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Samsudin N, Bailey RP, Ries F, Hashim SNAB, Fernandez JA. Assessing the impact of physical activity on reducing depressive symptoms: a rapid review. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2024; 16:107. [PMID: 38720395 PMCID: PMC11077707 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-024-00895-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT The prevalence of depression among teenagers is a significant issue worldwide, which calls for a thorough investigation of non-drug treatments. This expedited evaluation examines 24 specifically chosen studies to clarify the correlation between physical activity depression symptoms in teenagers, undertaken following PRISMA principles. METHODS A wide range of research methods, including longitudinal studies, surveys, and cross-sectional analyses, were used in different nations to understand the intricate relationship between physical activity, sedentary behaviours, and depression symptoms. The data-gathering methods included standardised questionnaires, accelerometer measurements, and self-report instruments. FINDINGS The review highlights the crucial significance of engaging in physical activity to alleviate depression symptoms. Improved self-esteem consistently acts as a crucial intermediary between participation in physical activity and decreased rates of depression. Engaging in physical activity is a safeguard, particularly for individuals with restricted access to physical activity. In contrast, a sedentary lifestyle greatly increases the probability of developing moderate to severe symptoms of depression. Gender differences are apparent, with females being disproportionately impacted by depression. There are strong connections between engaging in physical activity and reducing symptoms of depression, which can be observed in various situations, such as participating in team sports or engaging in leisure activities. CONCLUSION This study provides insight into the potential of physical activity as a non-pharmacological approach to address adolescent depression. This highlights the significant impact of physical activity, which has important implications for public health programs aimed at improving the mental well-being of adolescents by promoting physical activity. It is crucial to do additional research that considers gender-specific variations and various physical activity circumstances to enhance our comprehension of this important matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Samsudin
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Liberal Arts, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Richard Peter Bailey
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Liberal Arts, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Francis Ries
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Liberal Arts, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Janet Ann Fernandez
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Liberal Arts, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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2
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Matuz A, Darnai G, Zsidó AN, Janszky J, Csathó Á. Structural neural correlates of mental fatigue and reward-induced improvement in performance. Biol Futur 2024; 75:93-104. [PMID: 37889452 DOI: 10.1007/s42977-023-00187-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Neuroimaging studies investigating the association between mental fatigue (henceforth fatigue) and brain physiology have identified many brain regions that may underly the cognitive changes induced by fatigue. These studies focused on the functional changes and functional connectivity of the brain relating to fatigue. The structural correlates of fatigue, however, have received little attention. To fill this gap, this study explored the associations of fatigue with cortical thickness of frontal and parietal regions. In addition, we aimed to explore the associations between reward-induced improvement in performance and neuroanatomical markers in fatigued individuals. Thirty-nine healthy volunteers performed the psychomotor vigilance task for 15 min (i.e., 3 time-on-task blocks of 5 min) out of scanner; followed by an additional rewarded block of the task lasting 5 min. Baseline high-resolution T1-weigthed MR images were obtained. Reaction time increased with time-on-task but got faster again in the rewarded block. Participants' subjective fatigue increased during task performance. In addition, we found that higher increase in subjective mental fatigue was associated with the cortical thickness of the following areas: bilateral precuneus, right precentral gyrus; right pars triangularis and left superior frontal gyrus. Our results suggest that individual differences in subjective mental fatigue may be explained by differences in the degree of cortical thickness of areas that are associated with motor processes, executive functions, intrinsic alertness and are parts of the default mode network.
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Affiliation(s)
- András Matuz
- Department of Behavioural Sciences, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
- Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
| | - Gergely Darnai
- Department of Behavioural Sciences, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti Str. 12, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
| | - András N Zsidó
- Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - József Janszky
- Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti Str. 12, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
- ELKH-PTE Clinical Neuroscience MR Research Group, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Árpád Csathó
- Department of Behavioural Sciences, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
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3
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van’t Westeinde A, Padilla N, Fletcher-Sandersjöö S, Kämpe O, Bensing S, Lajic S. Increased Resting-State Functional Connectivity in Patients With Autoimmune Addison Disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024; 109:701-710. [PMID: 37820745 PMCID: PMC10876407 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Individuals with autoimmune Addison disease (AAD) take replacement medication for the lack of adrenal-derived glucocorticoid (GC) and mineralocorticoid hormones from diagnosis. The brain is highly sensitive to these hormones, but the consequence of having AAD for brain health has not been widely addressed. OBJECTIVE The present study compared resting-state functional connectivity (rs-fc) of the brain between individuals with AAD and healthy controls. METHODS Fifty-seven patients with AAD (33 female) and 69 healthy controls (39 female), aged 19 to 43 years were scanned with 3-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). RESULTS Independent component and subsequent dual regression analyses revealed that individuals with AAD had stronger rs-fc compared to controls in 3 networks: the bilateral orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), the left medial visual and left posterior default mode network. A higher GC replacement dose was associated with stronger rs-fc in a small part of the left OFC in patients. We did not find any clear associations between rs-fc and executive functions or mental fatigue. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that having AAD affects the baseline functional organization of the brain and that current treatment strategies of AAD may be one risk factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annelies van’t Westeinde
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nelly Padilla
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Unit for Neonatology, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sara Fletcher-Sandersjöö
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet and Department of Endocrinology, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Olle Kämpe
- Department of Medicine (Solna), Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden and Department of Endocrinology, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sophie Bensing
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet and Department of Endocrinology, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Svetlana Lajic
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE-416 50 Gothenburg, Sweden
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4
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Scardua-Silva L, Amorim da Costa B, Karmann Aventurato Í, Batista Joao R, Machado de Campos B, Rabelo de Brito M, Bechelli JF, Santos Silva LC, Ferreira Dos Santos A, Koutsodontis Machado Alvim M, Vieira Nunes Ludwig G, Rocha C, Kaue Alves Silva Souza T, Mendes MJ, Waku T, de Oliveira Boldrini V, Silva Brunetti N, Nora Baptista S, da Silva Schmitt G, Duarte de Sousa JG, Marchiori de Oliveira Cardoso TA, Schwambach Vieira A, Barbosa Santos LM, Dos Santos Farias A, Nogueira MH, Cendes F, Lin Yasuda C. Microstructural brain abnormalities, fatigue, and cognitive dysfunction after mild COVID-19. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1758. [PMID: 38242927 PMCID: PMC10798999 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52005-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Although some studies have shown neuroimaging and neuropsychological alterations in post-COVID-19 patients, fewer combined neuroimaging and neuropsychology evaluations of individuals who presented a mild acute infection. Here we investigated cognitive dysfunction and brain changes in a group of mildly infected individuals. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 97 consecutive subjects (median age of 41 years) without current or history of psychiatric symptoms (including anxiety and depression) after a mild infection, with a median of 79 days (and mean of 97 days) after diagnosis of COVID-19. We performed semi-structured interviews, neurological examinations, 3T-MRI scans, and neuropsychological assessments. For MRI analyses, we included a group of non-infected 77 controls. The MRI study included white matter (WM) investigation with diffusion tensor images (DTI) and functional connectivity with resting-state functional MRI (RS-fMRI). The patients reported memory loss (36%), fatigue (31%) and headache (29%). The quantitative analyses confirmed symptoms of fatigue (83% of participants), excessive somnolence (35%), impaired phonemic verbal fluency (21%), impaired verbal categorical fluency (13%) and impaired logical memory immediate recall (16%). The WM analyses with DTI revealed higher axial diffusivity values in post-infected patients compared to controls. Compared to controls, there were no significant differences in the functional connectivity of the posterior cingulum cortex. There were no significant correlations between neuropsychological scores and neuroimaging features (including DTI and RS-fMRI). Our results suggest persistent cognitive impairment and subtle white matter abnormalities in individuals mildly infected without anxiety or depression symptoms. The longitudinal analyses will clarify whether these alterations are temporary or permanent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Scardua-Silva
- Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN), University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Department of Neurology, Clinics Hospital, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Amorim da Costa
- Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN), University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Department of Neurology, Clinics Hospital, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Ítalo Karmann Aventurato
- Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN), University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Department of Neurology, Clinics Hospital, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Rafael Batista Joao
- Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN), University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Department of Neurology, Clinics Hospital, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Brunno Machado de Campos
- Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN), University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Mariana Rabelo de Brito
- Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN), University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Department of Neurology, Clinics Hospital, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - José Flávio Bechelli
- Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN), University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Department of Neurology, Clinics Hospital, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Leila Camila Santos Silva
- Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN), University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Department of Neurology, Clinics Hospital, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Alan Ferreira Dos Santos
- Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN), University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Department of Neurology, Clinics Hospital, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Marina Koutsodontis Machado Alvim
- Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN), University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Department of Neurology, Clinics Hospital, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Vieira Nunes Ludwig
- Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN), University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Institute of Mathematics, Statistics and Scientific Computing, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Rocha
- Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN), University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Thierry Kaue Alves Silva Souza
- Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN), University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Department of Neurology, Clinics Hospital, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Maria Julia Mendes
- Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN), University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Department of Neurology, Clinics Hospital, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Takeshi Waku
- Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN), University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | | | - Sophia Nora Baptista
- Autoimmune Research Lab, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - André Schwambach Vieira
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Autoimmune Research Lab, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | | | - Mateus Henrique Nogueira
- Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN), University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
- Department of Neurology, Clinics Hospital, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
| | - Fernando Cendes
- Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN), University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
- Department of Neurology, Clinics Hospital, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
| | - Clarissa Lin Yasuda
- Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN), University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
- Department of Neurology, Clinics Hospital, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
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5
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Ioannucci S, Chirokoff V, Dilharreguy B, Ozenne V, Chanraud S, Zénon A. Neural fatigue by passive induction: repeated stimulus exposure results in cognitive fatigue and altered representations in task-relevant networks. Commun Biol 2023; 6:142. [PMID: 36737639 PMCID: PMC9898557 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04527-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive fatigue is defined by a reduced capacity to perform mental tasks. Despite its pervasiveness, the underlying neural mechanisms remain elusive. Specifically, it is unclear whether prolonged effort affects performance through alterations in over-worked task-relevant neuronal assemblies. Our paradigm based on repeated passive visual stimulation discerns fatigue effects from the influence of motivation, skill and boredom. We induced performance loss and observed parallel alterations in the neural blueprint of the task, by mirroring behavioral performance with multivariate neuroimaging techniques (MVPA) that afford a subject-specific approach. Crucially, functional areas that responded the most to repeated stimulation were also the most affected. Finally, univariate analysis revealed clusters displaying significant disruption within the extrastriate visual cortex. In sum, here we show that repeated stimulation impacts the implicated brain areas' activity and causes tangible behavioral repercussions, providing evidence that cognitive fatigue can result from local, functional, disruptions in the neural signal induced by protracted recruitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Ioannucci
- Institut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d'Aquitaine (INCIA)-UMR 5287, CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France. .,Visual and Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Valentine Chirokoff
- grid.412041.20000 0001 2106 639XInstitut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d’Aquitaine (INCIA)—UMR 5287, CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France ,grid.440907.e0000 0004 1784 3645École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Bixente Dilharreguy
- grid.412041.20000 0001 2106 639XInstitut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d’Aquitaine (INCIA)—UMR 5287, CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Valéry Ozenne
- grid.412041.20000 0001 2106 639XCentre de Résonance Magnétique des Systèmes Biologiques, UMR 5536, CNRS/Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sandra Chanraud
- grid.412041.20000 0001 2106 639XInstitut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d’Aquitaine (INCIA)—UMR 5287, CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France ,grid.440907.e0000 0004 1784 3645École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Zénon
- grid.412041.20000 0001 2106 639XInstitut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d’Aquitaine (INCIA)—UMR 5287, CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
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6
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Behrens M, Gube M, Chaabene H, Prieske O, Zenon A, Broscheid KC, Schega L, Husmann F, Weippert M. Fatigue and Human Performance: An Updated Framework. Sports Med 2023; 53:7-31. [PMID: 36258141 PMCID: PMC9807493 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-022-01748-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Fatigue has been defined differently in the literature depending on the field of research. The inconsistent use of the term fatigue complicated scientific communication, thereby limiting progress towards a more in-depth understanding of the phenomenon. Therefore, Enoka and Duchateau (Med Sci Sports Exerc 48:2228-38, 2016, [3]) proposed a fatigue framework that distinguishes between trait fatigue (i.e., fatigue experienced by an individual over a longer period of time) and motor or cognitive task-induced state fatigue (i.e., self-reported disabling symptom derived from the two interdependent attributes performance fatigability and perceived fatigability). Thereby, performance fatigability describes a decrease in an objective performance measure, while perceived fatigability refers to the sensations that regulate the integrity of the performer. Although this framework served as a good starting point to unravel the psychophysiology of fatigue, several important aspects were not included and the interdependence of the mechanisms driving performance fatigability and perceived fatigability were not comprehensively discussed. Therefore, the present narrative review aimed to (1) update the fatigue framework suggested by Enoka and Duchateau (Med Sci Sports Exerc 48:2228-38, 2016, [3]) pertaining the taxonomy (i.e., cognitive performance fatigue and perceived cognitive fatigue were added) and important determinants that were not considered previously (e.g., effort perception, affective valence, self-regulation), (2) discuss the mechanisms underlying performance fatigue and perceived fatigue in response to motor and cognitive tasks as well as their interdependence, and (3) provide recommendations for future research on these interactions. We propose to define motor or cognitive task-induced state fatigue as a psychophysiological condition characterized by a decrease in motor or cognitive performance (i.e., motor or cognitive performance fatigue, respectively) and/or an increased perception of fatigue (i.e., perceived motor or cognitive fatigue). These dimensions are interdependent, hinge on different determinants, and depend on body homeostasis (e.g., wakefulness, core temperature) as well as several modulating factors (e.g., age, sex, diseases, characteristics of the motor or cognitive task). Consequently, there is no single factor primarily determining performance fatigue and perceived fatigue in response to motor or cognitive tasks. Instead, the relative weight of each determinant and their interaction are modulated by several factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Behrens
- Department of Sport Science, Institute III, Otto-Von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Zschokkestraße 32, 39104, Magdeburg, Germany.
- Department of Orthopedics, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany.
| | - Martin Gube
- Department of Sport Science, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Helmi Chaabene
- Department of Sports and Health Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Olaf Prieske
- Division of Exercise and Movement, University of Applied Sciences for Sports and Management Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Alexandre Zenon
- Institut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d'Aquitaine (INCIA)-UMR 5287, CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Kim-Charline Broscheid
- Department of Sport Science, Institute III, Otto-Von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Zschokkestraße 32, 39104, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Lutz Schega
- Department of Sport Science, Institute III, Otto-Von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Zschokkestraße 32, 39104, Magdeburg, Germany
| | | | - Matthias Weippert
- Department of Sport Science, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
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7
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Darnai G, Matuz A, Alhour HA, Perlaki G, Orsi G, Arató Á, Szente A, Áfra E, Nagy SA, Janszky J, Csathó Á. The neural correlates of mental fatigue and reward processing: A task-based fMRI study. Neuroimage 2023; 265:119812. [PMID: 36526104 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing time spent on the task (i.e., the time-on-task (ToT) effect) often results in mental fatigue. Typical effects of ToT are decreasing levels of task-related motivation and the deterioration of cognitive performance. However, a massive body of research indicates that the detrimental effects can be reversed by extrinsic motivators, for example, providing rewards to fatigued participants. Although several attempts have been made to identify brain areas involved in mental fatigue and related reward processing, the neural correlates are still less understood. In this study, we used the psychomotor vigilance task to induce mental fatigue and blood oxygen-level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate the neural correlates of the ToT effect and the reward effect (i.e., providing extra monetary reward after fatigue induction) in a healthy young sample. Our results were interpreted in a recently proposed neurocognitive framework. The activation of the right middle frontal gyrus, right insula and right anterior cingulate gyrus decreased as fatigue emerged and the cognitive performance dropped. However, after providing an extra reward, the cognitive performance, as well as activation of these areas, increased. Moreover, the activation levels of all of the mentioned areas were negatively associated with reaction times. Our results confirm that the middle frontal gyrus, insula and anterior cingulate cortex play crucial roles in cost-benefit evaluations, a potential background mechanism underlying fatigue, as suggested by the neurocognitive framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gergely Darnai
- Department of Behavioural Sciences, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary; Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary; ELKH-PTE Clinical Neuroscience MR Research Group, Pécs, Hungary
| | - András Matuz
- Department of Behavioural Sciences, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | | | - Gábor Perlaki
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary; ELKH-PTE Clinical Neuroscience MR Research Group, Pécs, Hungary; Pécs Diagnostic Centre, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Gergely Orsi
- ELKH-PTE Clinical Neuroscience MR Research Group, Pécs, Hungary; Pécs Diagnostic Centre, Pécs, Hungary; Department of Neurosurgery, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Ákos Arató
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Anna Szente
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Eszter Áfra
- Department of Behavioural Sciences, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Anett Nagy
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary; ELKH-PTE Clinical Neuroscience MR Research Group, Pécs, Hungary; Pécs Diagnostic Centre, Pécs, Hungary; Structural Neurobiology Research Group, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - József Janszky
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary; ELKH-PTE Clinical Neuroscience MR Research Group, Pécs, Hungary.
| | - Árpád Csathó
- Department of Behavioural Sciences, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
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8
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Salihu AT, Hill KD, Jaberzadeh S. Neural mechanisms underlying state mental fatigue: a systematic review and activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis. Rev Neurosci 2022; 33:889-917. [PMID: 35700454 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2022-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Sustained performance of cognitive tasks could lead to the development of state mental fatigue characterized by subjective sensation of mental weariness and decrease in cognitive performance. In addition to the occupational hazards associated with mental fatigue, it can also affect physical performance reducing endurance, balance, and sport-specific technical skills. Similarly, mental fatigue is a common symptom in certain chronic health conditions such as multiple sclerosis affecting quality of life of the patients. Despite its widely acknowledged negative impact, the neural mechanisms underlining this phenomenon are still not fully understood. We conducted a systematic review and activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analysis of functional neuroimaging studies investigating the effect of mental fatigue due to time-on-task (TOT) on brain activity to elucidate the possible underlying mechanisms. Studies were included if they examined change in brain activity induced by experimental mental fatigue (TOT effect) or investigated the relationship between brain activity and subjective mental fatigue due to TOT. A total of 33 studies met the review's inclusion criteria, 13 of which were included in meta-analyses. Results of the meta-analyses revealed a decrease in activity with TOT in brain areas that constitute the cognitive control network. Additionally, an increased activity with TOT, as well as negative relationship with subjective mental fatigue was found in parts of the default mode network of the brain. The changes in cognitive control and the default mode networks of the brain due to state mental fatigue observed in this study were discussed in relation to the existing theories of mental fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abubakar Tijjani Salihu
- Monash Neuromodulation Research Unit, Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Science, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Keith D Hill
- Rehabilitation, Ageing and Independent Living (RAIL) Research Centre, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University, Frankston, Australia
| | - Shapour Jaberzadeh
- Monash Neuromodulation Research Unit, Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Science, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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9
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Mangin T, Audiffren M, Lorcery A, Mirabelli F, Benraiss A, André N. A plausible link between the time-on-task effect and the sequential task effect. Front Psychol 2022; 13:998393. [PMID: 36389536 PMCID: PMC9643466 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.998393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Mental fatigue can be studied by using either the time-on-task protocol or the sequential task protocol. In the time-on-task protocol, participants perform a long and effortful task and a decrease in performance in this task is generally observed over time. In the sequential task protocol, a first effortful or control task is followed by a second effortful task. The performance in the second task is generally worse after the effortful task than after the control task. The principal aim of the present experiment is to examine the relationship between these two decrements in performance while concomitantly using a sequential task protocol and assessing the performance of the first effortful task as a function of time-on-task. We expect a positive correlation between these two decrements in performance. A total of 83 participants performed a 30-min fatiguing mental task (i.e., a modified Stroop task) or a control task followed by a time-to-exhaustion handgrip task. As expected, this protocol combining the time-on-task and sequential task protocols allowed us to observe (1) a decrease in performance over time during the Stroop task, (2) a worst performance in the handgrip task after the Stroop task by comparison to the control task, (3) a positive correlation between these two effects. The decrease in performance during the Stroop task also correlated with the subjective measures of boredom and fatigue, whereas the detrimental effect observed in the handgrip task did not. Our findings suggest that the two fatigue-related phenomena share a common mechanism but are not completely equivalent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Mangin
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition et l’Apprentissage (CeRCA), UMR CNRS 7295, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
- Faculté de Médecine, École de Kinésiologie et des Sciences de l’Activité Physique (EKSAP), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Michel Audiffren
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition et l’Apprentissage (CeRCA), UMR CNRS 7295, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Alison Lorcery
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition et l’Apprentissage (CeRCA), UMR CNRS 7295, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Francesco Mirabelli
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition et l’Apprentissage (CeRCA), UMR CNRS 7295, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Abdelrhani Benraiss
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition et l’Apprentissage (CeRCA), UMR CNRS 7295, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Nathalie André
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition et l’Apprentissage (CeRCA), UMR CNRS 7295, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
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Physical Activity and Depression in Adolescents: Evidence from China Family Panel Studies. Behav Sci (Basel) 2022; 12:bs12030071. [PMID: 35323390 PMCID: PMC8945286 DOI: 10.3390/bs12030071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression in adolescents is a major public health disorder. The relationship between physical activity and risk of depression in adolescents was examined using three waves of data from the China Family Panel Studies in 2020. The risk of depression was significantly higher among adolescents who reported lower frequency and shorter duration of physical exercise than those who reported physical exercise more frequently and for a longer duration. The risk of depression was significantly higher among adolescents who reported intense physical exercise than those who reported little or no intense physical exercise. The amount of time spent on housework by adolescents is inversely associated with depression. These results provide somewhat stronger evidence for an activity−depression link than previous studies and suggest a differential role for different types of physical activity, such as exercise and housework. The overall model predicting depression in adolescents (LR chi-squared = 95.974, p < 0.001, Nagelkerke R-square = 0.183) was statistically significant. To effectively control depression in adolescents, the government, schools and parents need to act together to guide adolescents towards participation in appropriate physical activities. The appropriate level of physical activity is for adolescents to experience breathing, rapid heartbeat, and slight perspiration.
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11
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Mental Fatigue-Associated Decrease in Table Tennis Performance: Is There an Electrophysiological Signature? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182412906. [PMID: 34948514 PMCID: PMC8700914 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182412906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Mental fatigue (MF) is a psychobiological state negatively impacting both cognitive and physical performance. Although recent research implies that some table tennis (TT) performance outcomes are impaired by MF, open skill sports such as TT require a more detailed overview of MF-related performance decrements. Moreover, research into MF and sport-specific psychomotor performance lacks the inclusion of brain-related measurements to identify MF mechanisms. Eleven experienced TT players participated in this randomized counterbalanced crossover trial. Participants were either required to perform an individualized Stroop task (MF condition) or watch a documentary (control condition). The primary outcomes were reaction time on a sport-specific visuomotor task and EEG activity throughout the trial. The subjective feeling of MF was significantly different between both conditions and confirmed that the MF condition induced the mentally fatigue state of participants (p < 0.001), though no behavioral indicators (i.e., decrease in performance on Stroop and flanker task) of MF. MF worsened reaction time on the visuomotor task, while other secondary measurements remained largely ambiguous. Spectral power (i.e., decreases in upper α band and θ band) was influenced by MF, while ERPs measured during the visuomotor task remained unaltered. The present study confirms that MF negatively impacts table tennis performance, specifically inhibitory stimuli during the visuomotor task. These findings also further augment our understanding of the effects of MF on human performance.
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12
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Fasting Interventions for Stress, Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113947. [PMID: 34836202 PMCID: PMC8624477 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Fasting interventions have shown effectiveness in alleviating stress, anxiety and depressive symptoms. However, no quantitative analysis has been carried out thus far. The objective was to determine the effectiveness of fasting interventions on stress, anxiety and depression and if these interventions were associated with increased or decreased fatigue/energy. Methods. Overall, 11 studies and 1436 participants were included in the quantitative analyses. Results. After limiting analyses to randomized controlled trials with low risk of bias, we found that fasting groups had lower anxiety (b = −0.508, p = 0.038), depression levels (b= −0.281, p = 0.012) and body mass index compared to controls without increased fatigue. There was no publication bias and no heterogeneity for these results. These interventions were safe, even in patients with type 2 diabetes. Conclusions. These results should be taken with a caveat. These results are preliminary and encouraging and fasting appears to be a safe intervention. Data are not sufficient to recommend one fasting intervention more than the others. No study was carried out in psychiatric populations and further trials should be carried out in these populations that may be good candidates for fasting interventions.
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