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Wronski ML, Bernardoni F, Bahnsen K, Seidel M, Arold D, Doose A, Steinhäuser JL, Borucki K, Breithaupt L, Lawson EA, Holsen LM, Weidner K, Roessner V, King JA, Plessow F, Ehrlich S. Dynamic Amygdala Nuclei Alterations in Relation to Weight Status in Anorexia Nervosa Are Mediated by Leptin. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024; 63:624-639. [PMID: 37797814 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2023.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The amygdaloid complex is a subcortical limbic group of distinct nuclei. In a previous patient-control study, differential amygdala nuclei alterations were found in acute anorexia nervosa (AN); rostral-medial nuclei involved in fear and reward processing were substantially reduced in volume and associated with hypoleptinemia, a key neuroendocrine characteristic of AN. Here, longitudinal amygdala nuclei alterations in AN were investigated in relation to weight status and their associations with leptin levels. METHOD T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance imaging scans were longitudinally processed with FreeSurfer. Amygdala nuclei volumes in young female patients with acute AN before and after short-term weight restoration (n = 110, >14% body mass index increase over 3 months) and female participants with a history of AN (n = 79, long-term [mean 5 years] weight recovered) were compared with female healthy control participants (n = 271) using linear mixed effects models. RESULTS Rostral-medially clustered amygdala nuclei volumes, accessory basal, cortical, medial nuclei, and corticoamygdaloid transition, increased during short-term weight restoration (Cohen's d range 0.18-0.30). However, volumetric normalization across nuclei was heterogeneous. Right cortical, medial nuclei, bilateral corticoamygdaloid transitions, and anterior amygdaloid areas were only partially normalized following short-term weight restoration. Right anterior amygdaloid area remained reduced after long-term weight recovery compared with control participants (d = 0.36). Leptin increase, accompanying short-term weight restoration, mediated the effect of weight gain on volumetric increase in left corticoamygdaloid transition and bilateral medial nuclei. CONCLUSION Rostral-medially clustered amygdala nuclei show pronounced volumetric increase but incomplete normalization in AN during and after short-term weight restoration. Leptin increase may be relevant for the recovery of specific amygdala nuclei in addition to nutritional rehabilitation, indicating links between amygdala substructure and leptin dynamics of potential pathophysiological and clinical relevance in AN. PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY The amygdala plays a critical role in processing fearful and rewarding stimuli, and alterations in the amygdala are associated with anorexia nervosa. In this study, the authors measured amygdala nuclei volumes in female patients with acute anorexia nervosa undergoing weight-restoration treatment (n = 110), long-term weight-recovered individuals with anorexia (n = 79), and healthy control participants (n = 271). Structural magnetic resonance imaging revealed that volumes of specific nuclei, clustered in the rostral-medial amygdala, were substantially reduced in acute anorexia nervosa and only partially normalized following weight restoration treatment. Residual reductions in volume persisted even after long-term weight-recovery, compared to healthy control participants. Short-term weight restoration was associated with increases in the neurohormone leptin, and increasing leptin levels were found to mediate the positive impact of weight gain on increased amygdala volume over the treatment course. DIVERSITY & INCLUSION STATEMENT We worked to ensure race, ethnic, and/or other types of diversity in the recruitment of human participants. We worked to ensure that the study questionnaires were prepared in an inclusive way. One or more of the authors of this paper received support from a program designed to increase minority representation in science. We actively worked to promote sex and gender balance in our author group. We actively worked to promote inclusion of historically underrepresented racial and/or ethnic groups in science in our author group. While citing references scientifically relevant for this work, we also actively worked to promote sex and gender balance in our reference list. While citing references scientifically relevant for this work, we also actively worked to promote inclusion of historically underrepresented racial and/or ethnic groups in science in our reference list. The author list of this paper includes contributors from the location and/or community where the research was conducted who participated in the data collection, design, analysis, and/or interpretation of the work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Louis Wronski
- Translational Developmental Neuroscience Section, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Fabio Bernardoni
- Translational Developmental Neuroscience Section, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Klaas Bahnsen
- Translational Developmental Neuroscience Section, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Maria Seidel
- Translational Developmental Neuroscience Section, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Dominic Arold
- Translational Developmental Neuroscience Section, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Arne Doose
- Translational Developmental Neuroscience Section, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jonas L Steinhäuser
- Translational Developmental Neuroscience Section, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Katrin Borucki
- Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Lauren Breithaupt
- Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Elizabeth A Lawson
- Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Laura M Holsen
- Division of Women's Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kerstin Weidner
- University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Veit Roessner
- University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Joseph A King
- Translational Developmental Neuroscience Section, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Franziska Plessow
- Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Stefan Ehrlich
- Translational Developmental Neuroscience Section, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany; University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
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Pedra Cruz Bettin B, Urquiza Nogueira L, Bertasso de Araujo PA, Antunes LC. Visual art- and music-based interventions as adjuvants in the treatment of eating disorders: a systematic review and a theoretical model. Arts Health 2024; 16:167-188. [PMID: 37259246 DOI: 10.1080/17533015.2023.2218408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM To assess the effect of visual art- and music-based interventions in the treatment of eating disorders. METHODS This study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020161503). Six databases (CINAHL, EMBASE, Lilacs, PsycINFO, PubMed and The Cochrane Library) were consulted. The searches were performed on 19 June 2019, and updated on 18 March 2022. No restriction on language, date, or publication status was applied. Methodological quality was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute's instruments. All steps were performed by two independent reviewers and a third participated in the event of disagreement. RESULTS Eight studies were included. Few statistically significant results were found. Overall, both interventions might help to reduce negative emotional states. CONCLUSION Visual art- and music-based interventions present limited and inconclusive scientific evidence in patients with eating disorders and therefore their effectiveness is currently unknown. A theoretical model is proposed to guide future research. Further studies are needed to clarify their clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibiana Pedra Cruz Bettin
- Multiprofessional Residency in Family Health, University of Santa Catarina State, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Lauriana Urquiza Nogueira
- Multiprofessional Residency in Family Health, University of Santa Catarina State, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Luciana C Antunes
- Health Sciences Center, Department of Nutrition, Clinical Nutrition Division, Federal University of Santa Catarina, SC, Brazil
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Thomas KS, Jones CRG, Williams MO, Vanderwert RE. Associations between disordered eating, internalizing symptoms, and behavioral and neural correlates of response inhibition in preadolescence. Dev Psychobiol 2024; 66:e22477. [PMID: 38433461 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Response inhibition difficulties are reported in individuals with eating disorders (EDs), anxiety, and depression. Although ED symptoms and internalizing symptoms co-occur in preadolescence, there is limited research examining associations between these symptoms and response inhibition in this age group. This study is the first to investigate the associations between behavioral and neural markers of response inhibition, disordered eating (DE), and internalizing symptoms in a community sample of preadolescents. Forty-eight children (M age = 10.95 years, 56.3% male) completed a Go/NoGo task, whereas electroencephalography was recorded. Self-report measures of DE and internalizing symptoms were collected. Higher levels of anxiety and depression were associated with neural markers of suboptimal response inhibition (attenuated P3NoGo amplitudes) in preadolescence. In contrast, higher levels of depression were associated with greater response inhibition at a behavioral level. These findings suggest internalizing symptoms in preadolescence are associated with P3-indexed difficulties in evaluation and monitoring, but these are not sufficient to disrupt behavioral performance on a response inhibition task. This pattern may reflect engagement of compensatory processes to support task performance. DE was not significantly associated with response inhibition, suggesting that difficulties in response inhibition may only be reliably observed in more chronic and severe DE and ED presentations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai S Thomas
- School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | | | | | - Ross E Vanderwert
- School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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Brewerton TD, Gavidia I, Suro G, Perlman MM. Associations between major depressive and bipolar disorders and eating disorder, PTSD, and comorbid symptom severity in eating disorder patients. EUROPEAN EATING DISORDERS REVIEW 2024; 32:188-200. [PMID: 37788327 DOI: 10.1002/erv.3035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) are commonly comorbid with eating disorders (EDs). However, there is limited data about the clinical features of such patients, especially their association with traumatic histories and PTSD, which occur commonly in patients admitted to residential treatment. METHODS Adults (≥18 years, 91% female, n = 2155) admitted to residential ED treatment were evaluated upon admission for DSM-5 defined MDD and BD. Patients were divided into three groups based on an admission diagnosis of no mood disorder (NMD), MDD, and BD (types I and II) and compared on a number of demographic variables, clinical features and assessments. RESULTS Mood disorders occurred in 76.4% of participants. There were statistically significant differences across groups in most measures with the BD group showing higher rates and doses of traumatic events; higher current PTSD; higher BMIs; higher severity of ED, depression and state-trait anxiety symptoms; worse quality of life; and higher rates of substance use disorders. Similarly, the MDD group had higher rates than the NMD group on most measures. CONCLUSIONS These findings have important implications for prevention, treatment and long-term follow-up and highlight the need for early trauma-focused treatment of ED patients with comorbid mood disorders and PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy D Brewerton
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Timothy D. Brewerton, MD, LLC, Mt. Pleasant, South Carolina, USA
- Monte Nido and Affiliates, Miami, Florida, USA
| | | | - Giulia Suro
- Monte Nido and Affiliates, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Molly M Perlman
- Monte Nido and Affiliates, Miami, Florida, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Florida International University Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
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Hesse S, Rullmann M, Zientek F, Schewe D, Becker GA, Patt M, Meyer PM, Juarascio AS, Frank GKW, Sabri O, Hilbert A. Noradrenergic control of neurobehavior in human binge-eating disorder and obesity (NOBEAD): A smartphone-supported behavioral emotion regulation intervention study protocol integrating molecular brain imaging. Int J Eat Disord 2024; 57:206-220. [PMID: 37941314 DOI: 10.1002/eat.24080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The neurobehavioral underpinnings of binge-eating disorder (BED), co-occurring with obesity (OB), are largely unknown. This research project conceptualizes BED as a disorder with dysfunctional emotion regulation (ER) linked with changes in central noradrenaline (NA) transmission and NA-modulated neuronal networks. METHODS We expect abnormalities in NA activity in both BED and OB, but most pronounced in BED. We expect these abnormalities to be modifiable through state-of-the-art ER intervention, specifically in BED. To assess the role of NA transmission, we will quantify changes in NA transporter (NAT) availability using the highly NAT-specific [11 C]methylreboxetin (MRB) and positron emission tomography-magnetic resonance imaging (PET-MRI) that allows measuring molecular and neuronal changes before and after an ER intervention. Individual 12-session smartphone-supported acceptance-based behavioral therapy will be conducted to improve ER. Thirty individuals with OB and BED (OB + BED), 30 individuals with OB without BED (OB - BED), and 20 individuals with normal weight will undergo assessments of NAT availability and neuronal network activity under rest and stimulated conditions, clinical interviews, self-report questionnaires on eating behavior, ER, mental and physical health, and quality of life, and neuropsychological tests on executive function. Afterwards, in an experimental randomized-controlled design, individuals with OB + BED and OB - BED will be allocated to smartphone-supported ER intervention versus a waitlist and re-assessed after 10 weeks. DISCUSSION By obtaining biological and behavioral markers, the proposed study will disentangle the involvement of NAT and the central NA system in the modulation of emotion-supporting neuronal networks that influence eating behavior. Neurobehavioral mechanisms of change during an ER intervention will be determined. TRIAL REGISTRATION German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS): DRKS00029367. PUBLIC SIGNIFICANCE This study investigates the central noradrenaline system by using hybrid brain imaging in conjunction with emotion regulation as a putative core biological mechanism in individuals with obesity with or without binge-eating disorder that is targeted by emotion regulation intervention. The results will provide a molecular signature beyond functional imaging biomarkers as a predictive biomarker toward precision medicine for tailoring treatments for individuals with binge-eating disorders and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swen Hesse
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center (IFB) Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig University Medical Centre Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Rullmann
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Franziska Zientek
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Danielle Schewe
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center (IFB) Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig University Medical Centre Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Behavioral Medicine Research Unit, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Marianne Patt
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Philipp M Meyer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Guido K W Frank
- University of California San Diego, UCSD Eating Disorder Center, San Diego, California, USA
- Rady Children's Hospital San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Osama Sabri
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anja Hilbert
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center (IFB) Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig University Medical Centre Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Behavioral Medicine Research Unit, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
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Wronski ML, Geisler D, Bernardoni F, Seidel M, Bahnsen K, Doose A, Steinhäuser JL, Gronow F, Böldt LV, Plessow F, Lawson EA, King JA, Roessner V, Ehrlich S. Differential alterations of amygdala nuclei volumes in acutely ill patients with anorexia nervosa and their associations with leptin levels. Psychol Med 2023; 53:6288-6303. [PMID: 36464660 PMCID: PMC10358440 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291722003609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The amygdala is a subcortical limbic structure consisting of histologically and functionally distinct subregions. New automated structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) segmentation tools facilitate the in vivo study of individual amygdala nuclei in clinical populations such as patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) who show symptoms indicative of limbic dysregulation. This study is the first to investigate amygdala nuclei volumes in AN, their relationships with leptin, a key indicator of AN-related neuroendocrine alterations, and further clinical measures. METHODS T1-weighted MRI scans were subsegmented and multi-stage quality controlled using FreeSurfer. Left/right hemispheric amygdala nuclei volumes were cross-sectionally compared between females with AN (n = 168, 12-29 years) and age-matched healthy females (n = 168) applying general linear models. Associations with plasma leptin, body mass index (BMI), illness duration, and psychiatric symptoms were analyzed via robust linear regression. RESULTS Globally, most amygdala nuclei volumes in both hemispheres were reduced in AN v. healthy control participants. Importantly, four specific nuclei (accessory basal, cortical, medial nuclei, corticoamygdaloid transition in the rostral-medial amygdala) showed greater volumetric reduction even relative to reductions of whole amygdala and total subcortical gray matter volumes, whereas basal, lateral, and paralaminar nuclei were less reduced. All rostral-medially clustered nuclei were positively associated with leptin in AN independent of BMI. Amygdala nuclei volumes were not associated with illness duration or psychiatric symptom severity in AN. CONCLUSIONS In AN, amygdala nuclei are altered to different degrees. Severe volume loss in rostral-medially clustered nuclei, collectively involved in olfactory/food-related reward processing, may represent a structural correlate of AN-related symptoms. Hypoleptinemia might be linked to rostral-medial amygdala alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Louis Wronski
- Translational Developmental Neuroscience Section, Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Neuroendocrine Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel Geisler
- Translational Developmental Neuroscience Section, Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Fabio Bernardoni
- Translational Developmental Neuroscience Section, Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Maria Seidel
- Translational Developmental Neuroscience Section, Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Klaas Bahnsen
- Translational Developmental Neuroscience Section, Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Arne Doose
- Translational Developmental Neuroscience Section, Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jonas L. Steinhäuser
- Translational Developmental Neuroscience Section, Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Franziska Gronow
- Translational Developmental Neuroscience Section, Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Luisa V. Böldt
- Translational Developmental Neuroscience Section, Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Franziska Plessow
- Neuroendocrine Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elizabeth A. Lawson
- Neuroendocrine Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joseph A. King
- Translational Developmental Neuroscience Section, Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Veit Roessner
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefan Ehrlich
- Translational Developmental Neuroscience Section, Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Eating Disorder Treatment and Research Center, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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Francesconi M, Flouri E, Harrison A. Decision-making difficulties mediate the association between poor emotion regulation and eating disorder symptoms in adolescence. Psychol Med 2023; 53:3701-3710. [PMID: 35227340 PMCID: PMC10277753 DOI: 10.1017/s003329172200037x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The emergence of eating problems during childhood increases the risk for eating disorders (EDs) during young adulthood. Previous studies highlight a relationship between poor self-regulation and onset of eating pathology. In this study, we investigated whether this association is mediated by decision-making difficulties. METHODS To test this hypothesis, we used data from the Millennium Cohort Study. Decision-making performance was assessed with the Cambridge Gambling Task at age 11. Principal components analysis was used to derive an index of ED symptoms at age 14. The trajectories of scores of two subscales of the Child Social Behaviour Questionnaire, Independence and Self-Regulation (ISR) and Emotional Dysregulation (EmotDy), were modelled from ages 3 to 7 years in a latent growth curve analysis. The individual predicted values of the intercept (set at baseline, 3 years) and the slope (rate of annual change) were then used in the mediation analysis. RESULTS In our sample of 11 303 individuals, there was evidence for mediation by three measures of decision-making at age 11 (poor quality of decision-making, delay aversion and low risk-adjustment) in the association between EmotDy across ages 3-7 and ED symptoms at age 14 even after the adjustment for relevant covariates. We found no evidence of association between ISR and ED symptoms. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that emotion regulation processes during childhood may be relevant for the future onset of ED symptoms via their association with decision-making skills. These findings, obtained from a large, representative, sample, shed light on the relationship between self-regulation, decision-making and symptoms of EDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Francesconi
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Institute of Education, University College London, 25 Woburn Square, London WC1H 0AA, UK
| | - Eirini Flouri
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Institute of Education, University College London, 25 Woburn Square, London WC1H 0AA, UK
| | - Amy Harrison
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Institute of Education, University College London, 25 Woburn Square, London WC1H 0AA, UK
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Li S, Chen J, Gao K, Xu F, Zhang D. Excitatory brain stimulation over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex enhances voluntary distraction in depressed patients. Psychol Med 2023; 53:1-10. [PMID: 36852634 PMCID: PMC10600932 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291723000028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While implicit distraction could ameliorate negative feelings in patients with major depressive disorders (MDD), it remains unclear whether patients could benefit from explicit, voluntary distraction. Meanwhile, though the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is established as a crucial brain region involved in attentional control, the causal relationship between the DLPFC and voluntary distraction is unexplored in patients. METHODS Combing explicit distraction and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), this study investigated whether TMS-activated DLPFC facilitates voluntary distraction in MDD patients. Eighty patients diagnosed with current MDD underwent either active (n = 40) or sham (n = 40) TMS sessions, followed by receiving negative social feedback from other patients, during which they were requied to use distraction strategy to down-regulate their painful feelings. Electroencephalogram was recorded during the task. RESULTS Both the subjective emotional rating and the amplitude of late positive potential showed that depressed patients successfully down-regulate their negative emotions via voluntary distraction, and the TMS-activated left DLPFC produced a larger benefit of emotion regulation compared to the sham TMS group. Results also revealed that while emotion regulation effect was negatively associated with depressive symptoms in the sham TMS group, this correlation was largely diminished when patients' left DLPFC was activated by TMS during the voluntary distraction. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrated that distraction is valuable for emotion regulation in MDD patients and they could be beneficial in voluntary distraction by activating their left DLPFC using neural modulation techniques. This study has valuable implications for clinical treatement of emotional dysregulation in MDD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijin Li
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jingxu Chen
- Psychiatry Research Center, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, 100096, China
| | - Kexiang Gao
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Shenzhen Yingchi Technology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China
- Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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9
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Zhang J, Guan W, Chen X, Zhao Y, Liu P. Automatic emotion regulation prompts response inhibition to angry faces in sub-clinical depression: An ERP study. Biol Psychol 2023; 178:108515. [PMID: 36764597 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2023.108515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
The neurocognitive mechanism by which automatic emotion regulation (AER) affects emotion processing remains understudied in the context of psychopathology, such as depression. Participants with sub-clinical depression and healthy controls were randomly assigned to an emotion regulation priming group or a neutral priming group. All participants completed an emotional Go/No-go task by judging the gender of angry or happy faces. During the Go/No-go task, each trial was preceded by subliminal presentation of words describing emotion regulation goals or neutral goals as a manipulation of priming. The behavioral results showed that compared with neutral priming, subliminal priming of regulation goals increased the accuracy in No-go trials with angry faces only for sub-clinically depressed participants. In the ERP results, the main effect of regulation priming was significant in sub-clinically depressed participants, such that showing subliminal priming of regulation goals decreased the amplitude of N2 compared to the neutral priming. Similarly, for the sub-clinically depressed participants, regulation goal priming evoked smaller P3 in response to angry faces than to happy faces. No such pattern was found in neutral goal priming condition or for healthy controls. According to the automotive model of emotion regulation, once goals or norms related to emotion regulations are formed in the mind, a related regulation response could be activated without awareness. Our results suggest that subliminal priming of regulation goals could change the response inhibition to angry faces in sub-clinically depressed participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China.
| | - Wanyao Guan
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Xinxin Chen
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Yijia Zhao
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Pan Liu
- Department of Psychology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA.
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Ouhmad N, Deperrois R, Combalbert N, El Hage W. The Role of Anxiety and Depression in the Emotion Regulation Strategies of People Suffering from Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. THE JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 157:143-159. [PMID: 36796009 DOI: 10.1080/00223980.2022.2134279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Researchers have explored the links between cognitive emotion regulation, impaired cognitive functioning, and anxiety-depression, including the link to anxiety and depression levels. However, very few studies have examined these dimensions in clinical populations with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). A sample of 183 participants was divided into three groups: 59 trauma-exposed with PTSD, 61 trauma-exposed without PTSD, and 63 non-trauma-exposed non-PTSD (controls). All participants were assessed on the following dimensions: PTSD (PCL-5), cognitive emotion regulation (CERQ), anxiety and depression (HADS). Results indicate a specific profile of emotion regulation associated with PTSD. Compared to other groups, participants with PTSD showed more difficulty managing their emotions, with more rumination, self-blame, and catastrophizing. Moreover, these difficulties were also correlated with levels of anxiety and depression, that is, participants with PTSD who had higher anxiety and depression scores used more maladaptive strategies. The PTSD group used significantly more maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies than the other groups, with distinct profiles related to anxiety and depressive symptomatology.
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11
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Godet A, Fortier A, Bannier E, Coquery N, Val-Laillet D. Interactions between emotions and eating behaviors: Main issues, neuroimaging contributions, and innovative preventive or corrective strategies. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2022; 23:807-831. [PMID: 34984602 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-021-09700-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Emotional eating is commonly defined as the tendency to (over)eat in response to emotion. Insofar as it involves the (over)consumption of high-calorie palatable foods, emotional eating is a maladaptive behavior that can lead to eating disorders, and ultimately to metabolic disorders and obesity. Emotional eating is associated with eating disorder subtypes and with abnormalities in emotion processing at a behavioral level. However, not enough is known about the neural pathways involved in both emotion processing and food intake. In this review, we provide an overview of recent neuroimaging studies, highlighting the brain correlates between emotions and eating behavior that may be involved in emotional eating. Interaction between neural and neuro-endocrine pathways (HPA axis) may be involved. In addition to behavioral interventions, there is a need for a holistic approach encompassing both neural and physiological levels to prevent emotional eating. Based on recent imaging, this review indicates that more attention should be paid to prefrontal areas, the insular and orbitofrontal cortices, and reward pathways, in addition to regions that play a major role in both the cognitive control of emotions and eating behavior. Identifying these brain regions could allow for neuromodulation interventions, including neurofeedback training, which deserves further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambre Godet
- Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer (NuMeCan), INRAE, INSERM, Univ Rennes, St Gilles, France
| | - Alexandra Fortier
- Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer (NuMeCan), INRAE, INSERM, Univ Rennes, St Gilles, France
| | - Elise Bannier
- CRNS, INSERM, IRISA, INRIA, Univ Rennes, Empenn Rennes, France
- Radiology Department, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France
| | - Nicolas Coquery
- Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer (NuMeCan), INRAE, INSERM, Univ Rennes, St Gilles, France
| | - David Val-Laillet
- Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer (NuMeCan), INRAE, INSERM, Univ Rennes, St Gilles, France.
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12
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Zhang Y, Hou F, Cheng J, Chen G, Wang L, Jiang X, Chen R, Shen G. The association between leftover food consumption and depression among older adults: Findings from a cross-sectional study. J Affect Disord 2022; 307:157-162. [PMID: 35390351 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.03.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leftover food consumption is very prevalent among the Chinese older adults, however, the potential effects of leftover eating consumption on depression have not yet been investigated. OBJECTIVES The study aims to determine the association between leftover consumption on depression among older adults. METHODS Data of leftover consumption frequency was collected in a cross-sectional study with a provincial representative sample of 5992 older adults (aged 60 or older) in 2019. Depression symptoms were assessed by the 9-item screener Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Multiple logistic regression models were applied to analyze the association of the frequency of leftover eating consumption and the presence and the severity of depression. RESULTS After controlling for all the covariates, the participants who consume leftover food everyday had higher risk of having depression symptom comparing to those who had the lowest frequency of leftover eating (OR: 1.675, 95% CI: 1.435-1.956, p < 0.001). The participants who consume leftover food every day was also associated with more severe depression symptoms (OR: 1.621, 95% CI: 1.397-1.881, p < 0.001), when comparing to the reference group. The associations seemed stronger in men than women. LIMITATIONS The causal relationship between leftover consumption behavior and depression could not be determined due to the cross-sectional design. Moreover, the variety or handling method of the leftover food was not specified. CONCLUSION Leftovers eating frequency was associated with the presence and severity of depression symptoms among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- School of Health Service Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, PR China
| | - Fangfang Hou
- School of Health Service Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, PR China
| | - Jing Cheng
- School of Health Service Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, PR China
| | - Guimei Chen
- School of Health Service Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, PR China
| | - Li Wang
- School of Health Service Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, PR China.
| | - Ren Chen
- School of Health Service Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, PR China; The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Suzhou 234000, Anhui, PR China.
| | - Guodong Shen
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Gerontology Institute of Anhui Province, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, Anhui, PR China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunotherapy and Nutrition Therapy, Hefei 230001, Anhui, PR China.
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13
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Li J, Liu J, Zhong Y, Wang H, Yan B, Zheng K, Wei L, Lu H, Li B. Causal Interactions Between the Default Mode Network and Central Executive Network in Patients with Major Depression. Neuroscience 2021; 475:93-102. [PMID: 34487819 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Two different but interacting neural systems exist in the human brain: the task positive networks and task negative networks. One of the most important task positive networks is the central executive network (CEN), while the task negative network generally refers to the default mode network (DMN), which usually demonstrates task-induced deactivation. Although previous studies have clearly shown the association of both the CEN and DMN with major depressive disorder (MDD), how the causal interactions between these two networks change in depressed patients remains unclear. In the current study, 99 subjects (43 patients with MDD and 56 healthy controls) were recruited with their resting-state fMRI data collected. After data preprocessing, spectral dynamic causal modeling (spDCM) was used to investigate the causal interactions within and between the DMN and CEN. Group commonalities and differences in causal interaction patterns within and between the CEN and DMN in patients and controls were assessed by a parametric empirical Bayes (PEB) model. Both subject groups demonstrated significant effective connectivity between regions of the CEN and DMN. In particular, we detected inhibitory influences from the CEN to the DMN with node-level PEB analyses, which may help to explain the anticorrelations between these two networks consistently reported in previous studies. Compared with healthy controls, patients with MDD showed increased effective connectivity within the CEN and decreased connectivity from regions of the CEN to DMN, suggesting impaired control of the DMN by the CEN in these patients. These findings might provide new insights into the neural substrates of MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China; School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710071, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Network Center, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Yufang Zhong
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Huaning Wang
- Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Baoyu Yan
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Kaizhong Zheng
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Lei Wei
- Network Center, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Hongbing Lu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
| | - Baojuan Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
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14
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Chen WG, Schloesser D, Arensdorf AM, Simmons JM, Cui C, Valentino R, Gnadt JW, Nielsen L, Hillaire-Clarke CS, Spruance V, Horowitz TS, Vallejo YF, Langevin HM. The Emerging Science of Interoception: Sensing, Integrating, Interpreting, and Regulating Signals within the Self. Trends Neurosci 2021; 44:3-16. [PMID: 33378655 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2020.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 249] [Impact Index Per Article: 83.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Interoception refers to the representation of the internal states of an organism, and includes the processes by which it senses, interprets, integrates, and regulates signals from within itself. This review presents a unified research framework and attempts to offer definitions for key terms to describe the processes involved in interoception. We elaborate on these definitions through illustrative research findings, and provide brief overviews of central aspects of interoception, including the anatomy and function of neural and non-neural pathways, diseases and disorders, manipulations and interventions, and predictive modeling. We conclude with discussions about major research gaps and challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen G Chen
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Dana Schloesser
- Office of Behavioral and Social Sciences Research (OBSSR), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Angela M Arensdorf
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Janine M Simmons
- National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Changhai Cui
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Rita Valentino
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - James W Gnadt
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Lisbeth Nielsen
- National Institute on Aging (NIA), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | - Victoria Spruance
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Todd S Horowitz
- National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yolanda F Vallejo
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Helene M Langevin
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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15
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Puttevils L, Vanderhasselt MA, Horczak P, Vervaet M. Differences in the use of emotion regulation strategies between anorexia and bulimia nervosa: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Compr Psychiatry 2021; 109:152262. [PMID: 34265598 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2021.152262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Research has identified abnormal emotion regulation (ER) as an underlying mechanism in the onset and maintenance of eating disorders. Yet, it still remains unclear whether different forms of ER, adaptive and maladaptive strategies, are similar across categories of eating disorders. METHOD A systematic review and meta-analysis were carried out to look at ER differences between anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN), two common eating disorder pathologies with different eating patterns. RESULTS 41 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The results revealed no differences in the use of maladaptive ER strategies between individuals with AN and BN, however patients with AN tend to use less adaptive ER strategies as compared to patients with BN. CONCLUSIONS Making less use of adaptive strategies in AN might be due to low body weight and high levels of alexithymia which define AN. In order to improve treatment outcome in individuals suffering from AN, these findings suggest to focus more on improving the use of adaptive ER strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Puttevils
- Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, Belgium; Ghent Experimental Psychiatry (GHEP) lab, Belgium.
| | - Marie-Anne Vanderhasselt
- Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, Belgium; Ghent Experimental Psychiatry (GHEP) lab, Belgium; Department of Experimental-Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Paula Horczak
- Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, Belgium; Ghent Experimental Psychiatry (GHEP) lab, Belgium
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16
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Li X, Wang J. Abnormal neural activities in adults and youths with major depressive disorder during emotional processing: a meta-analysis. Brain Imaging Behav 2021; 15:1134-1154. [PMID: 32710330 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-020-00299-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal neural activities during emotional processing have been found in both adults and youths with major depressive disorder. However, findings were inconsistent in each group and cannot be compared to each other. METHODS We first identified neuroimaging experiments that revealed abnormal neural activities during emotional processing in patients with major depressive disorder published from January 1997 to January 2019. Then we conducted voxel-wise meta-analyses on adult and youth patients separately and compared the two age groups using direct meta-comparison. RESULTS Fifty-four studies comprising 1141 patients and 1242 healthy controls were identified. Both adult and youth patients showed abnormal neural activities in anterior cingulate cortex, insula, superior and middle temporal gyrus, and occipital cortex compared to healthy controls. However, hyperactivities in the superior and middle frontal gyrus, amygdala, and hippocampus were only observed in adult patients, while hyperactivity in the striatum was only found in youth patients compared to controls. In addition, compared with youths, adult patients exhibited significantly greater abnormal activities in insula, middle frontal gyrus, and hippocampus, and significantly lower abnormal activities in middle temporal gyrus, middle occipital gyrus, lingual gyrus, and striatum. CONCLUSIONS The common alterations confirmed the negative processing bias in major depressive disorder. Both adult and youth patients were suggested to have disturbed emotional perception, appraisal, and reactivity. However, adult patients might be more subject to the impaired appraisal and reactivity processes, while youth patients were more subject to the impaired perception process. These findings help us understand the progressive pathophysiology of major depressive disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuqian Li
- Department of Applied Psychology, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou, 510006, China.,School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4067, Australia
| | - Junjing Wang
- Department of Applied Psychology, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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17
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Letzen JE, Boissoneault J, Sevel LS, Robinson ME. Altered mesocorticolimbic functional connectivity in chronic low back pain patients at rest and following sad mood induction. Brain Imaging Behav 2021; 14:1118-1129. [PMID: 30877469 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-019-00076-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Depressive symptoms are common among individuals with chronic pain. Previous work suggests that chronic pain patients have difficulty regulating emotional responses, which is a risk factor for the development of major depressive disorder (MDD). Function of the mesocorticolimbic system, a neural network associated with reward processing, contributes to emotion regulation. This network's dysfunction has been described in chronic pain and MDD research and potentially underlies the relationship among emotion dysregulation, chronic pain, and MDD development. Given that mood induction paradigms have been used to measure emotion regulation, the present study examined intrinsic mesocorticolimbic functional connectivity (FC) after induced sad mood in individuals with and without chronic low back pain (cLBP). Thirty-three MDD-free individuals (17 cLBP) underwent resting-state scanning before and after sad memory-evoked mood induction. A Group [cLBP, healthy control (HC)] x Mood (Neutral, Sadness) repeated measures ANCOVA was conducted on seed-based FC data using a mesolimbic a priori region of interest. Interaction effects were identified in the orbital frontal cortex and inferior frontal gyrus [F(2,29) = 21.07, pFDR < .05. hp2 = .5]. Whereas cLBP showed significantly greater FC between these two regions and the mesolimbic seed under neutral mood, FC among these regions increased in HC and decreased in cLBP under sad mood. Exploratory graph theory analyses further describe between-group differences in mesocorticolimbic network properties. Findings support previous literature describing mesocorticolimbic dysfunction in cLBP and demonstrate aberrant function in emotion regulation. Mesocorticolimbic dysfunction during emotion regulation might contribute to the development of certain depressive phenotypes in chronic pain patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janelle E Letzen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, 5510 Nathan Shock Drive, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
| | - Jeff Boissoneault
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Landrew S Sevel
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Michael E Robinson
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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18
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Dal-Pizzol F, de Medeiros GF, Michels M, Mazeraud A, Bozza FA, Ritter C, Sharshar T. What Animal Models Can Tell Us About Long-Term Psychiatric Symptoms in Sepsis Survivors: a Systematic Review. Neurotherapeutics 2021; 18:1393-1413. [PMID: 33410107 PMCID: PMC8423874 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-020-00981-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lower sepsis mortality rates imply that more patients are discharged from the hospital, but sepsis survivors often experience sequelae, such as functional disability, cognitive impairment, and psychiatric morbidity. Nevertheless, the mechanisms underlying these long-term disabilities are not fully understood. Considering the extensive use of animal models in the study of the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric disorders, it seems adopting this approach to improve our knowledge of postseptic psychiatric symptoms is a logical approach. With the purpose of gathering and summarizing the main findings of studies using animal models of sepsis-induced psychiatric symptoms, we performed a systematic review of the literature on this topic. Thus, 140 references were reviewed, and most of the published studies suggested a time-dependent recovery from behavior alterations, despite the fact that some molecular alterations persist in the brain. This review reveals that animal models can be used to understand the mechanisms that underlie anxiety and depression in animals recovering from sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Dal-Pizzol
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, 88806-000 Criciúma, Brazil
| | | | - Monique Michels
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, 88806-000 Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Aurélien Mazeraud
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Fernando Augusto Bozza
- Laboratório de Medicina Intensiva, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas (INI), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), 21040-360 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Ritter
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, 88806-000 Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Tarek Sharshar
- Laboratoire de Neuropathologie Expérimentale, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France
- Department of Neuro-Intensive Care Medicine, Sainte-Anne Hospital, Paris-Descartes University, 75015 Paris, France
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Ebneabbasi A, Mahdipour M, Nejati V, Li M, Liebe T, Colic L, Leutritz AL, Vogel M, Zarei M, Walter M, Tahmasian M. Emotion processing and regulation in major depressive disorder: A 7T resting-state fMRI study. Hum Brain Mapp 2021; 42:797-810. [PMID: 33151031 PMCID: PMC7814754 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunctions in bottom-up emotion processing (EP), as well as top-down emotion regulation (ER) are prominent features in pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). Nonetheless, it is not clear whether EP- and ER-related areas are regionally and/or connectively disturbed in MDD. In addition, it is yet to be known how EP- and ER-related areas are interactively linked to regulatory behavior, and whether this interaction is disrupted in MDD. In our study, regional amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (ALFF) and whole-brain functional connectivity (FC) of meta-analytic-driven EP- and ER-related areas were compared between 32 healthy controls (HC) and 20 MDD patients. Then, we aimed to investigate whether the EP-related areas can predict the ER-related areas and regulatory behavior in both groups. Finally, the brain-behavior correlations between the EP- and ER-related areas and depression severity were assessed. We found that: (a) affective areas are regionally and/or connectively disturbed in MDD; (b) EP-ER interaction seems to be disrupted in MDD; overburden of emotional reactivity in amygdala may inversely affect cognitive control processes in prefrontal cortices, which leads to diminished regulatory actions. (c) Depression severity is correlated with FC of affective areas. Our findings shed new lights on the neural underpinning of affective dysfunctions in depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Ebneabbasi
- Institute of Medical Science and TechnologyShahid Beheshti UniversityTehranIran
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational SciencesShahid Beheshti UniversityTehranIran
| | - Mostafa Mahdipour
- Institute of Medical Science and TechnologyShahid Beheshti UniversityTehranIran
| | - Vahid Nejati
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational SciencesShahid Beheshti UniversityTehranIran
| | - Meng Li
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging LaboratoryOtto von Guericke UniversityMagdeburgGermany
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyJena University HospitalJenaGermany
| | - Thomas Liebe
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging LaboratoryOtto von Guericke UniversityMagdeburgGermany
| | - Lejla Colic
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging LaboratoryOtto von Guericke UniversityMagdeburgGermany
| | - Anna Linda Leutritz
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging LaboratoryOtto von Guericke UniversityMagdeburgGermany
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and PsychotherapyUniversity Hospital, University of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Matthias Vogel
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging LaboratoryOtto von Guericke UniversityMagdeburgGermany
- University Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and PsychotherapyMagdeburgGermany
| | - Mojtaba Zarei
- Institute of Medical Science and TechnologyShahid Beheshti UniversityTehranIran
| | - Martin Walter
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging LaboratoryOtto von Guericke UniversityMagdeburgGermany
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyJena University HospitalJenaGermany
- Leibniz Institute for NeurobiologyMagdeburgGermany
| | - Masoud Tahmasian
- Institute of Medical Science and TechnologyShahid Beheshti UniversityTehranIran
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20
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Cognitive and emotional regulation in adolescents and young women with eating disorders. Eat Weight Disord 2021; 26:375-383. [PMID: 32048237 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-020-00859-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eating disorders (EDs) are associated with a reduced ability to regulate emotion and impulses during the life span. Working memory and executive functions (EFs) are cognitive regulatory systems supported by networks involving the pre-frontal cortex. Studies in EDs found impaired functioning in these domains, showing an association between EDs and the reduced ability to control emotions and impulses. OBJECTIVE To investigate EF in adolescents and young women with eating disorders (ED) using a quasi-experimental design, focusing on cognitive efficiency, emotional regulation (ER) and behavioural outcomes also taking into account pharmacological treatment and duration of illness. METHODS A sample of 151 females belonging to two groups took part in this study. Twenty-six girls and young women (Mage 22;8 years) with ED and 125 typically developed girls and young women (Mage 17;4 years) completed a battery of cognitive tasks (Go-no-go, Stop-signal task, Symmetry span, Reading Span) and the Youth Self-Report and the Difficulties in Emotional Regulation Scale Performance. A series of ANOVA with the Brown-Forsythe test was used to compare the groups. RESULTS Participants with ED and controls did not show significant differences in EF tasks, whereas differences between younger and older participants with ED emerged. Moreover, ER difficulties seem to be associated with mainly internalizing problems in EDs. Further analysis on the full ED sample did not reveal any significant differences associated with the disorder persistence. Considering pharmacological treatment effects over cognitive, emotional and behavioural measures emerged. CONCLUSIONS The present study documented no specific differences in EF between control and participants with EDs, whereas important differences emerged in ER and behavioural outcomes perception in the clinical sample, together with a partial influence of pharmacological treatment. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE No level of evidence.
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21
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He Z, Liu Z, Zhao J, Elliott R, Zhang D. Improving emotion regulation of social exclusion in depression-prone individuals: a tDCS study targeting right VLPFC. Psychol Med 2020; 50:2768-2779. [PMID: 31615594 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291719002915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing evidence has indicated that right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (RVLPFC) is critical in down-regulating emotional responses to social exclusion, and that depression is accompanied by social emotional dysregulation associated with reduced lateral prefrontal engagement. This study used anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to examine whether stimulating RVLPFC could improve emotional down-regulation of social exclusion in individuals with high depressive mood (DM). METHODS A total of 96 high and 94 low DM individuals received active or sham tDCS while viewing social exclusion or individual negative pictures under no-reappraisal (passive viewing) and reappraisal conditions. Participants rate their negative emotional experience following the presentation of each image. Pupil diameter and visual fixation duration were also recorded during the task. RESULTS It was found that tDCS-activated RVLPFC induced a stronger regulation effect on social exclusion than individual negative emotions. The effect of tDCS on regulation of social exclusion was more pronounced in low v. high DM individuals. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate the specific role of RVLPFC on social emotion regulation, which has implications for refining target areas for the treatment of social emotion dysregulation in depression. However the findings do not suggest that high DM individuals benefit from a single-tDCS session on the emotion regulation of social exclusion. Thus we suggest to use multiple tDCS sessions or transcranial magnetic stimulation to further explore the therapeutic proposal in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhong He
- College of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen518060, China
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Science, University of Manchester, ManchesterM13 9PL, UK
| | - Zhenli Liu
- College of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen518060, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- College of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen518060, China
| | - Rebecca Elliott
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Science, University of Manchester, ManchesterM13 9PL, UK
| | - Dandan Zhang
- College of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen518060, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Affective and Social Cognitive Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen518060, China
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Garcia SC, Mikhail ME, Keel PK, Burt SA, Neale MC, Boker S, Klump KL. Increased rates of eating disorders and their symptoms in women with major depressive disorder and anxiety disorders. Int J Eat Disord 2020; 53:1844-1854. [PMID: 32844425 PMCID: PMC7669595 DOI: 10.1002/eat.23366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with eating disorders (EDs) have increased rates of major depressive disorder (MDD) and anxiety disorders. Yet, few studies have investigated rates of EDs and their symptoms in individuals presenting with MDD/anxiety disorders. Identifying potential disordered eating in people with MDD/anxiety disorders is important because even subclinical disordered eating is associated with reduced quality of life, and undiagnosed eating pathology may hinder treatment progress for both MDD/anxiety disorders and comorbid EDs. METHOD We compared rates of EDs (anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge-eating disorder, and other specified feeding and eating disorders) and their symptoms in 130 women with, and 405 women without, lifetime MDD or an anxiety disorder (generalized anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, social phobia, specific phobia, panic disorder, agoraphobia, or post-traumatic stress disorder) recruited from the population-based Michigan State University Twin Registry. Lifetime ED and MDD/anxiety diagnoses, and lifetime clinically significant disordered eating behaviors (e.g., binge eating, excessive exercise) were assessed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID). RESULTS Among participants with lifetime MDD or any anxiety disorder, 13% met criteria for a lifetime ED and 39% reported engaging in at least one lifetime clinically significant disordered eating behavior (e.g., binge eating) on the SCID. In contrast, only 3% of participants without a history of MDD/an anxiety disorder met criteria for a lifetime ED, and only 11% reported lifetime clinically significant disordered eating behavior. DISCUSSION Our findings suggest that women with MDD and anxiety disorders have elevated rates of EDs, and it is therefore imperative to screen for disordered eating in these populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana C. Garcia
- Department of Psychology, John Jay College of Criminal Justice, New York, New York
| | - Megan E. Mikhail
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Pamela K. Keel
- Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida
| | - S. Alexandra Burt
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Michael C. Neale
- Departments of Psychiatry, Human Genetics, and Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Steven Boker
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Kelly L. Klump
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
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King ML, Manzel K, Bruss J, Tranel D. Neural correlates of improvements in personality and behavior following a neurological event. Neuropsychologia 2020; 145:106579. [PMID: 29166593 PMCID: PMC6494695 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 11/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Research on changes in personality and behavior following brain damage has focused largely on negative outcomes, such as increased irritability, moodiness, and social inappropriateness. However, clinical observations suggest that some patients may actually show positive personality and behavioral changes following a neurological event. In the current work, we investigated neuroanatomical correlates of positive personality and behavioral changes following a discrete neurological event (e.g., stroke, benign tumor resection). Patients (N = 97) were rated by a well-known family member or friend on five domains of personality and behavior: social behavior, irascibility, hypo-emotionality, distress, and executive functioning. Ratings were acquired during the chronic epoch of recovery, when psychological status was stabilized. We identified patients who showed positive changes in personality and behavior in one or more domains of functioning. Lesion analyses indicated that positive changes in personality and behavior were most consistently related to damage to the bilateral frontal polar regions and the right anterior dorsolateral prefrontal region. These findings support the conclusion that improvements in personality and behavior can occur after a neurological event, and that such changes have systematic neuroanatomical correlates. Patients who showed positive changes in personality and behavior following a neurological event were rated as having more disturbed functioning prior to the event. Our study may be taken as preliminary evidence that improvements in personality and behavior following a neurological event may involve dampening of (premorbidly) more extreme expressions of emotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcie L King
- University of Iowa, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, W311 Seashore Hall, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
| | - Kenneth Manzel
- University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Department of Neurology, 2007 Roy Carver Pavilion, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Joel Bruss
- University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Department of Neurology, 2007 Roy Carver Pavilion, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, 2007 Roy Carver Pavilion, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Daniel Tranel
- University of Iowa, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, W311 Seashore Hall, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Department of Neurology, 2007 Roy Carver Pavilion, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
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24
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Zhang P, Wu GW, Yu FX, Liu Y, Li MY, Wang Z, Ding HY, Li XS, Wang H, Jin M, Zhang ZY, Zhao PF, Li J, Yang ZH, Lv H, Zhang ZT, Wang ZC. Abnormal Regional Neural Activity and Reorganized Neural Network in Obesity: Evidence from Resting-State fMRI. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2020; 28:1283-1291. [PMID: 32510870 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate regional neural activity and regulation of patterns in the reorganized neural network of obesity and explore the correlation between brain activities and eating behavior. METHODS A total of 23 individuals with obesity and 23 controls with normal weight were enrolled. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data were acquired using 3.0-T MRI. Amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation and functional connectivity (FC) analyses were conducted using Data Processing Assistant for resting-state fMRI and Resting-State fMRI Data Analysis Toolkit (REST). RESULTS The group with obesity showed increased amplitude of low-frequency values in left fusiform gyrus/amygdala, inferior temporal gyrus (ITG), hippocampus/parahippocampal gyrus, and bilateral caudate but decreased values in right superior temporal gyrus. The group with obesity showed increased FC between left caudate and right superior temporal gyrus, left fusiform gyrus/amygdala and left ITG, right caudate and left fusiform gyrus/amygdala, and right caudate and left hippocampus/parahippocampal gyrus. Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire-Emotional scores were positively correlated with FC between left hippocampus/parahippocampal gyrus and right caudate but negatively correlated with FC between left fusiform gyrus/amygdala and left ITG. CONCLUSIONS The study indicated the reorganized neural network presented as a bilateral cross-regulation pattern across hemispheres between reward and various appetite-related functional processing, thus affecting emotional and external eating behavior. These results could provide further evidence for neuropsychological underpinnings of food intake and their neuromodulatory therapeutic potential in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guo-Wei Wu
- School of Language Science and Art, Jiang Su Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Feng-Xia Yu
- Medical Imaging Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University & National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Meng-Yi Li
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University & National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - He-Yu Ding
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Shuai Li
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Jin
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng-Yu Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng-Fei Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng-Han Yang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Han Lv
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhong-Tao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University & National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen-Chang Wang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Concurrent amygdalar and ventromedial prefrontal cortical responses during emotion processing: a meta-analysis of the effects of valence of emotion and passive exposure versus active regulation. Brain Struct Funct 2019; 225:345-363. [PMID: 31863185 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-019-02007-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Anatomically interconnected, the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and amygdala interact in emotion processing. However, no meta-analyses have focused on studies that reported concurrent vmPFC and amygdala activities. With activation likelihood estimation (ALE) we examined 100 experiments that reported concurrent vmPFC and amygdala activities, and distinguished responses to positive vs. negative emotions and to passive exposure to vs. active regulation of emotions. We also investigated whole-brain experiments for other regional activities. ALE and contrast analyses identified convergent anterior and posterior vmPFC response to passive positive and negative emotions, respectively, and a subregion in between to mixed emotions. A smaller area in the posterior ventral vmPFC is specifically involved in regulation of negative emotion. Whereas bilateral amygdala was involved during emotional exposure, only the left amygdala showed convergent activities during active regulation of negative emotions. Whole-brain analysis showed convergent activity in left ventral striatum for passive exposure to positive emotions and downregulation of negative emotions, and in the posterior cingulate cortex and ventral precuneus for passive exposure to negative emotions. These findings highlight contrasting, valence-specific subregional vmPFC as well as other regional responses during passive exposure to emotions. The findings also suggest that hyperactivation of the vmPFC is associated with diminished right amygdala activities during regulation of negative emotions. Together, the findings extend the literature by specifying the roles of subregional vmPFC and amygdala activities in emotion processing.
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Natividade GR, de Araujo C, Fitz RC, Brietzke E, Schestatsky P, Gerchman F. Psychiatric profile and quality of life of subjects with excess weight treated with transcranial direct current stimulation combined with a hypocaloric diet. Nutr Neurosci 2019; 24:919-926. [DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2019.1693319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Richter Natividade
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Science: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Carina de Araujo
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Science: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Raquel Crespo Fitz
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Science: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Elisa Brietzke
- Department of Psychiatry, Queens University School of Medicine, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Pedro Schestatsky
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Fernando Gerchman
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Science: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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27
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Rothschild-Yakar L, Stein D, Goshen D, Shoval G, Yacobi A, Eger G, Kartin B, Gur E. Mentalizing Self and Other and Affect Regulation Patterns in Anorexia and Depression. Front Psychol 2019; 10:2223. [PMID: 31681070 PMCID: PMC6803447 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to examine two constructs: general mentalizing processes and the specific component of affective mentalizing regarding self and others alongside the construct of affect regulation patterns in female adolescent and young adult inpatients with anorexia nervosa (AN; n = 41), depression (n = 20) and controls (n = 53). We further examined the predictive ability of affect regulation to eating-disorder (ED) symptoms beyond that of the mentalizing variables, and their potential role in mediating between mentalizing, depression and ED symptoms. We used tools assessing reflective functioning (RF), complex emotion recognition and theory of mind (ToM), alexithymia, affect regulation, depression, and ED symptoms. The AN and depression groups exhibited lower general mentalizing and higher alexithymia, emotional reactivity, and emotional cutoff patterns than controls, but showed no greater disturbance in ToM. The two clinical groups did not differ on any of these variables. Elevated mentalizing and adequate affect regulation patterns separately predicted lower severity of ED symptoms. Nonetheless, affect regulation did not add to the predictive value of mentalizing variables. Specifically, elevated alexithymia, and depressive symptomatology, but not RF, predicted greater ED symptomatology. Moreover, alexithymia directly accounted for elevated ED symptoms and also indirectly connected with ED symptoms via emotional hyperactivation and elevated depressive symptoms. These findings suggest that deficiencies in mentalization and affect regulation are not unique to AN, but may rather associated with psychopathology in general. Nonetheless, alexithymia and depression may increase ED-related symptomatology. Affect regulation deficiencies are mainly related with depressive symptoms and emotional hyperactivation is indirectly related with AN via the depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lily Rothschild-Yakar
- School of Psychology, The Herta and Paul Amir Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Daniel Stein
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Dor Goshen
- School of Psychology, The Herta and Paul Amir Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Gal Shoval
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Geha Mental Health Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Assaf Yacobi
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
| | - Gilad Eger
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Geha Mental Health Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Bar Kartin
- School of Psychology, The Herta and Paul Amir Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Eitan Gur
- Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
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28
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The role of hormonal, metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers on sleep and appetite in drug free patients with major depression: A systematic review. J Affect Disord 2019; 250:249-259. [PMID: 30870775 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a complex and heterogeneous disorder in which clinical symptoms can widely differ among patients. Neurovegetative symptoms, i.e. decreased or increased appetite, changes in body weight and sleep disturbances, described as 'melancholic' or 'atypical' features of a depressive episode, are the most variable symptoms among patients with MDD. We hypothesized biomarkers differences underlying this neurovegetative variability in major depression. METHODS We systematically reviewed, according to the PRISMA guidelines, the role of specific metabolic, hormonal and inflammatory biomarkers in drug-free MDD patients, that could have neurobiological effects on appetite, weight regulation and circadian rhythms, influencing eating behaviour and sleep patterns. All studies regarding the co-occurrence of disturbed sleep and appetite were examined. RESULTS Besides the well-known leptin and ghrelin, other biomarkers such as BDNF, VEGF, NPY, orexin, and the recent discovered nesfatin-1 seem to be involved in neurovegetative changes in depressive disorders playing a role in the regulation of affective states, stress reactions and sleep patterns. Interestingly, based on the existing evidence, ghrelin, orexin and nesfatin-1 could be linked both to sleep and appetite regulation in depressed patients. LIMITATIONS Heterogeneous studies with low sample size. CONCLUSIONS Despite the wide heterogeneity of results, studies on biomarkers of appetite and sleep in MDD are an interesting field of research to explain the neurobiological substrates of depressive symptoms that deserve further investigation.
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Barreiros AR, Almeida I, Baía BC, Castelo-Branco M. Amygdala Modulation During Emotion Regulation Training With fMRI-Based Neurofeedback. Front Hum Neurosci 2019; 13:89. [PMID: 30971906 PMCID: PMC6444080 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2019.00089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Available evidence suggests that individuals can enhance their ability to modulate brain activity in target regions, within the Emotion Regulation network, using fMRI-based neurofeedback. However, there is no systematic review that investigates the effectiveness of this method on amygdala modulation, a core region within this network. The major goal of this study was to systematically review and analyze the effects of real-time fMRI-Neurofeedback concerning the neuromodulation of the amygdala during Emotion Regulation training. A search was performed in PubMed, Science Direct, and Web of Science with the following key terms: ≪(“neurofeedback” or “neuro feedback” or “neuro-feedback”) and (“emotion regulation”) and (fMRI OR “functional magnetic resonance”),≫ and afterwards two additional searches were performed, replacing the term “emotion regulation” for “amygdala” and “neurofeedback” for “feedback.” Of the 531 identified articles, only 19 articles reported results of amygdala modulation during Emotional Regulation training through rtfMRI-NF, using healthy participants or patients, in original research articles. The results, systematically reviewed here, provide evidence for amygdala's modulation during rtfMRI-NF training, although studies' heterogeneity precluded a quantitative meta-analysis—the included studies relied on different outcome measures to infer the success of neurofeedback intervention. Thus, a qualitative analysis was done instead. We identified critical features influencing inference on the quality of the intervention as: the inclusion of a Practice Run, a Transfer Run and a Control Group in the protocol, and to choose adequate Emotion Regulation strategies—in particular, the effective recall of autobiographic memories. Surprisingly, the Regulated vs. Control Condition was lacking in most of the studies, precluding valid inference of amygdala neuromodulation within Session. The best controlled studies nevertheless showed positive effects. The type of stimulus/interface did not seem critical for amygdala modulation. We also identified potential effects of lateralization of amygdala responses following Up- or Down-Regulation, and the impact of fMRI parameters for data acquisition and analysis. Despite qualitative evidence for amygdala modulation during rtfMRI-NF, there are still important limitations in the design of a clear conceptual framework of NF-training research. Future studies should focus on more homogeneous guidelines concerning design, protocol structure and, particularly, harmonized outcome measures to provide quantitative estimates of neuromodulatory effects in the amygdala.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita Barreiros
- CIBIT, ICNAS-Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health-and CNC.IBILI-Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Inês Almeida
- CIBIT, ICNAS-Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health-and CNC.IBILI-Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Bárbara Correia Baía
- CIBIT, ICNAS-Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health-and CNC.IBILI-Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Miguel Castelo-Branco
- CIBIT, ICNAS-Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health-and CNC.IBILI-Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Coimbra, Portugal
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30
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The role of right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex on social emotional regulation in subclinical depression: An tDCS study. ACTA PSYCHOLOGICA SINICA 2019. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1041.2019.00207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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31
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Sfärlea A, Dehning S, Keller LK, Schulte-Körne G. Alexithymia predicts maladaptive but not adaptive emotion regulation strategies in adolescent girls with anorexia nervosa or depression. J Eat Disord 2019; 7:41. [PMID: 31798880 PMCID: PMC6883686 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-019-0271-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Among adolescent girls, anorexia nervosa (AN) and major depression (MD) are common and often comorbid mental health problems. Both disorders are characterised by difficulties in recognising and verbalising (alexithymia) as well as regulating one's emotions, but research in adolescent patients is scarce and little is known about the relation between alexithymia and difficulties in emotion regulation. The aims of this study were to investigate alexithymia and emotion regulation skills in adolescents with AN, adolescents with MD, and healthy adolescents, and to determine whether alexithymia functions as a predictor for emotion regulation skills. METHODS Emotion regulation strategies, alexithymia, and depressive symptoms were assessed by questionnaire measures in 12-18 year old girls with AN (n = 26), girls with MD (n = 25), and healthy girls (n = 35). Groups were compared with respect to the these variables and multiple regression analyses were calculated separately for adaptive and maladaptive emotion regulation strategies in order to examine if alexithymia predicted emotion regulation over and above age and depressive symptoms. RESULTS Girls with AN or MD both reported using adaptive emotion regulation strategies less frequently and maladaptive emotion regulation skills more frequently as well as higher levels of alexithymia compared to healthy girls. Alexithymia positively predicted maladaptive emotion regulation strategies, while depressive symptoms negatively predicted adaptive emotion regulation strategies. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that different mechanisms may underlie the lack of adaptive and the surplus of maladaptive emotion regulation strategies in adolescent psychiatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca Sfärlea
- 1Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Pettenkoferstr. 8a, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Sandra Dehning
- 1Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Pettenkoferstr. 8a, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Lena Katharina Keller
- 1Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Pettenkoferstr. 8a, 80336 Munich, Germany.,2Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Psychology, LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Gerd Schulte-Körne
- 1Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Pettenkoferstr. 8a, 80336 Munich, Germany
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Visted E, Vøllestad J, Nielsen MB, Schanche E. Emotion Regulation in Current and Remitted Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Psychol 2018; 9:756. [PMID: 29867700 PMCID: PMC5968125 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a highly prevalent, recurrent, and potentially chronic disorder. Identifying risk factors and underlying mechanisms to inform preventive and therapeutic interventions is therefore imperative. Emotion regulation is a proposed factor in the development and maintenance of MDD. The aim of the present review was to summarize and synthesize research on self-reported emotion regulation strategy use and emotion regulation abilities in adults diagnosed with current and remitted MDD. Methods: Seventy-two eligible studies were retrieved from databases through a systematic literature search. Group differences between individuals with current MDD, remitted MDD, and healthy controls were calculated using meta-analytic procedures. Meta-regression analyses investigated potential moderator effects on emotion regulation difficulties. Results: Results indicated that individuals with current MDD report higher maladaptive emotion regulation strategy use for avoidance (Hedges' g = 1.3), rumination (g = 2.1), and suppression (g = 1.1) compared to healthy controls. Also, they reported lower adaptive emotion regulation strategy use for acceptance (g = −1.0), problem solving (g = −1.0), and reappraisal (g = −0.7). Individuals with current MDD reported limited general emotion regulation abilities, indicated by higher alexithymia (g = 1.45), lower emotional awareness (g = −0.95), emotional clarity (g = −1.50) and emotional tolerance (g = −1.89). Similar results were found in individuals with remitted MDD for avoidance (g = 1.0), rumination (g = 1.1), suppression (g = 0.6), and general emotion regulation abilities. However, no difference was found between individuals with remitted MDD and healthy controls for adaptive emotion regulation strategies. Meta-regression analyses suggest that age of illness onset, comorbid anxiety and duration of remission influence emotion regulation. Conclusion: The present review and meta-analysis indicates that individuals with current and remitted MDD have difficulties with emotion regulation compared to individuals who have never been depressed. Although depressive symptoms improve, emotion regulation difficulties may continue, and could be a contributing factor to relapse. Our findings inform future research on emotion regulation and psychotherapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Endre Visted
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jon Vøllestad
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Solli District Psychiatric Centre (DPS), Bergen, Norway
| | - Morten Birkeland Nielsen
- Department of Work Psychology and Physiology, National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Mindfulness Is Associated with the Metabolic Syndrome among Individuals with a Depressive Symptomatology. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10020232. [PMID: 29462979 PMCID: PMC5852808 DOI: 10.3390/nu10020232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a major public health burden. Dispositional mindfulness has recently been associated with eating disorders, being overweight, and could therefore be associated with the MetS. We aimed to examine in a cross-sectional design the relationship between mindfulness, the MetS, and its risk factors in a large sample of the adult general population and the influence of depressive symptomatology on this association. Adults participating in the NutriNet-Santé study who had completed the Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire and attended a clinical and biological examination were available for inclusion. Multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for socio-demographic and lifestyle factors were performed. A total of 17,490 individuals were included. Among individuals with a depressive symptomatology, those with higher mindfulness were less likely to have a MetS (OR: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.57–0.93), a high waist circumference, a low HDL-cholesterol level and an elevated fasting blood glucose level (all p <0.05). In those without depressive symptomatology, individuals with higher mindfulness were less likely to have a high waist circumference (p <0.01). In conclusion, higher mindfulness was associated with lower odds of developing a MetS only among individuals with a depressive symptomatology.
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Steward T, Menchón JM, Jiménez-Murcia S, Soriano-Mas C, Fernández-Aranda F. Neural Network Alterations Across Eating Disorders: A Narrative Review of fMRI Studies. Curr Neuropharmacol 2018; 16:1150-1163. [PMID: 29046154 PMCID: PMC6187750 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x15666171017111532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has provided insight on how neural abnormalities are related to the symptomatology of the eating disorders (EDs): anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and binge eating disorder (BED). More specifically, an increasingly growing number of brain imaging studies has shed light on how functionally connected brain networks contribute not only to disturbed eating behavior, but also to transdiagnostic alterations in body/interoceptive perception, reward processing and executive functioning. METHODS This narrative review aims to summarize recent advances in fMRI studies of patients with EDs by highlighting studies investigating network alterations that are shared across EDs. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Findings on reward processing in both AN and BN patients point to the presence of altered sensitivity to salient food stimuli in striatal regions and to the possibility of hypothalamic inputs being overridden by top-down emotional-cognitive control regions. Additionally, innovative new lines of research suggest that increased activations in fronto-striatal circuits are strongly associated with the maintenance of restrictive eating habits in AN patients. Although significantly fewer studies have been carried out in patients with BN and BED, aberrant neural responses to both food cues and anticipated food receipt appear to occur in these populations. These altered responses, coupled with diminished recruitment of prefrontal cognitive control circuitry, are believed to contribute to the binge eating of palatable foods. Results from functional network connectivity studies are diverse, but findings tend to converge on indicating disrupted resting-state connectivity in executive networks, the default-mode network and the salience network across EDs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Carles Soriano-Mas
- Address correspondence to these authors at the Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBEROBN and CIBERSAM, c/ Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat Barcelona, Spain; Tel: +34 93 260 79 88; Fax: +34 93 260 76 58; E-mails: &
| | - Fernando Fernández-Aranda
- Address correspondence to these authors at the Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, CIBEROBN and CIBERSAM, c/ Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat Barcelona, Spain; Tel: +34 93 260 79 88; Fax: +34 93 260 76 58; E-mails: &
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Mallorquí-Bagué N, Vintró-Alcaraz C, Sánchez I, Riesco N, Agüera Z, Granero R, Jiménez-Múrcia S, Menchón JM, Treasure J, Fernández-Aranda F. Emotion Regulation as a Transdiagnostic Feature Among Eating Disorders: Cross-sectional and Longitudinal Approach. EUROPEAN EATING DISORDERS REVIEW 2017; 26:53-61. [PMID: 29168283 DOI: 10.1002/erv.2570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Emotion regulation (ER) difficulties are observed in eating disorders (EDs). However, few studies have explored ER before and after treatment. The aims are as follows: to explore ER difficulties across ED types and a healthy control (HC) group (Study 1) and to assess pretreatment and post-treatment changes among ED types (Study 2). In Study 1, adult women with EDs (n = 438) and HC (n = 126) completed an assessment including Eating Disorders Inventory-2, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale and Symptom Checklist-90-Revised. Patients in Study 2 (n = 69) were also reassessed after treatment. All ED types reported worse ER compared with HC (p < .001); also, ER differences were found between ED types. Prospective analyses show ER improvements after treatment (p < .001; |d| = 0.51), especially in patients with bulimia nervosa (p < .001; |d| = 1.03; Reliable Change Index = 9.79) with greater improvement in those with a better treatment outcome (p = .034). In conclusion, emotion dysregulation is a part of all forms of EDs. Furthermore, emotional dysregulation can be modified. ED treatments for anorexia nervosa and binge eating disorder might be enhanced by targeting ER skills. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Mallorquí-Bagué
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Spain
| | | | - Isabel Sánchez
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Spain
| | - Nadine Riesco
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Spain
| | - Zaida Agüera
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Spain
| | - Roser Granero
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.,Department of Psychobiology and Methodology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Jiménez-Múrcia
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Spain.,Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - José M Menchón
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.,Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Janet Treasure
- The Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, UK
| | - Fernando Fernández-Aranda
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Spain.,Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Spain
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Molero-Chamizo A, Rivera-Urbina GN. Effects of lesions in different nuclei of the amygdala on conditioned taste aversion. Exp Brain Res 2017; 235:3517-3526. [PMID: 28861596 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-017-5078-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Conditioned taste aversion (CTA) is an adaptive learning that depends on brain mechanisms not completely identified. The amygdala is one of the structures that make up these mechanisms, but the involvement of its nuclei in the acquisition of CTA is unclear. Lesion studies suggest that the basolateral complex of the amygdala, including the basolateral and lateral amygdala, could be involved in CTA. The central amygdala has also been considered as an important nucleus for the acquisition of CTA in some studies. However, to the best of our knowledge, the effect of lesions of the basolateral complex of the amygdala on the acquisition of CTA has not been directly compared with the effect of lesions of the central and medial nuclei of the amygdala. The aim of this study is to compare the effect of lesions of different nuclei of the amygdala (the central and medial amygdala and the basolateral complex) on the acquisition of taste aversion in male Wistar rats. The results indicate that lesions of the basolateral complex of the amygdala reduce the magnitude of the CTA when compared with lesions of the other nuclei and with animals without lesions. These findings suggest that the involvement of the amygdala in the acquisition of CTA seems to depend particularly on the integrity of the basolateral complex of the amygdala.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Molero-Chamizo
- Department of Psychobiology, University of Granada, Campus Cartuja 18071, Granada, Spain. .,Department of Psychology. Psychobiology Area, University of Huelva, Campus El Carmen, 21071, Huelva, Spain.
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Cuijpers P, Gentili C. Psychological treatments are as effective as pharmacotherapies in the treatment of adult depression: a summary from Randomized Clinical Trials and neuroscience evidence. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 20:273. [PMID: 32913741 PMCID: PMC7451304 DOI: 10.4081/ripppo.2017.273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pim Cuijpers
- Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Claudio Gentili
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Italy
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