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Li J, Yang J, Jiang S, Tian Y, Zhang Y, Xu L, Hu B, Shi H, Li Z, Ran G, Huang Y, Ruan S. Targeted reprogramming of tumor-associated macrophages for overcoming glioblastoma resistance to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Biomaterials 2024; 311:122708. [PMID: 39047538 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
The resistance of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) to standard chemotherapy is primarily attributed to the existence of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the GBM microenvironment, particularly the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype. Targeted modulation of M2-TAMs is emerging as a promising strategy to enhance chemotherapeutic efficacy. However, combination TAM-targeted therapy with chemotherapy faces substantial challenges, notably in terms of delivery efficiency and targeting specificity. In this study, we designed a pH-responsive hierarchical brain-targeting micelleplex loaded with temozolomide (TMZ) and resiquimod (R848) for combination chemo-immunotherapy against GBM. This delivery system, termed PCPA&PPM@TR, features a primary Angiopep-2 decoration on the outer layer via a pH-cleavable linker and a secondary mannose analogue (MAN) on the middle layer. This pH-responsive hierarchical targeting strategy enables effective BBB permeability while simultaneous GBM- and TAMs-targeting delivery. GBM-targeted delivery of TMZ induces alkylation and triggers an anti-GBM immune response. Concurrently, TAM-targeted delivery of R848 reprograms their phenotype from M2 to pro-inflammatory M1, thereby diminishing GBM resistance to TMZ and amplifying the immune response. In vivo studies demonstrated that targeted modulation of TAMs using PCPA&PPM@TR significantly enhanced anti-GBM efficacy. In summary, this study proposes a promising brain-targeting delivery system for the targeted modulation of TAMs to combat GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Li
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jun Yang
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Shaoping Jiang
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yunxin Tian
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yuquan Zhang
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Lin Xu
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Bo Hu
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Huiping Shi
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhaohan Li
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Guangyao Ran
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yuanyu Huang
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Shaobo Ruan
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
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2
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Mpekris F, Panagi M, Charalambous A, Voutouri C, Stylianopoulos T. Modulating cancer mechanopathology to restore vascular function and enhance immunotherapy. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101626. [PMID: 38944037 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
Solid tumor pathology, characterized by abnormalities in the tumor microenvironment (TME), challenges therapeutic effectiveness. Mechanical factors, including increased tumor stiffness and accumulation of intratumoral forces, can determine the success of cancer treatments, defining the tumor's "mechanopathology" profile. These abnormalities cause extensive vascular compression, leading to hypoperfusion and hypoxia. Hypoperfusion hinders drug delivery, while hypoxia creates an unfavorable TME, promoting tumor progression through immunosuppression, heightened metastatic potential, drug resistance, and chaotic angiogenesis. Strategies targeting TME mechanopathology, such as vascular and stroma normalization, hold promise in enhancing cancer therapies with some already advancing to the clinic. Normalization can be achieved using anti-angiogenic agents, mechanotherapeutics, immune checkpoint inhibitors, engineered bacterial therapeutics, metronomic nanomedicine, and ultrasound sonopermeation. Here, we review the methods developed to rectify tumor mechanopathology, which have even led to cures in preclinical models, and discuss their bench-to-bedside translation, including the derivation of biomarkers from tumor mechanopathology for personalized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fotios Mpekris
- Cancer Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.
| | - Myrofora Panagi
- Cancer Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Antonia Charalambous
- Cancer Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Chrysovalantis Voutouri
- Cancer Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Triantafyllos Stylianopoulos
- Cancer Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.
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3
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Jung J, Schneider EL, Zhang W, Song H, Zhang M, Chou W, Meher N, VanBrocklin HF, Barcellos-Hoff MH, Ozawa T, Gilbert MR, Santi DV. PLX038A, a long-acting SN-38, penetrates the blood-tumor-brain-barrier, accumulates and releases SN-38 in brain tumors to increase survival of tumor bearing mice. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14175. [PMID: 38898077 PMCID: PMC11187204 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64186-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system tumors have resisted effective chemotherapy because most therapeutics do not penetrate the blood-tumor-brain-barrier. Nanomedicines between ~ 10 and 100 nm accumulate in many solid tumors by the enhanced permeability and retention effect, but it is controversial whether the effect can be exploited for treatment of brain tumors. PLX038A is a long-acting prodrug of the topoisomerase 1 inhibitor SN-38. It is composed of a 15 nm 4-arm 40 kDa PEG tethered to four SN-38 moieties by linkers that slowly cleave to release the SN-38. The prodrug was remarkably effective at suppressing growth of intracranial breast cancer and glioblastoma (GBM), significantly increasing the life span of mice harboring them. We addressed the important issue of whether the prodrug releases SN-38 systemically and then penetrates the brain to exert anti-tumor effects, or whether it directly penetrates the blood-tumor-brain-barrier and releases the SN-38 cargo within the tumor. We argue that the amount of SN-38 formed systemically is insufficient to inhibit the tumors, and show by PET imaging that a close surrogate of the 40 kDa PEG carrier in PLX038A accumulates and is retained in the GBM. We conclude that the prodrug penetrates the blood-tumor-brain-barrier, accumulates in the tumor microenvironment and releases its SN-38 cargo from within. Based on our results, we pose the provocative question as to whether the 40 kDa nanomolecule PEG carrier might serve as a "Trojan horse" to carry other drugs past the blood-tumor-brain-barrier and release them into brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinkyu Jung
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Wei Zhang
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hua Song
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Meili Zhang
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - William Chou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Niranjan Meher
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Henry F VanBrocklin
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Tomoko Ozawa
- Brain Tumor Center, Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mark R Gilbert
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Daniel V Santi
- ProLynx, Inc, 135 Mississippi Street, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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4
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Hristova-Panusheva K, Xenodochidis C, Georgieva M, Krasteva N. Nanoparticle-Mediated Drug Delivery Systems for Precision Targeting in Oncology. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:677. [PMID: 38931344 PMCID: PMC11206252 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology has emerged as a transformative force in oncology, facilitating advancements in site-specific cancer therapy and personalized oncomedicine. The development of nanomedicines explicitly targeted to cancer cells represents a pivotal breakthrough, allowing the development of precise interventions. These cancer-cell-targeted nanomedicines operate within the intricate milieu of the tumour microenvironment, further enhancing their therapeutic efficacy. This comprehensive review provides a contemporary perspective on precision cancer medicine and underscores the critical role of nanotechnology in advancing site-specific cancer therapy and personalized oncomedicine. It explores the categorization of nanoparticle types, distinguishing between organic and inorganic variants, and examines their significance in the targeted delivery of anticancer drugs. Current insights into the strategies for developing actively targeted nanomedicines across various cancer types are also provided, thus addressing relevant challenges associated with drug delivery barriers. Promising future directions in personalized cancer nanomedicine approaches are delivered, emphasising the imperative for continued optimization of nanocarriers in precision cancer medicine. The discussion underscores translational research's need to enhance cancer patients' outcomes by refining nanocarrier technologies in nanotechnology-driven, site-specific cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamelia Hristova-Panusheva
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Acad. Georgi Bonchev” Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (K.H.-P.); (C.X.)
| | - Charilaos Xenodochidis
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Acad. Georgi Bonchev” Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (K.H.-P.); (C.X.)
| | - Milena Georgieva
- Institute of Molecular Biology “Acad. R. Tsanev”, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Acad. Georgi Bonchev” Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Natalia Krasteva
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Acad. Georgi Bonchev” Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (K.H.-P.); (C.X.)
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5
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Piranfar A, Moradi Kashkooli F, Zhan W, Bhandari A, Saboury B, Rahmim A, Soltani M. Radiopharmaceutical transport in solid tumors via a 3-dimensional image-based spatiotemporal model. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2024; 10:39. [PMID: 38609421 PMCID: PMC11015041 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-024-00362-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Lutetium-177 prostate-specific membrane antigen (177Lu-PSMA)-targeted radiopharmaceutical therapy is a clinically approved treatment for patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Even though common practice reluctantly follows "one size fits all" approach, medical community believes there is significant room for deeper understanding and personalization of radiopharmaceutical therapies. To pursue this aim, we present a 3-dimensional spatiotemporal radiopharmaceutical delivery model based on clinical imaging data to simulate pharmacokinetic of 177Lu-PSMA within the prostate tumors. The model includes interstitial flow, radiopharmaceutical transport in tissues, receptor cycles, association/dissociation with ligands, synthesis of PSMA receptors, receptor recycling, internalization of radiopharmaceuticals, and degradation of receptors and drugs. The model was studied for a range of values for injection amount (100-1000 nmol), receptor density (10-500 nmol•l-1), and recycling rate of receptors (10-4 to 10-1 min-1). Furthermore, injection type, different convection-diffusion-reaction mechanisms, characteristic time scales, and length scales are discussed. The study found that increasing receptor density, ligand amount, and labeled ligands improved radiopharmaceutical uptake in the tumor. A high receptor recycling rate (0.1 min-1) increased radiopharmaceutical concentration by promoting repeated binding to tumor cell receptors. Continuous infusion results in higher radiopharmaceutical concentrations within tumors compared to bolus administration. These insights are crucial for advancing targeted therapy for prostate cancer by understanding the mechanism of radiopharmaceutical distribution in tumors. Furthermore, measures of characteristic length and advection time scale were computed. The presented spatiotemporal tumor transport model can analyze different physiological parameters affecting 177Lu-PSMA delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anahita Piranfar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Wenbo Zhan
- School of Engineering, King's College, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 3UE, UK
| | - Ajay Bhandari
- Biofluids Research Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, 826004, India
| | - Babak Saboury
- Department of Computational Nuclear Oncology, Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Arman Rahmim
- Department of Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - M Soltani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
- Centre for Biotechnology and Bioengineering (CBB), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
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6
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Oliveira BB, Fernandes AR, Baptista PV. Assessing the gene silencing potential of AuNP-based approaches on conventional 2D cell culture versus 3D tumor spheroid. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1320729. [PMID: 38410164 PMCID: PMC10894999 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1320729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture using tumor spheroids provides a crucial platform for replicating tissue microenvironments. However, effective gene modulation via nanoparticle-based transfection remains a challenge, often facing delivery hurdles. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with their tailored synthesis and biocompatibility, have shown promising results in two-dimensional (2D) cultures, nevertheless, they still require a comprehensive evaluation before they can reach its full potential on 3D models. While 2D cultures offer simplicity and affordability, they lack physiological fidelity. In contrast, 3D spheroids better capture in vivo conditions, enabling the study of cell interactions and nutrient distribution. These models are essential for investigating cancer behavior, drug responses, and developmental processes. Nevertheless, transitioning from 2D to 3D models demands an understanding of altered internalization mechanisms and microenvironmental influences. This study assessed ASO-AuNP conjugates for silencing the c-MYC oncogene in 2D cultures and 3D tumor spheroids, revealing distinctions in gene silencing efficiency and highlighting the microenvironment's impact on AuNP-mediated gene modulation. Herein, we demonstrate that increasing the number of AuNPs per cell by 2.6 times, when transitioning from a 2D cell model to a 3D spheroid, allows to attain similar silencing efficiencies. Such insights advance the development of targeted gene therapies within intricate tissue-like contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz B. Oliveira
- UCIBIO, Department Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
- i4HB, Associate Laboratory—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Alexandra R. Fernandes
- UCIBIO, Department Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
- i4HB, Associate Laboratory—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Pedro Viana Baptista
- UCIBIO, Department Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
- i4HB, Associate Laboratory—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
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7
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Harkos C, Stylianopoulos T, Jain RK. Mathematical modeling of intratumoral immunotherapy yields strategies to improve the treatment outcomes. PLoS Comput Biol 2023; 19:e1011740. [PMID: 38113269 PMCID: PMC10763956 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Intratumoral injection of immunotherapy aims to maximize its activity within the tumor. However, cytokines are cleared via tumor vessels and escape from the tumor periphery into the host-tissue, reducing efficacy and causing toxicity. Thus, understanding the determinants of the tumor and immune response to intratumoral immunotherapy should lead to better treatment outcomes. In this study, we developed a mechanistic mathematical model to determine the efficacy of intratumorally-injected conjugated-cytokines, accounting for properties of the tumor microenvironment and the conjugated-cytokines. The model explicitly incorporates i) the tumor vascular density and permeability and the tumor hydraulic conductivity, ii) conjugated-cytokines size and binding affinity as well as their clearance via the blood vessels and the surrounding tissue, and iii) immune cells-cancer cells interactions. Model simulations show how the properties of the tumor and of the conjugated-cytokines determine treatment outcomes and how selection of proper parameters can optimize therapy. A high tumor tissue hydraulic permeability allows for the uniform distribution of the cytokines into the tumor, whereas uniform tumor perfusion is required for sufficient access and activation of immune cells. The permeability of the tumor vessels affects the blood clearance of the cytokines and optimal values depend on the size of the conjugates. A size >5 nm in radius was found to be optimal, whereas the binding of conjugates should be high enough to prevent clearance from the tumor into the surrounding tissue. In conclusion, development of strategies to improve vessel perfusion and tissue hydraulic conductivity by reprogramming the microenvironment along with optimal design of conjugated-cytokines can enhance intratumoral immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantinos Harkos
- Cancer Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Triantafyllos Stylianopoulos
- Cancer Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Rakesh K. Jain
- Edwin L Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
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8
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Allam T, Balderston DE, Chahal MK, Hilton KLF, Hind CK, Keers OB, Lilley RJ, Manwani C, Overton A, Popoola PIA, Thompson LR, White LJ, Hiscock JR. Tools to enable the study and translation of supramolecular amphiphiles. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:6892-6917. [PMID: 37753825 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00480e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
This tutorial review focuses on providing a summary of the key techniques used for the characterisation of supramolecular amphiphiles and their self-assembled aggregates; from the understanding of low-level molecular interactions, to materials analysis, use of data to support computer-aided molecular design and finally, the translation of this class of compounds for real world application, specifically within the clinical setting. We highlight the common methodologies used for the study of traditional amphiphiles and build to provide specific examples that enable the study of specialist supramolecular systems. This includes the use of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, X-ray scattering techniques (small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering and single crystal X-ray diffraction), critical aggregation (or micelle) concentration determination methodologies, machine learning, and various microscopy techniques. Furthermore, this review provides guidance for working with supramolecular amphiphiles in in vitro and in vivo settings, as well as the use of accessible software programs, to facilitate screening and selection of druggable molecules. Each section provides: a methodology overview - information that may be derived from the use of the methodology described; a case study - examples for the application of these methodologies; and a summary section - providing methodology specific benefits, limitations and future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Allam
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, University Road, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Dominick E Balderston
- School of Chemistry and Forensic Science, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NH, UK.
| | - Mandeep K Chahal
- School of Chemistry and Forensic Science, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NH, UK.
| | - Kira L F Hilton
- School of Chemistry and Forensic Science, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NH, UK.
| | - Charlotte K Hind
- Research and Evaluation, UKHSA, Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JG, UK
| | - Olivia B Keers
- School of Chemistry and Forensic Science, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NH, UK.
| | - Rebecca J Lilley
- School of Chemistry and Forensic Science, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NH, UK.
| | - Chandni Manwani
- School of Chemistry and Forensic Science, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NH, UK.
| | - Alix Overton
- School of Chemistry and Forensic Science, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NH, UK.
| | - Precious I A Popoola
- School of Chemistry and Forensic Science, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NH, UK.
| | - Lisa R Thompson
- School of Chemistry and Forensic Science, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NH, UK.
| | - Lisa J White
- School of Chemistry and Forensic Science, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NH, UK.
| | - Jennifer R Hiscock
- School of Chemistry and Forensic Science, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NH, UK.
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9
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Martins C, Sarmento B. Multi-ligand functionalized blood-to-tumor sequential targeting strategies in the field of glioblastoma nanomedicine. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 15:e1893. [PMID: 37186374 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is an unmet clinical need characterized by a standard of care (SOC) 5-year survival rate of only 5%, and a treatment mostly palliative. Significant hurdles in GBM therapies include an effective penetration of therapeutics through the brain protective barrier, namely the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and a successful therapeutic delivery to brain-invading tumor cells post-BBB crossing. These hurdles, along with the poor prognosis and critical heterogeneity of the disease, have shifted attention to treatment modalities with capacity to precisely and sequentially target (i) BBB cells, inducing blood-to-brain transport, and (ii) GBM cells, leading to a higher therapeutic accumulation at the tumor site. This sequential targeting allows therapeutic molecules to reach the brain parenchyma and compromise molecular processes that support tumor cell invasion. Besides improving formulation and pharmacokinetics constraints of drugs, nanomedicines offer the possibility of being surface functionalized with multiple possibilities of targeting ligands, while delivering the desired therapeutic cargos to the biological sites of interest. Targeting ligands exploit the site-specific expression or overexpression of specific molecules on BBB and GBM cells, triggering brain plus tumor transport. Since the efficacy of single-ligand functionalized nanomedicines is limited due to the GBM anatomical site (brain) and disease complexity, this review presents an overview of multi-ligand functionalized, BBB and GBM sequentially- and dual-targeted nanomedicines reported in literature over the last 10 years. The role of the BBB in GBM progression, treatment options, and the multiple possibilities of currently available targeting ligands will be summarized. This article is categorized under: Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Martins
- I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruno Sarmento
- I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IUCS-CESPU, Gandra, Portugal
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10
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Theodorou IG, Mpekris F, Papagiorgis P, Panagi M, Kalli M, Potamiti L, Kyriacou K, Itskos G, Stylianopoulos T. Gold Nanobipyramids for Near-Infrared Fluorescence-Enhanced Imaging and Treatment of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3693. [PMID: 37509354 PMCID: PMC10378199 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15143693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an imminent need for novel strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of aggressive triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Cell-targeted multifunctional nanomaterials hold great potential, as they can combine precise early-stage diagnosis with local therapeutic delivery to specific cell types. In this study, we used mesoporous silica (MS)-coated gold nanobipyramids (MS-AuNBPs) for fluorescence imaging in the near-infrared (NIR) biological window, along with targeted TNBC treatment. Our MS-AuNBPs, acting partly as light amplification components, allow considerable metal-enhanced fluorescence for a NIR dye conjugated to their surfaces compared to the free dye. Fluorescence analysis confirms a significant increase in the dye's modified quantum yield, indicating that MS-AuNBPs can considerably increase the brightness of low-quantum-yield NIR dyes. Meanwhile, we tested the chemotherapeutic efficacy of MS-AuNBPs in TNBC following the loading of doxorubicin within the MS pores and functionalization to target folate receptor alpha (FRα)-positive cells. We show that functionalized particles target FRα-positive cells with significant specificity and have a higher potency than free doxorubicin. Finally, we demonstrate that FRα-targeted particles induce stronger antitumor effects and prolong overall survival compared to the clinically applied non-targeted nanotherapy, Doxil. Together with their excellent biocompatibility measured in vitro, this study shows that MS-AuNBPs are promising tools to detect and treat TNBCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis G Theodorou
- Cancer Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia 1678, Cyprus
| | - Fotios Mpekris
- Cancer Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia 1678, Cyprus
| | - Paris Papagiorgis
- Experimental Condensed Matter Physics Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cyprus, Nicosia 1678, Cyprus
| | - Myrofora Panagi
- Cancer Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia 1678, Cyprus
| | - Maria Kalli
- Cancer Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia 1678, Cyprus
| | - Louiza Potamiti
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics and Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus
| | - Kyriacos Kyriacou
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics and Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus
| | - Grigorios Itskos
- Experimental Condensed Matter Physics Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cyprus, Nicosia 1678, Cyprus
| | - Triantafyllos Stylianopoulos
- Cancer Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia 1678, Cyprus
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11
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Moleirinho S, Kitamura Y, Borges PSGN, Auduong S, Kilic S, Deng D, Kanaya N, Kozono D, Zhou J, Gray JJ, Revai-Lechtich E, Zhu Y, Shah K. Fate and Efficacy of Engineered Allogeneic Stem Cells Targeting Cell Death and Proliferation Pathways in Primary and Brain Metastatic Lung Cancer. Stem Cells Transl Med 2023; 12:444-458. [PMID: 37311043 PMCID: PMC10346421 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szad033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary and metastatic lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related death and novel therapies are urgently needed. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and death receptor (DR) 4/5 are both highly expressed in primary and metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, targeting these receptors individually has demonstrated limited therapeutic benefit in patients. In this study, we created and characterized diagnostic and therapeutic stem cells (SC), expressing EGFR-targeted nanobody (EV) fused to the extracellular domain of death DR4/5 ligand (DRL) (EVDRL) that simultaneously targets EGFR and DR4/5, in primary and metastatic NSCLC tumor models. We show that EVDRL targets both cell surface receptors, and induces caspase-mediated apoptosis in a broad spectrum of NSCLC cell lines. Utilizing real-time dual imaging and correlative immunohistochemistry, we show that allogeneic SCs home to tumors and when engineered to express EVDRL, alleviate tumor burden and significantly increase survival in primary and brain metastatic NSCLC. This study reports mechanistic insights into simultaneous targeting of EGFR- and DR4/5 in lung tumors and presents a promising approach for translation into the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Moleirinho
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Immunotherapy (CSTI), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yohei Kitamura
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Immunotherapy (CSTI), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paulo S G N Borges
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Immunotherapy (CSTI), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sophia Auduong
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Immunotherapy (CSTI), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Seyda Kilic
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Immunotherapy (CSTI), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David Deng
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Immunotherapy (CSTI), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nobuhiko Kanaya
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Immunotherapy (CSTI), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David Kozono
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MA, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Gray
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MA, USA
| | - Esther Revai-Lechtich
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Immunotherapy (CSTI), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yanni Zhu
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Immunotherapy (CSTI), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Khalid Shah
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Immunotherapy (CSTI), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
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12
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Fontaine SD, Carreras CW, Reid RR, Ashley GW, Santi DV. A Very Long-acting Exatecan and Its Synergism with DNA Damage Response Inhibitors. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 3:908-916. [PMID: 37377899 PMCID: PMC10208276 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-22-0517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Exatecan (Exa) is a very potent inhibitor of topoisomerase I and anticancer agent. It has been intensively studied as a single agent, a large macromolecular conjugate and as the payload component of antigen-dependent antibody-drug conjugates. The current work describes an antigen-independent conjugate of Exa with polyethylene glycol (PEG) that slowly releases free Exa. Exa was conjugated to a 4-arm 40 kDa PEG through a β-eliminative cleavable linker. Pharmacokinetic studies in mice showed that the conjugate has an apparent circulating half-life of 12 hours, which reflects a composite of both the rate of renal elimination (half-life ∼18 hours) and release of Exa (half-life ∼40 hours). Remarkably, a single low dose of 10 μmol/kg PEG-Exa-only approximately 0.2 μmol/mouse-caused complete suppression of tumor growth of BRCA1-deficient MX-1 xenografts lasting over 40 days. A single low dose of 2.5 μmol/kg PEG-Exa administered with low but efficacious doses of the PARP inhibitor talazoparib showed strong synergy and caused significant tumor regression. Furthermore, the same low, single dose of PEG-Exa administered with the ATR inhibitor VX970 at doses of the DNA damage response inhibitor that do not affect tumor growth show high tumor regression, strong synergy, and synthetic lethality. Significance A circulating conjugate that slowly releases Exa is described. It is efficacious after a single dose and synergistic with ATR and PARP inhibitors.
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13
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Olajubutu O, Ogundipe OD, Adebayo A, Adesina SK. Drug Delivery Strategies for the Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051318. [PMID: 37242560 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is fast becoming a global menace and it is projected to be the second leading cause of cancer-related death by 2030. Pancreatic adenocarcinomas, which develop in the pancreas' exocrine region, are the predominant type of pancreatic cancer, representing about 95% of total pancreatic tumors. The malignancy progresses asymptomatically, making early diagnosis difficult. It is characterized by excessive production of fibrotic stroma known as desmoplasia, which aids tumor growth and metastatic spread by remodeling the extracellular matrix and releasing tumor growth factors. For decades, immense efforts have been harnessed toward developing more effective drug delivery systems for pancreatic cancer treatment leveraging nanotechnology, immunotherapy, drug conjugates, and combinations of these approaches. However, despite the reported preclinical success of these approaches, no substantial progress has been made clinically and the prognosis for pancreatic cancer is worsening. This review provides insights into challenges associated with the delivery of therapeutics for pancreatic cancer treatment and discusses drug delivery strategies to minimize adverse effects associated with current chemotherapy options and to improve the efficiency of drug treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Omotola D Ogundipe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA
| | - Amusa Adebayo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA
| | - Simeon K Adesina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA
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14
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El Yousfi R, Brahmi M, Dalli M, Achalhi N, Azougagh O, Tahani A, Touzani R, El Idrissi A. Recent Advances in Nanoparticle Development for Drug Delivery: A Comprehensive Review of Polycaprolactone-Based Multi-Arm Architectures. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15081835. [PMID: 37111982 PMCID: PMC10142392 DOI: 10.3390/polym15081835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Controlled drug delivery is a crucial area of study for improving the targeted availability of drugs; several polymer systems have been applied for the formulation of drug delivery vehicles, including linear amphiphilic block copolymers, but with some limitations manifested in their ability to form only nanoaggregates such as polymersomes or vesicles within a narrow range of hydrophobic/hydrophilic balance, which can be problematic. For this, multi-arm architecture has emerged as an efficient alternative that overcame these challenges, with many interesting advantages such as reducing critical micellar concentrations, producing smaller particles, allowing for various functional compositions, and ensuring prolonged and continuous drug release. This review focuses on examining the key variables that influence the customization of multi-arm architecture assemblies based on polycaprolactone and their impact on drug loading and delivery. Specifically, this study focuses on the investigation of the structure-property relationships in these formulations, including the thermal properties presented by this architecture. Furthermore, this work will emphasize the importance of the type of architecture, chain topology, self-assembly parameters, and comparison between multi-arm structures and linear counterparts in relation to their impact on their performance as nanocarriers. By understanding these relationships, more effective multi-arm polymers can be designed with appropriate characteristics for their intended applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ridouan El Yousfi
- Laboratory Applied Chemistry and Environmental (LCAE-URAC18), Faculty of Sciences of Oujda, University Mohamed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Brahmi
- Physical Chemistry of Natural Substances and Process Team, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry and Environment (LCAE-CPSUNAP), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohamed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Dalli
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Mohamed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Nafea Achalhi
- Laboratory Applied Chemistry and Environmental (LCAE-URAC18), Faculty of Sciences of Oujda, University Mohamed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Omar Azougagh
- Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Environment (LMCME), Department of Chemistry, Faculty Multidisciplinary Nador, University Mohamed Premier, P. B. 300, Nador 62700, Morocco
| | - Abdesselam Tahani
- Physical Chemistry of Natural Substances and Process Team, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry and Environment (LCAE-CPSUNAP), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohamed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Rachid Touzani
- Laboratory Applied Chemistry and Environmental (LCAE-URAC18), Faculty of Sciences of Oujda, University Mohamed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Abderrahmane El Idrissi
- Laboratory Applied Chemistry and Environmental (LCAE-URAC18), Faculty of Sciences of Oujda, University Mohamed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco
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15
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Yin L, Li H, Shi L, Chen K, Pan H, Han W. Research advances in nanomedicine applied to the systemic treatment of colorectal cancer. Int J Cancer 2023; 152:807-821. [PMID: 35984398 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The systematic treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) still has room for improvement. The efficacy of chemotherapy, that of anti-vascular therapy, and that of immunotherapy have been unsatisfactory. In recent years, nanomaterials have been used as carriers to improve the bioavailability of anticancer drugs. For the treatment of colorectal cancer, nanodrugs increase the possibility of more precise targeted delivery. However, the actual benefits may cover more aspects. Nanocarriers can produce synergistic effects with anticancer drugs, including the scavenging of reactive oxygen species and co-delivery of a variety of drugs. Currently, immunotherapy has very limited clinical applications in CRC. Modified nanocarriers can activate the immune microenvironment, which can be used for staging antigen recognition or the immune response. Cancer vaccines based on nanomaterials and modified immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown therapeutic potential in animal models. Considering the direct or indirect relationship between the intestinal microflora and CRC, a variety of nanodrugs that regulate microbial function have been explored as an anticancer strategy, and the special structure of microorganisms can also be used as a basis for improving the delivery of traditional nanoparticles (NPs). This review summarizes recent research performed on nanocarriers in in vivo and in vitro models and the synergistic anticancer effects of nanocarriers, focusing on the interaction between NPs and the body, resulting in enhanced efficacy and immune activation. Furthermore, this review describes the current trend of NPs used in the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luxi Yin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haozhe Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Linlin Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Keda Chen
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongming Pan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weidong Han
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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16
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Moradi Kashkooli F, Jakhmola A, Hornsby TK, Tavakkoli JJ, Kolios MC. Ultrasound-mediated nano drug delivery for treating cancer: Fundamental physics to future directions. J Control Release 2023; 355:552-578. [PMID: 36773959 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
The application of biocompatible nanocarriers in medicine has provided several benefits over conventional treatment methods. However, achieving high treatment efficacy and deep penetration of nanocarriers in tumor tissue is still challenging. To address this, stimuli-responsive nano-sized drug delivery systems (DDSs) are an active area of investigation in delivering anticancer drugs. While ultrasound is mainly used for diagnostic purposes, it can also be applied to affect cellular function and the delivery/release of anticancer drugs. Therapeutic ultrasound (TUS) has shown potential as both a stand-alone anticancer treatment and a method to induce targeted drug release from nanocarrier systems. TUS approaches have been used to overcome various physiological obstacles, including endothelial barriers, the tumor microenvironment (TME), and immunological hurdles. Combining nanomedicine and ultrasound as a smart DDS can increase in situ drug delivery and improve access to impermeable tissues. Furthermore, smart DDSs can perform targeted drug release in response to distinctive TMEs, external triggers, or dual/multi-stimulus. This results in enhanced treatment efficacy and reduced damage to surrounding healthy tissue or organs at risk. Integrating DDSs and ultrasound is still in its early stages. More research and clinical trials are required to fully understand ultrasound's underlying physical mechanisms and interactions with various types of nanocarriers and different types of cells and tissues. In the present review, ultrasound-mediated nano-sized DDS, specifically focused on cancer treatment, is presented and discussed. Ultrasound interaction with nanoparticles (NPs), drug release mechanisms, and various types of ultrasound-sensitive NPs are examined. Additionally, in vitro, in vivo, and clinical applications of TUS are reviewed in light of the critical challenges that need to be considered to advance TUS toward an efficient, secure, straightforward, and accessible cancer treatment. This study also presents effective TUS parameters and safety considerations for this treatment modality and gives recommendations about system design and operation. Finally, future perspectives are considered, and different TUS approaches are examined and discussed in detail. This review investigates drug release and delivery through ultrasound-mediated nano-sized cancer treatment, both pre-clinically and clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anshuman Jakhmola
- Department of Physics, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tyler K Hornsby
- Department of Physics, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jahangir Jahan Tavakkoli
- Department of Physics, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael C Kolios
- Department of Physics, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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17
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Khan RU, Shao J, Liao JY, Qian L. pH-triggered cancer-targeting polymers: From extracellular accumulation to intracellular release. NANO RESEARCH 2023; 16:5155-5168. [PMID: 36618069 PMCID: PMC9807988 DOI: 10.1007/s12274-022-5252-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive polymers are promising to achieve targeted delivery, improved stability during circulation, and controlled release of therapeutic and diagnostic agents. Among them, pH-responsive polymeric nanocarriers have attracted significant attention as pH varies in different body fluids (e.g., stomach, intestine, and colon) and intracellular organelles (e.g., endosome, lysosome, and mitochondria) to maintain homeostasis, while distinctive pH changes are also found in certain pathological states. For example, the extracellular environment of the tumor is acidic, which can be employed to drive selective delivery. During the internalization process, since most nanocarriers enter cells upon endocytosis where a drop of pH from 6.5 to 5.0 can occur from endosome to lysosome, pH-sensitive groups have been developed for enhanced cargo release. In this review, both non-covalent and covalent interactions responsive to pH changes are introduced, with a focus on the structure-property relationship and their applications in cancer targeting and endosomal escape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwan Ullah Khan
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cancer Center & Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 China
| | - Jinning Shao
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cancer Center & Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 China
| | - Jia-Yu Liao
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cancer Center & Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 China
| | - Linghui Qian
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cancer Center & Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 China
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18
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Wu F, Chen PM, Gardinier TC, Turker MZ, Venkatesan AM, Patel V, Khor T, Bradbury MS, Wiesner UB, Adams GP, Germano G, Chen F, Ma K. Ultrasmall Folate Receptor Alpha Targeted Enzymatically Cleavable Silica Nanoparticle Drug Conjugates Augment Penetration and Therapeutic Efficacy in Models of Cancer. ACS NANO 2022; 16:20021-20033. [PMID: 36264003 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c05342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
To address the key challenges in the development of next-generation drug delivery systems (DDS) with desired physicochemical properties to overcome limitations regarding safety, in vivo efficacy, and solid tumor penetration, an ultrasmall folate receptor alpha (FRα) targeted silica nanoparticle (C'Dot) drug conjugate (CDC; or folic acid CDC) was developed. A broad array of methods was employed to screen a panel of CDCs and identify a lead folic acid CDC for clinical development. These included comparing the performance against antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) in three-dimensional tumor spheroid penetration ability, assessing in vitro/ex vivo cytotoxic efficacy, as well as in vivo therapeutic outcome in multiple cell-line-derived and patient-derived xenograft models. An ultrasmall folic acid CDC, EC112002, was identified as the lead candidate out of >500 folic acid CDC formulations evaluated. Systematic studies demonstrated that the lead formulation, EC112002, exhibited highly specific FRα targeting, multivalent binding properties that would mediate the ability to outcompete endogenous folate in vivo, enzymatic responsive payload cleavage, stability in human plasma, rapid in vivo clearance, and minimal normal organ retention organ distribution in non-tumor-bearing mice. When compared with an anti-FRα-DM4 ADC, EC112002 demonstrated deeper penetration into 3D cell-line-derived tumor spheroids and superior specific cytotoxicity in a panel of 3D patient-derived tumor spheroids, as well as enhanced efficacy in cell-line-derived and patient-derived in vivo tumor xenograft models expressing a range of low to high levels of FRα. With the growing interest in developing clinically translatable, safe, and efficacious DDSs, EC112002 has the potential to address some of the critical limitations of the current systemic drug delivery for cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wu
- Elucida Oncology Inc., Monmouth Junction, New Jersey 08852, United States
| | - Pei-Ming Chen
- Elucida Oncology Inc., Monmouth Junction, New Jersey 08852, United States
| | - Thomas C Gardinier
- Elucida Oncology Inc., Monmouth Junction, New Jersey 08852, United States
| | - Melik Z Turker
- Elucida Oncology Inc., Monmouth Junction, New Jersey 08852, United States
| | | | - Vaibhav Patel
- Elucida Oncology Inc., Monmouth Junction, New Jersey 08852, United States
| | - Tin Khor
- Elucida Oncology Inc., Monmouth Junction, New Jersey 08852, United States
| | - Michelle S Bradbury
- Department of Radiology, Sloan Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, New York 10065, United States
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Ulrich B Wiesner
- Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
- Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Gregory P Adams
- Elucida Oncology Inc., Monmouth Junction, New Jersey 08852, United States
| | - Geno Germano
- Elucida Oncology Inc., Monmouth Junction, New Jersey 08852, United States
| | - Feng Chen
- Elucida Oncology Inc., Monmouth Junction, New Jersey 08852, United States
| | - Kai Ma
- Elucida Oncology Inc., Monmouth Junction, New Jersey 08852, United States
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19
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Hong J, Yoon S, Choi Y, Chu EA, Sik Jin K, Lee HY, Choi J. Rational Design of Nanoliposomes by Tuning their Bilayer Rigidity for the Controlled Release of Oxygen. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.121003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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20
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Application of Plant Polysaccharide Nanoparticles as Polymeric Carrier Materials for the Construction of Medicine Carriers. J CLUST SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-022-02393-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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21
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Meher N, Ashley GW, Bidkar AP, Dhrona S, Fong C, Fontaine SD, Beckford Vera DR, Wilson DM, Seo Y, Santi DV, VanBrocklin HF, Flavell RR. Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Targeted Deep Tumor Penetration of Polymer Nanocarriers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:50569-50582. [PMID: 36318757 PMCID: PMC9673064 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c15095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Tumoral uptake of large-size nanoparticles is mediated by the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, with variable accumulation and heterogenous tumor tissue penetration depending on the tumor phenotype. The performance of nanocarriers via specific targeting has the potential to improve imaging contrast and therapeutic efficacy in vivo with increased deep tissue penetration. To address this hypothesis, we designed and synthesized prostate cancer-targeting starPEG nanocarriers (40 kDa, 15 nm), [89Zr]PEG-(DFB)3(ACUPA)1 and [89Zr]PEG-(DFB)1(ACUPA)3, with one or three prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeting ACUPA ligands. The in vitro PSMA binding affinity and in vivo pharmacokinetics of the targeted nanocarriers were compared with a nontargeted starPEG, [89Zr]PEG-(DFB)4, in PSMA+ PC3-Pip and PSMA- PC3-Flu cells, and xenografts. Increasing the number of ACUPA ligands improved the in vitro binding affinity of PEG-derived polymers to PC3-Pip cells. While both PSMA-targeted nanocarriers significantly improved tissue penetration in PC3-Pip tumors, the multivalent [89Zr]PEG-(DFB)1(ACUPA)3 showed a remarkably higher PC3-Pip/blood ratio and background clearance. In contrast, the nontargeted [89Zr]PEG-(DFB)4 showed low EPR-mediated accumulation with poor tumor tissue penetration. Overall, ACUPA conjugated targeted starPEGs significantly improve tumor retention with deep tumor tissue penetration in low EPR PC3-Pip xenografts. These data suggest that PSMA targeting with multivalent ACUPA ligands may be a generally applicable strategy to increase nanocarrier delivery to prostate cancer. These targeted multivalent nanocarriers with high tumor binding and low healthy tissue retention could be employed in imaging and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niranjan Meher
- Department
of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Gary W. Ashley
- ProLynx
Inc., San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Anil P. Bidkar
- Department
of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Suchi Dhrona
- Department
of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Cyril Fong
- Department
of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | | | - Denis R. Beckford Vera
- Department
of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - David M. Wilson
- Department
of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
- Helen
Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143-0981, United States
| | - Youngho Seo
- Department
of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
- Helen
Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143-0981, United States
| | - Daniel V. Santi
- ProLynx
Inc., San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Henry F. VanBrocklin
- Department
of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
- Helen
Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143-0981, United States
| | - Robert R. Flavell
- Department
of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
- Helen
Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143-0981, United States
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University
of California, San Francisco, California 94158-2517, United States
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22
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Development and In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of an Antineoplastic Copper(II) Compound (Casiopeina III-ia) Loaded in Nonionic Vesicles Using Quality by Design. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232112756. [PMID: 36361549 PMCID: PMC9655312 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, the interest in metallodrugs as therapeutic agents has increased. Casiopeinas are copper-based compounds that have been evaluated in several tumor cell lines. Currently, casiopeina III-ia (CasIII-ia) is being evaluated in phase I clinical trials. The aim of the present work is to develop a niosome formulation containing CasIII-ia for intravenous administration through a quality-by-design (QbD) approach. Risk analysis was performed to identify the factors that may have an impact on CasIII-ia encapsulation. The developed nanoformulation optimized from the experimental design was characterized by spectroscopy, thermal analysis, and electronic microscopy. In vitro drug release showed a burst effect followed by a diffusion-dependent process. The niosomes showed physical stability for at least three months at 37 °C and 75% relative humidity. The in vitro test showed activity of the encapsulated CasIII-ia on a metastatic breast cancer cell line and the in vivo test of nanoencapsulated CasIII-ia maintained the activity of the free compound, but showed a diminished toxicity. Therefore, the optimal conditions obtained by QbD may improve the scaling-up process.
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23
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Rehman U, Parveen N, Sheikh A, Abourehab MAS, Sahebkar A, Kesharwani P. Polymeric nanoparticles-siRNA as an emerging nano-polyplexes against ovarian cancer. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 218:112766. [PMID: 35994990 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is considered fifth-deadliest cancer globally responsible for high mortality in women. As the conventional therapeutic and diagnostic approaches are ineffective in increasing the survival rates of advanced staged patients by more than 5 years, OC has resulted in high morbidity and mortality rates over the last two decades. As a result, there is a dire need for innovative treatment approaches to address the issues. RNAi and nanotechnology can be considered the most appropriate strategies that can be used to improve OC therapy and help circumvent the chemo-resistance. siRNA is considered highly successful in facilitating the knockdown of specific genes on entering the cytosol when administered in-vivo via inhibiting the mRNA expression responsible for translation of those specific genes through the mechanism called RNA interference (RNAi). However, the primary barrier of utmost importance in the clinical efficacy of employed siRNA for the treatment of OC is the systemic distribution to the targeted site from the administration site. As a result, nanoparticles are constructed to carry the siRNA molecules inside them to the targeted site by preventing serum degradation and enhancing the serum stability of administered siRNA. The present review assesses the developments made in the polymeric-based nanoparticle siRNA delivery for targeting particular genes involved in the prognosis of ovarian cancers and surpassing the chemo-resistance and thus improving the therapeutic potentials of administered agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urushi Rehman
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Neha Parveen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Afsana Sheikh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Mohammed A S Abourehab
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
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24
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Redox-responsive carrier based on fluorinated gemini amphiphilic polymer for combinational cancer therapy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 216:112551. [PMID: 35567807 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Polymeric micelle has emerged as an efficient implement to overcome the shortcomings of conventional cancer chemotherapy due to its superior solubility of hydrophobic drugs and less side effects of drugs. However, insufficient dilution resistance and ordinary therapeutic effect severely restrict the further translation of current drug-loaded polymeric micelles. Here, we showed that well-defined G-Fn (n = 5, 9, 13) polymeric micelles possessed excellent capabilities as a drug carrier in light of high drug loading content, high stability and precise drug release combined with wonderful endocytosis efficiency to tumors. The representative G-F13 exhibited an excellent dilution resistance, outstanding high drug loading content (22 wt%) and drug loading efficiency (82%), which might be attributed to the extremely low critical micelle concentration conferred by its special Gemini structure and the superhydrophobicity of the fluorocarbon chain. Furthermore, the "cross-linked" internal fluoride membrane consisted of the two chains of the Gemini structure made G-F13 stable even after 24 h of incubation in 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS). The camptothecin (CPT) release was selectively triggered by glutathione (GSH) and H2O2, reaching 75% and 85% after 24 h respectively, in which only 15% of drugs leak under physiological conditions. The CCK-8 assays of Hela cells showed that CPT-loaded G-F13 micelles had high cell compatibility (200 μg/mL, 93% cell viability, 48 h) and high cancer cytotoxicity (IC50 0.1 μg/mL). Notably, a tenfold lower dosage of loaded CPT had an higher tumor growth inhibition than the free CPT. This result was attributed to the combined treatment of fluorinated drug carriers were more likely to penetrate the cell membrane to enter tumor cells, the cytotoxicity of selenic acid generated after the oxidation of G-F13 and the large amounts of CPT after redox release. Excellent physical and chemical properties as well as good therapeutic effects reveal that G-F13 can act as a promising drug carrier to widely use in cancer chemotherapy.
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25
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Bloise N, Strada S, Dacarro G, Visai L. Gold Nanoparticles Contact with Cancer Cell: A Brief Update. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147683. [PMID: 35887030 PMCID: PMC9325171 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The fine-tuning of the physicochemical properties of gold nanoparticles has facilitated the rapid development of multifunctional gold-based nanomaterials with diagnostic, therapeutic, and therapeutic applications. Work on gold nanoparticles is increasingly focusing on their cancer application. This review provides a summary of the main biological effects exerted by gold nanoparticles on cancer cells and highlights some critical factors involved in the interaction process (protein corona, tumor microenvironment, surface functionalization). The review also contains a brief discussion of the application of gold nanoparticles in target discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Bloise
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Centre for Health Technologies (CHT), INSTM UdR of Pavia, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.S.); (L.V.)
- Medicina Clinica-Specialistica, UOR5 Laboratorio di Nanotecnologie, ICS Maugeri, IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Silvia Strada
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Centre for Health Technologies (CHT), INSTM UdR of Pavia, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.S.); (L.V.)
| | - Giacomo Dacarro
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Livia Visai
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Centre for Health Technologies (CHT), INSTM UdR of Pavia, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.S.); (L.V.)
- Medicina Clinica-Specialistica, UOR5 Laboratorio di Nanotecnologie, ICS Maugeri, IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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26
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Kolitsi LI, Yiantsios SG. On mixing rules for the hydraulic permeability of fiber mixtures. AIChE J 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.17784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lydia I. Kolitsi
- Department of Chemical Engineering Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Univ. Box 453 Thessaloniki Greece
| | - Stergios G. Yiantsios
- Department of Chemical Engineering Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Univ. Box 453 Thessaloniki Greece
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27
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Kashkooli FM, Rezaeian M, Soltani M. Drug delivery through nanoparticles in solid tumors: a mechanistic understanding. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2022; 17:695-716. [PMID: 35451315 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2021-0126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: In this study, the main goal was to apply a multi-scale computational model in evaluating nano-sized drug-delivery systems, following extracellular drug release, into solid tumors in order to predict treatment efficacy. Methods: The impact of several parameters related to tumor (size, shape, vessel-wall pore size, and necrotic core size) and therapeutic agents (size of nanoparticles, binding affinity of drug, drug release rate from nanoparticles) are examined in detail. Results: This study illustrates that achieving a higher treatment efficacy requires smaller nanoparticles (NPs) or a low binding affinity and drug release rate. Long-term analysis finds that a slow release rate in extracellular space does not always improve treatment efficacy compared with a rapid release rate; NP size as well as binding affinity of drug are also highly influential. Conclusions: The presented methodology can be used as a step forward towards optimization of patient-specific nanomedicine plans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohsen Rezaeian
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Soltani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada.,Centre for Biotechnology & Bioengineering (CBB), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada.,Advanced Bioengineering Initiative Center, Computational Medicine Center, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
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28
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Mills JA, Liu F, Jarrett TR, Fletcher NL, Thurecht KJ. Nanoparticle based medicines: approaches for evading and manipulating the mononuclear phagocyte system and potential for clinical translation. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:3029-3053. [PMID: 35419582 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm00181k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
For decades, nanomedicines have been reported as a potential means to overcome the limitations of conventional drug delivery systems by reducing side effects, toxicity and the non-ideal pharmacokinetic behaviour typically exhibited by small molecule drugs. However, upon administration many nanoparticles prompt induction of host inflammatory responses due to recognition and uptake by macrophages, eliminating up to 95% of the administered dose. While significant advances in nanoparticle engineering and consequent therapeutic efficacy have been made, it is becoming clear that nanoparticle recognition by the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) poses an impassable junction in the current framework of nanoparticle development. Hence, this has negative consequences on the clinical translation of nanotechnology with respect to therapeutic efficacy, systemic toxicity and economic benefit. In order to improve the translation of nanomedicines from bench-to-bedside, there is a requirement to either modify nanomedicines in terms of how they interact with intrinsic processes in the body, or modulate the body to be more accommodating for nanomedicine treatments. Here we provide an overview of the current standard for design elements of nanoparticles, as well as factors to consider when producing nanomedicines that have minimal MPS-nanoparticle interactions; we explore this landscape across the cellular to tissue and organ levels. Further, rather than designing materials to suit the body, a growing research niche involves modulating biological responses to administered nanomaterials. We here discuss how developing strategic methods of MPS 'pre-conditioning' with small molecule or biological drugs, as well as implementing strategic dosing regimens, such as 'decoy' nanoparticles, is essential to increasing nanoparticle therapeutic efficacy. By adopting such a perspective, we hope to highlight the increasing trends in research dedicated to improving nanomedicine translation, and subsequently making a positive clinical impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Mills
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia. .,Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Australia
| | - Feifei Liu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia. .,Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Australia.,ARC Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology, Australia
| | - Thomas R Jarrett
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia. .,Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Australia.,ARC Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology, Australia
| | - Nicholas L Fletcher
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia. .,Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Australia
| | - Kristofer J Thurecht
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia. .,Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Australia.,ARC Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology, Australia
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29
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Mpekris F, Voutouri C, Panagi M, Baish JW, Jain RK, Stylianopoulos T. Normalizing tumor microenvironment with nanomedicine and metronomic therapy to improve immunotherapy. J Control Release 2022; 345:190-199. [PMID: 35271911 PMCID: PMC9168447 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Nanomedicine offered hope for improving the treatment of cancer but the survival benefits of the clinically approved nanomedicines are modest in many cases when compared to conventional chemotherapy. Metronomic therapy, defined as the frequent, low dose administration of chemotherapeutics – is being tested in clinical trials as an alternative to the conventional maximum tolerated dose (MTD) chemotherapy schedule. Although metronomic chemotherapy has not been clinically approved yet, it has shown better survival than MTD in many preclinical studies. When beneficial, metronomic therapy seems to be associated with normalization of the tumor microenvironment including improvements in tumor perfusion, tissue oxygenation and drug delivery as well as activation of the immune system. Recent preclinical studies suggest that nanomedicines can cause similar changes in the tumor microenvironment. Here, by employing a mathematical framework, we show that both approaches can serve as normalization strategies to enhance treatment. Furthermore, employing murine breast and fibrosarcoma tumor models as well as ultrasound shear wave elastography and contrast-enhanced ultrasound, we provide evidence that the approved nanomedicine Doxil can induce normalization in a dose-dependent manner by improving tumor perfusion as a result of tissue softening. Finally, we show that pretreatment with a normalizing dose of Doxil can improve the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fotios Mpekris
- Cancer Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Chrysovalantis Voutouri
- Cancer Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus; Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Myrofora Panagi
- Cancer Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - James W Baish
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, PA, USA
| | - Rakesh K Jain
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Triantafyllos Stylianopoulos
- Cancer Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.
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30
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Liu H, Pietersz G, Peter K, Wang X. Nanobiotechnology approaches for cardiovascular diseases: site-specific targeting of drugs and nanoparticles for atherothrombosis. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:75. [PMID: 35135581 PMCID: PMC8822797 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01279-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis and atherothrombosis, the major contributors to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), represent the leading cause of death worldwide. Current pharmacological therapies have been associated with side effects or are insufficient at halting atherosclerotic progression effectively. Pioneering work harnessing the passive diffusion or endocytosis properties of nanoparticles and advanced biotechnologies in creating recombinant proteins for site-specific delivery have been utilized to overcome these limitations. Since CVDs are complex diseases, the most challenging aspect of developing site-specific therapies is the identification of an individual and unique antigenic epitope that is only expressed in lesions or diseased areas. This review focuses on the pathological mechanism of atherothrombosis and discusses the unique targets that are important during disease progression. We review recent advances in site-specific therapy using novel targeted drug-delivery and nanoparticle-carrier systems. Furthermore, we explore the limitations and future perspectives of site-specific therapy for CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haikun Liu
- Molecular Imaging and Theranostics Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Geoffrey Pietersz
- Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Karlheinz Peter
- Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Molecular Imaging and Theranostics Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia. .,Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. .,Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia. .,Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. .,La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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31
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Gabano E, Ferraris C, Osella D, Battaglia LS, Ravera M. Formulations of highly antiproliferative hydrophobic Pt(IV) complexes into lipidic nanoemulsions as delivery vehicles. Inorganica Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2022.120859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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32
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Souri M, Soltani M, Moradi Kashkooli F, Kiani Shahvandi M, Chiani M, Shariati FS, Mehrabi MR, Munn LL. Towards principled design of cancer nanomedicine to accelerate clinical translation. Mater Today Bio 2022; 13:100208. [PMID: 35198957 PMCID: PMC8841842 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology in medical applications, especially in oncology as drug delivery systems, has recently shown promising results. However, although these advances have been promising in the pre-clinical stages, the clinical translation of this technology is challenging. To create drug delivery systems with increased treatment efficacy for clinical translation, the physicochemical characteristics of nanoparticles such as size, shape, elasticity (flexibility/rigidity), surface chemistry, and surface charge can be specified to optimize efficiency for a given application. Consequently, interdisciplinary researchers have focused on producing biocompatible materials, production technologies, or new formulations for efficient loading, and high stability. The effects of design parameters can be studied in vitro, in vivo, or using computational models, with the goal of understanding how they affect nanoparticle biophysics and their interactions with cells. The present review summarizes the advances and technologies in the production and design of cancer nanomedicines to achieve clinical translation and commercialization. We also highlight existing challenges and opportunities in the field.
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Key Words
- CFL, Cell-free layer
- CGMD, Coarse-grained molecular dynamic
- Clinical translation
- DPD, Dissipative particle dynamic
- Drug delivery
- Drug loading
- ECM, Extracellular matrix
- EPR, Permeability and retention
- IFP, Interstitial fluid pressure
- MD, Molecular dynamic
- MDR, Multidrug resistance
- MEC, Minimum effective concentration
- MMPs, Matrix metalloproteinases
- MPS, Mononuclear phagocyte system
- MTA, Multi-tadpole assemblies
- MTC, Minimum toxic concentration
- Nanomedicine
- Nanoparticle design
- RBC, Red blood cell
- TAF, Tumor-associated fibroblast
- TAM, Tumor-associated macrophage
- TIMPs, Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases
- TME, Tumor microenvironment
- Tumor microenvironment
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Souri
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - M. Soltani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, ON, Canada
- Centre for Biotechnology and Bioengineering (CBB), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
- Advanced Bioengineering Initiative Center, Computational Medicine Center, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Mohsen Chiani
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Lance L. Munn
- Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
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33
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Paluszkiewicz P, Martuszewski A, Zaręba N, Wala K, Banasik M, Kepinska M. The Application of Nanoparticles in Diagnosis and Treatment of Kidney Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010131. [PMID: 35008556 PMCID: PMC8745391 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanomedicine is currently showing great promise for new methods of diagnosing and treating many diseases, particularly in kidney disease and transplantation. The unique properties of nanoparticles arise from the diversity of size effects, used to design targeted nanoparticles for specific cells or tissues, taking renal clearance and tubular secretion mechanisms into account. The design of surface particles on nanoparticles offers a wide range of possibilities, among which antibodies play an important role. Nanoparticles find applications in encapsulated drug delivery systems containing immunosuppressants and other drugs, in imaging, gene therapies and many other branches of medicine. They have the potential to revolutionize kidney transplantation by reducing and preventing ischemia-reperfusion injury, more efficiently delivering drugs to the graft site while avoiding systemic effects, accurately localizing and visualising the diseased site and enabling continuous monitoring of graft function. So far, there are known nanoparticles with no toxic effects on human tissue, although further studies are still needed to confirm their safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Paluszkiewicz
- Department of Emergency Medical Service, Wroclaw Medical University, Bartla 5, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Adrian Martuszewski
- Department of Population Health, Division of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 7, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Natalia Zaręba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Division of Biomedical and Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Kamila Wala
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Pasteura 1, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Mirosław Banasik
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
- Correspondence: (M.B.); (M.K.); Tel.: +48-71-733-2500 (M.B.); +48-71-784-0171 (M.K.)
| | - Marta Kepinska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Division of Biomedical and Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland;
- Correspondence: (M.B.); (M.K.); Tel.: +48-71-733-2500 (M.B.); +48-71-784-0171 (M.K.)
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34
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Fraser B, Peters AE, Sutherland JM, Liang M, Rebourcet D, Nixon B, Aitken RJ. Biocompatible Nanomaterials as an Emerging Technology in Reproductive Health; a Focus on the Male. Front Physiol 2021; 12:753686. [PMID: 34858208 PMCID: PMC8632065 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.753686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing body of research has confirmed that nanoparticle (NP) systems can enhance delivery of therapeutic and imaging agents as well as prevent potentially damaging systemic exposure to these agents by modifying the kinetics of their release. With a wide choice of NP materials possessing different properties and surface modification options with unique targeting agents, bespoke nanosystems have been developed for applications varying from cancer therapeutics and genetic modification to cell imaging. Although there remain many challenges for the clinical application of nanoparticles, including toxicity within the reproductive system, some of these may be overcome with the recent development of biodegradable nanoparticles that offer increased biocompatibility. In recognition of this potential, this review seeks to present recent NP research with a focus on the exciting possibilities posed by the application of biocompatible nanomaterials within the fields of male reproductive medicine, health, and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Fraser
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Pregnancy and Reproduction Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Alexandra E Peters
- Pregnancy and Reproduction Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Biomedical Science and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Jessie M Sutherland
- Pregnancy and Reproduction Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Biomedical Science and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Mingtao Liang
- Pregnancy and Reproduction Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Biomedical Science and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Diane Rebourcet
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Pregnancy and Reproduction Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Brett Nixon
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Pregnancy and Reproduction Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Robert J Aitken
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Pregnancy and Reproduction Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
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Meher N, Seo K, Wang S, Bidkar AP, Fogarty M, Dhrona S, Huang X, Tang R, Blaha C, Evans MJ, Raleigh DR, Jun YW, VanBrocklin HF, Desai TA, Wilson DM, Ozawa T, Flavell RR. Synthesis and Preliminary Biological Assessment of Carborane-Loaded Theranostic Nanoparticles to Target Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:54739-54752. [PMID: 34752058 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c16383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is an encouraging therapeutic modality for cancer treatment. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a cell membrane protein that is abundantly overexpressed in prostate cancer and can be targeted with radioligand therapies to stimulate clinical responses in patients. In principle, a spatially targeted neutron beam together with specifically targeted PSMA ligands could enable prostate cancer-targeted BNCT. Thus, we developed and tested PSMA-targeted poly(lactide-co-glycolide)-block-poly(ethylene glycol) (PLGA-b-PEG) nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with carborane and tethered to the radiometal chelator deferoxamine B (DFB) for simultaneous positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and selective delivery of boron to prostate cancer. Monomeric PLGA-b-PEGs were covalently functionalized with either DFB or the PSMA ligand ACUPA. Different nanoparticle formulations were generated by nanoemulsification of the corresponding unmodified and DFB- or ACUPA-modified monomers in varying percent fractions. The nanoparticles were efficiently labeled with 89Zr and were subjected to in vitro and in vivo evaluation. The optimized DFB(25)ACUPA(75) NPs exhibited strong in vitro binding to PSMA in direct binding and competition radioligand binding assays in PSMA(+) PC3-Pip cells. [89Zr]DFB(25) NPs and [89Zr]DFB(25)ACUPA(75) NPs were injected to mice with bilateral PSMA(-) PC3-Flu and PSMA(+) PC3-Pip dual xenografts. The NPs demonstrated twofold superior accumulation in PC3-Pip tumors to that of PC3-Flu tumors with a tumor/blood ratio of 25; however, no substantial effect of the ACUPA ligands was detected. Moreover, fast release of carborane from the NPs was observed, resulting in a low boron delivery to tumors in vivo. In summary, these data demonstrate the synthesis, characterization, and initial biological assessment of PSMA-targeted, carborane-loaded PLGA-b-PEG nanoparticles and establish the foundation for future efforts to enable their best use in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niranjan Meher
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Kyounghee Seo
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Sinan Wang
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Anil P Bidkar
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Miko Fogarty
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Suchi Dhrona
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Xiao Huang
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Ryan Tang
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Charles Blaha
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Michael J Evans
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143-0981, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158-2517, United States
| | - David R Raleigh
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Young-Wook Jun
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143-0981, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158-2517, United States
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Henry F VanBrocklin
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143-0981, United States
| | - Tejal A Desai
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - David M Wilson
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143-0981, United States
| | - Tomoko Ozawa
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Robert R Flavell
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143-0981, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158-2517, United States
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Tinajero-Díaz E, Salado-Leza D, Gonzalez C, Martínez Velázquez M, López Z, Bravo-Madrigal J, Knauth P, Flores-Hernández FY, Herrera-Rodríguez SE, Navarro RE, Cabrera-Wrooman A, Krötzsch E, Carvajal ZYG, Hernández-Gutiérrez R. Green Metallic Nanoparticles for Cancer Therapy: Evaluation Models and Cancer Applications. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1719. [PMID: 34684012 PMCID: PMC8537602 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13101719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal-based nanoparticles are widely used to deliver bioactive molecules and drugs to improve cancer therapy. Several research works have highlighted the synthesis of gold and silver nanoparticles by green chemistry, using biological entities to minimize the use of solvents and control their physicochemical and biological properties. Recent advances in evaluating the anticancer effect of green biogenic Au and Ag nanoparticles are mainly focused on the use of conventional 2D cell culture and in vivo murine models that allow determination of the half-maximal inhibitory concentration, a critical parameter to move forward clinical trials. However, the interaction between nanoparticles and the tumor microenvironment is not yet fully understood. Therefore, it is necessary to develop more human-like evaluation models or to improve the existing ones for a better understanding of the molecular bases of cancer. This review provides recent advances in biosynthesized Au and Ag nanoparticles for seven of the most common and relevant cancers and their biological assessment. In addition, it provides a general idea of the in silico, in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo models used for the anticancer evaluation of green biogenic metal-based nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Tinajero-Díaz
- Departament d’Enginyeria Química, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, ETSEIB, Diagonal 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
- Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C., Av. Normalistas 800, Col. Colinas de La Normal, Guadalajara 44270, Mexico; (M.M.V.); (J.B.-M.); (F.Y.F.-H.); (S.E.H.-R.)
| | - Daniela Salado-Leza
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava, Zona Universitaria, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico; (D.S.-L.); (C.G.)
- Cátedras CONACyT, México City 03940, Mexico
| | - Carmen Gonzalez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava, Zona Universitaria, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico; (D.S.-L.); (C.G.)
| | - Moisés Martínez Velázquez
- Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C., Av. Normalistas 800, Col. Colinas de La Normal, Guadalajara 44270, Mexico; (M.M.V.); (J.B.-M.); (F.Y.F.-H.); (S.E.H.-R.)
| | - Zaira López
- Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Cell Biology Laboratory, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Universidad 1115, Ocotlán 47810, Mexico; (Z.L.); (P.K.)
| | - Jorge Bravo-Madrigal
- Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C., Av. Normalistas 800, Col. Colinas de La Normal, Guadalajara 44270, Mexico; (M.M.V.); (J.B.-M.); (F.Y.F.-H.); (S.E.H.-R.)
| | - Peter Knauth
- Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Cell Biology Laboratory, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Universidad 1115, Ocotlán 47810, Mexico; (Z.L.); (P.K.)
| | - Flor Y. Flores-Hernández
- Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C., Av. Normalistas 800, Col. Colinas de La Normal, Guadalajara 44270, Mexico; (M.M.V.); (J.B.-M.); (F.Y.F.-H.); (S.E.H.-R.)
| | - Sara Elisa Herrera-Rodríguez
- Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C., Av. Normalistas 800, Col. Colinas de La Normal, Guadalajara 44270, Mexico; (M.M.V.); (J.B.-M.); (F.Y.F.-H.); (S.E.H.-R.)
| | - Rosa E. Navarro
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, México City 04510, Mexico;
| | - Alejandro Cabrera-Wrooman
- Centro Nacional de Investigación y Atención de Quemados, Laboratory of Connective Tissue, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación “Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra”, México City 14389, Mexico; (A.C.-W.); (E.K.)
| | - Edgar Krötzsch
- Centro Nacional de Investigación y Atención de Quemados, Laboratory of Connective Tissue, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación “Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra”, México City 14389, Mexico; (A.C.-W.); (E.K.)
| | - Zaira Y. García Carvajal
- Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C., Av. Normalistas 800, Col. Colinas de La Normal, Guadalajara 44270, Mexico; (M.M.V.); (J.B.-M.); (F.Y.F.-H.); (S.E.H.-R.)
| | - Rodolfo Hernández-Gutiérrez
- Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C., Av. Normalistas 800, Col. Colinas de La Normal, Guadalajara 44270, Mexico; (M.M.V.); (J.B.-M.); (F.Y.F.-H.); (S.E.H.-R.)
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Soltani M, Souri M, Moradi Kashkooli F. Effects of hypoxia and nanocarrier size on pH-responsive nano-delivery system to solid tumors. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19350. [PMID: 34588504 PMCID: PMC8481507 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98638-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the special features of solid tumors is the acidity of the tumor microenvironment, which is mainly due to the presence of hypoxic regions. Therefore, pH-responsive drug delivery systems have recently been highly welcomed. In the present study, a comprehensive mathematical model is presented based on extravascular drug release paradigm. Accordingly, drug delivery system using pH-responsive nanocarriers is taken into account to examine the impacts of hypoxic regions as well as the size of nanocarriers for cancerous cell-death. The extent of hypoxic regions is controlled by vascular density. This means that regions with very low vascular density represent regions of hypoxia. Using this mathematical model, it is possible to simulate the extracellular and intracellular concentrations of drug by considering the association/disassociation of the free drug to the cell-surface receptors and cellular uptake. Results show that nanocarriers with smaller sizes are more effective due to higher accumulation in the tumor tissue interstitium. The small size of the nanocarriers also allows them to penetrate deeper, so they can expose a larger portion of the tumor to the drug. Additionally, the presence of hypoxic regions in tumor reduces the fraction of killed cancer cells due to reduced penetration depth. The proposed model can be considered for optimizing and developing pH-sensitive delivery systems to reduce both cost and time of the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Soltani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave., Waterloo, ON, N2L3G1, Canada.
- Centre for Biotechnology and Bioengineering (CBB), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
- Advanced Bioengineering Initiative Center, Computational Medicine Center, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Souri
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
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Vilhelmsson Timmermand O, Örbom A, Altai M, Zedan W, Holmqvist B, Safi M, Tran TA, Strand SE, Strand J. A Conjugation Strategy to Modulate Antigen Binding and FcRn Interaction Leads to Improved Tumor Targeting and Radioimmunotherapy Efficacy with an Antibody Targeting Prostate-Specific Antigen. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13143469. [PMID: 34298682 PMCID: PMC8307315 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The humanized monoclonal antibody (mAb) hu5A10 specifically targets and internalizes prostate cancer cells by binding to prostate specific antigen (PSA). Preclinical evaluations have shown that hu5A10 is an excellent vehicle for prostate cancer (PCa) radiotheranostics. We studied the impact of different chelates and conjugation ratios on hu5A10's target affinity, neonatal fc-receptor interaction on in vivo targeting efficacy, and possible enhanced therapeutic efficacy. METHODS In our experiment, humanized 5A10 (hu5A10) was conjugated with DOTA or DTPA at a molar ratio of 3:1, 6:1, and 12:1. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) was used to study antigen and FcRn binding to the antibody conjugates. [111In]hu5A10 radio-immunoconjugates were administered intravenously into BALB/c mice carrying subcutaneous LNCaP xenografts. Serial Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) images were obtained during the first week. Tumors were harvested and radionuclide distribution was analyzed by autoradiography along with microanatomy and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS As seen by SPR, the binding to PSA was clearly affected by the chelate-to-antibody ratio. Similarly, FcRn (neonatal fc-receptor) interacted less with antibodies conjugated at high ratios of chelator, which was more pronounced for DOTA conjugates. The autoradiography data indicated a higher distribution of radioactivity to the rim of the tumor for lower ratios and a more homogenous distribution at higher ratios. Mice injected with ratio 3:1 111In-DOTA-hu5A10 showed no significant difference in tumor volume when compared to mice given vehicle over a time period of 3 weeks. Mice given a similar injection of ratio 6:1 111In-DOTA-hu5A10 or 6:1 111In-DTPA-hu5A10 or 12:1 111In-DTPA-hu5A10 showed significant tumor growth retardation. Conclusions: The present study demonstrated that the radiolabeling strategy could positively modify the hu5A10's capacity to bind PSA and complex with the FcRn-receptor, which resulted in more homogenous activity distribution in tumors and enhanced therapy efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oskar Vilhelmsson Timmermand
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology, Lund University, 22243 Lund, Sweden; (O.V.T.); (A.Ö.); (M.A.); (W.Z.); (M.S.); (S.-E.S.)
| | - Anders Örbom
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology, Lund University, 22243 Lund, Sweden; (O.V.T.); (A.Ö.); (M.A.); (W.Z.); (M.S.); (S.-E.S.)
| | - Mohamed Altai
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology, Lund University, 22243 Lund, Sweden; (O.V.T.); (A.Ö.); (M.A.); (W.Z.); (M.S.); (S.-E.S.)
| | - Wahed Zedan
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology, Lund University, 22243 Lund, Sweden; (O.V.T.); (A.Ö.); (M.A.); (W.Z.); (M.S.); (S.-E.S.)
| | - Bo Holmqvist
- ImaGene-iT AB, Medicon Village, 22363 Lund, Sweden;
| | - Marcella Safi
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology, Lund University, 22243 Lund, Sweden; (O.V.T.); (A.Ö.); (M.A.); (W.Z.); (M.S.); (S.-E.S.)
| | - Thuy A. Tran
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Karolinska University Hospital, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Sven-Erik Strand
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology, Lund University, 22243 Lund, Sweden; (O.V.T.); (A.Ö.); (M.A.); (W.Z.); (M.S.); (S.-E.S.)
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Medical Radiation Physics, Lund University, 22243 Lund, Sweden
| | - Joanna Strand
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology, Lund University, 22243 Lund, Sweden; (O.V.T.); (A.Ö.); (M.A.); (W.Z.); (M.S.); (S.-E.S.)
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Skane University Hospital, 22243 Lund, Sweden
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +46-736839033
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King JL, Benhabbour SR. Glioblastoma Multiforme-A Look at the Past and a Glance at the Future. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13071053. [PMID: 34371744 PMCID: PMC8309001 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13071053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common type of brain tumor that occur in adults and children. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common, aggressive form of brain cancer in adults and is universally fatal. The current standard-of-care options for GBM include surgical resection, radiotherapy, and concomitant and/or adjuvant chemotherapy. One of the major challenges that impedes success of chemotherapy is the presence of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Because of the tightly regulated BBB, immune surveillance in the central nervous system (CNS) is poor, contributing to unregulated glioma cell growth. This review gives a comprehensive overview of the latest advances in treatment of GBM with emphasis on the significant advances in immunotherapy and novel therapeutic delivery strategies to enhance treatment for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine L. King
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Soumya Rahima Benhabbour
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-919-843-6142
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King JL, Benhabbour SR. Glioblastoma Multiforme-A Look at the Past and a Glance at the Future. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1053. [PMID: 34371744 PMCID: PMC8309001 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13071053;] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common type of brain tumor that occur in adults and children. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common, aggressive form of brain cancer in adults and is universally fatal. The current standard-of-care options for GBM include surgical resection, radiotherapy, and concomitant and/or adjuvant chemotherapy. One of the major challenges that impedes success of chemotherapy is the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Because of the tightly regulated BBB, immune surveillance in the central nervous system (CNS) is poor, contributing to unregulated glioma cell growth. This review gives a comprehensive overview of the latest advances in treatment of GBM with emphasis on the significant advances in immunotherapy and novel therapeutic delivery strategies to enhance treatment for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine L. King
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Soumya Rahima Benhabbour
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-919-843-6142
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Cyanine-5-Driven Behaviours of Hyperbranched Polymers Designed for Therapeutic Delivery Are Cell-Type Specific and Correlated with Polar Lipid Distribution in Membranes. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11071745. [PMID: 34361131 PMCID: PMC8308131 DOI: 10.3390/nano11071745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The ability to predict the behaviour of polymeric nanomedicines can often be obfuscated by subtle modifications to the corona structure, such as incorporation of fluorophores or other entities. However, these interactions provide an intriguing insight into how selection of molecular components in multifunctional nanomedicines contributes to the overall biological fate of such materials. Here, we detail the internalisation behaviours of polymeric nanomedicines across a suite of cell types and extrapolate data for distinguishing the underlying mechanics of cyanine-5-driven interactions as they pertain to uptake and endosomal escape. By correlating the variance of rate kinetics with endosomal escape efficiency and endogenous lipid polarity, we identify that observed cell-type dependencies correspond with an underlying susceptibility to dye-mediated effects and nanomedicine accumulation within polar vesicles. Further, our results infer that the ability to translocate endosomal membranes may be improved in certain cell types, suggesting a potential role for diagnostic moieties in trafficking of drug-loaded nanocarriers.
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Moradi Kashkooli F, Soltani M, Momeni MM, Rahmim A. Enhanced Drug Delivery to Solid Tumors via Drug-Loaded Nanocarriers: An Image-Based Computational Framework. Front Oncol 2021; 11:655781. [PMID: 34249692 PMCID: PMC8264267 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.655781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Nano-sized drug delivery systems (NSDDSs) offer a promising therapeutic technology with sufficient biocompatibility, stability, and drug-loading rates towards efficient drug delivery to solid tumors. We aim to apply a multi-scale computational model for evaluating drug delivery to predict treatment efficacy. Methodology Three strategies for drug delivery, namely conventional chemotherapy (one-stage), as well as chemotherapy through two- and three-stage NSDDSs, were simulated and compared. A geometric model of the tumor and the capillary network was obtained by processing a real image. Subsequently, equations related to intravascular and interstitial flows as well as drug transport in tissue were solved by considering real conditions as well as details such as drug binding to cells and cellular uptake. Finally, the role of periodic treatments was investigated considering tumor recurrence between treatments. The impact of different parameters, nanoparticle (NP) size, binding affinity of drug, and the kinetics of release rate, were additionally investigated to determine their therapeutic efficacy. Results Using NPs considerably increases the fraction of killed cells (FKCs) inside the tumor compared to conventional chemotherapy. Tumoral FKCs for two-stage DDS with smaller NP size (20nm) is higher than that of larger NPs (100nm), in all investigate release rates. Slower and continuous release of the chemotherapeutic agents from NPs have better treatment outcomes in comparison with faster release rate. In three-stage DDS, for intermediate and higher binding affinities, it is desirable for the secondary particle to be released at a faster rate, and the drug with slower rate. In lower binding affinities, high release rates have better performance. Results also demonstrate that after 5 treatments with three-stage DDS, 99.6% of tumor cells (TCs) are killed, while two-stage DDS and conventional chemotherapy kill 95.6% and 88.5% of tumor cells in the same period, respectively. Conclusion The presented framework has the potential to enable decision making for new drugs via computational modeling of treatment responses and has the potential to aid oncologists with personalized treatment plans towards more optimal treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M Soltani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, School of Optometry and Vision Science, Faculty of Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.,Advanced Bioengineering Initiative Center, Multidisciplinary International Complex, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.,Centre for Biotechnology and Bioengineering (CBB), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Mohammad Masoud Momeni
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arman Rahmim
- Departments of Radiology and Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Yong HW, Kakkar A. Nanoengineering Branched Star Polymer-Based Formulations: Scope, Strategies, and Advances. Macromol Biosci 2021; 21:e2100105. [PMID: 34117840 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Soft nanoparticles continue to offer a promising platform for the encapsulation and controlled delivery of poorly water-soluble drugs and help enhance their bioavailability at targeted sites. Linear amphiphilic block copolymers are the most extensively investigated in formulating delivery vehicles. However, more recently, there has been increasing interest in utilizing branched macromolecules for nanomedicine, as these have been shown to lower critical micelle concentrations, form particles of smaller dimensions, facilitate the inclusion of varied compositions and function-based entities, as well as provide prolonged and sustained release of cargo. In this review, it is aimed to discuss some of the key variables that are studied in tailoring branched architecture-based assemblies, and their influence on drug loading and delivery. By understanding structure-property relationships in these formulations, one can better design branched star polymers with suitable characteristics for efficient therapeutic interventions. The role played by polymer composition, chain architecture, crosslinking, stereocomplexation, compatibility between polymers and drugs, drug/polymer concentrations, and self-assembly methods in their performance as nanocarriers is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wen Yong
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, Quebec, H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Ashok Kakkar
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, Quebec, H3A 0B8, Canada
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Paus C, van der Voort R, Cambi A. Nanomedicine in cancer therapy: promises and hurdles of polymeric nanoparticles. EXPLORATION OF MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.37349/emed.2021.00040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The limitations of current cancer treatments have stimulated the application of nanotechnology to develop more effective and safer cancer therapies. Remarkable progress has been made in the development of nanomedicine to overcome issues associated with conventional cancer treatment, including low drug solubility, insufficient targeting, and drug resistance. The modulation of nanoparticles allows the improvement of drug pharmacokinetics, leading to improved targeting and reduced side effects. In addition, nanoparticles can be conjugated to ligands that specifically target cancer cells. Furthermore, strategies that exploit tumor characteristics to locally trigger drug release have shown to increase targeted drug delivery. However, although some clinical successes have been achieved, most nanomedicines fail to reach the clinic. Factors that hinder clinical translation vary from the complexity of design, incomplete understanding of biological mechanisms, and high demands during the manufacturing process. Clinical translation might be improved by combining knowledge from different disciplines such as cell biology, chemistry, and tumor pathophysiology. An increased understanding on how nanoparticle modifications affect biological systems is pivotal to improve design, eventually aiding development of more effective nanomedicines. This review summarizes the key successes that have been made in nanomedicine, including improved drug delivery and release by polymeric nanoparticles as well as the introduction of strategies that overcome drug resistance. In addition, the application of nanomedicine in immunotherapy is discussed, and several remaining challenges addressed.
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Neophytou CM, Panagi M, Stylianopoulos T, Papageorgis P. The Role of Tumor Microenvironment in Cancer Metastasis: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13092053. [PMID: 33922795 PMCID: PMC8122975 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Metastasis, the process by which cancer cells escape primary tumor site and colonize distant organs, is responsible for most cancer-related deaths. The tumor microenvironment (TME), comprises different cell types, including immune cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts, as well as structural elements, such as collagen and hyaluronan that constitute the extracellular matrix (ECM). Intratumoral interactions between the cellular and structural components of the TME regulate the aggressiveness, and dissemination of malignant cells and promote immune evasion. At the secondary site, the TME also facilitates escape from dormancy to enhance metastatic tumor outgrowth. Moreover, the ECM applies mechanical forces on tumors that contribute to hypoxia and cancer cell invasiveness whereas also hinders drug delivery and efficacy in both primary and metastatic sites. In this review, we summarize the latest developments regarding the role of the TME in cancer progression and discuss ongoing efforts to remodel the TME to stop metastasis in its tracks. Abstract The tumor microenvironment (TME) regulates essential tumor survival and promotion functions. Interactions between the cellular and structural components of the TME allow cancer cells to become invasive and disseminate from the primary site to distant locations, through a complex and multistep metastatic cascade. Tumor-associated M2-type macrophages have growth-promoting and immunosuppressive functions; mesenchymal cells mass produce exosomes that increase the migratory ability of cancer cells; cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) reorganize the surrounding matrix creating migration-guiding tracks for cancer cells. In addition, the tumor extracellular matrix (ECM) exerts determinant roles in disease progression and cancer cell migration and regulates therapeutic responses. The hypoxic conditions generated at the primary tumor force cancer cells to genetically and/or epigenetically adapt in order to survive and metastasize. In the circulation, cancer cells encounter platelets, immune cells, and cytokines in the blood microenvironment that facilitate their survival and transit. This review discusses the roles of different cellular and structural tumor components in regulating the metastatic process, targeting approaches using small molecule inhibitors, nanoparticles, manipulated exosomes, and miRNAs to inhibit tumor invasion as well as current and future strategies to remodel the TME and enhance treatment efficacy to block the detrimental process of metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiana M. Neophytou
- European University Research Center, Nicosia 2404, Cyprus;
- Tumor Microenvironment, Metastasis and Experimental Therapeutics Laboratory, Basic and Translational Cancer Research Center, Department of Life Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia 1516, Cyprus
| | - Myrofora Panagi
- Cancer Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia 2109, Cyprus; (M.P.); (T.S.)
| | - Triantafyllos Stylianopoulos
- Cancer Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia 2109, Cyprus; (M.P.); (T.S.)
| | - Panagiotis Papageorgis
- European University Research Center, Nicosia 2404, Cyprus;
- Tumor Microenvironment, Metastasis and Experimental Therapeutics Laboratory, Basic and Translational Cancer Research Center, Department of Life Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia 1516, Cyprus
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +357-22-713158
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Liang C, Zhang X, Wang Z, Wang W, Yang M, Dong X. Organic/inorganic nanohybrids rejuvenate photodynamic cancer therapy. J Mater Chem B 2021; 8:4748-4763. [PMID: 32129418 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb00098a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The development of nanotechnology has changed the 100-year-old paradigm of photodynamic therapy (PDT), in which organic/inorganic hybrid nanomaterials have made great contributions. In this review, we first describe the mechanisms of PDT and discuss the limitations of conventional PDT. On this basis, we summarize recent progress in organic/inorganic nanohybrids-based photodynamic agents, highlighting how these nanohybrids can be programmed to overcome challenges in photodynamic cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Liang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing 211800, China. and Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Xinglin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing 211800, China.
| | - Zhichao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing 211800, China.
| | - Wenjun Wang
- School of Physical Science and Information Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Mengsu Yang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Xiaochen Dong
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing 211800, China. and School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
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Mushtaq A, Li L, A A, Grøndahl L. Chitosan Nanomedicine in Cancer Therapy: Targeted Delivery and Cellular Uptake. Macromol Biosci 2021; 21:e2100005. [PMID: 33738977 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nanomedicine has gained much attention for the management and treatment of cancers due to the distinctive physicochemical properties of the drug-loaded particles. Chitosan's cationic nature is attractive for the development of such particles for drug delivery, transfection, and controlled release. The particle properties can be improved by modification of the polymer or the particle themselves. The physicochemical properties of chitosan particles are analyzed in 126 recent studies, which allows to highlight their impact on passive and active targeted drug delivery, cellular uptake, and tumor growth inhibition (TGI). From 2012 to 2019, out of 40 in vivo studies, only 4 studies are found reporting a reduction in tumor size by using chitosan particles while all other studies reported tumor growth inhibition relative to controls. A total of 23 studies are analyzed for cellular uptake including 12 studies reporting cellular uptake mechanisms. Understanding and exploiting the processes involved in targeted delivery, endocytosis, and exocytosis by controlling the physicochemical properties of chitosan particles are important for the development of safe and efficient nanomedicine. It is concluded based on the recent literature available on chitosan particles that combination therapies can play a pivotal role in transformation of chitosan nanomedicine from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asim Mushtaq
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Building 68, Cooper Road, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Li Li
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Building 75, Corner of College and Cooper Road, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Anitha A
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Building 68, Cooper Road, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Lisbeth Grøndahl
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Building 68, Cooper Road, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia.,Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Building 75, Corner of College and Cooper Road, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
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Lorkowski ME, Atukorale PU, Ghaghada KB, Karathanasis E. Stimuli-Responsive Iron Oxide Nanotheranostics: A Versatile and Powerful Approach for Cancer Therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2001044. [PMID: 33225633 PMCID: PMC7933107 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202001044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Recent advancements in unravelling elements of cancer biology involved in disease progression and treatment resistance have highlighted the need for a holistic approach to effectively tackle cancer. Stimuli-responsive nanotheranostics based on iron oxide nanoparticles are an emerging class of versatile nanomedicines with powerful capabilities to "seek, sense, and attack" multiple components of solid tumors. In this work, the rationale for using iron oxide nanoparticles and the basic physical principles that impact their function in biomedical applications are reviewed. Subsequently, recent advances in the integration of iron oxide nanoparticles with various stimulus mechanisms to facilitate the development of stimuli-responsive nanotheranostics for application in cancer therapy are summarized. The integration of an iron oxide core with various surface coating mechanisms results in the generation of hybrid nanoconstructs with capabilities to codeliver a wide variety of highly potent anticancer therapeutics and immune modulators. Finally, emerging future directions and considerations for their clinical translation are touched upon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan E. Lorkowski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Prabhani U. Atukorale
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Ketan B. Ghaghada
- Edward B. Singleton Department of Pediatric Radiology, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Efstathios Karathanasis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Gagliardi A, Giuliano E, Venkateswararao E, Fresta M, Bulotta S, Awasthi V, Cosco D. Biodegradable Polymeric Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery to Solid Tumors. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:601626. [PMID: 33613290 PMCID: PMC7887387 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.601626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in nanotechnology have favored the development of novel colloidal formulations able to modulate the pharmacological and biopharmaceutical properties of drugs. The peculiar physico-chemical and technological properties of nanomaterial-based therapeutics have allowed for several successful applications in the treatment of cancer. The size, shape, charge and patterning of nanoscale therapeutic molecules are parameters that need to be investigated and modulated in order to promote and optimize cell and tissue interaction. In this review, the use of polymeric nanoparticles as drug delivery systems of anticancer compounds, their physico-chemical properties and their ability to be efficiently localized in specific tumor tissues have been described. The nanoencapsulation of antitumor active compounds in polymeric systems is a promising approach to improve the efficacy of various tumor treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnese Gagliardi
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Elena Giuliano
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Eeda Venkateswararao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Massimo Fresta
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Stefania Bulotta
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vibhudutta Awasthi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Donato Cosco
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
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Costagliola di Polidoro A, Zambito G, Haeck J, Mezzanotte L, Lamfers M, Netti PA, Torino E. Theranostic Design of Angiopep-2 Conjugated Hyaluronic Acid Nanoparticles (Thera-ANG-cHANPs) for Dual Targeting and Boosted Imaging of Glioma Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13030503. [PMID: 33525655 PMCID: PMC7865309 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Glioblastoma multiforme is the most aggressive malignant brain tumor with poor patient prognosis. The presence of the blood-brain barrier and the complex tumor microenvironment impair the efficient accumulation of drugs and contrast agents, causing late diagnosis, inefficient treatment and monitoring. Functionalized theranostic nanoparticles are a valuable tool to modulate biodistribution of active agents, promoting their active delivery and selective accumulation for an earlier diagnosis and effective treatment, and provide simultaneous therapy and imaging for improved evaluation of treatment efficacy. In this work, we developed angiopep-2 functionalized crosslinked hyaluronic acid nanoparticles encapsulating gadolinium-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-DTPA) and irinotecan (Thera-ANG-cHANPs) that were shown to boost relaxometric properties of Gd-DTPA by the effect of Hydrodenticity, improve the uptake of nanoparticles by the exploitation of angiopep-2 improved transport properties, and accelerate the therapeutic effect of Irinotecan. Abstract Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) has a mean survival of only 15 months. Tumour heterogeneity and blood-brain barrier (BBB) mainly hinder the transport of active agents, leading to late diagnosis, ineffective therapy and inaccurate follow-up. The use of hydrogel nanoparticles, particularly hyaluronic acid as naturally occurring polymer of the extracellular matrix (ECM), has great potential in improving the transport of drug molecules and, furthermore, in facilitatating the early diagnosis by the effect of hydrodenticity enabling the T1 boosting of Gadolinium chelates for MRI. Here, crosslinked hyaluronic acid nanoparticles encapsulating gadolinium-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-DTPA) and the chemotherapeutic agent irinotecan (Thera-cHANPs) are proposed as theranostic nanovectors, with improved MRI capacities. Irinotecan was selected since currently repurposed as an alternative compound to the poorly effective temozolomide (TMZ), generally approved as the gold standard in GBM clinical care. Also, active crossing and targeting are achieved by theranostic cHANPs decorated with angiopep-2 (Thera-ANG-cHANPs), a dual-targeting peptide interacting with low density lipoprotein receptor related protein-1(LRP-1) receptors overexpressed by both endothelial cells of the BBB and glioma cells. Results showed preserving the hydrodenticity effect in the advanced formulation and internalization by the active peptide-mediated uptake of Thera-cHANPs in U87 and GS-102 cells. Moreover, Thera-ANG-cHANPs proved to reduce ironotecan time response, showing a significant cytotoxic effect in 24 h instead of 48 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Costagliola di Polidoro
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering (DICMaPI), University of Naples Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy; (A.C.d.P.); (P.A.N.)
- Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, IIT, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Giorgia Zambito
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (G.Z.); (L.M.)
- Medres Medical Research GmBH, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joost Haeck
- AMIE Core Facility, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Laura Mezzanotte
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (G.Z.); (L.M.)
- Medres Medical Research GmBH, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Martine Lamfers
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Paolo Antonio Netti
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering (DICMaPI), University of Naples Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy; (A.C.d.P.); (P.A.N.)
- Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, IIT, 80125 Naples, Italy
- AMIE Core Facility, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Enza Torino
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering (DICMaPI), University of Naples Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy; (A.C.d.P.); (P.A.N.)
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biomaterials, CRIB, University of Naples Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence:
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