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Cantero JL, Atienza M, Sastre I, Bullido MJ. Human in vivo evidence of associations between herpes simplex virus and cerebral amyloid-beta load in normal aging. Alzheimers Res Ther 2024; 16:68. [PMID: 38570885 PMCID: PMC10988886 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-024-01437-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mounting data suggests that herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is involved in the pathogenesis of AD, possibly instigating amyloid-beta (Aβ) accumulation decades before the onset of clinical symptoms. However, human in vivo evidence linking HSV-1 infection to AD pathology is lacking in normal aging, which may contribute to the elucidation of the role of HSV-1 infection as a potential AD risk factor. METHODS To shed light into this question, serum anti-HSV IgG levels were correlated with 18F-Florbetaben-PET binding to Aβ deposits and blood markers of neurodegeneration (pTau181 and neurofilament light chain) in cognitively normal older adults. Additionally, we investigated whether associations between anti-HSV IgG and AD markers were more evident in APOE4 carriers. RESULTS We showed that increased anti-HSV IgG levels are associated with higher Aβ load in fronto-temporal regions of cognitively normal older adults. Remarkably, these cortical regions exhibited abnormal patterns of resting state-functional connectivity (rs-FC) only in those individuals showing the highest levels of anti-HSV IgG. We further found that positive relationships between anti-HSV IgG levels and Aβ load, particularly in the anterior cingulate cortex, are moderated by the APOE4 genotype, the strongest genetic risk factor for AD. Importantly, anti-HSV IgG levels were unrelated to either subclinical cognitive deficits or to blood markers of neurodegeneration. CONCLUSIONS All together, these results suggest that HSV infection is selectively related to cortical Aβ deposition in normal aging, supporting the inclusion of cognitively normal older adults in prospective trials of antimicrobial therapy aimed at decreasing the AD risk in the aging population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose L Cantero
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Pablo de Olavide University, Ctra. de Utrera Km 1, Seville, 41013, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Mercedes Atienza
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Pablo de Olavide University, Ctra. de Utrera Km 1, Seville, 41013, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Sastre
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPAZ (Hospital Universitario La Paz - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (C.S.I.C.-U.A.M.), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Jesús Bullido
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPAZ (Hospital Universitario La Paz - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (C.S.I.C.-U.A.M.), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Fernandez-Alvarez M, Atienza M, Cantero JL. Cortical amyloid-beta burden is associated with changes in intracortical myelin in cognitively normal older adults. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:115. [PMID: 37024484 PMCID: PMC10079650 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02420-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyloid-beta (Aβ) aggregates and myelin breakdown are among the earliest detrimental effects of Alzheimer's disease (AD), likely inducing abnormal patterns of neuronal communication within cortical networks. However, human in vivo evidence linking Aβ burden, intracortical myelin, and cortical synchronization is lacking in cognitively normal older individuals. Here, we addressed this question combining 18F-Florbetaben-PET imaging, cortical T1-weigthed/T2-weighted (T1w/T2w) ratio maps, and resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) in cognitively unimpaired older adults. Results showed that global Aβ burden was both positively and negatively associated with the T1w/T2w ratio in different cortical territories. Affected cortical regions were further associated with abnormal patterns of rs-FC and with subclinical cognitive deficits. Finally, causal mediation analysis revealed that the negative impact of T1w/T2w ratio in left posterior cingulate cortex on processing speed was driven by Aβ burden. Collectively, these findings provide novel insights into the relationship between initial Aβ plaques and intracortical myelin before the onset of cognitive decline, which may contribute to monitor the efficacy of novel disease-modifying strategies in normal elderly individuals at risk for cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Fernandez-Alvarez
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Atienza
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose L Cantero
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain.
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Madrid, Spain.
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3
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Fernandez-Alvarez M, Atienza M, Cantero JL. Effects of non-modifiable risk factors of Alzheimer's disease on intracortical myelin content. Alzheimers Res Ther 2022; 14:202. [PMID: 36587227 PMCID: PMC9805254 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-022-01152-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-modifiable risk factors of Alzheimer's disease (AD) have lifelong effects on cortical integrity that could be mitigated if identified at early stages. However, it remains unknown whether cortical microstructure is affected in older individuals with non-modifiable AD risk factors and whether altered cortical tissue integrity produces abnormalities in brain functional networks in this AD-risk population. METHODS Using relative T1w/T2w (rT1w/T2w) ratio maps, we have compared tissue integrity of normal-appearing cortical GM between controls and cognitively normal older adults with either APOE4 (N = 50), with a first-degree family history (FH) of AD (N = 52), or with the co-occurrence of both AD risk factors (APOE4+FH) (N = 35). Additionally, individuals with only one risk factor (APOE4 or FH) were combined into one group (N = 102) and compared with controls. The same number of controls matched in age, sex, and years of education was employed for each of these comparisons. Group differences in resting state functional connectivity (rs-FC) patterns were also investigated, using as FC seeds those cortical regions showing significant changes in rT1w/T2w ratios. RESULTS Overall, individuals with non-modifiable AD risk factors exhibited significant variations in rT1w/T2w ratios compared to controls, being APOE4 and APOE4+FH at opposite ends of a continuum. The co-occurrence of APOE4 and FH was further accompanied by altered patterns of rs-FC. CONCLUSIONS These findings may have practical implications for early detection of cortical abnormalities in older populations with APOE4 and/or FH of AD and open new avenues to monitor changes in cortical tissue integrity associated with non-modifiable AD risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Fernandez-Alvarez
- grid.15449.3d0000 0001 2200 2355Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Pablo de Olavide University, Ctra. de Utrera Km 1, 41013 Seville, Spain ,grid.418264.d0000 0004 1762 4012CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Atienza
- grid.15449.3d0000 0001 2200 2355Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Pablo de Olavide University, Ctra. de Utrera Km 1, 41013 Seville, Spain ,grid.418264.d0000 0004 1762 4012CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose L. Cantero
- grid.15449.3d0000 0001 2200 2355Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Pablo de Olavide University, Ctra. de Utrera Km 1, 41013 Seville, Spain ,grid.418264.d0000 0004 1762 4012CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Madrid, Spain
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4
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Lopez-Vilaret KM, Fernandez-Alvarez M, Shokri-Kojori E, Tomasi D, Cantero JL, Atienza M. Pre-diabetes is associated with altered functional connectivity density in cortical regions of the default-mode network. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:1034355. [PMID: 36438011 PMCID: PMC9686287 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1034355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance and glucose dysregulation are associated with patterns of regional brain hypometabolism characteristic of Alzheimer's disease (AD). As predicted by evidence linking brain glucose metabolism to brain functional connectivity, type 2 diabetes is accompanied by altered functional connectivity density (FCD) in regions highly vulnerable to AD, but whether these alterations start at earlier stages such as pre-diabetes remain to be elucidated. Here, in addition to assessing whether pre-diabetes leads to a functional reorganization of densely connected cortical areas (hubs), we will assess whether such reorganization is conditioned by sex and/or insulin resistance, and contributes to improved cognition. One hundred and forty-four cognitively unimpaired middle-aged and older adults (55-78 years, 79 females), 73 with normoglycemia and 71 with pre-diabetes, underwent resting-state fMRI scanning. We first computed FCD mapping on cortical surfaces to determine the number of short- and long-range functional connections of every vertex in the cortex, and next used hubs showing aberrant FCD as seeds for the resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) calculation. ANCOVAs and linear multiple regression analyses adjusted by demographic and cardiometabolic confounders using frequentist and Bayesian approaches were applied. Analyses revealed higher long-range FCD in the right precuneus of pre-diabetic females and lower short-range FCD in the left medial orbitofrontal cortex (mOFC) of pre-diabetic individuals with higher insulin resistance. Although the mOFC also showed altered rs-FC patterns with other regions of the default mode network in pre-diabetic individuals, it was FCD of the precuneus and mOFC, and not the magnitude of their rs-FC, that was associated with better planning abilities and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores. Results suggest that being female and/or having high insulin resistance exacerbate pre-diabetes-induced alterations in the FCD of hubs of the default-mode network that are particularly vulnerable to AD pathology. These changes in brain network organization appear to be compensatory for pre-diabetic females, likely assisting them to maintain cognitive functioning at early stages of glucose dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marina Fernandez-Alvarez
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ehsan Shokri-Kojori
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Dardo Tomasi
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Jose L Cantero
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Atienza
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Madrid, Spain
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Schuler AL, Ferrazzi G, Colenbier N, Arcara G, Piccione F, Ferreri F, Marinazzo D, Pellegrino G. Auditory driven gamma synchrony is associated with cortical thickness in widespread cortical areas. Neuroimage 2022; 255:119175. [PMID: 35390460 PMCID: PMC9168448 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Gamma synchrony is a fundamental functional property of the cerebral cortex, impaired in multiple neuropsychiatric conditions (i.e. schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, stroke etc.). Auditory stimulation in the gamma range allows to drive gamma synchrony of the entire cortical mantle and to estimate the efficiency of the mechanisms sustaining it. As gamma synchrony depends strongly on the interplay between parvalbumin-positive interneurons and pyramidal neurons, we hypothesize an association between cortical thickness and gamma synchrony. To test this hypothesis, we employed a combined magnetoencephalography (MEG) - Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) study. METHODS Cortical thickness was estimated from anatomical MRI scans. MEG measurements related to exposure of 40 Hz amplitude modulated tones were projected onto the cortical surface. Two measures of cortical synchrony were considered: (a) inter-trial phase consistency at 40 Hz, providing a vertex-wise estimation of gamma synchronization, and (b) phase-locking values between primary auditory cortices and whole cortical mantle, providing a measure of long-range cortical synchrony. A correlation between cortical thickness and synchronization measures was then calculated for 72 MRI-MEG scans. RESULTS Both inter-trial phase consistency and phase locking values showed a significant positive correlation with cortical thickness. For inter-trial phase consistency, clusters of strong associations were found in the temporal and frontal lobes, especially in the bilateral auditory and pre-motor cortices. Higher phase-locking values corresponded to higher cortical thickness in the frontal, temporal, occipital and parietal lobes. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS In healthy subjects, a thicker cortex corresponds to higher gamma synchrony and connectivity in the primary auditory cortex and beyond, likely reflecting underlying cell density involved in gamma circuitries. This result hints towards an involvement of gamma synchrony together with underlying brain structure in brain areas for higher order cognitive functions. This study contributes to the understanding of inherent cortical functional and structural brain properties, which might in turn constitute the basis for the definition of useful biomarkers in patients showing aberrant gamma synchronization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giulio Ferrazzi
- IRCCS San Camillo Hospital, Via Alberoni 70, Venice 30126, Italy
| | - Nigel Colenbier
- IRCCS San Camillo Hospital, Via Alberoni 70, Venice 30126, Italy
| | - Giorgio Arcara
- IRCCS San Camillo Hospital, Via Alberoni 70, Venice 30126, Italy
| | | | - Florinda Ferreri
- Unit of Neurology, Unit of Clinical Neurophysiology, Study Center of Neurodegeneration (CESNE), Department of Neuroscience, University of Padua, Padua, Italy; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Kuopio University Hospital, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Daniele Marinazzo
- Department of Data Analysis, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Ghent University
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Fernandez-Alvarez M, Atienza M, Zallo F, Matute C, Capetillo-Zarate E, Cantero JL. Linking Plasma Amyloid Beta and Neurofilament Light Chain to Intracortical Myelin Content in Cognitively Normal Older Adults. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:896848. [PMID: 35783126 PMCID: PMC9247578 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.896848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests that lightly myelinated cortical regions are vulnerable to aging and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, it remains unknown whether plasma markers of amyloid and neurodegeneration are related to deficits in intracortical myelin content, and whether this relationship, in turn, is associated with altered patterns of resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC). To shed light into these questions, plasma levels of amyloid-β fragment 1–42 (Aβ1–42) and neurofilament light chain (NfL) were measured using ultra-sensitive single-molecule array (Simoa) assays, and the intracortical myelin content was estimated with the ratio T1-weigthed/T2-weighted (T1w/T2w) in 133 cognitively normal older adults. We assessed: (i) whether plasma Aβ1–42 and/or NfL levels were associated with intracortical myelin content at different cortical depths and (ii) whether cortical regions showing myelin reductions also exhibited altered rs-FC patterns. Surface-based multiple regression analyses revealed that lower plasma Aβ1–42 and higher plasma NfL were associated with lower myelin content in temporo-parietal-occipital regions and the insular cortex, respectively. Whereas the association with Aβ1–42 decreased with depth, the NfL-myelin relationship was most evident in the innermost layer. Older individuals with higher plasma NfL levels also exhibited altered rs-FC between the insula and medial orbitofrontal cortex. Together, these findings establish a link between plasma markers of amyloid/neurodegeneration and intracortical myelin content in cognitively normal older adults, and support the role of plasma NfL in boosting aberrant FC patterns of the insular cortex, a central brain hub highly vulnerable to aging and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Fernandez-Alvarez
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Atienza
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Fatima Zallo
- Departamento de Neurociencias, Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Universidad del País Vasco, Leioa, Spain
| | - Carlos Matute
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Neurociencias, Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Universidad del País Vasco, Leioa, Spain
| | - Estibaliz Capetillo-Zarate
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Neurociencias, Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Universidad del País Vasco, Leioa, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Jose L. Cantero
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Jose L. Cantero,
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7
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Aberizk K, Collins MA, Addington J, Bearden CE, Cadenhead KS, Cornblatt BA, Mathalon DH, McGlashan TH, Perkins DO, Tsuang MT, Woods SW, Cannon TD, Walker EF. Life Event Stress and Reduced Cortical Thickness in Youth at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis and Healthy Control Subjects. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2022; 7:171-179. [PMID: 33930604 PMCID: PMC8551305 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2021.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A decline in cortical thickness during early life appears to be a normal neuromaturational process. Accelerated cortical thinning has been linked with conversion to psychosis among individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR-P). Previous research indicates that exposure to life event stress (LES) is associated with exaggerated cortical thinning in both healthy and clinical populations, and LES is also linked with conversion to psychosis in CHR-P. To date, there are no reports on the relationship of LES with cortical thickness in CHR-P. This study examines this relationship and whether LES is linked with cortical thinning to a greater degree in individuals at CHR-P who convert to psychosis compared with individuals at CHR-P who do not convert and healthy control subjects. METHODS Controlling for age and gender (364 male, 262 female), this study examined associations between LES and baseline cortical thickness in 436 individuals at CHR-P (375 nonconverters and 61 converters) and 190 comparison subjects in the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study. RESULTS Findings indicate that prebaseline cumulative LES is associated with reduced baseline cortical thickness in several regions among the CHR-P and control groups. Evidence suggests that LES is a risk factor for thinner cortex to the same extent across diagnostic groups, while CHR-P status is linked with thinner cortex in select regions after accounting for LES. CONCLUSIONS This research provides additional evidence to support the role of LES in cortical thinning in both healthy youth and those at CHR-P. Potential underlying mechanisms of the findings and implications for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina Aberizk
- Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
| | - Meghan A Collins
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Jean Addington
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Carrie E Bearden
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Kristin S Cadenhead
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | | | - Daniel H Mathalon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California; San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, California
| | | | - Diana O Perkins
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Ming T Tsuang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Scott W Woods
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Tyrone D Cannon
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Elaine F Walker
- Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
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8
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Miglin R, Rodriguez S, Bounoua N, Sadeh N. A Multidimensional Examination of Psychopathy Traits and Gray Matter Volume in Adults. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2021; 17:662-672. [PMID: 34878140 PMCID: PMC9250300 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsab131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Uncovering the neurobiological abnormalities that may contribute to the manifestation of psychopathic traits is an important step toward understanding the etiology of this disorder. Although many studies have examined gray matter volume (GMV) in relation to psychopathy, few have examined how dimensions of psychopathic traits interactively relate to GMV, an approach that holds promise for parsing heterogeneity in neurobiological risk factors for this disorder. The aim of this study was to investigate the affective-interpersonal (Factor 1) and impulsive-antisocial (Factor 2) dimensions of psychopathy in relation to cortical surface and subcortical GMV in a mixed-gender, high-risk community sample with significant justice-system involvement (N = 156, 50.0% men). Cortex-wide analysis indicated that (i) the Factor 1 traits correlated negatively with GMV in two cortical clusters, one in the right rostral middle frontal region and one in the occipital lobe, and (ii) the interaction of the affective-interpersonal and impulsive-antisocial traits was negatively associated with GMV bilaterally in the parietal lobe, such that individuals high on both trait dimensions evidenced reduced GMV relative to individuals high on only one psychopathy factor. An interactive effect also emerged for bilateral amygdalar and hippocampal GMV, such that Factor 1 psychopathic traits were significantly negatively associated with GMV only at high (but not low) levels of Factor 2 traits. Results extend prior research by demonstrating the neurobiological correlates of psychopathy differ based on the presentation of Factor 1 and 2 traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rickie Miglin
- University of Delaware, Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Samantha Rodriguez
- University of Delaware, Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Nadia Bounoua
- University of Delaware, Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Naomi Sadeh
- University of Delaware, Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Newark, DE 19716, USA
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9
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Lopez-Vilaret KM, Cantero JL, Fernandez-Alvarez M, Calero M, Calero O, Lindín M, Zurrón M, Díaz F, Atienza M. Impaired glucose metabolism reduces the neuroprotective action of adipocytokines in cognitively normal older adults with insulin resistance. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:23936-23952. [PMID: 34731089 PMCID: PMC8610113 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that aging-related dysfunctions of adipose tissue and metabolic disturbances increase the risk of diabetes and metabolic syndrome (MtbS), eventually leading to cognitive impairment and dementia. However, the neuroprotective role of adipocytokines in this process has not been specifically investigated. The present study aims to identify metabolic alterations that may prevent adipocytokines from exerting their neuroprotective action in normal ageing. We hypothesize that neuroprotection may occur under insulin resistance (IR) conditions as long as there are no other metabolic alterations that indirectly impair the action of adipocytokines, such as hyperglycemia. This hypothesis was tested in 239 cognitively normal older adults (149 females) aged 52 to 87 years (67.4 ± 5.9 yr). We assessed whether the homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and the presence of different components of MtbS moderated the association of plasma adipocytokines (i.e., adiponectin, leptin and the adiponectin to leptin [Ad/L] ratio) with cognitive functioning and cortical thickness. The results showed that HOMA-IR, circulating triglyceride and glucose levels moderated the neuroprotective effect of adipocytokines. In particular, elevated triglyceride levels reduced the beneficial effect of Ad/L ratio on cognitive functioning in insulin-sensitive individuals; whereas under high IR conditions, it was elevated glucose levels that weakened the association of the Ad/L ratio with cognitive functioning and with cortical thickness of prefrontal regions. Taken together, these findings suggest that the neuroprotective action of adipocytokines is conditioned not only by whether cognitively normal older adults are insulin-sensitive or not, but also by the circulating levels of triglycerides and glucose, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jose L Cantero
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain.,CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Fernandez-Alvarez
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain.,CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Calero
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Madrid, Spain.,Chronic Disease Programme, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Olga Calero
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Madrid, Spain.,Chronic Disease Programme, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Lindín
- Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Montserrat Zurrón
- Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Fernando Díaz
- Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Mercedes Atienza
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain.,CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Madrid, Spain
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10
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Reseco L, Atienza M, Fernandez-Alvarez M, Carro E, Cantero JL. Salivary lactoferrin is associated with cortical amyloid-beta load, cortical integrity, and memory in aging. ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY 2021; 13:150. [PMID: 34488875 PMCID: PMC8422723 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-021-00891-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging is associated with declining protective immunity and persistent low-grade inflammatory responses, which significantly contribute to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. Detecting aging-related cerebral vulnerability associated with deterioration of the immune system requires from non-invasive biomarkers able to detect failures in the brain-immunity connection. Reduced levels of salivary lactoferrin (sLF), an iron-binding protein with immunomodulatory activity, have been related to AD diagnosis. However, it remains unknown whether decreased sLF is associated with increased cortical amyloid-beta (Aβ) load and/or with loss of cortical integrity in normal aging. METHODS Seventy-four cognitively normal older adults (51 females) participated in the study. We applied multiple linear regression analyses to assess (i) whether sLF is associated with cortical Aβ load measured by 18F-Florbetaben (FBB)-positron emission tomography (PET), (ii) whether sLF-related variations in cortical thickness and cortical glucose metabolism depend on global Aβ burden, and (iii) whether such sLF-related cortical abnormalities moderate the relationship between sLF and cognition. RESULTS sLF was negatively associated with Aβ load in parieto-temporal regions. Moreover, sLF was related to thickening of the middle temporal cortex, increased FDG uptake in the posterior cingulate cortex, and poorer memory. These associations were stronger in individuals showing the highest Aβ burden. CONCLUSIONS sLF levels are sensitive to variations in cortical Aβ load, structural and metabolic cortical abnormalities, and subclinical memory impairment in asymptomatic older adults. These findings provide support for the use of sLF as a non-invasive biomarker of cerebral vulnerability in the general aging population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Reseco
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Pablo de Olavide University, Ctra. de Utrera Km 1, 41013, Seville, Spain.,CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Atienza
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Pablo de Olavide University, Ctra. de Utrera Km 1, 41013, Seville, Spain.,CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Fernandez-Alvarez
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Pablo de Olavide University, Ctra. de Utrera Km 1, 41013, Seville, Spain.,CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Carro
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Madrid, Spain.,Group of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hospital 12 de Octubre Research Institute (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose L Cantero
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Pablo de Olavide University, Ctra. de Utrera Km 1, 41013, Seville, Spain. .,CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Madrid, Spain.
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11
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Cantero JL, Atienza M, Lage C, Zaborszky L, Vilaplana E, Lopez-Garcia S, Pozueta A, Rodriguez-Rodriguez E, Blesa R, Alcolea D, Lleo A, Sanchez-Juan P, Fortea J. Atrophy of Basal Forebrain Initiates with Tau Pathology in Individuals at Risk for Alzheimer's Disease. Cereb Cortex 2021; 30:2083-2098. [PMID: 31799623 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhz224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests that the basal forebrain (BF) cholinergic system degenerates early in the course of Alzheimer's disease (AD), likely due to the vulnerability of BF cholinergic neurons to tau pathology. However, it remains unclear whether the presence of tauopathy is the only requirement for initiating the BF degeneration in asymptomatic subjects at risk for AD (AR-AD), and how BF structural deficits evolve from normal aging to preclinical and prodromal AD. Here, we provide human in vivo magnetic resonance imaging evidence supporting that abnormal cerebrospinal fluid levels of phosphorylated tau (T+) are selectively associated with bilateral volume loss of the nucleus basalis of Meynert (nbM, Ch4) in AR-AD individuals. Spreading of atrophy to medial septum and vertical limb of diagonal band Broca (Ch1-Ch2) occurred in both preclinical and prodromal AD. With the exception of A+, all groups revealed significant correlations between volume reduction of BF cholinergic compartments and atrophy of their innervated regions. Overall, these results support the central role played by tauopathy in instigating the nbM degeneration in AR-AD individuals and the necessary coexistence of both AD proteinopathies for spreading damage to larger BF territories, thus affecting the core of the BF cholinergic projection system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose L Cantero
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Pablo de Olavide University, 41013 Seville, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Atienza
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Pablo de Olavide University, 41013 Seville, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Lage
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, 28031 Madrid, Spain
- Service of Neurology, IDIVAL, University Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, University of Cantabria, 39008 Santander, Spain
| | - Laszlo Zaborszky
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, 07102 NJ, USA
| | - Eduard Vilaplana
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, 28031 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Neurology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques Sant Pau-Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Lopez-Garcia
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, 28031 Madrid, Spain
- Service of Neurology, IDIVAL, University Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, University of Cantabria, 39008 Santander, Spain
| | - Ana Pozueta
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, 28031 Madrid, Spain
- Service of Neurology, IDIVAL, University Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, University of Cantabria, 39008 Santander, Spain
| | - Eloy Rodriguez-Rodriguez
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, 28031 Madrid, Spain
- Service of Neurology, IDIVAL, University Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, University of Cantabria, 39008 Santander, Spain
| | - Rafael Blesa
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, 28031 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Neurology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques Sant Pau-Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Alcolea
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, 28031 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Neurology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques Sant Pau-Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberto Lleo
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, 28031 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Neurology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques Sant Pau-Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pascual Sanchez-Juan
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, 28031 Madrid, Spain
- Service of Neurology, IDIVAL, University Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, University of Cantabria, 39008 Santander, Spain
| | - Juan Fortea
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, 28031 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Neurology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques Sant Pau-Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
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12
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Iannopollo E, Garcia K. Enhanced detection of cortical atrophy in Alzheimer's disease using structural MRI with anatomically constrained longitudinal registration. Hum Brain Mapp 2021; 42:3576-3592. [PMID: 33988265 PMCID: PMC8249882 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cortical atrophy is a defining feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD), often detectable before symptoms arise. In surface-based analyses, studies have commonly focused on cortical thinning while overlooking the impact of loss in surface area. To capture the impact of both cortical thinning and surface area loss, we used anatomically constrained Multimodal Surface Matching (aMSM), a recently developed tool for mapping change in surface area. We examined cortical atrophy over 2 years in cognitively normal subjects and subjects with diagnoses of stable mild cognitive impairment, mild cognitive impairment that converted to AD, and AD. Magnetic resonance imaging scans were segmented and registered to a common atlas using previously described techniques (FreeSurfer and ciftify), then longitudinally registered with aMSM. Changes in cortical thickness, surface area, and volume were mapped within each diagnostic group, and groups were compared statistically. Changes in thickness and surface area detected atrophy at similar levels of significance, though regions of atrophy somewhat differed. Furthermore, we found that surface area maps offered greater consistency across scanners (3.0 vs. 1.5 T). Comparisons to the FreeSurfer longitudinal pipeline and parcellation-based (region-of-interest) analysis suggest that aMSM may allow more robust detection of atrophy, particularly in earlier disease stages and using smaller sample sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Iannopollo
- Department of Radiology and Imaging SciencesIndiana University School of MedicineEvansvilleIndianaUSA
| | - Kara Garcia
- Department of Radiology and Imaging SciencesIndiana University School of MedicineEvansvilleIndianaUSA
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13
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Sheehan AE, Bounoua N, Miglin R, Spielberg JM, Sadeh N. A multilevel examination of lifetime aggression: integrating cortical thickness, personality pathology and trauma exposure. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2021; 16:716-725. [PMID: 33837772 PMCID: PMC8259263 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsab042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Aggression represents a significant public health concern, causing serious physical and psychological harm. Although many studies have sought to characterize the etiology of aggression, research on the contributions of risk factors that span multiple levels of analysis for explaining aggressive behavior is lacking. To address this gap, we investigated the direct and unique contributions of cortical thickness (level 1), pathological personality traits (level 2) and trauma exposure (level 3) for explaining lifetime physical aggression in a high-risk sample of community adults (N = 129, 47.3% men). First, the frequency of lifetime aggression was inversely associated with cortical thickness in regions of prefrontal and temporal cortices that have been implicated in executive functioning, inhibitory mechanisms and socio-emotional processing. Further, aggression was positively associated with pathological personality traits (antagonism and disinhibition) and exposure to assaultive trauma. Notably, all three levels of analysis (cortical thickness, pathological personality traits and assaultive trauma exposure) explained non-overlapping variance in aggressive behavior when examined simultaneously in integrative models. Together, the findings provide a multilevel assessment of the biopsychosocial factors associated with the frequency of aggression. They also indicate that cortical thickness explains novel variance in these harmful behaviors not captured by well-established personality and environmental risk factors for aggression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana E Sheehan
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19176, USA
| | - Nadia Bounoua
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19176, USA
| | - Rickie Miglin
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19176, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Spielberg
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19176, USA
| | - Naomi Sadeh
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19176, USA
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14
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Park JY, Fiecas M. Permutation-based inference for spatially localized signals in longitudinal MRI data. Neuroimage 2021; 239:118312. [PMID: 34182099 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disease in which the degree of cortical atrophy in specific structures of the brain serves as a useful imaging biomarker. Recent approaches using linear mixed effects (LME) models in longitudinal neuroimaging have been powerful and flexible in investigating the temporal trajectories of cortical thickness. However, massive-univariate analysis, a simplified approach that obtains a summary statistic (e.g., a p-value) for every vertex along the cortex, is insufficient to model cortical atrophy because it does not account for spatial similarities of the signals in neighboring locations. In this article, we develop a permutation-based inference procedure to detect spatial clusters of vertices showing statistically significant differences in the rates of cortical atrophy. The proposed method, called SpLoc, uses spatial information to combine the signals adaptively across neighboring vertices, yielding high statistical power while controlling family-wise error rate (FWER) accurately. When we reject the global null hypothesis, we use a cluster selection algorithm to detect the spatial clusters of significant vertices. We validate our method using simulation studies and apply it to the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) data to show its superior performance over existing methods. An R package for implementing SpLoc is publicly available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Young Park
- Department of Statistical Sciences and Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S, Canada.
| | - Mark Fiecas
- Division of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN 55455, U.S.A
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15
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Sheng L, Zhao P, Ma H, Radua J, Yi Z, Shi Y, Zhong J, Dai Z, Pan P. Cortical thickness in Parkinson's disease: a coordinate-based meta-analysis. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:4007-4023. [PMID: 33461168 PMCID: PMC7906199 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common age-related neurodegenerative disease that affects the structural architecture of the cerebral cortex. Cortical thickness (CTh) via surface-based morphometry (SBM) analysis is a popular measure to assess brain structural alterations in the gray matter in PD. However, the results of CTh analysis in PD lack consistency and have not been systematically reviewed. We conducted a comprehensive coordinate-based meta-analysis (CBMA) of 38 CTh studies (57 comparison datasets) in 1,843 patients with PD using the latest seed-based d mapping software. Compared with 1,172 healthy controls, no significantly consistent CTh alterations were found in patients with PD, suggesting CTh as an unreliable neuroimaging marker for PD. The lack of consistent CTh alterations in PD could be ascribed to the heterogeneity in clinical populations, variations in imaging methods, and underpowered small sample sizes. These results highlight the need to control for potential confounding factors to produce robust and reproducible CTh results in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- LiQin Sheng
- Department of Neurology, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, PR China
| | - PanWen Zhao
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Yancheng, PR China
| | - HaiRong Ma
- Department of Neurology, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, PR China
| | - Joaquim Radua
- Imaging of Mood- and Anxiety-Related Disorders (IMARD) Group, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain
- Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical-Detection (EPIC) Laboratory, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
- Centre for Psychiatric Research and Education, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - ZhongQuan Yi
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Yancheng, PR China
| | - YuanYuan Shi
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Yancheng, PR China
| | - JianGuo Zhong
- Department of Neurology, The Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Yancheng, PR China
| | - ZhenYu Dai
- Department of Radiology, The Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Yancheng, PR China
| | - PingLei Pan
- Department of Neurology, The Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Yancheng, PR China
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16
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Sheng L, Ma H, Shi Y, Dai Z, Zhong J, Chen F, Pan P. Cortical Thickness in Migraine: A Coordinate-Based Meta-Analysis. Front Neurosci 2021; 14:600423. [PMID: 33488349 PMCID: PMC7815689 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.600423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cortical thickness (CTh) via surface-based morphometry analysis is a popular method to characterize brain morphometry. Many studies have been performed to investigate CTh abnormalities in migraine. However, the results from these studies were not consistent and even conflicting. These divergent results hinder us to obtain a clear picture of brain morphometry regarding CTh alterations in migraine. Coordinate-based meta-analysis (CBMA) is a promising technique to quantitatively pool individual neuroimaging studies to identify consistent brain areas involved. Electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang, and SinoMed) and other sources (bioRxiv and reference lists of relevant articles and reviews) were systematically searched for studies that compared regional CTh differences between patients with migraine and healthy controls (HCs) up to May 15, 2020. A CBMA was performed using the Seed-based d Mapping with Permutation of Subject Images approach. In total, we identified 16 studies with 17 datasets reported that were eligible for the CBMA. The 17 datasets included 872 patients with migraine (average sample size 51.3, mean age 39.6 years, 721 females) and 949 HCs (average sample size 59.3, mean age 44.2 years, 680 females). The CBMA detected no statistically significant consistency of CTh alterations in patients with migraine relative to HCs. Sensitivity analysis and subgroup analysis verified this result to be robust. Metaregression analyses revealed that this CBMA result was not confounded by age, gender, aura, attack frequency per month, and illness duration. Our CBMA adds to the evidence of the replication crisis in neuroimaging research that is increasingly recognized. Many potential confounders, such as underpowered sample size, heterogeneous patient selection criteria, and differences in imaging collection and methodology, may contribute to the inconsistencies of CTh alterations in migraine, which merit attention before planning future research on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- LiQin Sheng
- Department of Neurology, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - HaiRong Ma
- Department of Neurology, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - YuanYuan Shi
- Department of Central Laboratory, School of Medicine, Affiliated Yancheng Hospital, Southeast University, Yancheng, China
| | - ZhenYu Dai
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Affiliated Yancheng Hospital, Southeast University, Yancheng, China
| | - JianGuo Zhong
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Affiliated Yancheng Hospital, Southeast University, Yancheng, China
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Affiliated Yancheng Hospital, Southeast University, Yancheng, China
| | - PingLei Pan
- Department of Central Laboratory, School of Medicine, Affiliated Yancheng Hospital, Southeast University, Yancheng, China
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Affiliated Yancheng Hospital, Southeast University, Yancheng, China
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17
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Cantero JL, Atienza M, Ramos-Cejudo J, Fossati S, Wisniewski T, Osorio RS. Plasma tau predicts cerebral vulnerability in aging. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:21004-21022. [PMID: 33147571 PMCID: PMC7695405 DOI: 10.18632/aging.104057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Identifying cerebral vulnerability in late life may help prevent or slow the progression of aging-related chronic diseases. However, non-invasive biomarkers aimed at detecting subclinical cerebral changes in the elderly are lacking. Here, we have examined the potential of plasma total tau (t-tau) for identifying cerebral and cognitive deficits in normal elderly subjects. Patterns of cortical thickness and cortical glucose metabolism were used as outcomes of cerebral vulnerability. We found that increased plasma t-tau levels were associated with widespread reductions of cortical glucose uptake, thinning of the temporal lobe, and memory deficits. Importantly, tau-related reductions of glucose consumption in the orbitofrontal cortex emerged as a determining factor of the relationship between cortical thinning and memory loss. Together, these results support the view that plasma t-tau may serve to identify subclinical cerebral and cognitive deficits in normal aging, allowing detection of individuals at risk for developing aging-related neurodegenerative conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose L. Cantero
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Atienza
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaime Ramos-Cejudo
- Division of Brain Aging, Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Silvia Fossati
- Alzheimer's Center at Temple, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Thomas Wisniewski
- Departments of Neurology, Pathology and Psychiatry, Center for Cognitive Neurology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Ricardo S. Osorio
- Division of Brain Aging, Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
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18
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Wei G, Si R, Li Y, Yao Y, Chen L, Zhang S, Huang T, Zou L, Li C, Perrey S. "No Pain No Gain": Evidence from a Parcel-Wise Brain Morphometry Study on the Volitional Quality of Elite Athletes. Brain Sci 2020; 10:brainsci10070459. [PMID: 32709011 PMCID: PMC7407584 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10070459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Volition is described as a psychological construct with great emphasis on the sense of agency. During volitional behavior, an individual always presents a volitional quality, an intrapersonal trait for dealing with adverse circumstances, which determines the individual’s persistence of action toward their intentions or goals. Elite athletes are a group of experts with superior volitional quality and, thereby, could be regarded as the natural subject pool to investigate this mental trait. The purpose of this study was to examine brain morphometric characteristics associated with volitional quality by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and the Scale of Volitional Quality. We recruited 16 national-level athletes engaged in short track speed skating and 18 healthy controls matched with age and gender. A comparison of a parcel-wise brain anatomical characteristics of the healthy controls with those of the elite athletes revealed three regions with significantly increased cortical thickness in the athlete group. These regions included the left precuneus, the left inferior parietal lobe, and the right superior frontal lobe, which are the core brain regions involved in the sense of agency. The mean cortical thickness of the left inferior parietal lobe was significantly correlated with the independence of volitional quality (a mental trait that characterizes one’s intendency to control his/her own behavior and make decisions by applying internal standards and/or objective criteria). These findings suggest that sports training is an ideal model for better understanding the neural mechanisms of volitional behavior in the human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoxia Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (Y.Y.); (L.C.); (S.Z.)
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-010-64850898
| | - Ruoguang Si
- CUBRIC, Cardiff University, Maindy Road, Wales Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK;
| | - Youfa Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment toward Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;
| | - Ying Yao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (Y.Y.); (L.C.); (S.Z.)
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lizhen Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (Y.Y.); (L.C.); (S.Z.)
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (Y.Y.); (L.C.); (S.Z.)
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China;
| | - Liye Zou
- Department of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518061, China;
| | - Chunxiao Li
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China;
| | - Stephane Perrey
- EuroMov Digital Health in Motion, Univ Montpellier, IMT Mines Ales, 34090 Montpellier, France;
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19
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Blood total antioxidant status is associated with cortical glucose uptake and factors related to accelerated aging. Brain Struct Funct 2020; 225:841-851. [PMID: 32048020 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-020-02039-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Identifying cerebral vulnerability in late life is of paramount importance to prevent pathological trajectories of aging before the onset of symptoms. Considerable evidence suggests that impaired antioxidant mechanisms are a fingerprint of aging-related conditions, but there is a lack of human research linking total antioxidant capacity (TAC) measured in peripheral blood to in vivo brain changes and other factors featuring accelerated aging. To address this issue, we have assessed in cognitively normal elderly subjects (N = 100) correlations between serum TAC, using the oxygen radical absorbance capacity assay, surface-based cortical thickness, surface-based 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography cortical uptake, and different factors associated with accelerated aging [i.e., serum homocysteine (HCY), self-reported memory problems, and self-reported patterns of physical activity]. While no relationship was observed between serum TAC and variations in cortical thickness, decreased TAC level was significantly associated with lower FDG uptake in temporal lobes bilaterally. Remarkably, decreased TAC level was linked to increased HCY concentrations, more subjective memory complaints, and lower frequency of physical activity. Overall, our results suggest that decreased serum TAC level may be helpful to detect vulnerable trajectories of aging.
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20
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Manzano-Crespo M, Atienza M, Cantero JL. Lower serum expression of miR-181c-5p is associated with increased plasma levels of amyloid-beta 1-40 and cerebral vulnerability in normal aging. Transl Neurodegener 2019; 8:34. [PMID: 31700619 PMCID: PMC6827222 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-019-0174-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have shown that expression levels of miR-181c are downregulated by amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition and chronic cerebral hypoperfusion, both factors largely associated with the development of AD. Moreover, reduced 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG)-PET brain metabolism and volume loss of regions of the medial temporal lobe have been generally recognized as hallmarks of AD. Based on this evidence, we have here investigated potential associations between serum levels of miR-181c-5p and these AD signatures in asymptomatic elderly subjects. Methods Ninety-five normal elderly subjects underwent clinical, cognitive, structural MRI, and FDG-PET explorations. Serum expression levels of miR-181c-5p and plasma Aβ concentrations were further analyzed in this cohort. Regression analyses were performed to assess associations between serum miR-181c-5p levels and cognitive functioning, plasma Aβ, structural and metabolic brain changes. Results Decreased serum expression of miR-181c-5p was associated with increased plasma levels of Aβ1–40, deficits in cortical glucose metabolism, and volume reduction of the entorhinal cortex. No significant associations were found between lower miR-181c-5p levels and cognitive deficits or cortical thinning. Conclusions These findings suggest that deregulation of serum miR-181c-5p may indicate cerebral vulnerability in late life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Manzano-Crespo
- 1Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Pablo de Olavide University, Ctra. de Utrera Km 1, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Mercedes Atienza
- 1Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Pablo de Olavide University, Ctra. de Utrera Km 1, 41013 Seville, Spain.,2CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, 28031, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose L Cantero
- 1Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Pablo de Olavide University, Ctra. de Utrera Km 1, 41013 Seville, Spain.,2CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, 28031, Madrid, Spain
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21
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Zhang B, Wang F, Dong HM, Jiang XW, Wei SN, Chang M, Yin ZY, Yang N, Zuo XN, Tang YQ, Xu K. Surface-based regional homogeneity in bipolar disorder: A resting-state fMRI study. Psychiatry Res 2019; 278:199-204. [PMID: 31220786 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2019.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Surface-based, two-dimensional regional homogeneity (2dReHo) was used in the current study to compare local functional synchronization of spontaneous neuronal activity between patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and healthy controls (HC), rather than volume-based, three-dimensional regional homogeneity (3dReHo) methods that have been previously described. Seventy-one BD patients and 113 HC participated in structural and resting-state fMRI scans. Participants ranged in age from 12 to 54 years. All subjects were rated with the Young Mania Rating Scale and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. BD patients showed reduced surface-based ReHo across the cortical surface, both at the global level and in the left ventral visual stream (VVS). Additionally, ReHo value across the cortical surface showed a significant negative correlation with age in both groups at the global level. Abnormal activity in the left VVS cortex may contribute to the pathogenesis of BD. Therefore, surface-based ReHo may be a useful index to explore the pathophysiology of BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, PR China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Radiology and Psychiatry, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, PR China
| | - Hao-Ming Dong
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Xiao-Wei Jiang
- Department of Radiology and Psychiatry, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, PR China
| | - Sheng-Nan Wei
- Department of Radiology and Psychiatry, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, PR China
| | - Miao Chang
- Department of Radiology and Psychiatry, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, PR China
| | - Zhi-Yang Yin
- Department of Radiology and Psychiatry, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, PR China
| | - Ning Yang
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Xi-Nian Zuo
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China; Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research Center, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China
| | - Yan-Qing Tang
- Department of Radiology and Psychiatry, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, PR China
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, PR China.
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22
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Alnæs D, Kaufmann T, van der Meer D, Córdova-Palomera A, Rokicki J, Moberget T, Bettella F, Agartz I, Barch DM, Bertolino A, Brandt CL, Cervenka S, Djurovic S, Doan NT, Eisenacher S, Fatouros-Bergman H, Flyckt L, Di Giorgio A, Haatveit B, Jönsson EG, Kirsch P, Lund MJ, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Pergola G, Schwarz E, Smeland OB, Quarto T, Zink M, Andreassen OA, Westlye LT. Brain Heterogeneity in Schizophrenia and Its Association With Polygenic Risk. JAMA Psychiatry 2019; 76:739-748. [PMID: 30969333 PMCID: PMC6583664 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.0257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Importance Between-individual variability in brain structure is determined by gene-environment interactions, possibly reflecting differential sensitivity to environmental and genetic perturbations. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have revealed thinner cortices and smaller subcortical volumes in patients with schizophrenia. However, group-level comparisons may mask considerable within-group heterogeneity, which has largely remained unnoticed in the literature. Objectives To compare brain structural variability between individuals with schizophrenia and healthy controls and to test whether respective variability reflects the polygenic risk score (PRS) for schizophrenia in an independent sample of healthy controls. Design, Setting, and Participants This case-control and polygenic risk analysis compared MRI-derived cortical thickness and subcortical volumes between healthy controls and patients with schizophrenia across 16 cohorts and tested for associations between PRS and MRI features in a control cohort from the UK Biobank. Data were collected from October 27, 2004, through April 12, 2018, and analyzed from December 3, 2017, through August 1, 2018. Main Outcomes and Measures Mean and dispersion parameters were estimated using double generalized linear models. Vertex-wise analysis was used to assess cortical thickness, and regions-of-interest analyses were used to assess total cortical volume, total surface area, and white matter, subcortical, and hippocampal subfield volumes. Follow-up analyses included within-sample analysis, test of robustness of the PRS threshold, population covariates, outlier removal, and control for image quality. Results A comparison of 1151 patients with schizophrenia (mean [SD] age, 33.8 [10.6] years; 68.6% male [n = 790] and 31.4% female [n = 361]) with 2010 healthy controls (mean [SD] age, 32.6 [10.4] years; 56.0% male [n = 1126] and 44.0% female [n = 884]) revealed higher heterogeneity in schizophrenia for cortical thickness and area (t = 3.34), cortical (t = 3.24) and ventricle (t range, 3.15-5.78) volumes, and hippocampal subfields (t range, 2.32-3.55). In the UK Biobank sample of 12 490 participants (mean [SD] age, 55.9 [7.5] years; 48.2% male [n = 6025] and 51.8% female [n = 6465]), higher PRS was associated with thinner frontal and temporal cortices and smaller left CA2/3 (t = -3.00) but was not significantly associated with dispersion. Conclusions and Relevance This study suggests that schizophrenia is associated with substantial brain structural heterogeneity beyond the mean differences. These findings may reflect higher sensitivity to environmental and genetic perturbations in patients, supporting the heterogeneous nature of schizophrenia. A higher PRS was associated with thinner frontotemporal cortices and smaller hippocampal subfield volume, but not heterogeneity. This finding suggests that brain variability in schizophrenia results from interactions between environmental and genetic factors that are not captured by the PRS. Factors contributing to heterogeneity in frontotemporal cortices and hippocampus are key to furthering our understanding of how genetic and environmental factors shape brain biology in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dag Alnæs
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Tobias Kaufmann
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Dennis van der Meer
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Aldo Córdova-Palomera
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Jaroslav Rokicki
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Torgeir Moberget
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Francesco Bettella
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Deanna M. Barch
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in Saint Louis, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Alessandro Bertolino
- Psychiatric Neuroscience Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Christine L. Brandt
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Simon Cervenka
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nhat Trung Doan
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Sarah Eisenacher
- Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Helena Fatouros-Bergman
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lena Flyckt
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Annabella Di Giorgio
- Psychiatric Neuroscience Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Beathe Haatveit
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Erik G. Jönsson
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Kirsch
- Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Martina J. Lund
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg
- Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Giulio Pergola
- Psychiatric Neuroscience Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Emanuel Schwarz
- Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Olav B. Smeland
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Tiziana Quarto
- Psychiatric Neuroscience Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Mathias Zink
- Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ole A. Andreassen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars T. Westlye
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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23
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Franz CE, Xian H, Lew D, Hatton SN, Puckett O, Whitsel N, Beck A, Dale AM, Fang B, Fennema-Notestine C, Hauger RL, Jacobson KC, Lyons MJ, Reynolds CA, Kremen WS. Body mass trajectories and cortical thickness in middle-aged men: a 42-year longitudinal study starting in young adulthood. Neurobiol Aging 2019; 79:11-21. [PMID: 31026618 PMCID: PMC6591047 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Evidence strongly suggests that being overweight or obese at midlife confers significantly higher risk for Alzheimer's disease and greater brain atrophy later in life. Few studies, however, examine associations between longitudinal changes in adiposity during early adulthood and later brain morphometry. Measures of body mass index (BMI) were collected in 373 men from the Vietnam Era Twin Study of Aging at average ages 20, 40, 56, and 62 years, yielding 2 BMI trajectories. We then examined associations between BMI phenotypes (trajectories, continuous BMI, obese/nonobese), cortical thickness, and white matter measures from structural magnetic resonance imaging at mean age 62 (time 4, range 56-66 years). Those on the obesity trajectory (N = 171) had a thinner cortex compared with the normal/lean trajectory (N = 202) in multiple frontal and temporal lobe bilateral regions of interest: superior, inferior, middle temporal gyri, temporal pole, fusiform gyrus, banks of the superior temporal sulcus, frontal pole, pars triangularis, caudal and rostral middle frontal gyri (all p < 0.05, false discovery rate corrected). Frontal lobe thinness tended to occur mainly in the right hemisphere. Results were similar for obese versus nonobese adults at age 62. There were no significant differences for white matter volume or abnormalities. Taken in the context of other research, these associations between brain structures and excess BMI at midlife suggest potential for increased risk for cognitive decline in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol E. Franz
- Department of Psychiatry & Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
| | - Hong Xian
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Daphne Lew
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sean N. Hatton
- Department of Psychiatry & Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
| | - Olivia Puckett
- Department of Psychiatry & Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
| | - Nathan Whitsel
- Department of Psychiatry & Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
| | - Asad Beck
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Anders M. Dale
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
| | - Bin Fang
- Department of Psychiatry & Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
| | - Christine Fennema-Notestine
- Department of Psychiatry & Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA,Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
| | - Richard L. Hauger
- Department of Psychiatry & Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA,Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego Healthcare System, USA
| | - Kristen C. Jacobson
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Michael J. Lyons
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chandra A. Reynolds
- Department of Psychology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - William S. Kremen
- Department of Psychiatry & Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA,Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego Healthcare System, USA
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24
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Maldonado-Lasuncion I, Atienza M, Sanchez-Espinosa MP, Cantero JL. Aging-Related Changes in Cognition and Cortical Integrity are Associated With Serum Expression of Candidate MicroRNAs for Alzheimer Disease. Cereb Cortex 2018; 29:4426-4437. [DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhy323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Evidence has shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in molecular pathways responsible for aging and prevalent aging-related chronic diseases. However, the lack of research linking circulating levels of miRNAs to changes in the aging brain hampers clinical translation. Here, we have investigated if serum expression of brain-enriched miRNAs that have been proposed as potential biomarkers in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) (miR-9, miR-29b, miR-34a, miR-125b, and miR-146a) are also associated with cognitive functioning and changes of the cerebral cortex in normal elderly subjects. Results revealed that candidate miRNAs were linked to changes in cortical thickness (miR-9, miR-29b, miR-34a, and miR-125b), cortical glucose metabolism (miR-29b, miR-125b, and miR-146a), and cognitive performance (miR-9, miR-34a, and miR-125b). While both miR-29b and miR-125b were related to aging-related structural and metabolic cortical changes, only expression levels of miR-125b were associated with patterns of glucose consumption shown by cortical regions that correlated with executive function. Together, these findings suggest that serum expression of AD-related miRNAs are biologically meaningful in aging and may play a role as biomarkers of cerebral vulnerability in late life.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mercedes Atienza
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Spain
| | | | - Jose L Cantero
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Spain
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25
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Lawrence E, Vegvari C, Ower A, Hadjichrysanthou C, De Wolf F, Anderson RM. A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Studies Which Measure Alzheimer's Disease Biomarkers. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 59:1359-1379. [PMID: 28759968 PMCID: PMC5611893 DOI: 10.3233/jad-170261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive and fatal neurodegenerative disease, with no effective treatment or cure. A gold standard therapy would be treatment to slow or halt disease progression; however, knowledge of causation in the early stages of AD is very limited. In order to determine effective endpoints for possible therapies, a number of quantitative surrogate markers of disease progression have been suggested, including biochemical and imaging biomarkers. The dynamics of these various surrogate markers over time, particularly in relation to disease development, are, however, not well characterized. We reviewed the literature for studies that measured cerebrospinal fluid or plasma amyloid-β and tau, or took magnetic resonance image or fluorodeoxyglucose/Pittsburgh compound B-positron electron tomography scans, in longitudinal cohort studies. We summarized the properties of the major cohort studies in various countries, commonly used diagnosis methods and study designs. We have concluded that additional studies with repeat measures over time in a representative population cohort are needed to address the gap in knowledge of AD progression. Based on our analysis, we suggest directions in which research could move in order to advance our understanding of this complex disease, including repeat biomarker measurements, standardization and increased sample sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Lawrence
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Carolin Vegvari
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Alison Ower
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Frank De Wolf
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Janssen Prevention Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Roy M Anderson
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
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26
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Prieto del Val L, Cantero JL, Baena D, Atienza M. Damage of the temporal lobe and APOE status determine neural compensation in mild cognitive impairment. Cortex 2018; 101:136-153. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2018.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 12/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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27
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Cerebral changes and disrupted gray matter cortical networks in asymptomatic older adults at risk for Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2018; 64:58-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2017.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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28
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Dewandre D, Atienza M, Sanchez-Espinosa MP, Cantero JL. Effects of PER3 clock gene polymorphisms on aging-related changes of the cerebral cortex. Brain Struct Funct 2017; 223:597-607. [PMID: 28900721 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-017-1513-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Considerable evidence suggests that circadian rhythmicity is progressively disrupted in senescence. Among clock genes, Period3 (PER3) has been associated with circadian phenotypes, homeostatic regulation of sleep, and cognitive performance in young adults. However, the effects of PER3 genotype on aging-related changes in both cognitive function and cortical integrity remain largely unknown. To shed light into this issue, we have investigated differences in cognitive performance, patterns of cortical thickness, and cortical glucose consumption in normal elderly subjects homozygous carriers of the short (PER34/4, n = 32) and long repeat alleles (PER35/5, n = 32). Relationships between cognitive performance and cortical thickness/metabolism were further explored for each PER3 genotype. We found that PER35/5 carriers had poorer cognitive performance (attention, executive function, semantic memory, and verbal fluency) and lower cortical integrity (structural and functional) than PER34/4. PER35/5 further showed thinning of temporo-parietal areas, and reductions of glucose consumption in fronto-temporo-parietal regions bilaterally. Moreover, PER35/5 subjects exhibited significant correlations between decreased glucose metabolism in fronto-parietal regions and poorer cognitive flexibility, though only correlations with lower glucose consumption of the supramarginal gyrus distinguished PER35/5 from PER34/4 groups. Overall, these findings enhance our understanding on the gene-brain interaction in aging, and may have further implications for the detection of subclinical cognitive decline associated with PER3 genotypes in late life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Dewandre
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Spanish Network of Excellence for Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Pablo de Olavide University, Ctra. de Utrera Km 1, 41013, Seville, Spain
| | - Mercedes Atienza
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Spanish Network of Excellence for Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Pablo de Olavide University, Ctra. de Utrera Km 1, 41013, Seville, Spain
| | - Mayely P Sanchez-Espinosa
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Spanish Network of Excellence for Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Pablo de Olavide University, Ctra. de Utrera Km 1, 41013, Seville, Spain
| | - Jose L Cantero
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Spanish Network of Excellence for Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Pablo de Olavide University, Ctra. de Utrera Km 1, 41013, Seville, Spain.
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29
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Cantero JL, Zaborszky L, Atienza M. Volume Loss of the Nucleus Basalis of Meynert is Associated with Atrophy of Innervated Regions in Mild Cognitive Impairment. Cereb Cortex 2017; 27:3881-3889. [PMID: 27371762 PMCID: PMC6059249 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhw195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive research suggests that basal forebrain (BF) cholinergic neurons are selectively vulnerable to Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, it remains unknown whether volume loss of BF cholinergic compartments parallels structural changes of their innervated regions in prodromal AD. To this aim, we have correlated volume of each BF compartment with cortical thickness and hippocampus/amygdala volume in 106 healthy older (HO) adults and 106 amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) patients. Correlations were limited to regions affected by atrophy in aMCI. The volume of the nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM/Ch4) was positively correlated with thickness of the temporal cortex in aMCI, and with volume of amygdala in HO and aMCI, separately. Volume of the medial septum/diagonal band of Broca (Ch1-Ch3) was also positively correlated with volume of the hippocampus within the 2 groups. Only correlations between the NBM and their innervated regions showed diagnostic value. Unlike men, aMCI women showed a stronger association between volume of the NBM and thickness of the temporal lobe when compared with HO women. Altogether, these results reveal, for the first time in humans, that atrophy of NBM is associated with structural changes of their innervated regions in prodromal AD, being this relationship more evident in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose L. Cantero
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, CIBERNED (Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases), Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
| | - Laszlo Zaborszky
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Mercedes Atienza
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, CIBERNED (Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases), Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
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Töger J, Sorensen T, Somandepalli K, Toutios A, Lingala SG, Narayanan S, Nayak K. Test-retest repeatability of human speech biomarkers from static and real-time dynamic magnetic resonance imaging. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2017; 141:3323. [PMID: 28599561 PMCID: PMC5436977 DOI: 10.1121/1.4983081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Static anatomical and real-time dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (RT-MRI) of the upper airway is a valuable method for studying speech production in research and clinical settings. The test-retest repeatability of quantitative imaging biomarkers is an important parameter, since it limits the effect sizes and intragroup differences that can be studied. Therefore, this study aims to present a framework for determining the test-retest repeatability of quantitative speech biomarkers from static MRI and RT-MRI, and apply the framework to healthy volunteers. Subjects (n = 8, 4 females, 4 males) are imaged in two scans on the same day, including static images and dynamic RT-MRI of speech tasks. The inter-study agreement is quantified using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and mean within-subject standard deviation (σe). Inter-study agreement is strong to very strong for static measures (ICC: min/median/max 0.71/0.89/0.98, σe: 0.90/2.20/6.72 mm), poor to strong for dynamic RT-MRI measures of articulator motion range (ICC: 0.26/0.75/0.90, σe: 1.6/2.5/3.6 mm), and poor to very strong for velocities (ICC: 0.21/0.56/0.93, σe: 2.2/4.4/16.7 cm/s). In conclusion, this study characterizes repeatability of static and dynamic MRI-derived speech biomarkers using state-of-the-art imaging. The introduced framework can be used to guide future development of speech biomarkers. Test-retest MRI data are provided free for research use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Töger
- Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, 3740 McClintock Avenue, EEB 400, Los Angeles, California 90089-2560, USA
| | - Tanner Sorensen
- Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, 3740 McClintock Avenue, EEB 400, Los Angeles, California 90089-2560, USA
| | - Krishna Somandepalli
- Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, 3740 McClintock Avenue, EEB 400, Los Angeles, California 90089-2560, USA
| | - Asterios Toutios
- Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, 3740 McClintock Avenue, EEB 400, Los Angeles, California 90089-2560, USA
| | - Sajan Goud Lingala
- Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, 3740 McClintock Avenue, EEB 400, Los Angeles, California 90089-2560, USA
| | - Shrikanth Narayanan
- Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, 3740 McClintock Avenue, EEB 400, Los Angeles, California 90089-2560, USA
| | - Krishna Nayak
- Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, 3740 McClintock Avenue, EEB 400, Los Angeles, California 90089-2560, USA
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Strappini F, Gilboa E, Pitzalis S, Kay K, McAvoy M, Nehorai A, Snyder AZ. Adaptive smoothing based on Gaussian processes regression increases the sensitivity and specificity of fMRI data. Hum Brain Mapp 2016; 38:1438-1459. [PMID: 27943516 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Temporal and spatial filtering of fMRI data is often used to improve statistical power. However, conventional methods, such as smoothing with fixed-width Gaussian filters, remove fine-scale structure in the data, necessitating a tradeoff between sensitivity and specificity. Specifically, smoothing may increase sensitivity (reduce noise and increase statistical power) but at the cost loss of specificity in that fine-scale structure in neural activity patterns is lost. Here, we propose an alternative smoothing method based on Gaussian processes (GP) regression for single subjects fMRI experiments. This method adapts the level of smoothing on a voxel by voxel basis according to the characteristics of the local neural activity patterns. GP-based fMRI analysis has been heretofore impractical owing to computational demands. Here, we demonstrate a new implementation of GP that makes it possible to handle the massive data dimensionality of the typical fMRI experiment. We demonstrate how GP can be used as a drop-in replacement to conventional preprocessing steps for temporal and spatial smoothing in a standard fMRI pipeline. We present simulated and experimental results that show the increased sensitivity and specificity compared to conventional smoothing strategies. Hum Brain Mapp 38:1438-1459, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Strappini
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in Saint Louis, School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri.,Neurobiology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Elad Gilboa
- Preston M. Green Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, Washington University in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri.,Department of Electrical Engineering, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Sabrina Pitzalis
- Cognitive and Motor Rehabilitation Unit, Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, 00179, Italy.,Department of Motor, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico,", Rome, 00194, Italy
| | - Kendrick Kay
- Department of Psychology, Washington University in Saint Louis, School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri.,Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Mark McAvoy
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in Saint Louis, School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Arye Nehorai
- Preston M. Green Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, Washington University in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Abraham Z Snyder
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in Saint Louis, School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri.,Department of Radiology, Washington University in Saint Louis, School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
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Moura LM, Crossley NA, Zugman A, Pan PM, Gadelha A, Del Aquilla MAG, Picon FA, Anés M, Amaro E, de Jesus Mari J, Miguel EC, Rohde LA, Bressan RA, McGuire P, Sato JR, Jackowski AP. Coordinated brain development: exploring the synchrony between changes in grey and white matter during childhood maturation. Brain Imaging Behav 2016; 11:808-817. [DOI: 10.1007/s11682-016-9555-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Individual differences in verbal creative thinking are reflected in the precuneus. Neuropsychologia 2015; 75:441-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Llado-Saz S, Atienza M, Cantero JL. Increased levels of plasma amyloid-beta are related to cortical thinning and cognitive decline in cognitively normal elderly subjects. Neurobiol Aging 2015; 36:2791-7. [PMID: 26182906 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2015.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Revised: 06/14/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Plasma levels of circulating amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides are of particular interest in Alzheimer' disease, but little is known about cognitive and cortical correlates of peripheral Aβ levels in normal aging. Here, we compared cognitive functioning, vascular risk factors, and patterns of cortical thickness between cognitively intact elderly subjects with low (N = 60) and high (N = 60) plasma Aβ levels (cutoffs: 225 pg/mL and 23 pg/mL for Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42, respectively). Overall, subjects with high Aβ levels showed lower cognitive performance and thinner cortex than those with low Aβ levels. More specifically, subjects with high Aβ1-40 showed bilateral thinning of the prefrontal cortex, poorer objective memory, slower processing speed, and lower nonverbal reasoning skills, whereas subjects with high Aβ1-42 had thinner temporal lobe, poorer everyday memory, and increased levels of homocysteine. Overall, these results suggest that high plasma Aβ levels in normal elderly subjects are associated with subclinical markers of vulnerable aging, which may be helpful at predicting different trajectories of aging in cognitively intact older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Llado-Saz
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Spanish Network of Excellence for Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
| | - Mercedes Atienza
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Spanish Network of Excellence for Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
| | - Jose L Cantero
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Spanish Network of Excellence for Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain.
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35
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Veit R, Kullmann S, Heni M, Machann J, Häring HU, Fritsche A, Preissl H. Reduced cortical thickness associated with visceral fat and BMI. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2014; 6:307-11. [PMID: 25379443 PMCID: PMC4215386 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2014.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Structural brain imaging studies have shown that obesity is associated with widespread reductions in gray matter (GM) volume. Although the body mass index (BMI) is an easily accessible anthropometric measure, substantial health problems are more related to specific body fat compartments, like visceral adipose tissue (VAT). We investigated cortical thickness measures in a group of 72 healthy subjects (BMI range 20–35 kg/m2, age range 19–50 years). Multiple regression analyses were performed using VAT and BMI as predictors and age, gender, total surface area and education as confounds. BMI and VAT were independently associated with reductions in cortical thickness in clusters comprising the left lateral occipital area, the left inferior temporal cortex, and the left precentral and inferior parietal area, while the right insula, the left fusiform gyrus and the right inferior temporal area showed a negative correlation with VAT only. In addition, we could show significant reductions in cortical thickness with increasing VAT adjusted for BMI in the left temporal cortex. We were able to detect widespread cortical thinning in a young to middle-aged population related to BMI and VAT; these findings show close resemblance to studies focusing on GM volume differences in diabetic patients. This may point to the influence of VAT related adverse effects, like low-grade inflammation, as a potentially harmful factor on brain integrity already in individuals at risk of developing diabetes, metabolic syndromes and arteriosclerosis. We investigated cortical thickness in healthy adults. Body mass index (BMI) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) were used as predictors. BMI and VAT were independently associated with cortical thickness. Cortical thinning was observed in the temporal cortex with increasing VAT. Our findings show close resemblance to GM volume differences in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Veit
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, fMEG Center, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stephanie Kullmann
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, fMEG Center, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany ; Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany ; German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martin Heni
- Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany ; German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany ; Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Machann
- Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany ; German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany ; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Section on Experimental Radiology, University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Häring
- Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany ; German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany ; Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Fritsche
- Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany ; German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany ; Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hubert Preissl
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, fMEG Center, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany ; Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany ; German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany
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Sanchez-Espinosa MP, Atienza M, Cantero JL. Sleep deficits in mild cognitive impairment are related to increased levels of plasma amyloid-β and cortical thinning. Neuroimage 2014; 98:395-404. [PMID: 24845621 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2014] [Revised: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests that amyloid-beta (Aβ) depositions parallel sleep deficits in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, it remains unknown whether impaired sleep and changes in plasma Aβ levels are related in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) subjects, and whether both markers are further associated with cortical thinning in canonical AD regions. To jointly address this issue, we investigated relationships between changes in physiological sleep and plasma Aβ concentrations in 21 healthy old (HO) adults and 21 aMCI subjects, and further assessed whether these two factors were associated with cortical loss in each group. aMCI, but not HO subjects, showed significant relationships between disrupted slow-wave sleep (SWS) and increased plasma levels of Aβ42. We also found that shortened rapid-eye movement (REM) sleep in aMCI correlated with thinning of the posterior cingulate, precuneus, and postcentral gyrus; whereas higher levels of Aβ40 and Aβ42 accounted for grey matter (GM) loss of posterior cingulate and entorhinal cortex, respectively. These results support preliminary relationships between Aβ burden and altered sleep physiology observed in animal models of AD amyloidosis, and provide precise cortical correlates of these changes in older adults with aMCI. Taken together, these findings open new research avenues on the combined role of sleep, peripheral Aβ levels and cortical integrity in tracking the progression from normal aging to early neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayely P Sanchez-Espinosa
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Spanish Network of Excellence for Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
| | - Mercedes Atienza
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Spanish Network of Excellence for Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
| | - Jose L Cantero
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Spanish Network of Excellence for Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain.
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37
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Bogorodzki P, Piątkowska-Janko E, Szaflik J, Szaflik JP, Gacek M, Grieb P. Mapping cortical thickness of the patients with unilateral end-stage open angle glaucoma on planar cerebral cortex maps. PLoS One 2014; 9:e93682. [PMID: 24709970 PMCID: PMC3977872 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To estimate and compare cerebral cortex thickness in patients with unilateral end-stage glaucoma with that of age-matched individuals with unaffected vision. Methods 14 patients with unilateral end-stage primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and 12 age-matched control individuals with no problems with vision were selected for the study based on detailed ophthalmic examination. For each participant 3D high-resolution structural brain T1-weighted magnetization prepared MR images were acquired on a 3.0 T scanner. Brain cortex thickness was estimated using the FreeSurfer image analysis environment. After warping of subjects' cortical surfaces to FreeSurfer common space, differences between POAG and control groups were inferred at the group analysis level with the General Linear Model. Results The analysis performed revealed local thinning in the visual cortex areas in the POAG group. Statistically significant differences form 600 mm2 clusters located in the Brodmann area BA19 in the left and right hemisphere. Conclusion Unilateral vision loss due to end-stage neuropathy from POAG is associated with significant thinning of cortical areas employed in vision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Bogorodzki
- Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Jerzy Szaflik
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Warsaw, SPKSO Ophthalmic University Hospital, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jacek Paweł Szaflik
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Warsaw, SPKSO Ophthalmic University Hospital, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mira Gacek
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Warsaw, SPKSO Ophthalmic University Hospital, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Grieb
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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38
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Surface-based regional homogeneity in first-episode, drug-naïve major depression: a resting-state FMRI study. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:374828. [PMID: 24719857 PMCID: PMC3955658 DOI: 10.1155/2014/374828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Revised: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous volume-based regional homogeneity (ReHo) studies neglected the intersubject variability in cortical folding patterns. Recently, surface-based ReHo was developed to reduce the intersubject variability and to increase statistical power. The present study used this novel surface-based ReHo approach to explore the brain functional activity differences between first-episode, drug-naïve MDD patients and healthy controls. METHODS Thirty-three first-episode, drug-naïve MDD patients and 32 healthy controls participated in structural and resting-state fMRI scans. MDD patients were rated with a 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression prior to the scan. RESULTS In comparison with the healthy controls, MDD patients showed reduced surface-based ReHo in the left insula. There was no increase in surface-based ReHo in MDD patients. The surface-based ReHo value in the left insula was not significantly correlated with the clinical information or the depressive scores in the MDD group. CONCLUSIONS The decreased surface-based ReHo in the left insula in MDD may lead to the abnormal top-down cortical-limbic regulation of emotional and cognitive information. The surface-based ReHo may be a useful index to explore the pathophysiological mechanism of MDD.
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Bernal-Rusiel JL, Reuter M, Greve DN, Fischl B, Sabuncu MR. Spatiotemporal linear mixed effects modeling for the mass-univariate analysis of longitudinal neuroimage data. Neuroimage 2013; 81:358-370. [PMID: 23702413 PMCID: PMC3816382 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.05.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Revised: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 05/11/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
We present an extension of the Linear Mixed Effects (LME) modeling approach to be applied to the mass-univariate analysis of longitudinal neuroimaging (LNI) data. The proposed method, called spatiotemporal LME or ST-LME, builds on the flexible LME framework and exploits the spatial structure in image data. We instantiated ST-LME for the analysis of cortical surface measurements (e.g. thickness) computed by FreeSurfer, a widely-used brain Magnetic Resonance Image (MRI) analysis software package. We validate the proposed ST-LME method and provide a quantitative and objective empirical comparison with two popular alternative methods, using two brain MRI datasets obtained from the Alzheimer's disease neuroimaging initiative (ADNI) and Open Access Series of Imaging Studies (OASIS). Our experiments revealed that ST-LME offers a dramatic gain in statistical power and repeatability of findings, while providing good control of the false positive rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge L Bernal-Rusiel
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Harvard Medical School/Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Martin Reuter
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Harvard Medical School/Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Douglas N Greve
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Harvard Medical School/Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Bruce Fischl
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Harvard Medical School/Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA; Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mert R Sabuncu
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Harvard Medical School/Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA; Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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40
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Wei GX, Xu T, Fan FM, Dong HM, Jiang LL, Li HJ, Yang Z, Luo J, Zuo XN. Can Taichi reshape the brain? A brain morphometry study. PLoS One 2013; 8:e61038. [PMID: 23585869 PMCID: PMC3621760 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Although research has provided abundant evidence for Taichi-induced improvements in psychological and physiological well-being, little is known about possible links to brain structure of Taichi practice. Using high-resolution MRI of 22 Tai Chi Chuan (TCC) practitioners and 18 controls matched for age, sex and education, we set out to examine the underlying anatomical correlates of long-term Taichi practice at two different levels of regional specificity. For this purpose, parcel-wise and vertex-wise analyses were employed to quantify the difference between TCC practitioners and the controls based on cortical surface reconstruction. We also adopted the Attention Network Test (ANT) to explore the effect of TCC on executive control. TCC practitioners, compared with controls, showed significantly thicker cortex in precentral gyrus, insula sulcus and middle frontal sulcus in the right hemisphere and superior temporal gyrus and medial occipito-temporal sulcus and lingual sulcus in the left hemisphere. Moreover, we found that thicker cortex in left medial occipito-temporal sulcus and lingual sulcus was associated with greater intensity of TCC practice. These findings indicate that long-term TCC practice could induce regional structural change and also suggest TCC might share similar patterns of neural correlates with meditation and aerobic exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao-Xia Wei
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Laboratory for Functional Connectome and Development, Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research Center, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Xu
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Laboratory for Functional Connectome and Development, Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research Center, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Feng-Mei Fan
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Laboratory for Functional Connectome and Development, Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research Center, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Psychiatry Research Center, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hao-Ming Dong
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Laboratory for Functional Connectome and Development, Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research Center, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Li Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Laboratory for Functional Connectome and Development, Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research Center, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hui-Jie Li
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Laboratory for Functional Connectome and Development, Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research Center, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Laboratory for Functional Connectome and Development, Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research Center, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition, Department of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (XNZ); (JL)
| | - Xi-Nian Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Laboratory for Functional Connectome and Development, Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research Center, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (XNZ); (JL)
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Boos HBM, Cahn W, van Haren NEM, Derks EM, Brouwer RM, Schnack HG, Hulshoff Pol HE, Kahn RS. Focal and global brain measurements in siblings of patients with schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 2012; 38:814-25. [PMID: 21242319 PMCID: PMC3406520 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbq147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/04/2010] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It remains unclear whether structural brain abnormalities in schizophrenia are caused by genetic and/or disease-related factors. Structural brain abnormalities have been found in nonpsychotic first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia, but results are inconclusive. This large magnetic resonance imaging study examined brain structures in patients with schizophrenia, their nonpsychotic siblings, and healthy control subjects using global and focal brain measurements. METHODS From 155 patients with schizophrenia, their 186 nonpsychotic siblings, and 122 healthy controls (including 25 sibling pairs), whole-brain scans were obtained. Segmentations of total brain, gray matter (GM), and white matter of the cerebrum, lateral and third ventricle, and cerebellum volumes were obtained. For each subject, measures of cortical thickness and GM density maps were estimated. Group differences in volumes, cortical thickness, and GM density were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling, hence controlling for familial dependency of the data. RESULTS Patients with schizophrenia, but not their nonpsychotic siblings, showed volumetric differences, cortical thinning, and reduced GM density as compared with control subjects. CONCLUSIONS This study did not reveal structural brain abnormalities in nonpsychotic siblings of patients with schizophrenia compared with healthy control subjects using multiple imaging methods. Therefore, the structural brain abnormalities observed in patients with schizophrenia are for the largest part explained by disease-related factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heleen B M Boos
- Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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Montoliu C, Gonzalez-Escamilla G, Atienza M, Urios A, Gonzalez O, Wassel A, Aliaga R, Giner-Duran R, Serra MA, Rodrigo JM, Belloch V, Felipo V, Cantero JL. Focal cortical damage parallels cognitive impairment in minimal hepatic encephalopathy. Neuroimage 2012; 61:1165-75. [PMID: 22465844 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2011] [Revised: 03/11/2012] [Accepted: 03/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Little attention has been paid to cortical integrity in patients with minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE), although cognitive functions affected in early stages of liver disease are mainly allocated in different neocortical structures. Here we used cortical surface-based analysis techniques to investigate if patterns of cortical thinning accompany the mildest form of HE. To aim this goal, cortical thickness obtained from high-resolution 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was measured in patients with no MHE (NMHE), MHE, and healthy controls. Further correlation analyses were performed to examine whether scores in the critical flicker frequency (CFF) test, and blood ammonia levels accounted for the loss of cortical integrity in different stages of liver disease. Finally, we assessed group differences in volume of different subcortical regions and their potential relationships with CFF scores/blood ammonia levels. Results showed a focal thinning of the superior temporal cortex and precuneus in MHE patients when compared with NMHE and controls. Relationships between blood ammonia levels and cortical thickness of the calcarine sulcus accounted for impaired visual judgment in patients with MHE when compared to NMHE. Regression analyses between cortical thickness and CFF predicted differences between controls and the two groups of HE patients, but failed to discriminate between patients with NMHE and MHE. Taking together, these findings provide the first report of cortical thinning in MHE patients, and they yield novel insights into the neurobiological basis of cognitive impairment associated with early stages of liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmina Montoliu
- Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia-INCLIVA, Spain
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Zhao L, Boucher M, Rosa-Neto P, Evans AC. Impact of scale space search on age- and gender-related changes in MRI-based cortical morphometry. Hum Brain Mapp 2012; 34:2113-28. [PMID: 22422546 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.22050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2011] [Revised: 11/10/2011] [Accepted: 01/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In magnetic resonance imaging based brain morphometry, Gaussian smoothing is often applied to increase the signal-to-noise ratio and to increase the detection power of statistical parametric maps. However, most existing studies used a single smoothing filter without adequately justifying their choices. In this article, we want to determine the extent for which performing a morphometry analysis using multiple smoothing filters, namely conducting a scale space search, improves or decreases the detection power. We first compared scale space search with single-filter analysis through a simulated population study. The multiple comparisons in our four-dimensional scale space searches were corrected for using a unified P-value approach. Our results illustrate that, compared with a single-filter analysis, a scale space search analysis can properly capture the variations in analysis results caused by variations in smoothing, and more importantly, it can obviously increase the sensitivity for detecting brain morphometric changes. We also show that the cost of an increased critical threshold for conducting a scale space search is very small. In the second experiment, we investigated age and gender effects on cortical volume, thickness, and surface area in 104 normal subjects using scale space search. The obtained results provide a perspective of scale space theory on the morphological changes with age and gender. These results suggest that, in exploratory studies of aging, gender, and disease, conducting a scale space search is essential, if we are to produce a complete description of the structural changes or abnormalities associated with these dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhao
- McConnell Brain Imaging Center, Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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