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Perales-Salinas V, Purushotham SS, Buskila Y. Curcumin as a potential therapeutic agent for treating neurodegenerative diseases. Neurochem Int 2024; 178:105790. [PMID: 38852825 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the progressive loss of neuronal structure and function, posing a tremendous burden on health systems worldwide. Although the underlying pathological mechanisms for various neurodegenerative diseases are still unclear, a common pathological hallmark is the abundance of neuroinflammatory processes, which affect both disease onset and progression. In this review, we explore the pathways and role of neuroinflammation in various neurodegenerative diseases and further assess the potential use of curcumin, a natural spice with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that has been extensively used worldwide as a traditional medicine and potential therapeutic agent. Following the examination of preclinical and clinical studies that assessed curcumin as a potential therapeutic agent, we highlight the bioavailability of curcumin in the body and discuss both the challenges and benefits of using curcumin as a therapeutic compound for treating neurodegeneration. Although elucidating the involvement of curcumin in aging and neurodegeneration has great potential for developing future CNS-related therapeutic targets, further research is required to elucidate the mechanisms by which Curcumin affects brain physiology, especially BBB integrity, under both physiological and disease conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yossi Buskila
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, 2560, Australia; The MARCS Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia.
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Degl'Innocenti E, Poloni TE, Medici V, Olimpico F, Finamore F, Profka X, Bascarane K, Morrone C, Pastore A, Escartin C, McDonnell LA, Dell'Anno MT. Astrocytic centrin-2 expression in entorhinal cortex correlates with Alzheimer's disease severity. Glia 2024. [PMID: 39145525 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Astrogliosis is a condition shared by acute and chronic neurological diseases and includes morphological, proteomic, and functional rearrangements of astroglia. In Alzheimer's disease (AD), reactive astrocytes frame amyloid deposits and exhibit structural changes associated with the overexpression of specific proteins, mostly belonging to intermediate filaments. At a functional level, amyloid beta triggers dysfunctional calcium signaling in astrocytes, which contributes to the maintenance of chronic neuroinflammation. Therefore, the identification of intracellular players that participate in astrocyte calcium signaling can help unveil the mechanisms underlying astrocyte reactivity and loss of function in AD. We have recently identified the calcium-binding protein centrin-2 (CETN2) as a novel astrocyte marker in the human brain and, in order to determine whether astrocytic CETN2 expression and distribution could be affected by neurodegenerative conditions, we examined its pattern in control and sporadic AD patients. By immunoblot, immunohistochemistry, and targeted-mass spectrometry, we report a positive correlation between entorhinal CETN2 immunoreactivity and neurocognitive impairment, along with the abundance of amyloid depositions and neurofibrillary tangles, thus highlighting a linear relationship between CETN2 expression and AD progression. CETN2-positive astrocytes were dispersed in the entorhinal cortex with a clustered pattern and colocalized with reactive glia markers STAT3, NFATc3, and YKL-40, indicating a human-specific role in AD-induced astrogliosis. Collectively, our data provide the first evidence that CETN2 is part of the astrocytic calcium toolkit undergoing rearrangements in AD and adds CETN2 to the list of proteins that could play a role in disease evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Degl'Innocenti
- Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza ONLUS, San Giuliano Terme, Italy
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Tino Emanuele Poloni
- Department of Neurology and Neuropathology, Golgi-Cenci Foundation & ASP Golgi-Redaelli, Abbiategrasso, Italy
| | - Valentina Medici
- Department of Neurology and Neuropathology, Golgi-Cenci Foundation & ASP Golgi-Redaelli, Abbiategrasso, Italy
| | | | | | - Xhulja Profka
- Department of Neurology and Neuropathology, Golgi-Cenci Foundation & ASP Golgi-Redaelli, Abbiategrasso, Italy
| | - Karouna Bascarane
- Laboratoire des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, MIRCen, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Castrese Morrone
- Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza ONLUS, San Giuliano Terme, Italy
| | - Aldo Pastore
- Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza ONLUS, San Giuliano Terme, Italy
- Laboratorio NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy
| | - Carole Escartin
- Laboratoire des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, MIRCen, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Liam A McDonnell
- Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza ONLUS, San Giuliano Terme, Italy
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Malik S, Xavier S, Soch A, Younesi S, Yip J, Slayo M, Barrientos RM, Sominsky L, Spencer SJ. High-fat diet and aging-associated memory impairments persist in the absence of microglia in female rats. Neurobiol Aging 2024; 140:22-32. [PMID: 38703636 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2024.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Aging is associated with a priming of microglia such that they are hypersensitive to further immune challenges. As such high-fat diet during aging can have detrimental effects on cognition that is not seen in the young. However, conflicting findings also suggest that obesity may protect against cognitive decline during aging. Given this uncertainty we aimed here to examine the role of microglia in high-fat, high-sucrose diet (HFSD)-induced changes in cognitive performance in the aging brain. We hypothesised that 8 weeks of HFSD-feeding would alter microglia and the inflammatory milieu in aging and worsen aging-related cognitive deficits in a microglia-dependent manner. We found that both aging and HFSD reduced hippocampal neuron numbers and open field exploration; they also impaired recognition memory. However, the aging-related deficits occurred in the absence of a pro-inflammatory response and the deficits in memory performance persisted after depletion of microglia in the Cx3cr1-Dtr knock-in rat. Our data suggest that mechanisms additional to the acute microglial contribution play a role in aging- and HFSD-associated memory dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajida Malik
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Soniya Xavier
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Alita Soch
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Simin Younesi
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jackson Yip
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Mary Slayo
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Institute of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior-CMBB, Giessen, Marburg, Germany
| | - Ruth M Barrientos
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Chronic Brain Injury Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Luba Sominsky
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Barwon Health, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sarah J Spencer
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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Chen L, Yue Z, Liu Z, Liu H, Zhang J, Zhang F, Hu T, Fu J. The impact of Nrf2 knockout on the neuroprotective effects of dexmedetomidine in a mice model of cognitive impairment. Behav Brain Res 2024; 469:115006. [PMID: 38692357 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signalling pathway represents a crucial intrinsic protective system against oxidative stress and inflammation and plays a significant role in various neurological disorders. However, the effect of Nrf2 signalling on the regulation of cognitive impairment remains unknown. Dexmedetomidine (DEX) has neuroprotective effects and can ameliorate lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cognitive dysfunction. Our objective was to observe whether Nrf2 knockout influences the efficacy of DEX in improving cognitive impairment and to attempt to understand its underlying mechanisms. An LPS-induced cognitive dysfunction model in wild-type and Nrf2 knockout mice (Institute of Cancer Research background; male; 8-12 weeks) was used to observe the impact of DEX on cognitive dysfunction. LPS was intraperitoneally injected, followed by novel object recognition and morris water maze experiments 24 h later. Hippocampal tissues were collected for histopathological and molecular analyses. Our research findings suggest that DEX enhances the expression of NQO1, HO-1, PSD95, and SYP proteins in hippocampal tissue, inhibits microglial proliferation, reduces pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-ɑ, increases anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, and improves dendritic spine density, thereby alleviating cognitive dysfunction induced by LPS. However, the knockout of the Nrf2 gene negated the aforementioned effects of DEX. In conclusion, DEX alleviates cognitive deficits induced by LPS through mechanisms of anti-oxidative stress and anti-inflammation, as well as by increasing synaptic protein expression and dendritic spine density. However, the knockout of the Nrf2 gene reversed the effects of DEX. The Nrf2 signaling pathway plays a crucial role in the mitigation of LPS-induced cognitive impairment by DEX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Shijiazhuang Fourth Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhifeng Yue
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ziyu Liu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Institute of Medicine and Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China; The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Huaqin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shijiazhuang Fourth Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Fengjiao Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Tao Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jianfeng Fu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
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Wu J, Chen J, Ge Y, Huang N, Luo Y. Neuroprotective effect of tanshinone IIA-modified mesenchymal stem cells in a lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation model. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29424. [PMID: 38638958 PMCID: PMC11024610 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, the neuroprotective potential of tanshinone IIA (TIIA)-modified mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) were investigated using a murine model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammation. The cognitive performance of the mice was assessed using the Y-maze and Morris water maze tests, while immunofluorescence and Western blot analyses were employed to evaluate the hippocampal expression of pertinent markers and inflammatory factors, respectively. The results from the behavioral experiments demonstrated discernible differences in learning and memory abilities between the model group and the control group (P < 0.05), confirming the successful induction of neuroinflammation. Both the MSC and TIIA-MSC groups exhibited enhancements in the cognitive abilities of neuroinflammatory mice, with the TIIA-MSC group demonstrating a more pronounced improvement (P < 0.01). Immunofluorescence analysis revealed significant activation of microglia in the model group, while the MSC and TIIA-MSC groups exhibited a reduction in hippocampal microglial activation, with the TIIA-MSC group displaying a more substantial decrease. A statistically significant difference in the expression levels of IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α was observed between the model and control groups (P < 0.05), indicating that IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α were downregulated in both the MSC and TIIA-MSC groups. Notably, the downregulatory effect was more prominent in the TIIA-MSC group (P < 0.01). Compared to MSC treatment alone, the administration of TIIA-modified MSC demonstrated a superior protective effect against lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation. These findings underscore the potential therapeutic efficacy of TIIA-modified MSC in mitigating neuroinflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Wu
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Neurology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Ying Ge
- Department of Neurology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Nanqu Huang
- National Drug Clinical Trial Institution, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Yong Luo
- Department of Neurology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, Guizhou, China
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Cai M, Zheng Q, Chen Y, Liu S, Zhu H, Bai B. Insights from the neural guidance factor Netrin-1 into neurodegeneration and other diseases. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 17:1379726. [PMID: 38638604 PMCID: PMC11024333 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.1379726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Netrin-1 was initially discovered as a neuronal growth cue for axonal guidance, and its functions have later been identified in inflammation, tumorigenesis, neurodegeneration, and other disorders. We have recently found its alterations in the brains with Alzheimer's disease, which might provide important clues to the mechanisms of some unique pathologies. To provide better understanding of this promising molecule, we here summarize research progresses in genetics, pathology, biochemistry, cell biology and other studies of Netrin-1 about its mechanistic roles and biomarker potentials with an emphasis on clinical neurodegenerative disorders in order to expand understanding of this promising molecular player in human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minqi Cai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Jiangsu University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qian Zheng
- Health Management Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yiqiang Chen
- Center for Precision Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Siyuan Liu
- Center for Precision Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huimin Zhu
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bing Bai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Jiangsu University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Naaldijk Y, Sherman LS, Turrini N, Kenfack Y, Ratajczak MZ, Souayah N, Rameshwar P, Ulrich H. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Macrophage Crosstalk Provides Specific Exosomal Cargo to Direct Immune Response Licensing of Macrophages during Inflammatory Responses. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024; 20:218-236. [PMID: 37851277 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10612-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) continue to be a significant healthcare problem. The economic and social implications of NDDs increase with longevity. NDDs are linked to neuroinflammation and activated microglia and astrocytes play a central role. There is a growing interest for stem cell-based therapy to deliver genes, and for tissue regeneration. The promise of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) is based on their availability as off-the-shelf source, and ease of expanding from discarded tissues. We tested the hypothesis that MSC have a major role of resetting activated microglial cells. We modeled microglial cell lines by using U937 cell-derived M1 and M2 macrophages. We studied macrophage types, alone, or in a non-contact culture with MSCs. MSCs induced significant release of exosomes from both types of macrophages, but significantly more of the M1 type. RNA sequencing showed enhanced gene expression within the exosomes with the major changes linked to the inflammatory response, including cytokines and the purinergic receptors. Computational analyses of the transcripts supported the expected effect of MSCs in suppressing the inflammatory response of M1 macrophages. The inflammatory cargo of M1 macrophage-derived exosomes revealed involvement of cytokines and purinergic receptors. At the same time, the exosomes from MSC-M2 macrophages were able to reset the classical M2 macrophages to more balanced inflammation. Interestingly, we excluded transfer of purinergic receptor transcripts from the co-cultured MSCs by analyzing these cells for the identified purinergic receptors. Since exosomes are intercellular communicators, these findings provide insights into how MSCs may modulate tissue regeneration and neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahaira Naaldijk
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School (NJMS), Newark, NJ, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Lauren S Sherman
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School (NJMS), Newark, NJ, USA
- Rutgers School of Graduate Studies at NHMS, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Natalia Turrini
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | | | - Mariusz Z Ratajczak
- Stem Cell Institute at James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine at Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Nizar Souayah
- Department of Neurology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Pranela Rameshwar
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School (NJMS), Newark, NJ, USA.
| | - Henning Ulrich
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil.
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.
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Leitão ADG, Ahammad RU, Spencer B, Wu C, Masliah E, Rissman RA. Novel systemic delivery of a peptide-conjugated antisense oligonucleotide to reduce α-synuclein in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 186:106285. [PMID: 37690676 PMCID: PMC10584037 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders of aging are characterized by the progressive accumulation of proteins such as α-synuclein (α-syn) and amyloid beta (Aβ). Misfolded and aggregated α-syn has been implicated in neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease, and Dementia with Lewy Bodies, but less so in Alzheimer's Disease (AD), despite the fact that accumulation of α-syn has been confirmed in over 50% of postmortem brains neuropathologically diagnosed with AD. To date, no therapeutic strategy has effectively or consistently downregulated α-syn in AD. Here we tested the hypothesis that by using a systemically-delivered peptide (ApoB11) bound to a modified antisense oligonucleotide against α-syn (ASO-α-syn), we can downregulate α-syn expression in an AD mouse model and improve behavioral and neuropathologic phenotypes. Our results demonstrate that monthly systemic treatment with of ApoB11:ASO α-syn beginning at 6 months of age reduces expression of α-synuclein in the brains of 9-month-old AD mice. Downregulation of α-syn led to reduction in Aβ plaque burden, prevented neuronal loss and astrogliosis. Furthermore, we found that AD mice treated with ApoB11:ASO α-syn had greatly improved hippocampal and spatial memory function in comparison to their control counterparts. Collectively, our data supports the reduction of α-syn through use of systemically-delivered ApoB11:ASO α-syn as a promising future disease-modifying therapeutic for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- André D G Leitão
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States of America
| | - Rijwan U Ahammad
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States of America
| | - Brian Spencer
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States of America
| | - Chengbiao Wu
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States of America; Alzheimer's Therapeutic Research Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, San Diego, CA 92121, United States of America
| | - Eliezer Masliah
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute of Aging, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States of America
| | - Robert A Rissman
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States of America; Alzheimer's Therapeutic Research Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, San Diego, CA 92121, United States of America; VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, United States of America.
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Kamrani-Sharif R, Hayes AW, Gholami M, Salehirad M, Allahverdikhani M, Motaghinejad M, Emanuele E. Oxytocin as neuro-hormone and neuro-regulator exert neuroprotective properties: A mechanistic graphical review. Neuropeptides 2023; 101:102352. [PMID: 37354708 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2023.102352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurodegeneration is progressive cell loss in specific neuronal populations, often resulting in clinical consequences with significant medical, societal, and economic implications. Because of its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties, oxytocin has been proposed as a potential neuroprotective and neurobehavioral therapeutic agent, including modulating mood disturbances and cognitive enchantment. METHODS Literature searches were conducted using the following databases Web of Science, PubMed, Elsevier Science Direct, Google Scholar, the Core Collection, and Cochrane from January 2000 to February 2023 for articles dealing with oxytocin neuroprotective properties in preventing or treating neurodegenerative disorders and diseases with a focus on oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis/cell death. RESULTS The neuroprotective effects of oxytocin appears to be mediated by its anti-inflammatory properties, inhibition of neuro inflammation, activation of several antioxidant enzymes, inhibition of oxidative stress and free radical formation, activation of free radical scavengers, prevent of mitochondrial dysfunction, and inhibition of apoptosis. CONCLUSION Oxytocin acts as a neuroprotective agent by preventing neuro-apoptosis, neuro-inflammation, and neuronal oxidative stress, and by restoring mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Kamrani-Sharif
- Chronic Respiratory Disease Research Center (CRDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Wallace Hayes
- University of South Florida College of Public Health, Tampa, FL, USA; Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Mina Gholami
- Chronic Respiratory Disease Research Center (CRDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Salehirad
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Amir-Almomenin Hospital, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Allahverdikhani
- Chronic Respiratory Disease Research Center (CRDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Motaghinejad
- Chronic Respiratory Disease Research Center (CRDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Ponce-Lopez T, González Álvarez Tostado JA, Dias F, Montiel Maltez KH. Metformin Prevents NDEA-Induced Memory Impairments Associated with Attenuating Beta-Amyloid, Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha, and Interleukin-6 Levels in the Hippocampus of Rats. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1289. [PMID: 37759689 PMCID: PMC10526195 DOI: 10.3390/biom13091289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) is a potential carcinogen known to cause liver tumors and chronic inflammation, diabetes, cognitive problems, and signs like Alzheimer's disease (AD) in animals. This compound is classified as probably carcinogenic to humans. Usual sources of exposure include food, beer, tobacco, personal care products, water, and medications. AD is characterized by cognitive decline, amyloid-β (Aβ) deposit, tau hyperphosphorylation, and cell loss. This is accompanied by neuroinflammation, which involves release of microglial cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin 1β (IL-1β), by nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) upregulation; each are linked to AD progression. Weak PI3K/Akt insulin-signaling inhibits IRS-1 phosphorylation, activates GSK3β and promotes tau hyperphosphorylation. Metformin, an antihyperglycemic agent, has potent anti-inflammatory efficacy. It reduces proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α via NF-κB inhibition. Metformin also reduces reactive oxidative species (ROS) and modulates cognitive disorders reported due to brain insulin resistance links. Our study examined how NDEA affects spatial memory in Wistar rats. We found that all NDEA doses tested impaired memory. The 80 µg/kg dose of NDEA increased levels of Aβ1-42, TNF-α, and IL-6 in the hippocampus, which correlated with memory loss. Nonetheless, treatment with 100 mg/kg of metformin attenuated the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and Aβ1-42, and enhanced memory. It suggests that metformin may protect against NDEA-triggered memory issues and brain inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Ponce-Lopez
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anáhuac México Norte, Avenida Universidad Anáhuac 46, Lomas Anáhuac, Huixquilucan C.P. 52786, Estado de México, Mexico
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Kumar P, Mathew S, Gamage R, Bodkin F, Doyle K, Rossetti I, Wagnon I, Zhou X, Raju R, Gyengesi E, Münch G. From the Bush to the Brain: Preclinical Stages of Ethnobotanical Anti-Inflammatory and Neuroprotective Drug Discovery-An Australian Example. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11086. [PMID: 37446262 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The Australian rainforest is a rich source of medicinal plants that have evolved in the face of dramatic environmental challenges over a million years due to its prolonged geographical isolation from other continents. The rainforest consists of an inherent richness of plant secondary metabolites that are the most intense in the rainforest. The search for more potent and more bioavailable compounds from other plant sources is ongoing, and our short review will outline the pathways from the discovery of bioactive plants to the structural identification of active compounds, testing for potency, and then neuroprotection in a triculture system, and finally, the validation in an appropriate neuro-inflammatory mouse model, using some examples from our current research. We will focus on neuroinflammation as a potential treatment target for neurodegenerative diseases including multiple sclerosis (MS), Parkinson's (PD), and Alzheimer's disease (AD) for these plant-derived, anti-inflammatory molecules and highlight cytokine suppressive anti-inflammatory drugs (CSAIDs) as a better alternative to conventional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to treat neuroinflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payaal Kumar
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
| | - Shintu Mathew
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
| | - Rashmi Gamage
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
| | - Frances Bodkin
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
| | - Kerrie Doyle
- Indigenous Health Unit, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
| | - Ilaria Rossetti
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
| | - Ingrid Wagnon
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
| | - Xian Zhou
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Ritesh Raju
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
| | - Erika Gyengesi
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
| | - Gerald Münch
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
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12
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Xiong S, Su X, Kang Y, Si J, Wang L, Li X, Ma K. Effect and mechanism of chlorogenic acid on cognitive dysfunction in mice by lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1178188. [PMID: 37292216 PMCID: PMC10244504 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1178188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Neuroinflammation is an important factor causing numerous neurodegenerative pathologies. Inflammation can lead to abnormal neuronal structure and function and even death, followed by cognitive dysfunction. There is growing evidence that chlorogenic acid has anti-inflammatory effects and immunomodulatory activity. Purpose The aim of this study was to elucidate the potential targets and molecular mechanisms of chlorogenic acid in the treatment of neuroinflammation. Methods We used the lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation mouse model and the lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV-2 cells in vitro model. Behavioral scores and experiments were used to assess cognitive dysfunction in mice. HE staining and immunohistochemistry were used to assess neuronal damage in the mouse brain. Immunofluorescence detected microglia polarization in mouse brain. Western blot and flow cytometry detected the polarization of BV-2 cells. The migration of BV-2 cells was detected by wound healing assay and transwell assay. Potential targets for chlorogenic acid to exert protective effects were predicted by network pharmacology. These targets were then validated using molecular docking and experiments. Results The results of in vivo experiments showed that chlorogenic acid had an obvious ameliorating effect on neuroinflammation-induced cognitive dysfunction. We found that chlorogenic acid was able to inhibit BV-2 cells M1 polarization and promote BV-2 cells M2 polarization in vitro while also inhibiting the abnormal migration of BV-2 cells. Based on the network pharmacology results, we identified the TNF signaling pathway as a key signaling pathway in which chlorogenic acid exerts anti-neuroinflammatory effects. Among them, Akt1, TNF, MMP9, PTGS2, MAPK1, MAPK14, and RELA are the core targets for chlorogenic acid to function. Conclusion Chlorogenic acid can inhibit microglial polarization toward the M1 phenotype and improve neuroinflammation-induced cognitive dysfunction in mice by modulating these key targets in the TNF signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
| | - Xuyang Su
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
| | - Yingjie Kang
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
- Department of Physiology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
| | - Junqiang Si
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
- Department of Physiology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Shihezi University School of Pharmacy, Shihezi, China
| | - Xinzhi Li
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
| | - Ketao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
- Department of Physiology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
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13
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Mehdi SF, Pusapati S, Anwar MS, Lohana D, Kumar P, Nandula SA, Nawaz FK, Tracey K, Yang H, LeRoith D, Brownstein MJ, Roth J. Glucagon-like peptide-1: a multi-faceted anti-inflammatory agent. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1148209. [PMID: 37266425 PMCID: PMC10230051 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1148209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation contributes to many chronic conditions. It is often associated with circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines and immune cells. GLP-1 levels correlate with disease severity. They are often elevated and can serve as markers of inflammation. Previous studies have shown that oxytocin, hCG, ghrelin, alpha-MSH and ACTH have receptor-mediated anti-inflammatory properties that can rescue cells from damage and death. These peptides have been studied well in the past century. In contrast, GLP-1 and its anti-inflammatory properties have been recognized only recently. GLP-1 has been proven to be a useful adjuvant therapy in type-2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and hyperglycemia. It also lowers HbA1C and protects cells of the cardiovascular and nervous systems by reducing inflammation and apoptosis. In this review we have explored the link between GLP-1, inflammation, and sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Faizan Mehdi
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Suma Pusapati
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Muhammad Saad Anwar
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Durga Lohana
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Parkash Kumar
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | | | - Fatima Kausar Nawaz
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Kevin Tracey
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Huan Yang
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Derek LeRoith
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Bone Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Jesse Roth
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
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14
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Abbate C. The Adult Neurogenesis Theory of Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2023:JAD221279. [PMID: 37182879 DOI: 10.3233/jad-221279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease starts in neural stem cells (NSCs) in the niches of adult neurogenesis. All primary factors responsible for pathological tau hyperphosphorylation are inherent to adult neurogenesis and migration. However, when amyloid pathology is present, it strongly amplifies tau pathogenesis. Indeed, the progressive accumulation of extracellular amyloid-β deposits in the brain triggers a state of chronic inflammation by microglia. Microglial activation has a significant pro-neurogenic effect that fosters the process of adult neurogenesis and supports neuronal migration. Unfortunately, this "reactive" pro-neurogenic activity ultimately perturbs homeostatic equilibrium in the niches of adult neurogenesis by amplifying tau pathogenesis in AD. This scenario involves NSCs in the subgranular zone of the hippocampal dentate gyrus in late-onset AD (LOAD) and NSCs in the ventricular-subventricular zone along the lateral ventricles in early-onset AD (EOAD), including familial AD (FAD). Neuroblasts carrying the initial seed of tau pathology travel throughout the brain via neuronal migration driven by complex signals and convey the disease from the niches of adult neurogenesis to near (LOAD) or distant (EOAD) brain regions. In these locations, or in close proximity, a focus of degeneration begins to develop. Then, tau pathology spreads from the initial foci to large neuronal networks along neural connections through neuron-to-neuron transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Abbate
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS, Milan, Italy
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15
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Alfalahi H, Dias SB, Khandoker AH, Chaudhuri KR, Hadjileontiadis LJ. A scoping review of neurodegenerative manifestations in explainable digital phenotyping. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2023; 9:49. [PMID: 36997573 PMCID: PMC10063633 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-023-00494-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurologists nowadays no longer view neurodegenerative diseases, like Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease, as single entities, but rather as a spectrum of multifaceted symptoms with heterogeneous progression courses and treatment responses. The definition of the naturalistic behavioral repertoire of early neurodegenerative manifestations is still elusive, impeding early diagnosis and intervention. Central to this view is the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in reinforcing the depth of phenotypic information, thereby supporting the paradigm shift to precision medicine and personalized healthcare. This suggestion advocates the definition of disease subtypes in a new biomarker-supported nosology framework, yet without empirical consensus on standardization, reliability and interpretability. Although the well-defined neurodegenerative processes, linked to a triad of motor and non-motor preclinical symptoms, are detected by clinical intuition, we undertake an unbiased data-driven approach to identify different patterns of neuropathology distribution based on the naturalistic behavior data inherent to populations in-the-wild. We appraise the role of remote technologies in the definition of digital phenotyping specific to brain-, body- and social-level neurodegenerative subtle symptoms, emphasizing inter- and intra-patient variability powered by deep learning. As such, the present review endeavors to exploit digital technologies and AI to create disease-specific phenotypic explanations, facilitating the understanding of neurodegenerative diseases as "bio-psycho-social" conditions. Not only does this translational effort within explainable digital phenotyping foster the understanding of disease-induced traits, but it also enhances diagnostic and, eventually, treatment personalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hessa Alfalahi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
- Healthcare Engineering Innovation Center (HEIC), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Sofia B Dias
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Healthcare Engineering Innovation Center (HEIC), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ahsan H Khandoker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Healthcare Engineering Innovation Center (HEIC), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kallol Ray Chaudhuri
- Parkinson Foundation, International Center of Excellence, King's College London, Denmark Hills, London, UK
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neurosciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, UK
| | - Leontios J Hadjileontiadis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Healthcare Engineering Innovation Center (HEIC), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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16
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Jiang R, Chi XD, Jing Y, Wang B, Li S. Reduction of NgR in perforant path protects neuronal morphology and function in APP/PS1 transgenic mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:2158-2169. [PMID: 36961417 PMCID: PMC10085588 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Neuronal loss is the central abnormality occurring in brains suffering from Alzheimer's disease (AD). The notion that AD causes the death of neurons point towards protection of neuronal morphology and function as important therapeutic strategies. The perforant path projections from the entorhinal cortex to the dentate gyrus is the most vulnerable circuit with respect to AD. It's known that the perforant path is a very important structure for synaptic plasticity and cognitive functions. NgR (Nogo receptor) is not only involved in limiting injury-induced axonal growth but also in pathological features of AD. So, the mechanism of how NgR affects the perforant path needs further investigation. In this study, the effect of NgR in the perforant path on the neuronal morphology and function in APP/PS1 transgenic mice was studied. The results showed that downregulation of NgR in perforant path ameliorate the damaged morphology and decreased number of neurons in APP/PS1 mice. Concurrently, NgR knockdown enhanced dendritic complexity and increased postsynaptic protein density in APP/PS1 mice. Furthermore, the RT-PCR results indicated that there is downregulation of M1 phenotypes of microglial gene expression in the hippocampus of TG-shNgR mice. Our study suggests that NgR plays a critical role in microglial phenotype polarization, which might account for the NgR knockdown in the perforant path initiated a decrease in neuronal death and improved synaptic function. Our study provided a better understanding of the perforant path and the role of NgR in AD pathogenesis, thus offering the potential application of hippocampal neurons in treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Jiang
- Department of Physiology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai Campus, Yantai, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Chi
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Dalian Friendship Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yulong Jing
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Diseases, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Drug-Research and Development (R&D) of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Shao Li
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Diseases, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Drug-Research and Development (R&D) of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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17
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Ayari S, Abellard A, Carayol M, Guedj É, Gavarry O. A systematic review of exercise modalities that reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines in humans and animals' models with mild cognitive impairment or dementia. Exp Gerontol 2023; 175:112141. [PMID: 36898593 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate which type, frequency, duration, intensity, and volume of chronic exercise might more strongly reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines and enhance anti-inflammatory cytokines in human and animal models with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) or dementia. DESIGN A systematic review. DATA SOURCE English-language search of 13 electronic databases: Web of Science, PubMed/Medline, Sport Discus, Scopus, Cochrane, Psych Net, Springer, ScienceDirect, Pascal & Francis, Sage journals, Pedro, Google Scholar, and Sage. INCLUSION CRITERIA (i) human and animal studies that included exercise, physical activity, or fitness training as an experimental intervention, (ii) studies that addressed MCI, dementia, or AD, (iii) studies that focused on measuring cytokines and/or other inflammatory and/or neuroinflammatory immune markers, (iii) studies that examined inflammatory indicators in blood, CSF (Cerebrospinal Fluid), and brain tissue. RESULTS Of the 1290 human and animal studies found, 38 were included for qualitative analysis, 11 human articles, 27 animal articles, and two articles addressing both human and animal protocols. In the animal model, physical exercise decreased pro-inflammatory markers in 70.8 % of the articles and anti-inflammatory cytokines: IL -4, IL -10, IL-4β, IL -10β, and TGF-β in 26 % of articles. Treadmill running, resistance exercise, and swimming exercise reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines and increase anti-inflammatory cytokines. In the human model, 53.9 % of items reduced pro-inflammatory proteins and 23 % increased anti-inflammatory proteins. Cycling exercise, multimodal, and resistance training effectively decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines. CONCLUSION In rodent animal models with AD phenotype, treadmill, swimming, and resistance training remain good interventions that can delay various mechanisms of dementia progression. In the human model, aerobic, multimodal, and resistance training are beneficial in both MCI and AD. Multimodal training of moderate to high intensity multimodal exercise is effective for MCI. Voluntary cycling training, moderate- or high-intensity aerobic exercise is effective in mild AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sawsen Ayari
- Research Unit "Impact of Physical Activity on Health" (IAPS n°201723207F), University of Toulon, Toulon, France.
| | - Alexandre Abellard
- Mediterranean Institute of Information and Communication Sciences, Toulon, France.
| | - Marion Carayol
- Research Unit "Impact of Physical Activity on Health" (IAPS n°201723207F), University of Toulon, Toulon, France.
| | - Éric Guedj
- APHM, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, Timone Hospital, CERIMED, Nuclear Medicine Department, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.
| | - Olivier Gavarry
- Research Unit "Impact of Physical Activity on Health" (IAPS n°201723207F), University of Toulon, Toulon, France.
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18
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Zheng H, Guo X, Kang S, Li Z, Tian T, Li J, Wang F, Yu P, Chang S, Chang YZ. Cdh5-mediated Fpn1 deletion exerts neuroprotective effects during the acute phase and inhibitory effects during the recovery phase of ischemic stroke. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:161. [PMID: 36841833 PMCID: PMC9968354 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05688-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is associated with high mortality and morbidity rates worldwide. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the neuronal damage incurred by stroke victims remain unclear. It has previously been reported that ischemic stroke can induce an increase in the levels of brain iron, which is an important factor of in the associated brain damage. Ferroportin 1 (FPN1), the only known cellular iron export protein, is found in brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMVECs) at the blood-brain barrier, and is considered the gateway for entry of plasma iron into the central nervous system. Despite the connection of brain iron to neuronal damage, the role of BMVECs FPN1 in ischemic stroke remains unexplored. Herein, we conditionally deleted Fpn1 in mouse endothelial cells (ECs), using VE-cadherin-Cre transgenic mice, and explored the impact on brain iron homeostasis after stroke. Our data demonstrated that Fpn1 knockout in ECs decreased the brain iron levels in mice, attenuated the oxidative stress and inflammatory responses after stroke, and inhibited both ferroptosis and apoptosis, ultimately alleviating neurological impairment and decreasing cerebral infarct volume during the acute phase of ischemic stroke. By contrast, we found that Fpn1 knockout in ECs delayed the recovery of neurological function in mice following ischemic stroke. We also found that ECs Fpn1 knockout decreased the brain iron levels after stroke, exacerbated glial cell proliferation, and inhibited neuronal development, indicating that the diminished brain iron levels hindered the repair of neural injury in mice. In conclusion, our findings reveal a dual consequence of FPN1 deficiency in ECs in the development of ischemic stroke. More specifically, iron deficiency initially exerts a neuroprotective effect during the acute phase of ischemic stroke but inhibits recovery during the later stages. Our findings are important to the development of iron- or FPN1-targeting therapeutics for the treatment of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiwen Zheng
- grid.256884.50000 0004 0605 1239Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024 Hebei Province China
| | - Xin Guo
- grid.452458.aNeuromedical Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, Brain Aging and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory of Hebei Province, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000 Hebei Province China ,grid.413259.80000 0004 0632 3337Department of Neurology, Hebei Hospital, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000 Hebei Province China
| | - Shaomeng Kang
- grid.256884.50000 0004 0605 1239Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024 Hebei Province China
| | - Zhongda Li
- grid.256884.50000 0004 0605 1239Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024 Hebei Province China
| | - Tian Tian
- grid.256884.50000 0004 0605 1239Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024 Hebei Province China
| | - Jianhua Li
- grid.256884.50000 0004 0605 1239Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024 Hebei Province China
| | - Fudi Wang
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XThe Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058 Zhejiang Province China ,grid.412017.10000 0001 0266 8918The First Affiliated Hospital, Basic Medical Sciences, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 Hunan Province China
| | - Peng Yu
- grid.256884.50000 0004 0605 1239Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024 Hebei Province China
| | - Shiyang Chang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China.
| | - Yan-zhong Chang
- grid.256884.50000 0004 0605 1239Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024 Hebei Province China
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Blood Biomarkers in Patients with Parkinson's Disease: A Review in Context of Anesthetic Care. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13040693. [PMID: 36832181 PMCID: PMC9955162 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13040693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common inflammatory neurodegenerative disorder after dementia. Preclinical and epidemiological data strongly suggest that chronic neuroinflammation slowly induces neuronal dysfunction. Activated microglia secrete several neurotoxic substances, such as chemokines and proinflammatory cytokines, which may promote blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeabilization. CD4+ T cells comprise proinflammatory cells such as T helper (Th) 1 and Th17 cells, as well as anti-inflammatory cells such as Th2 and T regulatory cells (Tregs). Th1 and Th17 cells can be detrimental to dopamine neurons, whereas Th2 and Tregs are neuroprotective. The results of studies on the serum levels of cytokines such as IFN-γ and TNF-α secreted by Th1 T cells, IL-8 and IL-10 secreted by Th2 T cells, and IL-17 secreted by Th17 cells in PD patients are not uniform. In addition, the relationships between serum cytokine levels and motor and non-motor symptoms of PD are controversial. Surgical stress and anesthesia induce inflammatory responses by disturbing the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, which may exacerbate the neuroinflammatory response in PD patients. Here we review studies on blood inflammatory biomarkers in PD patients and discuss the roles of surgery and anesthesia in PD progression.
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20
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Traub J, Frey A, Störk S. Chronic Neuroinflammation and Cognitive Decline in Patients with Cardiac Disease: Evidence, Relevance, and Therapeutic Implications. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020329. [PMID: 36836686 PMCID: PMC9962280 DOI: 10.3390/life13020329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute and chronic cardiac disorders predispose to alterations in cognitive performance, ranging from mild cognitive impairment to overt dementia. Although this association is well-established, the factors inducing and accelerating cognitive decline beyond ageing and the intricate causal pathways and multilateral interdependencies involved remain poorly understood. Dysregulated and persistent inflammatory processes have been implicated as potentially causal mediators of the adverse consequences on brain function in patients with cardiac disease. Recent advances in positron emission tomography disclosed an enhanced level of neuroinflammation of cortical and subcortical brain regions as an important correlate of altered cognition in these patients. In preclinical and clinical investigations, the thereby involved domains and cell types of the brain are gradually better characterized. Microglia, resident myeloid cells of the central nervous system, appear to be of particular importance, as they are extremely sensitive to even subtle pathological alterations affecting their complex interplay with neighboring astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, infiltrating myeloid cells, and lymphocytes. Here, we review the current evidence linking cognitive impairment and chronic neuroinflammation in patients with various selected cardiac disorders including the aspect of chronic neuroinflammation as a potentially druggable target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Traub
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Clinical Research & Epidemiology, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University and University Hospital Würzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +4993120139216
| | - Anna Frey
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Clinical Research & Epidemiology, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University and University Hospital Würzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Störk
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Clinical Research & Epidemiology, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University and University Hospital Würzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
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Enhanced IRE1α Phosphorylation/Oligomerization-Triggered XBP1 Splicing Contributes to Parkin-Mediated Prevention of SH-SY5Y Cell Death under Nitrosative Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032017. [PMID: 36768338 PMCID: PMC9917145 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in parkin, a neuroprotective protein, are the predominant cause of autosomal recessive juvenile Parkinson's disease. Neuroinflammation-derived nitrosative stress has been implicated in the etiology of the chronic neurodegeneration. However, the interactions between genetic predisposition and nitrosative stress contributing to the degeneration of dopaminergic (DA) neurons remain incompletely understood. Here, we used the SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells to investigate the function of parkin and its pathogenic mutants in relation to cell survival under nitric oxide (NO) exposure. The results showed that overexpression of wild-type parkin protected SH-SY5Y cells from NO-induced apoptosis in a reactive oxygen species-dependent manner. Under nitrosative stress conditions, parkin selectively upregulated the inositol-requiring enzyme 1α/X-box binding protein 1 (IRE1α/XBP1) signaling axis, an unfolded protein response signal through the sensor IRE1α, which controls the splicing of XBP1 mRNA. Inhibition of XBP1 mRNA splicing either by pharmacologically inhibiting IRE1α endoribonuclease activity or by genetically knocking down XBP1 interfered with the protective activity of parkin. Furthermore, pathogenic parkin mutants with a defective protective capacity showed a lower ability to activate the IRE1α/XBP1 signaling. Finally, we demonstrated that IRE1α activity augmented by parkin was possibly mediated through interacting with IRE1α to regulate its phosphorylation/oligomerization processes, whereas mutant parkin diminished its binding to and activation of IRE1α. Thus, these results support a direct link between the protective activity of parkin and the IRE1α/XBP1 pathway in response to nitrosative stress, and mutant parkin disrupts this function.
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22
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Leitão AD, Spencer B, Sarsoza F, Ngolab J, Amalraj J, Masliah E, Wu C, Rissman RA. Hippocampal Reduction of α-Synuclein via RNA Interference Improves Neuropathology in Alzheimer's Disease Mice. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 95:349-361. [PMID: 37522208 PMCID: PMC10578232 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) cases are often characterized by the pathological accumulation of α-synuclein (α-syn) in addition to amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau hallmarks. The role of α-syn has been extensively studied in synucleinopathy disorders, but less so in AD. Recent studies have shown that α-syn may also play a role in AD and its downregulation may be protective against the toxic effects of Aβ accumulation. OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that selectively knocking down α-syn via RNA interference improves the neuropathological and biochemical findings in AD mice. METHODS Here we used amyloid precursor protein transgenic (APP-Tg) mice to model AD and explore pathologic and behavioral phenotypes with knockdown of α-syn using RNA interference. We selectively reduced α-syn levels by stereotaxic bilateral injection of either LV-shRNA α-syn or LV-shRNA-luc (control) into the hippocampus of AD mice. RESULTS We found that downregulation of α-syn results in significant reduction in the number of Aβ plaques. In addition, mice treated with LV-shRNA α-syn had amelioration of abnormal microglial activation (Iba1) and astrocytosis (GFAP) phenotypes in AD mice. CONCLUSION Our data suggests a novel link between Aβ and α-syn pathology as well as a new therapeutic angle for targeting AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- André D.G. Leitão
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Brian Spencer
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Floyd Sarsoza
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer Ngolab
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jessica Amalraj
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Chengbiao Wu
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Robert A. Rissman
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Alzheimer’s Therapeutic Research Institute of the Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, San Diego, CA, USA
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA, USA
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23
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Kalyan M, Tousif AH, Sonali S, Vichitra C, Sunanda T, Praveenraj SS, Ray B, Gorantla VR, Rungratanawanich W, Mahalakshmi AM, Qoronfleh MW, Monaghan TM, Song BJ, Essa MM, Chidambaram SB. Role of Endogenous Lipopolysaccharides in Neurological Disorders. Cells 2022; 11:cells11244038. [PMID: 36552802 PMCID: PMC9777235 DOI: 10.3390/cells11244038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a cell-wall immunostimulatory endotoxin component of Gram-negative bacteria. A growing body of evidence reveals that alterations in the bacterial composition of the intestinal microbiota (gut dysbiosis) disrupt host immune homeostasis and the intestinal barrier function. Microbial dysbiosis leads to a proinflammatory milieu and systemic endotoxemia, which contribute to the development of neurodegenerative diseases and metabolic disorders. Two important pathophysiological hallmarks of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are oxidative/nitrative stress and inflammation, which can be initiated by elevated intestinal permeability, with increased abundance of pathobionts. These changes lead to excessive release of LPS and other bacterial products into blood, which in turn induce chronic systemic inflammation, which damages the blood-brain barrier (BBB). An impaired BBB allows the translocation of potentially harmful bacterial products, including LPS, and activated neutrophils/leucocytes into the brain, which results in neuroinflammation and apoptosis. Chronic neuroinflammation causes neuronal damage and synaptic loss, leading to memory impairment. LPS-induced inflammation causes inappropriate activation of microglia, astrocytes, and dendritic cells. Consequently, these alterations negatively affect mitochondrial function and lead to increases in oxidative/nitrative stress and neuronal senescence. These cellular changes in the brain give rise to specific clinical symptoms, such as impairment of locomotor function, muscle weakness, paralysis, learning deficits, and dementia. This review summarizes the contributing role of LPS in the development of neuroinflammation and neuronal cell death in various neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjunath Kalyan
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
- Centre for Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Central Animal Facility, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Ahmed Hediyal Tousif
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
- Centre for Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Central Animal Facility, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Sharma Sonali
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
- Centre for Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Central Animal Facility, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Chandrasekaran Vichitra
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
- Centre for Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Central Animal Facility, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Tuladhar Sunanda
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
- Centre for Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Central Animal Facility, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Sankar Simla Praveenraj
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Bipul Ray
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20892, USA
| | - Vasavi Rakesh Gorantla
- Department of Anatomical sciences, School of Medicine, St. George’s University Grenada, West Indies FZ818, Grenada
| | - Wiramon Rungratanawanich
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20892, USA
| | - Arehally M. Mahalakshmi
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - M. Walid Qoronfleh
- Q3CG Research Institute (QRI), Research & Policy Division, 7227 Rachel Drive, Ypsilanti, MI 48917, USA
- 21 Health Street, Consulting Services, 1 Christian Fields, London SW16 3JY, UK
| | - Tanya M. Monaghan
- National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Byoung-Joon Song
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20892, USA
- Correspondence: (B.-J.S.); (M.M.E.); (S.B.C.)
| | - Musthafa Mohamed Essa
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, CAMS, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman
- Aging and Dementia Research Group, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman
- Correspondence: (B.-J.S.); (M.M.E.); (S.B.C.)
| | - Saravana Babu Chidambaram
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
- Centre for Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Central Animal Facility, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
- Correspondence: (B.-J.S.); (M.M.E.); (S.B.C.)
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Esposito P, Ismail N. Linking Puberty and the Gut Microbiome to the Pathogenesis of Neurodegenerative Disorders. Microorganisms 2022; 10:2163. [PMID: 36363755 PMCID: PMC9697368 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10112163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Puberty is a critical period of development marked by the maturation of the central nervous system, immune system, and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Due to the maturation of these fundamental systems, this is a period of development that is particularly sensitive to stressors, increasing susceptibility to neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders later in life. The gut microbiome plays a critical role in the regulation of stress and immune responses, and gut dysbiosis has been implicated in the development of neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current knowledge about puberty, neurodegeneration, and the gut microbiome. We also examine the consequences of pubertal exposure to stress and gut dysbiosis on the development of neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. Understanding how alterations to the gut microbiome, particularly during critical periods of development (i.e., puberty), influence the pathogenesis of these disorders may allow for the development of therapeutic strategies to prevent them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Esposito
- NISE Laboratory, School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Nafissa Ismail
- NISE Laboratory, School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
- Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
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Erisken S, Nune G, Chung H, Kang JW, Koh S. Time and age dependent regulation of neuroinflammation in a rat model of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy: Correlation with human data. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:969364. [PMID: 36172274 PMCID: PMC9512631 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.969364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute brain insults trigger diverse cellular and signaling responses and often precipitate epilepsy. The cellular, molecular and signaling events relevant to the emergence of the epileptic brain, however, remain poorly understood. These multiplex structural and functional alterations tend also to be opposing - some homeostatic and reparative while others disruptive; some associated with growth and proliferation while others, with cell death. To differentiate pathological from protective consequences, we compared seizure-induced changes in gene expression hours and days following kainic acid (KA)-induced status epilepticus (SE) in postnatal day (P) 30 and P15 rats by capitalizing on age-dependent differential physiologic responses to KA-SE; only mature rats, not immature rats, have been shown to develop spontaneous recurrent seizures after KA-SE. To correlate gene expression profiles in epileptic rats with epilepsy patients and demonstrate the clinical relevance of our findings, we performed gene analysis on four patient samples obtained from temporal lobectomy and compared to four control brains from NICHD Brain Bank. Pro-inflammatory gene expressions were at higher magnitudes and more sustained in P30. The inflammatory response was driven by the cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-18 in the acute period up to 72 h and by IL-18 in the subacute period through the 10-day time point. In addition, a panoply of other immune system genes was upregulated, including chemokines, glia markers and adhesion molecules. Genes associated with the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways comprised the largest functional group identified. Through the integration of multiple ontological databases, we analyzed genes belonging to 13 separate pathways linked to Classical MAPK ERK, as well as stress activated protein kinases (SAPKs) p38 and JNK. Interestingly, genes belonging to the Classical MAPK pathways were mostly transiently activated within the first 24 h, while genes in the SAPK pathways had divergent time courses of expression, showing sustained activation only in P30. Genes in P30 also had different regulatory functions than in P15: P30 animals showed marked increases in positive regulators of transcription, of signaling pathways as well as of MAPKKK cascades. Many of the same inflammation-related genes as in epileptic rats were significantly upregulated in human hippocampus, higher than in lateral temporal neocortex. They included glia-associated genes, cytokines, chemokines and adhesion molecules and MAPK pathway genes. Uniquely expressed in human hippocampus were adaptive immune system genes including immune receptors CDs and MHC II HLAs. In the brain, many immune molecules have additional roles in synaptic plasticity and the promotion of neurite outgrowth. We propose that persistent changes in inflammatory gene expression after SE leads not only to structural damage but also to aberrant synaptogenesis that may lead to epileptogenesis. Furthermore, the sustained pattern of inflammatory genes upregulated in the epileptic mature brain was distinct from that of the immature brain that show transient changes and are resistant to cell death and neuropathologic changes. Our data suggest that the epileptogenic process may be a result of failed cellular signaling mechanisms, where insults overwhelm the system beyond a homeostatic threshold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinem Erisken
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - George Nune
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Neurology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Hyokwon Chung
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital & Medical Center, University of Nebraska, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Joon Won Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital & Medical Center, University of Nebraska, Omaha, NE, United States
- Department of Pediatrics & Medical Science, Brain Research Institute, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sookyong Koh
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital & Medical Center, University of Nebraska, Omaha, NE, United States
- *Correspondence: Sookyong Koh,
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26
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Lin H, Dixon SG, Hu W, Hamlett ED, Jin J, Ergul A, Wang GY. p38 MAPK Is a Major Regulator of Amyloid Beta-Induced IL-6 Expression in Human Microglia. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:5284-5298. [PMID: 35697992 PMCID: PMC9398979 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02909-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques in the brain is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. Microglial activation-mediated neuroinflammation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of AD and the expression levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) were increased in the brains of AD patients. However, the mechanisms by which IL-6 expression is regulated in human microglia are incompletely understood. Here, we show that Aβ1-40 oligomers (Aβ40) dose-dependently stimulate IL-6 expression in HMC3 human microglial cells. Treatment with Aβ40 promotes the transcription of IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) mRNAs in both HMC3 and THP-1 cells. Mechanistic studies reveal that Aβ40-induced increase of IL-6 secretion is associated with the activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK). Inhibition of p38 MAPK by BIRB 796 or SB202190 abrogates Aβ40-induced increase of IL-6 production. Through analyzing brain specimens, we found that the immunoreactivity for IL-6 and phosphorylated (the activated form) p38 MAPK was markedly higher in microglia of AD patients than in age-matched control subjects. Moreover, our studies identified the co-localization of IL-6 with phosphorylated p38 MAPK in microglia in the cortices of AD patients. Taken together, these results indicate that p38 MAPK is a major regulator of Aβ-induced IL-6 production in human microglia, which suggests that targeting p38 MAPK may represent a new approach to ameliorate Aβ accumulation-induced neuroinflammation in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houmin Lin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 171 Ashley Avenue, MSC908, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine in Liver Injury and Repair, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001, Guangxi, China
| | - Steven Grant Dixon
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 171 Ashley Avenue, MSC908, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 171 Ashley Avenue, MSC908, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Eric D Hamlett
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 171 Ashley Avenue, MSC908, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Junfei Jin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine in Liver Injury and Repair, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001, Guangxi, China
| | - Adviye Ergul
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 171 Ashley Avenue, MSC908, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
- Ralph H. Johnson VAMC, Charleston, SC, 29403, USA
| | - Gavin Y Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 171 Ashley Avenue, MSC908, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
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27
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Micheli L, Toti A, Lucarini E, Ferrara V, Ciampi C, Olivero G, Pittaluga A, Mattoli L, Pelucchini C, Burico M, Lucci J, Carrino D, Pacini A, Pallanti S, Di Cesare Mannelli L, Ghelardini C. Efficacy of a vegetal mixture composed of Zingiber officinale, Echinacea purpurea, and Centella asiatica in a mouse model of neuroinflammation: In vivo and ex vivo analysis. Front Nutr 2022; 9:887378. [PMID: 36118773 PMCID: PMC9472218 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.887378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Experimental evidence suggests that neuroinflammation is a key pathological event of many diseases affecting the nervous system. It has been well recognized that these devastating illnesses (e.g., Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, depression, and chronic pain) are multifactorial, involving many pathogenic mechanisms, reason why pharmacological treatments are unsatisfactory. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a vegetal mixture capable of offering a multiple approach required to manage the multifactoriality of neuroinflammation. A mixture composed of Zingiber officinale (150 mg kg−1), Echinacea purpurea (20 mg kg−1), and Centella asiatica (200 mg kg−1) was tested in a mouse model of systemic neuroinflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 1 mg kg−1). Repeated treatment with the vegetal mixture was able to completely counteract thermal and mechanical allodynia as reported by the Cold plate and von Frey tests, respectively, and to reduce the motor impairments as demonstrated by the Rota rod test. Moreover, the mixture was capable of neutralizing the memory loss in the Passive avoidance test and reducing depressive-like behavior in the Porsolt test, while no efficacy was shown in decreasing anhedonia as demonstrated by the Sucrose preference test. Finally, LPS stimulation caused a significant increase in the activation of glial cells, of the central complement proteins and of inflammatory cytokines in selected regions of the central nervous system (CNS), which were rebalanced in animals treated with the vegetal mixture. In conclusion, the vegetal mixture tested thwarted the plethora of symptoms evoked by LPS, thus being a potential candidate for future investigations in the context of neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Micheli
- Neurofarba—Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- *Correspondence: Laura Micheli,
| | - Alessandra Toti
- Neurofarba—Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Lucarini
- Neurofarba—Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Valentina Ferrara
- Neurofarba—Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Clara Ciampi
- Neurofarba—Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Guendalina Olivero
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Anna Pittaluga
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Luisa Mattoli
- Innovation and Medical Science Division, Aboca SpA Società Agricola, Sansepolcro, Italy
| | - Caroline Pelucchini
- Innovation and Medical Science Division, Aboca SpA Società Agricola, Sansepolcro, Italy
| | - Michela Burico
- Innovation and Medical Science Division, Aboca SpA Società Agricola, Sansepolcro, Italy
| | - Jacopo Lucci
- Innovation and Medical Science Division, Aboca SpA Società Agricola, Sansepolcro, Italy
| | - Donatello Carrino
- Anatomy and Histology Section, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pacini
- Anatomy and Histology Section, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Stefano Pallanti
- Psychiatry Section, Department of Neurofarba, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- Institute of Neuroscience, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Di Cesare Mannelli
- Neurofarba—Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Carla Ghelardini
- Neurofarba—Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Inhibition of Monoacylglycerol Lipase by NSD1819 as an Effective Strategy for the Endocannabinoid System Modulation against Neuroinflammation-Related Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158428. [PMID: 35955562 PMCID: PMC9369272 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a key pathological event shared by different diseases affecting the nervous system. Since the underlying mechanism of neuroinflammation is a complex and multifaceted process, current pharmacological treatments are unsatisfactory—a reason why new therapeutic approaches are mandatory. In this context, the endocannabinoid system has proven to possess neuroprotective and immunomodulatory actions under neuroinflammatory status, and its modulation could represent a valuable approach to address different inflammatory processes. To this aim, we evaluated the efficacy of a repeated treatment with NSD1819, a potent β-lactam-based monoacylglycerol lipase inhibitor in a mouse model of neuroinflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection. Mice were intraperitoneally injected with LPS 1 mg/kg for five consecutive days to induce systemic inflammation. Concurrently, NSD1819 (3 mg/kg) was daily per os administered from day 1 until the end of the experiment (day 11). Starting from day 8, behavioral measurements were performed to evaluate the effect of the treatment on cognitive impairments, allodynia, motor alterations, anhedonia, and depressive-like behaviors evoked by LPS. Histologically, glial analysis of the spinal cord was also performed. The administration of NSD1819 was able to completely counteract thermal and mechanical allodynia as highlighted by the Cold plate and von Frey tests, respectively, and to reduce motor impairments as demonstrated by the Rota rod test. Moreover, the compound was capable of neutralizing the memory loss in the Passive avoidance test, and reducing depressive-like behavior in the Porsolt test. Finally, LPS stimulation caused a significant glial cells activation in the dorsal horn of the lumbar spinal cord that was significantly recovered by NSD1819 repeated treatment. In conclusion, NSD1819 was able to thwart the plethora of symptoms evoked by LPS, thus representing a promising candidate for future applications in the context of neuroinflammation and related diseases.
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Kee TR, Wehinger JL, Gonzalez PE, Nguyen E, McGill Percy KC, Khan SA, Chaput D, Wang X, Liu T, Kang DE, Woo JAA. Pathological characterization of a novel mouse model expressing the PD-linked CHCHD2-T61I mutation. Hum Mol Genet 2022; 31:3987-4005. [PMID: 35786718 PMCID: PMC9703812 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Coiled-coil-helix-coiled-coil-helix domain containing 2 (CHCHD2) is a mitochondrial protein that plays important roles in cristae structure, oxidative phosphorylation and apoptosis. Multiple mutations in CHCHD2 have been associated with Lewy body disorders (LBDs), such as Parkinson's disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies, with the CHCHD2-T61I mutation being the most widely studied. However, at present, only CHCHD2 knockout or CHCHD2/CHCHD10 double knockout mouse models have been investigated. They do not recapitulate the pathology seen in patients with CHCHD2 mutations. We generated the first transgenic mouse model expressing the human PD-linked CHCHD2-T61I mutation driven by the mPrP promoter. We show that CHCHD2-T61I Tg mice exhibit perinuclear mitochondrial aggregates, neuroinflammation, and have impaired long-term synaptic plasticity associated with synaptic dysfunction. Dopaminergic neurodegeneration, a hallmark of PD, is also observed along with α-synuclein pathology. Significant motor dysfunction is seen with no changes in learning and memory at 1 year of age. A minor proportion of the CHCHD2-T61I Tg mice (~10%) show a severe motor phenotype consistent with human Pisa Syndrome, an atypical PD phenotype. Unbiased proteomics analysis reveals surprising increases in many insoluble proteins predominantly originating from mitochondria and perturbing multiple canonical biological pathways as assessed by ingenuity pathway analysis, including neurodegenerative disease-associated proteins such as tau, cofilin, SOD1 and DJ-1. Overall, CHCHD2-T61I Tg mice exhibit pathological and motor changes associated with LBDs, indicating that this model successfully captures phenotypes seen in human LBD patients with CHCHD2 mutations and demonstrates changes in neurodegenerative disease-associated proteins, which delineates relevant pathological pathways for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa R Kee
- Department of Pathology, CWRU School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA,Department of Molecular of Medicine, USF Health College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33613, USA
| | - Jessica L Wehinger
- Department of Molecular of Medicine, USF Health College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33613, USA
| | | | - Eric Nguyen
- Department of Molecular of Medicine, USF Health College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33613, USA
| | | | - Sophia A Khan
- Department of Pathology, CWRU School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Dale Chaput
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Xinming Wang
- Department of Pathology, CWRU School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Tian Liu
- Department of Pathology, CWRU School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - David E Kang
- Department of Pathology, CWRU School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA,Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Jung-A A Woo
- To whom correspondence should be addressed at: Department of Pathology, CWRU School of Medicine, 2103 Cornell Rd, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA. Tel: +1 2163680052; Fax: +1 2163680494;
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Stress level of glucocorticoid exacerbates neuronal damage and Aβ production through activating NLRP1 inflammasome in primary cultured hippocampal neurons of APP-PS1 mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 110:108972. [PMID: 35777263 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoid (GC), secreted by adrenal cortex, plays important roles in regulating many physiological functions, while chronic stress level of GC exposure has many adverse effects on the structure and function of hippocampal neurons, and is closely implicated to the deterioration of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Oxidative stress and neuroinflammation play an important role in the occurrence and development of AD. However, it is still unclear whether chronic GC exposure promotes beta-amyloid (Aβ) accumulation and neuronal injury by increasing oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. In this study, we investigated the effects of chronic GC exposure on NOX2-NLRP1 inflammasome activation and the protective effects of NLRP1-siRNA against GC-induced neuronal injury in primary hippocampal neurons of APP/PS1 mice. The results showed that chronic dexamethasone (DEX, 1 µM) exposure 72 h had no significant effect on the primary hippocampal neurons of WT mice, but significantly increased Aβ1-42 accumulation (2.17 ± 0.19 fold in APP group and 3.06 ± 0.49 fold in APP + DEX group over WT group) and neuronal injury in primary hippocampal neurons of APP/PS1 mice. Meanwhile, chronic DEX exposure significantly increased the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and IL-1β, and significantly up-regulated the expressions of NOX2- and NLRP1-related proteins and mRNAs in primary hippocampal neurons of APP/PS1 mice but not in WT mice. Moreover, inhibition of NLRP1 by NLRP1-siRNA treatment also significantly alleviated neuronal injury and Aβ1-42 accumulation (1.96 ± 0.11 fold in APP + DEX group and 0.25 ± 0.01 fold in APP + NLRP1-siRNA + DEX group over APP group), and down-regulated the expressions of APP, BACE1, NCSTN and p-TAU/TAU in chronic DEX-induced hippocampal neurons of APP/PS1 mice. The results suggest that chronic GC exposure can accelerate neuronal damage and Aβ production by activating oxidative stress and NLRP1 inflammasome in primary hippocampal neurons of APP/PS1 mice, resulting in deterioration of AD.And inhibition of NLRP1 inflammasome may be an important strategy in improving chronic GC-induced neuronal injury.
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Puris E, Kouřil Š, Najdekr L, Auriola S, Loppi S, Korhonen P, Gómez-Budia M, Fricker G, Kanninen KM, Malm T, Friedecký D, Gynther M. Metabolomic, lipidomic and proteomic characterisation of lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation mouse model. Neuroscience 2022; 496:165-178. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Yi-Bin W, Xiang L, Bing Y, Qi Z, Fei-Tong J, Minghong W, Xiangxiang Z, Le K, Yan L, Ping S, Yufei G, Ye X, Chun-Yan W. Inhibition of the CEBPβ-NFκB interaction by nanocarrier-packaged Carnosic acid ameliorates glia-mediated neuroinflammation and improves cognitive function in an Alzheimer's disease model. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:318. [PMID: 35393391 PMCID: PMC8989877 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04765-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation occurs early in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The initial stage of AD is related to glial dysfunction, which contributes to impairment of Aβ clearance and disruption of synaptic connection. CEBPβ, a member of the CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein (CEBP) family, modulates the expression of inflammation-associated genes, and its expression is elevated in brains undergoing degeneration and injured brains. However, the mechanism underlying CEBPβ-mediated chronic inflammation in AD is unclear. In this study, we observed that increases in the levels of nuclear CEBPβ facilitated the interaction of CEBPβ with the NFκB p65 subunit, increasing the transcription of proinflammatory cytokines in the APP/PS1 mouse brain. Oral administration of nanocarrier-packaged carnosic acid (CA) reduced the aberrant activation of microglia and astrocytes and diminished mature IL-1β, TNFα and IL-6 production in the APP/PS1 mouse brain. CA administration reduced β-amyloid (Aβ) deposition and ameliorated cognitive impairment in APP/PS1 mice. We observed that CA blocked the interaction of CEBPβ with NFκB p65, and chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed that CA reduced the transcription of the NFκB target genes TNFα and IL-6. We confirmed that CA alleviated inflammatory mediator-induced neuronal degeneration and reduced Aβ secretion by inhibiting the CEBPβ-NFκB signalling pathway in vitro. Sulfobutyl ether-beta-cyclodextrin (SBEβCD) was used as the encapsulation agent for the CA-loaded nanocarrier to overcome the poor water solubility and enhance the brain bioavailability of CA. The CA nanoparticles (NPs) had no obvious toxicity. We demonstrated a feasible SBEβCD-based nanodelivery system targeting the brain. Our data provide experimental evidence that CA-loaded NPs are potential therapeutic agents for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Yi-Bin
- Institute of Health Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Li Xiang
- Institute of Health Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Yang Bing
- Institute of Health Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Zhang Qi
- Institute of Health Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Jiao Fei-Tong
- Translational Medicine Laboratory, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, 132013, China
| | - Wang Minghong
- Translational Medicine Laboratory, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, 132013, China
| | - Zhang Xiangxiang
- Institute of Health Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Kang Le
- Institute of Health Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Li Yan
- Institute of Health Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Sui Ping
- Institute of Health Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Gao Yufei
- Institute of Health Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Xu Ye
- Translational Medicine Laboratory, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, 132013, China.
| | - Wang Chun-Yan
- Institute of Health Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China. .,Translational Medicine Laboratory, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, 132013, China.
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Zhou X, Venigalla M, Raju R, Münch G. Pharmacological considerations for treating neuroinflammation with curcumin in Alzheimer's disease. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2022; 129:755-771. [PMID: 35294663 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-022-02480-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Prof. Dr. Peter Riederer, the former Head of the Neurochemistry Department of the Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Clinic at the University of Würzburg (Germany), has been one of the pioneers of research into oxidative stress in Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease (AD). This review will outline how his scientific contribution to the field has opened a new direction for AD treatment beyond "plaques and tangles". In the 1990s, Prof. Riederer was one of the first scientists who proposed oxidative stress and neuroinflammation as one of the major contributors to Alzheimer's disease, despite the overwhelming support for the "amyloid-only" hypothesis at the time, which postulated that the sole and only cause of AD is β-amyloid. His group also highlighted the role of advanced glycation end products, sugar and dicarbonyl-derived protein modifications, which crosslink proteins into insoluble aggregates and potent pro-inflammatory activators of microglia. For the treatment of chronic neuroinflammation, he and his group suggested that the most appropriate drug class would be cytokine-suppressive anti-inflammatory drugs (CSAIDs) which have a broader anti-inflammatory action range than conventional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. One of the most potent CSAIDs is curcumin, but it suffers from a variety of pharmacokinetic disadvantages including low bioavailability, which might have tainted many human clinical trials. Although a variety of oral formulations with increased bioavailability have been developed, curcumin's absorption after oral delivery is too low to reach therapeutic concentrations in the micromolar range in the systemic circulation and the brain. This review will conclude with evidence that rectally applied suppositories might be the best alternatives to oral medications, as this route will be able to evade first-pass metabolism in the liver and achieve high concentrations of curcumin in plasma and tissues, including the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Zhou
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, 158-160 Hawkesbury Rd, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Madhuri Venigalla
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, 2560, Australia
| | - Ritesh Raju
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, 2560, Australia
| | - Gerald Münch
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, 2560, Australia.
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Santos J, Dalla PV, Milthorpe BK. Molecular Dynamics of Cytokine Interactions and Signalling of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Undergoing Directed Neural-like Differentiation. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12030392. [PMID: 35330143 PMCID: PMC8948714 DOI: 10.3390/life12030392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells are a continually expanding area in research and clinical applications. Their usefulness and capacity to differentiate into various cells, particularly neural types, has driven the research area for several years. Neural differentiation has considerable usefulness. There are several successful differentiation techniques of mesenchymal stem cells that employ the use of small molecules, growth factors and commercially available kits and supplements. Phenotyping, molecular biology, genomics and proteomics investigation revealed a wealth of data about these cells during neurogenic differentiation. However, there remain large gaps in the knowledge base, particularly related to cytokines and how their role, drive mechanisms and the downstream signalling processes change with their varied expression throughout the differentiation process. In this study, adult mesenchymal stem cells were induced with neurogenic differentiation media, the cellular changes monitored by live-cell microscopy and the changes in cytokine expression in the intracellular region, secretion into the media and in the extracellular vesicle cargo were examined and analysed bioinformatically. Through this analysis, the up-regulation of key cytokines was revealed, and several neuroprotective and neurotrophic roles were displayed. Statistically significant molecules IFN-G, IL1B, IL6, TNF-A, have roles in astrocyte development. Furthermore, the cytokine bioinformatics suggests the Janus Kinase/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway is upregulated, supporting differentiation toward an astroglial lineage.
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Neuroprotective Effect of HIIT against GFAP Hypertrophy through Mitochondrial Dynamics in APP/PS1 Mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:1764589. [PMID: 35154563 PMCID: PMC8828355 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1764589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the accumulation of β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques and tau neurofibrillary tangles in the brain. Although the exact details of the neuronal protective effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on AD remain unclear, the preclinical phase of AD appears to be the important time point for such intervention. The described experiment investigates the neuroprotective effect of HIIT on AD in APP/PS1 mice. In total, 14 C57BL6 healthy control (C) mice and 14 APP/PS1 AD mice were each randomly assigned into two groups, one that did not participate in HIIT (C and AD groups, respectively) and the other subject to HIIT intervention (control HIIT (CE) and AD HIIT (ADE) groups, respectively). Visualization of hippocampal neuronal cells via HE and Congo red staining showed significant improvement in cell status and a significant reduction in amyloidosis in ADE compared with AD. The results of behavioral analysis show that the HIIT intervention significantly improved cognitive decline and reduced spatial exploration in both the C and AD groups. Immunofluorescence showed that the overall brain and the hippocampus of aged rats in the C and AD groups had different degrees of neuroglial responses and astrocyte GFAP proliferation and hypertrophy, with obvious improvement in the CE and ADE groups after 10 weeks of HIIT intervention. These results show that HIIT significantly improves the status of mitochondrial kinetic proteins and related proteins, with the mechanism differing between the normal aging C and the AD groups. 10 weeks of HIIT improved the imbalance in mitochondrial dynamics present in normal control mice and in AD mice. We conclude that preclinical training intervention has a significant positive effect on the exploratory behavior and cognitive functioning of mice.
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Kabir MT, Rahman MH, Shah M, Jamiruddin MR, Basak D, Al-Harrasi A, Bhatia S, Ashraf GM, Najda A, El-Kott AF, Mohamed HRH, Al-Malky HS, Germoush MO, Altyar AE, Alwafai EB, Ghaboura N, Abdel-Daim MM. Therapeutic promise of carotenoids as antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents in neurodegenerative disorders. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 146:112610. [PMID: 35062074 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders (NDs) including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, and multiple sclerosis have various disease-specific causal factors and pathological features. A very common characteristic of NDs is oxidative stress (OS), which takes place due to the elevated generation of reactive oxygen species during the progression of NDs. Furthermore, the pathological condition of NDs including an increased level of protein aggregates can further lead to chronic inflammation because of the microglial activation. Carotenoids (CTs) are naturally occurring pigments that play a significant role in averting brain disorders. More than 750 CTs are present in nature, and they are widely available in plants, microorganisms, and animals. CTs are accountable for the red, yellow, and orange pigments in several animals and plants, and these colors usually indicate various types of CTs. CTs exert various bioactive properties because of its characteristic structure, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Due to the protective properties of CTs, levels of CTs in the human body have been markedly linked with the prevention and treatment of multiple diseases including NDs. In this review, we have summarized the relationship between OS, neuroinflammation, and NDs. In addition, we have also particularly focused on the antioxidants and anti-inflammatory properties of CTs in the management of NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Tanvir Kabir
- Department of Pharmacy, Brac University, 66 Mohakhali, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Md Habibur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Banani, Dhaka 1213, Bangladesh; Department of Global Medical Science, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju 26426, Gangwon-do, South Korea.
| | - Muddaser Shah
- Department of Botany, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | | | - Debasish Basak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Larkin University, Miami, FL 33169, United States
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Saurabh Bhatia
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman; School of Health Science, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Prem Nagar, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- Pre-Clinical Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Agnieszka Najda
- Department of Vegetable and Herbal Crops, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 50A Doświadczalna Street, 20-280 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Attalla F El-Kott
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; Zoology Department, College of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt
| | - Hanan R H Mohamed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Hamdan S Al-Malky
- Regional Drug Information Center, Ministry of Health, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mousa O Germoush
- Biology Department, College of Science, Jouf University, P.O. Box: 2014, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed E Altyar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80260, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Esraa B Alwafai
- Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nehmat Ghaboura
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia; Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.
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Ledezma C, Coria-Lucero C, Castro A, Leporatti J, Perez M, Delgado S, Anzulovich AC, Navigatore-Fonzo L. Day-night oscillations of cognitive functions, TNF alpha and clock -related factors expression are modified by an intracerebroventricular injection of amyloid beta peptide in rat. Neurochem Int 2022; 154:105277. [PMID: 35007657 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2022.105277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia characterized by a gradual impairment in cognitive functions. Recent research have shown that TNF-α is a proinflammatory cytokine implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, such as AD. Besides cognitive deficit, AD patients show alterations in their circadian rhythms. The objective of this work was to investigate the effects of an intracerebroventricular injection of Aß aggregates on temporal patterns of cognitive functions and on daily rhythms of Aβ, TNFα, BMAL1 and RORα protein levels in the rat prefrontal cortex. Four-month-old males Holtzman rats were used in this study. Groups were defined as: control and Aβ-injected rats. Rats were maintained under 12h-light:12h-dark throughout the entire experimental period. Prefrontal cortex samples were isolated every 4 h during a 24h period. Our results demonstrated that an intracerebroventricular injection of Aß aggregates impaired learning and memory in rats at ZT 2 and ZT 14 and modified daily patterns of Aβ, TNFα, and clock-related factors in the rat prefrontal cortex. Our findings showed that the increase of Aß altered temporal patterns of TNFα, and, consequently, induced alterations in daily rhythms of clock-related factors, affecting the cognitive performance of animals with Alzheimer's.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Ledezma
- Laboratory of Chronobiology, National Council of Science and Technology (CONICET), National University of San Luis (UNSL), Av Ejército de los Andes N° 950, D5700HHW, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Cinthia Coria-Lucero
- Laboratory of Chronobiology, National Council of Science and Technology (CONICET), National University of San Luis (UNSL), Av Ejército de los Andes N° 950, D5700HHW, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Andrea Castro
- Laboratory of Chronobiology, National Council of Science and Technology (CONICET), National University of San Luis (UNSL), Av Ejército de los Andes N° 950, D5700HHW, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Jorge Leporatti
- Faculty of Economic, Legal and Social Sciences, National University of San Luis (UNSL), Campus Universitario: Ruta Prov. Nº 55 (Ex. 148) Extremo Norte, Argentina
| | - Mariela Perez
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology of Cordoba (CONICET), 5700HHW, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Silvia Delgado
- Laboratory of Chronobiology, National Council of Science and Technology (CONICET), National University of San Luis (UNSL), Av Ejército de los Andes N° 950, D5700HHW, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Ana Cecilia Anzulovich
- Laboratory of Chronobiology, National Council of Science and Technology (CONICET), National University of San Luis (UNSL), Av Ejército de los Andes N° 950, D5700HHW, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Lorena Navigatore-Fonzo
- Laboratory of Chronobiology, National Council of Science and Technology (CONICET), National University of San Luis (UNSL), Av Ejército de los Andes N° 950, D5700HHW, San Luis, Argentina.
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The Effects of Modified Curcumin Preparations on Glial Morphology in Aging and Neuroinflammation. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:813-824. [PMID: 34988899 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03499-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is characterized by reactive microglia and astrocytes (collectively called gliosis) in the central nervous system and is considered as one of the main pathological hallmarks in different neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, age-related dementia, and multiple sclerosis. Upon activation, glia undergoes structural and morphological changes such as the microglial cells swell in size and astrocytes become bushy, which play both beneficial and detrimental roles. Hence, they are unable to perform the normal physiological role in brain immunity. Curcumin, a cytokine suppressive anti-inflammatory drug, has a high proven pre-clinical potency and efficacy to reverse chronic neuroinflammation by attenuating the activation and morphological changes that occur in the microglia and astrocytes. This review will highlight the recent findings on the tree structure changes of microglia and astrocytes in neuroinflammation and the effects of curcumin against the activation and morphology of glial cells.
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Doroszkiewicz J, Mroczko P, Kulczyńska-Przybik A. Inflammation in the CNS - understanding various aspects of the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Curr Alzheimer Res 2021; 19:16-31. [PMID: 34856902 PMCID: PMC9127729 DOI: 10.2174/1567205018666211202143935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive and deadly neurodegenerative disorder, and one of the most common causes of dementia in the world. Current, insufficiently sensitive and specific methods of early diagnosis and monitoring of this disease prompt a search for new tools. Numerous literature data indicate that the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is not limited to the neuronal compartment, but involves various immunological mechanisms. Neuroinflammation has been recognized as a very important process in AD pathology. It seems to play pleiotropic roles, both neuroprotective as well as neurodegenerative, in the development of cognitive impairment depending on the stage of the disease. Mounting evidence demonstrates that inflammatory proteins could be considered biomarkers of disease progression. Therefore, the present review summarizes the role of some inflammatory molecules and their potential utility in the detection and monitoring of dementia severity. The paper also provides a valuable insight into new mechanisms leading to the development of dementia, which might be useful in discovering possible anti-inflammatory treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Doroszkiewicz
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok. Poland
| | - Piotr Mroczko
- Department of Criminal Law and Criminology, Faculty of Law, University of Bialystok, Bialystok. Poland
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Uddin MS, Kabir MT, Begum MM, Islam MS, Behl T, Ashraf GM. Exploring the Role of CLU in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease. Neurotox Res 2021; 39:2108-2119. [PMID: 32820456 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-020-00271-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic and devastating neurodegenerative disorder that is affecting elderly people at an increasing rate. Clusterin (CLU), an extracellular chaperone, is an ubiquitously expressed protein that can be identified in various body fluids and tissues. Expression of CLU can lead to various processes including suppression of complement system, lipid transport, chaperone function, and also controlling neuronal cell death and cell survival mechanisms. Studies have confirmed that the level of CLU expression is increased in AD. Furthermore, CLU also decreased the toxicity and aggregation of amyloid beta (Aβ). However when the Aβ level was far greater than CLU, then the amyloid generation was increased. CLU was also found to incorporate in the amyloid aggregates, which were more harmful as compared with the Aβ42 aggregates alone. Growing evidence indicates that CLU plays roles in AD pathogenesis via various processes, including aggregation and clearance of Aβ, neuroinflammation, lipid metabolism, Wnt signaling, copper homeostasis, and regulation of neuronal cell cycle and apoptosis. In this article, we represent the critical interaction of CLU and AD based on recent advances. Furthermore, we have also focused on the Aβ-dependent and Aβ-independent mechanisms by which CLU plays a role in AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sahab Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
- Pharmakon Neuroscience Research Network, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
| | | | | | | | - Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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41
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Romanenko AV, Amelina IP, Solovyeva EY. [Vascular inflammation underlies the development of atherothrombotic stroke]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2021; 121:22-29. [PMID: 34553577 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro202112108222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Atherothrombotic stroke is the one of the most common subtypes of ischemic cerebral circulatory disorders, the cause of which is atherosclerosis of the major arteries of the brain or their branches. The results of recent studies have shown that the atherosclerotic process is based on an inflammatory process in the vascular wall that leads to the initiation of atherosclerosis, endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and the redistribution of various protein components in the blood-brain barrier. As a result, the progression of the described conditions leads to the manifestation of clinical symptoms and the formation of an acute vascular event. Understanding of the molecular components underlying functional disorders and damages of the cerebral vessels gives the key to modern therapy strategies. It is forming the foundation for the adequate, pathogenetically reasonable drug correction. For such patients, it should be aimed at the normalization of cerebral and central hemodynamics and incorporate the mechanisms of neuroplasticity. The drug 2-ethyl-6-methyl-3-oxypyridine-succinate (mexidol) can be considered as one of the pathogenetically justified agents in complex drug therapy of brain ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Romanenko
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - I P Amelina
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - E Yu Solovyeva
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
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Sanchez-Molina P, Almolda B, Benseny-Cases N, González B, Perálvarez-Marín A, Castellano B. Specific microglial phagocytic phenotype and decrease of lipid oxidation in white matter areas during aging: Implications of different microenvironments. Neurobiol Aging 2021; 105:280-295. [PMID: 34139605 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2021.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Physiological aging is characterized by an imbalance of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators leading to neuroinflammation. Microglial cells, which are highly regulated by the local microenvironment, undergo specific changes depending upon the brain area during aging. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of age over microglial cells along different brain areas and microenvironments. For this purpose, transgenic mice with overproduction of either the anti-inflammatory IL-10 cytokine or the pro-inflammatory IL-6 cytokine were used. Our results show that, during aging, microglial cells located in white matter (WM) areas maintain their phagocytic capacity but present a specific phagocytic phenotype with receptors involved in myelin recognition, arguing for aging-derived myelin damage. Whereas IL-10 overproduction anticipates the age-related microglial phagocytic phenotype, maintaining it over time, IL-6 overproduction exacerbates this phenotype in aging. These modifications were linked with a higher efficiency of myelin engulfment by microglia in aged transgenic animals. Moreover, we show, in a novel way, lower lipid oxidation during aging in WM areas, regardless of the genotype. The novelty of the insights presented in this study open a window to deeply investigate myelin lipid oxidation and the role of microglial cells in its regulation during physiological aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Sanchez-Molina
- Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Almolda
- Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Núria Benseny-Cases
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Source, Carrer de la Llum 2-26, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Berta González
- Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alex Perálvarez-Marín
- Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Bernardo Castellano
- Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
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Huang D, Cao Y, Zu T, Ju J. Interference with long noncoding RNA SNHG3 alleviates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting microglial activation. J Leukoc Biol 2021; 111:759-769. [PMID: 34411323 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.1a0421-190r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation plays a strong part in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, and microglial activation is regarded as a marker for neuroinflammation. Long noncoding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 3 (lncRNA SNHG3) is heavily expressed in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion models, but its mechanism is rarely studied. This study aims to explore whether SNHG3 is involved in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by promoting microglial activation and inflammatory factor secretion. Activation of microglia was induced through oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) or LPS and the cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice was induced by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO). Levels of SNHG3, IL-6, and TNF-α were determined by quantitative real-time PCR. Immunofluorescence was used for the detection of Iba-1 expression. Western blot was carried out for the detection of Iba-1 and histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) protein levels. An ELISA was performed to detect TNF-α and IL-6 levels. RNA pull-down, RNA immunoprecipitation, and co-Immunoprecipitation assays were conducted to detect the binding between SNHG3 and HDAC3. A H&E staining assay was applied to observe pathologic changes. Microglial activation was observed with immunohistochemistry. Levels of SNHG3, microglial activation marker Iba-1, proinflammatory factors (TNF-α and IL-6) were highly expressed in cell models (treated with OGD/R or LPS) and mouse models (tMCAO). Besides, SNHG3 could bind to HDAC3 and promote its expression. Through further study, we found that SNHG3 could stabilize the protein levels of HDAC3 and inhibit the ubiquitination of HDAC3. Furthermore, interference with SNHG3 down-regulated the levels of HDAC3, Iba-1, TNF-α, and IL-6, whereas the overexpression of HDAC3 reversed the results. The H&E staining assay demonstrated that the condition of vacuoles of different sizes, uneven cytoplasmic staining, and inflammatory infiltration in the brain tissue was improved by interference with SNHG3. The immunohistochemistry result showed that microglial activation marker Iba-1 was increased in the shRNA-SNHG3 group, indicating that interference with SNHG3 inhibited the activation of microglia in the brain. LncRNA SNHG3 aggravated cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by promoting the activation of microglia, increasing the levels of HDAC3, and the secretion of inflammatory factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dezhang Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanbin Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Weihai, China
| | - Tingting Zu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Shouguang People's Hospital, Shouguang, China
| | - Jianghua Ju
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
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Mortada I, Farah R, Nabha S, Ojcius DM, Fares Y, Almawi WY, Sadier NS. Immunotherapies for Neurodegenerative Diseases. Front Neurol 2021; 12:654739. [PMID: 34163421 PMCID: PMC8215715 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.654739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The current treatments for neurodegenerative diseases are mostly symptomatic without affecting the underlying cause of disease. Emerging evidence supports a potential role for immunotherapy in the management of disease progression. Numerous reports raise the exciting prospect that either the immune system or its derivative components could be harnessed to fight the misfolded and aggregated proteins that accumulate in several neurodegenerative diseases. Passive and active vaccinations using monoclonal antibodies and specific antigens that induce adaptive immune responses are currently under evaluation for their potential use in the development of immunotherapies. In this review, we aim to shed light on prominent immunotherapeutic strategies being developed to fight neuroinflammation-induced neurodegeneration, with a focus on innovative immunotherapies such as vaccination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Mortada
- Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Raymond Farah
- Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sanaa Nabha
- Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - David M Ojcius
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of the Pacific, Arthur Dugoni School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Youssef Fares
- Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Wassim Y Almawi
- College of Health Sciences, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Najwane Said Sadier
- Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.,College of Health Sciences, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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New epigenetic players in stroke pathogenesis: From non-coding RNAs to exosomal non-coding RNAs. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 140:111753. [PMID: 34044272 PMCID: PMC8222190 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have critical role in the pathophysiology as well as recovery after ischemic stroke. ncRNAs, particularly microRNAs, and the long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are critical for angiogenesis and neuroprotection, and they have been suggested to be therapeutic, diagnostic and prognostic tools in cerebrovascular diseases, including stroke. Moreover, exosomes have been considered as nanocarriers capable of transferring various cargos, such as lncRNAs and miRNAs to recipient cells, with prominent inter-cellular roles in the mediation of neuro-restorative events following strokes and neural injuries. In this review, we summarize the pathogenic role of ncRNAs and exosomal ncRNAs in the stroke.
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Schwab N, Ju Y, Hazrati LN. Early onset senescence and cognitive impairment in a murine model of repeated mTBI. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2021; 9:82. [PMID: 33964983 PMCID: PMC8106230 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-021-01190-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) results in broad neurological symptoms and an increased risk of being diagnosed with a neurodegenerative disease later in life. While the immediate oxidative stress response and post-mortem pathology of the injured brain has been well studied, it remains unclear how early pathogenic changes may drive persistent symptoms and confer susceptibility to neurodegeneration. In this study we have used a mouse model of repeated mTBI (rmTBI) to identify early gene expression changes at 24 h or 7 days post-injury (7 dpi). At 24 h post-injury, gene expression of rmTBI mice shows activation of the DNA damage response (DDR) towards double strand DNA breaks, altered calcium and cell–cell signalling, and inhibition of cell death pathways. By 7 dpi, rmTBI mice had a gene expression signature consistent with induction of cellular senescence, activation of neurodegenerative processes, and inhibition of the DDR. At both timepoints gliosis, microgliosis, and axonal damage were evident in the absence of any gross lesion, and by 7 dpi rmTBI also mice had elevated levels of IL1β, p21, 53BP1, DNA2, and p53, supportive of DNA damage-induced cellular senescence. These gene expression changes reflect establishment of processes usually linked to brain aging and suggests that cellular senescence occurs early and most likely prior to the accumulation of toxic proteins. These molecular changes were accompanied by spatial learning and memory deficits in the Morris water maze. To conclude, we have identified DNA damage-induced cellular senescence as a repercussion of repeated mild traumatic brain injury which correlates with cognitive impairment. Pathways involved in senescence may represent viable treatment targets of post-concussive syndrome. Senescence has been proposed to promote neurodegeneration and appears as an effective target to prevent long-term complications of mTBI, such as chronic traumatic encephalopathy and other related neurodegenerative pathologies.
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Bao W, Xie F, Zuo C, Guan Y, Huang YH. PET Neuroimaging of Alzheimer's Disease: Radiotracers and Their Utility in Clinical Research. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:624330. [PMID: 34025386 PMCID: PMC8134674 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.624330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD), the leading cause of senile dementia, is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting millions of people worldwide and exerting tremendous socioeconomic burden on all societies. Although definitive diagnosis of AD is often made in the presence of clinical manifestations in late stages, it is now universally believed that AD is a continuum of disease commencing from the preclinical stage with typical neuropathological alterations appearing decades prior to its first symptom, to the prodromal stage with slight symptoms of amnesia (amnestic mild cognitive impairment, aMCI), and then to the terminal stage with extensive loss of basic cognitive functions, i.e., AD-dementia. Positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracers have been developed in a search to meet the increasing clinical need of early detection and treatment monitoring for AD, with reference to the pathophysiological targets in Alzheimer's brain. These include the pathological aggregations of misfolded proteins such as β-amyloid (Aβ) plagues and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), impaired neurotransmitter system, neuroinflammation, as well as deficient synaptic vesicles and glucose utilization. In this article we survey the various PET radiotracers available for AD imaging and discuss their clinical applications especially in terms of early detection and cognitive relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqi Bao
- PET Center, Huanshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Xie
- PET Center, Huanshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuantao Zuo
- PET Center, Huanshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yihui Guan
- PET Center, Huanshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiyun Henry Huang
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, PET Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
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Saviano A, Casillo GM, Raucci F, Pernice A, Santarcangelo C, Piccolo M, Ferraro MG, Ciccone M, Sgherbini A, Pedretti N, Bonvicini D, Irace C, Daglia M, Mascolo N, Maione F. Supplementation with ribonucleotide-based ingredient (Ribodiet®) lessens oxidative stress, brain inflammation, and amyloid pathology in a murine model of Alzheimer. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 139:111579. [PMID: 33845375 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia worldwide, characterized by the deposition of neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides in the brain. Additionally, increasing evidence demonstrates that a neuroinflammatory state and oxidative stress, iron-dependent, play a crucial role in the onset and disease progression. Besides conventional therapies, the use of natural-based products represents a future medical option for AD treatment and/or prevention. We, therefore, evaluated the effects of a ribonucleotides-based ingredient (Ribodiet®) in a non-genetic mouse model of AD. To this aim, mice were injected intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) with Aβ1-42 peptide (3 µg/3 μl) and after with Ribodiet® (0.1-10 mg/mouse) orally (p.o.) 3 times weekly for 21 days following the induction of experimental AD. The mnemonic and cognitive decline was then evaluated, and, successively, we have assessed ex vivo the modulation of different cyto-chemokines on mice brain homogenates. Finally, the level of GFAP, S100β, and iron-related metabolic proteins were monitored as markers of reactive gliosis, neuro-inflammation, and oxidative stress. Results indicate that Ribodiet® lessens oxidative stress, brain inflammation, and amyloid pathology via modulation of iron-related metabolic proteins paving the way for its rationale use for the treatment of AD and other age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anella Saviano
- ImmunoPharmaLab, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Gian Marco Casillo
- ImmunoPharmaLab, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Federica Raucci
- ImmunoPharmaLab, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Alessia Pernice
- ImmunoPharmaLab, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Cristina Santarcangelo
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Marialuisa Piccolo
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Ferraro
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Miriam Ciccone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | | | - Nadia Pedretti
- Prosol S.p.A., Via Carso, 99, 24040 Madone, Bergamo, Italy
| | | | - Carlo Irace
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Nicola Mascolo
- ImmunoPharmaLab, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Francesco Maione
- ImmunoPharmaLab, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy.
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49
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Panoskaltsis N, McCarthy NE, Stagg AJ, Mummery CJ, Husni M, Arebi N, Greenstein D, Price CL, Al-Hassi HO, Koutinas M, Mantalaris A, Knight SC. Immune reconstitution and clinical recovery following anti-CD28 antibody (TGN1412)-induced cytokine storm. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2021; 70:1127-1142. [PMID: 33033851 PMCID: PMC7543968 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-020-02725-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cytokine storm can result from cancer immunotherapy or certain infections, including COVID-19. Though short-term immune-related adverse events are routinely described, longer-term immune consequences and sequential immune monitoring are not as well defined. In 2006, six healthy volunteers received TGN1412, a CD28 superagonist antibody, in a first-in-man clinical trial and suffered from cytokine storm. After the initial cytokine release, antibody effect-specific immune monitoring started on Day + 10 and consisted mainly of evaluation of dendritic cell and T-cell subsets and 15 serum cytokines at 21 time-points over 2 years. All patients developed problems with concentration and memory; three patients were diagnosed with mild-to-moderate depression. Mild neutropenia and autoantibody production was observed intermittently. One patient suffered from peripheral dry gangrene, required amputations, and had persistent Raynaud's phenomenon. Gastrointestinal irritability was noted in three patients and coincided with elevated γδT-cells. One had pruritus associated with elevated IgE levels, also found in three other asymptomatic patients. Dendritic cells, initially undetectable, rose to normal within a month. Naïve CD8+ T-cells were maintained at high levels, whereas naïve CD4+ and memory CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells started high but declined over 2 years. T-regulatory cells cycled circannually and were normal in number. Cytokine dysregulation was especially noted in one patient with systemic symptoms. Over a 2-year follow-up, cognitive deficits were observed in all patients following TGN1412 infusion. Some also had signs or symptoms of psychological, mucosal or immune dysregulation. These observations may discern immunopathology, treatment targets, and long-term monitoring strategies for other patients undergoing immunotherapy or with cytokine storm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicki Panoskaltsis
- Department of Haematology, Imperial College London, Northwick Park & St. Mark's Campus, London, UK.
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Northwick Park & St. Mark's Campus, London, UK.
- Biological Systems Engineering Laboratory, Centre for Process Systems Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK.
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, USA.
- BioMedical Systems Engineering Laboratory, Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA.
| | - Neil E McCarthy
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Northwick Park & St. Mark's Campus, London, UK
- Centre for Immunobiology, The Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Andrew J Stagg
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Northwick Park & St. Mark's Campus, London, UK
- Centre for Immunobiology, The Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Catherine J Mummery
- Dementia Research Centre, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, Department of Neurology, Northwick Park Hospital, London, UK
- National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospital, University College London, London, UK
| | - Mariwan Husni
- Central and North West London Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Northwick Park Hospital, London, UK
- Psychiatry Department, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Naila Arebi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Intestinal Physiology, St. Mark's Hospital, London, UK
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinical Service, St Mark's Hospital, London, UK
| | - David Greenstein
- Department of Vascular Surgery, North West London Hospitals NHS Trust, Northwick Park & St. Mark's Hospitals Site, London, UK
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Northwick Park Hospital and Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Claire L Price
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Northwick Park & St. Mark's Campus, London, UK
- Lucid Group Communications, Buckinghamshire, UK
| | - Hafid O Al-Hassi
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Northwick Park & St. Mark's Campus, London, UK
- Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK
| | - Michalis Koutinas
- Biological Systems Engineering Laboratory, Centre for Process Systems Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Athanasios Mantalaris
- Biological Systems Engineering Laboratory, Centre for Process Systems Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
- BioMedical Systems Engineering Laboratory, Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA
| | - Stella C Knight
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Northwick Park & St. Mark's Campus, London, UK
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Singhal G, Morgan J, Corrigan F, Toben C, Jawahar MC, Jaehne EJ, Manavis J, Hannan AJ, Baune BT. Short-Term Environmental Enrichment is a Stronger Modulator of Brain Glial Cells and Cervical Lymph Node T Cell Subtypes than Exercise or Combined Exercise and Enrichment. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2021; 41:469-486. [PMID: 32451728 PMCID: PMC7920895 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-00862-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Physical exercise (PE) and environmental enrichment (EE) can modulate immunity. However, the differential effects of short-term PE, EE, and PE + EE on neuroimmune mechanisms during normal aging has not been elucidated. Hence, a cohort of 3-, 8-, and 13-month-old immunologically unchallenged C57BL/6 wild-type mice were randomly assigned to either Control, PE, EE, or PE + EE groups and provided with either no treatment, a running wheel, a variety of plastic and wooden objects alone or in combination with a running wheel for seven weeks, respectively. Immunohistochemistry and 8-color flow cytometry were used to determine the numbers of dentate gyrus glial cells, and the proportions of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell numbers and their subsets from cervical lymph nodes, respectively. An increase in the number of IBA1+ microglia in the dentate gyrus at 5 and 10 months was observed after EE, while PE and PE + EE increased it only at 10 months. No change in astroglia number in comparison to controls were observed in any of the treatment groups. Also, all treatments induced significant differences in the proportion of specific T cell subsets, i.e., CD4+ and CD8+ T naïve (TN), central memory (TCM), and effector memory (TEM) cells. Our results suggest that in the short-term, EE is a stronger modulator of microglial and peripheral T cell subset numbers than PE and PE + EE, and the combination of short-term PE and EE has no additive effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Singhal
- Psychiatric Neuroscience Lab, Discipline of Psychiatry, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Julie Morgan
- Psychiatric Neuroscience Lab, Discipline of Psychiatry, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Frances Corrigan
- Division of Health Sciences, The University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Catherine Toben
- Psychiatric Neuroscience Lab, Discipline of Psychiatry, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Magdalene C. Jawahar
- Psychiatric Neuroscience Lab, Discipline of Psychiatry, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Emily J. Jaehne
- Psychiatric Neuroscience Lab, Discipline of Psychiatry, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jim Manavis
- Centre for Neurological Diseases, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Anthony J. Hannan
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Bernhard T. Baune
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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