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Meshref M, Ghaith HS, Hammad MA, Shalaby MMM, Ayasra F, Monib FA, Attia MS, Ebada MA, Elsayed H, Shalash A, Bahbah EI. The Role of RIN3 Gene in Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis: a Comprehensive Review. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:3528-3544. [PMID: 37995081 PMCID: PMC11087354 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03802-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a globally prevalent form of dementia that impacts diverse populations and is characterized by progressive neurodegeneration and impairments in executive memory. Although the exact mechanisms underlying AD pathogenesis remain unclear, it is commonly accepted that the aggregation of misfolded proteins, such as amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tau tangles, plays a critical role. Additionally, AD is a multifactorial condition influenced by various genetic factors and can manifest as either early-onset AD (EOAD) or late-onset AD (LOAD), each associated with specific gene variants. One gene of particular interest in both EOAD and LOAD is RIN3, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor. This gene plays a multifaceted role in AD pathogenesis. Firstly, upregulation of RIN3 can result in endosomal enlargement and dysfunction, thereby facilitating the accumulation of beta-amyloid (Aβ) peptides in the brain. Secondly, RIN3 has been shown to impact the PICLAM pathway, affecting transcytosis across the blood-brain barrier. Lastly, RIN3 has implications for immune-mediated responses, notably through its influence on the PTK2B gene. This review aims to provide a concise overview of AD and delve into the role of the RIN3 gene in its pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Meshref
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | | | | | - Faris Ayasra
- Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | | | - Mohamed S Attia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | | | - Hanaa Elsayed
- Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ali Shalash
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eshak I Bahbah
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta, Egypt.
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Xu M, Li J, Xia L, Du Y, Wu B, Shi X, Tian N, Pang Y, Yi L, Chen M, Song W, Dong Z. PCSK6 exacerbates Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis by promoting MT5-MMP maturation. Exp Neurol 2024; 374:114688. [PMID: 38216110 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 6 (PCSK6) is a calcium-dependent serine proteinase that regulates the proteolytic activity of various precursor proteins and facilitates protein maturation. Dysregulation of PCSK6 expression or function has been implicated in several pathological processes including nervous system diseases. However, whether and how PCSK6 is involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains unclear. In this study, we reported that the expression of PCSK6 was significantly increased in the brain tissues of postmortem AD patients and APP23/PS45 transgenic AD model mice, as well as N2AAPP cells. Genetic knockdown of PCSK6 reduced amyloidogenic processing of APP in N2AAPP cells by suppressing the activation of membrane-type 5-matrix metalloproteinase (MT5-MMP), referred to as η-secretase. We further found that PCSK6 cleaved and activated MT5-MMP by recognizing the RRRNKR sequence in its N-terminal propeptide domain in N2A cells. The mutation or knockout of this cleavage motif prevented PCSK6 from interacting with MT5-MMP and performing cleavage. Importantly, genetic knockdown of PCSK6 with adeno-associated virus (AAV) reduced Aβ production and ameliorated hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term spatial learning and memory in APP23/PS45 transgenic mice. Taken together, these results demonstrate that genetic knockdown of PCSK6 effectively alleviate AD-related pathology and cognitive impairments by inactivating MT5-MMP, highlighting its potential as a novel therapeutic target for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingliang Xu
- Pediatric Research Institute, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Neurodevelopment and Cognitive Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China; Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Junjie Li
- Pediatric Research Institute, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Neurodevelopment and Cognitive Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Lei Xia
- Pediatric Research Institute, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Neurodevelopment and Cognitive Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Yehong Du
- Pediatric Research Institute, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Neurodevelopment and Cognitive Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Bin Wu
- Pediatric Research Institute, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Neurodevelopment and Cognitive Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Xiuyu Shi
- Pediatric Research Institute, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Neurodevelopment and Cognitive Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Na Tian
- Pediatric Research Institute, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Neurodevelopment and Cognitive Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Yayan Pang
- Pediatric Research Institute, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Neurodevelopment and Cognitive Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Lilin Yi
- Pediatric Research Institute, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Neurodevelopment and Cognitive Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Mulan Chen
- Pediatric Research Institute, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Neurodevelopment and Cognitive Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Weihong Song
- Pediatric Research Institute, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Neurodevelopment and Cognitive Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China; Townsend Family Laboratories, Department of Psychiatry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, School of Mental Health and The Affiliated Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Zhifang Dong
- Pediatric Research Institute, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Neurodevelopment and Cognitive Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China.
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Wang L, Qu F, Yu X, Yang S, Zhao B, Chen Y, Li P, Zhang Z, Zhang J, Han X, Wei D. Cortical lipid metabolic pathway alteration of early Alzheimer's disease and candidate drugs screen. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:199. [PMID: 38528586 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01730-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipid metabolism changes occur in early Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Yet little is known about metabolic gene changes in early AD cortex. METHODS The lipid metabolic genes selected from two datasets (GSE39420 and GSE118553) were analyzed with enrichment analysis. Protein-protein interaction network construction and correlation analyses were used to screen core genes. Literature analysis and molecular docking were applied to explore potential therapeutic drugs. RESULTS 60 lipid metabolic genes differentially expressed in early AD patients' cortex were screened. Bioinformatics analyses revealed that up-regulated genes were mainly focused on mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation and mediating the activation of long-chain fatty acids, phosphoproteins, and cholesterol metabolism. Down-regulated genes were mainly focused on lipid transport, carboxylic acid metabolic process, and neuron apoptotic process. Literature reviews and molecular docking results indicated that ACSL1, ACSBG2, ACAA2, FABP3, ALDH5A1, and FFAR4 were core targets for lipid metabolism disorder and had a high binding affinity with compounds including adenosine phosphate, oxidized Photinus luciferin, BMS-488043, and candidate therapeutic drugs especially bisphenol A, benzo(a)pyrene, ethinyl estradiol. CONCLUSIONS AD cortical lipid metabolism disorder was associated with the dysregulation of the PPAR signaling pathway, glycerophospholipid metabolism, adipocytokine signaling pathway, fatty acid biosynthesis, fatty acid degradation, ferroptosis, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, and fatty acid elongation. Candidate drugs including bisphenol A, benzo(a)pyrene, ethinyl estradiol, and active compounds including adenosine phosphate, oxidized Photinus luciferin, and BMS-488043 have potential therapeutic effects on cortical lipid metabolism disorder of early AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linshuang Wang
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Fengxue Qu
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xueyun Yu
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Sixia Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Binbin Zhao
- Institute of Gerontology, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Yaojing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
- BABRI Centre, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Pengbo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
- BABRI Centre, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Zhanjun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
- BABRI Centre, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Junying Zhang
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
- BABRI Centre, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Xuejie Han
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Dongfeng Wei
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
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He J, Antonyan L, Zhu H, Ardila K, Li Q, Enoma D, Zhang W, Liu A, Chekouo T, Cao B, MacDonald ME, Arnold PD, Long Q. A statistical method for image-mediated association studies discovers genes and pathways associated with four brain disorders. Am J Hum Genet 2024; 111:48-69. [PMID: 38118447 PMCID: PMC10806749 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2023.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain imaging and genomics are critical tools enabling characterization of the genetic basis of brain disorders. However, imaging large cohorts is expensive and may be unavailable for legacy datasets used for genome-wide association studies (GWASs). Using an integrated feature selection/aggregation model, we developed an image-mediated association study (IMAS), which utilizes borrowed imaging/genomics data to conduct association mapping in legacy GWAS cohorts. By leveraging the UK Biobank image-derived phenotypes (IDPs), the IMAS discovered genetic bases underlying four neuropsychiatric disorders and verified them by analyzing annotations, pathways, and expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs). A cerebellar-mediated mechanism was identified to be common to the four disorders. Simulations show that, if the goal is identifying genetic risk, our IMAS is more powerful than a hypothetical protocol in which the imaging results were available in the GWAS dataset. This implies the feasibility of reanalyzing legacy GWAS datasets without conducting additional imaging, yielding cost savings for integrated analysis of genetics and imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingni He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Lilit Antonyan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; The Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Harold Zhu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Karen Ardila
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - David Enoma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Andy Liu
- Sir Winston Churchill High School, Calgary, AB, Canada; College of Letters and Science, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Thierry Chekouo
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Science, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Bo Cao
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - M Ethan MacDonald
- The Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Electrical and Software Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Radiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Paul D Arnold
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; The Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
| | - Quan Long
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; The Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Science, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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Kashtanova DA, Mamchur AA, Dzhumaniyazova IH, Ivanov MV, Erema VV, Zelenova EA, Yakovchik AY, Gusakova MS, Rumyantseva AM, Terekhov MV, Matkava LR, Akopyan AA, Strazhesko ID, Yudin VS, Makarov VV, Kraevoy SA, Tkacheva ON, Yudin SM. Cognitive impairment in long-living adults: a genome-wide association study, polygenic risk score model and molecular modeling of the APOE protein. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1273825. [PMID: 37953886 PMCID: PMC10637623 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1273825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cognitive impairment is an irreversible, aging-associated condition that robs people of their independence. The purpose of this study was to investigate possible causes of this condition and propose preventive options. Methods We assessed cognitive status in long-living adults aged 90+ (n = 2,559) and performed a genome wide association study using two sets of variables: Mini-Mental State Examination scores as a continuous variable (linear regression) and cognitive status as a binary variable (> 24, no cognitive impairment; <10, impairment) (logistic regression). Results Both variations yielded the same polymorphisms, including a well-known marker of dementia, rs429358in the APOE gene. Molecular dynamics simulations showed that this polymorphism leads to changes in the structure of alpha helices and the mobility of the lipid-binding domain in the APOE protein. Conclusion These changes, along with higher LDL and total cholesterol levels, could be the mechanism underlying the development of cognitive impairment in older adults. However, this polymorphism is not the only determining factor in cognitive impairment. The polygenic risk score model included 45 polymorphisms (ROC AUC 69%), further confirming the multifactorial nature of this condition. Our findings, particularly the results of PRS modeling, could contribute to the development of early detection strategies for predisposition to cognitive impairment in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. A. Kashtanova
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks”, Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
| | - A. A. Mamchur
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks”, Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
| | - I. H. Dzhumaniyazova
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks”, Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
| | - M. V. Ivanov
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks”, Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
| | - V. V. Erema
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks”, Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
| | - E. A. Zelenova
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks”, Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
| | - A. Y. Yakovchik
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks”, Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
| | - M. S. Gusakova
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks”, Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
| | - A. M. Rumyantseva
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks”, Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
| | - M. V. Terekhov
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks”, Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
| | - L. R. Matkava
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks”, Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
| | - A. A. Akopyan
- Russian Clinical Research Center for Gerontology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - I. D. Strazhesko
- Russian Clinical Research Center for Gerontology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - V. S. Yudin
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks”, Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
| | - V. V. Makarov
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks”, Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
| | - S. A. Kraevoy
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks”, Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
| | - O. N. Tkacheva
- Russian Clinical Research Center for Gerontology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - S. M. Yudin
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks”, Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
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T P, Katta B, Lulu S S, Sundararajan V. Gene expression analysis reveals GRIN1, SYT1, and SYN2 as significant therapeutic targets and drug repurposing reveals lorazepam and lorediplon as potent inhibitors to manage Alzheimer's disease. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-22. [PMID: 37691428 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2256878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a slowly progressive neurodegenerative disease and a leading cause of dementia. We aim to identify key genes for the development of therapeutic targets and biomarkers for potential treatments for AD. Meta-analysis was performed on six microarray datasets and identified the differentially expressed genes between healthy and Alzheimer's disease samples. Thereafter, we filtered out the common genes which were present in at least four microarray datasets for downstream analysis. We have constructed a gene-gene network for the common genes and identified six hub genes. Furthermore, we investigated the regulatory mechanisms of these hub genes by analysing their interaction with miRNAs and transcription factors. The gene ontology analysis results highlighted the enriched terms significantly associated with hub genes. Through an extensive literature survey, we found that three of the hub genes including GRIN1, SYN2, and SYT1 were critically involved in disease development. To leverage existing drugs for potential repurposing, we predicted drug-gene interaction using the drug-gene interaction database, and performed molecular docking studies. The docking results revealed that the drug compounds had strong interactions and favorable binding with selected hub genes. Lorazepam exhibits a binding energy of -7.3 kcal/mol with GRIN1, Lorediplon exhibits binding energies of -7.7 kcal/mol and -6.3 kcal/mol with the SYT1, and SYN2 respectively. In addition, 100 ns molecular dynamics simulations were carried out for the top complexes and apo protein as well. Furthermore, the MM-PBSA free energy calculations also revealed that these complexes are stable and had favorable energies. According to our study, the identified hub gene could serve as a biomarker as well as a therapeutic target for AD, and the proposed repurposed drug molecules appear to have promising efficacy in treating the disease.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Premkumar T
- Integrative Multiomics Lab, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Bhavana Katta
- Integrative Multiomics Lab, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sajitha Lulu S
- Integrative Multiomics Lab, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vino Sundararajan
- Integrative Multiomics Lab, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Baumgartner TJ, Haghighijoo Z, Goode NA, Dvorak NM, Arman P, Laezza F. Voltage-Gated Na + Channels in Alzheimer's Disease: Physiological Roles and Therapeutic Potential. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1655. [PMID: 37629512 PMCID: PMC10455313 DOI: 10.3390/life13081655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia and is classically characterized by two major histopathological abnormalities: extracellular plaques composed of amyloid beta (Aβ) and intracellular hyperphosphorylated tau. Due to the progressive nature of the disease, it is of the utmost importance to develop disease-modifying therapeutics that tackle AD pathology in its early stages. Attenuation of hippocampal hyperactivity, one of the earliest neuronal abnormalities observed in AD brains, has emerged as a promising strategy to ameliorate cognitive deficits and abate the spread of neurotoxic species. This aberrant hyperactivity has been attributed in part to the dysfunction of voltage-gated Na+ (Nav) channels, which are central mediators of neuronal excitability. Therefore, targeting Nav channels is a promising strategy for developing disease-modifying therapeutics that can correct aberrant neuronal phenotypes in early-stage AD. This review will explore the role of Nav channels in neuronal function, their connections to AD pathology, and their potential as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Fernanda Laezza
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; (T.J.B.); (Z.H.); (N.A.G.); (N.M.D.); (P.A.)
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Killick R, Elliott C, Ribe E, Broadstock M, Ballard C, Aarsland D, Williams G. Neurodegenerative Disease Associated Pathways in the Brains of Triple Transgenic Alzheimer's Model Mice Are Reversed Following Two Weeks of Peripheral Administration of Fasudil. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11219. [PMID: 37446396 PMCID: PMC10342807 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The pan Rho-associated coiled-coil-containing protein kinase (ROCK) inhibitor fasudil acts as a vasodilator and has been used as a medication for post-cerebral stroke for the past 29 years in Japan and China. More recently, based on the involvement of ROCK inhibition in synaptic function, neuronal survival, and processes associated with neuroinflammation, it has been suggested that the drug may be repurposed for neurodegenerative diseases. Indeed, fasudil has demonstrated preclinical efficacy in many neurodegenerative disease models. To facilitate an understanding of the wider biological processes at play due to ROCK inhibition in the context of neurodegeneration, we performed a global gene expression analysis on the brains of Alzheimer's disease model mice treated with fasudil via peripheral IP injection. We then performed a comparative analysis of the fasudil-driven transcriptional profile with profiles generated from a meta-analysis of multiple neurodegenerative diseases. Our results show that fasudil tends to drive gene expression in a reverse sense to that seen in brains with post-mortem neurodegenerative disease. The results are most striking in terms of pathway enrichment analysis, where pathways perturbed in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases are overwhelmingly driven in the opposite direction by fasudil treatment. Thus, our results bolster the repurposing potential of fasudil by demonstrating an anti-neurodegenerative phenotype in a disease context and highlight the potential of in vivo transcriptional profiling of drug activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Killick
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK; (R.K.); (E.R.); (D.A.)
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter EX1 2UL, UK;
| | - Christina Elliott
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK;
| | - Elena Ribe
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK; (R.K.); (E.R.); (D.A.)
| | - Martin Broadstock
- Wolfson CARD, King’s College London, London Bridge, London SE1 1UL, UK;
| | - Clive Ballard
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter EX1 2UL, UK;
| | - Dag Aarsland
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK; (R.K.); (E.R.); (D.A.)
| | - Gareth Williams
- Wolfson CARD, King’s College London, London Bridge, London SE1 1UL, UK;
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Gomes Moreira D, Jan A. A beginner's guide into curated analyses of open access datasets for biomarker discovery in neurodegeneration. Sci Data 2023; 10:432. [PMID: 37414779 PMCID: PMC10325954 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02338-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The discovery of surrogate biomarkers reflecting neuronal dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) remains an active area of research. To boost these efforts, we demonstrate the utility of publicly available datasets for probing the pathogenic relevance of candidate markers in NDDs. As a starting point, we introduce the readers to several open access resources, which contain gene expression profiles and proteomics datasets from patient studies in common NDDs, including proteomics analyses of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Then, we illustrate the method for curated gene expression analyses across select brain regions from four cohorts of Parkinson disease patients (and from one study in common NDDs), probing glutathione biogenesis, calcium signaling and autophagy. These data are complemented by findings of select markers in CSF-based studies in NDDs. Additionally, we enclose several annotated microarray studies, and summarize reports on CSF proteomics across the NDDs, which the readers can utilize for translational purposes. We anticipate that this "beginner's guide" will benefit the research community in NDDs, and would serve as a useful educational tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Gomes Moreira
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 165, DK-8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Asad Jan
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh-Guldbergs Gade 10, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
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10
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Wang YH, Luo PP, Geng AY, Li X, Liu TH, He YJ, Huang L, Tang YQ. Identification of highly reliable risk genes for Alzheimer's disease through joint-tissue integrative analysis. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1183119. [PMID: 37416324 PMCID: PMC10320295 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1183119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous genetic variants associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been identified through genome-wide association studies (GWAS), but their interpretation is hindered by the strong linkage disequilibrium (LD) among the variants, making it difficult to identify the causal variants directly. To address this issue, the transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) was employed to infer the association between gene expression and a trait at the genetic level using expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) cohorts. In this study, we applied the TWAS theory and utilized the improved Joint-Tissue Imputation (JTI) approach and Mendelian Randomization (MR) framework (MR-JTI) to identify potential AD-associated genes. By integrating LD score, GTEx eQTL data, and GWAS summary statistic data from a large cohort using MR-JTI, a total of 415 AD-associated genes were identified. Then, 2873 differentially expressed genes from 11 AD-related datasets were used for the Fisher test of these AD-associated genes. We finally obtained 36 highly reliable AD-associated genes, including APOC1, CR1, ERBB2, and RIN3. Moreover, the GO and KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that these genes are primarily involved in antigen processing and presentation, amyloid-beta formation, tau protein binding, and response to oxidative stress. The identification of these potential AD-associated genes not only provides insights into the pathogenesis of AD but also offers biomarkers for early diagnosis of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Heng Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Pan Pan Luo
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ao Yi Geng
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinwei Li
- School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tai-Hang Liu
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Jie He
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Huang
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ya Qin Tang
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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11
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Jin Y, Ren Z, Wang W, Zhang Y, Zhou L, Yao X, Wu T. Classification of Alzheimer's disease using robust TabNet neural networks on genetic data. MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING : MBE 2023; 20:8358-8374. [PMID: 37161202 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2023366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases and its onset is significantly associated with genetic factors. Being the capabilities of high specificity and accuracy, genetic testing has been considered as an important technique for AD diagnosis. In this paper, we presented an improved deep learning (DL) algorithm, namely differential genes screening TabNet (DGS-TabNet) for AD binary and multi-class classifications. For performance evaluation, our proposed approach was compared with three novel DLs of multi-layer perceptron (MLP), neural oblivious decision ensembles (NODE), TabNet as well as five classical machine learnings (MLs) including decision tree (DT), random forests (RF), gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT), light gradient boosting machine (LGBM) and support vector machine (SVM) on the public data set of gene expression omnibus (GEO). Moreover, the biological interpretability of global important genetic features implemented for AD classification was revealed by the Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) and gene ontology (GO). The results demonstrated that our proposed DGS-TabNet achieved the best performance with an accuracy of 93.80% for binary classification, and with an accuracy of 88.27% for multi-class classification. Meanwhile, the gene pathway analyses demonstrated that there existed two most important global genetic features of AVIL and NDUFS4 and those obtained 22 feature genes were partially correlated with AD pathogenesis. It was concluded that the proposed DGS-TabNet could be used to detect AD-susceptible genes and the biological interpretability of susceptible genes also revealed the potential possibility of being AD biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jin
- College of Medical Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Zhe Ren
- College of Medical Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Wenjie Wang
- College of Medical Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Yulei Zhang
- College of Medical Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Liang Zhou
- College of Medical Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Xufeng Yao
- College of Medical Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Tao Wu
- College of Medical Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
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12
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Shen H, Zhang T, Ji Y, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Jiang Y, Chen X, Liang Q, Wu K, Li Y, Lu X, Cui L, Zhao B, Wang Y. GRK5 Deficiency in the Hippocampus Leads to Cognitive Impairment via Abnormal Microglial Alterations. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:1547-1562. [PMID: 36525154 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03151-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
GRK5 is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) kinase family and is closely associated with heart and nervous system disease. It has been reported that GRK5 is closely related to cerebral nerve function and neurodegenerative diseases. However, the biological function of GRK5 in the brain and the influence of GRK5 deficiency on cognitive dysfunction associated with neurodegenerative diseases are unknown. Here, we reported that mice with reduced GRK5 in the hippocampus exhibit cognitive impairment and some Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related molecular pathologies, such as significant neuronal damage and loss, enhanced tau protein phosphorylation, and increased levels of Aβ peptides in the hippocampus. Mechanistically, we observed that GRK5 is located in microglia and plays an essential role in maintaining the morphology and function of microglia. GRK5 deficiency elicits microglial morphology changes and proinflammatory-associated gene increases. In addition, transcriptional analysis of hippocampal tissues revealed striking changes in neuroactive ligand‒receptor interactions and TNF signaling in GRK5-deficient mice. In conclusion, our results further confirm the vital role of GRK5 in maintaining normal cognitive function in mice. This finding suggests a possible mechanism by which GRK5 maintains microglial homeostasis, and its loss may induce microglial function deficits and cause some AD-related molecular pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Shen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.,Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Tianzhen Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.,Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yao Ji
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.,Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.,Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yongxiang Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.,Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yuling Jiang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.,Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xiongjin Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.,Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Qiuhao Liang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Kefeng Wu
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yunfeng Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.,Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xingyu Lu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.,Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Lili Cui
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.
| | - Yan Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.
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Sanfilippo C, Giuliano L, Castrogiovanni P, Imbesi R, Ulivieri M, Fazio F, Blennow K, Zetterberg H, Di Rosa M. Sex, Age, and Regional Differences in CHRM1 and CHRM3 Genes Expression Levels in the Human Brain Biopsies: Potential Targets for Alzheimer's Disease-related Sleep Disturbances. Curr Neuropharmacol 2023; 21:740-760. [PMID: 36475335 PMCID: PMC10207911 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666221207091209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cholinergic hypofunction and sleep disturbance are hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD), a progressive disorder leading to neuronal deterioration. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (M1-5 or mAChRs), expressed in hippocampus and cerebral cortex, play a pivotal role in the aberrant alterations of cognitive processing, memory, and learning, observed in AD. Recent evidence shows that two mAChRs, M1 and M3, encoded by CHRM1 and CHRM3 genes, respectively, are involved in sleep functions and, peculiarly, in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. METHODS We used twenty microarray datasets extrapolated from post-mortem brain tissue of nondemented healthy controls (NDHC) and AD patients to examine the expression profile of CHRM1 and CHRM3 genes. Samples were from eight brain regions and stratified according to age and sex. RESULTS CHRM1 and CHRM3 expression levels were significantly reduced in AD compared with ageand sex-matched NDHC brains. A negative correlation with age emerged for both CHRM1 and CHRM3 in NDHC but not in AD brains. Notably, a marked positive correlation was also revealed between the neurogranin (NRGN) and both CHRM1 and CHRM3 genes. These associations were modulated by sex. Accordingly, in the temporal and occipital regions of NDHC subjects, males expressed higher levels of CHRM1 and CHRM3, respectively, than females. In AD patients, males expressed higher levels of CHRM1 and CHRM3 in the temporal and frontal regions, respectively, than females. CONCLUSION Thus, substantial differences, all strictly linked to the brain region analyzed, age, and sex, exist in CHRM1 and CHRM3 brain levels both in NDHC subjects and in AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Sanfilippo
- Department G.F. Ingrassia, Section of Neurosciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Loretta Giuliano
- Department G.F. Ingrassia, Section of Neurosciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Paola Castrogiovanni
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Italy
| | - Rosa Imbesi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Italy
| | - Martina Ulivieri
- Department of Psychiatry, Health Science, University of California San Diego, San Diego La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Francesco Fazio
- Department of Psychiatry, Health Science, University of California San Diego, San Diego La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michelino Di Rosa
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Italy
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14
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Xia ZD, Ma RX, Wen JF, Zhai YF, Wang YQ, Wang FY, Liu D, Zhao XL, Sun B, Jia P, Zheng XH. Pathogenesis, Animal Models, and Drug Discovery of Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 94:1265-1301. [PMID: 37424469 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia, is a chronic neurodegenerative disease induced by multiple factors. The high incidence and the aging of the global population make it a growing global health concern with huge implications for individuals and society. The clinical manifestations are progressive cognitive dysfunction and lack of behavioral ability, which not only seriously affect the health and quality of life of the elderly, but also bring a heavy burden to the family and society. Unfortunately, almost all the drugs targeting the classical pathogenesis have not achieved satisfactory clinical effects in the past two decades. Therefore, the present review provides more novel ideas on the complex pathophysiological mechanisms of AD, including classical pathogenesis and a variety of possible pathogenesis that have been proposed in recent years. It will be helpful to find out the key target and the effect pathway of potential drugs and mechanisms for the prevention and treatment of AD. In addition, the common animal models in AD research are outlined and we examine their prospect for the future. Finally, Phase I, II, III, and IV randomized clinical trials or on the market of drugs for AD treatment were searched in online databases (Drug Bank Online 5.0, the U.S. National Library of Medicine, and Alzforum). Therefore, this review may also provide useful information in the research and development of new AD-based drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Di Xia
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Ruo-Xin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Jin-Feng Wen
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Yu-Fei Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Yu-Qi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Feng-Yun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Dan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Xiao-Long Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Bao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi'an, PR China
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Pu Jia
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Xiao-Hui Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi'an, PR China
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15
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Short MI, Fohner AE, Skjellegrind HK, Beiser A, Gonzales MM, Satizabal CL, Austin TR, Longstreth W, Bis JC, Lopez O, Hveem K, Selbæk G, Larson MG, Yang Q, Aparicio HJ, McGrath ER, Gerszten RE, DeCarli CS, Psaty BM, Vasan RS, Zare H, Seshadri S. Proteome Network Analysis Identifies Potential Biomarkers for Brain Aging. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 96:1767-1780. [PMID: 38007645 PMCID: PMC10741337 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) involve biological processes that begin years to decades before onset of clinical symptoms. The plasma proteome can offer insight into brain aging and risk of incident dementia among cognitively healthy adults. OBJECTIVE To identify biomarkers and biological pathways associated with neuroimaging measures and incident dementia in two large community-based cohorts by applying a correlation-based network analysis to the plasma proteome. METHODS Weighted co-expression network analysis of 1,305 plasma proteins identified four modules of co-expressed proteins, which were related to MRI brain volumes and risk of incident dementia over a median 20-year follow-up in Framingham Heart Study (FHS) Offspring cohort participants (n = 1,861). Analyses were replicated in the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) (n = 2,117, mean 6-year follow-up). RESULTS Two proteomic modules, one related to protein clearance and synaptic maintenance (M2) and a second to inflammation (M4), were associated with total brain volume in FHS (M2: p = 0.014; M4: p = 4.2×10-5). These modules were not significantly associated with hippocampal volume, white matter hyperintensities, or incident all-cause or AD dementia. Associations with TCBV did not replicate in CHS, an older cohort with a greater burden of comorbidities. CONCLUSIONS Proteome networks implicate an early role for biological pathways involving inflammation and synaptic function in preclinical brain atrophy, with implications for clinical dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan I. Short
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer’s & Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alison E. Fohner
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Håvard K. Skjellegrind
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, Levanger, Norway
- Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway
| | - Alexa Beiser
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mitzi M. Gonzales
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer’s & Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Claudia L. Satizabal
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer’s & Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Thomas R. Austin
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - W.T. Longstreth
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Joshua C. Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Oscar Lopez
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kristian Hveem
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, Levanger, Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Geir Selbæk
- Norwegian National Centre for Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Martin G. Larson
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Qiong Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Hugo J. Aparicio
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emer R. McGrath
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
- HRB Clinical Research Facility, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Robert E. Gerszten
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Charles S. DeCarli
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine and Imaging of Dementia and Aging Laboratory, Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ramachandran S. Vasan
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Boston University Center for Computing and Data Science, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Habil Zare
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer’s & Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Sudha Seshadri
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer’s & Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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16
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Ramos-Campoy O, Lladó A, Bosch B, Ferrer M, Pérez-Millan A, Vergara M, Molina-Porcel L, Fort-Aznar L, Gonzalo R, Moreno-Izco F, Fernandez-Villullas G, Balasa M, Sánchez-Valle R, Antonell A. Differential Gene Expression in Sporadic and Genetic Forms of Alzheimer's Disease and Frontotemporal Dementia in Brain Tissue and Lymphoblastoid Cell Lines. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:6411-6428. [PMID: 35962298 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02969-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Sporadic early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) and autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease (ADAD) provide the opportunity to investigate the physiopathological mechanisms in the absence of aging, present in late-onset forms. Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) causes early-onset dementia associated to tau or TDP43 protein deposits. A 15% of FTD cases are caused by mutations in C9orf72, GRN, or MAPT genes. Lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) have been proposed as an alternative to brain tissue for studying earlier phases of neurodegenerative diseases. The aim of this study is to investigate the expression profile in EOAD, ADAD, and sporadic and genetic FTD (sFTD and gFTD, respectively), using brain tissue and LCLs. Sixty subjects of the following groups were included: EOAD, ADAD, sFTD, gFTD, and controls. Gene expression was analyzed with Clariom D microarray (Affymetrix). Brain tissue pairwise comparisons revealed six common differentially expressed genes (DEG) for all the patients' groups compared with controls: RGS20, WIF1, HSPB1, EMP3, S100A11 and GFAP. Common up-regulated biological pathways were identified both in brain and LCLs (including inflammation and glial cell differentiation), while down-regulated pathways were detected mainly in brain tissue (including synaptic signaling, metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction). CD163, ADAMTS9 and LIN7A gene expression disruption was validated by qPCR in brain tissue and NrCAM in LCLs in their respective group comparisons. In conclusion, our study highlights neuroinflammation, metabolism and synaptic signaling disturbances as common altered pathways in different AD and FTD forms. The use of LCLs might be appropriate for studying early immune system and inflammation, and some neural features in neurodegenerative dementias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Ramos-Campoy
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Lladó
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Bosch
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mireia Ferrer
- Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit, Vall d'Hebrón Institut de Recerca, Passeig Vall d'Hebrón, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Agnès Pérez-Millan
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Neurosciences, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Vergara
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Molina-Porcel
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.,Neurological Tissue Bank, Biobank-Hospital Clinic-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Fort-Aznar
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ricardo Gonzalo
- Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit, Vall d'Hebrón Institut de Recerca, Passeig Vall d'Hebrón, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fermín Moreno-Izco
- Cognitive Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Donostia, 20014, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.,Biodonostia, Neurosciences Area, Group of Neurodegenerative Diseases, 20014, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Guadalupe Fernandez-Villullas
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mircea Balasa
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raquel Sánchez-Valle
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Anna Antonell
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.
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17
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Lopez-Toledo G, Silva-Lucero MDC, Herrera-Díaz J, García DE, Arias-Montaño JA, Cardenas-Aguayo MDC. Patient-Derived Fibroblasts With Presenilin-1 Mutations, That Model Aspects of Alzheimer’s Disease Pathology, Constitute a Potential Object for Early Diagnosis. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:921573. [PMID: 35847683 PMCID: PMC9283986 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.921573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder that can occur in middle or old age, is characterized by memory loss, a continuous decline in thinking, behavioral and social skills that affect the ability of an individual to function independently. It is divided into sporadic and familial subtypes. Early-onset familial AD (FAD) is linked to mutations in genes coding for the amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP), presenilin 1 (PS1), and presenilin 2 (PS2), which lead to alterations in AβPP processing, generation of the Amyloid-β peptide and hyperphosphorylation of tau protein. Identification of early biomarkers for AD diagnosis represents a challenge, and it has been suggested that molecular changes in neurodegenerative pathways identified in the brain of AD patients can be detected in peripheral non-neural cells derived from familial or sporadic AD patients. In the present study, we determined the protein expression, the proteomic and in silico characterization of skin fibroblasts from FAD patients with PS1 mutations (M146L or A246E) or from healthy individuals. Our results shown that fibroblasts from AD patients had increased expression of the autophagy markers LC3II, LAMP2 and Cathepsin D, a significant increase in total GSK3, phosphorylated ERK1/2 (Thr202/Tyr204) and phosphorylated tau (Thr231, Ser396, and Ser404), but no difference in the phosphorylation of Akt (Ser473) or the α (Ser21) and β (Ser9) GSK3 isoforms, highlighting the relevant role of abnormal protein post-translational modifications in age-related neurodegenerative diseases, such as AD. Both 2-DE gels and mass spectrometry showed significant differences in the expression of the signaling pathways associated with protein folding and the autophagic pathway mediated by chaperones with the expression of HSPA5, HSPE1, HSPD1, HSP90AA1, and HSPE1 and reticular stress in the FAD samples. Furthermore, expression of the heat shock proteins HSP90 and HSP70 was significantly higher in the cells from AD patients as confirmed by Western blot. Taken together our results indicate that fibroblasts from patients with FAD-PS1 present alterations in signaling pathways related to cellular stress, autophagy, lysosomes, and tau phosphorylation. Fibroblasts can therefore be useful in modeling pathways related to neurodegeneration, as well as for the identification of early AD biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Lopez-Toledo
- Laboratory of Cellular Reprogramming, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (Cinvestav-IPN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Maria-del-Carmen Silva-Lucero
- Laboratory of Cellular Reprogramming, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jorge Herrera-Díaz
- Unidad de Servicios de Apoyo a la Investigación y a la Industria, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - David-Erasmo García
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José-Antonio Arias-Montaño
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (Cinvestav-IPN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Maria-del-Carmen Cardenas-Aguayo
- Laboratory of Cellular Reprogramming, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Maria-del-Carmen Cardenas-Aguayo,
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18
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Honkova K, Rossnerova A, Chvojkova I, Milcova A, Margaryan H, Pastorkova A, Ambroz A, Rossner P, Jirik V, Rubes J, Sram RJ, Topinka J. Genome-Wide DNA Methylation in Policemen Working in Cities Differing by Major Sources of Air Pollution. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031666. [PMID: 35163587 PMCID: PMC8915177 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation is the most studied epigenetic mechanism that regulates gene expression, and it can serve as a useful biomarker of prior environmental exposure and future health outcomes. This study focused on DNA methylation profiles in a human cohort, comprising 125 nonsmoking city policemen (sampled twice), living and working in three localities (Prague, Ostrava and Ceske Budejovice) of the Czech Republic, who spent the majority of their working time outdoors. The main characterization of the localities, differing by major sources of air pollution, was defined by the stationary air pollution monitoring of PM2.5, B[a]P and NO2. DNA methylation was analyzed by a genome-wide microarray method. No season-specific DNA methylation pattern was discovered; however, we identified 13,643 differentially methylated CpG loci (DML) for a comparison between the Prague and Ostrava groups. The most significant DML was cg10123377 (log2FC = −1.92, p = 8.30 × 10−4) and loci annotated to RPTOR (total 20 CpG loci). We also found two hypomethylated loci annotated to the DNA repair gene XRCC5. Groups of DML annotated to the same gene were linked to diabetes mellitus (KCNQ1), respiratory diseases (PTPRN2), the dopaminergic system of the brain and neurodegenerative diseases (NR4A2). The most significant possibly affected pathway was Axon guidance, with 86 potentially deregulated genes near DML. The cluster of gene sets that could be affected by DNA methylation in the Ostrava groups mainly includes the neuronal functions and biological processes of cell junctions and adhesion assembly. The study demonstrates that the differences in the type of air pollution between localities can affect a unique change in DNA methylation profiles across the human genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Honkova
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Epigenetics, Institute of Experimental Medicine CAS, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (A.R.); (I.C.); (A.M.); (H.M.); (R.J.S.); (J.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-775-406-170
| | - Andrea Rossnerova
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Epigenetics, Institute of Experimental Medicine CAS, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (A.R.); (I.C.); (A.M.); (H.M.); (R.J.S.); (J.T.)
| | - Irena Chvojkova
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Epigenetics, Institute of Experimental Medicine CAS, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (A.R.); (I.C.); (A.M.); (H.M.); (R.J.S.); (J.T.)
| | - Alena Milcova
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Epigenetics, Institute of Experimental Medicine CAS, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (A.R.); (I.C.); (A.M.); (H.M.); (R.J.S.); (J.T.)
| | - Hasmik Margaryan
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Epigenetics, Institute of Experimental Medicine CAS, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (A.R.); (I.C.); (A.M.); (H.M.); (R.J.S.); (J.T.)
| | - Anna Pastorkova
- Department of Nanotoxicology and Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine CAS, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (A.P.); (A.A.); (P.R.J.)
| | - Antonin Ambroz
- Department of Nanotoxicology and Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine CAS, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (A.P.); (A.A.); (P.R.J.)
| | - Pavel Rossner
- Department of Nanotoxicology and Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine CAS, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (A.P.); (A.A.); (P.R.J.)
| | - Vitezslav Jirik
- Centre for Epidemiological Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Syllabova 19, 703 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic;
| | - Jiri Rubes
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 296/70, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Radim J. Sram
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Epigenetics, Institute of Experimental Medicine CAS, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (A.R.); (I.C.); (A.M.); (H.M.); (R.J.S.); (J.T.)
| | - Jan Topinka
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Epigenetics, Institute of Experimental Medicine CAS, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (A.R.); (I.C.); (A.M.); (H.M.); (R.J.S.); (J.T.)
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19
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Yuen SC, Lee SMY, Leung SW. Putative Factors Interfering Cell Cycle Re-Entry in Alzheimer's Disease: An Omics Study with Differential Expression Meta-Analytics and Co-Expression Profiling. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 85:1373-1398. [PMID: 34924393 DOI: 10.3233/jad-215349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuronal cell cycle re-entry (CCR) is a mechanism, along with amyloid-β (Aβ) oligomers and hyperphosphorylated tau proteins, contributing to toxicity in Alzheimer's disease (AD). OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the putative factors in CCR based on evidence corroboration by combining meta-analysis and co-expression analysis of omic data. METHODS The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and CCR-related modules were obtained through the differential analysis and co-expression of transcriptomic data, respectively. Differentially expressed microRNAs (DEmiRNAs) were extracted from the differential miRNA expression studies. The dysregulations of DEGs and DEmiRNAs as binary outcomes were independently analyzed by meta-analysis based on a random-effects model. The CCR-related modules were mapped to human protein-protein interaction databases to construct a network. The importance score of each node within the network was determined by the PageRank algorithm, and nodes that fit the pre-defined criteria were treated as putative CCR-related factors. RESULTS The meta-analysis identified 18,261 DEGs and 36 DEmiRNAs, including genes in the ubiquitination proteasome system, mitochondrial homeostasis, and CCR, and miRNAs associated with AD pathologies. The co-expression analysis identified 156 CCR-related modules to construct a protein-protein interaction network. Five genes, UBC, ESR1, EGFR, CUL3, and KRAS, were selected as putative CCR-related factors. Their functions suggested that the combined effects of cellular dyshomeostasis and receptors mediating Aβ toxicity from impaired ubiquitination proteasome system are involved in CCR. CONCLUSION This study identified five genes as putative factors and revealed the significance of cellular dyshomeostasis in the CCR of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sze Chung Yuen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Simon Ming-Yuen Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Siu-Wai Leung
- Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society, Shenzhen, China.,Edinburgh Bayes Centre for AI Research in Shenzhen, College of Science and Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
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20
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Aranđelović J, Santrač A, Batinić B, Todorović L, Ahmed Khan MZ, Rashid F, Poe MM, Obradović A, Cook JM, Savić MM. Positive and Negative Selective Allosteric Modulators of α5 GABAA Receptors: Effects on Emotionality, Motivation, and Motor Function in the 5xFAD Model of Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 84:1291-1302. [PMID: 34657887 DOI: 10.3233/jad-215079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Positive and negative allosteric modulators of α5 GABAA receptors (PAM and NAM, respectively) are worthy of investigation as putative treatments of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, their potential to modify a dynamic range of behaviors in AD models needs to be systematically examined. OBJECTIVE The study aimed to assess effects of MP-III-022 as PAM and PWZ-029 as NAM on emotional reactivity, motivation, and motor function, as well as on gene expression of GABRA2, GABRA3 and GABRA5 subunit of GABAA receptors in prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus (HC) in 5xFAD mice, as an early-onset transgenic AD model. METHODS The 6-month-old 5xFAD transgenic and non-transgenic mice of both genders underwent a battery of reflexes and behavioral tests (sensorimotor tests, elevated plus maze, and open field) after 10-day intraperitoneal treatment with MP-III-022, PWZ-029, or solvent. The behavioral battery was followed by qPCR analysis of gene expression. RESULTS MP-III-022 induced a decline in motor function, while PWZ-029 further decreased emotionality of transgenic males, as compared to the transgenic control. No interfering effects on non-cognitive behavior were observed in female mice. In HC, both treatments reversed reciprocal GABRA2 and GABRA3 changes in transgenic females. In PFC, MP-III-022 decreased GABRA5 in both genders, while PWZ-029 increased GABRA2 in male transgenic animals. CONCLUSION Gender-dependent protracted effects of PAMs and NAMs in AD model, with detrimental impact on motor capabilities of PAM, and attenuation of emotionality elicited by NAM in transgenic males, were revealed. This favors future research of α5 GABAA receptor modulation in females as more promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jovana Aranđelović
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Anja Santrač
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bojan Batinić
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Lidija Todorović
- Laboratory for Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Md Zubair Ahmed Khan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Milwaukee Institute for Drug Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Farjana Rashid
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Milwaukee Institute for Drug Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Michael M Poe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Milwaukee Institute for Drug Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Aleksandar Obradović
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - James M Cook
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Milwaukee Institute for Drug Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Miroslav M Savić
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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21
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Gui S, Liu Y, Pu J, Song X, Chen X, Chen W, Zhong X, Wang H, Liu L, Xie P. Comparative analysis of hippocampal transcriptional features between major depressive disorder patients and animal models. J Affect Disord 2021; 293:19-28. [PMID: 34161882 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a psychiatric disorder caused by various etiologies. Chronic stress models are used to simulate the heterogeneous pathogenic processes of depression. However, few studies have compared transcriptional features between stress models and MDD patients. METHODS We generated hippocampal transcriptional profiles of the chronic social defeat model by RNA sequencing and downloaded raw data of the same brain region from public databases of the chronic unpredictable mild stress model, the learned helplessness model, and MDD patients. Differential expression and gene co-expression analyses were integrated to compare transcriptional features between stress models and MDD patients. RESULTS Each stress model shared 11.4% to 16.3% of differentially expressed genes with MDD patients. Functional analysis at the gene expression level identified altered ensheathment of neurons in both stress models and MDD patients. At the gene network level, each stress model shared 20.9% to 41.6% of co-expressed genes with MDD patients. Functional analysis based on these genes found that axon guidance signaling is the most significantly enriched pathway that was shared by all stress models and MDD patients. LIMITATIONS This study was limited by considering only a single brain region and a single sex of stress model animals. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that hippocampal transcriptional features of stress models partially overlap with those of MDD patients. The canonical pathways of MDD patients, including ensheathment of neurons, PTEN signaling, and axonal guidance signaling, were shared with all stress models. Our findings provide further clues to understand the molecular mechanisms of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwen Gui
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 40016, China; State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, Chongqing 40016, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yiyun Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Juncai Pu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xuemian Song
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 40016, China; State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, Chongqing 40016, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xiaopeng Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Weiyi Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xiaogang Zhong
- College of Stomatology and Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Haiyang Wang
- College of Stomatology and Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Lanxiang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Peng Xie
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
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22
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Multiomics Identification of Potential Targets for Alzheimer Disease and Antrocin as a Therapeutic Candidate. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13101555. [PMID: 34683848 PMCID: PMC8539161 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13101555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most frequent cause of neurodegenerative dementia and affects nearly 50 million people worldwide. Early stage diagnosis of AD is challenging, and there is presently no effective treatment for AD. The specific genetic alterations and pathological mechanisms of the development and progression of dementia remain poorly understood. Therefore, identifying essential genes and molecular pathways that are associated with this disease’s pathogenesis will help uncover potential treatments. In an attempt to achieve a more comprehensive understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of AD, we integrated the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from six microarray datasets of AD patients and controls. We identified ATPase H+ transporting V1 subunit A (ATP6V1A), BCL2 interacting protein 3 (BNIP3), calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV (CAMK4), TOR signaling pathway regulator-like (TIPRL), and the translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 70 (TOMM70) as upregulated DEGs common to the five datasets. Our analyses revealed that these genes exhibited brain-specific gene co-expression clustering with OPA1, ITFG1, OXCT1, ATP2A2, MAPK1, CDK14, MAP2K4, YWHAB, PARK2, CMAS, HSPA12A, and RGS17. Taking the mean relative expression levels of this geneset in different brain regions into account, we found that the frontal cortex (BA9) exhibited significantly (p < 0.05) higher expression levels of these DEGs, while the hippocampus exhibited the lowest levels. These DEGs are associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation processes, and various pathways involved in the pathogenesis of AD. Finally, our blood–brain barrier (BBB) predictions using the support vector machine (SVM) and LiCABEDS algorithm and molecular docking analysis suggested that antrocin is permeable to the BBB and exhibits robust ligand–receptor interactions with high binding affinities to CAMK4, TOMM70, and T1PRL. Our results also revealed good predictions for ADMET properties, drug-likeness, adherence to Lipinskís rules, and no alerts for pan-assay interference compounds (PAINS) Conclusions: These results suggest a new molecular signature for AD parthenogenesis and antrocin as a potential therapeutic agent. Further investigation is warranted.
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23
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Cheng J, Liu HP, Lin WY, Tsai FJ. Machine learning compensates fold-change method and highlights oxidative phosphorylation in the brain transcriptome of Alzheimer's disease. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13704. [PMID: 34211065 PMCID: PMC8249453 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93085-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder causing 70% of dementia cases. However, the mechanism of disease development is still elusive. Despite the availability of a wide range of biological data, a comprehensive understanding of AD's mechanism from machine learning (ML) is so far unrealized, majorly due to the lack of needed data density. To harness the AD mechanism's knowledge from the expression profiles of postmortem prefrontal cortex samples of 310 AD and 157 controls, we used seven predictive operators or combinations of RapidMiner Studio operators to establish predictive models from the input matrix and to assign a weight to each attribute. Besides, conventional fold-change methods were also applied as controls. The identified genes were further submitted to enrichment analysis for KEGG pathways. The average accuracy of ML models ranges from 86.30% to 91.22%. The overlap ratio of the identified genes between ML and conventional methods ranges from 19.7% to 21.3%. ML exclusively identified oxidative phosphorylation genes in the AD pathway. Our results highlighted the deficiency of oxidative phosphorylation in AD and suggest that ML should be considered as complementary to the conventional fold-change methods in transcriptome studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Cheng
- grid.254145.30000 0001 0083 6092Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402 Taiwan ,grid.411508.90000 0004 0572 9415Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40447 Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ping Liu
- grid.254145.30000 0001 0083 6092Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402 Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yong Lin
- grid.254145.30000 0001 0083 6092Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402 Taiwan ,grid.411508.90000 0004 0572 9415Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40447 Taiwan ,grid.254145.30000 0001 0083 6092Brain Diseases Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402 Taiwan
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- grid.411508.90000 0004 0572 9415Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40447 Taiwan ,grid.254145.30000 0001 0083 6092School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402 Taiwan ,grid.252470.60000 0000 9263 9645Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, 41354 Taiwan ,grid.254145.30000 0001 0083 6092Division of Pediatric Genetics, Children’s Hospital of China Medical University, Taichung, 40447 Taiwan
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24
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Elevating the Levels of Calcium Ions Exacerbate Alzheimer's Disease via Inducing the Production and Aggregation of β-Amyloid Protein and Phosphorylated Tau. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115900. [PMID: 34072743 PMCID: PMC8198078 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with a high incidence rate. The main pathological features of AD are β-amyloid plaques (APs), which are formed by β-amyloid protein (Aβ) deposition, and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), which are formed by the excessive phosphorylation of the tau protein. Although a series of studies have shown that the accumulation of metal ions, including calcium ions (Ca2+), can promote the formation of APs and NFTs, there is no systematic review of the mechanisms by which Ca2+ affects the development and progression of AD. In view of this, the current review summarizes the mechanisms by which Ca2+ is transported into and out of cells and organelles, such as the cell, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrial and lysosomal membranes to affect the balance of intracellular Ca2+ levels. In addition, dyshomeostasis of Ca2+ plays an important role in modulating the pathogenesis of AD by influencing the production and aggregation of Aβ peptides and tau protein phosphorylation and the ways that disrupting the metabolic balance of Ca2+ can affect the learning ability and memory of people with AD. In addition, the effects of these mechanisms on the synaptic plasticity are also discussed. Finally, the molecular network through which Ca2+ regulates the pathogenesis of AD is introduced, providing a theoretical basis for improving the clinical treatment of AD.
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25
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Zhu D, Yuan T, Gao J, Xu Q, Xue K, Zhu W, Tang J, Liu F, Wang J, Yu C. Correlation between cortical gene expression and resting-state functional network centrality in healthy young adults. Hum Brain Mapp 2021; 42:2236-2249. [PMID: 33570215 PMCID: PMC8046072 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Resting‐state functional connectivity in the human brain is heritable, and previous studies have investigated the genetic basis underlying functional connectivity. However, at present, the molecular mechanisms associated with functional network centrality are still largely unknown. In this study, functional networks were constructed, and the graph‐theory method was employed to calculate network centrality in 100 healthy young adults from the Human Connectome Project. Specifically, functional connectivity strength (FCS), also known as the “degree centrality” of weighted networks, is calculated to measure functional network centrality. A multivariate technique of partial least squares regression (PLSR) was then conducted to identify genes whose spatial expression profiles best predicted the FCS distribution. We found that FCS spatial distribution was significantly positively correlated with the expression of genes defined by the first PLSR component. The FCS‐related genes we identified were significantly enriched for ion channels, axon guidance, and synaptic transmission. Moreover, FCS‐related genes were preferentially expressed in cortical neurons and young adulthood and were enriched in numerous neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders. Furthermore, a series of validation and robustness analyses demonstrated the reliability of the results. Overall, our results suggest that the spatial distribution of FCS is modulated by the expression of a set of genes associated with ion channels, axon guidance, and synaptic transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhu
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Tengfei Yuan
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Junfeng Gao
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Kaizhong Xue
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenshuang Zhu
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Tang
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Junping Wang
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunshui Yu
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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26
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Molina-Martínez P, Corpas R, García-Lara E, Cosín-Tomás M, Cristòfol R, Kaliman P, Solà C, Molinuevo JL, Sánchez-Valle R, Antonell A, Lladó A, Sanfeliu C. Microglial Hyperreactivity Evolved to Immunosuppression in the Hippocampus of a Mouse Model of Accelerated Aging and Alzheimer's Disease Traits. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 12:622360. [PMID: 33584248 PMCID: PMC7875867 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.622360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). We sought to study the glial derangement in AD using diverse experimental models and human brain tissue. Besides classical pro-inflammatory cytokines, we analyzed chitinase 3 like 1 (CHI3L1 or YKL40) and triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) that are increasingly being associated with astrogliosis and microgliosis in AD, respectively. The SAMP8 mouse model of accelerated aging and AD traits showed elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines and activated microglia phenotype. Furthermore, 6-month-old SAMP8 showed an exacerbated inflammatory response to peripheral lipopolysaccharide in the hippocampus and null responsiveness at the advanced age (for this strain) of 12 months. Gene expression of TREM2 was increased in the hippocampus of transgenic 5XFAD mice and in the cingulate cortex of autosomal dominant AD patients, and to a lesser extent in aged SAMP8 mice and sporadic early-onset AD patients. However, gene expression of CHI3L1 was increased in mice but not in human AD brain samples. The results support the relevance of microglia activation in the pathways leading to neurodegeneration and suggest diverse neuroinflammatory responses according to the AD process. Therefore, the SAMP8 mouse model with marked alterations in the dynamics of microglia activation and senescence may provide a complementary approach to transgenic mouse models for the study of the neuroinflammatory mechanisms underlying AD risk and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Molina-Martínez
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rubén Corpas
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisa García-Lara
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Cosín-Tomás
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa Cristòfol
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Perla Kaliman
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carme Solà
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Luis Molinuevo
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain.,Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Sánchez-Valle
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain.,Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Antonell
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain.,Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Lladó
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain.,Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Coral Sanfeliu
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
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27
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Caldwell AB, Liu Q, Schroth GP, Galasko DR, Yuan SH, Wagner SL, Subramaniam S. Dedifferentiation and neuronal repression define familial Alzheimer's disease. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:6/46/eaba5933. [PMID: 33188013 PMCID: PMC7673760 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aba5933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Identifying the systems-level mechanisms that lead to Alzheimer's disease, an unmet need, is an essential step toward the development of therapeutics. In this work, we report that the key disease-causative mechanisms, including dedifferentiation and repression of neuronal identity, are triggered by changes in chromatin topology. Here, we generated human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived neurons from donor patients with early-onset familial Alzheimer's disease (EOFAD) and used a multiomics approach to mechanistically characterize the modulation of disease-associated gene regulatory programs. We demonstrate that EOFAD neurons dedifferentiate to a precursor-like state with signatures of ectoderm and nonectoderm lineages. RNA-seq, ATAC-seq, and ChIP-seq analysis reveals that transcriptional alterations in the cellular state are orchestrated by changes in histone methylation and chromatin topology. Furthermore, we demonstrate that these mechanisms are observed in EOFAD-patient brains, validating our hiPSC-derived neuron models. The mechanistic endotypes of Alzheimer's disease uncovered here offer key insights for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew B Caldwell
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Douglas R Galasko
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Shauna H Yuan
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Steven L Wagner
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Shankar Subramaniam
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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28
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Ma QL, Zhu C, Morselli M, Su T, Pelligrini M, Lu Z, Jones M, Denver P, Castro D, Gu X, Relampagos F, Caoili K, Teter B, Frautschy SA, Cole GM. The Novel Omega-6 Fatty Acid Docosapentaenoic Acid Positively Modulates Brain Innate Immune Response for Resolving Neuroinflammation at Early and Late Stages of Humanized APOE-Based Alzheimer's Disease Models. Front Immunol 2020; 11:558036. [PMID: 33178186 PMCID: PMC7596305 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.558036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation plays a crucial role in the development and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD), in which activated microglia are found to be associated with neurodegeneration. However, there is limited evidence showing how neuroinflammation and activated microglia are directly linked to neurodegeneration in vivo. Besides, there are currently no effective anti-inflammatory drugs for AD. In this study, we report on an effective anti-inflammatory lipid, linoleic acid (LA) metabolite docosapentaenoic acid (DPAn-6) treatment of aged humanized EFAD mice with advanced AD pathology. We also report the associations of neuroinflammatory and/or activated microglial markers with neurodegeneration in vivo. First, we found that dietary LA reduced proinflammatory cytokines of IL1-β, IL-6, as well as mRNA expression of COX2 toward resolving neuroinflammation with an increase of IL-10 in adult AD models E3FAD and E4FAD mice. Brain fatty acid assays showed a five to six-fold increase in DPAn-6 by dietary LA, especially more in E4FAD mice, when compared to standard diet. Thus, we tested DPAn-6 in aged E4FAD mice. After DPAn-6 was administered to the E4FAD mice by oral gavage for three weeks, we found that DPAn-6 reduced microgliosis and mRNA expressions of inflammatory, microglial, and caspase markers. Further, DPAn-6 increased mRNA expressions of ADCYAP1, VGF, and neuronal pentraxin 2 in parallel, all of which were inversely correlated with inflammatory and microglial markers. Finally, both LA and DPAn-6 directly reduced mRNA expression of COX2 in amyloid-beta42 oligomer-challenged BV2 microglial cells. Together, these data indicated that DPAn-6 modulated neuroinflammatory responses toward resolution and improvement of neurodegeneration in the late stages of AD models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Lan Ma
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Geriatric Research and Clinical Center, Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, West Los Angeles VA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Cansheng Zhu
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Geriatric Research and Clinical Center, Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, West Los Angeles VA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Marco Morselli
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Institute for Genomics and Proteomics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Trent Su
- Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Matteo Pelligrini
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Institute for Genomics and Proteomics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Zhengqi Lu
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mychica Jones
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Geriatric Research and Clinical Center, Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, West Los Angeles VA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Paul Denver
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Geriatric Research and Clinical Center, Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, West Los Angeles VA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Daniel Castro
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Geriatric Research and Clinical Center, Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, West Los Angeles VA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Xuelin Gu
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Geriatric Research and Clinical Center, Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, West Los Angeles VA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Frances Relampagos
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Geriatric Research and Clinical Center, Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, West Los Angeles VA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Kaitlin Caoili
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Geriatric Research and Clinical Center, Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, West Los Angeles VA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Bruce Teter
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Geriatric Research and Clinical Center, Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, West Los Angeles VA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Sally A Frautschy
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Geriatric Research and Clinical Center, Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, West Los Angeles VA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Gregory M Cole
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Geriatric Research and Clinical Center, Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, West Los Angeles VA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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29
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Beckmann ND, Lin WJ, Wang M, Cohain AT, Charney AW, Wang P, Ma W, Wang YC, Jiang C, Audrain M, Comella PH, Fakira AK, Hariharan SP, Belbin GM, Girdhar K, Levey AI, Seyfried NT, Dammer EB, Duong D, Lah JJ, Haure-Mirande JV, Shackleton B, Fanutza T, Blitzer R, Kenny E, Zhu J, Haroutunian V, Katsel P, Gandy S, Tu Z, Ehrlich ME, Zhang B, Salton SR, Schadt EE. Multiscale causal networks identify VGF as a key regulator of Alzheimer's disease. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3942. [PMID: 32770063 PMCID: PMC7414858 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17405-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Though discovered over 100 years ago, the molecular foundation of sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains elusive. To better characterize the complex nature of AD, we constructed multiscale causal networks on a large human AD multi-omics dataset, integrating clinical features of AD, DNA variation, and gene- and protein-expression. These probabilistic causal models enabled detection, prioritization and replication of high-confidence master regulators of AD-associated networks, including the top predicted regulator, VGF. Overexpression of neuropeptide precursor VGF in 5xFAD mice partially rescued beta-amyloid-mediated memory impairment and neuropathology. Molecular validation of network predictions downstream of VGF was also achieved in this AD model, with significant enrichment for homologous genes identified as differentially expressed in 5xFAD brains overexpressing VGF. Our findings support a causal role for VGF in protecting against AD pathogenesis and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noam D Beckmann
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wei-Jye Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510120, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Minghui Wang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Ariella T Cohain
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexander W Charney
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pei Wang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Weiping Ma
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Ying-Chih Wang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Cheng Jiang
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Mickael Audrain
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Phillip H Comella
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Amanda K Fakira
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Siddharth P Hariharan
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Gillian M Belbin
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kiran Girdhar
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Allan I Levey
- Department of Neurology and Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nicholas T Seyfried
- Department of Neurology and Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Eric B Dammer
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Duc Duong
- Department of Neurology and Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - James J Lah
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jean-Vianney Haure-Mirande
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Ben Shackleton
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Tomas Fanutza
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Robert Blitzer
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Eimear Kenny
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Jun Zhu
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Sema4, Stamford, CT, 06902, USA
| | - Vahram Haroutunian
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, JJ Peters VA Medical Center, 130 West Kingsbridge Road, Bronx, NY, 10468, USA
| | - Pavel Katsel
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, JJ Peters VA Medical Center, 130 West Kingsbridge Road, Bronx, NY, 10468, USA
| | - Sam Gandy
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, JJ Peters VA Medical Center, 130 West Kingsbridge Road, Bronx, NY, 10468, USA
| | - Zhidong Tu
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Michelle E Ehrlich
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Stephen R Salton
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
| | - Eric E Schadt
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Sema4, Stamford, CT, 06902, USA.
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30
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Devanarayan P, Devanarayan V, Llano DA. Identification of a Simple and Novel Cut-Point Based Cerebrospinal Fluid and MRI Signature for Predicting Alzheimer's Disease Progression that Reinforces the 2018 NIA-AA Research Framework. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 68:537-550. [PMID: 30775985 DOI: 10.3233/jad-180905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The 2018 NIA-AA research framework proposes a classification system with Amyloid-β deposition, pathologic Tau, and Neurodegeneration (ATN) for diagnosis and staging of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Data from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database can be utilized to identify diagnostic signatures for predicting AD progression, and to determine the utility of this NIA-AA research framework. Profiles of 320 peptides from baseline cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples of 287 normal, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and AD subjects followed over a 3-10-year period were measured via multiple reaction monitoring mass spectrometry. CSF Aβ42, total-Tau (tTau), phosphorylated-Tau (pTau-181), and hippocampal volume were also measured. From these candidate markers, optimal signatures with decision thresholds to separate AD and normal subjects were first identified via unbiased regression and tree-based algorithms. The best performing signature determined via cross-validation was then tested in an independent group of MCI subjects to predict future progression. This multivariate analysis yielded a simple diagnostic signature comprising CSF pTau-181 to Aβ42 ratio, MRI hippocampal volume, and low CSF levels of a novel PTPRN peptide, with a decision threshold on each marker. When applied to a separate MCI group at baseline, subjects meeting these signature criteria experience 4.3-fold faster progression to AD compared to a 2.2-fold faster progression using only conventional markers. This novel 4-marker signature represents an advance over the current diagnostics based on widely used markers, and is easier to use in practice than recently published complex signatures. This signature also reinforces the ATN construct from the 2018 NIA-AA research framework.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Viswanath Devanarayan
- Charles River Laboratories, Horsham, PA, USA.,Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Daniel A Llano
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA.,Carle Neuroscience Institute, Urbana, IL, USA
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31
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Zhang X, Liu W, Cao Y, Tan W. Hippocampus Proteomics and Brain Lipidomics Reveal Network Dysfunction and Lipid Molecular Abnormalities in APP/PS1 Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease. J Proteome Res 2020; 19:3427-3437. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xueju Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
- Postdoctoral Innovation Base, Zhuhai Yuanzhi Health Technology Co. Ltd., Hengqin New Area, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- College of Biomedicine, Guangdong University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Yan Cao
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
- Postdoctoral Innovation Base, Zhuhai Yuanzhi Health Technology Co. Ltd., Hengqin New Area, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China
| | - Wen Tan
- Postdoctoral Innovation Base, Zhuhai Yuanzhi Health Technology Co. Ltd., Hengqin New Area, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China
- College of Biomedicine, Guangdong University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
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32
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Expression of Genes Involved in Axon Guidance: How Much Have We Learned? Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103566. [PMID: 32443632 PMCID: PMC7278939 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal axons are guided to their target during the development of the brain. Axon guidance allows the formation of intricate neural circuits that control the function of the brain, and thus the behavior. As the axons travel in the brain to find their target, they encounter various axon guidance cues, which interact with the receptors on the tip of the growth cone to permit growth along different signaling pathways. Although many scientists have performed numerous studies on axon guidance signaling pathways, we still have an incomplete understanding of the axon guidance system. Lately, studies on axon guidance have shifted from studying the signal transduction pathways to studying other molecular features of axon guidance, such as the gene expression. These new studies present evidence for different molecular features that broaden our understanding of axon guidance. Hence, in this review we will introduce recent studies that illustrate different molecular features of axon guidance. In particular, we will review literature that demonstrates how axon guidance cues and receptors regulate local translation of axonal genes and how the expression of guidance cues and receptors are regulated both transcriptionally and post-transcriptionally. Moreover, we will highlight the pathological relevance of axon guidance molecules to specific diseases.
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Bagyinszky E, Giau VV, An SA. Transcriptomics in Alzheimer's Disease: Aspects and Challenges. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3517. [PMID: 32429229 PMCID: PMC7278930 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. Although the heritability of AD is high, the knowledge of the disease-associated genes, their expression, and their disease-related pathways remain limited. Hence, finding the association between gene dysfunctions and pathological mechanisms, such as neuronal transports, APP processing, calcium homeostasis, and impairment in mitochondria, should be crucial. Emerging studies have revealed that changes in gene expression and gene regulation may have a strong impact on neurodegeneration. The mRNA-transcription factor interactions, non-coding RNAs, alternative splicing, or copy number variants could also play a role in disease onset. These facts suggest that understanding the impact of transcriptomes in AD may improve the disease diagnosis and also the therapies. In this review, we highlight recent transcriptome investigations in multifactorial AD, with emphasis on the insights emerging at their interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Bagyinszky
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Environment, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea;
- Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea
| | - Vo Van Giau
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Environment, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea;
- Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea
| | - SeongSoo A. An
- Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea
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34
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Yuen SC, Zhu H, Leung SW. A Systematic Bioinformatics Workflow With Meta-Analytics Identified Potential Pathogenic Factors of Alzheimer's Disease. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:209. [PMID: 32231518 PMCID: PMC7083177 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Potential pathogenic factors, other than well-known APP, APOE4, and PSEN, can be further identified from transcriptomics studies of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that are specific for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but findings are often inconsistent or even contradictory. Evidence corroboration by combining meta-analysis and bioinformatics methods may help to resolve existing inconsistencies and contradictions. This study aimed to demonstrate a systematic workflow for evidence synthesis of transcriptomic studies using both meta-analysis and bioinformatics methods to identify potential pathogenic factors. Transcriptomic data were assessed from GEO and ArrayExpress after systematic searches. The DEGs and their dysregulation states from both DNA microarray and RNA sequencing datasets were analyzed and corroborated by meta-analysis. Statistically significant DEGs were used for enrichment analysis based on KEGG and protein–protein interaction network (PPIN) analysis based on STRING. AD-specific modules were further determined by the DIAMOnD algorithm, which identifies significant connectivity patterns between specific disease-associated proteins and non-specific proteins. Within AD-specific modules, the nodes of highest degrees (>95th percentile) were considered as potential pathogenic factors. After systematic searches of 225 datasets, extensive meta-analyses among 25 datasets (21 DNA microarray datasets and 4 RNA sequencing datasets) identified 9,298 DEGs. The dysregulated genes and pathways in AD were associated with impaired amyloid-β (Aβ) clearance. From the AD-specific module, Fyn, and EGFR were the most statistically significant and biologically relevant. This meta-analytical study suggested that the reduced Aβ clearance in AD pathogenesis was associated with the genes encoding Fyn and EGFR, which were key receptors in Aβ downstream signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sze Chung Yuen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Hongmei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Siu-Wai Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.,School of Informatics, College of Science and Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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35
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Lee T, Lee H. Prediction of Alzheimer's disease using blood gene expression data. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3485. [PMID: 32103140 PMCID: PMC7044318 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60595-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of AD (Alzheimer's disease)-related genes obtained from blood samples is crucial for early AD diagnosis. We used three public datasets, ADNI, AddNeuroMed1 (ANM1), and ANM2, for this study. Five feature selection methods and five classifiers were used to curate AD-related genes and discriminate AD patients, respectively. In the internal validation (five-fold cross-validation within each dataset), the best average values of the area under the curve (AUC) were 0.657, 0.874, and 0.804 for ADNI, ANMI, and ANM2, respectively. In the external validation (training and test sets from different datasets), the best AUCs were 0.697 (training: ADNI to testing: ANM1), 0.764 (ADNI to ANM2), 0.619 (ANM1 to ADNI), 0.79 (ANM1 to ANM2), 0.655 (ANM2 to ADNI), and 0.859 (ANM2 to ANM1), respectively. These results suggest that although the classification performance of ADNI is relatively lower than that of ANM1 and ANM2, classifiers trained using blood gene expression can be used to classify AD for other data sets. In addition, pathway analysis showed that AD-related genes were enriched with inflammation, mitochondria, and Wnt signaling pathways. Our study suggests that blood gene expression data are useful in predicting the AD classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taesic Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Hyunju Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea.
- Artificial Intelligence Graduate School, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea.
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea.
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36
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Accelerated brain aging towards transcriptional inversion in a zebrafish model of the K115fs mutation of human PSEN2. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0227258. [PMID: 31978074 PMCID: PMC6980398 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The molecular changes involved in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression remain unclear since we cannot easily access antemortem human brains. Some non-mammalian vertebrates such as the zebrafish preserve AD-relevant transcript isoforms of the PRESENILIN genes lost from mice and rats. One example is PS2V, the alternative transcript isoform of the PSEN2 gene. PS2V is induced by hypoxia/oxidative stress and shows increased expression in late onset, sporadic AD brains. A unique, early onset familial AD mutation of PSEN2, K115fs, mimics the PS2V coding sequence suggesting that forced, early expression of PS2V-like isoforms may contribute to AD pathogenesis. Here we use zebrafish to model the K115fs mutation to investigate the effects of forced PS2V-like expression on the transcriptomes of young adult and aged adult brains. Methods We edited the zebrafish genome to model the K115fs mutation. To explore its effects at the molecular level, we analysed the brain transcriptome and proteome of young (6-month-old) and aged (24-month-old) wild type and heterozygous mutant female sibling zebrafish. Finally, we used gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to compare molecular changes in the brains of these fish to human AD. Results Young heterozygous mutant fish show transcriptional changes suggesting accelerated brain aging and increased glucocorticoid signalling. These early changes precede a transcriptional ‘inversion’ that leads to glucocorticoid resistance and other likely pathological changes in aged heterozygous mutant fish. Notably, microglia-associated immune responses regulated by the ETS transcription factor family are altered in both our zebrafish mutant model and in human AD. The molecular changes we observe in aged heterozygous mutant fish occur without obvious histopathology and possibly in the absence of Aβ. Conclusions Our results suggest that forced expression of a PS2V-like isoform contributes to immune and stress responses favouring AD pathogenesis. This highlights the value of our zebrafish genetic model for exploring molecular mechanisms involved in AD pathogenesis.
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Sun Y, Lin J, Zhang L. The application of weighted gene co-expression network analysis in identifying key modules and hub genes associated with disease status in Alzheimer's disease. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2019; 7:800. [PMID: 32042816 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.12.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative condition that affects more than 15 million individuals globally. However, a predictive molecular biomarker to distinguish the different stages of AD patients is still lacking. Methods A weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was employed to systematically identify the co-expressed gene modules and hub genes connected with AD development based on a microarray dataset (GSE1297) from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. An independent validation cohort, GSE28146, was utilized to assess the diagnostic efficiency for distinguishing the different stages of AD. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting analysis were applied to examine the mRNA and protein level of GRIK1, respectively, in AD mice established with the expression of mutant amyloid precursor protein and wild type mice. The morphology of neurons was investigated using phalloidin staining. Results We identified 16 co-expressed genes modules, with the pink module showing significant association with all three disease statuses [neurofibrillary tangle (NFT), BRAAK, and mini-mental state examination (MMSE)]. Enrichment analysis specified that these modules were enriched in phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling and ion transmembrane transport. The validation cohort GSE28146 confirmed that six hub genes in the pink module could distinguish severe and non-severe AD patients [area under the curve (AUC) >0.7]. These hub genes might act as a biomarker and help to differentiate diverse pathological stages for AD patients. Finally, one of the hubs, GRIK1, was validated by an animal AD model. The mRNA and protein level of GRIK1 in the AD hippocampus was increased compared with the control group (NC) hippocampus. Phalloidin staining showed that dendritic length of the GRIK1 pCDNA3.1 group was shorter than that of the NC group. Conclusions In summary, we systematically recognized co-expressed gene modules and genes related to AD stages, which gave insight into the fundamental mechanisms of AD progression and revealed some probable targets for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Sun
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, China
| | - Jinghan Lin
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, China
| | - Liming Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, China
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38
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Williams G, Gatt A, Clarke E, Corcoran J, Doherty P, Chambers D, Ballard C. Drug repurposing for Alzheimer's disease based on transcriptional profiling of human iPSC-derived cortical neurons. Transl Psychiatry 2019; 9:220. [PMID: 31492831 PMCID: PMC6731247 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-019-0555-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a complex disorder encompassing multiple pathological features with associated genetic and molecular culprits. However, target-based therapeutic strategies have so far proved ineffective. The aim of this study is to develop a methodology harnessing the transcriptional changes associated with Alzheimer's disease to develop a high content quantitative disease phenotype that can be used to repurpose existing drugs. Firstly, the Alzheimer's disease gene expression landscape covering severe disease stage, early pathology progression, cognitive decline and animal models of the disease has been defined and used to select a set of 153 drugs tending to oppose disease-associated changes in the context of immortalised human cancer cell lines. The selected compounds have then been assayed in the more biologically relevant setting of iPSC-derived cortical neuron cultures. It is shown that 51 of the drugs drive expression changes consistently opposite to those seen in Alzheimer's disease. It is hoped that the iPSC profiles will serve as a useful resource for drug repositioning within the context of neurodegenerative disease and potentially aid in generating novel multi-targeted therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth Williams
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, London Bridge, London, SE1 1UL, UK.
| | - Ariana Gatt
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, London Bridge, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Earl Clarke
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, London Bridge, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Jonathan Corcoran
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, London Bridge, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Patrick Doherty
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, London Bridge, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - David Chambers
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, London Bridge, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Clive Ballard
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX1 2LU, UK
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39
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Zhao Y, Zhu H, Lu Z, Knickmeyer RC, Zou F. Structured Genome-Wide Association Studies with Bayesian Hierarchical Variable Selection. Genetics 2019; 212:397-415. [PMID: 31010934 PMCID: PMC6553832 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.119.301906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
It becomes increasingly important in using genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to select important genetic information associated with qualitative or quantitative traits. Currently, the discovery of biological association among SNPs motivates various strategies to construct SNP-sets along the genome and to incorporate such set information into selection procedure for a higher selection power, while facilitating more biologically meaningful results. The aim of this paper is to propose a novel Bayesian framework for hierarchical variable selection at both SNP-set (group) level and SNP (within group) level. We overcome a key limitation of existing posterior updating scheme in most Bayesian variable selection methods by proposing a novel sampling scheme to explicitly accommodate the ultrahigh-dimensionality of genetic data. Specifically, by constructing an auxiliary variable selection model under SNP-set level, the new procedure utilizes the posterior samples of the auxiliary model to subsequently guide the posterior inference for the targeted hierarchical selection model. We apply the proposed method to a variety of simulation studies and show that our method is computationally efficient and achieves substantially better performance than competing approaches in both SNP-set and SNP selection. Applying the method to the Alzheimers Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) data, we identify biologically meaningful genetic factors under several neuroimaging volumetric phenotypes. Our method is general and readily to be applied to a wide range of biomedical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yize Zhao
- Department of Healthcare Policy and Research, Cornell University Weill Cornell, New York, New York 10065
| | - Hongtu Zhu
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Zhaohua Lu
- Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105
| | - Rebecca C Knickmeyer
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - Fei Zou
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
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40
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Han Z, Xue W, Tao L, Zhu F. Identification of Key Long Non-Coding RNAs in the Pathology of Alzheimer’s Disease and their Functions Based on Genome-Wide Associations Study, Microarray, and RNA-seq Data. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 68:339-355. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-181051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Han
- Innovative Drug Research and Bioinformatics Group, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Weiwei Xue
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Tao
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Feng Zhu
- Innovative Drug Research and Bioinformatics Group, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
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41
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Huang F, Ben Aissa M, Lévesque G, Carreau M. FANCC localizes with UNC5A at neurite outgrowth and promotes neuritogenesis. BMC Res Notes 2018; 11:662. [PMID: 30213274 PMCID: PMC6136181 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-018-3763-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The Uncoordinated 5A (UNC5A) protein is part of a family of receptors that play roles in axonal pathfinding and cell migration. We previously showed that the Fanconi anemia C protein (FANCC) interacts with UNC5A and delays UNC5A-mediated apoptosis. FANCC is a predominantly cytoplasmic protein that has multiple functions including DNA damage signaling, oxygen radical metabolism, signal transduction, transcriptional regulation and apoptosis. Given the direct interaction between FANCC and UNC5A and that FANCC interferes with UNC5A-mediated apoptosis, we explored the possibility that FANCC might play a role in axonal-like growth processes. Results Here we show that FANCC and UNC5A are localized to regions of neurite outgrowth during neuronal cell differentiation. We also show that absence of FANCC is required for neurite outgrowth. In addition, FANCC seems required for UNC5A expression. Results from this study combined with our previous report suggest that FANCC plays a role in tissue development through the regulation of UNC5A-mediated functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- FengFei Huang
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, CHUL, 2705 Boul. Laurier, RC-9800, Quebec, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Manel Ben Aissa
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, CHUL, 2705 Boul. Laurier, RC-9800, Quebec, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada.,Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Georges Lévesque
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, CHUL, 2705 Boul. Laurier, RC-9800, Quebec, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Madeleine Carreau
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, CHUL, 2705 Boul. Laurier, RC-9800, Quebec, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada. .,Department of Pediatrics, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada.
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Abstract
During nervous system development, neurons extend axons to reach their targets and form functional circuits. The faulty assembly or disintegration of such circuits results in disorders of the nervous system. Thus, understanding the molecular mechanisms that guide axons and lead to neural circuit formation is of interest not only to developmental neuroscientists but also for a better comprehension of neural disorders. Recent studies have demonstrated how crosstalk between different families of guidance receptors can regulate axonal navigation at choice points, and how changes in growth cone behaviour at intermediate targets require changes in the surface expression of receptors. These changes can be achieved by a variety of mechanisms, including transcription, translation, protein-protein interactions, and the specific trafficking of proteins and mRNAs. Here, I review these axon guidance mechanisms, highlighting the most recent advances in the field that challenge the textbook model of axon guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther T Stoeckli
- University of Zurich, Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Neuroscience Center Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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43
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Chen L, Huang Z, Du Y, Fu M, Han H, Wang Y, Dong Z. Capsaicin Attenuates Amyloid-β-Induced Synapse Loss and Cognitive Impairments in Mice. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 59:683-694. [PMID: 28671132 DOI: 10.3233/jad-170337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of progressive cognitive impairment in the aged. The aggregation of the amyloid β-protein (Aβ) is a hallmark of AD and is linked to synapse loss and cognitive impairment. Capsaicin, a specific agonist of the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1), has been proven to ameliorate stress-induced AD-like pathological and cognitive impairments, but it is unclear whether TRPV1 activation can affect cognitive and synaptic functions in Aβ-induced mouse model of AD. In this study, we investigated the effects of TRPV1 activation on spatial memory and synaptic plasticity in mice treated with Aβ. To induce AD-like pathological and cognitive impairments, adult C57Bl/6 mice were microinjected with Aβ42 (100 μM, 2.5 μl/mouse, i.c.v.). Two weeks after Aβ42 microinjection, spatial learning and memory as well as hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) were examined. The results showed that Aβ42 microinjection significantly impaired spatial learning and memory in the Morris water maze and novel object recognition tests compared with controls. These behavioral changes were accompanied by synapse loss and impaired LTP in the CA1 area of hippocampus. More importantly, daily capsaicin (1 mg/kg, i.p.) treatment throughout the experiment dramatically improved spatial learning and memory and synaptic function, as reflected by enhanced hippocampal LTP and reduced synapse loss, whereas the TRPV1 antagonist capsazepine (1 mg/kg, i.p.) treatment had no effects on cognitive and synaptic function in Aβ42-treated mice. These results indicate that TRPV1 activation by capsaicin rescues cognitive deficit in the Aβ42-induced mouse model of AD both structurely and functionally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Zhilin Huang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yehong Du
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Min Fu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Huili Han
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yutian Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.,Brain Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Zhifang Dong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
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44
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MicroRNA Expression Levels Are Altered in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients with Young-Onset Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:8826-8841. [PMID: 29603092 PMCID: PMC6208843 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1032-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) prior to the age of 65 years is classified as young-onset (YOAD), whereas diagnosis after the age of 65 years is considered late-onset (LOAD). Although rare autosomal mutations more commonly associate with YOAD, most YOAD and LOAD cases are sporadic. YOAD and LOAD share amyloid and tau pathology, but many YOAD patients show increased disease severity and rate of progression. The current study examined the microRNA (miRNA) expression profile from exosomes isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of YOAD patients with biomarker-confirmed AD. Results uncovered miR-16-5p, miR-125b-5p, miR-451a, and miR-605-5p as differentially expressed in the CSF-derived exosomes of YOAD patients when compared with healthy controls (HC). In a cohort of LOAD patients, miR-125b-5p, miR-451a, and miR-605-5p were similarly altered in expression, but miR-16-5p showed similar expression to control. Analysis of the mRNA targets of these miRNAs revealed transcripts enriched in biological processes relevant to the post-mortem posterior cingulate cortex transcriptome in YOAD from a previously published microarray study, including those related to neuron projections, synaptic signaling, metabolism, apoptosis, and the immune system. Hence, these miRNAs represent novel targets for uncovering disease mechanisms and for biomarker development in both YOAD and LOAD.
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45
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Xu M, Zhang D, Luo R, Wu Y, Zhou H, Kong L, Bi R, Yao Y. A systematic integrated analysis of brain expression profiles reveals
YAP1
and other prioritized hub genes as important upstream regulators in Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 2017; 14:215-229. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2017.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 08/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province Kunming Institute of Zoology Kunming Yunnan China
- Kunming College of Life Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming Yunnan China
| | - Deng‐Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province Kunming Institute of Zoology Kunming Yunnan China
| | - Rongcan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province Kunming Institute of Zoology Kunming Yunnan China
- Kunming College of Life Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming Yunnan China
| | - Yong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province Kunming Institute of Zoology Kunming Yunnan China
- Kunming College of Life Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming Yunnan China
| | - Hejiang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province Kunming Institute of Zoology Kunming Yunnan China
| | - Li‐Li Kong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province Kunming Institute of Zoology Kunming Yunnan China
- Institute of Health Science Anhui University Hefei Anhui China
| | - Rui Bi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province Kunming Institute of Zoology Kunming Yunnan China
| | - Yong‐Gang Yao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province Kunming Institute of Zoology Kunming Yunnan China
- Kunming College of Life Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming Yunnan China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China
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46
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Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia among aged people whose population is rapidly increasing. AD not only seriously affects the patient's physical health and quality of life, but also adds a heavy burden to the patient's family and society. It is urgent to understand AD pathogenesis and develop the means of prevention and treatment. AD is a chronic devastating neurodegenerative disease without effective treatment. Current approaches for management focus on helping patients relieve or delay the symptoms of cognitive dysfunction. The calcium ion (Ca2+) is an important second messenger in the function and structure of nerve cell circuits in the brain such as neuronal growth, exocytosis, as well as in synaptic and cognitive function. Increasing numbers of studies suggested that disruption of intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis, especially the abnormal and excessive Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) via the ryanodine receptor (RYR), plays important roles in orchestrating the dynamic of the neuropathology of AD and associated memory loss, cognitive dysfunction. Dantrolene, a known antagonist of the RYR and a clinically available drug to treat malignant hyperthermia, can ameliorate the abnormal Ca2+ release from the RYR in AD and the subsequent pathogenesis, such as increased β-secretase and γ-secretase activities, production of Amyloid-β 42 (Aβ 42) and its oligomer, impaired autophagy, synapse dysfunction, and memory loss. However, more studies are needed to confirm the efficacy and safety repurposing dantrolene as a therapeutic drug in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Yun Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201102, China
| | - Huafeng Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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47
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Martín-Maestro P, Gargini R, A Sproul A, García E, Antón LC, Noggle S, Arancio O, Avila J, García-Escudero V. Mitophagy Failure in Fibroblasts and iPSC-Derived Neurons of Alzheimer's Disease-Associated Presenilin 1 Mutation. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:291. [PMID: 28959184 PMCID: PMC5603661 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Familial Alzheimer’s disease (FAD) is clearly related with the accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) and its deleterious effect on mitochondrial function is well established. Anomalies in autophagy have also been described in these patients. In the present work, functional analyses have been performed to study mitochondrial recycling process in patient-derived fibroblasts and neurons from induced pluripotent stem cells harboring the presenilin 1 mutation A246E. Mitophagy impairment was observed due to a diminished autophagy degradation phase associated with lysosomal anomalies, thus causing the accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria labeled by Parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (PARK2). The failure of mitochondrial recycling by autophagy was enhanced in the patient-derived neuronal model. Our previous studies have demonstrated similar mitophagy impairment in sporadic Alzheimer’s disease (AD); therefore, our data indicate that mitophagy deficiency should be considered a common nexus between familial and sporadic cases of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Martín-Maestro
- Departamento de Neurobiología, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (UAM-CSIC)Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)Madrid, Spain.,Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell UniversityNew York, NY, United States
| | - Ricardo Gargini
- Departamento de Neurobiología, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (UAM-CSIC)Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrew A Sproul
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology and the Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia UniversityNew York, NY, United States
| | - Esther García
- Departamento de Neurobiología, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (UAM-CSIC)Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis C Antón
- Departamento de Neurobiología, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (UAM-CSIC)Madrid, Spain
| | - Scott Noggle
- The New York Stem Cell FoundationNew York, NY, United States
| | - Ottavio Arancio
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology and the Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia UniversityNew York, NY, United States
| | - Jesús Avila
- Departamento de Neurobiología, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (UAM-CSIC)Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)Madrid, Spain
| | - Vega García-Escudero
- Departamento de Neurobiología, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (UAM-CSIC)Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Anatomía, Histología y Neurociencia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadrid, Spain
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48
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Boden KA, Barber IS, Clement N, Patel T, Guetta-Baranes T, Brookes KJ, Chappell S, Craigon J, Chapman NH, Morgan K, Seymour GB, Bottley A. Methylation Profiling RIN3 and MEF2C Identifies Epigenetic Marks Associated with Sporadic Early Onset Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2017; 1:97-108. [PMID: 30480232 PMCID: PMC6159661 DOI: 10.3233/adr-170015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A number of genetic loci associate with early onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD); however, the drivers of this disease remains enigmatic. Genome wide association and in vivo modeling have shown that loss-of-function, e.g., ABCA7, reduced levels of SIRT1 and MEFF2C, or increased levels of PTK2β confer risk or link to the pathogenies. It is known that DNA methylation can profoundly affect gene expression and can impact on the composition of the proteome; therefore, the aim of this study is to assess if genes associated with sporadic EOAD (sEOAD) are differentially methylated. Epi-profiles of DNA extracted from blood and cortex were compared using a pyrosequencing platform. We identified significant group-wide hypomethylation in AD blood when compared to controls for 7 CpGs located within the 3'UTR of RIN3 (CpG1 p = 0.019, CpG2 p = 0.018, CpG3 p = 0.012, CpG4 p = 0.009, CpG5 p = 0.002, CpG6 p = 0.018, and CpG7 p = 0.013, respectively; AD/Control n = 22/26; Male/Female n = 27/21). Observed effects were not gender specific. No group wide significant differences were found in the promoter methylation of PTK2β, ABCA7, SIRT1, or MEF2C, genes known to associate with late onset AD. A rare and significant difference in methylation was observed for one CpG located upstream of the MEF2C promoter in one AD individual only (22% reduction in methylation, p = 2.0E-10; Control n = 26, AD n = 25, Male/Female n = 29/22). It is plausible aberrant methylation may mark sEOAD in blood and may manifest in some individuals as rare epi-variants for genes linked to sEOAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsty A Boden
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Imelda S Barber
- Schools of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Naomi Clement
- Schools of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Tulsi Patel
- Schools of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - Keeley J Brookes
- Schools of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Sally Chappell
- Schools of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Jim Craigon
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | | | | | - Kevin Morgan
- Schools of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - Andrew Bottley
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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49
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Dönertaş HM, İzgi H, Kamacıoğlu A, He Z, Khaitovich P, Somel M. Gene expression reversal toward pre-adult levels in the aging human brain and age-related loss of cellular identity. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5894. [PMID: 28724976 PMCID: PMC5517654 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05927-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
It was previously reported that mRNA expression levels in the prefrontal cortex at old age start to resemble pre-adult levels. Such expression reversals could imply loss of cellular identity in the aging brain, and provide a link between aging-related molecular changes and functional decline. Here we analyzed 19 brain transcriptome age-series datasets, comprising 17 diverse brain regions, to investigate the ubiquity and functional properties of expression reversal in the human brain. Across all 19 datasets, 25 genes were consistently up-regulated during postnatal development and down-regulated in aging, displaying an "up-down" pattern that was significant as determined by random permutations. In addition, 113 biological processes, including neuronal and synaptic functions, were consistently associated with genes showing an up-down tendency among all datasets. Genes up-regulated during in vitro neuronal differentiation also displayed a tendency for up-down reversal, although at levels comparable to other genes. We argue that reversals may not represent aging-related neuronal loss. Instead, expression reversals may be associated with aging-related accumulation of stochastic effects that lead to loss of functional and structural identity in neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Handan Melike Dönertaş
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey.
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, United Kingdom.
| | - Hamit İzgi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Altuğ Kamacıoğlu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zhisong He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, 320 Yue Yang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Philipp Khaitovich
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, 320 Yue Yang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
| | - Mehmet Somel
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey.
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50
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Di Re J, Wadsworth PA, Laezza F. Intracellular Fibroblast Growth Factor 14: Emerging Risk Factor for Brain Disorders. Front Cell Neurosci 2017; 11:103. [PMID: 28469558 PMCID: PMC5396478 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The finely tuned regulation of neuronal firing relies on the integrity of ion channel macromolecular complexes. Minimal disturbances of these tightly regulated networks can lead to persistent maladaptive plasticity of brain circuitry. The intracellular fibroblast growth factor 14 (FGF14) belongs to the nexus of proteins interacting with voltage-gated Na+ (Nav) channels at the axonal initial segment. Through isoform-specific interactions with the intracellular C-terminal tail of neuronal Nav channels (Nav1.1, Nav1.2, Nav1.6), FGF14 controls channel gating, axonal targeting and phosphorylation in neurons effecting excitability. FGF14 has been also involved in synaptic transmission, plasticity and neurogenesis in the cortico-mesolimbic circuit with cognitive and affective behavioral outcomes. In translational studies, interest in FGF14 continues to rise with a growing list of associative links to diseases of the cognitive and affective domains such as neurodegeneration, depression, anxiety, addictive behaviors and recently schizophrenia, suggesting its role as a converging node in the etiology of complex brain disorders. Yet, a full understanding of FGF14 function in neurons is far from being complete and likely to involve other functions unrelated to the direct regulation of Nav channels. The goal of this Mini Review article is to provide a summary of studies on the emerging role of FGF14 in complex brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Di Re
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Texas Medical BranchGalveston, TX, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical BranchGalveston, TX, USA
| | - Paul A Wadsworth
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, The University of Texas Medical BranchGalveston, TX, USA
| | - Fernanda Laezza
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical BranchGalveston, TX, USA.,Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, The University of Texas Medical BranchGalveston, TX, USA.,Center for Addiction Research, The University of Texas Medical BranchGalveston, TX, USA
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