capacity, total soluble phenols, dry matter and total soluble solids, while it also had an appreciable effect on titratable acidity. The storage duration had a dominant effect on firmness, total carotenoids and lycopene, while it had an appreciable effect on skin color parameter L * as well. On the other hand, the fruit position in the truss exerted an exclusive effect on ho and a */b * ratio skin color parameters and pH and an appreciable effect on titratable acidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavlos Tsouvaltzis
- Department of Horticulture, Aristotle University, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stela Gkountina
- Department of Horticulture, Aristotle University, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Ourimbah, NSW 2258, Australia
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28
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He Y, Wang Y, Zhang M, Liu G, Tian C, Xu X, Pan Y, Shi X, Zhang Z, Meng L. SlBEL11 affects tomato carotenoid accumulation by regulating SlLCY-b2. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1062006. [PMID: 36618682 PMCID: PMC9814965 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1062006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive data have demonstrated that carotenoid accumulation in tomato fruit is influenced by environmental cues and hormonal signals. However, there is insufficient information on the mechanism of its transcriptional regulation, as many molecular roles of carotenoid biosynthetic pathways remain unknown. In this work, we found that the silence of the BEL1-like family transcription factor (TF) BEL1-LIKE HOMEODOMAIN 11 (SlBEL11) enhanced carotenoid accumulation in virus induced gene silencing (VIGS) analysis. In its RNA interference (RNAi) transgenic lines, a significant increase in the transcription level for the lycopene beta cyclase 2 (SlLCY-b2) gene was detected, which encoded a key enzyme located at the downstream branch of the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway. In Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), SlBEL11 protein was confirmed to bind to the promoter of SlLCY-b2 gene. In addition, the dual-luciferase reporter assay showed its intrinsic transcriptional repression activity. Collectively, our findings added a new member to the carotenoid transcriptional regulatory network and expanded the functions of the SlBEL11 transcription factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan He
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China,Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Haikou, China
| | - Yu Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China,Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Haikou, China
| | - Mengzhuo Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China,Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Haikou, China
| | - Guangsen Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China,Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Haikou, China
| | - Cong Tian
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China,Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Haikou, China
| | - Xiangbin Xu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China,Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Haikou, China
| | - Yonggui Pan
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Xuequn Shi
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China,Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Haikou, China
| | - Zhengke Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China,Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Haikou, China
| | - Lanhuan Meng
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China,Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Haikou, China,*Correspondence: Lanhuan Meng,
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29
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Ni J, Liao Y, Zhang M, Pan C, Yang Q, Bai S, Teng Y. Blue Light Simultaneously Induces Peel Anthocyanin Biosynthesis and Flesh Carotenoid/Sucrose Biosynthesis in Mango Fruit. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:16021-16035. [PMID: 36484494 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies focused on the effects of light on fruit appearance, especially the peel color. However, the effect of light on fruit internal quality and the underlying mechanisms are unclear. In this study, we analyzed the effects of blue light on the appearance and internal quality of mango fruit (Mangifera indica L.). Blue light simultaneously induced peel anthocyanin and flesh sucrose/carotenoid biosynthesis in mango fruit. Analyses of co-expression networks and gene expression trends in mango fruit peel and flesh identified candidate genes, including transcription factor genes, involved in blue light-regulated anthocyanin, carotenoid, and sucrose biosynthesis pathways. Key blue light signaling-related genes (MiCRY and MiHY5) and blue light-triggered phytohormones were involved in these pathways. Additionally, there were common and tissue-specific pathways for the blue light-promoted accumulation of anthocyanins, carotenoids, and sucrose. Our results provide new insights into the regulatory effects of light on the appearance and internal quality of mango fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junbei Ni
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, The Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Yifei Liao
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya, Hainan 572000, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, The Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Manman Zhang
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya, Hainan 572000, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, The Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Chen Pan
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya, Hainan 572000, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, The Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Qinsong Yang
- Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Songling Bai
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, The Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Yuanwen Teng
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya, Hainan 572000, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, The Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
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30
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Zita W, Bressoud S, Glauser G, Kessler F, Shanmugabalaji V. Chromoplast plastoglobules recruit the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway and contribute to carotenoid accumulation during tomato fruit maturation. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0277774. [PMID: 36472971 PMCID: PMC9725166 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit maturation is associated with a developmental transition from chloroplasts (in mature green fruit) to chromoplasts (in red fruit). The hallmark red color of ripe tomatoes is due to carotenogenesis and accumulation of the red carotenoid lycopene inside chromoplasts. Plastoglobules (PG) are lipid droplets in plastids that are involved in diverse lipid metabolic pathways. In tomato, information on the possible role of PG in carotogenesis and the PG proteome is largely lacking. Here, we outline the role of PG in carotenogenesis giving particular attention to tomato fruit PG proteomes and metabolomes. The proteome analysis revealed the presence of PG-typical FBNs, ABC1K-like kinases, and metabolic enzymes, and those were decreased in the PG of tomato chromoplasts compared to chloroplasts. Notably, the complete β-carotene biosynthesis pathway was recruited to chromoplast PG, and the enzymes PHYTOENE SYNTHASE 1 (PSY-1), PHYTOENE DESATURASE (PDS), ZETA-CAROTENE DESATURASE (ZDS), and CAROTENOID ISOMERASE (CRTISO) were enriched up to twelvefold compared to chloroplast PG. We profiled the carotenoid and prenyl lipid changes in PG during the chloroplast to chromoplast transition and demonstrated large increases of lycopene and β-carotene in chromoplast PG. The PG proteome and metabolome are subject to extensive remodeling resulting in high accumulation of lycopene during the chloroplast-to-chromoplast transition. Overall, the results indicate that PGs contribute to carotenoid accumulation during tomato fruit maturation and suggest that they do so by functioning as a biosynthetic platform for carotenogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne Zita
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Ségolène Bressoud
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Gaetan Glauser
- Neuchâtel Platform of Analytical Chemistry, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Felix Kessler
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
- * E-mail: (FK); (VS)
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31
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Ren S, Yuan Y, Wang H, Zhang Y. G2-LIKE CAROTENOID REGULATOR (SlGCR) is a positive regulator of lutein biosynthesis in tomato. ABIOTECH 2022; 3:267-280. [PMID: 36533268 PMCID: PMC9755792 DOI: 10.1007/s42994-022-00088-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Lutein is an oxygen-containing carotenoid synthesized in plant chloroplasts and chromoplasts. It plays an indispensable role in promoting plant growth and maintaining eye health in humans. The rate-limiting step of lutein biosynthesis is catalyzed by the lycopene ε-cyclase enzyme (LCYE). Although great progress has been made in the identification of transcription factors involved in the lutein biosynthetic pathway, many systematic molecular mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Here, using co-expression analysis, we identified a gene, G2-LIKE CAROTENOID REGULATOR (SlGCR), encoding a GARP G2-like transcription factor, as the potential regulator of SlLCYE in tomato. Silencing of SlGCR reduced the expression of carotenoid biosynthetic genes and the accumulation of carotenoids in tomato leaves. By contrast, overexpression of SlGCR in tomato fruit significantly increased the expression of relevant genes and enhanced the accumulation of carotenoids. SlGCR can directly bind to the SlLCYE promoter and activate its expression. In addition, we also discovered that expression of SlGCR was negatively regulated by the master regulator SlRIN, thereby inhibiting lutein synthesis during tomato fruit ripening. Taken together, we identified SlGCR as a novel regulator involved in tomato lutein biosynthesis, elucidated the regulatory mechanism, and provided a potential tool for tomato lutein metabolic engineering. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42994-022-00088-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyan Ren
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064 China
| | - Yong Yuan
- Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Sanya, 572025 China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Hsihua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064 China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064 China
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32
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Nicolas P, Shinozaki Y, Powell A, Philippe G, Snyder SI, Bao K, Zheng Y, Xu Y, Courtney L, Vrebalov J, Casteel CL, Mueller LA, Fei Z, Giovannoni JJ, Rose JKC, Catalá C. Spatiotemporal dynamics of the tomato fruit transcriptome under prolonged water stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 190:2557-2578. [PMID: 36135793 PMCID: PMC9706477 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Water availability influences all aspects of plant growth and development; however, most studies of plant responses to drought have focused on vegetative organs, notably roots and leaves. Far less is known about the molecular bases of drought acclimation responses in fruits, which are complex organs with distinct tissue types. To obtain a more comprehensive picture of the molecular mechanisms governing fruit development under drought, we profiled the transcriptomes of a spectrum of fruit tissues from tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), spanning early growth through ripening and collected from plants grown under varying intensities of water stress. In addition, we compared transcriptional changes in fruit with those in leaves to highlight different and conserved transcriptome signatures in vegetative and reproductive organs. We observed extensive and diverse genetic reprogramming in different fruit tissues and leaves, each associated with a unique response to drought acclimation. These included major transcriptional shifts in the placenta of growing fruit and in the seeds of ripe fruit related to cell growth and epigenetic regulation, respectively. Changes in metabolic and hormonal pathways, such as those related to starch, carotenoids, jasmonic acid, and ethylene metabolism, were associated with distinct fruit tissues and developmental stages. Gene coexpression network analysis provided further insights into the tissue-specific regulation of distinct responses to water stress. Our data highlight the spatiotemporal specificity of drought responses in tomato fruit and indicate known and unrevealed molecular regulatory mechanisms involved in drought acclimation, during both vegetative and reproductive stages of development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yoshihito Shinozaki
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Adrian Powell
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Glenn Philippe
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Stephen I Snyder
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Kan Bao
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Yi Zheng
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Yimin Xu
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | | | | | - Clare L Casteel
- Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | | | - Zhangjun Fei
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
- U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - James J Giovannoni
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
- U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Jocelyn K C Rose
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Carmen Catalá
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
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Tyagi K, Sunkum A, Gupta P, Kilambi HV, Sreelakshmi Y, Sharma R. Reduced γ-glutamyl hydrolase activity likely contributes to high folate levels in Periyakulam-1 tomato. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 10:uhac235. [PMID: 36643736 PMCID: PMC9832877 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Tomato cultivars show wide variation in nutraceutical folate in ripe fruits, yet the loci regulating folate levels in fruits remain unexplored. To decipher regulatory points, we compared two contrasting tomato cultivars: Periyakulam-1 (PKM-1) with high folate and Arka Vikas (AV) with low folate. The progression of ripening in PKM-1 was nearly similar to AV but had substantially lower ethylene emission. In parallel, the levels of phytohormones salicylic acid, ABA, and jasmonic acid were substantially lower than AV. The fruits of PKM-1 were metabolically distinct from AV, with upregulation of several amino acids. Consistent with higher °Brix, the red ripe fruits also showed upregulation of sugars and sugar-derived metabolites. In parallel with higher folate, PKM-1 fruits also had higher carotenoid levels, especially lycopene and β-carotene. The proteome analysis showed upregulation of carotenoid sequestration and folate metabolism-related proteins in PKM-1. The deglutamylation pathway mediated by γ-glutamyl hydrolase (GGH) was substantially reduced in PKM-1 at the red-ripe stage. The red-ripe fruits had reduced transcript levels of GGHs and lower GGH activity than AV. Conversely, the percent polyglutamylation of folate was much higher in PKM-1. Our analysis indicates the regulation of GGH activity as a potential target to elevate folate levels in tomato fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anusha Sunkum
- Repository of Tomato Genomics Resources, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad-500046, India
| | - Prateek Gupta
- Repository of Tomato Genomics Resources, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad-500046, India
| | - Himabindu Vasuki Kilambi
- Repository of Tomato Genomics Resources, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad-500046, India
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34
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Singh DP, Bisen MS, Shukla R, Prabha R, Maurya S, Reddy YS, Singh PM, Rai N, Chaubey T, Chaturvedi KK, Srivastava S, Farooqi MS, Gupta VK, Sarma BK, Rai A, Behera TK. Metabolomics-Driven Mining of Metabolite Resources: Applications and Prospects for Improving Vegetable Crops. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012062. [PMID: 36292920 PMCID: PMC9603451 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vegetable crops possess a prominent nutri-metabolite pool that not only contributes to the crop performance in the fields, but also offers nutritional security for humans. In the pursuit of identifying, quantifying and functionally characterizing the cellular metabolome pool, biomolecule separation technologies, data acquisition platforms, chemical libraries, bioinformatics tools, databases and visualization techniques have come to play significant role. High-throughput metabolomics unravels structurally diverse nutrition-rich metabolites and their entangled interactions in vegetable plants. It has helped to link identified phytometabolites with unique phenotypic traits, nutri-functional characters, defense mechanisms and crop productivity. In this study, we explore mining diverse metabolites, localizing cellular metabolic pathways, classifying functional biomolecules and establishing linkages between metabolic fluxes and genomic regulations, using comprehensive metabolomics deciphers of the plant’s performance in the environment. We discuss exemplary reports covering the implications of metabolomics, addressing metabolic changes in vegetable plants during crop domestication, stage-dependent growth, fruit development, nutri-metabolic capabilities, climatic impacts, plant-microbe-pest interactions and anthropogenic activities. Efforts leading to identify biomarker metabolites, candidate proteins and the genes responsible for plant health, defense mechanisms and nutri-rich crop produce are documented. With the insights on metabolite-QTL (mQTL) driven genetic architecture, molecular breeding in vegetable crops can be revolutionized for developing better nutritional capabilities, improved tolerance against diseases/pests and enhanced climate resilience in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhananjaya Pratap Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Jakhini, Shahanshahpur, Varanasi 221305, India
- Correspondence:
| | - Mansi Singh Bisen
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Jakhini, Shahanshahpur, Varanasi 221305, India
| | - Renu Shukla
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), Krishi Bhawan, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Road, New Delhi 110001, India
| | - Ratna Prabha
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics, Library Avenue, Pusa, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Sudarshan Maurya
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Jakhini, Shahanshahpur, Varanasi 221305, India
| | - Yesaru S. Reddy
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Jakhini, Shahanshahpur, Varanasi 221305, India
| | - Prabhakar Mohan Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Jakhini, Shahanshahpur, Varanasi 221305, India
| | - Nagendra Rai
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Jakhini, Shahanshahpur, Varanasi 221305, India
| | - Tribhuwan Chaubey
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Jakhini, Shahanshahpur, Varanasi 221305, India
| | - Krishna Kumar Chaturvedi
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics, Library Avenue, Pusa, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Sudhir Srivastava
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics, Library Avenue, Pusa, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Mohammad Samir Farooqi
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics, Library Avenue, Pusa, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Vijai Kumar Gupta
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Centre, Scotland’s Rural College, Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK
| | - Birinchi K. Sarma
- Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Anil Rai
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics, Library Avenue, Pusa, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Tusar Kanti Behera
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Jakhini, Shahanshahpur, Varanasi 221305, India
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Chen T, Duan W. DNA methylation changes were involved in inhibiting ethylene signaling and delaying senescence of tomato fruit under low temperature. Biologia (Bratisl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-022-01229-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Tyagi K, Sunkum A, Rai M, Yadav A, Sircar S, Sreelakshmi Y, Sharma R. Seeing the unseen: a trifoliate (MYB117) mutant allele fortifies folate and carotenoids in tomato fruits. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 112:38-54. [PMID: 35899408 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), mutations in the gene encoding the R2R3-MYB117 transcription factor elicit trifoliate leaves and initiate the formation of axillary meristems; however, their effects on fruit ripening remain unexplored. The fruits of a new trifoliate (tf) mutant (tf-5) were firmer and had higher °Brix values and higher folate and carotenoid contents. The transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome profiling of tf-5 reflected a broad-spectrum change in cellular homeostasis. The tf-5 allele enhanced the fruit firmness by suppressing cell wall softening-related proteins. tf-5 fruit displayed a substantial increase in amino acids, particularly γ-aminobutyric acid, with a parallel reduction in aminoacyl-tRNA synthases. The increased lipoxygenase protein and transcript levels seemingly elevated jasmonic acid levels. In addition, increased abscisic acid hydrolase transcript levels coupled with reduced precursor supply lowered abscisic acid levels. The upregulation of carotenoids was mediated by modulation of methylerythreitol and plastoquinone pathways and increased the levels of carotenoid isomerization proteins. The upregulation of folate in tf-5 was connoted by the increase in the precursor p-aminobenzoic acid and transcript levels of several folate biosynthesis genes. The reduction in pterin-6-carboxylate levels and γ-glutamyl hydrolase activity indicated that reduced folate degradation in tf-5 increased folate levels. Our study delineates that in addition to leaf development, MYB117 also influences fruit metabolism. The tf-5 allele can be used to increase γ-aminobutyric acid, carotenoid, and folate levels in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Tyagi
- Repository of Tomato Genomics Resources, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Anusha Sunkum
- Repository of Tomato Genomics Resources, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Meenakshi Rai
- Repository of Tomato Genomics Resources, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Amita Yadav
- Repository of Tomato Genomics Resources, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Sanchari Sircar
- Repository of Tomato Genomics Resources, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Yellamaraju Sreelakshmi
- Repository of Tomato Genomics Resources, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Rameshwar Sharma
- Repository of Tomato Genomics Resources, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
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Zhao X, Zhang Y, Long T, Wang S, Yang J. Regulation Mechanism of Plant Pigments Biosynthesis: Anthocyanins, Carotenoids, and Betalains. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12090871. [PMID: 36144275 PMCID: PMC9506007 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12090871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins, carotenoids, and betalains are known as the three major pigments in the plant kingdom. Anthocyanins are flavonoids derived from the phenylpropanoid pathway. They undergo acylation and glycosylation in the cytoplasm to produce anthocyanin derivatives and deposits in the cytoplasm. Anthocyanin biosynthesis is regulated by the MBW (comprised by R2R3-MYB, basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) and WD40) complex. Carotenoids are fat-soluble terpenoids whose synthetic genes also are regulated by the MBW complex. As precursors for the synthesis of hormones and nutrients, carotenoids are not only synthesized in plants, but also synthesized in some fungi and bacteria, and play an important role in photosynthesis. Betalains are special water-soluble pigments that exist only in Caryophyllaceae plants. Compared to anthocyanins and carotenoids, the synthesis and regulation mechanism of betalains is simpler, starting from tyrosine, and is only regulated by MYB (myeloblastosis). Recently, a considerable amount of novel information has been gathered on the regulation of plant pigment biosynthesis, specifically with respect to aspects. In this review, we summarize the knowledge and current gaps in our understanding with a view of highlighting opportunities for the development of pigment-rich plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuecheng Zhao
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yueran Zhang
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Tuan Long
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Shouchuang Wang
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Correspondence: (S.W.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jun Yang
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Correspondence: (S.W.); (J.Y.)
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González‐Casado S, López‐Gámez G, Martín‐Belloso O, Elez‐Martínez P, Soliva‐Fortuny R. Pulsed light of near-infrared and visible light wavelengths induces the accumulation of carotenoids in tomato fruits during post-treatment time. J Food Sci 2022; 87:3913-3924. [PMID: 35983588 PMCID: PMC9805007 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Pulsed light (PL) is proposed as a novel strategy for the food industry to enhance the antioxidant potential of fruits and vegetables for industrial uses. The main aim of this work is to evaluate the impact of postharvest PL treatments of different spectral ranges on the carotenoid concentration as well as quality attributes of tomatoes during post-treatment time. Doses of wide-spectrum light (180-1100 nm), full-spectrum without ultraviolet (UV)-C wavelengths (305-1100 nm), and visible (VIS) + near-infrared light (NIR) (400-1100 nm) were compared. Total carotenoids, lycopene, and chlorophyll contents were spectrophotometrically assessed just after treatments and 1, 5, and 10 days post-treatment. PL treatments accelerated the accumulation of both total carotenoids and lycopene concentrations in tomato fruits. Nevertheless, the efficacy of PL depended on the applied spectral range. Tomato subjected to VIS + NIR treatment exhibited the greatest enhancement in total carotenoids (31 %) and lycopene (35 %) content at day 5 post-treatment and quality attributes were not affected. Conversely, UV-light exposure did not enhance carotenoid concentrations. These results evidenced that VIS + NIR treatments induced a faster accumulation of carotenoids without negatively affecting tomato quality attributes. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The integration of visible and near-infrared (VIS + NIR) light filters in pulsed light (PL) processing allows enhancing the accumulation of bioactive compounds in tomato tissues in a sustainable way, which can be processed to obtain derived products (e.g., juices, purees) with health-promoting properties. PL technology is characterized by a lack of residual compounds and the absence of applying chemicals potentially harmful to humans. Industries can attract the attention of consumers through their application, which allows offering this added value.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gloria López‐Gámez
- Department of Food TechnologyUniversity of Lleida—Agrotecnio‐CeRCA CenterLleidaSpain
| | - Olga Martín‐Belloso
- Department of Food TechnologyUniversity of Lleida—Agrotecnio‐CeRCA CenterLleidaSpain
| | - Pedro Elez‐Martínez
- Department of Food TechnologyUniversity of Lleida—Agrotecnio‐CeRCA CenterLleidaSpain
| | - Robert Soliva‐Fortuny
- Department of Food TechnologyUniversity of Lleida—Agrotecnio‐CeRCA CenterLleidaSpain
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39
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He MX, Wang JL, Lin YY, Huang JC, Liu AZ, Chen F. Engineering an oilseed crop for hyper-accumulation of carotenoids in the seeds without using a traditional marker gene. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2022; 41:1751-1761. [PMID: 35748890 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-022-02889-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ketocarotenoids were synthesized successfully in Camelina sativa seeds by genetic modification without using a traditional selection marker genes. This method provided an interesting tool for metabolic engineering of seed crops. Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz is an important oil crop with many excellent agronomic traits. This model oil plant has been exploited to accumulate value-added bioproducts using genetic manipulation that depends on antibiotic- or herbicide-based selection marker genes (SMG), one of the major concerns for genetically modified foods. Here we reported metabolic engineering of C. sativa to synthesize red ketocarotenoids that could serve as a reporter to visualize transgenic events without using a traditional SMG. Overexpression of a non-native β-carotene ketolase gene coupled with three other carotenogenous genes (phytoene synthase, β-carotene hydroxylase, and Orange) in C. sativa resulted in production of red seeds that were visibly distinguishable from the normal yellow ones. Constitutive expression of the transgenes led to delayed plant development and seed germination. In contrast, seed-specific transformants demonstrated normal growth and seed germination despite the accumulation of up to 70-fold the level of carotenoids in the seeds compared to the controls, including significant amounts of astaxanthin and keto-lutein. As a result, the transgenic seed oils exhibited much higher antioxidant activity. No significant changes were found in the profiles of fatty acids between transgenic and control seeds. This study provided an interesting tool for metabolic engineering of seed crops without using a disputed SMG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Xia He
- Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, Yunnan, China
- Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Jie-Lin Wang
- Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Lin
- Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Jun-Chao Huang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, China.
| | - Ai-Zhong Liu
- Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, Yunnan, China.
| | - Feng Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, China.
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40
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Meng F, Li Y, Li S, Chen H, Shao Z, Jian Y, Mao Y, Liu L, Wang Q. Carotenoid biofortification in tomato products along whole agro-food chain from field to fork. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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41
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Duduit JR, Kosentka PZ, Miller MA, Blanco-Ulate B, Lenucci MS, Panthee DR, Perkins-Veazie P, Liu W. Coordinated transcriptional regulation of the carotenoid biosynthesis contributes to fruit lycopene content in high-lycopene tomato genotypes. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 9:uhac084. [PMID: 35669706 PMCID: PMC9160729 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lycopene content in tomato fruit is largely under genetic control and varies greatly among genotypes. Continued improvement of lycopene content in elite varieties with conventional breeding has become challenging, in part because little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms in high-lycopene tomatoes (HLYs). We collected 42 HLYs with different genetic backgrounds worldwide. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis revealed lycopene contents differed among the positive control wild tomato Solanum pimpinellifolium, HLYs, the normal lycopene cultivar "Moneymaker", and the non-lycopene cultivar NC 1Y at the pink and red ripe stages. Real-time RT-PCR analysis of expression of the 25 carotenoid biosynthesis pathway genes of each genotype showed a significantly higher expression in nine upstream genes (GGPPS1, GGPPS2, GGPPS3, TPT1, SSU II, PSY2, ZDS, CrtISO and CrtISO-L1 but not the well-studied PSY1, PDS and Z-ISO) at the breaker and/or red ripe stages in HLYs compared to Moneymaker, indicating a higher metabolic flux flow into carotenoid biosynthesis pathway in HLYs. Further conversion of lycopene to carotenes may be prevented via the two downstream genes (β-LCY2 and ε-LCY), which had low-abundance transcripts at either or both stages. Additionally, the significantly higher expression of four downstream genes (BCH1, ZEP, VDE, and CYP97C11) at either or both ripeness stages leads to significantly lower fruit lycopene content in HLYs than in the wild tomato. This is the first systematic investigation of the role of the complete pathway genes in regulating fruit lycopene biosynthesis across many HLYs, and enables tomato breeding and gene editing for increased fruit lycopene content.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Morgan A Miller
- Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
| | | | - Marcello S Lenucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento (DiSTeBA), Via Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, Lecce, 73100 Italy
| | - Dilip R Panthee
- Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, Mountain Horticultural Crops Research and Extension Center, Mills River, NC 28759, USA
| | - Penelope Perkins-Veazie
- Department of Horticultural Science, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
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42
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Inheritance of Secondary Metabolites and Gene Expression Related to Tomato Fruit Quality. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116163. [PMID: 35682842 PMCID: PMC9181508 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavour and nutritional quality are important goals for tomato breeders. This study aimed to shed light upon transgressive behaviors for fruit metabolic content. We studied the metabolic contents of 44 volatile organic compounds (VOCs), 18 polyphenolics, together with transcriptome profiles in a factorial design comprising six parental lines and their 14 F1 hybrids (HF1) among which were five pairs of reciprocal HF1. After cluster analyses of the metabolome dataset and co-expression network construction of the transcriptome dataset, we characterized the mode of inheritance of each component. Both overall and per-cross mode of inheritance analyses revealed as many additive and non-additive modes of inheritance with few reciprocal effects. Up to 66% of metabolites displayed transgressions in a HF1 relative to parental values. Analysis of the modes of inheritance of metabolites revealed that: (i) transgressions were mostly of a single type whichever the cross and poorly correlated to the genetic distance between parental lines; (ii) modes of inheritance were scarcely consistent between the 14 crosses but metabolites belonging to the same cluster displayed similar modes of inheritance for a given cross. Integrating metabolome, transcriptome and modes of inheritance analyses suggested a few candidate genes that may drive important changes in fruit VOC contents.
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43
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Hu F, Bi X, Liu H, Fu X, Li Y, Yang Y, Zhang X, Wu R, Li G, Lv Y, Huang J, Luo X, Shi R. Transcriptome and carotenoid profiling of different varieties of Coffea arabica provides insights into fruit color formation. PLANT DIVERSITY 2022; 44:322-334. [PMID: 35769592 PMCID: PMC9209900 DOI: 10.1016/j.pld.2021.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The processability and ultimate quality of coffee (C offea arabica) are determined by the composition of the matured fruits. The basis of genetic variation in coffee fruit quality could be explained by studying color formation during fruit maturation. Transcriptome profiling was conducted on matured fruits of four C. arabica varieties (orange colored fruits (ORF); purple colored fruits (PF); red colored fruits (RF) and yellow colored fruits (YF)) to identify key color-regulating genes, biosynthesis pathways and transcription factors implicated in fruit color formation. A total of 39,938 genes were identified in the transcriptomes of the four C. arabica varieties. In all, 2745, 781 and 1224 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected in YF_vs_PF, YF_vs_RF and YF_vs_ORF, respectively, with 1732 DEGs conserved among the three pairwise groups. Functional annotation of the DEGs led to the detection of 28 and 82 key genes involved in the biosynthesis of carotenoids and anthocyanins, respectively. Key transcription factors bHLH, MYB, NAC, MADS, and WRKY implicated in fruit color regulation were detected. The high expression levels of gene-LOC113688784 (PSY), gene-LOC113730013 (β-CHY), gene-LOC113728842 (CCD7), gene-LOC113689681 (NCED) and gene-LOC113729473 (ABA2) in YF may have accounted for the yellow coloration. The differential expression of several anthocyanin and carotenoid-specific genes in the fruits substantially account for the purple (PF), red (RF), and orange (ORF) colorations. This study provides important insights into fruit color formation and variations in C. arabica and will help to develop coffee varieties with specific color and quality traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faguang Hu
- Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
| | - Xiaofei Bi
- Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
| | - Hongming Liu
- Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
| | - Xingfei Fu
- Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
| | - Yanan Li
- Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
| | - Xiaofang Zhang
- Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
| | - Ruirui Wu
- Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
| | - Guiping Li
- Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
| | - Yulan Lv
- Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
| | - Jiaxiong Huang
- Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
| | - Xinping Luo
- Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
| | - Rui Shi
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, China
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Zhang J, Sun H, Guo S, Ren Y, Li M, Wang J, Yu Y, Zhang H, Gong G, He H, Zhang C, Xu Y. ClZISO mutation leads to photosensitive flesh in watermelon. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2022; 135:1565-1578. [PMID: 35187585 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-022-04054-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The mutation of ClZISO identified in EMS-induced watermelon leads to photosensitive flesh in watermelon. Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) has a colorful flesh that attracts consumers and benefits human health. We developed an ethyl-methanesulfonate mutation library in red-fleshed line '302' to create new flesh color lines and found a yellow-fleshed mutant which accumulated ζ-carotene. The initial yellow color of this mutant can be photobleached within 10 min under intense sunlight. A long-term light-emitting diode (LED) light treatment turned flesh color from yellow to pink. We identified this unique variation as photosensitive flesh mutant ('psf'). Using bulked segregant analysis, we fine-mapped an EMS-induced G-A transversion in 'psf' which leads to a premature stop codon in 15-cis-ζ-carotene isomerase (ClZISO) gene. We detected that wild-type ClZISO is expressed in chromoplasts to catalyze the conversion of 9,15,9'-tri-cis-ζ-carotene to 9,9'-di-cis-ζ-carotene. The truncated ClZISOmu protein in psf lost this catalytic function. Light treatment can partially compensate ClZISOmu isomerase activity via photoisomerization in vitro and in vivo. Transcriptome analysis showed that most carotenoid biosynthesis genes in psf were downregulated. The dramatic increase of ABA content in flesh with fruit development was blocked in psf. This study explores the molecular mechanism of carotenoid biosynthesis in watermelon and provides a theoretical and technical basis for breeding different flesh color lines in watermelon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- National Watermelon and Melon Improvement Center, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Improvement, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Honghe Sun
- National Watermelon and Melon Improvement Center, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Improvement, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Shaogui Guo
- National Watermelon and Melon Improvement Center, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Improvement, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Yi Ren
- National Watermelon and Melon Improvement Center, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Improvement, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Maoying Li
- National Watermelon and Melon Improvement Center, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Improvement, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Jinfang Wang
- National Watermelon and Melon Improvement Center, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Improvement, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Yongtao Yu
- National Watermelon and Melon Improvement Center, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Improvement, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Haiying Zhang
- National Watermelon and Melon Improvement Center, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Improvement, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Guoyi Gong
- National Watermelon and Melon Improvement Center, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Improvement, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Hongju He
- National Watermelon and Melon Improvement Center, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Improvement, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- National Watermelon and Melon Improvement Center, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Improvement, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Yong Xu
- National Watermelon and Melon Improvement Center, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Improvement, Beijing, 100097, China.
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45
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Wang S, Wang T, Li Q, Xu C, Tian J, Wang Y, Zhang X, Xu X, Han Z, Wu T. Phosphorylation of MdERF17 by MdMPK4 promotes apple fruit peel degreening during light/dark transitions. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:1980-2000. [PMID: 35166845 PMCID: PMC9048921 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
As apple fruits (Malus domestica) mature, they accumulate anthocyanins concomitantly with losing chlorophyll (Chl); however, the molecular pathways and events that coordinate Chl degradation and fruit coloration have not been elucidated. We showed previously that the transcription factor ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR17 (MdERF17) modulates Chl degradation in apple fruit peels and that variation in the pattern of MdERF17 serine (Ser) residues is responsible for differences in its transcriptional regulatory activity. Here, we report that MdERF17 interacts with and is phosphorylated by MAP KINASE4 (MdMPK4-14G). Phosphorylation of MdERF17 at residue Thr67 by MdMPK4-14G is necessary for its transcriptional regulatory activity and its regulation of Chl degradation. We also show that MdERF17 mutants with different numbers of Ser repeat insertions exhibit altered phosphorylation profiles, with more repeats increasing its interaction with MdMPK4. MdMPK4-14G can be activated by exposure to darkness and is involved in the dark-induced degreening of fruit peels. We also demonstrate that greater phosphorylation of MdERF17 by MdMPK4-14G is responsible for the regulation of Chl degradation during light/dark transitions. Overall, our findings reveal the mechanism by which MdMPK4 controls fruit peel coloration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Wang
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiqi Li
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Xu
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ji Tian
- Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Wang
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinzhong Zhang
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuefeng Xu
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Ting Wu
- Author for correspondence: (T.W.), (Z.H.)
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Scarano A, Gerardi C, Sommella E, Campiglia P, Chieppa M, Butelli E, Santino A. Engineering the polyphenolic biosynthetic pathway stimulates metabolic and molecular changes during fruit ripening in "Bronze" tomato. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 9:uhac097. [PMID: 35795395 PMCID: PMC9249581 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The metabolic engineered Bronze tomato line is characterized by the constitutive over-expression of the VvStSy gene encoding a structural protein responsible for the stilbenoids biosynthesis and the fruit-specific over-expression of AmDel/Rosea1 and AtMYB12 genes encoding transcription factors that activate the polyphenol biosynthetic pathway. This tomato line is known for the increased levels of polyphenols in ripe fruits and for beneficial health promoting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study we analyzed the transcriptional and metabolic profiling in mature green, breaker, orange and ripe fruits compared to the normal tomato counterparts during ripening, to unravel the effect of regulatory and structural transgenes on metabolic fluxes of primary and secondary metabolisms. Our results showed that the shikimate synthase (SK) gene was up-regulated in the Bronze fruit, and the transcriptional activation is consistent with the metabolic changes observed throughout fruit ripening. These results paralleled with a reduced level of simple sugars and malate, highlighting the consumption of primary metabolites to favor secondary metabolites production and accumulation. Finally, carotenoids quantification revealed a change in the lycopene/β-carotene ratio in the Bronze fruit as a consequence of significant lower level of the first and higher levels of the latter. The high polyphenols and β-carotene content displayed by the Bronze fruit at the later stages of fruit ripening renders this line an interesting model to study the additive or synergic effects of these phyto-chemicals in the prevention of human pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurelia Scarano
- ISPA-CNR, Institute of Science of Food Production, C.N.R. Unit of Lecce, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Carmela Gerardi
- ISPA-CNR, Institute of Science of Food Production, C.N.R. Unit of Lecce, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Eduardo Sommella
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Pietro Campiglia
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Marcello Chieppa
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition Laboratory, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Yuan Y, Ren S, Liu X, Su L, Wu Y, Zhang W, Li Y, Jiang Y, Wang H, Fu R, Bouzayen M, Liu M, Zhang Y. SlWRKY35 positively regulates carotenoid biosynthesis by activating the MEP pathway in tomato fruit. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 234:164-178. [PMID: 35048386 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Carotenoids are vital phytonutrients widely recognised for their health benefits. Therefore, it is vital to thoroughly investigate the metabolic regulatory network underlying carotenoid biosynthesis and accumulation to open new leads towards improving their contents in vegetables and crops. The outcome of our study defines SlWRKY35 as a positive regulator of carotenoid biosynthesis in tomato. SlWRKY35 can directly activate the expression of the 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase (SlDXS1) gene to reprogramme metabolism towards the 2-C-methyl-d-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway, leading to enhanced carotenoid accumulation. We also show that the master regulator SlRIN directly regulates the expression of SlWRKY35 during tomato fruit ripening. Compared with the SlLCYE overexpression lines, coexpression of SlWRKY35 and SlLCYE can further enhance lutein production in transgenic tomato fruit, indicating that SlWRKY35 represents a potential target towards designing innovative metabolic engineering strategies for carotenoid derivatives. In addition to providing new insights into the metabolic regulatory network associated with tomato fruit ripening, our data define a new tool for improving fruit content in specific carotenoid compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Siyan Ren
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Xiaofeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Liyang Su
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yan Li
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilisation of Tropical Bioresource, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 572208, China
| | - Yidan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Hsihua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Rao Fu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Mondher Bouzayen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
- GBF, University of Toulouse, INRA, Castanet-Tolosan, 31320, France
| | - Mingchun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
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Heo J, Bang WY, Jeong JC, Park SC, Lee JM, Choi S, Lee B, Lee YK, Kim K, Park SJ. The comparisons of expression pattern reveal molecular regulation of fruit metabolites in S. nigrum and S. lycopersicum. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5001. [PMID: 35322121 PMCID: PMC8943121 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09032-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Solanum nigrum, known as black nightshade, is a medicinal plant that contains many beneficial metabolites in its fruit. The molecular mechanisms underlying the synthesis of these metabolites remain uninvestigated due to limited genetic information. Here, we identified 47,470 unigenes of S. nigrum from three different tissues by de novo transcriptome assembly, and 78.4% of these genes were functionally annotated. Moreover, gene ontology (GO) analysis using 18,860 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) revealed tissue-specific gene expression regulation. We compared gene expression patterns between S. nigrum and tomato (S. lycopersicum) in three tissue types. The expression patterns of carotenoid biosynthetic genes were different between the two species. Comparison of the expression patterns of flavonoid biosynthetic genes showed that 9 out of 14 enzyme-coding genes were highly upregulated in the fruit of S. nigrum. Using CRISPR-Cas9-mediated gene editing, we knocked out the R2R3-MYB transcription factor SnAN2 gene, an ortholog of S. lycopersicum ANTHOCYANIN 2. The mutants showed yellow/green fruits, suggesting that SnAN2 plays a major role in anthocyanin synthesis in S. nigrum. This study revealed the connection between gene expression regulation and corresponding phenotypic differences through comparative analysis between two closely related species and provided genetic resources for S. nigrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Heo
- Division of Biological Sciences and Research Institute for Basic Science, Wonkwang University, Iksan, 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Young Bang
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Cheol Jeong
- Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Chul Park
- Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Min Lee
- Department of Horticultural Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungho Choi
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Byounghee Lee
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Koung Lee
- Institute of Plasma Technology, Korea Institute of Fusion Energy, 37 Dongjangsan-ro, Gunsan-si, Jeollabuk-do, 54004, Republic of Korea
| | - Keunhwa Kim
- Division of Biological Sciences and Research Institute for Basic Science, Wonkwang University, Iksan, 54538, Republic of Korea.
| | - Soon Ju Park
- Division of Biological Sciences and Research Institute for Basic Science, Wonkwang University, Iksan, 54538, Republic of Korea.
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Soilless Tomato Production: Effects of Hemp Fiber and Rock Wool Growing Media on Yield, Secondary Metabolites, Substrate Characteristics and Greenhouse Gas Emissions. HORTICULTURAE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8030272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Replacement of rock wool by organic substrates is considered to reduce the environmental impact, e.g., through energy savings during production and waste prevention, caused by hydroponically produced crops. A suitable substrate for plant production is characterized by an optimal composition of air- and water-filled pores. In our study, we used hemp fibers as an organic alternative to rock wool in order to cultivate tomato plants in hydroponics for 36 weeks. The leaf area, plant length, and yields, as well as the quality of fruits including soluble solid contents, dry weight content, mineral composition, and contents of phenolic compounds caused by both substrates, were similar. Carotenoids were significantly increased in fruits from plants grown in hemp at some measuring dates. Nevertheless, higher emission rates of greenhouse gases such as N2O, CO2, and CH4 caused by hemp fiber compared to those emitted by rock wool during use are rather disadvantageous for the environment. While hemp proved to be a suitable substrate in terms of some physical properties (total pore volume, bulk density), a lower volume of air and easily available water as well as very rapid microbial decomposition and the associated high nitrogen immobilization must be considered as disadvantages.
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Park TK, Kang IA, Park CH, Roh J, Lee SH, Kim M, Jin E, Kim SK, Kim TW. Inhibition of 4-HYDROXYPHENYLPYRUVATE DIOXYGENASE expression by brassinosteroid reduces carotenoid accumulation in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:1415-1428. [PMID: 34718527 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Unlike the indispensable function of the steroid hormone brassinosteroid (BR) in regulating plant growth and development, the metabolism of secondary metabolites regulated by BR is not well known. Here we show that BR reduces carotenoid accumulation in Arabidopsis seedlings. BR-deficient or BR-insensitive mutants accumulated higher content of carotenoids than wild-type plants, whereas BR treatment reduced carotenoid content. We demonstrated that BR transcriptionally suppresses 4-HYDROXYPHENYLPYRUVATE DIOXYGENASE (HPPD) expression involved in carotenogenesis via plastoquinone production. We found that the expression of HPPD displays an oscillation pattern that is expressed more strongly in dark than in light conditions. Moreover, BR appeared to inhibit HPPD expression more strongly in darkness than in light, leading to suppression of a diurnal oscillation of HPPD expression. BR-responsive transcription factor BRASSINAZOLE RESISTANT 1 (BZR1) directly bound to the promoter of HPPD, and HPPD suppression by BR was increased in the bzr1-1D gain-of-function mutation. Interestingly, dark-induced HPPD expression did not cause carotenoid accumulation, due to down-regulation of other carotenoid biosynthetic genes in the dark. Our results suggest that BR regulates different physiological responses in dark and light through inhibition of HPPD expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Ki Park
- Department of Life Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763South Korea
| | - In-A Kang
- Department of Life Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763South Korea
| | - Chan-Ho Park
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jeehee Roh
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974South Korea
| | - Se-Hwa Lee
- Department of Life Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763South Korea
| | - Minjae Kim
- Department of Life Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763South Korea
| | - EonSeon Jin
- Department of Life Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763South Korea
| | - Seong-Ki Kim
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974South Korea
| | - Tae-Wuk Kim
- Department of Life Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763South Korea
- Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, South Korea
- Research Institute for Convergence of Basic Science, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, South Korea
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