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Levenhagen MMMD, Neves SC, Machado NM, Silva BC, Oliveira RGS, Kassuya CAL, Salvador MJ, Oliveira RJ. The ethanolic extract of Gomphrena celosioides is not carcinogenic and has antigenotoxic effects and chemopreventive Properties. BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 84:e283243. [PMID: 39383365 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.283243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 10/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Gomphrena celosioides, popularly known as perpétua, perpétua brava, bachelor´s button and prostate globe amarahth, is used for the treatment of urinary tract disorders, kidney stones, for skin diseases, infectious diseases, gastrointestinal and respiratory conditions. Rich in phenolic acids and flavonoids, this plant has therefore a potential for use in cancer prevention. Given the above, the present research aimed to evaluate the carcinogenic effect of the ethanolic extract of G. celosioides (EEGc) in an alternative model of Drosophila melanogaster and the genotoxic and antigenotoxic effects in Swiss mice. The larval survival test and the detection of epithelial tumor clones were performed in D. melanogaster. The tested EEGc concentrations were 0.96, 1.92, 3.85 and 7.70 mg/mL. In Swiss mice, the genotoxicity and antigenotoxicity of doses of 100, 1,000 and 2,000 mg/Kg were evaluated. The results showed that EEGc at a concentration of 7.70 mg/mL reduced (p<0.05) larval survival. However, EEGc was not carcinogenic, and the lowest concentration (0.96 mg/mL) prevented (p<0.05) the basal occurrence of epithelial tumors. In mice, EEGc at the highest dose (2,000mg/Kg) increased the frequency of genomic lesions (p<0.05). Yet, none of the doses caused chromosomal lesions (p>0.05). When associated with cyclophosphamide, EEGc was antigenotoxic (p<0.05). The percentages of reduction of genomic damage ranged from 33.39 to 63.23% and of chromosomal damage from 20.00 to 77.19%. In view of the above, it is suggested that EEGc is not carcinogenic, has an antigenotoxic effect and chemopreventive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M M D Levenhagen
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS, Centro de Estudos em Células-Tronco, Terapia Celular e Genética Toxicológica - CeTroGen, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde e Desenvolvimento na Região Centro-Oeste, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
| | - S C Neves
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS, Centro de Estudos em Células-Tronco, Terapia Celular e Genética Toxicológica - CeTroGen, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde e Desenvolvimento na Região Centro-Oeste, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
| | - N M Machado
- Centro Universitário de Patos de Minas - UNIPAM, Laboratório de Citogenética e Mutagênese - LABCIM, Patos de Minas, MG, Brasil
| | - B C Silva
- Centro Universitário de Patos de Minas - UNIPAM, Laboratório de Citogenética e Mutagênese - LABCIM, Patos de Minas, MG, Brasil
| | - R G S Oliveira
- Centro Universitário de Patos de Minas - UNIPAM, Laboratório de Citogenética e Mutagênese - LABCIM, Patos de Minas, MG, Brasil
| | - C A L Kassuya
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados - UFGD, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Dourados, MS, Brasil
| | - M J Salvador
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - R J Oliveira
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS, Centro de Estudos em Células-Tronco, Terapia Celular e Genética Toxicológica - CeTroGen, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde e Desenvolvimento na Região Centro-Oeste, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
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Jiménez-Pulido IJ, Martín-Diana AB, Tomé-Sánchez I, de Luis D, Martínez-Villaluenga C, Rico D. Boosting Synergistic Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Properties Blending Cereal-Based Nutraceuticals Produced Using Sprouting and Hydrolysis Tools. Foods 2024; 13:1868. [PMID: 38928809 PMCID: PMC11203053 DOI: 10.3390/foods13121868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Nutraceuticals obtained from sprouted wheat and oat grains and processing by-products (bran and hull, respectively) naturally containing antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds were evaluated. The objective of this study was the development of a cereal-based nutraceutical formula combining extracts from sprouts and by-products and the exploration for potential synergetic effects in their bioactive properties. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacities, glycemic index, phytic acid, and β-glucan of individual wheat bran hydrolysate (EH-WB), sprouted wheat (SW), oat hull hydrolysate (EH-OH), sprouted oat (SO), and combined ingredients (CI 1, CI 2, and CI3) were used to tailor an optimal nutraceutical formula. The three blend ingredients (CI 1, CI2, and CI3) were formulated at different ratios (EH-WB:SW:EH-OH:SO; 1:1:1:1, 2:1:2:1, and 1:2:1:2, w:w:w:w, respectively). The resulting mixtures showed total phenol (TPs) content ranging from 412.93 to 2556.66 µmol GAE 100 g-1 and antioxidant capacity values from 808.14 to 22,152.54 µmol TE 100 g-1 (ORAC) and 1914.05 to 7261.32 µmol TE 100 g-1 (ABTS•+), with Fe3+ reducing ability from 734. 02 to 8674.51 mmol reduced Fe 100 g-1 (FRAP) for the individual ingredients produced from EH-WB and EH-OH, where high antioxidant activity was observed. However, the anti-inflammatory results exhibited an interesting behavior, with a potentially synergistic effect of the individual ingredients. This effect was observed in CI2 and CI3, resulting in a higher ability to inhibit IL-6 and TNF-α than expected based on the anti-inflammatory values of their individual ingredients. Similar to the antioxidant properties, oat-based ingredients significantly contributed more to the anti-inflammatory properties of the overall mixture. This contribution is likely associated with the β-glucans and avenanthramides present in oats. To ensure the bioaccessibility of these ingredients, further studies including simulated digestion protocols would be necessary. The ingredient formulated with a 2:1 hydrolysate-to-sprout ratio was the most effective combination, reaching higher biological characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Jesús Jiménez-Pulido
- Agrarian Technological Institute of Castilla and Leon (ITACyL), Ctra. Burgos Km 119, Finca Zamadueñas, 47071 Valladolid, Spain; (I.J.J.-P.); (A.B.M.-D.)
| | - Ana Belén Martín-Diana
- Agrarian Technological Institute of Castilla and Leon (ITACyL), Ctra. Burgos Km 119, Finca Zamadueñas, 47071 Valladolid, Spain; (I.J.J.-P.); (A.B.M.-D.)
| | - Irene Tomé-Sánchez
- Department of Technological Processes and Biotechnology (DPTB), Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (I.T.-S.); (C.M.-V.)
| | - Daniel de Luis
- Endocrinology and Clinical Nutrition Research Center (IENVA), Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, Av. Ramón y Cajal, 3, 47003 Valladolid, Spain;
| | - Cristina Martínez-Villaluenga
- Department of Technological Processes and Biotechnology (DPTB), Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (I.T.-S.); (C.M.-V.)
| | - Daniel Rico
- Endocrinology and Clinical Nutrition Research Center (IENVA), Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, Av. Ramón y Cajal, 3, 47003 Valladolid, Spain;
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Ostadrahimi A, Ahmadikhatir S, Amirazad H, EivaziZiaei J, AsghariJafarabadi M, Barzeghari A, Esfahani A, Farrin N. Effect of combination of Beta Glucan and Lactobacillus rhamnosus HerizI on white blood cell counts and serum levels of IL-4 and IL-12 in women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2024; 61:281-287. [PMID: 38777445 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aim of this study was the isolation of native probiotic and determine the effect of combination of Beta Glucan and Lactobacillus rhamnosus Heriz I on White Blood Cell Counts and serum levels of IL-4and IL-12 in breast cancer women receiving Chemotherapy. METHODS This study was randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial in 30 women with breast cancer. Women in the intervention group received two 10-mg capsules of soluble 1-3,1-6, D-beta glucan and one capsule of Lactobacillus rhamnosus strain Heriz I (2 × 107 CFU) daily and placebo group received placebo during 21days, interval between two courses of chemotherapy. White blood cells, neuthrophil, lymphocyte and monocyte counts, serum levels of IL-4 and IL-12 were measured before and after the study. RESULTS We isolated Lactobacillus rhamnosus Heriz I from conventional yogurt of Heriz region and registered in NCBI GeneBank. After administration, in both groups white blood cells counts decreased. At the end of study, serum level of IL-4 was decreased in combination group compared to placebo (P = 0.005). Also, serum level of IL-12 in combination group increased non-significantly (P = 0.066). CONCLUSION The findings suggest that combination of Beta Glucan and Lactobacillus rhamnosus Heriz I may be useful as immunomodulary supplements in chemotherapy patients however further studies were needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Ostadrahimi
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Shonaz Ahmadikhatir
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Halimeh Amirazad
- Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Jamal EivaziZiaei
- Hematology Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | | | - Abolfazl Barzeghari
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Ali Esfahani
- Hematology Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Nazila Farrin
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran.
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Boulifa A, Raftery MJ, Franzén AS, Radecke C, Stintzing S, Blohmer JU, Pecher G. Role of beta-(1→3)(1→6)-D-glucan derived from yeast on natural killer (NK) cells and breast cancer cell lines in 2D and 3D cultures. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:339. [PMID: 38486205 PMCID: PMC10938759 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-11979-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Beta-(1,3)(1,6)-D-glucan is a complex polysaccharide, which is found in the cell wall of various fungi, yeasts, bacteria, algae, barley, and oats and has immunomodulatory, anticancer and antiviral effects. In the present study, we investigated the effect of beta-(1,3)(1,6)-D-glucan derived from yeast on the proliferation of primary NK cells and breast cancer cell lines in 2D and 3D models, and on the cytotoxicity of primary NK cells against breast cancer cell lines in 2D and 3D models. METHODS In this study, we investigated the effects of different concentrations of yeast-derived beta-(1→3)(1→6)-D-glucan on the proliferation and cytotoxicity of human NK cells and breast cancer cell lines in 2D and 3D models using the XTT cell proliferation assay and the CellTiter-Glo® 2.0 assay to determine the cytotoxicity of human NK cells on breast cancer cell lines in 2D and 3D models. RESULTS We found that the co-incubation of NK cells with beta-glucan in the absence of IL2 at 48 h significantly increased the proliferation of NK cells, whereas the co-incubation of NK cells with beta-glucan in the presence of IL2 (70 U/ml) increased the proliferation of NK cells but not significantly. Moreover, beta-glucan significantly inhibited the proliferation of breast cancer cell lines in 2D model and induced a weak, non-significant growth inhibitory effect on breast cancer multicellular tumor spheroids (3D). In addition, the cytotoxicity of NK cells against breast cancer cell lines was examined in 2D and 3D models, and beta-glucan significantly increased the cytotoxicity of NK cells against MCF-7 (in 2D). CONCLUSIONS Yeast derived beta-(1,3)(1,6)-D-glucan could contribute to the treatment of cancer by enhancing NK cell immune response as well as contributing to inhibition of breast cancer cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelhadi Boulifa
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, 10117, Germany
- Competence Center of Immuno-Oncology and Translational Cell Therapy (KITZ), Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, CCM, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, 10117, Germany
| | - Martin J Raftery
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, 10117, Germany
- Competence Center of Immuno-Oncology and Translational Cell Therapy (KITZ), Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, CCM, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, 10117, Germany
| | - Alexander Sebastian Franzén
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, 10117, Germany
- Competence Center of Immuno-Oncology and Translational Cell Therapy (KITZ), Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, CCM, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, 10117, Germany
| | - Clarissa Radecke
- Competence Center of Immuno-Oncology and Translational Cell Therapy (KITZ), Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, CCM, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, 10117, Germany
| | - Sebastian Stintzing
- Competence Center of Immuno-Oncology and Translational Cell Therapy (KITZ), Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, CCM, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, 10117, Germany
| | - Jens-Uwe Blohmer
- Department of Gynecology with Breast Center Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, 10117, Germany
| | - Gabriele Pecher
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, 10117, Germany.
- Competence Center of Immuno-Oncology and Translational Cell Therapy (KITZ), Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, CCM, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, 10117, Germany.
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Cui Y, Han X, Hu X, Li T, Li S. Distinctions in structure, rheology, antioxidation, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of β-glucans from different species. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127684. [PMID: 37890753 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the distinctions between β-glucans from different species, Lentinula edodes β-glucan (LG), yeast β-glucan (YG), and oat β-glucan (OG) were extracted with hot water and determined as β-d-glucopyranose form by HPLC and FT-IR analysis. The molecular weight (Mw) of LG, YG, and OG was 670 kDa, 341 kDa, and 66 kDa, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy exhibited different micro surfaces of three β-glucans and the relative crystallinity of YG was the highest (29.8 %), followed by that of LG (23.2 %) and OG (20.3 %) determined by X-ray diffraction. Congo red analysis and atomic force microscopy showed that LG and YG have triple helical structures. The apparent viscosity, storage modulus (G'), and loss modulus (G") of β-glucans were increased with the increase of Mw. DPPH·, ABTS+·, HO·, and reducing power assays showed that β-glucans from different species exhibited different antioxidant activities, and the DPPH· scavenging rate of 2 mg/mL LG reached >80 % higher than that of YG and OG. The α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of OG was better than YG and LG. In summary, β-glucans from different species have different structures, physicochemical properties, and physiological functions, which provides theoretical evidence for the precise processing and utilization of β-glucan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmin Cui
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, China
| | - Xuedong Han
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, China
| | - Xiaopei Hu
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, China
| | - Tuoping Li
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, China.
| | - Suhong Li
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, China.
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Liu X, Feng Y, Zhen H, Zhao L, Wu H, Liu B, Fan G, Tong A. Agrocybe aegerita Polysaccharide Combined with Bifidobacterium lactis Bb-12 Attenuates Aging-Related Oxidative Stress and Restores Gut Microbiota. Foods 2023; 12:4381. [PMID: 38137185 PMCID: PMC10742414 DOI: 10.3390/foods12244381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the impacts of the combing of Agrocybe aegerita polysaccharides (AAPS) with Bifidobacterium lactis Bb-12 (Bb-12) on antioxidant activity, anti-aging properties, and modulation of gut microbiota. The results demonstrated that the AAPS and Bb-12 complex significantly increased the average lifespan of male and female Drosophila melanogaster under natural aging conditions (p < 0.05), with an improvement of 8.42% and 9.79%, respectively. Additionally, the complex enhanced their climbing ability and increased antioxidant enzyme activity, protecting them from oxidative damage induced by H2O2. In D-galactose induced aging mice, the addition of AAPS and Bb-12 resulted in significantly increase in antioxidant enzyme activity, regulation of aging-related biomarker levels, changed gut microbiota diversity, restoration of microbial structure, and increased abundance of beneficial bacteria, particularly lactobacilli, in the intestines. These findings suggested that the complex of AAPS and Bb-12 had the potential to serve as a dietary supplement against organism aging and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Liu
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (X.L.); (H.Z.)
| | - Yanyu Feng
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Y.F.); (H.W.); (B.L.); (A.T.)
| | - Hongmin Zhen
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (X.L.); (H.Z.)
| | - Lina Zhao
- China National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;
| | - Hongqiang Wu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Y.F.); (H.W.); (B.L.); (A.T.)
| | - Bin Liu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Y.F.); (H.W.); (B.L.); (A.T.)
| | - Guangsen Fan
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (X.L.); (H.Z.)
| | - Aijun Tong
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Y.F.); (H.W.); (B.L.); (A.T.)
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Jiang W, Chen J, Duan X, Li Y, Tao Z. Comparative Transcriptome Profiling Reveals Two WRKY Transcription Factors Positively Regulating Polysaccharide Biosynthesis in Polygonatum cyrtonema. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12943. [PMID: 37629123 PMCID: PMC10454705 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Polygonatum cyrtonema (P. cyrtonema) is a valuable rhizome-propagating traditional Chinese medical herb. Polysaccharides (PCPs) are the major bioactive constituents in P. cyrtonema. However, the molecular basis of PCP biosynthesis in P. cyrtonema remains unknown. In this study, we measured the PCP contents of 11 wild P. cyrtonema germplasms. The results showed that PCP content was the highest in Lishui Qingyuan (LSQY, 11.84%) and the lowest in Hangzhou Lin'an (HZLA, 7.18%). We next analyzed the transcriptome profiles of LSQY and HZLA. Through a qRT-PCR analysis of five differential expression genes from the PCP biosynthesis pathway, phosphomannomutase, UDP-glucose 4-epimerase (galE), and GDP-mannose 4,6-dehydratase were determined as the key enzymes. A protein of a key gene, galE1, was localized in the chloroplast. The PCP content in the transiently overexpressed galE1 tobacco leaves was higher than in the wild type. Moreover, luciferase and Y1H assays indicated that PcWRKY31 and PcWRKY34 could activate galE1 by binding to its promoter. Our research uncovers the novel regulatory mechanism of PCP biosynthesis in P. cyrtonema and is critical to molecular-assisted breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Jiang
- Zhejiang Institute of Subtropical Crops, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wenzhou 325005, China; (W.J.); (J.C.); (X.D.)
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China;
| | - Jiadong Chen
- Zhejiang Institute of Subtropical Crops, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wenzhou 325005, China; (W.J.); (J.C.); (X.D.)
| | - Xiaojing Duan
- Zhejiang Institute of Subtropical Crops, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wenzhou 325005, China; (W.J.); (J.C.); (X.D.)
| | - Yaping Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China;
| | - Zhengming Tao
- Zhejiang Institute of Subtropical Crops, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wenzhou 325005, China; (W.J.); (J.C.); (X.D.)
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Karimi R, Homayoonfal M, Malekjani N, Kharazmi MS, Jafari SM. Interaction between β-glucans and gut microbiota: a comprehensive review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 64:7804-7835. [PMID: 36975759 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2192281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Gut microbiota (GMB) in humans plays a crucial role in health and diseases. Diet can regulate the composition and function of GMB which are associated with different human diseases. Dietary fibers can induce different health benefits through stimulation of beneficial GMB. β-glucans (BGs) as dietary fibers have gained much interest due to their various functional properties. They can have therapeutic roles on gut health based on modulation of GMB, intestinal fermentation, production of different metabolites, and so on. There is an increasing interest in food industries in commercial application of BG as a bioactive substance into food formulations. The aim of this review is considering the metabolizing of BGs by GMB, effects of BGs on the variation of GMB population, influence of BGs on the gut infections, prebiotic effects of BGs in the gut, in vivo and in vitro fermentation of BGs and effects of processing on BG fermentability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Karimi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mina Homayoonfal
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Narjes Malekjani
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | | | - Seid Mahdi Jafari
- Department of Food Materials and Process Design Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Ourense, Spain
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
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9
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Romano G, Del Coco L, Milano F, Durante M, Palombieri S, Sestili F, Visioni A, Jilal A, Fanizzi FP, Laddomada B. Phytochemical Profiling and Untargeted Metabolite Fingerprinting of the MEDWHEALTH Wheat, Barley and Lentil Wholemeal Flours. Foods 2022; 11:foods11244070. [PMID: 36553812 PMCID: PMC9777840 DOI: 10.3390/foods11244070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
An important research target is improving the health benefits of traditional Mediterranean, durum wheat-based foods using innovative raw materials. In this study, we characterised wholemeal flours obtained from a traditional durum wheat cv. Svevo, two innovative durum wheat varieties (Svevo-High Amylose and Faridur), the naked barley cv. Chifaa and the elite lentil line 6002/ILWL118/1-1, evaluating them for targeted phytochemicals, untargeted metabolomics fingerprints and antioxidant capacity. To this aim, individual phenolic acids, flavonoids, tocochromanols and carotenoids were identified and quantified through HPLC-DAD, and the antioxidant capacities of both the extracts and whole meals were detected by ABTS assays. An untargeted metabolomics fingerprinting of the samples was conducted through NMR spectroscopy. Results showed that the innovative materials improved phytochemical profiles and antioxidant capacity compared to Svevo. In particular, Svevo-HA and Faridur had higher contents of ferulic and sinapic acids, β-tocotrienol and lutein. Moreover, Chifaa is a rich source of phenolic acids, β-tocopherols, lutein and zeaxanthin whereas lentil of flavonoids (i.e., catechin and procyanidin B2). The NMR profiles of Svevo-HA and Faridur showed a significant reduction of sugar content, malate and tryptophan compared to that of Svevo. Finally, substantial differences characterised the lentil profiles, especially for citrate, trigonelline and phenolic resonances of secondary metabolites, such as catechin-like compounds. Overall, these results support the potential of the above innovative materials to renew the health value of traditional Mediterranean durum wheat-based products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Romano
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), National Research Council (CNR), via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Laura Del Coco
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (Di.S.Te.B.A.), University of Salento, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Francesco Milano
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), National Research Council (CNR), via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Miriana Durante
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), National Research Council (CNR), via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Samuela Palombieri
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Francesco Sestili
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Andrea Visioni
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Biodiversity and Crop Improvement Program, Rabat P.O. Box 6299, Morocco
| | - Abderrazek Jilal
- National Institute for Agricultural Research Morocco (INRAM), Rabat P.O. Box 415, Morocco
| | - Francesco Paolo Fanizzi
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (Di.S.Te.B.A.), University of Salento, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.P.F.); (B.L.); Tel.: +39-08-3229-9265 (F.P.F.); +39-08-3242-2613 (B.L.)
| | - Barbara Laddomada
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), National Research Council (CNR), via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.P.F.); (B.L.); Tel.: +39-08-3229-9265 (F.P.F.); +39-08-3242-2613 (B.L.)
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10
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Jiang Y, Li J, Liu B, Cao D, Zong Y, Chang Y, Li Y. Novel Hina alleles created by genome editing increase grain hardness and reduce grain width in barley. Transgenic Res 2022; 31:637-645. [PMID: 35982368 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-022-00324-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The hordoindolina genes (Hina and Hinb) are believed to play critical roles in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) grain texture. In this study, we created novel alleles of the Hina gene using CRISPR/Cas9 (Clustered regularly inter spaced short palindromic repeat-associated protein, CRISPR-Cas) genome editing. Mutagenesis of single bases in these novel alleles led to loss of Hina protein function in edited lines. The grain hardness index of hina mutants was 95.5 on average, while that of the wild type was only 53.7, indicating successful conversion of soft barley into hard barley. Observation of cross-sectional grain structure using scanning electron microscopy revealed different adhesion levels between starch granules and protein matrix. Starch granules were loose and separated from the protein matrix in the wild type, but deeply trapped and tightly integrated with the protein matrix in hina02 mutants. In addition, the grain width and thousand-grain weight of the hina02 mutant were significantly lower than those of the wild type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Jiang
- Qinghai Normal University, Xining, 810008, China
| | - Jianmin Li
- Qinghai Normal University, Xining, 810008, China
| | - Baolong Liu
- Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China.,Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China
| | - Dong Cao
- Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China.,Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China
| | - Yuan Zong
- Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China.,Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China
| | - Yanzi Chang
- Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China.,Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China
| | - Yun Li
- Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China. .,Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China.
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11
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β-glucans obtained from beer spent yeasts as functional food grade additive: Focus on biological activity. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.107963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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12
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Mykhalevych A, Polishchuk G, Nassar K, Osmak T, Buniowska-Olejnik M. β-Glucan as a Techno-Functional Ingredient in Dairy and Milk-Based Products-A Review. Molecules 2022; 27:6313. [PMID: 36234850 PMCID: PMC9573285 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The article systematizes information about the sources of β-glucan, its technological functions and practical aspects of its use in dairy and milk-based products. According to the analysis of scientific information, the main characteristics of β-glucan classifications were considered: the source of origin, chemical structure, and methods of obtention. It has been established that the most popular in the food technology of dairy products are β-glucans from oat and barley cereal, which exhibit pronounced technological functions in the composition of dairy products (gel formation, high moisture-binding capacity, increased yield of finished products, formation of texture, and original sensory indicators). The expediency of using β-glucan from yeast and mushrooms as a source of biologically active substances that ensure the functional orientation of the finished product has been revealed. For the first time, information on the use of β-glucan of various origins in the most common groups of dairy and milk-based products has been systematized. The analytical review has scientific and practical significance for scientists and specialists in the field of food production, in particular dairy products of increased nutritional value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Mykhalevych
- Department of Milk and Dairy Products Technology, National University of Food Technologies, Volodymyrska St. 68, 01033 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Galyna Polishchuk
- Department of Milk and Dairy Products Technology, National University of Food Technologies, Volodymyrska St. 68, 01033 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Khaled Nassar
- Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22516, Egypt
| | - Tetiana Osmak
- Department of Milk and Dairy Products Technology, National University of Food Technologies, Volodymyrska St. 68, 01033 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Magdalena Buniowska-Olejnik
- Department of Dairy Technology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, University of Rzeszow, Ćwiklinskiej 2D St., 35601 Rzeszow, Poland
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13
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Mukherjee S, Jana S, Khawas S, Kicuntod J, Marschall M, Ray B, Ray S. Synthesis, molecular features and biological activities of modified plant polysaccharides. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 289:119299. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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14
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Chugh RM, Mittal P, MP N, Arora T, Bhattacharya T, Chopra H, Cavalu S, Gautam RK. Fungal Mushrooms: A Natural Compound With Therapeutic Applications. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:925387. [PMID: 35910346 PMCID: PMC9328747 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.925387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungi are extremely diverse in terms of morphology, ecology, metabolism, and phylogeny. Approximately, 130 medicinal activities like antitumor, immunomodulation, antioxidant, radical scavenging, cardioprotective and antiviral actions are assumed to be produced by the various varieties of medicinal mushrooms. The polysaccharides, present in mushrooms like β-glucans, micronutrients, antioxidants like glycoproteins, triterpenoids, flavonoids, and ergosterols can help establish natural resistance against infections and toxins.. Clinical trials have been performed on mushrooms like Agaricus blazei Murrill Kyowa for their anticancer effect, A. blazei Murrill for its antihypertensive and cardioprotective effects, and some other mushrooms had also been evaluated for their neurological effects. The human evaluation dose studies had been also performed and the toxicity dose was evaluated from the literature for number of mushrooms. All the mushrooms were found to be safe at a dose of 2000 mg/kg but some with mild side effects. The safety and therapeutic effectiveness of the fungal mushrooms had shifted the interest of biotechnologists toward fungal nanobiotechnology as the drug delivery system due to the vast advantages of nanotechnology systems. In complement to the vital nutritional significance of medicinal mushrooms, numerous species have been identified as sources of bioactive chemicals. Moreover, there are unanswered queries regarding its safety, efficacy, critical issues that affect the future mushroom medicine development, that could jeopardize its usage in the twenty-first century.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishi Man Chugh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas, KS, United States
| | - Pooja Mittal
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, RIMT University, Mandi Gobindgarh, Punjab, India
| | - Namratha MP
- CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India
| | - Tanu Arora
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas, KS, United States
| | - Tanima Bhattacharya
- Innovation, Incubation and Industry (i-cube) Laboratory, Techno India NJR Institute of Technology, Udaipur, India
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Hubei, China
- *Correspondence: Tanima Bhattacharya, ; Simona Cavalu, ; Rupesh K. Gautam,
| | - Hitesh Chopra
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, India
| | - Simona Cavalu
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
- *Correspondence: Tanima Bhattacharya, ; Simona Cavalu, ; Rupesh K. Gautam,
| | - Rupesh K. Gautam
- MM School of Pharmacy, MM University, Sadopur-Ambala, India
- *Correspondence: Tanima Bhattacharya, ; Simona Cavalu, ; Rupesh K. Gautam,
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15
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Suflet DM, Popescu I, Pelin IM, David G, Serbezeanu D, Rîmbu CM, Daraba OM, Enache AA, Bercea M. Phosphorylated Curdlan Gel/Polyvinyl Alcohol Electrospun Nanofibres Loaded with Clove Oil with Antibacterial Activity. Gels 2022; 8:gels8070439. [PMID: 35877524 PMCID: PMC9319135 DOI: 10.3390/gels8070439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrous membranes based on natural polymers obtained by the electrospinning technique are a great choice for wound dressings. In order to promote an efficient wound repair, and to avoid antibiotics, antibacterial plant extracts can be incorporated. In the present work, the new electrospun nanofibre membranes based on monobasic phosphate curdlan (PCurd) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were obtained for the first time. To establish the adequate mixing ratio for electrospinning, the behaviour of the PCurd and PVA mixture was studied by viscometry and rheology. In order to confer antimicrobial activity with the nanofibre membrane, clove essential oil (CEO) was incorporated into the electrospun solution. Well-defined and drop-free nanofibres with a diameter between 157 nm and 110 nm were obtained. The presence of CEO in the obtained nanofibres was confirmed by ATR–FTIR spectroscopy, by the phenolic and flavonoid contents, and by the antioxidant activity of the membranes. In physiological conditions, CEO was released from the membrane after 24 h. The in vivo antimicrobial tests showed a good inhibitory activity against E. coli and higher activity against S. aureus. Furthermore, the viability cell test showed the lack of cytotoxicity of the nanofibre membrane with and without CEO, confirming its potential use in wound treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana M. Suflet
- Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Grigore Ghica Voda 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (I.P.); (I.M.P.); (D.S.); (M.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Irina Popescu
- Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Grigore Ghica Voda 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (I.P.); (I.M.P.); (D.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Irina M. Pelin
- Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Grigore Ghica Voda 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (I.P.); (I.M.P.); (D.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Geta David
- Department of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, Gh. Asachi Technical University, Bd. D. Mangeron 73, 700050 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Diana Serbezeanu
- Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Grigore Ghica Voda 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (I.P.); (I.M.P.); (D.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Cristina M. Rîmbu
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Life Sciences, Aleea Mihail Sadoveanu 8, 700489 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Oana M. Daraba
- Faculty of Medical Dentistry, Apollonia University, Pacurari 11, 700511 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Alin A. Enache
- ApelLaser S.A., Str. Vanatorilor 25, Ilfov, 077135 Mogosoaia, Romania;
| | - Maria Bercea
- Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Grigore Ghica Voda 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (I.P.); (I.M.P.); (D.S.); (M.B.)
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16
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Bezerra LS, Magnani M, Pimentel TC, de Oliveira JCPL, Freire FMDS, de Almeida AJPO, Rezende MSDA, Gonçalves IGA, de Medeiros IA, Veras RC. Yeast carboxymethyl-glucan improves endothelial function and inhibits platelet aggregation in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Food Funct 2022; 13:5406-5415. [PMID: 35474367 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo03492h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Carboxymethyl-glucan is a semi-synthetic derivative of β-D-glucan, a polysaccharide widely found in several natural sources, such as yeast, fungi, and cereals. This compound has beneficial effects on health and is considered an important immunomodulator. However, studies exploring carboxymethyl-glucan bioactivity in cardiovascular health remain lacking, mainly in hypertension. Thus, this study sought to expand understanding of the effects of carboxymethyl-glucan on vascular and platelet functions in a hypertensive animal model. Spontaneously hypertensive rats and their normotensive Wistar-Kyoto controls were assigned to five groups: control, carboxymethyl-glucan (60 mg kg-1), control spontaneously hypertensive rats, spontaneously hypertensive rats carboxymethyl-glucan (20 mg kg-1), and spontaneously hypertensive rats carboxymethyl-glucan (60 mg kg-1). Animals were treated for four weeks with carboxymethyl-glucan at doses of 20 and 60 mg kg-1 orally, and control rats received saline as a placebo. Vascular reactivity, platelet aggregation, and reactive oxygen species production were evaluated at the end of treatment. The results showed that carboxymethyl-glucan improved vascular function and reduced platelet aggregation, mainly at a 60 mg kg-1 dose. However, despite these effects, there was no reduction in levels of reactive oxygen species. These findings suggested that carboxymethyl-glucan modulates endothelial function. It also acts as a platelet antiaggregant, which is an interesting resource for managing hypertension and its thrombotic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Soares Bezerra
- Post-Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, Campus I, 58059-900, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil.
| | - Marciane Magnani
- Post-Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, Campus I, 58059-900, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil. .,Department of Food Engineering, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Arthur José Pontes Oliveira de Almeida
- Post-Graduate Program in Development and Technological Innovation in Medicines, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, Campus I, 58059-900, João Pessoa, Paraíba - Brazil
| | - Mathania Silva de Almeida Rezende
- Post-Graduate Program in Bioactive Natural and Synthetic Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, Campus I, 58059-900, João Pessoa, Paraíba - Brazil
| | | | - Isac Almeida de Medeiros
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, UFPB, Campus I, 58059-900, João Pessoa, Paraíba - Brazil.,Post-Graduate Program in Bioactive Natural and Synthetic Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, Campus I, 58059-900, João Pessoa, Paraíba - Brazil
| | - Robson Cavalcante Veras
- Post-Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, Campus I, 58059-900, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil. .,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, UFPB, Campus I, 58059-900, João Pessoa, Paraíba - Brazil
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17
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Shamekhi S, Abdolalizadeh J, Ostadrahimi A, Mohammadi SA, Barzegari A, Lotfi H, Bonabi E, Zarghami N. Apoptotic Effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on Human Colon Cancer SW480 Cells by Regulation of Akt/NF-ĸB Signaling Pathway. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2021; 12:311-319. [PMID: 30788662 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-019-09528-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Drug resistance is one of the major problems, which causes recurrence of cancers. Therefore, complementary treatments are needed to improve the impacts of chemotherapy agents. The effect of probiotics as cancer-preventing agents through involvement in the activation of apoptotic pathways has been established. The present study sought to investigate how the heat-killed form of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (as a probiotic) could affect the Akt/NF-kB-induced apoptosis in colon cancer cells, the SW480 cell line. The cytotoxic effects of heat-killed yeast (HKY) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU, as a positive control drug) were assayed using the MTT method. Morphological changes followed by apoptosis were examined using DAPI staining. The transcription and translation level of apoptosis genes were explored with qRT-PCR and western blotting. The data were analyzed using GraphPad Prism V6.0 Software. The results showed that HKY could induce apoptosis in colon cancer cell line through downregulation of p-Akt1, Rel A, Bcl-XL, pro-caspase 3, and pro-caspase 9 expressions, and upregulation of BAX, cleaved caspase-3, and cleaved caspase-9. Besides, Akt protein expression was not affected. It is noticeable that HKY had a better modulating effect on BAX expression compared with 5-FU. It was able to modulate Akt/NF-kB signaling pathway followed by the apoptotic cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Shamekhi
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jalal Abdolalizadeh
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Ostadrahimi
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Seyyed Abolghasem Mohammadi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Barzegari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hajie Lotfi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Esat Bonabi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nosratollah Zarghami
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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18
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Silva AJD, de Macêdo LS, Leal LRS, de Jesus ALS, Freitas AC. Yeasts as a promising delivery platform for DNA and RNA vaccines. FEMS Yeast Res 2021; 21:foab018. [PMID: 33837785 DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/foab018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Yeasts are considered a useful system for the development of vaccines for human and veterinary health. Species such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia pastoris have been used successfully as host organisms for the production of subunit vaccines. These organisms have been also explored as vaccine vehicles enabling the delivery of antigens such as proteins and nucleic acids. The employed species possess a GRAS status (Generally Recognized as Safe) for the production of therapeutic proteins, besides promoting immunostimulation due to the properties of their wall cell composition. This strategy allows the administration of nucleic acids orally and a specific delivery to professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs). In this review, we seek to outline the development of whole yeast vaccines (WYV) carrying nucleic acids in different approaches in the medical field, as well as the immunological aspects of this vaccine strategy. The data presented here reveal the application of this platform in promoting effective immune responses in the context of prophylactic and therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Jéssica Duarte Silva
- Laboratório de Estudos Moleculares e Terapia Experimental, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rêgo, 1235, Cidade Universitaria, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Larissa Silva de Macêdo
- Laboratório de Estudos Moleculares e Terapia Experimental, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rêgo, 1235, Cidade Universitaria, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Lígia Rosa Sales Leal
- Laboratório de Estudos Moleculares e Terapia Experimental, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rêgo, 1235, Cidade Universitaria, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - André Luiz Santos de Jesus
- Laboratório de Estudos Moleculares e Terapia Experimental, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rêgo, 1235, Cidade Universitaria, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Antonio Carlos Freitas
- Laboratório de Estudos Moleculares e Terapia Experimental, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rêgo, 1235, Cidade Universitaria, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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19
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Cui Y, Zhu L, Li Y, Jiang S, Sun Q, Xie E, Chen H, Zhao Z, Qiao W, Xu J, Dong C. Structure of a laminarin-type β-(1→3)-glucan from brown algae Sargassum henslowianum and its potential on regulating gut microbiota. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 255:117389. [PMID: 33436218 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A homogeneous polysaccharide named SHNP with apparent molecular weight of 8.4 kDa was purified from brown algae Sargassum henslowianum using ethanol precipitation, ion-exchange chromatography, and gel-filtration column chromatography. Structural analyses reveal that SHNP is completely composed of glucose, and its backbone consists of β-D-(1→3)-Glcp with side chains comprising t-β-D-Glcp attached at the O-6 position. Thus, SHNP is a laminarin-type polysaccharide. In vitro fermentation test results showed that SHNP was digested by gut microbiota; the pH value in the fecal culture of SHNP was significantly decreased; and total short-chain fatty acids, acetic, propionic and n-butyric acids were significantly increased. Furthermore, SHNP regulated the intestinal microbiota composition by stimulating the growth of species belonging to Enterobacteriaceae while depleting Haemophilus parainfluenzae and Gemmiger formicilis. Taken together, these results indicate that SHNP has the potential for regulating gut microbiota, but its specific role in the regulation requires to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsheng Cui
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnosis, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Lixia Zhu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong; The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Yixuan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnosis, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China
| | - Siliang Jiang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnosis, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China
| | - Qili Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnosis, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China
| | - Enyi Xie
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Hubiao Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
| | - Zhongzhen Zhao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
| | - Wei Qiao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnosis, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Jun Xu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong; Department of Metabolomics, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Jiangsu Branch of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Nanjing 210028, China.
| | - Caixia Dong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnosis, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
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20
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Fang XH, Zou MY, Chen FQ, Ni H, Nie SP, Yin JY. An overview on interactions between natural product-derived β-glucan and small-molecule compounds. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 261:117850. [PMID: 33766346 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
β-Glucans are widely found in plants and microorganisms, which has a variety of functional activities. During production and application, interactions with other components have a great influence on the structure and functional properties of β-glucan. In this paper, interactions (including non-covalent interaction and free-radical reaction) between natural product derived β-glucan and ascorbic acid, polyphenols, bile acids/salts, metal ion or other compounds were summarized. Besides, the mechanism and influence factors of interactions between β-glucan and small-molecule compounds, and their effects on the functional properties of β-glucan were detailed. This review aims to develop an understanding and practical suggestions on interactions between β-glucan and small-molecule compounds, which is expected to provide a useful reference for processing and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hui Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Ming-Yue Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Fu-Quan Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Hui Ni
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Shao-Ping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China
| | - Jun-Yi Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China.
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Wouk J, Dekker RFH, Queiroz EAIF, Barbosa-Dekker AM. β-Glucans as a panacea for a healthy heart? Their roles in preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 177:176-203. [PMID: 33609583 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.02.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide. Factors increasing the risks for CVD development are related to obesity, diabetes, high blood cholesterol, high blood pressure and lifestyle. CVD risk factors may be treated with appropriate drugs, but prolonged can use cause undesirable side-effects. Among the natural products used in complementary and alternative medicines, are the β-ᴅ-glucans; biopolymers found in foods (cereals, mushrooms), and can easily be produced by microbial fermentation. Independent of source, β-glucans of the mixed-linked types [(1 → 3)(1 → 6)-β-ᴅ-glucans - fungal, and (1 → 3)(1 → 4)-β-ᴅ-glucans - cereal] have widely been studied because of their biological activities, and have demonstrated cardiovascular protective effects. In this review, we discuss the roles of β-ᴅ-glucans in various pathophysiological conditions that lead to CVDs including obesity, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, hypertension, atherosclerosis and stroke. The β-glucans from all of the sources cited demonstrated potential hypoglycemic, hypocholesterolemic and anti-obesogenicity activities, reduced hypertension and ameliorated the atherosclerosis condition. More recently, β-glucans are recognized as possessing prebiotic properties that modulate the gut microbiome and impact on the health benefits including cardiovascular. Overall, all the studies investigated unequivocally demonstrated the dietary benefits of consuming β-glucans regardless of source, thus constituting a promising panaceutical approach to reduce CVD risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Wouk
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste, Campus CEDETEG, CEP: 85040-167, Guarapuava, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Robert F H Dekker
- Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Ambiental, Câmpus Londrina, CEP: 86036-370 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; Beta-Glucan Produtos Farmoquímicos - EIRELI, Avenida João Miguel Caram 731, Lote 24(A), Bloco Zircônia, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, CEP: 86036-700 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Eveline A I F Queiroz
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Apoio Didático em Saúde, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Câmpus Universitário de Sinop, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, CEP: 78.557-267 Sinop, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Aneli M Barbosa-Dekker
- Beta-Glucan Produtos Farmoquímicos - EIRELI, Avenida João Miguel Caram 731, Lote 24(A), Bloco Zircônia, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, CEP: 86036-700 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
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22
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Shoukat M, Sorrentino A. Cereal β‐glucan: a promising prebiotic polysaccharide and its impact on the gut health. Int J Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahtab Shoukat
- Department of Agricultural Sciences University of Naples ‘Federico II’ Via Università 100 Portici Italy
| | - Angela Sorrentino
- Centre for Food Innovation and Development in the Food Industry University of Naples Federico II Via Università 133, Parco Gussone Portici80055Italy
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Abstract
The repurposing of by-products and the reduction of waste from food processing streams is an ever-increasing area of interest. Brewer’s spent yeast (BSY) is a prevalent by-product of the brewing industry. The spent yeast cells are removed at the end of the bulk fermentation. A small amount of it is used to start the next batch of fermentation; however, the majority of the spent yeast is discarded. This discarded yeast is high in nutrients, in particular proteins, vitamins and minerals, as well as containing functional and biologically active compounds such as polyphenols, antioxidants, β-glucans and mannoproteins. At present, BSY is mainly used in animal feed as a cheap and readily available source of protein. This review explores alternative, value-added applications for brewer’s spent yeast including nutritional ingredients, functional food additives as well as non-food applications. A major challenge in the utilization of BSY in food for human consumption is the high level of RNA. An excess of RNA in the diet can lead to an increase in uric acid in the bloodstream, potentially causing painful health conditions like gout. This issue can be overcome by RNA degradation and removal via additional treatment, namely heat treatment and enzymatic treatment. There is potential for the use of BSY ingredients in various food applications, including meat substitutes, bakery products and savory snacks.
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Ogidi CO, Ubaru AM, Ladi-Lawal T, Thonda OA, Aladejana OM, Malomo O. Bioactivity assessment of exopolysaccharides produced by Pleurotus pulmonarius in submerged culture with different agro-waste residues. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05685. [PMID: 33336098 PMCID: PMC7734227 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pleurotus spp. are white-rot fungi that utilize different agro-wastes to produce useful biologically active compounds. In this study, exopolysaccharides (EPS) were produced by Pleurotus pulmonarius in submerged culture supplemented with different agro-wastes. Functional groups in EPS were revealed using Fourier Transform-Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Antimicrobial activity of EPS was tested against microorganisms using agar well diffusion. Scavenging potentials of EPS was tested against 1, 1- diphenyl-2-picryhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl (OH), iron (Fe2+) and nitric oxide (NO) radicals. In vitro prebiotic activity of EPS was carried out. The highest yield (5.60 g/L) of EPS was produced by P. pulmonarius in submerged culture supplemented with groundnut shell (20.0 g/L). The functional groups in EPS were hydroxyl (-OH), methyl (-CH3), ketone (-RCOH) and carbonyl group (-C=O). EPS displayed zones of inhibition (5.00-14.00 mm) against tested microorganisms. Scavenging activity of EPS ranged from 65.70-81.80% against DPPH. EPS supported the growth of Lactobacillus delbrueckii and Streptococcus thermophiles with values ranged from 3.04 × 104-3.40 × 104 cfu/ml and 2.50 × 104-2.81 × 104 cfu/ml, respectively. Submerged culture of P. pulmonarius with addition of agro-wastes enhanced yield of EPS. The EPS exhibited bio-functional properties like antimicrobial, antioxidant and prebiotic activities. Hence, agrowastes can be recycled in submerged fermentation with fungi to produce promising biomaterials for biopharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clement Olusola Ogidi
- Biotechnology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Kings University, PMB 555, Odeomu, Nigeria
| | - Adaeze Mascot Ubaru
- Microbiology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Kings University, PMB 555, Odeomu, Nigeria
| | - Temilayo Ladi-Lawal
- Biotechnology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Kings University, PMB 555, Odeomu, Nigeria
| | - Oluwakemi Abike Thonda
- Microbiology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Kings University, PMB 555, Odeomu, Nigeria
| | | | - Olu Malomo
- Biotechnology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Kings University, PMB 555, Odeomu, Nigeria
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Kondyli E, Pappa EC, Kremmyda A, Arapoglou D, Metafa M, Eliopoulos C, Israilides C. Manufacture of Reduced Fat White-Brined Cheese with the Addition of β-Glucans Biobased Polysaccharides as Textural Properties Improvements. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12112647. [PMID: 33182804 PMCID: PMC7696168 DOI: 10.3390/polym12112647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
β-Glucan, isolated from the mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus, at a concentration of 0.4%, was used in the manufacture of reduced-fat white-brined cheese from sheep milk. Control reduced-fat cheese was also produced from the same milk without the addition of β-glucan. The resultant cheeses were examined for their physicochemical characteristics, color and textural properties, and level of proteolysis and lipolysis. Furthermore, cheeses were evaluated organoleptically. In general, there were no statistical differences in the physicochemical characteristics and proteolysis levels found between both cheeses. The addition of β-glucan improved textural properties, and the cheeses received favorable grades for all the organoleptic characteristics. There were no flavor defects (such as a bitter taste) described by the panellists in this study. Generally, the addition of β-glucan did not significantly affect total free fatty acid content; however, at 180 days of ripening and storage, cheeses with the addition of β-glucan had a higher (p < 0.05) content than cheeses without β-glucan. The major fatty acids were acetic acid and capric acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efthymia Kondyli
- Dairy Research Department, Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-DEMETER, Katsikas, 45221 Ioannina, Greece;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-265-109-4780
| | - Eleni C. Pappa
- Dairy Research Department, Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-DEMETER, Katsikas, 45221 Ioannina, Greece;
| | - Alexandra Kremmyda
- Division of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK;
| | - Dimitris Arapoglou
- Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, Hellenic Agricultural Organisation-DEMETER, 1 S.Venizelou, 14123 Lycovrysi, Greece; (D.A.); (M.M.); (C.E.); (C.I.)
| | - Maria Metafa
- Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, Hellenic Agricultural Organisation-DEMETER, 1 S.Venizelou, 14123 Lycovrysi, Greece; (D.A.); (M.M.); (C.E.); (C.I.)
| | - Christos Eliopoulos
- Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, Hellenic Agricultural Organisation-DEMETER, 1 S.Venizelou, 14123 Lycovrysi, Greece; (D.A.); (M.M.); (C.E.); (C.I.)
| | - Cleanthes Israilides
- Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, Hellenic Agricultural Organisation-DEMETER, 1 S.Venizelou, 14123 Lycovrysi, Greece; (D.A.); (M.M.); (C.E.); (C.I.)
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Jana S, Mukherjee S, Ali I, Ray B, Ray S. Isolation, structural features, in vitro antioxidant activity and assessment of complexation ability with β-lactoglobulin of a polysaccharide from Borassus flabellifer fruit. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05499. [PMID: 33294661 PMCID: PMC7700886 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This research was intended to investigate the structural feature, antioxidative activity and interaction with β-lactoglobulin (β-lg) of a polysaccharide (P) isolated from Borassus flabellifer fruit thru aqueous extraction, protein elimination and chromatographic techniques. Polysaccharide P (molecular weight: 21,000 g mol-1) was constituted of arabinose, galactose, glucose, and rhamnose in a 50:24:20:6 M ratio alongside 9% (w/w) galacturonic acid. It encompassed a petite backbone entailing galacturonopyranosyl and rhamnopyranosyl units substituted with sizable side chains comprising of arabinofuranosyl, galactopyranosyl and esterified coumaric acid (CA) residues. Various series of oligosaccharides including (i) Gal1,2,4-9Ac5-29, (ii) Ara2-3Ac6-8, (iii) Gal3Ara1-3Ac13-17, (iv) Gal4-6Ara2Ac18-24, (v) Gal6Ara1Ac22 and (vi) Gal1Ara2CA1Ac7 and Gal1Ara3CA1Ac9 epitomizing polysaccharide structure were generated and characterised. Fraction P exhibited dose-dependent antioxidant activity and possessed a strong β-lactoglobulin binding capability. Accordingly, B. flabellifer fruit offers an antioxidative polysaccharide having novel structure that can associate with β-lg and, hence, useful in formulating novel food possessing adjustable composition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Imran Ali
- Natural Products Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, West Bengal 713 104, India
| | - Bimalendu Ray
- Natural Products Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, West Bengal 713 104, India
| | - Sayani Ray
- Natural Products Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, West Bengal 713 104, India
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Assessment of Polysaccharide and Biomass Production from Three White-Rot Fungi by Solid-State Fermentation Using Wood and Agro-Industrial Residues: A Kinetic Approach. FORESTS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/f11101055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Research Highlights: For the first time, a model was developed and applied for polysaccharide production from Trametes versicolor grown in agro-industrial and woody residues under solid-state fermentation (SSF) conditions. Background and Objectives: Fungal biomass is an important biological resource for biotechnological applications. Basidiomycetes fungi can be grown and developed on lignocellulosic materials such as forestry, wood, and agro-industrial residues in order to produce value-added products like bioactive polysaccharides. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of the C/N ratio and copper concentration on biomass and polysaccharide production during solid state fermentation (SSF), as well as on the consumption of cellulose and hemicellulose, and lignin degradation, and to propose and validate a mathematical model to describe the overall SSF process. Materials and Methods: This research was carried out by growing three Basidiomycetes species (T. versicolor, Lentinula edodes, and Pleurotus ostreatus) on twelve formulations of solid substrates using mixtures of different inexpensive lignocellulosic residues such as oak sawdust, coconut fiber (hairs), coffee husks, and corn bran plus soybean oil, calcium carbonate, and two levels of copper(II) sulfate. Results: The three fungal species grew well on all substrate formulations. The statistical analysis of experimental data showed no significant effects on polysaccharide production, in the range of C/N and copper concentrations evaluated. Taking into account that the best polysaccharide production was obtained with T. versicolor (96.09 mg/g solid substrate), a mathematical model was proposed for this fungus to describe the behavior of the fermentation system from the obtained data of all the resulting combinations to reach the highest polysaccharide production by the fungus. Conclusions: The mathematical model disclosed in this work enabled to describe the growth and development of a higher basidiomycete under solid-state fermentation conditions on lignocellulosic substrates as well as the production of value-added products like polysaccharides with medicinal properties.
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Banerjee P, Jana S, Mukherjee S, Bera K, Majee SK, Ali I, Pal S, Ray B, Ray S. The heteropolysaccharide of Mangifera indica fruit: Isolation, chemical profile, complexation with β-lactoglobulin and antioxidant activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 165:93-99. [PMID: 32980416 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.09.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A 91 kDa heteropolysaccharide (F2) was isolated from Mangifera indica fruit via extraction with H2O, purification by C2H5OH, starch removal and ion exchange chromatography. This polymer was made up mostly of Ara, Gal, Glc, Rha, Xyl, and GalA in a 37: 29: 9:3:2:19 molar proportion. It inherited a small backbone containing GalpA and Rhap units substituted with very large side chains containing differently linked Ara and Gal units plus esterified gallic acid (GA) residue. Several enzymes generated oligosaccharides including (i) Ara2-10Ac6-22, (ii) Gal1-8Ac5-26 and (iii) GA1Gal1Ac7 were characterized. This polysaccharide, which showed dose dependent antioxidant activity, exhibited synergism with gallic acid, and formed a complex (K = 1.2 × 106 M-1) with β-lactoglobulin. Accordingly, H2O treatment produces a polysaccharide with desired biochemical properties; this could be effective in designing innovative functional food with flexible makeup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallabi Banerjee
- Natural Products Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, West Bengal 713 104, India
| | - Subrata Jana
- Natural Products Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, West Bengal 713 104, India
| | - Shuvam Mukherjee
- Natural Products Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, West Bengal 713 104, India
| | - Kaushik Bera
- Natural Products Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, West Bengal 713 104, India
| | - Sujay Kumar Majee
- Natural Products Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, West Bengal 713 104, India
| | - Imran Ali
- Natural Products Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, West Bengal 713 104, India
| | - Saikat Pal
- Natural Products Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, West Bengal 713 104, India
| | - Bimalendu Ray
- Natural Products Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, West Bengal 713 104, India
| | - Sayani Ray
- Natural Products Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, West Bengal 713 104, India.
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29
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Effect of high pressure homogenization on the production of yeast extract via autolysis and beta-glucan recovery. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2020.102340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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30
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Chaichian S, Moazzami B, Sadoughi F, Haddad Kashani H, Zaroudi M, Asemi Z. Functional activities of beta-glucans in the prevention or treatment of cervical cancer. J Ovarian Res 2020. [PMID: 32138756 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the fourth-ranked cancer in the world and is associated with a large number of deaths annually. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are known as the common therapeutic approaches in the treatment of cervical cancer, but because of their side effects and toxicity, researchers are trying to discovery alternative therapies. Beta-glucans, a group of glucose polymers that are derived from the cell wall of fungi, bacteria, and etc. it has been showed that beta-glucans have some anti-cancer properties which due to their impacts on adaptive and innate immunity. Along to these impacts, these molecules could be used as drug carriers. In this regard, the application of beta-glucans is a promising therapeutic option for the cancer prevention and treatment especially for cervical cancer. Herein, we have summarized the therapeutic potential of beta-glucans alone or as adjuvant therapy in the treatment of cervical cancer. Moreover, we highlighted beta-glucans as drug carriers for preventive and therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahla Chaichian
- Pars Advanced and Minimally Invasive Medical Manners Research Center, Pars Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahram Moazzami
- Pars Advanced and Minimally Invasive Medical Manners Research Center, Pars Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadoughi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R, Iran.
| | - Hamed Haddad Kashani
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Marsa Zaroudi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Public Health Branch, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R, Iran.
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Chaichian S, Moazzami B, Sadoughi F, Haddad Kashani H, Zaroudi M, Asemi Z. Functional activities of beta-glucans in the prevention or treatment of cervical cancer. J Ovarian Res 2020; 13:24. [PMID: 32138756 PMCID: PMC7057557 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-020-00626-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the fourth-ranked cancer in the world and is associated with a large number of deaths annually. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are known as the common therapeutic approaches in the treatment of cervical cancer, but because of their side effects and toxicity, researchers are trying to discovery alternative therapies. Beta-glucans, a group of glucose polymers that are derived from the cell wall of fungi, bacteria, and etc. it has been showed that beta-glucans have some anti-cancer properties which due to their impacts on adaptive and innate immunity. Along to these impacts, these molecules could be used as drug carriers. In this regard, the application of beta-glucans is a promising therapeutic option for the cancer prevention and treatment especially for cervical cancer. Herein, we have summarized the therapeutic potential of beta-glucans alone or as adjuvant therapy in the treatment of cervical cancer. Moreover, we highlighted beta-glucans as drug carriers for preventive and therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahla Chaichian
- Pars Advanced and Minimally Invasive Medical Manners Research Center, Pars Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahram Moazzami
- Pars Advanced and Minimally Invasive Medical Manners Research Center, Pars Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadoughi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R, Iran.
| | - Hamed Haddad Kashani
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Marsa Zaroudi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Public Health Branch, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R, Iran.
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32
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Peymaeei F, Sadeghi F, Safari E, Khorrami S, Falahati M, Roudbar Mohammadi S, Roudbary M. Candida albicans Beta-Glucan Induce Anti- Cancer Activity of Mesenchymal Stem Cells against Lung Cancer Cell Line: An In-Vitro Experimental Study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2020; 21:837-843. [PMID: 32212815 PMCID: PMC7437339 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.3.837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE β-glucan, glucopyranosyl polymers of fungi cell wall, represent an immune stimulating effects with potential anti-cancer activity. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have immunomodulating properties in cancer microenvironment. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-cancer effect of Candida albicans (C. albicans) beta-glucan on MSCs supernatant for apoptosis assay of lung cancer cells in vitro. METHODS Beta-glucan was extracted from cell wall of C.albicans. MSC isolated from adipose tissue of patients and confirmed using specific surface markers expression which examined by flow cytometry. MSCs treated with various concentrations of β-glucans for 48 hours. Cytotoxic effect of β-glucans was evaluated using MTT assay. MSC and lung cancer line cocultured and treated with β-glucans and apoptosis assay was done by flow cytometry. RESULTS Cytotoxicity findings showed a significant decrease in MSC viability during 48h, however it was dose-dependent (P<0.05). According to the obtained findings, supernatant of mesenchymal stem cells treated with β-glucans increased cancer cells apoptosis (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Beta glucan may highlight a potential and novel promising candidate in future strategies to cause apoptosis of cancer cells and consider as therapeutic agent against tumor growth as well. Definitely, more in vitro and in vivo studies are required to understand its functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Peymaeei
- Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadeghi
- Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Safari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Khorrami
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehraban Falahati
- Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Roudbary
- Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Jönsson M, Allahgholi L, Sardari RR, Hreggviðsson GO, Nordberg Karlsson E. Extraction and Modification of Macroalgal Polysaccharides for Current and Next-Generation Applications. Molecules 2020; 25:E930. [PMID: 32093097 PMCID: PMC7070867 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25040930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine macroalgal (seaweed) polysaccharides are highly promising for next-generation applications in several industries. However, despite the reported comprehensive potential of these polysaccharides, commercial products are scarce on the market. Seaweed cultivations are increasing in number and production quantity, owing to an elevated global trend of utilization interest in seaweed. The extraction of polysaccharides from seaweed generally generates low yields, but novel methods are being developed to facilitate and improve the extraction processes. Current areas of applications for seaweed polysaccharides mainly take advantage of the physicochemical properties of certain polysaccharides, such as gelling, thickening and emulsifying. However, many of the numerous bioactivities reported are still only at research level and lack clinical evidence for commercialization. It has been suggested the construction of smaller units may generate better defined molecules that are more suitable for biomedical applications. Enzymatic modification is a promising tool for the generation of more defined, targeted biomolecules. This review covers; structural differences between the most predominant marine algal polysaccharides, extraction processes, modification alternatives, as well as a summary of current and potential next-generation application areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine Jönsson
- Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Post Office Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden; (M.J.); (L.A.)
| | - Leila Allahgholi
- Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Post Office Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden; (M.J.); (L.A.)
| | - Roya R.R. Sardari
- Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Post Office Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden; (M.J.); (L.A.)
| | - Guðmundur O. Hreggviðsson
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Iceland, Askja, IS-101 Reykjavík, Iceland;
- Matis Ohf, Vinlandsleid 12, IS-113 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Eva Nordberg Karlsson
- Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Post Office Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden; (M.J.); (L.A.)
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Al Mutairi AA, Cavagnaro TR, Khor SF, Neumann K, Burton RA, Watts-Williams SJ. The effect of zinc fertilisation and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on grain quality and yield of contrasting barley cultivars. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2020; 47:122-133. [PMID: 31910148 DOI: 10.1071/fp19220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Zinc is essential for the functioning of many enzymes and plant processes and the malting process. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can improve zinc (Zn) uptake in the important cereal crop barley (Hordeum vulgare) on Zn-deficient soils. Here we investigated the impacts of Zn fertilisation and AMF on the yield and grain quality of malting barley cultivars. Five barley genotypes were inoculated or not with the AMF Rhizophagus irregularis, and grown in pots either fertilised with Zn or not. Measurements of Zn nutrition and yield were made for all cultivars. Further analyses of grain biochemical composition, including starch, β-glucan and arabinoxylan contents, and analysis of ATR-MIR spectra were made in two contrasting cultivars. Mycorrhizal colonisation generally resulted in decreased biomass, but increased grain dimensions and mean grain weight. Barley grain yield and biochemical qualities were highly variable between cultivars, and the ATR-MIR spectra revealed grain compositional differences between cultivars and AMF treatments. Mycorrhizal fungi can affect barley grain Zn concentration and starch content, but grain biochemical traits including β-glucan and arabinoxylan contents were more conserved by the cultivar, and unaffected by AMF inoculation. The ATR-MIR spectra revealed that there are other grain characteristics affected by AMF that remain to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Al Mutairi
- The School of Agriculture, Food and Wine and the Waite Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia; and Department of Biology, College of Science, Jouf University, PO Box 2014, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Timothy R Cavagnaro
- The School of Agriculture, Food and Wine and the Waite Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Shi Fang Khor
- The School of Agriculture, Food and Wine and the Waite Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia; and The Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Kylie Neumann
- The School of Agriculture, Food and Wine and the Waite Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia; and The Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Rachel A Burton
- The School of Agriculture, Food and Wine and the Waite Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia; and The Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Stephanie J Watts-Williams
- The School of Agriculture, Food and Wine and the Waite Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia; and The Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia; and Corresponding author.
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Madrigal-Santillán E, Madrigal-Bujaidar E, Reyes-Arellano A, Morales-González JA, Álvarez-González I, Sánchez-Gutiérrez M, Izquierdo-Vega JA, Calzada-Mendoza CC, Anguiano-Robledo L, Morales-González Á. Supramolecular complex formation, a possible antigenotoxic mechanism of glucomannan against aflatoxin B1. TOXICOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/02772248.2020.1715410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Madrigal-Santillán
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Casco de Santo Tomas, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Eduardo Madrigal-Bujaidar
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional A. López Mateos, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Alicia Reyes-Arellano
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Casco de Santo Tomas, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | - Isela Álvarez-González
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional A. López Mateos, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | | | - Claudia C. Calzada-Mendoza
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Casco de Santo Tomas, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Liliana Anguiano-Robledo
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Casco de Santo Tomas, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Ángel Morales-González
- Escuela Superior de Cómputo, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional A. López Mateos, Ciudad de México, México
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Wang J, Chen S, Nie S, Cui SW, Wang Q, Phillips AO, Phillips GO, Xie M. Structural Characterization and Chain Conformation of Water-Soluble β-Glucan from Wild Cordyceps sinensis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:12520-12527. [PMID: 31634426 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b05340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Water-soluble β-d-glucan was obtained from wild Cordyceps sinensis by alkali solution and ethanol precipitation. The structure characteristics were determined using high-performance anion-exchange chromatography coupled with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD), methylation combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and one-/two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Results showed that β-d-glucan had a structure of every seven (1→3)-β-d-Glcp backbone residues with two (1→6)-β-d-Glcp branches. Additionally, conformation properties in different solvents were investigated by static light scattering, dynamic light scattering, and HPSEC with multiple detectors. It was found that β-d-glucan in 0.5 M NaOH had a narrow unimodal distribution of hydrodynamic radius displaying a spherical coil conformation, whereas it formed severe aggregation in dimethyl sulfoxide. In 0.1 M NaNO3, β-d-glucan mainly existed as a rod-like conformation corresponding to a helical structure together with small aggregates (10%). This work added more information to the understanding of C. sinensis polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang) , Nanchang University , 235 Nanjing East Road , Nanchang , Jiangxi 330047 , People's Republic of China
| | - Shuping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang) , Nanchang University , 235 Nanjing East Road , Nanchang , Jiangxi 330047 , People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang) , Nanchang University , 235 Nanjing East Road , Nanchang , Jiangxi 330047 , People's Republic of China
| | - Steve W Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang) , Nanchang University , 235 Nanjing East Road , Nanchang , Jiangxi 330047 , People's Republic of China
- Guelph Research and Development Centre , Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada , 93 Stone Road West , Guelph , Ontario N1G 5C9 , Canada
| | - Qi Wang
- Guelph Research and Development Centre , Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada , 93 Stone Road West , Guelph , Ontario N1G 5C9 , Canada
| | - Aled O Phillips
- School of Medicine , University of Cardiff , Cardiff , Wales CF10 3AT , United Kingdom
| | - Glyn O Phillips
- Phillips Hydrocolloids Research Centre , Glyndwr University , Wrexham , Wales LL11 2AW , United Kingdom
| | - Mingyong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang) , Nanchang University , 235 Nanjing East Road , Nanchang , Jiangxi 330047 , People's Republic of China
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β-Glucan, a dietary fiber in effective prevention of lifestyle diseases – An insight. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcdf.2019.100187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Bai J, Ren Y, Li Y, Fan M, Qian H, Wang L, Wu G, Zhang H, Qi X, Xu M, Rao Z. Physiological functionalities and mechanisms of β-glucans. Trends Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Khalaf AA, Hussein S, Tohamy AF, Marouf S, Yassa HD, Zaki AR, Bishayee A. Protective effect of Echinacea purpurea (Immulant) against cisplatin-induced immunotoxicity in rats. Daru 2019; 27:233-241. [PMID: 31134491 PMCID: PMC6593030 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-019-00265-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Cisplatin, one of the most effective anticancer drugs, is known to cause undesirable adverse effects, including immunotoxicity. Echinacea purpurea is an important medicinal plant with immunostimulatory and anti-inflammatory activities. We have investigated the protective effect of an herbal formulation (Immulant) containing E. purpurea extract against cisplatin-induced immunotoxicity in rats. METHODS Forty mature albino rats were randomized into four groups (10 rats/group). Control (group 1) animals were subjected to intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of saline solution (0.2 ml) once every 3 days. Group 2 animals received cisplatin (3.5 mg/kg, i.p.) once every 3 days for successive 2 weeks. Group 3 rats received oral Immulant (150 mg/kg) once daily for 2 weeks. Group 4 animals received oral Immulant treatment as in group 3 in addition to cisplatin as in group 2. Serum level of total protein and albumin, total and differential leukocytic count, phagocytic activity of monocytes, humoral activity and splenic histopathology and immunohistochemistry were used as diagnostic markers of immunotoxicity. RESULTS Cisplatin induced marked inhibition of cellular immunity as exhibited by significant decrease of leukocytic count, lymphocyte percentage and phagocytic activity with marked increase in neutrophil percentage. Humoral immunity represented by marked inhibition in total protein and γ-globulin concentration and significant inhibition in antibody titer against Mycoplasma gallisepticum were recorded. Histopathological and immunohistochemical observation of the spleen of cisplatin-treated rats revealed obvious pathological findings of marked depletion and degeneration of lymphoid tissue. Co-oral administration of Immulant resulted in substantial improvement of various immunotoxicological indices compared to cisplatin control. CONCLUSION The herbal medicine Immulant is an immunostimulant which could be used to treat the immunotoxic effects of cisplatin. Graphical abstract Cisplatin (CP) is a highly effective antineoplastic DNA alkylating agent. CP induces free radical production causing an oxidative damage.Cisplatin induced marked inhibition in cellular and humoral immunityEchinacea purpurea (Immulant) is a powerful anticytotoxic agent against cisplatin toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelazeem Ali Khalaf
- Department of Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shaymaa Hussein
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Adel Fathy Tohamy
- Department of Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sherif Marouf
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hanan Dawood Yassa
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Amr Reda Zaki
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, 5000 Lakewood Ranch Boulevard, Bradenton, FL, 34211, USA.
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Long NT, Anh NTN, Giang BL, Son HN, Luan LQ. Radiation Degradation of β-Glucan with a Potential for Reduction of Lipids and Glucose in the Blood of Mice. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E955. [PMID: 31159434 PMCID: PMC6630287 DOI: 10.3390/polym11060955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
: Water-soluble and low molecular weight (Mw) β-glucans were successfully prepared by γ-irradiation of water-insoluble yeast β-glucans. The radiation dose used for the degradation of yeast β-glucan was remarkably reduced by increasing the pH of the sample or combining with hydrogen peroxide treatment. Radiation-degraded β-glucans with molecular weights in the range of 11-48 kDa reduced the total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and glucose levels in the blood of administered mice. The decreasing levels of both lipid and glucose indexes in the blood of tested mice strongly depended on the molecular weight of the β-glucan, and the radiation-degraded β-glucan with a molecular weight of about 25 kDa was found to be the most effective for the reduction of blood lipid and glucose levels. Particularly, the oral administration of 25 kDa β-glucan, with a daily dose of about 2 mg per head, reduced the total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol, and glucose levels in the blood of tested mice to about 47.4%, 48.5%, 45.7%, and 47.2%, respectively. The effects on the reduction of blood lipid and glucose levels were also found to be stable after 20 days of stopping administration. These results indicate that the degraded β-glucan with a molecular weight of about 25 kDa prepared by γ-ray irradiation is a very promising ingredient that can be used in nutraceutical food for therapeutics of diabetic and dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Thanh Long
- Nha Trang Vaccines and Biological Products Joint-Stock Company, Khanh Hoa, Vietnam.
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ha Noi, Vietnam.
| | | | | | - Hoang Nghia Son
- Institute of Tropical Biology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
| | - Le Quang Luan
- Biotechnology Center of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
- Hochiminh University of Natural Resource and Environment, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
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Zhu J, Huang Q. Nanoencapsulation of functional food ingredients. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2019; 88:129-165. [PMID: 31151723 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Many functional food ingredients are poorly soluble in water, susceptible to chemical degradation, and incompatible with surrounding food matrix. Other issues are related to limited oral bioavailability, unpleasant sensory properties, and poor release profiles. Nanoencapsulation of functional food ingredients can help increase their water solubility/dispersibility in foods and beverages, improve their bioavailability by exhibiting good dose-dependent functionalities, mask undesired flavors/tastes to reduce the adverse effect on mouth-feel, enhance shelf-life and compatibility during production, storage, transportation and utilization of food products, and control release rate or specific delivery environment for better performance on their functionalities. This chapter provides an overview of different delivery systems for different functional food ingredients, the types of materials suitable for wall materials or building blocks of nanocapsules, the fabrication methods to assemble different delivery systems and release these active ingredients under different physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieyu Zhu
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Qingrong Huang
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States.
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Zheng Q, Li W, Liang S, Zhang H, Yang H, Li M, Zhang Y. Effects of ultrasonic treatment on the molecular weight and anti-inflammatory activity of oxidized konjac glucomannan. CYTA - JOURNAL OF FOOD 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/19476337.2018.1541195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoran Zheng
- School of Advanced Agriculture and Bioengineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenfeng Li
- School of Advanced Agriculture and Bioengineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shan Liang
- School of Advanced Agriculture and Bioengineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Ya’an Polytechnic College, Drug Control Institutions, SiChuan, China
| | - Hui Yang
- School of Advanced Agriculture and Bioengineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Li
- School of Advanced Agriculture and Bioengineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Advanced Agriculture and Bioengineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing, China
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Banerjee P, Mukherjee S, Bera K, Ghosh K, Ali I, Khawas S, Ray B, Ray S. Polysaccharides from Thymus vulgaris leaf: Structural features, antioxidant activity and interaction with bovine serum albumin. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 125:580-587. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Çetin E. Pretreatment with β-glucan attenuates isoprenaline-induced myocardial injury in rats. Exp Physiol 2019; 104:505-513. [PMID: 30677174 DOI: 10.1113/ep086739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? The study was designed to assess whether pretreatment with β-glucan could exert any protective action against isoprenaline-induced myocardial injury in rats. What is the main finding and its importance? β-Glucan pretreatment could reduce myocardial injury by restoring cardiac biomarkers, antioxidant status, apoptosis and histopathological changes. Therefore, β-glucan might have the potential to be used in the prevention and/or treatment of myocardial infarction. ABSTRACT This study was designed to investigate the cardioprotective effect of pretreatment with β-glucan, the glucose polymer derived from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, against isoprenaline (ISO)-induced myocardial injury in rats by studying biochemical cardiac markers, antioxidant parameters, apoptosis, ECG and histopathological changes. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four treatment groups, namely control, β-glucan, isoprenaline and β-glucan + isoprenaline. The β-glucan treatment group received β-glucan (50 mg kg-1 day-1 , p.o.) for 10 days. Myocardial injury was induced by ISO administration (100 mg kg-1 , s.c.) twice, at an interval of 24 h, on the 9th and 10th days. Isoprenaline administration resulted in a marked increase in heart rate, ST segment elevation, myocardial malondialdehyde content, cardiac marker levels (lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase-MB and high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T) and apoptotic index, and a significant decrease in R-wave amplitude and myocardial superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities. In addition, apoptosis, congestion, necrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration and myofibrillar disorganization were observed histologically in myocardial tissue sections. The oral pretreatment with β-glucan prevented almost all the parameters of isoprenaline-induced myocardial injury in rats, and these findings were confirmed by the histopathological analysis. These findings provide evidence that β-glucan could protect rat myocardium against ISO-induced myocardial injury, and this was attributed to its antioxidant and anti-apoptotic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Çetin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Erciyes, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey
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Aggregation and microstructure of cereal β-glucan and its association with other biomolecules. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2018.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Bzducha-Wróbel A, Pobiega K, Błażejak S, Kieliszek M. The scale-up cultivation of Candida utilis in waste potato juice water with glycerol affects biomass and β(1,3)/(1,6)-glucan characteristic and yield. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:9131-9145. [PMID: 30215128 PMCID: PMC6208972 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9357-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
New ideas on production of yeast origin β-glucan preparations for industrial application are attracting interest considering market development of that high-value functional polysaccharide. Sellecting an efficient yeast producer and designing culture conditions are a prerequisite for obtaining high yield of β-glucan. The aim of this study was to describe at the first time the influence of the mode of cultivation (shake-flasks and batch fermentation) and time of culture on characteristic and yield of biomass and β(1,3)/(1,6)-glucan preparations of Candida utilis ATCC 9950 after cultivation in medium based on waste potato juice water supplemented with 10% of glycerol. After shake-flask culture, the biomass was characterized by higher protein content (app. 26.5%) compared to 19% after batch fermentation while the cultivation on a biofermentor scale promoted polysaccharides biosynthesis. The highest output of purified β(1,3)/(1,6)-glucan preparation (5.3 gd.w./L), containing app. 85% of that polysaccharide, was found after 48 h cultivation in biofermentor. Batch fermentation promoted biosynthesis of alkali-insoluble β(1,3)/(1,6)-glucan fraction, decreasing the content of β(1,6)-glucan. The yield of β(1,3)/(1,6)-glucan synthesis was 0.063 (g/g glycerol), while the productivity of that polysaccharide reached 0.094 (g/L/h). Longer batch fermentation (72 h) resulted in reduction of production efficiency of β-glucan preparation under studied conditions. The results of the study provide a new efficient biotechnological solution to produce high-value β-glucan preparations of C. utilis origin based on valorization of agro-waste potato juice water with glycerol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Bzducha-Wróbel
- Faculty of Food Science, Department of Biotechnolgy, Microbiology and Food Evaluation, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska Str. 159c, 02-776, Warszawa, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Pobiega
- Faculty of Food Science, Department of Biotechnolgy, Microbiology and Food Evaluation, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska Str. 159c, 02-776, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Stanisław Błażejak
- Faculty of Food Science, Department of Biotechnolgy, Microbiology and Food Evaluation, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska Str. 159c, 02-776, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Marek Kieliszek
- Faculty of Food Science, Department of Biotechnolgy, Microbiology and Food Evaluation, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska Str. 159c, 02-776, Warszawa, Poland
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Channell GA, Adams GG, Lu Y, Gillis RB, Dinu V, Grundy MML, Bajka B, Butterworth PJ, Ellis PR, Mackie A, Ballance S, Harding SE. Use of the Extended Fujita method for representing the molecular weight and molecular weight distributions of native and processed oat beta-glucans. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11809. [PMID: 30087367 PMCID: PMC6081461 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29997-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Beta 1-3, 1-4 glucans ("beta-glucans") are one of the key components of the cell wall of cereals, complementing the main structural component cellulose. Beta-glucans are also an important source of soluble fibre in foods containing oats with claims of other beneficial nutritional properties such as plasma cholesterol lowering in humans. Key to the function of beta-glucans is their molecular weight and because of their high polydispersity - molecular weight distribution. Analytical ultracentrifugation provides a matrix-free approach (not requiring separation columns or media) to polymer molecular weight distribution determination. The sedimentation coefficient distribution is converted to a molecular weight distribution via a power law relation using an established procedure known as the Extended Fujita approach. We establish and apply the power law relation and Extended Fujita method for the first time to a series of native and processed oat beta-glucans. The application of this approach to beta-glucans from other sources is considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy A Channell
- National Centre for Macromolecular Hydrodynamics, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Gary G Adams
- National Centre for Macromolecular Hydrodynamics, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, LE12 5RD, UK
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2HA, UK
| | - YuDong Lu
- National Centre for Macromolecular Hydrodynamics, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Richard B Gillis
- National Centre for Macromolecular Hydrodynamics, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, LE12 5RD, UK
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2HA, UK
| | - Vlad Dinu
- National Centre for Macromolecular Hydrodynamics, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Myriam M-L Grundy
- School of Agriculture, The Sustainable Agricultural and Food Systems Research Division, Reading, RG6 6AR, UK
| | - Balazs Bajka
- Biopolymers Group, Department Nutritional Sciences, Kings College London, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Peter J Butterworth
- Biopolymers Group, Department Nutritional Sciences, Kings College London, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Peter R Ellis
- Biopolymers Group, Department Nutritional Sciences, Kings College London, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Alan Mackie
- School of Food Science & Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Simon Ballance
- Nofima AS, Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, Ås, Norway
| | - Stephen E Harding
- National Centre for Macromolecular Hydrodynamics, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, LE12 5RD, UK.
- Kulturhistorisk Museum, Universitetet i Oslo, Postboks 6762, St. Olavs plass, 0130, Oslo, Norway.
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Reyes-Becerril M, Guardiola FA, Sanchez V, Maldonado M, Angulo C. Sterigmatomyces halophilus β-glucan improves the immune response and bacterial resistance in Pacific red snapper (Lutjanus peru) peripheral blood leucocytes: In vitro study. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 78:392-403. [PMID: 29684606 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
β-Glucans are naturally occurring polysaccharides that are produced by bacteria, fungi and yeast. They are considered immunostimulants in fish acting on non-specific defense mechanism. Yeast-derived glucans from cell wall (Sterigmatomyces halophilus, β-Gluc/Sh) have been used for this purpose in this study. Therefore, an in vitro assay using peripheral blood leucocytes (PBLs) from Pacific red snapper was performed to evaluate the stimulant effects of β-Gluc/Sh and zymosan A (positive control) for 12 and 24 h and after bacterial challenge with Aeromonas hydrophila at 24 h. In addition, structural characterization of this marine yeast glucan was performed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) revealing structures containing (1-6)-branched (1-3)-β-D-glucan. PBLs responded positively to β-Gluc/Sh where cell viability was higher than 80%. After challenge, β-Gluc/Sh was able to inhibit cytotoxicity caused by A. hydrophila, highlighting that the PBLs incubated with β-Gluc/Sh significantly increased the non-specific immune response, such as phagocytic activity, respiratory burst, nitric oxide and peroxidase activities followed by an increase in superoxide dismutase and catalase activities after 12 and 24 h post-stimulation and after challenge with the pathogen. Regarding induction of antioxidant gene expression, it was more pronounced in stimulated β-Gluc/Sh leucocytes compared to other groups at all experimental times of the trial and after bacterial challenge. Indeed, our results clearly showed the ability of leucocytes to strongly react to β-Gluc/Sh with an increase in cytokine gene expression, particularly the IL-1β, IL-10 and IL-17 genes. These results confirm that S. halophilus yeast-derived β-glucan, isolated from an extreme marine environment, is beneficial for increasing innate immune response and enhancing resistance against A. hydrophila in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Reyes-Becerril
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita, La Paz, B.C.S. 23096, Mexico
| | - Francisco A Guardiola
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Porto, Portugal
| | - Veronica Sanchez
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita, La Paz, B.C.S. 23096, Mexico
| | - Minerva Maldonado
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita, La Paz, B.C.S. 23096, Mexico
| | - Carlos Angulo
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita, La Paz, B.C.S. 23096, Mexico.
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49
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Khawas S, Sivová V, Anand N, Bera K, Ray B, Nosáľová G, Ray S. Chemical profile of a polysaccharide from Psidium guajava leaves and it’s in vivo antitussive activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 109:681-686. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.12.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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50
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STEVANOVIC JEVROSIMA, STANIMIROVIC ZORAN, SIMEUNOVIC PREDRAG, LAKIC NADA, RADOVIC IVICA, SOKOVIC MARINA, GRIENSVEN LEOJVAN. The effect of Agaricus brasiliensis extract supplementation on honey bee colonies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 90:219-229. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201820150182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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