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Altaf M, Ilyas T, Shahid M, Shafi Z, Tyagi A, Ali S. Trichoderma Inoculation Alleviates Cd and Pb-Induced Toxicity and Improves Growth and Physiology of Vigna radiata (L.). ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:8557-8573. [PMID: 38405473 PMCID: PMC10882690 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c10470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metals (HMs) pose a serious threat to agricultural productivity. Therefore, there is a need to find sustainable approaches to combat HM stressors in agriculture. In this study, we isolated Trichoderma sp. TF-13 from metal-polluted rhizospheric soil, which has the ability to resist 1600 and 1200 μg mL-1 cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb), respectively. Owing to its remarkable metal tolerance, this fungal strain was applied for bioremediation of HMs in Vigna radiata (L.). Strain TF-13 produced siderophore, salicylic acid (SA; 43.4 μg mL-1) and 2,3-DHBA (21.0 μg mL-1), indole-3-acetic acid, ammonia, and ACC deaminase under HM stressed conditions. Increasing concentrations of tested HM ions caused severe reduction in overall growth of plants; however, Trichoderma sp. TF-13 inoculation significantly (p ≤ 0.05) increased the growth and physiological traits of HM-treated V. radiata. Interestingly, Trichoderma sp. TF-13 improved germination rate (10%), root length (26%), root biomass (32%), and vigor index (12%) of V. radiata grown under 25 μg Cd kg-1 soil. Additionally, Trichoderma inoculation showed a significant (p ≤ 0.05) increase in total chlorophyll, chl a, chl b, carotenoid content, root nitrogen (N), and root phosphorus (P) of 100 μg Cd kg-1 soil-treated plants over uninoculated treatment. Furthermore, enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant activities of Trichoderma inoculated in metal-treated plants were improved. For instance, strain TF-13 increased proline (37%), lipid peroxidation (56%), catalase (35%), peroxidase (42%), superoxide dismutase (27%), and glutathione reductase (39%) activities in 100 μg Pb kg-1 soil-treated plants. The uptake of Pb and Cd in root/shoot tissues was decreased by 34/39 and 47/38% in fungal-inoculated and 25 μg kg-1 soil-treated plants. Thus, this study demonstrates that stabilizing metal mobility in the rhizosphere through Trichoderma inoculation significantly reduced the detrimental effects of Cd and Pb toxicity in V. radiata and also enhanced development under HM stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Altaf
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud
University, P.O. Box 2455, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi
Arabia
| | - Talat Ilyas
- Department
of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226026, India
| | - Mohammad Shahid
- Department
of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agricultural Science, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Zaryab Shafi
- Department
of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Integral
University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226026, India
| | - Anshika Tyagi
- Department
of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan Gyeongbuk 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Sajad Ali
- Department
of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan Gyeongbuk 38541, Republic of Korea
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Zhao L, Yang T, Zhou J, Peng X. Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Robinia pseudoacacia L. Growing on Soils Contaminated with Heavy Metals. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:684. [PMID: 37367620 DOI: 10.3390/jof9060684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have been shown to assist plants in increasing metal tolerance and accumulation in heavy metal (HM)-contaminated soils. Herein, a greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to assess the interactions of growth substrates (S1, S2, and S3, respectively) with various HM contamination and nutrient status sampling from a typical contaminated soil and tailings in Shuikoushan lead/zinc mining in Hunan province, China, and AMF inoculation obtained from plants in uncontaminated areas (Glomus mosseae, Glomus intraradices, and uninoculated, respectively) on the biomass and uptake of HMs and phosphorus (P) by the black locust plant (Robinia pseudoacacia L.). The results indicated that the inoculation with AMF significantly enhanced the mycorrhizal colonization of plant roots compared with the uninoculated treatments, and the colonization rates were found to be higher in S1 and S2 compared with S3, which were characterized with a higher nutrient availability and lead concentration. The biomass and heights of R. pseudoacacia were significantly increased by AMF inoculation in S1 and S2. Furthermore, AMF significantly increased the HM concentrations of the roots in S1 and S2 but decreased the HM concentrations in S3. Shoot HM concentrations varied in response to different AMF species and substrate types. Mycorrhizal colonization was found to be highly correlated with plant P concentrations and biomass in S1 and S2, but not in S3. Moreover, plant biomass was also significantly correlated with plant P concentrations in S1 and S2. Overall, these findings demonstrate the interactions of AMF inoculation and growth substrates on the phytoremediation potential of R. pseudoacacia and highlights the need to select optimal AMF isolates for their use in specific substrates for the remediation of HM-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuhui Zhao
- School of Civil Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
- China Railway First Survey & Design Institute Group Co., Ltd., Xi'an 710043, China
| | - Tao Yang
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jinxing Zhou
- School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiawei Peng
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
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Manwani S, Devi P, Singh T, Yadav CS, Awasthi KK, Bhoot N, Awasthi G. Heavy metals in vegetables: a review of status, human health concerns, and management options. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:71940-71956. [PMID: 35921005 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22210-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
For sustainable global growth, food security is a prime concern issue, both quantitatively and qualitatively. Adverse effects on crop quality from contaminants like heavy metals have affected food security and human health. Vegetables comprise the essential and nutritious part of the human diet as they contain a lot of health-promoting minerals and vitamins. However, the inadvertent excess accumulation of heavy metals (As, Cd, Hg, and Pb) in vegetables and their subsequent intake by humans may affect their physiology and metabolomics and has been associated with diseases like cancer, mental retardation, and immunosuppression. Many known sources of hazardous metals are volcano eruptions, soil erosion, use of chemical fertilizers in agriculture, the use of pesticides and herbicides, and irrigation with wastewater, industrial effluents, etc. that contaminate the vegetables through the soil, air and water. In this review, the problem of heavy metal contamination in vegetables is discussed along with the prospective management strategies like soil amendments, application of bioadsorbents, membrane filtration, bioremediation, and nanoremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Manwani
- Department of Life Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303012, India
| | - Pooja Devi
- Department of Life Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303012, India
| | - Tanvi Singh
- Department of Zoology, Delhi University, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Chandra Shekhar Yadav
- Department of Life Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303012, India
- School of Forensic Science, National Forensic Science University, Gandhinagar, 382007, India
| | - Kumud Kant Awasthi
- Department of Life Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303012, India
| | - Narain Bhoot
- Central Laboratory, Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 302004, India
| | - Garima Awasthi
- Department of Life Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303012, India.
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4
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Chandwani S, Kayasth R, Naik H, Amaresan N. Current status and future prospect of managing lead (Pb) stress through microbes for sustainable agriculture. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:479. [PMID: 36930330 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11061-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Soil is an important residence under various biotic and abiotic conditions. Contamination of soil by various means has hazardous effects on both plants and humans. Soil contamination by heavy metals occurs due to various man-made activities, including improper industrial and agricultural practices. Among the heavy metals, after arsenic, lead (Pb) was found to be the second most toxic metal and potent pollutants that accumulate in sediments and soils. Pb is not considered an essential element for promoting plant growth but is readily absorbed and accumulated in different plant parts. Many parameters such as pH, root exudation, soil particle size, cation exchange capacity, and other physicochemical parameters are involved in Pb uptake in plants. Excess amounts of Pb pose a threat to plant growth and cause toxicity such as chlorosis, blackening of the root system, and stunted growth. Pb toxicity may inhibit photosynthesis, disturb water balance and mineral nutrition, and alter the hormonal status, structure, and membrane permeability of plants. Therefore, this review addresses the effects of Pb toxicity and its impact on plant growth, including the morphological, physiological, and biological effects of Pb toxicity, the mechanisms behind different strategies promoting plant growth, and in combating Pb-induced stress. The bioremediation strategy for Pb removal from Pb-contaminated soil also plays an important role in combating Pb toxicity using bacterial community. Pb-contaminated soil may be remediated using different technologies such as rhizofiltration and phytoremediation, which tend to have a great capacity to curb Pb-contamination within the soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sapna Chandwani
- C.G. Bhakta Institute of Biotechnology, Uka Tarsadia University, Maliba Campus, Bardoli Surat, 394 350, Gujarat, India
| | - Rinkal Kayasth
- C.G. Bhakta Institute of Biotechnology, Uka Tarsadia University, Maliba Campus, Bardoli Surat, 394 350, Gujarat, India
| | - Hetvi Naik
- C.G. Bhakta Institute of Biotechnology, Uka Tarsadia University, Maliba Campus, Bardoli Surat, 394 350, Gujarat, India
| | - Natarajan Amaresan
- C.G. Bhakta Institute of Biotechnology, Uka Tarsadia University, Maliba Campus, Bardoli Surat, 394 350, Gujarat, India.
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Sharma P, Bano A, Yadav S, Singh SP. Biocatalytic Degradation of Emerging Micropollutants. Top Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-023-01790-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
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6
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Kaur H, Tashima, Singh S, Kumar P. Reconditioning of plant metabolism by arbuscular mycorrhizal networks in cadmium contaminated soils: Recent perspectives. Microbiol Res 2023; 268:127293. [PMID: 36586201 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2022.127293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most perilous nonessential heavy metal for plants, owing to its high water solubility and obstruction with various physiological and biochemical processes. It enters food chain via plant uptake from contaminated soil, posing a grave menace to ecosystem and mankind. Green remediation comprises approaches intended at prudent use of natural resources for increasing profits to humans and environment. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are considered a promising green technological tool for remedial of Cd-polluted soils. They are naturally associated with root system of plants in Cd-contaminated soils, evidencing their tolerance to Cd. AM can decrease Cd uptake by plants broadly through two strategies: (1) extracellular mechanisms involving Cd chelation by root exudates, binding to fungal cell wall/structures or to the glycoprotein glomalin; (2) intracellular means involving transfer via hyphal network, detoxification and vacuolar sequestration mediated by complexation of Cd with glutathione (GSH), phytochelatins (PCs), metallothioneins (MTs) and polyphosphate granules. Additionally, mycorrhizal symbiosis facilitates reconditioning of plants' metabolism primarily through dilution effect, increased water and mineral uptake. Recently, AM-induced remodelling of root cell wall synthesis has been reported to improve plant vigor and survival under Cd stressed environments. The present article highlights Cd impacts on AM growth, its diversity in Cd contaminated soils, and variations among diverse AM fungal species for imparting plant Cd tolerance. The most recent perspectives on AM-mediated Cd tolerance mechanisms in plants, including cellular and molecular studies have also been reviewed for successful utilization of these beneficial microbes in sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harmanjit Kaur
- Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, Uttar Pradesh, India..
| | - Tashima
- Department of Botany, Akal University, Talwandi Sabo, Bathinda, Punjab 151302, India
| | - Sandeep Singh
- Department of Botany, Kanya Maha Vidyalaya, Jalandhar, Punjab 144004, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, Dolphin (PG) Institute of Biomedical and Natural Sciences, Manduwala, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India.
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7
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Fungal bioproducts for petroleum hydrocarbons and toxic metals remediation: recent advances and emerging technologies. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2023; 46:393-428. [PMID: 35943595 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-022-02763-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Petroleum hydrocarbons and toxic metals are sources of environmental contamination and are harmful to all ecosystems. Fungi have metabolic and morphological plasticity that turn them into potential prototypes for technological development in biological remediation of these contaminants due to their ability to interact with a specific contaminant and/or produced metabolites. Although fungal bioinoculants producing enzymes, biosurfactants, polymers, pigments and organic acids have potential to be protagonists in mycoremediation of hydrocarbons and toxic metals, they can still be only adjuvants together with bacteria, microalgae, plants or animals in such processes. However, the sudden accelerated development of emerging technologies related to the use of potential fungal bioproducts such as bioinoculants, enzymes and biosurfactants in the remediation of these contaminants, has boosted fungal bioprocesses to achieve higher performance and possible real application. In this review, we explore scientific and technological advances in bioprocesses related to the production and/or application of these potential fungal bioproducts when used in remediation of hydrocarbons and toxic metals from an integral perspective of biotechnological process development. In turn, it sheds light to overcome existing technological limitations or enable new experimental designs in the remediation of these and other emerging contaminants.
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8
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Sun J, Jia Q, Li Y, Dong K, Xu S, Ren Y, Zhang T, Chen J, Shi N, Fu S. Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungus Diversispora eburnea Inoculation on Lolium perenne and Amorpha fruticosa Growth, Cadmium Uptake, and Soil Cadmium Speciation in Cadmium-Contaminated Soil. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:795. [PMID: 36613117 PMCID: PMC9819954 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) pollution has become aggravated during the past decades of industrialization, severely endangering human health through its entry into the food chain. While it is well understood that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have a strong ability to regulate plant growth and Cd uptake, studies investigating how they affect soil Cd speciation and influence Cd uptake are limited. We designed a pot experiment comprising two AMF-inoculant groups (inoculation with Diversispora eburnea or no inoculation), three Cd concentration levels (0, 5, and 15 mg/kg), and two plant species (Lolium perenne and Amorpha fruticosa) to study the effect of AMF Diversispora eburnea on plant growth, Cd uptake, and Cd speciation in the soil. The results revealed that L. perenne exhibited higher productivity and greater Cd uptake than A. fruticosa, regardless of AMF D. eburnea inoculation. However, AMF D. eburnea significantly altered soil Cd speciation by increasing the proportion of exchangeable Cd and decreasing residual Cd, resulting in Cd enrichment in the plant root organs and the elimination of Cd from the polluted soils. Our experiments demonstrate that inoculating plants with AMF D. eburnea is an effective alternative strategy for remediating Cd-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahua Sun
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Henan University, Ministry of Education, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Qiong Jia
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Henan University, Ministry of Education, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Yi Li
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Henan University, Ministry of Education, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Kanglong Dong
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Shuai Xu
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Yanan Ren
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Jiayuan Chen
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Nannan Shi
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Henan University, Ministry of Education, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Shenglei Fu
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Henan University, Ministry of Education, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Dabieshan National Observation and Research Field Station of Forest Ecosystem, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
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Luo N, Zhang X, Chen S, Wang H, Liu D, Song J. Effects of cadmium (Cd) on fungal richness, diversity, and community structure of Haplic Cambisols and inference of resistant fungal genera. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:84989-85004. [PMID: 35788490 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21818-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic and widely distributed pollutants in mining sites of Northeast China, and how Cd contamination may affect the fungal characteristics of the zonal Haplic Cambisols is still unknown. The study aims to investigate the richness and diversity of fungal community in Haplic Cambisols in response to Cd treatments and to infer Cd-resistant fungal genera. Haplic Cambisol was treated with different concentrations of CdCl2·2.5H2O solution (0 mg kg-1, 1 mg kg-1, 5 mg kg-1, 25 mg kg-1, and 50 mg kg-1, expressed as CK, T1, T2, T3, and T4, respectively), and fungal community was analyzed by high-throughput sequencing technology at 30 days, 60 days, or 80 days after Cd treatment (expressed as d30, d60, and d80, respectively). The results showed that Cd treatment usually increased the richness and diversity indices, the variation of diversity index under different Cd concentrations was not obvious, and different Cd incubation times had an inhibitory effect on fungal richness, but the diversity first increased and then decreased. Besides, Ascomycota and Mortierellomycota having the highest abundance in Haplic Cambisols showed the most pronounced changes under Cd treatment. Accordingly, Cd-resistant fungi were also found, such as Aspergillus, Fusarium, Penicillium, and Trichoderma, especially Aspergillus, which had relatively high abundance. The results obtained in this study had potentially significant findings for soil biodiversity and Cd bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Luo
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiajie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Haixia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ding Liu
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jinfeng Song
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, China.
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Haque S, Srivastava N, Pal DB, Alkhanani MF, Almalki AH, Areeshi MY, Naidu R, Gupta VK. Functional microbiome strategies for the bioremediation of petroleum-hydrocarbon and heavy metal contaminated soils: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 833:155222. [PMID: 35421499 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Petroleum hydrocarbons and heavy metals are the two major soil contaminants that are released into the environment in the forms of industrial effluents. These contaminants exert serious impacts on human health and the sustainability of the environment. In this context, remediation of these pollutants via a biological approach can be effective, low-cost, and eco-friendly approach. The implementation of microorganisms and metagenomics are regarded as the advanced solution for remediating such pollutants. Further, microbiomes can overcome this issue via adopting specific structural, functional and metabolic pathways involved in the microbial community to degrade these pollutants. Genomic sequencing and library can effectively channelize the degradation of these pollutants via microbiomes. Nevertheless, more advanced technology and reliable strategies are required to develop. The present review provides insights into the role of microbiomes to effectively remediate/degrade petroleum hydrocarbons and heavy metals in contaminated soil. The possible degradation mechanisms of these pollutants have also been discussed in detail along with their existing limitations. Finally, prospects of the bioremediation strategies using microbiomes are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan-45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Neha Srivastava
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Technology, IIT (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Dan Bahadur Pal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi 835215, Jharkhand, India
| | - Mustfa F Alkhanani
- Emergency Service Department, College of Applied Sciences, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh 11597, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atiah H Almalki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; Addiction and Neuroscience Research Unit, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Al-Hawiah, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Y Areeshi
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan-45142, Saudi Arabia; Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ravi Naidu
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
| | - Vijai Kumar Gupta
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, SRUC, Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK; Center for Safe and Improved Food, SRUC, Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK.
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11
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AbdElgawad H, El-Sawah AM, Mohammed AE, Alotaibi MO, Yehia RS, Selim S, Saleh AM, Beemster GTS, Sheteiwy MS. Increasing atmospheric CO 2 differentially supports arsenite stress mitigating impact of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in wheat and soybean plants. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 296:134044. [PMID: 35202662 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are beneficial for the plant growth under heavy metal stress. Such beneficial effect is improved by elevated CO2 (eCO2). However, the mechanisms by which eCO2 improves AMF symbiotic associations under arsenite (AsIII) toxicity are hardly studied. Herein, we compared these regulatory mechanisms in species from two agronomical important plant families - grasses (wheat) and legumes (soybean). AsIII decreased plant growth (i.e., 53.75 and 60.29% of wheat and soybean, respectively) and photosynthesis. It also increased photorespiration and oxidative injury in both species, but soybean was more sensitive to oxidative stress as indicated by higher H2O2 accumulation and oxidation of protein and lipid. eCO2 significantly improved AMF colonization by increasing auxin levels, which induced high carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase (CCDs) activity, particularly in soybean roots. The improved sugar metabolism in plant shoots by co-application of eCO2 and AsIII allocated more sugars to roots sequentially. Sugar accumulation in plant roots is further induced by AMF, resulting in more C skeletons to produce organic acids, which are effectively exudated into the soil to reduce AsIII uptake. Exposure to eCO2 reduced oxidative damage and this mitigation was stronger in soybean. This could be attributed to a greater reduction in photorespiration as well as a stronger antioxidant and detoxification defence systems. The grass/legume-specificity was supported by principal component analysis, which revealed that soybean was more affected by AsIII stress and more responsive to AMF and eCO2. This study provided a mechanistic understanding of the impact of AMF, eCO2 and their interaction on As-stressed grass and legume plants, allowing better practical strategies to mitigate AsIII phytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamada AbdElgawad
- Laboratory for Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research (IMPRES), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, 62521, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M El-Sawah
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Afrah E Mohammed
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Modhi O Alotaibi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ramy S Yehia
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia; Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M Saleh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Gerrit T S Beemster
- Laboratory for Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research (IMPRES), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Mohamed S Sheteiwy
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
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Cheng S, Jiang JW, Tan LT, Deng JX, Liang PY, Su H, Sun ZX, Zhou Y. Plant Growth-Promoting Ability of Mycorrhizal Fusarium Strain KB-3 Enhanced by Its IAA Producing Endohyphal Bacterium, Klebsiella aerogenes. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:855399. [PMID: 35495715 PMCID: PMC9051524 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.855399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium oxysporum KB-3 had been reported as a mycorrhizal fungus of Bletilla striata, which can promote the seed germination and vegetative growth. Endohyphal bacteria were demonstrated in the hyphae of the KB-3 by 16S rDNA PCR amplification and SYTO-9 fluorescent nucleic acid staining. A strain Klebsiella aerogenes KE-1 was isolated and identified based on the multilocus sequence analysis. The endohyphal bacterium was successfully removed from the wild strain KB-3 (KB-3−), and GFP-labeled KE-1 was also transferred to the cured strain KB-3− (KB-3+). The production of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in the culturing broths of strains of KE-1, KB-3, KB-3−, and KB-3+ was examined by HPLC. Their IAA productions were estimated using Salkowski colorimetric technique. The highest concentrations of IAA were 76.9 (at 48 h after inoculation), 31.4, 9.6, and 19.4 μg/ml (at 60 h after inoculation), respectively. Similarly, the three fungal cultural broths exhibited plant promoting abilities on the tomato root and stem growth. The results indicated that the ability of mycorrhizal Fusarium strain KB-3 to promote plant growth was enhanced because its endohyphal bacterium, Klebsiella aerogenes KE-1, produced a certain amount of IAA.
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Boorboori MR, Zhang HY. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Are an Influential Factor in Improving the Phytoremediation of Arsenic, Cadmium, Lead, and Chromium. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:176. [PMID: 35205936 PMCID: PMC8879560 DOI: 10.3390/jof8020176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing expansion of mines, factories, and agricultural lands has caused many changes and pollution in soils and water of several parts of the world. In recent years, metal(loid)s are one of the most dangerous environmental pollutants, which directly and indirectly enters the food cycle of humans and animals, resulting in irreparable damage to their health and even causing their death. One of the most important missions of ecologists and environmental scientists is to find suitable solutions to reduce metal(loid)s pollution and prevent their spread and penetration in soil and groundwater. In recent years, phytoremediation was considered a cheap and effective solution to reducing metal(loid)s pollution in soil and water. Additionally, the effect of soil microorganisms on increasing phytoremediation was given special attention; therefore, this study attempted to investigate the role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus in the phytoremediation system and in reducing contamination by some metal(loid)s in order to put a straightforward path in front of other researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hai-Yang Zhang
- College of Environment and Surveying and Mapping Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China;
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Xiao Y, Dai MX, Zhang GQ, Yang ZX, He YM, Zhan FD. Effects of the Dark Septate Endophyte (DSE) Exophiala pisciphila on the Growth of Root Cell Wall Polysaccharides and the Cadmium Content of Zea mays L. under Cadmium Stress. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7121035. [PMID: 34947018 PMCID: PMC8708371 DOI: 10.3390/jof7121035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper aims to investigate the mechanism by which dark septate endophytes (DSEs) enhance cadmium (Cd) tolerance in there host plants. Maize (Zea mays L.) was inoculated with a DSE, Exophiala pisciphila, under Cd stress at different concentrations (0, 5, 10, and 20 mg·kg−1). The results show that, under 20 mg/kg Cd stress, DSE significantly increased maize biomass and plant height, indicating that DSE colonization can be utilized to increase the Cd tolerance of host plants. More Cd was retained in DSE-inoculated roots, especially that fixed in the root cell wall (RCW). The capability of DSE to induce a higher Cd holding capacity in the RCW is caused by modulation of the total sugar and uronic acid of DSE-colonized RCW, mainly the pectin and hemicellulose fractions. The fourier-transform spectroscopy analysis results show that carboxyl, hydroxyl, and acidic groups are involved in Cd retention in the DSE-inoculated RCW. The promotion of the growth of maize and improvement in its tolerance to Cd due to DSEs are related to restriction of the translocation of Cd from roots to shoots; resistance of Cd uptake Cd inside cells; and the increase in RCW-integrated Cd through modulating RCW polysaccharide components.
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15
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Wang Y, Liu Y, Li J, Bai S, Tian T. Fungal community composition and diversity in the rhizosphere soils of Argentina (syn. Potentilla) anserina, on the Qinghai Plateau. FUNGAL ECOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2021.101107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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Kumar A, Yadav AN, Mondal R, Kour D, Subrahmanyam G, Shabnam AA, Khan SA, Yadav KK, Sharma GK, Cabral-Pinto M, Fagodiya RK, Gupta DK, Hota S, Malyan SK. Myco-remediation: A mechanistic understanding of contaminants alleviation from natural environment and future prospect. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 284:131325. [PMID: 34216922 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Industrialization and modernization of agricultural systems contaminated lithosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere of the Earth. Sustainable remediation of contamination is essential for environmental sustainability. Myco-remediation is proposed to be a green, economical, and efficient technology over conventional remediation technologies to combat escalating pollution problems at a global scale. Fungi can perform remediation of pollutants through several mechanisms like biosorption, precipitation, biotransformation, and sequestration. Myco-remediation significantly removes or degrades metal metals, persistent organic pollutants, and other emerging pollutants. The current review highlights the species-specific remediation potential, influencing factors, genetic and molecular control mechanism, applicability merits to enhance the bioremediation efficiency. Structure and composition of fungal cell wall is crucial for immobilization of toxic pollutants and a subtle change on fungal cell wall structure may significantly affect the immobilization efficiency. The utilization protocol and applicability of enzyme engineering and myco-nanotechnology to enhance the bioremediation efficiency of any potential fungus was proposed. It is advocated that the association of hyper-accumulator plants with plant growth-promoting fungi could help in an effective cleanup strategy for the alleviation of persistent soil pollutants. The functions, activity, and regulation of fungal enzymes in myco-remediation practices required further research to enhance the myco-remediation potential. Study of the biotransformation mechanisms and risk assessment of the products formed are required to minimize environmental pollution. Recent advancements in molecular "Omic techniques"and biotechnological tools can further upgrade myco-remediation efficiency in polluted soils and water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar
- Central Muga Eri Research and Training Institute, Central Silk Board, Lahdoigarh, Jorhat, Assam, 785700, India
| | - Ajar Nath Yadav
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. Khem Singh Gill Akal College of Agriculture, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, Sirmour, Himachal Pradesh, 173101, India
| | - Raju Mondal
- Central Sericultural Germplasm Resources Centre (CSGRC), Central Silk Board, Ministry of Textiles, Thally Road, Hosur, Tamil Nadu, 635109, India
| | - Divjot Kour
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. Khem Singh Gill Akal College of Agriculture, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, Sirmour, Himachal Pradesh, 173101, India
| | - Gangavarapu Subrahmanyam
- Central Muga Eri Research and Training Institute, Central Silk Board, Lahdoigarh, Jorhat, Assam, 785700, India
| | - Aftab A Shabnam
- Central Muga Eri Research and Training Institute, Central Silk Board, Lahdoigarh, Jorhat, Assam, 785700, India
| | - Shakeel A Khan
- Centre for Environment Science and Climate Resilient Agriculture, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Krishna Kumar Yadav
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Madhyanchal Professional University, Ratibad, Bhopal, 462044, M.P., India.
| | - Gulshan Kumar Sharma
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Research Centre, Dadwara Kota 324002, Rajasthan, India
| | - Marina Cabral-Pinto
- Geobiotec Research Centre, Department of Geoscience, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ram Kishor Fagodiya
- Division of Soil and Crop Management, ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - Dipak Kumar Gupta
- ICAR-Indian Agriculture Research Institute, Barhi, Hazaribagh, Jharkhand, 825411, India
| | - Surabhi Hota
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Research Centre, Dadwara Kota 324002, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sandeep K Malyan
- Research Management and Outreach Division, National Institute of Hydrology, Jalvigyan Bhawan, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
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Xie Y, Bu H, Feng Q, Wassie M, Amee M, Jiang Y, Bi Y, Hu L, Chen L. Identification of Cd-resistant microorganisms from heavy metal-contaminated soil and its potential in promoting the growth and Cd accumulation of bermudagrass. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 200:111730. [PMID: 34293315 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Phytoremediation has been increasingly used as a green technology for the remediation of heavy metal contaminated soils. Microorganisms could enhance phytoremediation efficiency by solubilizing heavy metal and improve plant growth by producing phytohormones in the heavy metal contaminated soils. In this study, we investigated the abundance and composition of soil microbial communities in heavy metal contaminated soils. Furthermore, we identified a Cd-resistant fungal strain Penicillium janthinellum ZZ-2 and assessed its potential in improving plant growth, Cd accumulation and Cd tolerance in bermudagrass. The results indicated that long-term heavy metal pollution decreased microbial biomass and activity by inhibiting microbial community diversity, but did not significantly affect community composition. Mainly, the relative abundance of some specific bacterial and fungal taxa, such as Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, Bacteroidetes, Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, changes under metal pollution. Furthermore, at genus level, certain microbial taxa, such as Pseudonocardiaceae, AD3, Latescibacteria, Apiotrichum and Paraboeremia, only exist in polluted soil. One Cd-resistant fungus ZZ-2 was isolated and identified as Penicillium janthinellum. Further characterization revealed that ZZ-2 had a greater capacity for Cd2+ absorption, produced indole-3-acid (IAA), and facilitated plant growth in the presence of Cd. Interestingly, ZZ-2 inoculation significantly increased Cd uptake in the stem and root of bermudagrass. Thus, ZZ-2 could improve plant growth under Cd stress by reducing Cd-toxicity, increasing Cd uptake and producing IAA. This study suggests a novel fungus-assisted phytoremediation approach to alleviate Cd toxicity in heavy metals contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Heshen Bu
- Department of Pratacultural Sciences, College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Qijia Feng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Misganaw Wassie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Maurice Amee
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- Public Laboratory Platform, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yufang Bi
- China National Bamboo Research Center, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Longxing Hu
- Department of Pratacultural Sciences, College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
| | - Liang Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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Abstract
Soil contamination with petroleum hydrocarbons (PHCs) has become a global concern and has resulted from the intensification of industrial activities. This has created a serious environmental issue; therefore, there is a need to find solutions, including application of efficient remediation technologies or improvement of current techniques. Rhizoremediation is a green technology that has received global attention as a cost-effective and possibly efficient remediation technique for PHC-polluted soil. Rhizoremediation refers to the use of plants and their associated microbiota to clean up contaminated soils, where plant roots stimulate soil microbes to mineralize organic contaminants to H2O and CO2. However, this multipartite interaction is complicated because many biotic and abiotic factors can influence microbial processes in the soil, making the efficiency of rhizoremediation unpredictable. This review reports the current knowledge of rhizoremediation approaches that can accelerate the remediation of PHC-contaminated soil. Recent approaches discussed in this review include (1) selecting plants with desired characteristics suitable for rhizoremediation; (2) exploiting and manipulating the plant microbiome by using inoculants containing plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) or hydrocarbon-degrading microbes, or a combination of both types of organisms; (3) enhancing the understanding of how the host–plant assembles a beneficial microbiome, and how it functions, under pollutant stress. A better understanding of plant–microbiome interactions could lead to successful use of rhizoremediation for PHC-contaminated soil in the future.
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Kumar P. Stress amelioration response of glycine betaine and Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in sorghum under Cr toxicity. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0253878. [PMID: 34283857 PMCID: PMC8291713 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromium toxicity is a major problem in agricultural soils that negatively affects a plant’s metabolic activities. It reduces biochemical and antioxidant defence system’s activities. In search of the solution to this problem a two-year pot experiment (completely randomized design with three replications), in three genetically different varieties of sorghum (SSG 59–3, HJ 513 and HJ 541) under Cr toxicity (2 and 4 ppm) was conducted to determine the effect of glycine betaine (50 and 100mM) and Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on the antioxidant system (enzymes viz. superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, glutathione reductase, peroxidase and metabolites viz. glutathione, ascorbate, proline, β-carotene) along with Cr accumulation and indices of oxidative stress parameters (polyphenol oxidase, hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde) at two growth stages (vegetative and grain filling). According to results; Cr stress (2 & 4 ppm) increased its accumulation and indices of oxidative stresses significantly (p≤0.05) in all varieties of sorghum at both growth stages. However, soil application of glycine betaine (GB) and AMF decreased Cr accumulation and indices of oxidative stress by increasing antioxidant enzymes and metabolites activities at both growth stages in all varieties. The combination of 100mM GB with AMF was observed most significant (p≤0.05) in decreasing oxidative stress and improved the antioxidant system’s activities. The SSG 59–3 cultivar showed the lowest Cr accumulation (1.60 and 8.61 ppm), indices of oxidative stress and highest antioxidant system’s activity among these three cultivars at both growth stages. Thus, SSG 59–3 was found most tolerant cultivars followed by HJ 513 and then HJ 541. These findings suggest that both GB and AMF, either individually or combined can play a positive role to reduce oxidative stress and increased antioxidant attributes under Cr toxicity in sorghum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, India
- * E-mail: ,
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20
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Kumar P. Soil applied glycine betaine with Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi reduces chromium uptake and ameliorates chromium toxicity by suppressing the oxidative stress in three genetically different Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) cultivars. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:336. [PMID: 34261429 PMCID: PMC8281485 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03113-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chromium is the most toxic pollutant that negatively affects a plant's metabolic activities and yield. It reduces plant growth by influencing the antioxidant defence system's activities. In the present study, a completely randomized block design experiment with three plants/pot in three replication was conducted on three varieties of sorghum viz. SSG 59-3, HJ 513 (multi-cut) and HJ 541 (single-cut) for amelioration of chromium toxicity (2 & 4 ppm) by exogenous application of GB (50 & 100 mM) with and without AMF in soil. The ameliorative effects were tested at two growth stages viz. vegetative (35 DAS) and grain filling (95 DAS), in terms of Cr uptake, grain yield, antioxidative defence system parameters (viz. enzymes - SOD, APX, CAT, GR, POX and metabolites - proline, glutathione, ascorbate, β-carotene) and indices of oxidative stress parameters (viz. PPO, H2O2, and MDA). RESULTS The results delineated that Cr uptake and indices of oxidative stress were increased with increasing concentration of Cr stress in all the varieties (HJ 541, HJ513 & SSG 59-3) at both the growth stages (35 & 95 DAS). At higher concentration (4 ppm), Cr stress decreased the grain yield (45-50%) as compared with controls. Polyphenoloxidase activity, MDA and H2O2 content increased at both growth stages in all the varieties. However, antioxidative enzymes and metabolite activities increased due to Cr stress but this increase was not sufficient to counteract with ROS generated under Cr stress which was enhanced on the application of AMF and GB either individually or in combination (spiked in soil). It decreased the indices of oxidative stress and ameliorated the Cr toxicity and increased grain yield (65-70%) in all the varieties. CONCLUSIONS Both GB and AMF improved the antioxidative activities and stress tolerance capacity of the plant. Glycine betaine at both 50 and 100 mM level, significantly ameliorated Cr toxicity. However, AMF concomitantly with GB further boosts up the amelioration behaviour of the plant against Cr toxicity, at both growth stages in all the varieties. The combination of 100 mM GB with 10 g AMF was observed most effective among all the treatments. Among the varieties, SSG 59-3 had the lowest chromium uptake, indices of oxidative stress, and highest antioxidative system's activity as compared to HJ 513 followed by HJ 541 variety. Thus AMF and GB either individually or in combination may be used to maintain plant yield attributes under Cr toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, 125004, India.
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21
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Ahmed B, Hijri M. Potential impacts of soil microbiota manipulation on secondary metabolites production in cannabis. J Cannabis Res 2021; 3:25. [PMID: 34217364 PMCID: PMC8254954 DOI: 10.1186/s42238-021-00082-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cannabis growing practices and particularly indoor cultivation conditions have a great influence on the production of cannabinoids. Plant-associated microbes may affect nutrient acquisition by the plant. However, beneficial microbes influencing cannabinoid biosynthesis remain largely unexplored and unexploited in cannabis production. OBJECTIVE To summarize study outcomes on bacterial and fungal communities associated with cannabis using high-throughput sequencing technologies and to uncover microbial interactions, species diversity, and microbial network connections that potentially influence secondary metabolite production in cannabis. MATERIALS AND METHOD A mini review was conducted including recent publications on cannabis and their associated microbiota and secondary metabolite production. RESULTS In this review, we provide an overview of the potential role of the soil microbiome in production of cannabinoids, and discussed that manipulation of cannabis-associated microbiome obtained through soil amendment interventions of diversified microbial communities sourced from natural forest soil could potentially help producers of cannabis to improve yields of cannabinoids and enhance the balance of cannabidiol (CBD) and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) proportions. CONCLUSION Cannabis is one of the oldest cultivated crops in history, grown for food, fiber, and drugs for thousands of years. Extension of genetic variation in cannabis has developed into wide-ranging varieties with various complementary phenotypes and secondary metabolites. For medical or pharmaceutical purposes, the ratio of CBD to THC is key. Therefore, studying soil microbiota associated with cannabis and its potential impact on secondary metabolites production could be useful when selecting microorganisms as bioinoculant agents for enhanced organic cannabinoid production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bulbul Ahmed
- Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale, Université de Montréal, 4101 Sherbrooke Est, Montréal, Québec, H1X 2B2, Canada
| | - Mohamed Hijri
- Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale, Université de Montréal, 4101 Sherbrooke Est, Montréal, Québec, H1X 2B2, Canada.
- African Genome Center, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, 43150, Ben Guerir, Morocco.
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22
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Bisht A, Bhalla S, Kumar A, Kaur J, Garg N. Gene expression analysis for selection and validation of suitable housekeeping gene(s) in cadmium exposed pigeonpea plants inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizae. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 162:592-602. [PMID: 33773234 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The expression stability of six commonly used housekeeping genes (18S rRNA-18S ribosomal RNA, EF1α-elongation factor 1α, ACT1-Actin 1, GAPDH-Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, TUB6-Tubulin/FtsZ family and UBC-Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme) were scrutinized in leaves and roots of Cd stressed pigeonpea plants inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) species- Rhizoglomus intraradices (Ri), Funneliformis mosseae (Fm), Claroideoglomus etunicatum (Ce), C. claroideum (Cc). The stability profile of each gene was assessed using ΔCt, BestKeeper, NormFinder, RefFinder and geNorm algorithmic programs, which ranked different genes as most and least stable according to the tissues analysed. All the statistical algorithms ranked TUB6 as most stable and EF1α least stable housekeeping (HK) genes in both the plant tissues. The selected HK genes were verified using metallothionein (CcMT1) i.e. a stress responsive gene, whose expression altered under conditions of metal stress and AM inoculation. The expression pattern of CcMT1 varied highly when least stable reference gene was used for normalization as compared to most stable gene, under different treatments. Thus, there is a need of selecting suitable reference gene to achieve reliable results in gene expression studies using quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR). The study conducted will help future gene expression analysis in pigeonpea under specific stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Bisht
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh-160014, India
| | - Shyna Bhalla
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh-160014, India
| | - Arbind Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh-160025, India
| | - Jagdeep Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh-160025, India
| | - Neera Garg
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh-160014, India.
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You Y, Wang L, Ju C, Wang G, Ma F, Wang Y, Yang D. Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the growth and toxic element uptake of Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud under zinc/cadmium stress. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 213:112023. [PMID: 33578096 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play an important role in improving plant tolerance and accumulation of zinc (Zn) and cadmium (Cd). The growth, physiology and absorption of elements and transport in Phragmites australis (P. australis) were investigated under Zn and Cd stress to identify the transport mechanisms of toxic trace elements (TE) under the influence of AMF. Thus, AMF were observed to alleviate the toxic effects of Zn and Cd on P. australis by increasing plant biomass and through different regulatory patterns under different TE concentrations. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) increased under Zn stress, and the activities of SOD, catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and APX significantly increased under high concentrations of Cd. AMF differ in their strategies of regulating the transport of different metals under TE stress. Under Zn stress, the concentration of Zn in P. australis decreased by 10-57%, and the effect on Zn translocation factor (TFZn) was concentration-dependent. AMF increased the TFZn under low concentration stress, but decreased under high concentration stress. Under Cd stress, the concentration of Cd increased by as much as 17-40%, and the TFCd decreased. AMF were also found to change the interaction of Zn×Cd. In the absence of AMF, Cd exposure decreased the Zn concentrations in P. australis at Zn100 mg/L and Zn300 mg/L, while it increased the contents of Zn at Zn700 mg/L. The opposite trend was observed following treatment with AMF. However, regardless of the concentration of Cd, the addition of Zn decreased the concentration of Cd in both treatments in both the presence and absence of AMF. Under different TE stress conditions, the regulation of metal elements by AMF in host plants does not follow a single strategy but a trade-off between different trends of transportations. The findings of our study are important for applying AMF-P. australis systems in the phytoremediation of Zn-Cd co-contaminated ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqiang You
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73, Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73, Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chang Ju
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73, Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Gen Wang
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73, Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Ma
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73, Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujiao Wang
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73, Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongguang Yang
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73, Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China
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Park HJ, Kim SU, Jung KY, Lee S, Choi YD, Owens VN, Kumar S, Yun SW, Hong CO. Cadmium phytoavailability from 1976 through 2016: Changes in soil amended with phosphate fertilizer and compost. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 762:143132. [PMID: 33121778 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine cadmium (Cd) accumulation in arable soil, changes in Cd extractability and relevant soil properties, and Cd uptake by rice plants after long-term (50 years) application of phosphate (P) fertilizer and compost. A long-term field experiment was performed with rice crops from 1967 to 2016. Treatments included nitrogen and potassium fertilization (NK), nitrogen, phosphate, and potassium fertilization (NPK), nitrogen, phosphate, and potassium fertilization with compost application (NPK + compost), and control. Total Cd concentration in soil amended with NPK and NPK + compost continuously increased from 110 μg kg-1 up to 232 μg kg-1 from 1976 to 2016 but remained unchanged in control soil and soil amended with only NK. Plant-available Cd concentration in soil increased with year for all treatments, likely as a result of relevant changes in soil chemical properties. Cd concentrations in rice harvested in 2017 treated with NPK or NPK + compost were 212 μg Cd kg-1 and 223 μg Cd kg-1, respectively. These values exceed the maximum permissible level (200 μg Cd kg-1) established by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety of Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jin Park
- Department of Life Science and Environmental Biochemistry, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, South Korea; Department of Agro-food Safety and Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences,166, Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju_Gun, Jeollabuk-do, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Un Kim
- Department of Life Science and Environmental Biochemistry, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, South Korea; Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, South Korea
| | - Ki Yuol Jung
- National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Miryang, 50424, Rep of Korea
| | - Sanghun Lee
- National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Miryang, 50424, Rep of Korea
| | - Young Dae Choi
- National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Miryang, 50424, Rep of Korea
| | - Vance N Owens
- Department of Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA; North Central Regional Sun Grant Center, South Dakota State University, 1015 Campanile Avenue, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Sung Wook Yun
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Wanju, Jeonbuk 54875, South Korea
| | - Chang Oh Hong
- Department of Life Science and Environmental Biochemistry, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, South Korea; Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, South Korea.
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Eun Kang J, Ciampi A, Hijri M. SeSaMe PS Function: Functional Analysis of the Whole Metagenome Sequencing Data of the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi. GENOMICS PROTEOMICS & BIOINFORMATICS 2020; 18:613-623. [PMID: 33346085 PMCID: PMC8377382 DOI: 10.1016/j.gpb.2018.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we introduce a novel bioinformatics program, Spore-associated Symbiotic Microbes Position-specific Function (SeSaMe PS Function), for position-specific functional analysis of short sequences derived from metagenome sequencing data of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. The unique advantage of the program lies in databases created based on genus-specific sequence properties derived from protein secondary structure, namely amino acid usages, codon usages, and codon contexts of 3-codon DNA 9-mers. SeSaMe PS Function searches a query sequence against reference sequence database, identifies 3-codon DNA 9-mers with structural roles, and creates a comparative dataset containing the codon usage biases of the 3-codon DNA 9-mers from 54 bacterial and fungal genera. The program applies correlation principal component analysis in conjunction with K-means clustering method to the comparative dataset. 3-codon DNA 9-mers clustered as a sole member or with only a few members are often structurally and functionally distinctive sites that provide useful insights into important molecular interactions. The program provides a versatile means for studying functions of short sequences from metagenome sequencing and has a wide spectrum of applications. SeSaMe PS Function is freely accessible at www.fungalsesame.org.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee Eun Kang
- Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale, Département de Sciences Biologiques, Université de Montréal, QC H1X 2B2, Canada.
| | - Antonio Ciampi
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A2, Canada
| | - Mohamed Hijri
- Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale, Département de Sciences Biologiques, Université de Montréal, QC H1X 2B2, Canada.
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Lu RR, Hu ZH, Zhang QL, Li YQ, Lin M, Wang XL, Wu XN, Yang JT, Zhang LQ, Jing YX, Peng CL. The effect of Funneliformis mosseae on the plant growth, Cd translocation and accumulation in the new Cd-hyperaccumulator Sphagneticola calendulacea. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 203:110988. [PMID: 32678761 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The screening and identification of hyperaccumulators is the key to the phytoremediation of soils contaminated by heavy metal (HM). Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) can improve plant growth and tolerance to HM; therefore, AMF-assisted phytoextraction has been regarded as a potential technique for the remediation of HM-polluted soils. A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to determine whether Sphagneticola calendulacea is a Cd-hyperaccumulator and to investigate the effect of the AMF-Funneliformis mosseae (FM) on plant growth and on the accumulation, subcellular distribution and chemical form of Cd in S. calendulacea grown in soils supplemented with different Cd levels. At 25, 50 and 100 mg Cd kg-1 level, S. calendulacea showed high Cd tolerance, the translocation factor and the bioconcentration factor exceeded 1, and accumulation of more than 100 mg Cd kg-1 was observed in the aboveground parts of the plant, meeting the requirements for a Cd-hyperaccumulator. Moreover, FM colonization significantly increased both biomasses and Cd concentration in S. calendulacea. After FM inoculation, the Cd concentrations and proportions increased in the cell walls, but exhibited no significant change in the organelles of the shoots. Meanwhile, FM symbiosis contributed to the conversion of Cd from highly toxic chemical forms (extracted by 80% ethanol and deionized water) to less toxic chemical forms (extracted by 1 M NaCl, 2% acetic acid, 0.6 M HCl) of Cd in the shoots. Overall, S. calendulacea is a typical Cd-hyperaccumulator, and FM symbiosis relieved the phytotoxicity of Cd and promoted plant growth and Cd accumulation, and thus greatly increasing the efficiency of phytoextraction for Cd-polluted soil. Our study provides a theoretical basis and application guidance for the remediation of Cd-contaminated soil by the symbiont of S. calendulacea with FM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Rui Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Zun-He Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Qi-Lei Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Yu-Qi Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Min Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Xian-Ling Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Xue-Ni Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Jie-Ting Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Li-Qin Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Yuan-Xiao Jing
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
| | - Chang-Lian Peng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
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Phytoremediation of Cadmium: Physiological, Biochemical, and Molecular Mechanisms. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9070177. [PMID: 32708065 PMCID: PMC7407403 DOI: 10.3390/biology9070177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic metals in the environment, and has noxious effects on plant growth and production. Cd-accumulating plants showed reduced growth and productivity. Therefore, remediation of this non-essential and toxic pollutant is a prerequisite. Plant-based phytoremediation methodology is considered as one a secure, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective approach for toxic metal remediation. Phytoremediating plants transport and accumulate Cd inside their roots, shoots, leaves, and vacuoles. Phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated sites through hyperaccumulator plants proves a ground-breaking and profitable choice to combat the contaminants. Moreover, the efficiency of Cd phytoremediation and Cd bioavailability can be improved by using plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB). Emerging modern molecular technologies have augmented our insight into the metabolic processes involved in Cd tolerance in regular cultivated crops and hyperaccumulator plants. Plants’ development via genetic engineering tools, like enhanced metal uptake, metal transport, Cd accumulation, and the overall Cd tolerance, unlocks new directions for phytoremediation. In this review, we outline the physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms involved in Cd phytoremediation. Further, a focus on the potential of omics and genetic engineering strategies has been documented for the efficient remediation of a Cd-contaminated environment.
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Dagher DJ, Pitre FE, Hijri M. Ectomycorrhizal Fungal Inoculation of Sphaerosporella brunnea Significantly Increased Stem Biomass of Salix miyabeana and Decreased Lead, Tin, and Zinc, Soil Concentrations during the Phytoremediation of an Industrial Landfill. J Fungi (Basel) 2020; 6:E87. [PMID: 32560046 PMCID: PMC7344794 DOI: 10.3390/jof6020087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fast growing, high biomass willows (Salix sp.) have been extensively used for the phytoremediation of trace element-contaminated environments, as they have an extensive root system and they tolerate abiotic stressors such as drought and metal toxicity. Being dual mycorrhizal plants, they can engage single or simultaneous symbiotic associations with both arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi, which can improve overall plant health and growth. The aim of this study was to test the effect of these mycorrhizal fungi on the growth and trace element (TE) extraction potential of willows. A field experiment was carried out where we grew Salix miyabeana clone SX67 on the site of a decommissioned industrial landfill, and inoculated the shrubs with an AM fungus Rhizophagus irregularis, an EM fungus Sphaerosporella brunnea, or a mixture of both. After two growing seasons, the willows inoculated with the EM fungus S. brunnea produced significantly higher biomass. Ba, Cd and Zn were found to be phytoextracted to the aerial plant biomass, where Cd presented the highest bioconcentration factor values in all treatments. Additionally, the plots where the willows received the S. brunnea inoculation showed a significant decrease of Cu, Pb, and Sn soil concentrations. AM fungi inoculation and dual inoculation did not significantly influence biomass production and soil TE levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitri J. Dagher
- Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale, Université de Montréal and Jardin botanique de Montréal, 4101 Sherbrooke est, Montréal, QC H1X 2B2, Canada; (D.J.D.); (F.E.P.)
| | - Frédéric E. Pitre
- Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale, Université de Montréal and Jardin botanique de Montréal, 4101 Sherbrooke est, Montréal, QC H1X 2B2, Canada; (D.J.D.); (F.E.P.)
| | - Mohamed Hijri
- Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale, Université de Montréal and Jardin botanique de Montréal, 4101 Sherbrooke est, Montréal, QC H1X 2B2, Canada; (D.J.D.); (F.E.P.)
- AgroBioSciences, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco
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Lee SJ, Kong M, St-Arnaud M, Hijri M. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Communities of Native Plant Species under High Petroleum Hydrocarbon Contamination Highlights Rhizophagus as a Key Tolerant Genus. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8060872. [PMID: 32526923 PMCID: PMC7356029 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8060872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have been shown to play an important role in increasing plant fitness in harsh conditions. Therefore, AMF are currently considered to be effective partners in phytoremediation. However, AMF communities in high levels of petroleum pollution are still poorly studied. We investigated the community structures of AMF in roots and rhizospheric soils of two plant species, Eleocharis elliptica and Populus tremuloides, growing spontaneously in high petroleum-contaminated sedimentation basins of a former petrochemical plant (91,000 μg/Kg of C10–C50 was recorded in a basin which is 26-fold higher than the threshold of polluted soil in Quebec, Canada). We used a PCR cloning, and sequencing approach, targeting the 18S rRNA gene to identify AMF taxa. The high concentration of petroleum-contamination largely influenced the AMF diversity, which resulted in less than five AMF operational taxonomical units (OTUs) per individual plant at all sites. The OTUs detected belong mainly to the Glomerales, with some from the Diversisporales and Paraglomerales, which were previously reported in high concentrations of metal contamination. Interestingly, we found a strong phylogenetic signal in OTU associations with host plant species identity, biotopes (roots or soils), and contamination concentrations (lowest, intermediate and highest). The genus Rhizophagus was the most dominant taxon representing 74.4% of all sequences analyzed in this study and showed clear association with the highest contamination level. The clear association of Rhizophagus with high contamination levels suggests the importance of the genus for the use of AMF in bioremediation, as well as for the survey of key AMF genes related to petroleum hydrocarbon resistance. By favoring plant fitness and mediating its soil microbial interactions, Rhizophagus spp. could enhance petroleum hydrocarbon pollutant degradation by both plants and their microbiota in contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon-Jae Lee
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland;
| | - Mengxuan Kong
- Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale, Université de Montréal and Jardin Botanique de Montréal, 4101 Sherbrooke est, Montréal, QC H1X 2B2, Canada; (M.K.); (M.S.-A.)
| | - Marc St-Arnaud
- Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale, Université de Montréal and Jardin Botanique de Montréal, 4101 Sherbrooke est, Montréal, QC H1X 2B2, Canada; (M.K.); (M.S.-A.)
| | - Mohamed Hijri
- Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale, Université de Montréal and Jardin Botanique de Montréal, 4101 Sherbrooke est, Montréal, QC H1X 2B2, Canada; (M.K.); (M.S.-A.)
- AgroBioSciences, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660—Hay Moulay Rachid, 43150 Ben Guerir, Morocco
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-514-343-2120
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Zulfiqar U, Farooq M, Hussain S, Maqsood M, Hussain M, Ishfaq M, Ahmad M, Anjum MZ. Lead toxicity in plants: Impacts and remediation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 250:109557. [PMID: 31545179 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is the second most toxic heavy metal after arsenic (As), which has no role in biological systems. Pb toxicity causes a range of damages to plants from germination to yield formation; however, its toxicity is both time and concentration dependent. Its exposure at higher rates disturbs the plant water and nutritional relations and causes oxidative damages to plants. Reduced rate of seed germination and plant growth under stress is mainly due to Pb interference with enzymatic activities, membrane damage and stomatal closure because of induction of absicic acid and negative correlation of Pb with potassium in plants. Pb induced structural changes in photosynthetic apparatus and reduced biosynthesis of chlorophyll pigments cause retardation of carbon metabolism. In this review, the noxious effects of Pb on germination, stand establishment, growth, water relations, nutrient uptake and assimilation, ultra-structural and oxidative damages, carbon metabolism and enzymatic activities in plants are reported. The Pb dynamics in soil rhizosphere and role of remediation strategies i.e. physical, chemical and biological to decontaminate the Pb polluted soils has also been described. Among them, biological strategies, including phytoremediation, microbe-assisted remediation and remediation by organic amendments, are cost effective and environmentally sound remedies for cleaning Pb contaminated soils. Use of organic manures and some agricultural practices have the potential to harvest better crops yield of good quality form Pb contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usman Zulfiqar
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Farooq
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan; Department of Crop Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, PO Box 34, Al-Khoud 123, Oman; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia.
| | - Saddam Hussain
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Maqsood
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Mubshar Hussain
- Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan; Agriculture Discipline, College of Science Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Muhammad Ishfaq
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ahmad
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zohaib Anjum
- Department of Forestry and Range Management, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
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Pierart A, Maes AQ, Dumat C, Sejalon-Delmas N. Vermicompost addition influences symbiotic fungi communities associated with leek cultivated in metal-rich soils. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:20040-20051. [PMID: 30109687 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2803-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In the context of urban agriculture, where soils are frequently contaminated with metal(loid)s (TM), we studied the influence of vermicompost amendments on symbiotic fungal communities associated with plants grown in two metal-rich soils. Leek (Allium porrum L.) plants were grown with or without vermicompost in two metal-rich soils characterized by either geogenic or anthropogenic TM sources, to assess the influence of pollutant origin on soil-plant transfer. Fungal communities associated with the leek roots were identified by high throughput Illumina MiSeq and TM contents were measured using mass spectrometry. Vermicompost addition led to a dramatic change in the fungal community with a loss of diversity in the two tested soils. This effect could partially explain the changes in metal transfer at the soil-AMF-plant interface. Our results suggest being careful while using composts when growing edibles in contaminated soils. More generally, this study highlights the need for further research in the field of fungal communities to refine practical recommendations to gardeners. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Pierart
- Ecotoxicology Lab, Fac. Environmental Science and Biochemistry, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
| | - Arthur QuyManh Maes
- LRSV, Laboratoire de recherche en sciences végétales, Université de Toulouse, UPS, CNRS, 24 chemin de Borderouge, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Camille Dumat
- CERTOP, UMR 5044, CNRS-UT2J-UPS, Maison de la Recherche, Université Toulouse, Toulouse Cedex 9, France
- INP-ENSAT, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Nathalie Sejalon-Delmas
- LRSV, Laboratoire de recherche en sciences végétales, Université de Toulouse, UPS, CNRS, 24 chemin de Borderouge, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
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Motaharpoor Z, Taheri H, Nadian H. Rhizophagus irregularis modulates cadmium uptake, metal transporter, and chelator gene expression in Medicago sativa. MYCORRHIZA 2019; 29:389-395. [PMID: 31218402 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-019-00900-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are considered a potential biotechnological tool for mitigating heavy metal (HM) toxicity. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the impacts of the AM fungus Rhizophagus irregularis on cadmium (Cd) uptake, mycorrhizal colonization, and some plant growth parameters of Medicago sativa (alfalfa) in Cd-polluted soils. In addition, expression of two metal chelators (MsPCS1 (phytochelatin synthase) and MsMT2 (metallothionein)) and two metal transporter genes (MsIRT1 and MsNramp1) was analyzed using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Cd addition had a significant negative effect on mycorrhizal colonization. However, AMF symbiosis promoted the accumulation of biomass under both stressed and unstressed conditions compared with non-mycorrhizal (NM) plants. Results also showed that inoculation with R. irregularis significantly reduced shoot Cd concentration in polluted soils. Transcripts abundance of MsPCS1, MsMT2, MsIRT1, and MsNRAMP1 genes were downregulated compared with NM plants indicating that metal sequestration within hyphal fungi probably made Cd concentration insufficient in root cells for induction of these genes. These results suggest that reduction of shoot Cd concentration in M. sativa colonized by R. irregularis could be a promising strategy for safe production of this plant in Cd-polluted soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Motaharpoor
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran
| | - Hengameh Taheri
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran.
| | - Habibollah Nadian
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran
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Cui G, Ai S, Chen K, Wang X. Arbuscular mycorrhiza augments cadmium tolerance in soybean by altering accumulation and partitioning of nutrient elements, and related gene expression. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 171:231-239. [PMID: 30612010 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.12.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi can protect plants against cadmium (Cd) stress, and are the most prominent symbiotic fungi for contribution to phytoremediation. However, the tolerance mechanism for AM symbiosis on Cd toxicity still remains unclear, especially the related molecular mechanisms. In this study, different Cd treatments were applied to two soybean genotypes with different Cd tolerance in the presence or absence of AM fungal inoculation. The results showed that Cd addition obviously decreased AM colonization. AM symbiosis significantly increased plant dry weight, root growth, and P acquisition in Cd-tolerant HX3 genotype at Cd addition treatments. The effectiveness was associated with a concomitant increased expression of the AM inducible phosphate (Pi) transporter genes GmPT8, GmPT9, GmPT10, and upregulated expression of P-type heavy metal ATPase gene GmHMA19. Additionally, AM fungal inoculation effectively impacted the partitioning of Mg, Cu and Zn, including increased Mg, and decreased Cu and Zn relative concentrations in shoots of Cd tolerant HX3. Taken together, these results suggest that AM symbiosis can alleviate Cd toxicity in soybean through enhanced P nutrition, up-regulated expression of AM inducible GmPTs and GmHMA19, as well as, the alteration of the partitioning of essential nutrient elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangjuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Root Biology Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shaoying Ai
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Kang Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Root Biology Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiurong Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Root Biology Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Shi W, Zhang Y, Chen S, Polle A, Rennenberg H, Luo ZB. Physiological and molecular mechanisms of heavy metal accumulation in nonmycorrhizal versus mycorrhizal plants. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2019; 42:1087-1103. [PMID: 30375657 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Uptake, translocation, detoxification, and sequestration of heavy metals (HMs) are key processes in plants to deal with excess amounts of HM. Under natural conditions, plant roots often establish ecto- and/or arbuscular-mycorrhizae with their fungal partners, thereby altering HM accumulation in host plants. This review considers the progress in understanding the physiological and molecular mechanisms involved in HM accumulation in nonmycorrhizal versus mycorrhizal plants. In nonmycorrhizal plants, HM ions in the cells can be detoxified with the aid of several chelators. Furthermore, HMs can be sequestered in cell walls, vacuoles, and the Golgi apparatus of plants. The uptake and translocation of HMs are mediated by members of ZIPs, NRAMPs, and HMAs, and HM detoxification and sequestration are mainly modulated by members of ABCs and MTPs in nonmycorrhizal plants. Mycorrhizal-induced changes in HM accumulation in plants are mainly due to HM sequestration by fungal partners and improvements in the nutritional and antioxidative status of host plants. Furthermore, mycorrhizal fungi can trigger the differential expression of genes involved in HM accumulation in both partners. Understanding the molecular mechanisms that underlie HM accumulation in mycorrhizal plants is crucial for the utilization of fungi and their host plants to remediate HM-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenguang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Silviculture of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Yuhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Silviculture of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Shaoliang Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Andrea Polle
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, University of Goettingen, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Heinz Rennenberg
- Institute for Forest Sciences, University of Freiburg, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Zhi-Bin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Silviculture of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
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Wang M, Chen S, Han Y, Chen L, Wang D. Responses of soil aggregates and bacterial communities to soil-Pb immobilization induced by biofertilizer. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 220:828-836. [PMID: 30612052 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.12.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate how soil aggregates and bacterial communities responded to soil-lead (Pb) immobilization induced by biofertilizer. Wheat (Triticum spp.) was planted in Pb-polluted soil. The re-distribution of Pb in soil aggregates and change of soil microbial communities due to biofertilizers were believed to be responsible for immobilizing soil Pb and alleviating its phytotoxicity. Adding biofertilizer promoted the formation of large aggregates (0.20-2.0 mm) with more mass loading of Pb, and increased soil bacterial diversity and the abundance of beneficial taxa such as those from the phyla Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Proteobacteria. In addition, there was significant alleviation of Pb availability as indicated by decreases in the values of bioconcentration factors (BCF) (up to 35.7% and 42.3% for roots and shoots, respectively) of wheat and DTPA-extractable Pb in soil (up to 34.4%) receiving fertilizer treatments compared with the CK (no treatment). Similar bacterial community structures and alpha diversities for the biofertilizer treatments and their autoclaved controls were observed, suggesting that physicochemical properties drove the structure of the soil bacterial community. This study introduced a new idea for development of effective strategies to control or reduce soil Pb risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture / Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Shibao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture / Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, PR China.
| | - Yun Han
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture / Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Li Chen
- Institute of Plant Protection and Environmental Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing, 100097, PR China
| | - Duo Wang
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, PR China
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Zhang F, Liu M, Li Y, Che Y, Xiao Y. Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, biochar and cadmium on the yield and element uptake of Medicago sativa. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 655:1150-1158. [PMID: 30577108 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The synergistic effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation and biochar application on plant growth and heavy metal uptake remain unclear. A pot experiment was carried out to investigate the influence of AMF inoculation, biochar and cadmium (Cd) addition on the growth, nutrient and cadmium uptake of Medicago sativa, as well as soil biological and chemical characteristics. In comparison to the non-Cd pollution treatment, Cd addition significantly decreased mycorrhizal colonization, biomass, and N, P, Ca and Mg contents of shoots and roots in the absence of biochar. Biochar amendment did not increase mycorrhizal colonization at either Cd levels. Regardless of the biochar amendment, AMF inoculation significantly promoted contents of N and P in plant shoots grown in the Cd-contaminated soils. Nevertheless, in the presence of Cd pollution, biochar dramatically elevated the biomass and N, P, K and Ca contents of plant tissues in both AMF inoculation treatments. Biochar addition significantly reduced soil DTPA-extracted Cd. The treatments with AMF inoculation and biochar amendment showed the lowest shoot Cd concentrations and contents, highest plant tissue N and P contents in the Cd addition group. These results suggested that combined use of AMF inoculation and biochar amendment had significant synergistic effects not only on nutrient uptake but also on the reduction in cadmium uptake of alfalfa grown in Cd-polluted soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengge Zhang
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Mohan Liu
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Yeye Che
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Yan Xiao
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
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Wang M, Li S, Chen S, Meng N, Li X, Zheng H, Zhao C, Wang D. Manipulation of the rhizosphere bacterial community by biofertilizers is associated with mitigation of cadmium phytotoxicity. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 649:413-421. [PMID: 30176454 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to understand the effect of biofertilizers on cadmium (Cd)-induced phytotoxicity and the rhizosphere bacterial community. The crop specie rice (Oryza sativa L.) was planted in Cd-contaminated soils, and Illumina high-throughput sequencing was performed to investigate how the composition of the rhizosphere bacterial community responded to the addition of biofertilizers. Biofertilizers were effective in alleviating Cd phytotoxicity as indicated by the significant increase in plant biomass (up to 85.2% and 48.4% for roots and shoots, respectively) and decrease in tissue Cd concentration (up to 72.2% in roots) of rice receiving fertilizer treatments compared with the CK (no treatment). These positive effects were likely due to the increase in soil pH, which can be attributed primarily to Cd immobilization, and the promotion of beneficial taxa such as Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Gemmatimonadetes, and Firmicutes. In addition, autoclaved biofertilizers tended to have similar beneficial effects and similar bacterial community alpha diversities as the original biofertilizer treatments. This suggests that the change in soil physicochemical properties by biofertilizer addition might drive the structure of rhizosphere bacterial community, and not the biofertilizer microbes themselves. In both the original and sterilized biofertilizer treatments, the effectiveness in mitigating of Cd phytotoxicity was found to be dependent on the type of biofertilizer applied. Comparatively, the biofertilizer denoted as DY was more effective in mitigating Cd phytotoxicity than others. These results demonstrate that biofertilizer addition could be a promising approach to immobilize soil Cd by manipulating the rhizosphere bacterial community, thus to facilitate plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Shanshan Li
- School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Shibao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China.
| | - Nan Meng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Xiaoyue Li
- School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Han Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Chunmei Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Duo Wang
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, PR China
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Mehmood A, Hussain A, Irshad M, Hamayun M, Iqbal A, Khan N. In vitro production of IAA by endophytic fungus Aspergillus awamori and its growth promoting activities in Zea mays. Symbiosis 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13199-018-0583-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Liu C, Dai Z, Cui M, Lu W, Sun H. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi alleviate boron toxicity in Puccinellia tenuiflora under the combined stresses of salt and drought. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 240:557-565. [PMID: 29758530 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.04.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on boron (B) toxicity in plants under the combined stresses of salt and drought, Puccinellia tenuiflora was grown in the soil with the inoculation of Funneliformis mosseae and Claroideoglomus etunicatum. After three weeks of treatment, the plants were harvested to determine mycorrhizal colonization rates, plant biomass, as well as tissue B, phosphorus, sodium, and potassium concentrations. The results show that the combined stresses reduced mycorrhizal colonization. Mycorrhizal inoculation significantly increased plant biomass while reduced shoot B concentrations. Mycorrhizal inoculation also slightly increased shoot phosphorus and potassium concentrations, and reduced shoot sodium concentrations. F. mosseae and C. etunicatum were able to alleviate the combined stresses of B, salt, and drought. The two fungal species and their combination showed no significant difference in the alleviation of B toxicity. It is inferred that AMF is able to alleviate B toxicity in P. tenuiflora by increasing biomass and reducing tissue B concentrations. The increase in plant phosphorus and potassium, as well as the decrease in sodium accumulation that induced by AMF, can help plant tolerate the combined stresses of salt and drought. Our findings suggest that F. mosseae and C. etunicatum are potential candidates for facilitating the phytoremediation of B-contaminated soils with salt and drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunguang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
| | - Zheng Dai
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Mengying Cui
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Wenkai Lu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Hongwen Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
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Zhang X, Li X, Yang H, Cui Z. Biochemical mechanism of phytoremediation process of lead and cadmium pollution with Mucor circinelloides and Trichoderma asperellum. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 157:21-28. [PMID: 29605641 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This study focused on the bioremediation mechanisms of lead (0, 100, 500, 1000 mg kg-1) and cadmium (0,10,50,100 mg kg-1) contaminated soil using two indigenous fungi selected from mine tailings as the phytostimulation of Arabidopsis thaliana. The two fungal strains were characterized as Mucor circinelloides (MC) and Trichoderma asperellum (TA) by internal transcribed spacer sequencing at the genetic levels. Our research revealed that Cadmium was more toxic to plant growth than lead and meanwhile, MC and TA can strengthen A. thaliana tolerance to cadmium and lead with 40.19-117.50% higher root length and 58.31-154.14% shoot fresh weight of plant compared to non-inoculation. In this study, TA exhibited a higher potential to the inactivation of cadmium; however, MC was more effective in lead passivation. There was a direct correlation between the type of fungi, heavy metal content, heavy metal type and oxidative damage in plant. Both lead and cadmium induced oxidative damage as indicated by increased superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, while the antioxidant levels were significantly higher in fungal inoculated plants compared with those non-inoculated. The analysis of soil enzyme activity and taxonomic richness uncovered that the dominant structures of soil microbial community were altered by exogenous microbial agents. MC enhanced higher microbial diversity and soil enzyme activity than TA. The two indigenous fungi lessened several limiting factors with respect to phytoremediation technology, such as soil chemistry, contamination level and transformation, and metal solubility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250100, China
| | - Xinxin Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250100, China
| | - Huanhuan Yang
- School of Life Science, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250100, China
| | - Zhaojie Cui
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250100, China.
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41
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Zhan F, Li B, Jiang M, Yue X, He Y, Xia Y, Wang Y. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi enhance antioxidant defense in the leaves and the retention of heavy metals in the roots of maize. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:24338-24347. [PMID: 29948717 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2487-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the effects of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) Funneliformis mosseae and Diversispora spurcum on the growth, antioxidant physiology, and uptake of phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), and arsenic (As) by maize (Zea mays L.) grown in heavy metal-polluted soils though a potted plant experiment. F. mosseae significantly increased the plant chlorophyll a content, height, and biomass; decreased the H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents; and enhanced the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities and the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in maize leaves; this effect was not observed with D. spurcum. Both F. mosseae and D. spurcum promoted the retention of heavy metals in roots and increased the uptake of Pb, Zn, Cd, and As, and both fungi restricted heavy metal transfer, resulting in decreased Pb, Zn, and Cd contents in shoots. Therefore, the fungi reduced the translocation factors for heavy metal content (TF) and uptake (TF') in maize. Additionally, F. mosseae promoted P and S uptake by shoots, and D. spurcum increased P and S uptake by roots. Moreover, highly significant negative correlations were found between antioxidant capacity and the H2O2, MDA, and heavy metal contents, and there was a positive correlation with the biomass of maize leaves. These results suggested that AMF alleviated plant toxicity and that this effect was closely related to antioxidant activation in the maize leaves and increased retention of heavy metals in the roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangdong Zhan
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Bo Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Ming Jiang
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Xianrong Yue
- School of Marxism, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Yongmei He
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China.
| | - Yunsheng Xia
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China.
| | - Youshan Wang
- Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resources, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
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Han S, Li X, Amombo E, Fu J, Xie Y. Cadmium Tolerance of Perennial Ryegrass Induced by Aspergillus aculeatus. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1579. [PMID: 30072964 PMCID: PMC6058755 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) pollution is becoming increasingly prevalent, posing a global environmental hazard due to its negative effects on plants growth and human health. Phytoremediation is a green technology that involves uptake of Cd from the soil by a combination of plants and associated microbes. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of Aspergillus aculeatus in perennial ryegrass Cd tolerance. This fungus produced indole-3-acetic acid, siderophores, and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase. Physiological traits including growth rate, turf quality and chlorophyll content were measured to evaluate the physiological responses of perennial ryegrass to Cd stress. These physiological traits were improved after inoculated with A. aculeatus. Inoculation of A. aculeatus actively reduced DTPA-Cd concentration in the soil and Cd translocation to plant shoots. Chlorophyll a fluorescence transient and the C/N ratio in shoots were elevated by A. aculeatus, which implied that the fungus could protect the photosystem II against Cd stress and increase the photosynthetic efficiency. These results suggested that A. aculeatus is beneficial in improving Cd tolerance of perennial ryegrass and reducing Cd-induced injuries, thus, it has promising potential for application of phytostabilization in Cd contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijuan Han
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,Wuhan Botanical Garden, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoning Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,Wuhan Botanical Garden, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, China
| | - Erick Amombo
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,Wuhan Botanical Garden, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, China
| | - Jinmin Fu
- The Institute for Advanced Study in Coastal Ecology, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Yan Xie
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
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Zhang Y, Hu J, Bai J, Wang J, Yin R, Wang J, Lin X. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi alleviate the heavy metal toxicity on sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) plants cultivated on a heavily contaminated field soil at a WEEE-recycling site. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 628-629:282-290. [PMID: 29438937 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
An 8-week pot experiment was conducted to investigate the growth and responses of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) to arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal inoculations on a heavily heavy metal (HM)-contaminated (H) soil and a lightly HM-enriched (L) soil, both of which were collected from a waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE)-recycling site. Compared with the L soil, the H soil induced significantly larger (P<0.05) concentrations of Cd, Cu, Pb, Cr, Zn and Ni in sunflower (except for root Cr and shoot Ni), which impaired the thylakoid lamellar folds in leaves. The biomasses and P concentrations of shoots and roots, as well as the total P acquisitions per pot were all significantly decreased (P<0.05). Both Funneliformis mosseae (Fm) and F. caledonium (Fc) inoculation significantly increased (P<0.05) root mycorrhizal colonization. For the L soil, AM fungal inoculations had no significant effects on the soil-plant system, except for a decrease of soil pH and increases of soil available P and DTPA-extractable Zn concentrations with the Fm-inoculated treatment. For the H soil, however, AM fungal inoculations significantly increased (P<0.05) the biomasses and P concentrations of shoots and roots, as well as the total P acquisitions per pot, and significantly reduced (P<0.05) the concentrations of HMs in shoots (except for Cu and Pb with Fm- and Fc- inoculated treatments, respectively) and alleviated the toxicity symptoms of HMs in thylakoid structure of leaves. AM fungal inoculations in the H soil also significantly increased (P<0.05) the shoot uptake of HMs (except for Cr), and tended to decrease the total concentrations of HMs in soils. This suggests the potential application of AM fungi for both reducing HM stress and promoting phytoextraction of HM-contaminated soils caused by WEEE recycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Joint Open Laboratory of Soil and the Environment, Hong Kong Baptist University & Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Centre for WEEE Recycling, WEEE Research Centre of Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China
| | - Junli Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Joint Open Laboratory of Soil and the Environment, Hong Kong Baptist University & Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Jianfeng Bai
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Centre for WEEE Recycling, WEEE Research Centre of Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China.
| | - Junhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Joint Open Laboratory of Soil and the Environment, Hong Kong Baptist University & Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Rui Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Joint Open Laboratory of Soil and the Environment, Hong Kong Baptist University & Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jingwei Wang
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Centre for WEEE Recycling, WEEE Research Centre of Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China
| | - Xiangui Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Joint Open Laboratory of Soil and the Environment, Hong Kong Baptist University & Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
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Pierart A, Dumat C, Maes AQ, Roux C, Sejalon-Delmas N. Opportunities and risks of biofertilization for leek production in urban areas: Influence on both fungal diversity and human bioaccessibility of inorganic pollutants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 624:1140-1151. [PMID: 29929226 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The influence of biofertilization with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on trace metal and metalloids (TM) - Pb, Cd and Sb - uptake by leek (Allium porrum L.) grown in contaminated soils was investigated. The effect of biofertilization on human bioaccessibility of the TM in the plants was also examined. Leek were cultivated in one soil with geogenic TM sources and one soil with anthropogenic TM, to assess the influence of pollutant origin on soil-plant transfer. Leek were grown for six months on these contaminated soils, with and without a local AMF based biofertilizer. Fungal communities associated with leek roots were identified by high throughput sequencing (illumina Miseq®) metagenomic analysis. The TM compartmentation was studied using electron microscopy in plants tissues. In all the soils, biofertilization generated a loss of diversity favoring the AM fungal species Rhizophagus irregularis, which could explain the observed modification of metal transfer at the soil-AMF-plant interface. The human bioaccessibility of Sb increased in biofertilized treatments. Consequently, this latter result highlights a potential health risk of the use of this fertilization technique on contaminated soil since further field investigation is performed to better understand the mechanisms governing (1) the effect of AMF on TM bioaccessibility and (2) the evolution of AMF communities in contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Camille Dumat
- CERTOP, CNRS-UT2J-UPS, France; INP-ENSAT, Université de Toulouse, France
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Santana NA, Rabuscke CM, Soares VB, Soriani HH, Nicoloso FT, Jacques RJS. Vermicompost dose and mycorrhization determine the efficiency of copper phytoremediation by Canavalia ensiformis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:12663-12677. [PMID: 29468396 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1533-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The phytoremediation of copper (Cu)-contaminated sandy soils can be influenced by the addition of vermicompost to the soil and the mycorrhization of plants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of inoculation with the mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus clarus and the addition of different doses of bovine manure vermicompost on the phytoremediation of a sandy soil with a high Cu content using Canavalia ensiformis. Soil contaminated with 100 mg kg-1 Cu received five doses of vermicompost and was cultivated with C. ensiformis, with and without inoculation with mycorrhizal fungus, and the Cu and nutrients in the soil and soil solution were evaluated. The concentrations of Cu and other nutrients and the biomass and Cu phytotoxicity in the plants were quantified by gauging the photochemical efficiency, concentration of photosynthetic pigments and activity of oxidative stress enzymes. The vermicompost increased the soil pH and nutrient concentrations and reduced the Cu content of the solution. When the vermicompost was applied at a dose equivalent to 80 mg phosphorus (P) kg-1, the phytoextraction efficiency was higher, but the phytostabilization efficiency was higher for vermicompost doses of 10 and 20 mg P kg-1. The presence of mycorrhizal fungi increased Cu phytostabilization, especially at vermicompost doses of 10 and 20 mg P kg-1. The use of vermicompost at low doses and inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi increase the phytostabilization potential of C. ensiformis in sandy soil contaminated by Cu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natielo Almeida Santana
- Department of Soil Science, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, 97119-900, Brazil
| | - Caroline Maria Rabuscke
- Department of Soil Science, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, 97119-900, Brazil
| | - Valdemir Bittencourt Soares
- Department of Soil Science, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, 97119-900, Brazil
| | - Hilda Hildebrand Soriani
- Department of Forest Engineering, Federal University of Santa Maria, Frederico Westphalen, Rio Grande do Sul, 98400-000, Brazil
| | - Fernando Teixeira Nicoloso
- Department of Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, 97105-900, Brazil
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Pereira LS, de Araújo RP, de Oliveira PS, da Silva LD, Alves PAC, Fernandes VF, Gross E. Cadmium induced changes in Solidago chilensis Meyen (Asteraceae) grown on organically fertilized soil with reference to mycorrhizae, metabolism, anatomy and ultrastructure. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 150:76-85. [PMID: 29268118 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Solidago chilensis Meyen (Asteraceae) is a medicinal important plant with few studies on nutrition and metabolism and none information on cadmium phytotoxicity. The objective of this study was to investigate Cd induced responses on the growth and metabolism in S. chilensis and on arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM). The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, consisting of a 5 × 4 factorial with five doses of manure (0, 3.5, 7, 14 and 21gdm-3) and four doses of cadmium (0, 25, 50 and 75mgdm-3) applied to a Dystrophic Ultisol. After 250 days of plant cultivation, biomass, nutrient content, photosynthetic rate, guaiacol peroxidase activity, mycorrhizal colonization, glomalin content, anatomical and ultrastucture were evaluated. Plants were significantly affected by interaction of manure and Cd doses with anatomical, ultrastructural, physiological and nutritional modifications. Manure applied into Cd contaminated soil significantly improved mycorrhizal colonization and glomalin production. The highest organic manure dose (21gdm-3) alleviated toxicity symptoms of Cd on S. chilensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidiane Silva Pereira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia e Biotecnologia de Microorganismos, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilheus, Bahia, Brazil.
| | - Romária Pereira de Araújo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilheus, Bahia, Brazil.
| | - Priscila Souza de Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Produção Vegetal, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilheus, Bahia, Brazil.
| | - Leandro Dias da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Produção Vegetal, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilheus, Bahia, Brazil.
| | - Patricia Alves Casaes Alves
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia e Biotecnologia de Microorganismos, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilheus, Bahia, Brazil.
| | | | - Eduardo Gross
- Departmento de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilheus, Bahia, Brazil.
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Ellouze W, Hamel C, Singh AK, Mishra V, DePauw RM, Knox RE. Abundance of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal taxa associated with the roots and rhizosphere soil of different durum wheat cultivars in the Canadian prairies. Can J Microbiol 2018; 64:527-536. [PMID: 29633625 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2017-0637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the variation in how wheat genotypes shape their arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal communities in a prairie environment is foundational to breeding for enhanced AM fungi-wheat interactions. The AM fungal communities associated with 32 durum wheat genotypes were described by pyrosequencing of amplicons. The experiment was set up at two locations in the Canadian prairies. The intensively managed site was highly dominated by Funneliformis. Genotype influenced the AM fungal community in the rhizosphere soil, but there was no evidence of a differential genotype effect on the AM fungal community of durum wheat roots. The influence of durum wheat genotype on the AM fungal community of the soil was less important at the intensively managed site. Certain durum wheat genotypes, such as Strongfield, Plenty, and CDC Verona, were associated with high abundance of Paraglomus, and Dominikia was undetected in the rhizosphere of the recent cultivars Enterprise, Eurostar, Commander, and Brigade. Genetic variation in the association of durum wheat with AM fungi suggests the possibility of increasing the sustainability of cropping systems through the use of durum wheat genotypes that select highly effective AM fungal taxa residing in the agricultural soils of the Canadian prairies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid Ellouze
- a Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, P.O. Box 1030, 1 Airport Road, Swift Current, SK S9H 3X2, Canada.,b Crop Diversification Centre South, Alberta Agriculture and Forestry, 301 Horticultural Station Road East, Brooks, AB T1R 1E6, Canada
| | - Chantal Hamel
- a Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, P.O. Box 1030, 1 Airport Road, Swift Current, SK S9H 3X2, Canada
| | - Asheesh K Singh
- c Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, 1501 Agronomy Hall, Ames, IA 50011-1010, USA
| | - Vachaspati Mishra
- b Crop Diversification Centre South, Alberta Agriculture and Forestry, 301 Horticultural Station Road East, Brooks, AB T1R 1E6, Canada
| | - Ron M DePauw
- a Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, P.O. Box 1030, 1 Airport Road, Swift Current, SK S9H 3X2, Canada.,d Advancing Wheat Technology, 870 Field Drive, Swift Current, SK S9H 4N5, Canada
| | - Ron E Knox
- a Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, P.O. Box 1030, 1 Airport Road, Swift Current, SK S9H 3X2, Canada
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Li H, Li X, Xiang L, Zhao HM, Li YW, Cai QY, Zhu L, Mo CH, Wong MH. Phytoremediation of soil co-contaminated with Cd and BDE-209 using hyperaccumulator enhanced by AM fungi and surfactant. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 613-614:447-455. [PMID: 28918276 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.09.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Pot experiments were conducted to investigate the uptake and translocation of both Cd and decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) in Solanum nigrum, under the treatments of two arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi [AMF, Funneliformis mosseae (FM) and Rhizophagus intraradices (RI)] and surfactant β-cyclodextrin (β-CD). Results showed that S. nigrum treated with either FM or β-CD significantly elevated shoot biomass and Cd concentrations and contents in shoots. The concentrations of BDE-209 in shoots and the dissipation and debromination efficiencies of BDE-209 in soil were significantly enhanced in S. nigrum treated with β-CD, inoculated with or without AMF. Moreover, significant positive correlations were found between the BDE-209 dissipation efficiency, the BDE-209 concentrations and contents in roots, and the soil enzymatic activities (polyphenol oxidase or dehydrogenase activities) and between the Cd and BDE-209 contents in shoots or roots. Higher concentrations of lower-brominated products and total PBDEs were detected in shoots than in roots suggesting that BDE-209 might be initially absorbed by roots, then translocated to shoots, and then degraded into lower brominated products in shoots. Considering the plant uptake of Cd and BDE-209 and the efficient removal of those chemicals in soils, the combination of S. nigrum and β-CD inoculated with or without AMF may be viable alternatives for phytoremediation of the co-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Xing Li
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Lei Xiang
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Hai Ming Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Yan Wen Li
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Quan Ying Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Li Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Ce Hui Mo
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China.
| | - Ming Hung Wong
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China; Consortium on Environment, Health, Education and Research (CHEER), Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong, PR China.
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Iffis B, St-Arnaud M, Hijri M. Petroleum Contamination and Plant Identity Influence Soil and Root Microbial Communities While AMF Spores Retrieved from the Same Plants Possess Markedly Different Communities. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1381. [PMID: 28848583 PMCID: PMC5550799 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Phytoremediation is a promising in situ green technology based on the use of plants to cleanup soils from organic and inorganic pollutants. Microbes, particularly bacteria and fungi, that closely interact with plant roots play key roles in phytoremediation processes. In polluted soils, the root-associated microbes contribute to alleviation of plant stress, improve nutrient uptake and may either degrade or sequester a large range of soil pollutants. Therefore, improving the efficiency of phytoremediation requires a thorough knowledge of the microbial diversity living in the rhizosphere and in close association with plant roots in both the surface and the endosphere. This study aims to assess fungal ITS and bacterial 16S rRNA gene diversity using high-throughput sequencing in rhizospheric soils and roots of three plant species (Solidago canadensis, Populus balsamifera, and Lycopus europaeus) growing spontaneously in three petroleum hydrocarbon polluted sedimentation basins. Microbial community structures of rhizospheric soils and roots were compared with those of microbes associated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) spores to determine the links between the root and rhizosphere communities and those associated with AMF. Our results showed a difference in OTU richness and community structure composition between soils and roots for both bacteria and fungi. We found that petroleum hydrocarbon pollutant (PHP) concentrations have a significant effect on fungal and bacterial community structures in both soils and roots, whereas plant species identity showed a significant effect only on the roots for bacteria and fungi. Our results also showed that the community composition of bacteria and fungi in soil and roots varied from those associated with AMF spores harvested from the same plants. This let us to speculate that in petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soils, AMF may release chemical compounds by which they recruit beneficial microbes to tolerate or degrade the PHPs present in the soil.
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Li X, Gitau MM, Han S, Fu J, Xie Y. Effects of cadmium-resistant fungi Aspergillus aculeatus on metabolic profiles of bermudagrass [Cynodondactylon (L.)Pers.] under Cd stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2017; 114:38-50. [PMID: 28273510 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Plants' tolerance to heavy metal stress may be induced by the exploitation of microbes. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of cadmium (Cd)-resistant fungus, Aspergillus aculeatus, on tolerance to Cd and alteration of metabolites in bermudagrass under Cd stress, and identify the predominant metabolites associated with Cd tolerance. Two genotypes of bermudagrass with contrasting Cd tolerance (Cd-sensitive 'WB92' and Cd-tolerant 'WB242') were exposed to 0, 50, 150 and 250 mg kg-1 Cd for 21 days. Physiological responses of bermudagrass to Cd stress were evaluated based on the relative growth rate (RGR) and normalized relative transpiration rate (NRT). Plants inoculated with A. aculeatus exhibited higher RGR and NRT under Cd stress than those of non-inoculated plants, regardless of genotypes. A total of 32 Cd-responsive metabolites in leaves and 21 in roots were identified in the two genotypes, including organic acids, amino acids, sugars, and fatty acids and others. Interestingly, under Cd stress, the leaves of inoculated 'WB92' accumulated less citric acid, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, sucrose, galactose, but more sorbose and glucose, while inoculated 'WB242' leaves had less citric acid, malic acid, sucrose, sorbose, but more fructose and glucose, compared to non-inoculated plants. In 'WB92' roots, the A. aculeatus reduced mannose content, but increased trehalose and citric acid content, while in 'WB242', it decreased sucrose, but enhanced citric acid content, compared to Cd regime. The results of this study suggest that A. aculeatus may induce accumulation of different metabolites associated with Cd tolerance in bermudagrass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoning Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Science, Wuhan 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Margaret Mukami Gitau
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Science, Wuhan 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shijuan Han
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Science, Wuhan 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinmin Fu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Science, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Yan Xie
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Science, Wuhan 430074, China.
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