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Zhang ML, Zhang MN, Chen H, Wang X, Zhao K, Li X, Song X, Tong F. Salvianolic Acid B Alleviates High Glucose-Induced Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Inflammation by Upregulating the miR-486a-5p Expression. Mediators Inflamm 2024; 2024:4121166. [PMID: 38405620 PMCID: PMC10890902 DOI: 10.1155/2024/4121166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The macrovascular complications of diabetes cause high mortality and disability in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The inflammatory response of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) runs through its pathophysiological process. Salvianolic acid B (Sal B) exhibits beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system. However, its role and mechanism in diabetic vascular inflammatory response remain unclear. In this study, we found that Sal B reduced vascular inflammation in diabetic mice and high glucose- (HG-) induced VSMC inflammation. Subsequently, we found that Sal B reduced HG-induced VSMC inflammation by downregulating FOXO1. Furthermore, miR-486a-5p expression was obviously reduced in HG-treated VSMC. Sal B attenuated HG-induced VSMC inflammation by upregulating miR-486a-5p. Loss- and gain-of-function experiments had proven that the transfection of the miR-486a-5p mimic inhibited HG-induced VSMC inflammation whereas that of the miR-486a-5p inhibitor promoted HG-induced VSMC inflammation, thereby leading to the amelioration of vascular inflammation in the diabetic mice. Furthermore, studies had shown that miR-486a-5p inhibited FOXO1 expression by directly targeting its 3'-UTR. In conclusion, Sal B alleviates the inflammatory response of VSMC by upregulating miR-486a-5p and aggravating its inhibition of FOXO1 expression. Sal B exerts a significant anti-inflammatory effect in HG-induced VSMC inflammation by modulating the miR-486a-5p/FOXO1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man-Li Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Man-Na Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Kun Zhao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Xuan Song
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Fei Tong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
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Li T, Zhang S, Li Y, Zhang L, Song W, Chen C, Ruan W. Simultaneous Promotion of Salt Tolerance and Phenolic Acid Biosynthesis in Salvia miltiorrhiza via Overexpression of Arabidopsis MYB12. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15506. [PMID: 37958490 PMCID: PMC10648190 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors play crucial roles in regulating plant abiotic stress responses and physiological metabolic processes, which can be used for plant molecular breeding. In this study, an R2R3-MYB transcription factor gene, AtMYB12, was isolated from Arabidopsis thaliana and introduced into Salvia miltiorrhiza under the regulation of the CaMV35S promoter. The ectopic expression of AtMYB12 resulted in improved salt tolerance in S. miltiorrhiza; transgenic plants showed a more resistant phenotype under high-salinity conditions. Physiological experiments showed that transgenic plants exhibited higher chlorophyll contents, and decreased electrolyte leakage and O2- and H2O2 accumulation when subjected to salt stress. Moreover, the activity of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging enzymes was enhanced in S. miltiorrhiza via the overexpression of AtMYB12, and transgenic plants showed higher superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD) activities compared with those of the wild type (WT) under salt stress, coupled with lower malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. In addition, the amount of salvianolic acid B was significantly elevated in all AtMYB12 transgenic hair roots and transgenic plants, and qRT-PCR analysis revealed that most genes in the phenolic acid biosynthetic pathway were up-regulated. In conclusion, these results demonstrated that AtMYB12 can significantly improve the resistance of plants to salt stress and promote the biosynthesis of phenolic acids by regulating genes involved in the biosynthetic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Chengbin Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (T.L.); (S.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.Z.); (W.S.)
| | - Weibin Ruan
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (T.L.); (S.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.Z.); (W.S.)
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3
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Zhang W, Han L, Wen Y, Su L, Li Y, Luo X. Electroacupuncture reverses endothelial cell death and promotes angiogenesis through the VEGF/Notch signaling pathway after focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Brain Behav 2023; 13:e2912. [PMID: 36786352 PMCID: PMC10013937 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiogenesis is an important mechanism of recovery from ischemic stroke. Recent studies have found that there is a close relationship between the VEGF/Notch pathway and angiogenesis. It is unknown whether EA can exert a brain protection effect and promote angiogenesis by acting on the VEGF/Notch signaling pathway after focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI). METHODS The Middle Cerebral Artery occlusion/Reperfusion (MCAo/R) model was established, in which rats were subjected to occlusion with ischemic intervention for 30 min, followed by reperfusion for 8 h, 1 day, 3 days, and 7 days. The first EA treatment was performed 90 min after the animal model was successfully established, and then EA treatments were performed once a day for 7 days. The 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining and neurological deficit examination were performed to assess the level of CIRI and neuroprotection by EA. Expression levels of VEGFA, Notch1, and Hes1 proteins were measured via western blotting, while the morphological changes of ECs and microvasculature in the cortex were determined using an ultrastructural observation method. RESULTS EA treatment of PC6, GV26, and SP6 can significantly improve the neurological function of MCAO/R rats, reduce the volume of cerebral infarction, and modulate the ultrastructure of ECs and microvessels in pathological states. Western blotting revealed that EA increased VEGFA protein expression at 8 h and 3 days after CIRI, as well as Notch1 protein expression at 1 and 7 days. Subsequently, EA activated the VEGF/Notch pathway, increasing the expression of the downstream target protein Hes1, reversing EC death, and promoting angiogenesis. CONCLUSION Our findings showed that EA plays a role in promoting angiogenesis following focal CIRI, and we hypothesized that this was due to the regulation of ECs by the EA-activated VEGF/Notch signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Zhang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Lin Han
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Wen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lixian Su
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yibing Li
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xudong Luo
- Department of Information Science and Engineering, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
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Li N, Hang W, Shu H, Wen Z, Ceesay BM, Zhou N. Salvianolic Acid Ameliorates Pressure Overload-Induced Cardiac Endothelial Dysfunction via Activating HIF1[Formula: see text]/HSF1/CD31 Pathway. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2022; 50:1869-1885. [PMID: 36121714 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x22500793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Pressure overload is a major risk factor for various cardiovascular diseases. Disorders of the endothelium are involved in the pathological mechanisms of pressure, and maintaining endothelial function is a practical strategy to alleviate pressure overload-induced cardiac injury. In this study, we provided evidence that salvianolic acid, the active component of Danshen, a traditional Chinese herb medicine, preserved pressure overload-induced cardiac dysfunction via protecting endothelium. Male C57BL/6J mice were imposed with transverse aortic constriction to mimic pressure overload and treated with salvianolic acid (200[Formula: see text]mg/kg/day) or vehicle for 6 weeks. The hemodynamic and cardiac functional parameters were detected by the cardiac catheter and transthoracic echocardiography. The pathological measurements were conducted by heart hematoxylin-eosin, wheat germ agglutinin staining, Masson's trichrome staining, and immunofluorescence staining. Endothelial cell (EC) proliferation was estimated using the Cell Counting Kit-8, EC migration was evaluated by scratched assay, and EC integrity was observed by electron microscope. Salvianolic acid notably inhibited cardiac chamber enlargement, restrained cardiac contractile dysfunction, and repressed cardiac fibrosis caused by chronic pressure overload. Salvianolic acid maintained endothelial tight junction integrity by boosting the expression of CD31. Furthermore, the endothelial protective effect of salvianolic acid against pressure overload is dependent on the activation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1[Formula: see text], which consequently activated heat shock factor 1 and promoted CD31 expression. Our study uncovered that salvianolic acid protected cardiac ECs against pressure overload via a HIF1[Formula: see text]/HSF1/CD31 pathway, indicating a potential appliance of salvianolic acid in hypertensive heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
| | - Weijian Hang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
| | - Hongyang Shu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Wen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
| | - Bala Musa Ceesay
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
| | - Ning Zhou
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
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5
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Li X, Guo K, Zhang R, Wang W, Sun H, Yagüe E, Hu Y. Exploration of the Mechanism of Salvianolic Acid for Injection Against Ischemic Stroke: A Research Based on Computational Prediction and Experimental Validation. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:894427. [PMID: 35694259 PMCID: PMC9175744 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.894427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is an acute neurological injury that occurs when a vessel supplying blood to the brain is obstructed, which is a leading cause of death and disability. Salvia miltiorrhiza has been used in the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases for over thousands of years due to its effect activating blood circulation and dissipating blood stasis. However, the herbal preparation is chemically complex and the diversity of potential targets makes difficult to determine its mechanism of action. To gain insight into its mechanism of action, we analyzed “Salvianolic acid for injection” (SAFI), a traditional Chinese herbal medicine with anti-IS effects, using computational systems pharmacology. The potential targets of SAFI, obtained from literature mining and database searches, were compared with IS-associated genes, giving 38 common genes that were related with pathways involved in inflammatory response. This suggests that SAFI might function as an anti-inflammatory agent. Two genes associated with inflammation (PTGS1 and PTGS2), which were inhibited by SAFI, were preliminarily validated in vitro. The results showed that SAFI inhibited PTGS1 and PTGS2 activity in a dose-dependent manner and inhibited the production of prostaglandin E2 induced by lipopolysaccharide in RAW264.7 macrophages and BV-2 microglia. This approach reveals the possible pharmacological mechanism of SAFI acting on IS, and also provides a feasible way to elucidate the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Li
- Cloudphar Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Kaimin Guo
- Cloudphar Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Ruili Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Haihe Education Park, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenjia Wang
- Cloudphar Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - He Sun
- Tasly Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Ernesto Yagüe
- Division of Cancer, Imperial College Faculty of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yunhui Hu
- Cloudphar Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Yunhui Hu,
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6
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Xiang J, Zhang C, Di T, Chen L, Zhao W, Wei L, Zhou S, Wu X, Wang G, Zhang Y. Salvianolic acid B alleviates diabetic endothelial and mitochondrial dysfunction by down-regulating apoptosis and mitophagy of endothelial cells. Bioengineered 2022; 13:3486-3502. [PMID: 35068334 PMCID: PMC8974099 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2026552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xiang
- Monitoring Department, Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Institute of Chronic Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Chunling Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Tietao Di
- Department of Trauma Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Lianggang Wei
- Department of Rheumatology, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Shiyong Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Xueli Wu
- Central Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Gengxin Wang
- Graduate School, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Graduate School, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
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7
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Yang R, Xu B, Yang B, Fu J, Chen H, Wang X. Non-coding RNAs: the extensive and interactive regulators of the blood-brain barrier permeability. RNA Biol 2021; 18:108-116. [PMID: 34241576 PMCID: PMC8677028 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2021.1950465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB), which controls permeability into and out of the nervous system, is a tightly connected, structural, and functional separation between the central nervous system (CNS) and circulating blood. CNS diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, multiple sclerosis, traumatic brain injury, stroke, meningitis, and brain cancers, often develop with the increased BBB permeability and further leads to irreversible CNS injury. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are functional RNA molecules that generally lack the coding abilities but can actively regulate the mRNA expression and function through different mechanisms. Various types of ncRNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs), long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are highly expressed in brain microvascular endothelial cells and are potential mediators of BBB permeability. Here, we summarized the recent research progress on miRNA, lncRNA, and circRNA roles regulating the BBB permeability in different CNS diseases. Understanding how these ncRNAs affect the BBB permeability shall provide important therapeutic insights into the prevention and control of the BBB dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruicheng Yang
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Bojie Xu
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Bo Yang
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jiyang Fu
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Huanchun Chen
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiangru Wang
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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8
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Duan XY, Sun Y, Zhao ZF, Shi YQ, Ma XY, Tao L, Liu MW. Baicalin attenuates LPS-induced alveolar type II epithelial cell A549 injury by attenuation of the FSTL1 signaling pathway via increasing miR-200b-3p expression. Innate Immun 2021; 27:294-312. [PMID: 34000873 PMCID: PMC8186156 DOI: 10.1177/17534259211013887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In China, baicalin is the main active component of Scutellaria baicalensis, which has been used in the treatment of inflammation-related diseases, such as inflammation-induced acute lung injury. However, its specific mechanism remains unclear. This study examined the protective effect of baicalin on LPS-induced inflammation injury of alveolar epithelial cell line A549 and explored its protective mechanism. Compared with the LPS-induced group, the proliferation inhibition rates of alveolar type II epithelial cell line A549 intervened by different concentrations of baicalin decreased significantly, as did the levels of inflammatory factors IL-6, IL-1β, prostaglandin 2 and TNF-α in the supernatant. The expression levels of inflammatory proteins inducible NO synthase (iNOS), NF-κB65, phosphorylated ERK (p-ERK1/2), and phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK1) significantly decreased, as did the protein expression of follistatin-like protein 1 (FSTL1). In contrast, expression of miR-200b-3p significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggested that baicalin could significantly inhibit the expression of inflammation-related proteins and improve LPS-induced inflammatory injury in alveolar type II epithelial cells. The mechanism may be related to the inhibition of ERK/JNK inflammatory pathway activation by increasing the expression of miR-200b-3p. Thus, FSTL1 is the regulatory target of miR-200b-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Ya Duan
- Department of Tuberculosis Diseases, Third People's Hospital of Kunming City, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Nephrology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, China
| | - Zhu-Feng Zhao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, China
| | - Yao-Qing Shi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, China
| | - Xun-Yan Ma
- Department of Emergency Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, China
| | - Li Tao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, China
| | - Ming-Wei Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, China
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9
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Zhou Z, Li Q, Xiao L, Wang Y, Feng J, Bu Q, Xiao Y, Hao K, Guo M, Chen W, Zhang L. Multiplexed CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Knockout of Laccase Genes in Salvia miltiorrhiza Revealed Their Roles in Growth, Development, and Metabolism. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:647768. [PMID: 33815454 PMCID: PMC8014014 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.647768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Laccases are multicopper-containing glycoproteins related to monolignol oxidation and polymerization. These properties indicate that laccases may be involved in the formation of important medicinal phenolic acid compounds in Salvia miltiorrhiza such as salvianolic acid B (SAB), which is used for cardiovascular disease treatment. To date, 29 laccases have been found in S. miltiorrhiza (SmLACs), and some of which (SmLAC7 and SmLAC20) have been reported to influence the synthesis of phenolic acids. Because of the functional redundancy of laccase genes, their roles in S. miltiorrhiza are poorly understood. In this study, the CRISPR/Cas9 system was used for targeting conserved domains to knockout multiple genes of laccase family in S. miltiorrhiza. The expressions of target laccase genes as well as the phenolic acid biosynthesis key genes decrease dramatically in editing lines. Additionally, the growth and development of hairy roots was significantly retarded in the gene-edited lines. The cross-sections examination of laccase mutant hairy roots showed that the root development was abnormal and the xylem cells in the edited lines became larger and looser than those in the wild type. Additionally, the accumulation of RA as well as SAB was decreased, and the lignin content was nearly undetectable. It suggested that SmLACs play key roles in development and lignin formation in the root of S. miltiorrhiza and they are necessary for phenolic acids biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Xiao
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Biomedical Innovation R&D Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingxian Feng
- Research and Development Center of Chinese Medicine Resources and Biotechnology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qitao Bu
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Research and Development Center of Chinese Medicine Resources and Biotechnology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Hao
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meili Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Meili Guo,
| | - Wansheng Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Research and Development Center of Chinese Medicine Resources and Biotechnology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Wansheng Chen,
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Biomedical Innovation R&D Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, China
- Lei Zhang,
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10
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Nuclear heme oxygenase-1 improved the hypoxia-mediated dysfunction of blood-spinal cord barrier via the miR-181c-5p/SOX5 signaling pathway. Neuroreport 2020; 32:112-120. [PMID: 33290309 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Our previous study demonstrated that adenovirus-delivered GFP nuclear heme oxygenase-1 (nuclear HO-1, NHO-1) fragments lacking 23 amino acids at the C-terminus (Ad-GFP-HO-1C[INCREMENT]23) showed the potential therapeutic effects mediated by its improvement of the blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) integrity. However, the NHO-1-mediated molecular mechanism in regulating the BSCB function remains unclear. The BSCB model in vitro was established via a coculture of primary rat brain microvascular endothelial cells (RBMECs) and spinal cord astrocytes on transwell system. NHO-1 markedly reduced the disruption of the BSCB integrity induced by hypoxia. And NHO-1 significantly attenuated the expression of miR-181c-5p, but increased the expression level of SOX5 protein. miR-181c-5p was shown as an essential miRNA for increasing the BSCB permeability under hypoxia condition. Furthermore, we identified that miR-181c-5p could regulate the expression of SOX5 through binding to the 3'-UTR of its mRNA. And the decreased BSCB permeability and upregulation of tight junction (TJ) protein expression induced by NHO-1 could be partly reversed by the inhibition of SOX5 or miR-181c-5p (+). The present study results provide a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms induced by NHO-1 in improving the BSCB integrity, which is associated with the regulation of miR-181c-5p/SOX5/TJ signaling pathway.
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11
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Yoon N, Kim S, Sung HK, Dang TQ, Jeon JS, Sweeney G. Use of 2-dimensional cell monolayers and 3-dimensional microvascular networks on microfluidic devices shows that iron increases transendothelial adiponectin flux via inducing ROS production. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2020; 1865:129796. [PMID: 33212230 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2020.129796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron excess is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and it is important to understand the effect of iron on vascular permeability, particularly for the transport of large metabolic hormones such as adiponectin. METHODS We used 2-dimensional monolayers of cultured human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMEC) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) as well as 3-dimensional microvascular networks to measure transendothelial flux. RESULTS Iron supplementation reduced transendothelial electric resistance (TEER). Flux analysis indicated that under control conditions permeability of 70 kDa dextran and oligomeric forms of adiponectin were restricted in comparison with a 3 kDa dextran, however upon iron treatment permeability of the larger molecules was increased. The increased permeability and size-dependent trans-endothelial movement in response to iron was also observed in 3-dimensional microvascular networks. Mechanistically, the alteration in barrier functionality was associated with increased oxidative stress in response to iron since alterations in TEER and permeability were rescued when reactive oxygen species production was attenuated by pre-treatment with the antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine.]. CONCLUSIONS Iron supplementation induced ROS production resulting in increased transendothelial permeability. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Altogether, this suggests that the oxidative stress associated with iron excess could play an important role in the regulation of endothelial functionality, controlling hormone action in peripheral tissues by regulating the first rate-limiting step controlling hormone access to target tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanyoung Yoon
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Seunggyu Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Thanh Q Dang
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jessie S Jeon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Gary Sweeney
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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12
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Xiao Z, Liu W, Mu YP, Zhang H, Wang XN, Zhao CQ, Chen JM, Liu P. Pharmacological Effects of Salvianolic Acid B Against Oxidative Damage. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:572373. [PMID: 33343348 PMCID: PMC7741185 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.572373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Salvianolic acid B (Sal B) is one of the main active ingredients of Salvia miltiorrhiza, with strong antioxidant effects. Recent findings have shown that Sal B has anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-fibrotic effects and can promote stem cell proliferation and differentiation, and has a beneficial effect on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, aging, and liver fibrosis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) include oxygen free radicals and oxygen-containing non-free radicals. ROS can regulate cell proliferation, survival, death and differentiation to regulate inflammation, and immunity, while Sal B can scavenge oxygen free radicals by providing hydrogen atoms and reduce the production of oxygen free radicals and oxygen-containing non-radicals by regulating the expression of antioxidant enzymes. The many pharmacological effects of Sal B may be closely related to its elimination and inhibition of ROS generation, and Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2/Kelch-like ECH-related protein 1 may be the core link in its regulation of the expression of antioxidant enzyme to exert its antioxidant effect. What is confusing and interesting is that Sal B exhibits the opposite mechanisms in tumors. To clarify the specific target of Sal B and the correlation between its regulation of oxidative stress and energy metabolism homeostasis will help to further understand its role in different pathological conditions, and provide a scientific basis for its further clinical application and new drug development. Although Sal B has broad prospects in clinical application due to its extensive pharmacological effects, the low bioavailability is a serious obstacle to further improving its efficacy in vivo and promoting clinical application. Therefore, how to improve the availability of Sal B in vivo requires the joint efforts of many interdisciplinary subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhun Xiao
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong-Ping Mu
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Ning Wang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang-Qing Zhao
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Mei Chen
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Liver Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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13
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Yang MY, Fan Z, Zhang Z, Fan J. MitoQ protects against high glucose-induced brain microvascular endothelial cells injury via the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. J Pharmacol Sci 2020; 145:105-114. [PMID: 33357768 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2020.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) dysfunction is related to the pathogenesis of neurovascular complication of diabetes mellitus that adversely lead to various CNS disorders. Mitoquinone (MitoQ) is a mitochondria targeted antioxidant that exerts multiple protective effects in many oxidative damage-related diseases. In this study, we determined the protective effects of MitoQ on high glucose (HG)-induced BMECs injury and investigated the underlying mechanism. We found that HG significantly reduced the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, increased intracellular and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, induced cytoskeletal damage and apoptosis in BMECs. In addition, Mito tempol, a mitochondrial ROS scavenger, significantly reduced HG-induced mitochondrial ROS production and attenuated cytoskeletal damage and cell apoptosis, suggesting MtROS production was involved in HG-induced BMECs injury. Moreover, we found that MitoQ treatment significantly upregulated the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 in HG-induced BMECs, which is accompanied by improved mitochondrial membrane potential and decreased MtROS production. Meanwhile, MitoQ treatment also remarkably attenuated HG-induced cytoskeletal damage and cell apoptosis in BMECs. However, inhibitor of Nrf2 with ML385 impaired the protective effects of MitoQ in HG-induced BMECs. In conclusion, our results suggest that MitoQ exerts protective effect on HG-induced BMECs injury via activating Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Yan Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhen Fan
- Department of Geriatrics, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jin Fan
- Department of Neurology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chendu, Sichuan, China.
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14
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Carbonell T, Gomes AV. MicroRNAs in the regulation of cellular redox status and its implications in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Redox Biol 2020; 36:101607. [PMID: 32593128 PMCID: PMC7322687 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNAs that do not encode for proteins and play key roles in the regulation of gene expression. miRNAs are involved in a comprehensive range of biological processes such as cell cycle control, apoptosis, and several developmental and physiological processes. Oxidative stress can affect the expression levels of multiple miRNAs and, conversely, miRNAs may regulate the expression of redox sensors, alter critical components of the cellular antioxidants, interact with the proteasome, and affect DNA repair systems. The number of publications identifying redox-sensitive miRNAs has increased significantly over the last few years, and some miRNA targets such as Nrf2, SIRT1 and NF-κB have been identified. The complex interplay between miRNAs and ROS is discussed together with their role in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury and the potential use of circulating miRNAs as biomarkers of myocardial infarction. Detailed knowledge of redox-sensitive miRNAs is needed to be able to effectively use individual compounds or sets of miRNA-modulating compounds to improve the health-related outcomes associated with different diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Carbonell
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Barcelona, Avda Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Aldrin V Gomes
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California, Davis, 176 Briggs Hall, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA; Department of Physiology, Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Davis, 176 Briggs Hall, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
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15
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Li CL, Liu B, Wang ZY, Xie F, Qiao W, Cheng J, Kuang JY, Wang Y, Zhang MX, Liu DS. Salvianolic acid B improves myocardial function in diabetic cardiomyopathy by suppressing IGFBP3. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2020; 139:98-112. [PMID: 31982427 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2020.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salvianolic acid B (Sal B) is the representative component of phenolic acids derived from the dried root and rhizome of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. (Labiatae), which has been widely used for the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. However, the effect of Sal B on diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is still unclear. METHODS Type 1 diabetes mellitus was induced in C57BL/6 J mice by streptozotocin (STZ) treatment, whereas meanwhile Salvianolic Acid B (Sal B (15 or 30 mg/kg/d) was intraperitoneally injected for 16 weeks. At the end of this period, cardiac function was assessed by echocardiography, and total collagen deposition was evaluated by Masson's trichrome and Picrosirius Red staining. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells exposed to hypoxia were used to investigate the effect of different doses of Sal B on angiogenesis and tube formation in vitro. Transcriptome sequencing was performed to identify potential targets of Sal B. RESULTS Sal B ameliorated left ventricular dysfunction and remodeling, and decreased collagen deposition in the heart of diabetic mice. Administration of Sal B increased the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor 2 (VEGFR2) and VEGFA in a dose-dependent manner and promoted angiogenesis both in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, Sal B reduced HG-induced insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 (IGFBP3) expression, induced the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase and protein kinase B (AKT) activities, enhanced cell proliferation, and activated VEGFR2/VEGFA signaling in endothelial cells. The underlying mechanisms involve SalB that enhances IGFBP3 promoter DNA methylation and induce nuclear translocation of IGFBP3 in HUVECs under hypoxia. CONCLUSIONS Sal B promoted angiogenesis and alleviated cardiac fibrosis and cardiac remodeling in DCM by suppressing IGFBP3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Ling Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Bin Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhao-Yang Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Fei Xie
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wen Qiao
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jie Cheng
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jiang-Ying Kuang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ming-Xiang Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - De-Shan Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
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16
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Guo Y, Zhang Q, Chen H, Jiang Y, Gong P. Overexpression of calcitonin gene-related peptide protects mouse cerebral microvascular endothelial cells from high-glucose-induced damage via ERK/HIF-1/VEGF signaling. J Physiol Sci 2019; 69:939-952. [PMID: 31487015 PMCID: PMC10716975 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-019-00708-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In the diabetic brain, hyperglycemia damages the cerebrovasculature and impairs neurovascular crosstalk. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is an important neuropeptide that is active in the vascular system. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether CGRP is involved in the high-glucose-induced damage in mouse cerebral microvascular endothelial (b.END3) cells and the possible mechanism in vitro. The overexpression of CGRP by lentiviral transduction inhibited cell apoptosis but not proliferation. In contrast to the promoting of angiogenesis and migration under normal glucose, CGRP inhibited hyperglycemia-induced tube formation but had no effect on migration. Calcitonin gene-related peptide partly reduced the increased level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and altered nitric oxide synthase mRNA expression. Furthermore, CGRP suppressed the increased HIF-1α/VEGF-A expression and the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in hyperglycemia. The ERK inhibitor U0126 showed similar inhibition of cell apoptosis, tube formation and HIF-1α/VEGF expression as that exhibited by lenti-CGRP. These findings demonstrate the protective role of CGRP overexpression against high-glucose-induced cerebrovascular changes in b.END3 cells, possibly through the inhibition of ERK/HIF-1/VEGF signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huilu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yixuan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- Department of Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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17
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Ren J, Fu L, Nile SH, Zhang J, Kai G. Salvia miltiorrhiza in Treating Cardiovascular Diseases: A Review on Its Pharmacological and Clinical Applications. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:753. [PMID: 31338034 PMCID: PMC6626924 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioactive chemical constitutes from the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza classified in two major groups, viz., liposoluble tanshinones and water-soluble phenolics. Tanshinone IIA is a major lipid-soluble compound having promising health benefits. The in vivo and in vitro studies showed that the tanshinone IIA and salvianolate have a wide range of cardiovascular and other pharmacological effects, including antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, endothelial protective, myocardial protective, anticoagulation, vasodilation, and anti-atherosclerosis, as well as significantly help to reduce proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells. In addition, some of the clinical studies reported that the S. miltiorrhiza preparations in combination with Western medicine were more effective for treatment of various cardiovascular diseases including angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and pulmonary heart diseases. In this review, we demonstrated the potential applications of S. miltiorrhiza, including pharmacological effects of salvianolate, tanshinone IIA, and its water-soluble derivative, like sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate. Moreover, we also provided details about the clinical applications of S. miltiorrhiza preparations in controlling the cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ren
- Institute of Plant Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Fu
- Institute of Plant Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shivraj Hariram Nile
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Institute of Plant Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoyin Kai
- Institute of Plant Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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18
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Salvianolic acid B remits LPS-induced injury by up-regulating miR-142-3p in MH7A cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 115:108876. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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19
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Shu T, Liu C, Pang M, He L, Yang B, Fan L, Zhang S, Wang X, Liu B, Rong L. Salvianolic acid B promotes neural differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells via PI3K/AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin pathway. Neurosci Lett 2018; 671:154-160. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Deng S, Liu H, Qiu K, You H, Lei Q, Lu W. Role of the Golgi Apparatus in the Blood-Brain Barrier: Golgi Protection May Be a Targeted Therapy for Neurological Diseases. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:4788-4801. [PMID: 28730529 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0691-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) protects the brain from toxic material in the blood, provides nutrients for brain tissues, and screens harmful substances from the brain. The specific brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMVECs), tight junction between endothelial cells, and astrocytes ensure proper function of the central nervous system (CNS). Pathological factors disrupt the integrity of the BBB by destroying the normal function of endothelial cells and decreasing the production of tight junction proteins or the expression of proteins specifically localized on astrocytes. Interestingly, fragmentation of the Golgi apparatus is observed in neurological diseases and is involved in the destruction of the BBB function. The Golgi acts as a processing center in which proteins are transported after being processed in the endoplasmic reticulum. Besides reprocessing, classifying, and packaging proteins, the Golgi apparatus (GA) also acts as a signaling platform and calcium pool. In this review, we summarized the current literature on the potential relationship between the Golgi and endothelial cells, tight junction, and astrocytes. The normal function of the BBB is maintained as long as the normal function and morphology of the GA are not disturbed. Furthermore, we speculate that protecting the Golgi may be a novel therapeutic approach to protect the BBB and treat neurological diseases due to BBB dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwen Deng
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Qiu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong You
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Lei
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China.
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