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Tork YJ, Naseri E, Basir HS, Komaki A. Protective effects of L-carnitine against beta-amyloid-induced memory impairment and anxiety-like behavior in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 982:176879. [PMID: 39128806 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia, leads to neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. We investigated the therapeutic effects of L-carnitine on cognitive performance and anxiety-like behavior in a rat model of AD induced by unilateral intracerebroventricular injection of β-amyloid1-42 (Aβ1-42). L-carnitine (100 mg/kg/day) was administered intraperitoneally for 28 consecutive days. Following this, the open-field test, novel object recognition test, elevated plus-maze test, Barnes maze test, and passive avoidance learning test were used to assess locomotor activity, recognition memory, anxiety-like behavior, spatial memory, and passive avoidance memory, respectively. Plasma and hippocampal oxidative stress markers, including total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), were examined. In addition, histological investigations were performed in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus using Congo red staining and hematoxylin and eosin staining. The injection of Aβ1-42 resulted in cognitive deficits and increased anxiety-like behavior. These changes were associated with an imbalance of oxidants and antioxidants in plasma and the hippocampus. Also, neuronal death and Aβ plaque accumulation were increased in the hippocampal dentate gyrus region. However, injection of L-carnitine improved recognition memory, spatial memory, and passive avoidance memory in AD rats. These findings provide evidence that L-carnitine may alleviate anxiety-like behavior and cognitive deficits induced by Aβ1-42 through modulating oxidative-antioxidant status and preventing Aβ plaque accumulation and neuronal death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yekta Jahedi Tork
- Student Research Committee, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Erfan Naseri
- Student Research Committee, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Hamid Shokati Basir
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Science and Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Alireza Komaki
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Science and Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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2
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Ceyzériat K, Badina AM, Petrelli F, Montessuit S, Nicolaides A, Millet P, Savioz A, Martinou JC, Tournier BB. Inhibition of the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier in astrocytes reduces amyloid and tau accumulation in the 3xTgAD mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 200:106623. [PMID: 39103022 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is characterized by an accumulation of pathologic amyloid-beta (Aβ) and Tau proteins, neuroinflammation, metabolic changes and neuronal death. Reactive astrocytes participate in these pathophysiological processes by releasing pro-inflammatory molecules and recruiting the immune system, which further reinforces inflammation and contributes to neuronal death. Besides these neurotoxic effects, astrocytes can protect neurons by providing them with high amounts of lactate as energy fuel. Astrocytes rely on aerobic glycolysis to generate lactate by reducing pyruvate, the end product of glycolysis, through lactate dehydrogenase. Consequently, limited amounts of pyruvate enter astrocytic mitochondria through the Mitochondrial Pyruvate Carrier (MPC) to be oxidized. The MPC is a heterodimer composed of two subunits MPC1 and MPC2, the function of which in astrocytes has been poorly investigated. Here, we analyzed the role of the MPC in the pathogeny of AD, knowing that a reduction in overall glucose metabolism has been associated with a drop in cognitive performances and an accumulation of Aβ and Tau. We generated 3xTgAD mice in which MPC1 was knocked-out in astrocytes specifically and focused our study on the biochemical hallmarks of the disease, mainly Aβ and neurofibrillary tangle production. We show that inhibition of the MPC before the onset of the disease significantly reduces the quantity of Aβ and Tau aggregates in the brain of 3xTgAD mice, suggesting that acting on astrocytic glucose metabolism early on could hinder the progression of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Ceyzériat
- CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Geneva, Switzerland; Laboratory of Child Growth and Development, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Aurélien M Badina
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Petrelli
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sylvie Montessuit
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Alekos Nicolaides
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Millet
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Geneva and Geneva Neuroscience Center, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Armand Savioz
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Geneva and Geneva Neuroscience Center, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Claude Martinou
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin B Tournier
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Geneva and Geneva Neuroscience Center, Geneva, Switzerland.
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3
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Mackey-Alfonso SE, Butler MJ, Taylor AM, Williams-Medina AR, Muscat SM, Fu H, Barrientos RM. Short-term high fat diet impairs memory, exacerbates the neuroimmune response, and evokes synaptic degradation via a complement-dependent mechanism in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 121:56-69. [PMID: 39043341 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by profound memory impairments, synaptic loss, neuroinflammation, and hallmark pathological markers. High-fat diet (HFD) consumption increases the risk of developing AD even after controlling for metabolic syndrome, pointing to a role of the diet itself in increasing risk. In AD, the complement system, an arm of the immune system which normally tags redundant or damaged synapses for pruning, becomes pathologically overactivated leading to tagging of healthy synapses. While the unhealthy diet to AD link is strong, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood in part due to confounding variables associated with long-term HFD which can independently influence the brain. Therefore, we experimented with a short-term diet regimen to isolate the diet's impact on brain function without causing obesity. This project investigated the effect of short-term HFD on 1) memory, 2) neuroinflammation including complement, 3) AD pathology markers, 4) synaptic markers, and 5) in vitro microglial synaptic phagocytosis in the 3xTg-AD mouse model. Following the consumption of either standard chow or HFD, 3xTg-AD and non-Tg mice were tested for memory impairments. In a separate cohort of mice, levels of hippocampal inflammatory markers, complement proteins, AD pathology markers, and synaptic markers were measured. For the last set of experiments, BV2 microglial phagocytosis of synapses was evaluated. Synaptoneurosomes isolated from the hippocampus of 3xTg-AD mice fed chow or HFD were incubated with equal numbers of BV2 microglia. The number of BV2 microglia that phagocytosed synaptoneurosomes was tracked over time with a live-cell imaging assay. Finally, we incubated BV2 microglia with a complement receptor inhibitor (NIF) and repeated the assay. Behavioral analysis showed 3xTg-AD mice had significantly impaired long-term contextual and cued fear memory compared to non-Tg mice that was further impaired by HFD. HFD significantly increased inflammatory markers and complement expression while decreasing synaptic marker expression only in 3xTg-AD mice, without altering AD pathology markers. Synaptoneurosomes from HFD-fed 3xTg-AD mice were phagocytosed at a significantly higher rate than those from chow-fed mice, suggesting the synapses were altered by HFD. The complement receptor inhibitor blocked this effect in a dose-dependent manner, demonstrating the HFD-mediated increase in phagocytosis was complement dependent. This study indicates HFD consumption increases neuroinflammation and over-activates the complement cascade in 3xTg-AD mice, resulting in poorer memory. The in vitro data point to complement as a potential mechanistic culprit and therapeutic target underlying HFD's influence in increasing cognitive vulnerability to AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina E Mackey-Alfonso
- Medical Scientist Training Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Michael J Butler
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ashton M Taylor
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - Stephanie M Muscat
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Hongjun Fu
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Chronic Brain Injury Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ruth M Barrientos
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Chronic Brain Injury Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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4
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Anderton E, Chamoli M, Bhaumik D, King CD, Xie X, Foulger A, Andersen JK, Schilling B, Lithgow GJ. Amyloid β accelerates age-related proteome-wide protein insolubility. GeroScience 2024; 46:4585-4602. [PMID: 38753231 PMCID: PMC11335993 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01169-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Loss of proteostasis is a highly conserved feature of aging across model organisms and results in the accumulation of insoluble protein aggregates. Protein insolubility is also a unifying feature of major age-related neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's Disease (AD), in which hundreds of insoluble proteins associate with aggregated amyloid beta (Aβ) in senile plaques. Despite the connection between aging and AD risk, therapeutic approaches to date have overlooked aging-driven generalized protein insolubility as a contributing factor. However, proteins that become insoluble during aging in model organisms are capable of accelerating Aβ aggregation in vitro and lifespan in vivo. Here, using an unbiased proteomics approach, we questioned the relationship between Aβ and age-related protein insolubility. Specifically, we uncovered that Aβ expression drives proteome-wide protein insolubility in C. elegans, even in young animals, and this insoluble proteome is highly similar to the insoluble proteome driven by normal aging, this vulnerable sub-proteome we term the core insoluble proteome (CIP). We show that the CIP is enriched with proteins that modify Aβ toxicity in vivo, suggesting the possibility of a vicious feedforward cycle in the context of AD. Importantly, using human genome-wide association studies (GWAS), we show that the CIP is replete with biological processes implicated not only in neurodegenerative diseases but also across a broad array of chronic, age-related diseases (CARDs). This provides suggestive evidence that age-related loss of proteostasis could play a role in general CARD risk. Finally, we show that the geroprotective, gut-derived metabolite, Urolithin A, relieves Aβ toxicity, supporting its use in clinical trials for dementia and age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Anderton
- The Buck Institute for Research On Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA, 94945, USA.
- USC Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, 3715 McClintock Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90191, USA.
| | - Manish Chamoli
- The Buck Institute for Research On Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA, 94945, USA.
| | - Dipa Bhaumik
- The Buck Institute for Research On Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA, 94945, USA
| | - Christina D King
- The Buck Institute for Research On Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA, 94945, USA
| | - Xueshu Xie
- The Buck Institute for Research On Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA, 94945, USA
| | - Anna Foulger
- The Buck Institute for Research On Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA, 94945, USA
| | - Julie K Andersen
- The Buck Institute for Research On Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA, 94945, USA
| | - Birgit Schilling
- The Buck Institute for Research On Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA, 94945, USA.
| | - Gordon J Lithgow
- The Buck Institute for Research On Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA, 94945, USA.
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5
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Patel KD, Keskin-Erdogan Z, Sawadkar P, Nik Sharifulden NSA, Shannon MR, Patel M, Silva LB, Patel R, Chau DYS, Knowles JC, Perriman AW, Kim HW. Oxidative stress modulating nanomaterials and their biochemical roles in nanomedicine. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2024; 9:1630-1682. [PMID: 39018043 DOI: 10.1039/d4nh00171k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Many pathological conditions are predominantly associated with oxidative stress, arising from reactive oxygen species (ROS); therefore, the modulation of redox activities has been a key strategy to restore normal tissue functions. Current approaches involve establishing a favorable cellular redox environment through the administration of therapeutic drugs and redox-active nanomaterials (RANs). In particular, RANs not only provide a stable and reliable means of therapeutic delivery but also possess the capacity to finely tune various interconnected components, including radicals, enzymes, proteins, transcription factors, and metabolites. Here, we discuss the roles that engineered RANs play in a spectrum of pathological conditions, such as cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, infections, and inflammation. We visualize the dual functions of RANs as both generator and scavenger of ROS, emphasizing their profound impact on diverse cellular functions. The focus of this review is solely on inorganic redox-active nanomaterials (inorganic RANs). Additionally, we deliberate on the challenges associated with current RANs-based approaches and propose potential research directions for their future clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kapil D Patel
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Zalike Keskin-Erdogan
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, Rowland Hill Street, NW3 2PF, London, UK
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, Exhibition Rd, South Kensington, SW7 2BX, London, UK
| | - Prasad Sawadkar
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, UCL, London, UK
- The Griffin Institute, Northwick Park Institute for Medical Research, Northwick Park and St Mark's Hospitals, London, HA1 3UJ, UK
| | - Nik Syahirah Aliaa Nik Sharifulden
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, Rowland Hill Street, NW3 2PF, London, UK
| | - Mark Robert Shannon
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Madhumita Patel
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Women University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Lady Barrios Silva
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, Rowland Hill Street, NW3 2PF, London, UK
| | - Rajkumar Patel
- Energy & Environment Sciences and Engineering (EESE), Integrated Sciences and Engineering Division (ISED), Underwood International College, Yonsei University, 85 Songdongwahak-ro, Yeonsungu, Incheon 21938, Republic of Korea
| | - David Y S Chau
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, Rowland Hill Street, NW3 2PF, London, UK
| | - Jonathan C Knowles
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, Rowland Hill Street, NW3 2PF, London, UK
| | - Adam W Perriman
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Hae-Won Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomaterials Science, School of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Cell & Matter Institute, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
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6
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Sonsalla MM, Babygirija R, Johnson M, Cai S, Cole M, Yeh CY, Grunow I, Liu Y, Vertein D, Calubag MF, Trautman ME, Green CL, Rigby MJ, Puglielli L, Lamming DW. Acarbose ameliorates Western diet-induced metabolic and cognitive impairments in the 3xTg mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. GeroScience 2024:10.1007/s11357-024-01337-3. [PMID: 39271570 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01337-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Age is the greatest risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD) as well as for other disorders that increase the risk of AD such as diabetes and obesity. There is growing interest in determining if interventions that promote metabolic health can prevent or delay AD. Acarbose is an anti-diabetic drug that not only improves glucose homeostasis, but also extends the lifespan of wild-type mice. Here, we test the hypothesis that acarbose will not only preserve metabolic health, but also slow or prevent AD pathology and cognitive deficits in 3xTg mice, a model of AD, fed either a Control diet or a high-fat, high-sucrose Western diet (WD). We find that acarbose decreases the body weight and adiposity of WD-fed 3xTg mice, increasing energy expenditure while also stimulating food consumption, and improves glycemic control. Both male and female WD-fed 3xTg mice have worsened cognitive deficits than Control-fed mice, and these deficits are ameliorated by acarbose treatment. Molecular and histological analysis of tau and amyloid pathology identified sex-specific effects of acarbose which are uncoupled from the dramatic improvements in cognition in females, suggesting that the benefits of acarbose on AD may be largely driven by improved metabolic health. In conclusion, our results suggest that acarbose may be a promising intervention to prevent, delay, or even treat AD, especially in individuals consuming a WD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle M Sonsalla
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1685 Highland Ave, MFCB Rm 4147, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Reji Babygirija
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1685 Highland Ave, MFCB Rm 4147, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Madeline Johnson
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1685 Highland Ave, MFCB Rm 4147, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Samuel Cai
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1685 Highland Ave, MFCB Rm 4147, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Mari Cole
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1685 Highland Ave, MFCB Rm 4147, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Chung-Yang Yeh
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1685 Highland Ave, MFCB Rm 4147, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Isaac Grunow
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1685 Highland Ave, MFCB Rm 4147, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1685 Highland Ave, MFCB Rm 4147, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
- Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Diana Vertein
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1685 Highland Ave, MFCB Rm 4147, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Mariah F Calubag
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1685 Highland Ave, MFCB Rm 4147, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Michaela E Trautman
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1685 Highland Ave, MFCB Rm 4147, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
- Nutrition and Metabolism Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Cara L Green
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1685 Highland Ave, MFCB Rm 4147, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Michael J Rigby
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1685 Highland Ave, MFCB Rm 4147, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Luigi Puglielli
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1685 Highland Ave, MFCB Rm 4147, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Dudley W Lamming
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1685 Highland Ave, MFCB Rm 4147, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
- Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
- Nutrition and Metabolism Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
- University of Wisconsin-Madison Comprehensive Diabetes Center, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
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7
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Moawad MHED, Serag I, Alkhawaldeh IM, Abbas A, Sharaf A, Alsalah S, Sadeq MA, Shalaby MMM, Hefnawy MT, Abouzid M, Meshref M. Exploring the Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Alzheimer's Disease: An Educational Literature Review. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04468-y. [PMID: 39254911 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04468-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) presents a significant challenge to global health. It is characterized by progressive cognitive deterioration and increased rates of morbidity and mortality among older adults. Among the various pathophysiologies of AD, mitochondrial dysfunction, encompassing conditions such as increased reactive oxygen production, dysregulated calcium homeostasis, and impaired mitochondrial dynamics, plays a pivotal role. This review comprehensively investigates the mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction in AD, focusing on aspects such as glucose metabolism impairment, mitochondrial bioenergetics, calcium signaling, protein tau and amyloid-beta-associated synapse dysfunction, mitophagy, aging, inflammation, mitochondrial DNA, mitochondria-localized microRNAs, genetics, hormones, and the electron transport chain and Krebs cycle. While lecanemab is the only FDA-approved medication to treat AD, we explore various therapeutic modalities for mitigating mitochondrial dysfunction in AD, including antioxidant drugs, antidiabetic agents, acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (FDA-approved to manage symptoms), nutritional supplements, natural products, phenylpropanoids, vaccines, exercise, and other potential treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Hossam El Din Moawad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Clinical Department, Alexandria Main University Hospital, Alexandria, Egypt
- Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim Serag
- Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | | | - Abdallah Abbas
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Abdulrahman Sharaf
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Government Hospital, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Sumaya Alsalah
- Ministry of Health, Primary Care, Governmental Health Centers, Manama, Bahrain
| | | | | | | | - Mohamed Abouzid
- Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3 St., 60-806, Poznan, Poland.
- Doctoral School, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Mostafa Meshref
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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8
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Olejar T, Jankovska N, Matej R. Alzheimer's Disease as a Membrane Dysfunction Tauopathy? New Insights into the Amyloid Cascade Hypothesis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9689. [PMID: 39273636 PMCID: PMC11396199 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25179689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2024] [Revised: 08/31/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The amyloid cascade hypothesis postulates that extracellular deposits of amyloid β (Aβ) are the primary and initial cause leading to the full development of Alzheimer's disease (AD) with intracellular neurofibrillary tangles; however, the details of this mechanism have not been fully described until now. Our preliminary data, coming from our day-to-day neuropathology practice, show that the primary location of the hyperphosphorylated tau protein is in the vicinity of the cell membrane of dystrophic neurites. This observation inspired us to formulate a hypothesis that presumes an interaction between low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) and fibrillar aggregates of, particularly, Aβ42 anchored at the periphery of neuritic plaques, making internalization of the LRP1-Aβ42 complex infeasible and, thus, causing membrane dysfunction, leading to the tauopathy characterized by intracellular accumulation and hyperphosphorylation of the tau protein. Understanding AD as a membrane dysfunction tauopathy may draw attention to new treatment approaches not only targeting Aβ42 production but also, perhaps paradoxically, preventing the formation of LRP1-Aβ42.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Olejar
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Faculty Hospital, 140 59 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Pathology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, 100 34 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Nikol Jankovska
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Faculty Hospital, 140 59 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Pathology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, 100 34 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radoslav Matej
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Faculty Hospital, 140 59 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Pathology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, 100 34 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Pathology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
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9
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Chen YY, Chang CJ, Liang YW, Tseng HY, Li SJ, Chang CW, Wu YT, Shao HH, Chen PC, Lai ML, Deng WC, Hsu R, Lo YC. Utilizing diffusion tensor imaging as an image biomarker in exploring the therapeutic efficacy of forniceal deep brain stimulation in a mice model of Alzheimer's disease. J Neural Eng 2024; 21:056003. [PMID: 39230033 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ad7322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Objective.With prolonged life expectancy, the incidence of memory deficits, especially in Alzheimer's disease (AD), has increased. Although multiple treatments have been evaluated, no promising treatment has been found to date. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the fornix area was explored as a possible treatment because the fornix is intimately connected to memory-related areas that are vulnerable in AD; however, a proper imaging biomarker for assessing the therapeutic efficiency of forniceal DBS in AD has not been established.Approach.This study assessed the efficacy and safety of DBS by estimating the optimal intersection volume between the volume of tissue activated and the fornix. Utilizing a gold-electroplating process, the microelectrode's surface area on the neural probe was increased, enhancing charge transfer performance within potential water window limits. Bilateral fornix implantation was conducted in triple-transgenic AD mice (3 × Tg-AD) and wild-type mice (strain: B6129SF1/J), with forniceal DBS administered exclusively to 3 × Tg-AD mice in the DBS-on group. Behavioral tasks, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were performed in all mice to assess the therapeutic efficacy of forniceal DBS.Main results.The results illustrated that memory deficits and increased anxiety-like behavior in 3 × Tg-AD mice were rescued by forniceal DBS. Furthermore, forniceal DBS positively altered DTI indices, such as increasing fractional anisotropy (FA) and decreasing mean diffusivity (MD), together with reducing microglial cell and astrocyte counts, suggesting a potential causal relationship between revised FA/MD and reduced cell counts in the anterior cingulate cortex, hippocampus, fornix, amygdala, and entorhinal cortex of 3 × Tg-AD mice following forniceal DBS.Significance.The efficacy of forniceal DBS in AD can be indicated by alterations in DTI-based biomarkers reflecting the decreased activation of glial cells, suggesting reduced neural inflammation as evidenced by improvements in memory and anxiety-like behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Yin Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No.155, Sec.2, Linong St., Taipei 11221, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Neuroscience, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, 12F., Education & Research Building, Shuang-Ho Campus, No. 301, Yuantong Rd., New Taipei City 23564, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chih-Ju Chang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cathay General Hospital, No. 280, Sec. 4, Renai Rd., Taipei 10629, Taiwan, Republic of China
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, No.510, Zhongzheng Rd., New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yao-Wen Liang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No.155, Sec.2, Linong St., Taipei 11221, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hsin-Yi Tseng
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Neuroscience, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, 12F., Education & Research Building, Shuang-Ho Campus, No. 301, Yuantong Rd., New Taipei City 23564, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ssu-Ju Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No.155, Sec.2, Linong St., Taipei 11221, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ching-Wen Chang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No.155, Sec.2, Linong St., Taipei 11221, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yen-Ting Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No.155, Sec.2, Linong St., Taipei 11221, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Huai-Hsuan Shao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No.155, Sec.2, Linong St., Taipei 11221, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Po-Chun Chen
- Department of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Sec. 3, Zhongxiao E. Rd., Taipei 10608, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ming-Liang Lai
- Graduate Institute of Intellectual Property, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Sec. 3, Zhongxiao E. Rd., Taipei 10608, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wen-Chun Deng
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, No.222, Maijin Rd., Keelung 20400, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - RuSiou Hsu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University, 1651 Page Mill Rd., Palo Alto, CA 94304, United States of America
| | - Yu-Chun Lo
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Neuroscience, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, 12F., Education & Research Building, Shuang-Ho Campus, No. 301, Yuantong Rd., New Taipei City 23564, Taiwan, Republic of China
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10
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Liu E, Zhang Y, Wang JZ. Updates in Alzheimer's disease: from basic research to diagnosis and therapies. Transl Neurodegener 2024; 13:45. [PMID: 39232848 PMCID: PMC11373277 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-024-00432-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder, characterized pathologically by extracellular deposition of β-amyloid (Aβ) into senile plaques and intracellular accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau (pTau) as neurofibrillary tangles. Clinically, AD patients show memory deterioration with varying cognitive dysfunctions. The exact molecular mechanisms underlying AD are still not fully understood, and there are no efficient drugs to stop or reverse the disease progression. In this review, we first provide an update on how the risk factors, including APOE variants, infections and inflammation, contribute to AD; how Aβ and tau become abnormally accumulated and how this accumulation plays a role in AD neurodegeneration. Then we summarize the commonly used experimental models, diagnostic and prediction strategies, and advances in periphery biomarkers from high-risk populations for AD. Finally, we introduce current status of development of disease-modifying drugs, including the newly officially approved Aβ vaccines, as well as novel and promising strategies to target the abnormal pTau. Together, this paper was aimed to update AD research progress from fundamental mechanisms to the clinical diagnosis and therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enjie Liu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Endocrine, Liyuan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430077, China
| | - Jian-Zhi Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Neurological Disorders, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226000, China.
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11
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Tsintzas E, Niccoli T. Using Drosophila amyloid toxicity models to study Alzheimer's disease. Ann Hum Genet 2024; 88:349-363. [PMID: 38517001 DOI: 10.1111/ahg.12554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of dementia and is characterised by a progressive loss of neurons, which manifests as gradual memory decline, followed by cognitive loss. Despite the significant progress in identifying novel biomarkers and understanding the prodromal pathology and symptomatology, AD remains a significant unmet clinical need. Lecanemab and aducanumab, the only Food and Drug Administration approved drugs to exhibit some disease-modifying clinical efficacy, target Aβ amyloid, underscoring the importance of this protein in disease aetiology. Nevertheless, in the absence of a definitive cure, the utilisation of preclinical models remains imperative for the identification of novel therapeutic targets and the evaluation of potential therapeutic agents. Drosophila melanogaster is a model system that can be used as a research tool to investigate neurodegeneration and therapeutic interventions. The short lifespan, low price and ease of husbandry/rearing make Drosophila an advantageous model organism from a practical perspective. However, it is the highly conserved genome and similarity of Drosophila and human neurobiology which make flies a powerful tool to investigate neurodegenerative mechanisms. In addition, the ease of transgenic modifications allows for early proof of principle studies for future therapeutic approaches in neurodegenerative research. This mini review will specifically focus on utilising Drosophila as an in vivo model of amyloid toxicity in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elli Tsintzas
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London, UK
| | - Teresa Niccoli
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, London, UK
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12
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Marcatti M, Tumurbaatar B, Borghi M, Guptarak J, Zhang WR, Krishnan B, Kayed R, Fracassi A, Taglialatela G. Inhibition of Calcineurin with FK506 Reduces Tau Levels and Attenuates Synaptic Impairment Driven by Tau Oligomers in the Hippocampus of Male Mouse Models. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9092. [PMID: 39201779 PMCID: PMC11354963 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25169092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common age-associated neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by progressive cognitive decline, memory impairment, and structural brain changes, primarily involving Aβ plaques and neurofibrillary tangles of hyperphosphorylated tau protein. Recent research highlights the significance of smaller Aβ and Tau oligomeric aggregates (AβO and TauO, respectively) in synaptic dysfunction and disease progression. Calcineurin (CaN), a key calcium/calmodulin-dependent player in regulating synaptic function in the central nervous system (CNS) is implicated in mediating detrimental effects of AβO on synapses and memory function in AD. This study aims to investigate the specific impact of CaN on both exogenous and endogenous TauO through the acute and chronic inhibition of CaN. We previously demonstrated the protective effect against AD of the immunosuppressant CaN inhibitor, FK506, but its influence on TauO remains unclear. In this study, we explored the short-term effects of acute CaN inhibition on TauO phosphorylation and TauO-induced memory deficits and synaptic dysfunction. Mice received FK506 post-TauO intracerebroventricular injection and TauO levels and phosphorylation were assessed, examining their impact on CaN and GSK-3β. The study investigated FK506 preventive/reversal effects on TauO-induced clustering of CaN and GSK-3β. Memory and synaptic function in TauO-injected mice were evaluated with/without FK506. Chronic FK506 treatment in 3xTgAD mice explored its influence on CaN, Aβ, and Tau levels. This study underscores the significant influence of CaN inhibition on TauO and associated AD pathology, suggesting therapeutic potential in targeting CaN for addressing various aspects of AD onset and progression. These findings provide valuable insights for potential interventions in AD, emphasizing the need for further exploration of CaN-targeted strategies.
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13
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Canet G, Gratuze M, Zussy C, Bouali ML, Diaz SD, Rocaboy E, Laliberté F, El Khoury NB, Tremblay C, Morin F, Calon F, Hébert SS, Julien C, Planel E. Age-dependent impact of streptozotocin on metabolic endpoints and Alzheimer's disease pathologies in 3xTg-AD mice. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 198:106526. [PMID: 38734152 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disease with a complex origin, thought to involve a combination of genetic, biological and environmental factors. Insulin dysfunction has emerged as a potential factor contributing to AD pathogenesis, particularly in individuals with diabetes, and among those with insulin deficiency or undergoing insulin therapy. The intraperitoneal administration of streptozotocin (STZ) is widely used in rodent models to explore the impact of insulin deficiency on AD pathology, although prior research predominantly focused on young animals, with no comparative analysis across different age groups. Our study aimed to fill this gap by analyzing the impact of insulin dysfunction in 7 and 23 months 3xTg-AD mice, that exhibit both amyloid and tau pathologies. Our objective was to elucidate the age-specific consequences of insulin deficiency on AD pathology. STZ administration led to insulin deficiency in the younger mice, resulting in an increase in cortical amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau aggregation, while tau phosphorylation was not significantly affected. Conversely, older mice displayed an unexpected resilience to the peripheral metabolic impact of STZ, while exhibiting an increase in both tau phosphorylation and aggregation without significantly affecting amyloid pathology. These changes were paralleled with alterations in signaling pathways involving tau kinases and phosphatases. Several markers of blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity declined with age in 3xTg-AD mice, which might have facilitated a direct neurotoxic effect of STZ in older mice. Overall, our research confirms the influence of insulin signaling dysfunction on AD pathology, but also advises careful interpretation of data related to STZ-induced effects in older animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Canet
- Laval University, Faculty of Medicine, Neurosciences and Psychiatry department, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Neurosciences axis, CHU de Québec Research Center, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada.
| | - Maud Gratuze
- Laval University, Faculty of Medicine, Neurosciences and Psychiatry department, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Institute of Neurophysiopathology (INP), University of Aix-Marseille, CNRS UMR 7051, 13385 Marseille, France.
| | - Charleine Zussy
- Laval University, Faculty of Medicine, Neurosciences and Psychiatry department, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Neurosciences axis, CHU de Québec Research Center, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada.
| | - Mohamed Lala Bouali
- Laval University, Faculty of Medicine, Neurosciences and Psychiatry department, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Sofia Diego Diaz
- Laval University, Faculty of Medicine, Neurosciences and Psychiatry department, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Emma Rocaboy
- Laval University, Faculty of Medicine, Neurosciences and Psychiatry department, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Francis Laliberté
- Neurosciences axis, CHU de Québec Research Center, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Noura B El Khoury
- Laval University, Faculty of Medicine, Neurosciences and Psychiatry department, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; University of Balamand, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Departement of Psychology, Tueini Building Kalhat, Al-Kurah, P.O. Box 100, Tripoli, Lebanon.
| | - Cyntia Tremblay
- Neurosciences axis, CHU de Québec Research Center, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada.
| | - Françoise Morin
- Neurosciences axis, CHU de Québec Research Center, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada.
| | - Frédéric Calon
- Neurosciences axis, CHU de Québec Research Center, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; Laval University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Neurosciences and Psychiatry department, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Sébastien S Hébert
- Laval University, Faculty of Medicine, Neurosciences and Psychiatry department, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Neurosciences axis, CHU de Québec Research Center, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada.
| | - Carl Julien
- Research Center in Animal Sciences of Deschambault, Québec, QC G0A 1S0, Canada; Laval University, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Emmanuel Planel
- Laval University, Faculty of Medicine, Neurosciences and Psychiatry department, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Neurosciences axis, CHU de Québec Research Center, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada.
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14
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Foret MK, Orciani C, Welikovitch LA, Huang C, Cuello AC, Do Carmo S. Early oxidative stress and DNA damage in Aβ-burdened hippocampal neurons in an Alzheimer's-like transgenic rat model. Commun Biol 2024; 7:861. [PMID: 39004677 PMCID: PMC11247100 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06552-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a key contributor to AD pathology. However, the earliest role of pre-plaque neuronal oxidative stress, remains elusive. Using laser microdissected hippocampal neurons extracted from McGill-R-Thy1-APP transgenic rats we found that intraneuronal amyloid beta (iAβ)-burdened neurons had increased expression of genes related to oxidative stress and DNA damage responses including Ercc2, Fancc, Sod2, Gsr, and Idh1. DNA damage was further evidenced by increased neuronal levels of XPD (Ercc2) and γH2AX foci, indicative of DNA double stranded breaks (DSBs), and by increased expression of Ercc6, Rad51, and Fen1, and decreased Sirt6 in hippocampal homogenates. We also found increased expression of synaptic plasticity genes (Grin2b (NR2B), CamkIIα, Bdnf, c-fos, and Homer1A) and increased protein levels of TOP2β. Our findings indicate that early accumulation of iAβ, prior to Aβ plaques, is accompanied by incipient oxidative stress and DSBs that may arise directly from oxidative stress or from maladaptive synaptic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan K Foret
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Chiara Orciani
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Chunwei Huang
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - A Claudio Cuello
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Department of Pharmacology, Oxford University, Oxford, UK.
| | - Sonia Do Carmo
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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15
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Cushing SD, Moseley SC, Stimmell AC, Schatschneider C, Wilber AA. Rescuing impaired hippocampal-cortical interactions and spatial reorientation learning and memory during sleep in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease using hippocampal 40 Hz stimulation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.20.599921. [PMID: 38979221 PMCID: PMC11230253 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.20.599921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
In preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD), spatial learning and memory is impaired. We reported similar impairments in 3xTg-AD mice on a virtual maze (VM) spatial-reorientation-task that requires using landmarks to navigate. Hippocampal (HPC)-cortical dysfunction during sleep (important for memory consolidation) is a potential mechanism for memory impairments in AD. We previously found deficits in HPC-cortical coordination during sleep coinciding with VM impairments the next day. Some forms of 40 Hz stimulation seem to clear AD pathology in mice, and improve functional connectivity in AD patients. Thus, we implanted a recording array targeting parietal cortex (PC) and HPC to assess HPC-PC coordination, and an optical fiber targeting HPC for 40 Hz or sham optogenetic stimulation in 3xTg/PV cre mice. We assessed PC delta waves (DW) and HPC sharp wave ripples (SWRs). In sham mice, SWR-DW cross-correlations were reduced, similar to 3xTg-AD mice. In 40 Hz mice, this phase-locking was rescued, as was performance on the VM. However, rescued HPC-PC coupling no longer predicted performance as in NonTg animals. Instead, DWs and SWRs independently predicted performance in 40 Hz mice. Thus, 40 Hz stimulation of HPC rescued functional interactions in the HPC-PC network, and rescued impairments in spatial navigation, but did not rescue the correlation between HPC-PC coordination during sleep and learning and memory. Together this pattern of results could inform AD treatment timing by suggesting that despite applying 40 Hz stimulation before significant tau and amyloid aggregation, pathophysiological processes led to brain changes that were not fully reversed even though cognition was recovered. Significance Statement One of the earliest symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is getting lost in space or experiencing deficits in spatial navigation, which involve navigation computations as well as learning and memory. We investigated cross brain region interactions supporting memory formation as a potential causative factor of impaired spatial learning and memory in AD. To assess this relationship between AD pathophysiology, brain changes, and behavioral alterations, we used a targeted approach for clearing amyloid beta and tau to rescue functional interactions in the brain. This research strongly connects brain activity patterns during sleep to tau and amyloid accumulation, and will aid in understanding the mechanisms underlying cognitive dysfunction in AD. Furthermore, the results offer insight for improving early identification and treatment strategies.
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16
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Gao DL, Lin MR, Ge N, Guo JT, Yang F, Sun SY. From macroautophagy to mitophagy: Unveiling the hidden role of mitophagy in gastrointestinal disorders. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:2934-2946. [PMID: 38946875 PMCID: PMC11212700 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i23.2934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
In this editorial, we comment on an article titled “Morphological and biochemical characteristics associated with autophagy in gastrointestinal diseases”, which was published in a recent issue of the World Journal of Gastroenterology. We focused on the statement that “autophagy is closely related to the digestion, secretion, and regeneration of gastrointestinal cells”. With advancing research, autophagy, and particularly the pivotal role of the macroautophagy in maintaining cellular equilibrium and stress response in the gastrointestinal system, has garnered extensive study. However, the significance of mitophagy, a unique selective autophagy pathway with ubiquitin-dependent and independent variants, should not be overlooked. In recent decades, mitophagy has been shown to be closely related to the occurrence and development of gastrointestinal diseases, especially inflammatory bowel disease, gastric cancer, and colorectal cancer. The interplay between mitophagy and mitochondrial quality control is crucial for elucidating disease mechanisms, as well as for the development of novel treatment strategies. Exploring the pathogenesis behind gastrointestinal diseases and providing individualized and efficient treatment for patients are subjects we have been exploring. This article reviews the potential mechanism of mitophagy in gastrointestinal diseases with the hope of providing new ideas for diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo-Lun Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Minimally Invasive Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Techniques, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Meng-Ran Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Minimally Invasive Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Techniques, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Nan Ge
- Department of Gastroenterology, Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Minimally Invasive Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Techniques, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jin-Tao Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Minimally Invasive Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Techniques, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Minimally Invasive Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Techniques, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Si-Yu Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Minimally Invasive Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Techniques, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China
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17
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Babygirija R, Sonsalla MM, Mill J, James I, Han JH, Green CL, Calubag MF, Wade G, Tobon A, Michael J, Trautman MM, Matoska R, Yeh CY, Grunow I, Pak HH, Rigby MJ, Baldwin DA, Niemi NM, Denu JM, Puglielli L, Simcox J, Lamming DW. Protein restriction slows the development and progression of pathology in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5217. [PMID: 38890307 PMCID: PMC11189507 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49589-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Dietary protein is a critical regulator of metabolic health and aging. Low protein diets are associated with healthy aging in humans, and dietary protein restriction extends the lifespan and healthspan of mice. In this study, we examined the effect of protein restriction (PR) on metabolic health and the development and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in the 3xTg mouse model of AD. Here, we show that PR promotes leanness and glycemic control in 3xTg mice, specifically rescuing the glucose intolerance of 3xTg females. PR induces sex-specific alterations in circulating and brain metabolites, downregulating sphingolipid subclasses in 3xTg females. PR also reduces AD pathology and mTORC1 activity, increases autophagy, and improves the cognition of 3xTg mice. Finally, PR improves the survival of 3xTg mice. Our results suggest that PR or pharmaceutical interventions that mimic the effects of this diet may hold promise as a treatment for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reji Babygirija
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Michelle M Sonsalla
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jericha Mill
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Isabella James
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Integrated Program in Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Jessica H Han
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Cara L Green
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Mariah F Calubag
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Gina Wade
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Integrated Program in Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Anna Tobon
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - John Michael
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Michaela M Trautman
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
- Nutrition and Metabolism Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ryan Matoska
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Chung-Yang Yeh
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Isaac Grunow
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Heidi H Pak
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
- Nutrition and Metabolism Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Michael J Rigby
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Dominique A Baldwin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Natalie M Niemi
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - John M Denu
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Nutrition and Metabolism Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Luigi Puglielli
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Judith Simcox
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Integrated Program in Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Nutrition and Metabolism Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Dudley W Lamming
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
- Nutrition and Metabolism Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
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18
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Pybus AF, Bitarafan S, Brothers RO, Rohrer A, Khaitan A, Moctezuma FR, Udeshi K, Davies B, Triplett S, Griffin MN, Dammer EB, Rangaraju S, Buckley EM, Wood LB. Profiling the neuroimmune cascade in 3xTg-AD mice exposed to successive mild traumatic brain injuries. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:156. [PMID: 38872143 PMCID: PMC11177462 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03128-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Repetitive mild traumatic brain injuries (rmTBI) sustained within a window of vulnerability can result in long term cognitive deficits, depression, and eventual neurodegeneration associated with tau pathology, amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques, gliosis, and neuronal and functional loss. However, a comprehensive study relating acute changes in immune signaling and glial reactivity to neuronal changes and pathological markers after single and repetitive mTBIs is currently lacking. In the current study, we addressed the question of how repeated injuries affect the brain neuroimmune response in the acute phase of injury (< 24 h) by exposing the 3xTg-AD mouse model of tau and Aβ pathology to successive (1x-5x) once-daily weight drop closed-head injuries and quantifying immune markers, pathological markers, and transcriptional profiles at 30 min, 4 h, and 24 h after each injury. We used young adult 2-4 month old 3xTg-AD mice to model the effects of rmTBI in the absence of significant tau and Aβ pathology. We identified pronounced sexual dimorphism in this model, with females eliciting more diverse changes after injury compared to males. Specifically, females showed: (1) a single injury caused a decrease in neuron-enriched genes inversely correlated with inflammatory protein expression and an increase in AD-related genes within 24 h, (2) each injury significantly increased a group of cortical cytokines (IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-9, IL-13, IL-17, KC) and MAPK phospho-proteins (phospho-Atf2, phospho-Mek1), several of which co-labeled with neurons and correlated with phospho-tau, and (3) repetitive injury caused increased expression of genes associated with astrocyte reactivity and macrophage-associated immune function. Collectively our data suggest that neurons respond to a single injury within 24 h, while other cell types, including astrocytes, transition to inflammatory phenotypes within days of repetitive injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa F Pybus
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sara Bitarafan
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Rowan O Brothers
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Alivia Rohrer
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Arushi Khaitan
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Felix Rivera Moctezuma
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kareena Udeshi
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Brae Davies
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sydney Triplett
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Martin N Griffin
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Eric B Dammer
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Srikant Rangaraju
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Erin M Buckley
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Levi B Wood
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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19
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Collins HM, Greenfield S. Rodent Models of Alzheimer's Disease: Past Misconceptions and Future Prospects. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6222. [PMID: 38892408 PMCID: PMC11172947 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with no effective treatments, not least due to the lack of authentic animal models. Typically, rodent models recapitulate the effects but not causes of AD, such as cholinergic neuron loss: lesioning of cholinergic neurons mimics the cognitive decline reminiscent of AD but not its neuropathology. Alternative models rely on the overexpression of genes associated with familial AD, such as amyloid precursor protein, or have genetically amplified expression of mutant tau. Yet transgenic rodent models poorly replicate the neuropathogenesis and protein overexpression patterns of sporadic AD. Seeding rodents with amyloid or tau facilitates the formation of these pathologies but cannot account for their initial accumulation. Intracerebral infusion of proinflammatory agents offer an alternative model, but these fail to replicate the cause of AD. A novel model is therefore needed, perhaps similar to those used for Parkinson's disease, namely adult wildtype rodents with neuron-specific (dopaminergic) lesions within the same vulnerable brainstem nuclei, 'the isodendritic core', which are the first to degenerate in AD. Site-selective targeting of these nuclei in adult rodents may recapitulate the initial neurodegenerative processes in AD to faithfully mimic its pathogenesis and progression, ultimately leading to presymptomatic biomarkers and preventative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen M. Collins
- Neuro-Bio Ltd., Building F5 The Culham Campus, Abingdon OX14 3DB, UK;
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20
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Park JW, Tian Y, Kim ST, Park C, Kim YM, Chung HK, Kim KM, Jahng GH. Oligomeric amyloid-β targeted contrast agent for MRI evaluation of Alzheimer's disease mouse models. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1392729. [PMID: 38895620 PMCID: PMC11184063 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1392729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Oligomeric amyloid beta (oAβ) is a toxic factor that acts in the early stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and may initiate the pathologic cascade. Therefore, detecting oAβ has a crucial role in the early diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of AD. Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate MRI signal changes in different mouse models and the time-dependent signal changes using our novel gadolinium (Gd)-dodecane tetraacetic acid (DOTA)- ob5 aptamer contrast agent. Methods We developed an MRI contrast agent by conjugating Gd-DOTA-DNA aptamer called ob5 to evaluate its ability to detect oAβ deposits in the brain using MRI. A total of 10 control mice, 9 3xTg AD mice, and 11 APP/PS/Tau AD mice were included in this study, with the age of each model being 16 or 36 weeks. A T1-weighted image was acquired at the time points before (0 min) and after injection of the contrast agent at 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 min. The analyses were performed to compare MRI signal differences among the three groups and the time-dependent signal differences in different mouse models. Results Both 3xTg AD and APP/PS/Tau AD mouse models had higher signal enhancement than control mice at all scan-time points after injection of our contrast media, especially in bilateral hippocampal areas. In particular, all Tg AD mouse models aged 16 weeks showed a higher contrast enhancement than those aged 36 weeks. For 3xTg AD and APP/PS/Tau AD groups, the signal enhancement was significantly different among the five time points (0 min, 5 min, 10 min, 15 min, 20 min, and 25 min) in multiple ROI areas, typically in the bilateral hippocampus, left thalamus, and left amygdala. Conclusion The findings of this study suggest that the expression of the contrast agent in different AD models demonstrates its translational flexibility across different species. The signal enhancement peaked around 15-20 min after injection of the contrast agent. Therefore, our novel contrast agent targeting oAβ has the potential ability to diagnose early AD and monitor the progression of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jang Woo Park
- Korea Radioisotope Center for Pharmaceuticals, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunan Tian
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Tae Kim
- J&Pharma, Neuroscience Research Institute, Healthcare Innovation Park, Seongnam City, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanwoo Park
- Korea Radioisotope Center for Pharmaceuticals, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Mi Kim
- J&Pharma, Neuroscience Research Institute, Healthcare Innovation Park, Seongnam City, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Kyung Chung
- Korea Radioisotope Center for Pharmaceuticals, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Min Kim
- Korea Radioisotope Center for Pharmaceuticals, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Radiological and Medico Oncological Sciences, University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Geon-Ho Jahng
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Zahr NM. Alcohol Use Disorder and Dementia: A Review. Alcohol Res 2024; 44:03. [PMID: 38812709 PMCID: PMC11135165 DOI: 10.35946/arcr.v44.1.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE By 2040, 21.6% of Americans will be over age 65, and the population of those older than age 85 is estimated to reach 14.4 million. Although not causative, older age is a risk factor for dementia: every 5 years beyond age 65, the risk doubles; approximately one-third of those older than age 85 are diagnosed with dementia. As current alcohol consumption among older adults is significantly higher compared to previous generations, a pressing question is whether drinking alcohol increases the risk for Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia. SEARCH METHODS Databases explored included PubMed, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect. To accomplish this narrative review on the effects of alcohol consumption on dementia risk, the literature covered included clinical diagnoses, epidemiology, neuropsychology, postmortem pathology, neuroimaging and other biomarkers, and translational studies. Searches conducted between January 12 and August 1, 2023, included the following terms and combinations: "aging," "alcoholism," "alcohol use disorder (AUD)," "brain," "CNS," "dementia," "Wernicke," "Korsakoff," "Alzheimer," "vascular," "frontotemporal," "Lewy body," "clinical," "diagnosis," "epidemiology," "pathology," "autopsy," "postmortem," "histology," "cognitive," "motor," "neuropsychological," "magnetic resonance," "imaging," "PET," "ligand," "degeneration," "atrophy," "translational," "rodent," "rat," "mouse," "model," "amyloid," "neurofibrillary tangles," "α-synuclein," or "presenilin." When relevant, "species" (i.e., "humans" or "other animals") was selected as an additional filter. Review articles were avoided when possible. SEARCH RESULTS The two terms "alcoholism" and "aging" retrieved about 1,350 papers; adding phrases-for example, "postmortem" or "magnetic resonance"-limited the number to fewer than 100 papers. Using the traditional term, "alcoholism" with "dementia" resulted in 876 citations, but using the currently accepted term "alcohol use disorder (AUD)" with "dementia" produced only 87 papers. Similarly, whereas the terms "Alzheimer's" and "alcoholism" yielded 318 results, "Alzheimer's" and "alcohol use disorder (AUD)" returned only 40 citations. As pertinent postmortem pathology papers were published in the 1950s and recent animal models of Alzheimer's disease were created in the early 2000s, articles referenced span the years 1957 to 2024. In total, more than 5,000 articles were considered; about 400 are herein referenced. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Chronic alcohol misuse accelerates brain aging and contributes to cognitive impairments, including those in the mnemonic domain. The consensus among studies from multiple disciplines, however, is that alcohol misuse can increase the risk for dementia, but not necessarily Alzheimer's disease. Key issues to consider include the reversibility of brain damage following abstinence from chronic alcohol misuse compared to the degenerative and progressive course of Alzheimer's disease, and the characteristic presence of protein inclusions in the brains of people with Alzheimer's disease, which are absent in the brains of those with AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie M Zahr
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, California
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22
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Zhang N, Sui Y, Jendrichovsky P, Feng H, Shi H, Zhang X, Xu S, Sun W, Zhang H, Chen X, Tortorella MD, He J. Cholecystokinin B receptor agonists alleviates anterograde amnesia in cholecystokinin-deficient and aged Alzheimer's disease mice. Alzheimers Res Ther 2024; 16:109. [PMID: 38750512 PMCID: PMC11094875 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-024-01472-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As one major symptom of Alzheimer's disease (AD), anterograde amnesia describes patients with an inability in new memory formation. The crucial role of the entorhinal cortex in forming new memories has been well established, and the neuropeptide cholecystokinin (CCK) is reported to be released from the entorhinal cortex to enable neocortical associated memory and long-term potentiation. Though several studies reveal that the entorhinal cortex and CCK are related to AD, it is less well studied. It is unclear whether CCK is a good biomarker or further a great drug candidate for AD. METHODS mRNA expressions of CCK and CCK-B receptor (CCKBR) were examined in two mouse models, 3xTg AD and CCK knock-out (CCK-/-) mice. Animals' cognition was investigated with Morris water maze, novel object recognition test and neuroplasticity with in-vitro electrophysiological recording. Drugs were given intraperitoneally to animals to investigate the rescue effects on cognitive deficits, or applied to brain slices directly to explore the influence in inducement of long-term potentiation. RESULTS Aged 3xTg AD mice exhibited reduced CCK mRNA expression in the entorhinal cortex but reduced CCKBR expression in the neocortex and hippocampus, and impaired cognition and neuroplasticity comparable with CCK-/- mice. Importantly, the animals displayed improved performance and enhanced long-term potentiation after the treatment of CCKBR agonists. CONCLUSIONS Here we provide more evidence to support the role of CCK in learning and memory and its potential to treat AD. We elaborated on the rescue effect of a promising novel drug, HT-267, on aged 3xTg AD mice. Although the physiological etiology of CCK in AD still needs to be further investigated, this study sheds light on a potential pharmaceutical candidate for AD and dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 0000, P.R. China
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science & Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong SAR, 0000, P.R. China
| | - Yixuan Sui
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 0000, P.R. China
| | - Peter Jendrichovsky
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 0000, P.R. China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Hemin Feng
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 0000, P.R. China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Heng Shi
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 0000, P.R. China
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science & Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong SAR, 0000, P.R. China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 0000, P.R. China
- National Engineering Laboratory of Big Data System Computing Technology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518507, P.R. China
| | - Shenghui Xu
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 0000, P.R. China
- Laboratory Testing Division, WuXi AppTec (Suzhou) Co., Ltd, Suzhou, 215104, P.R. China
| | - Wenjian Sun
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 0000, P.R. China
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Huatang Zhang
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science & Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong SAR, 0000, P.R. China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 0000, P.R. China
| | - Micky D Tortorella
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science & Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong SAR, 0000, P.R. China.
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, P.R. China.
| | - Jufang He
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 0000, P.R. China.
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23
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Meng X, Song Q, Liu Z, Liu X, Wang Y, Liu J. Neurotoxic β-amyloid oligomers cause mitochondrial dysfunction-the trigger for PANoptosis in neurons. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1400544. [PMID: 38808033 PMCID: PMC11130508 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1400544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
As the global population ages, the incidence of elderly patients with dementia, represented by Alzheimer's disease (AD), will continue to increase. Previous studies have suggested that β-amyloid protein (Aβ) deposition is a key factor leading to AD. However, the clinical efficacy of treating AD with anti-Aβ protein antibodies is not satisfactory, suggesting that Aβ amyloidosis may be a pathological change rather than a key factor leading to AD. Identification of the causes of AD and development of corresponding prevention and treatment strategies is an important goal of current research. Following the discovery of soluble oligomeric forms of Aβ (AβO) in 1998, scientists began to focus on the neurotoxicity of AβOs. As an endogenous neurotoxin, the active growth of AβOs can lead to neuronal death, which is believed to occur before plaque formation, suggesting that AβOs are the key factors leading to AD. PANoptosis, a newly proposed concept of cell death that includes known modes of pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis, is a form of cell death regulated by the PANoptosome complex. Neuronal survival depends on proper mitochondrial function. Under conditions of AβO interference, mitochondrial dysfunction occurs, releasing lethal contents as potential upstream effectors of the PANoptosome. Considering the critical role of neurons in cognitive function and the development of AD as well as the regulatory role of mitochondrial function in neuronal survival, investigation of the potential mechanisms leading to neuronal PANoptosis is crucial. This review describes the disruption of neuronal mitochondrial function by AβOs and elucidates how AβOs may activate neuronal PANoptosis by causing mitochondrial dysfunction during the development of AD, providing guidance for the development of targeted neuronal treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jinyu Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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24
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Basir HS, Mirazi N, Komaki A, Hosseini A. Cacao consumption improves passive avoidance memory impairment in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease: the role of hippocampal synaptic plasticity and oxidative stress. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1379264. [PMID: 38756381 PMCID: PMC11096498 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1379264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) causes progressive loss of cognitive function and synaptic plasticity, which is the most common form of dementia. The present study was designed to scrutinize the effects of cacao on passive avoidance memory function and to identify the roles of hippocampal synaptic plasticity and oxidative stress in an AD rat model induced by unilateral intracerebroventricular (UICV) injection of amyloid-beta (Aβ). Methods: Oral administration of cacao (500 mg/kg/ day) was given for 2 consecutive months. A memory retention test was conducted 24 h after passive avoidance training was completed. Subsequently, the amplitude of population spike (PS) and slope of field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSPs) were assessed at hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) in perforant pathway-dentate gyrus (PP-DG) synapses. Moreover, total thiol group (TTG) and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations were evaluated in the plasma. Furthermore, compact Aβ plaques were detected in the hippocampal DG by performing Congo red staining. Results: As a result of AD induction, passive avoidance memory was impaired; also, reduced fEPSP slopes, PS amplitudes, and content of TTG, and increase in MDA levels in the rats were observed. In contrast, cacao treatment ameliorated passive avoidance memory impairment, improved hippocampal LTP impairment, modulated oxidative-antioxidative status, and delayed Aβ plaques production in AD rats. Disscussion: Conclusively, cacao alleviates Aβ-induced cognitive deficit, probably by the amelioration of hippocampal LTP impairment, modulation of oxidative-antioxidative status, and inhibition of Aβ plaque accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Shokati Basir
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Naser Mirazi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Alireza Komaki
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Abdolkarim Hosseini
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
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25
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Hamilton LK, M'Bra PEH, Mailloux S, Galoppin M, Aumont A, Fernandes KJL. Central inhibition of stearoyl-CoA desaturase has minimal effects on the peripheral metabolic symptoms of the 3xTg Alzheimer's disease mouse model. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7742. [PMID: 38565895 PMCID: PMC10987571 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58272-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Evidence from genetic and epidemiological studies point to lipid metabolism defects in both the brain and periphery being at the core of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. Previously, we reported that central inhibition of the rate-limiting enzyme in monounsaturated fatty acid synthesis, stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD), improves brain structure and function in the 3xTg mouse model of AD (3xTg-AD). Here, we tested whether these beneficial central effects involve recovery of peripheral metabolic defects, such as fat accumulation and glucose and insulin handling. As early as 3 months of age, 3xTg-AD mice exhibited peripheral phenotypes including increased body weight and visceral and subcutaneous white adipose tissue as well as diabetic-like peripheral gluco-regulatory abnormalities. We found that intracerebral infusion of an SCD inhibitor that normalizes brain fatty acid desaturation, synapse loss and learning and memory deficits in middle-aged memory-impaired 3xTg-AD mice did not affect these peripheral phenotypes. This suggests that the beneficial effects of central SCD inhibition on cognitive function are not mediated by recovery of peripheral metabolic abnormalities. Given the widespread side-effects of systemically administered SCD inhibitors, these data suggest that selective inhibition of SCD in the brain may represent a clinically safer and more effective strategy for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura K Hamilton
- Research Center of the University of Montreal Hospital (CRCHUM), Montreal, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Paule E H M'Bra
- Research Center on Aging, CIUSSS de l'Estrie-CHUS, Sherbrooke, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Sophia Mailloux
- Research Center of the University of Montreal Hospital (CRCHUM), Montreal, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Manon Galoppin
- Research Center of the University of Montreal Hospital (CRCHUM), Montreal, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Anne Aumont
- Research Center on Aging, CIUSSS de l'Estrie-CHUS, Sherbrooke, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Karl J L Fernandes
- Research Center of the University of Montreal Hospital (CRCHUM), Montreal, Canada.
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.
- Research Center on Aging, CIUSSS de l'Estrie-CHUS, Sherbrooke, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada.
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Jagadeesan N, Roules GC, Chandrashekar DV, Yang J, Kolluru S, Sumbria RK. Modulation of hippocampal protein expression by a brain penetrant biologic TNF-α inhibitor in the 3xTg Alzheimer's disease mice. J Transl Med 2024; 22:291. [PMID: 38500108 PMCID: PMC10946165 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05008-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biologic TNF-α inhibitors (bTNFIs) can block cerebral TNF-α in Alzheimer's disease (AD) if these macromolecules can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Thus, a model bTNFI, the extracellular domain of type II TNF-α receptor (TNFR), which can bind to and sequester TNF-α, was fused with a mouse transferrin receptor antibody (TfRMAb) to enable brain delivery via BBB TfR-mediated transcytosis. Previously, we found TfRMAb-TNFR to be protective in a mouse model of amyloidosis (APP/PS1) and tauopathy (PS19), and herein we investigated its effects in mice that combine both amyloidosis and tauopathy (3xTg-AD). METHODS Eight-month-old female 3xTg-AD mice were injected intraperitoneally with saline (n = 11) or TfRMAb-TNFR (3 mg/kg; n = 11) three days per week for 12 weeks. Age-matched wild-type (WT) mice (n = 9) were treated similarly with saline. Brains were processed for immunostaining and high-resolution multiplex NanoString GeoMx spatial proteomics. RESULTS We observed regional differences in proteins relevant to Aβ, tau, and neuroinflammation in the hippocampus of 3xTg-AD mice compared with WT mice. From 64 target proteins studied using spatial proteomics, a comparison of the Aβ-plaque bearing vs. plaque-free regions in the 3xTg-AD mice yielded 39 differentially expressed proteins (DEP) largely related to neuroinflammation (39% of DEP) and Aβ and tau pathology combined (31% of DEP). Hippocampal spatial proteomics revealed that the majority of the proteins modulated by TfRMAb-TNFR in the 3xTg-AD mice were relevant to microglial function (⁓ 33%). TfRMAb-TNFR significantly reduced mature Aβ plaques and increased Aβ-associated microglia around larger Aβ deposits in the 3xTg-AD mice. Further, TfRMAb-TNFR increased mature Aβ plaque-associated microglial TREM2 in 3xTg-AD mice. CONCLUSION Overall, despite the low visual Aβ load in the 11-month-old female 3xTg-AD mice, our results highlight region-specific AD-relevant DEP in the hippocampus of these mice. Chronic TfRMAb-TNFR dosing modulated several DEP involved in AD pathology and showed a largely microglia-centric mechanism of action in the 3xTg-AD mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataraj Jagadeesan
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Chapman University, Irvine, CA, 92618, USA
| | - G Chuli Roules
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Chapman University, Irvine, CA, 92618, USA
| | - Devaraj V Chandrashekar
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Chapman University, Irvine, CA, 92618, USA
| | - Joshua Yang
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Chapman University, Irvine, CA, 92618, USA
| | - Sanjana Kolluru
- Rancho Cucamonga High School, 11801 Lark Dr, Rancho Cucamonga, CA, 91701, USA
| | - Rachita K Sumbria
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Chapman University, Irvine, CA, 92618, USA.
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
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Zhong MZ, Peng T, Duarte ML, Wang M, Cai D. Updates on mouse models of Alzheimer's disease. Mol Neurodegener 2024; 19:23. [PMID: 38462606 PMCID: PMC10926682 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-024-00712-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease in the United States (US). Animal models, specifically mouse models have been developed to better elucidate disease mechanisms and test therapeutic strategies for AD. A large portion of effort in the field was focused on developing transgenic (Tg) mouse models through over-expression of genetic mutations associated with familial AD (FAD) patients. Newer generations of mouse models through knock-in (KI)/knock-out (KO) or CRISPR gene editing technologies, have been developed for both familial and sporadic AD risk genes with the hope to more accurately model proteinopathies without over-expression of human AD genes in mouse brains. In this review, we summarized the phenotypes of a few commonly used as well as newly developed mouse models in translational research laboratories including the presence or absence of key pathological features of AD such as amyloid and tau pathology, synaptic and neuronal degeneration as well as cognitive and behavior deficits. In addition, advantages and limitations of these AD mouse models have been elaborated along with discussions of any sex-specific features. More importantly, the omics data from available AD mouse models have been analyzed to categorize molecular signatures of each model reminiscent of human AD brain changes, with the hope to guide future selection of most suitable models for specific research questions to be addressed in the AD field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Z Zhong
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Science, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Thomas Peng
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Science Research Program, Scarsdale High School, New York, NY, 10583, USA
| | - Mariana Lemos Duarte
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Research & Development, James J Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, 10468, USA.
| | - Minghui Wang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
| | - Dongming Cai
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Research & Development, James J Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, 10468, USA.
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Department of Neurology, N. Bud Grossman Center for Memory Research and Care, The University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
- Geriatric Research Education & Clinical Center (GRECC), The Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, 55417, USA.
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Criscuolo C, Chartampila E, Ginsberg SD, Scharfman HE. Dentate Gyrus Granule Cells Show Stability of BDNF Protein Expression in Mossy Fiber Axons with Age, and Resistance to Alzheimer's Disease Neuropathology in a Mouse Model. eNeuro 2024; 11:ENEURO.0192-23.2023. [PMID: 38164567 PMCID: PMC10913042 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0192-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is important in the development and maintenance of neurons and their plasticity. Hippocampal BDNF has been implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD) because hippocampal levels in AD patients and AD animal models are often downregulated, suggesting that reduced BDNF contributes to AD. However, the location where hippocampal BDNF protein is most highly expressed, the mossy fiber (MF) axons of dentate gyrus granule cells (GCs), has been understudied, and not in controlled conditions. Therefore, we evaluated MF BDNF protein in the Tg2576 mouse model of AD. Tg2576 and wild-type (WT) mice of both sexes were examined at 2-3 months of age, when amyloid-β (Aβ) is present in neurons but plaques are absent, and 11-20 months of age, after plaque accumulation. As shown previously, WT mice exhibited high levels of MF BDNF protein. Interestingly, there was no significant decline with age in either the genotype or sex. Notably, MF BDNF protein was correlated with GC ΔFosB, a transcription factor that increases after 1-2 weeks of elevated neuronal activity. We also report the novel finding that Aβ in GCs or the GC layer was minimal even at old ages. The results indicate that MF BDNF is stable in the Tg2576 mouse, and MF BDNF may remain unchanged due to increased GC neuronal activity, since BDNF expression is well known to be activity dependent. The resistance of GCs to long-term Aβ accumulation provides an opportunity to understand how to protect vulnerable neurons from increased Aβ levels and therefore has translational implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Criscuolo
- Center for Dementia Research, The Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, NewYork University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - Elissavet Chartampila
- Center for Dementia Research, The Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Stephen D Ginsberg
- Center for Dementia Research, The Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962
- Department of Neuroscience & Physiology, NewYork University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
- Psychiatry, NewYork University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
- NYU Neuroscience Institute, NewYork University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - Helen E Scharfman
- Center for Dementia Research, The Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, NewYork University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
- Department of Neuroscience & Physiology, NewYork University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
- NYU Neuroscience Institute, NewYork University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
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Bettinetti-Luque M, Trujillo-Estrada L, Garcia-Fuentes E, Andreo-Lopez J, Sanchez-Varo R, Garrido-Sánchez L, Gómez-Mediavilla Á, López MG, Garcia-Caballero M, Gutierrez A, Baglietto-Vargas D. Adipose tissue as a therapeutic target for vascular damage in Alzheimer's disease. Br J Pharmacol 2024; 181:840-878. [PMID: 37706346 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue has recently been recognized as an important endocrine organ that plays a crucial role in energy metabolism and in the immune response in many metabolic tissues. With this regard, emerging evidence indicates that an important crosstalk exists between the adipose tissue and the brain. However, the contribution of adipose tissue to the development of age-related diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, remains poorly defined. New studies suggest that the adipose tissue modulates brain function through a range of endogenous biologically active factors known as adipokines, which can cross the blood-brain barrier to reach the target areas in the brain or to regulate the function of the blood-brain barrier. In this review, we discuss the effects of several adipokines on the physiology of the blood-brain barrier, their contribution to the development of Alzheimer's disease and their therapeutic potential. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue From Alzheimer's Disease to Vascular Dementia: Different Roads Leading to Cognitive Decline. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v181.6/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Bettinetti-Luque
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Laura Trujillo-Estrada
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Garcia-Fuentes
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juana Andreo-Lopez
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Raquel Sanchez-Varo
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Fisiología Humana, Histología Humana, Anatomía Patológica y Educación Física y Deportiva, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Lourdes Garrido-Sánchez
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain
| | - Ángela Gómez-Mediavilla
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina. Instituto Teófilo Hernando para la I+D de Fármacos, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuela G López
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina. Instituto Teófilo Hernando para la I+D de Fármacos, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IIS-IP), Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Melissa Garcia-Caballero
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Antonia Gutierrez
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Baglietto-Vargas
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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30
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Altunkaya A, Deichsel C, Kreuzer M, Nguyen DM, Wintergerst AM, Rammes G, Schneider G, Fenzl T. Altered sleep behavior strengthens face validity in the ArcAβ mouse model for Alzheimer's disease. Sci Rep 2024; 14:951. [PMID: 38200079 PMCID: PMC10781983 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51560-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Demographic changes will expand the number of senior citizens suffering from Alzheimer's disease (AD). Key aspects of AD pathology are sleep impairments, associated with onset and progression of AD. AD mouse models may provide insights into mechanisms of AD-related sleep impairments. Such models may also help to establish new biomarkers predicting AD onset and monitoring AD progression. The present study aimed to establish sleep-related face validity of a widely used mouse model of AD (ArcAβ model) by comprehensively characterizing its baseline sleep/wake behavior. Chronic EEG recordings were performed continuously on four consecutive days in freely behaving mice. Spectral and temporal sleep/wake parameters were assessed and analyzed. EEG recordings showed decreased non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREMS) and increased wakefulness in transgenic mice (TG). Vigilance state transitions were different in TG mice when compared to wildtype littermates (WT). During NREMS, TG mice had lower power between 1 and 5 Hz and increased power between 5 and 30 Hz. Sleep spindle amplitudes in TG mice were lower. Our study strongly provides sleep-linked face validity for the ArcAβ model. These findings extend the potential of the mouse model to investigate mechanisms of AD-related sleep impairments and the impact of sleep impairments on the development of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alp Altunkaya
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, School of Medicine and Health, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Cassandra Deichsel
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, School of Medicine and Health, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Kreuzer
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, School of Medicine and Health, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Duy-Minh Nguyen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, School of Medicine and Health, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ann-Marie Wintergerst
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, School of Medicine and Health, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Gerhard Rammes
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, School of Medicine and Health, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Gerhard Schneider
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, School of Medicine and Health, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Fenzl
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, School of Medicine and Health, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
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31
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Acharya NK, Grossman HC, Clifford PM, Levin EC, Light KR, Choi H, Swanson Ii RL, Kosciuk MC, Venkataraman V, Libon DJ, Matzel LD, Nagele RG. A Chronic Increase in Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability Facilitates Intraneuronal Deposition of Exogenous Bloodborne Amyloid-Beta1-42 Peptide in the Brain and Leads to Alzheimer's Disease-Relevant Cognitive Changes in a Mouse Model. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 98:163-186. [PMID: 38393907 DOI: 10.3233/jad-231028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Background Increased blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides (especially Aβ1-42) (Aβ42) have been linked to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis, but the nature of their involvement in AD-related neuropathological changes leading to cognitive changes remains poorly understood. Objective To test the hypothesis that chronic extravasation of bloodborne Aβ42 peptide and brain-reactive autoantibodies and their entry into the brain parenchyma via a permeable BBB contribute to AD-related pathological changes and cognitive changes in a mouse model. Methods The BBB was rendered chronically permeable through repeated injections of Pertussis toxin (PT), and soluble monomeric, fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled or unlabeled Aβ42 was injected into the tail-vein of 10-month-old male CD1 mice at designated intervals spanning ∼3 months. Acquisition of learned behaviors and long-term retention were assessed via a battery of cognitive and behavioral tests and linked to neuropathological changes. Results Mice injected with both PT and Aβ42 demonstrated a preferential deficit in the capacity for long-term retention and an increased susceptibility to interference in selective attention compared to mice exposed to PT or saline only. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed increased BBB permeability and entry of bloodborne Aβ42 and immunoglobulin G (IgG) into the brain parenchyma, selective neuronal binding of IgG and neuronal accumulation of Aβ42 in animals injected with both PT and Aβ42 compared to controls. Conclusion Results highlight the potential synergistic role of BBB compromise and the influx of bloodborne Aβ42 into the brain in both the initiation and progression of neuropathologic and cognitive changes associated with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimish K Acharya
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, New Jersey Institute for Successful Aging, Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine, Rowan University, Stratford, NJ, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine, Rowan University, Stratford, NJ, USA
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration and Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Biomarker Discovery Center, New Jersey Institute for Successful Aging (NJISA), Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, NJ, USA
- Rowan-Virtua Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Stratford, NJ, USA
- Rowan-Virtua School of Translational Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, USA
| | - Henya C Grossman
- Department of Psychology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Peter M Clifford
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, New Jersey Institute for Successful Aging, Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine, Rowan University, Stratford, NJ, USA
- HNL Lab Medicine, Allentown, PA, USA
| | - Eli C Levin
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, New Jersey Institute for Successful Aging, Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine, Rowan University, Stratford, NJ, USA
- Department of Graduate Medical Education, Bayhealth Medical Center, Dover, DE, USA
| | - Kenneth R Light
- Department of Psychology, Barnard College of Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hana Choi
- Rowan-Virtua Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Stratford, NJ, USA
| | - Randel L Swanson Ii
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration and Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Rehab Medicine Service, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mary C Kosciuk
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, New Jersey Institute for Successful Aging, Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine, Rowan University, Stratford, NJ, USA
| | - Venkat Venkataraman
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine, Rowan University, Stratford, NJ, USA
- Department of Academic and Student Affairs, Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, NJ, USA
| | - David J Libon
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, New Jersey Institute for Successful Aging, Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine, Rowan University, Stratford, NJ, USA
- Department of Psychology, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, USA
| | - Louis D Matzel
- Department of Psychology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Robert G Nagele
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, New Jersey Institute for Successful Aging, Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine, Rowan University, Stratford, NJ, USA
- Biomarker Discovery Center, New Jersey Institute for Successful Aging (NJISA), Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, NJ, USA
- Rowan-Virtua Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Stratford, NJ, USA
- Rowan-Virtua School of Translational Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, USA
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32
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Chum PP, Bishara MA, Solis SR, Behringer EJ. Cerebrovascular miRNAs Track Early Development of Alzheimer's Disease and Target Molecular Markers of Angiogenesis and Blood Flow Regulation. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 99:S187-S234. [PMID: 37458037 PMCID: PMC10787821 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with impaired cerebral circulation which underscores diminished delivery of blood oxygen and nutrients to and throughout the brain. In the 3xTg-AD mouse model, we have recently found that > 10 cerebrovascular miRNAs pertaining to vascular permeability, angiogenesis, and inflammation (e.g., let-7d, miR-99a, miR-132, miR-133a, miR-151-5p, and miR-181a) track early development of AD. Further, endothelial-specific miRNAs (miR-126-3p, miR-23a/b, miR-27a) alter with onset of overall AD pathology relative to stability of smooth muscle/pericyte-specific miRNAs (miR-143, miR-145). Objective We tested the hypothesis that cerebrovascular miRNAs indicating AD pathology share mRNA targets that regulate key endothelial cell functions such as angiogenesis, vascular permeability, and blood flow regulation. Methods As detected by NanoString nCounter miRNA Expression panel for 3xTg-AD mice, 61 cerebrovascular miRNAs and respective mRNA targets were examined using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis for canonical Cardiovascular (Cardio) and Nervous System (Neuro) Signaling. Results The number of targets regulated per miRNA were 21±2 and 33±3 for the Cardio and Neuro pathways respectively, whereby 14±2 targets overlap among pathways. Endothelial miRNAs primarily target members of the PDE, PDGF, SMAD, and VEGF families. Individual candidates regulated by≥4 miRNAs that best mark AD pathology presence in 3xTg-AD mice include CFL2, GRIN2B, PDGFB, SLC6A1, SMAD3, SYT3, and TNFRSF11B. Conclusion miRNAs selective for regulation of endothelial function and respective downstream mRNA targets support a molecular basis for dysregulated cerebral blood flow regulation coupled with enhanced cell growth, proliferation, and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phoebe P. Chum
- Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
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Cai J, Xie D, Kong F, Zhai Z, Zhu Z, Zhao Y, Xu Y, Sun T. Effect and Mechanism of Rapamycin on Cognitive Deficits in Animal Models of Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Preclinical Studies. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 99:53-84. [PMID: 38640155 DOI: 10.3233/jad-231249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Background Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of dementia, remains long-term and challenging to diagnose. Furthermore, there is currently no medication to completely cure AD patients. Rapamycin has been clinically demonstrated to postpone the aging process in mice and improve learning and memory abilities in animal models of AD. Therefore, rapamycin has the potential to be significant in the discovery and development of drugs for AD patients. Objective The main objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the effects and mechanisms of rapamycin on animal models of AD by examining behavioral indicators and pathological features. Methods Six databases were searched and 4,277 articles were retrieved. In conclusion, 13 studies were included according to predefined criteria. Three authors independently judged the selected literature and methodological quality. Use of subgroup analyses to explore potential mechanistic effects of rapamycin interventions: animal models of AD, specific types of transgenic animal models, dosage, and periodicity of administration. Results The results of Morris Water Maze (MWM) behavioral test showed that escape latency was shortened by 15.60 seconds with rapamycin therapy, indicating that learning ability was enhanced in AD mice; and the number of traversed platforms was increased by 1.53 times, indicating that the improved memory ability significantly corrected the memory deficits. CONCLUSIONS Rapamycin therapy reduced age-related plaque deposition by decreasing AβPP production and down-regulating β-secretase and γ-secretase activities, furthermore increased amyloid-β clearance by promoting autophagy, as well as reduced tau hyperphosphorylation by up-regulating insulin-degrading enzyme levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cai
- School of Intelligent Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Danni Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fanjing Kong
- School of Intelligent Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhenwei Zhai
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhishan Zhu
- School of Intelligent Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanru Zhao
- School of Intelligent Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Sun
- School of Intelligent Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Nam E, Lin Y, Park J, Do H, Han J, Jeong B, Park S, Lee DY, Kim M, Han J, Baik M, Lee Y, Lim MH. APP-C31: An Intracellular Promoter of Both Metal-Free and Metal-Bound Amyloid-β 40 Aggregation and Toxicity in Alzheimer's Disease. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2307182. [PMID: 37949680 PMCID: PMC10811509 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202307182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular C-terminal cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) is elevated in the brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and produces a peptide labeled APP-C31 that is suspected to be involved in the pathology of AD. But details about the role of APP-C31 in the development of the disease are not known. Here, this work reports that APP-C31 directly interacts with the N-terminal and self-recognition regions of amyloid-β40 (Aβ40 ) to form transient adducts, which facilitates the aggregation of both metal-free and metal-bound Aβ40 peptides and aggravates their toxicity. Specifically, APP-C31 increases the perinuclear and intranuclear generation of large Aβ40 deposits and, consequently, damages the nucleus leading to apoptosis. The Aβ40 -induced degeneration of neurites and inflammation are also intensified by APP-C31 in human neurons and murine brains. This study demonstrates a new function of APP-C31 as an intracellular promoter of Aβ40 amyloidogenesis in both metal-free and metal-present environments, and may offer an interesting alternative target for developing treatments for AD that have not been considered thus far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunju Nam
- Department of ChemistryKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)Daejeon34141Republic of Korea
| | - Yuxi Lin
- Research Center for Bioconvergence AnalysisKorea Basic Science Institute (KBSI)OchangChungbuk28119Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyong Park
- Department of ChemistryKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)Daejeon34141Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon FunctionalizationsInstitute for Basic Science (IBS)Daejeon34141Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunsu Do
- Graduate School of Medical Science and EngineeringKAISTDaejeon34141Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyeon Han
- Department of ChemistryKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)Daejeon34141Republic of Korea
| | - Bohyeon Jeong
- Rare Disease Research CenterKorea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB)Daejeon34141Republic of Korea
| | - Subin Park
- Rare Disease Research CenterKorea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB)Daejeon34141Republic of Korea
- Department of BiochemistryDepartment of Medical ScienceChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeon35015Republic of Korea
| | - Da Yong Lee
- Rare Disease Research CenterKorea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB)Daejeon34141Republic of Korea
| | - Mingeun Kim
- Department of ChemistryKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)Daejeon34141Republic of Korea
| | - Jinju Han
- Graduate School of Medical Science and EngineeringKAISTDaejeon34141Republic of Korea
| | - Mu‐Hyun Baik
- Department of ChemistryKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)Daejeon34141Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon FunctionalizationsInstitute for Basic Science (IBS)Daejeon34141Republic of Korea
| | - Young‐Ho Lee
- Research Center for Bioconvergence AnalysisKorea Basic Science Institute (KBSI)OchangChungbuk28119Republic of Korea
- Bio‐Analytical ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology (UST)Daejeon34113Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and TechnologyChungnam National UniversityDaejeon34134Republic of Korea
- Department of Systems BiotechnologyChung‐Ang UniversityGyeonggi17546Republic of Korea
- Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary SciencesTohoku UniversityMiyagi980‐8578Japan
| | - Mi Hee Lim
- Department of ChemistryKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)Daejeon34141Republic of Korea
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35
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Sun J, Li L, Xiong L, Chen F, She L, Tang H, Zeng Y, Duan Y, Li L, Wang W, Li G, Zhao X, Liang G. Parthenolide alleviates cognitive dysfunction and neurotoxicity via regulation of AMPK/GSK3β(Ser9)/Nrf2 signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 169:115909. [PMID: 37992573 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) stands as the predominant age-related neurodegenerative disorder, for which efficacious treatment remains elusive. An auspicious avenue for this disease lies in natural compounds sourced from tranditional medicine and plant origins. Parthenolide (PTN) is a natural product with multiple biological functionsand. Recent investigations have illuminated PTN's protective properties against neurological maladies; however, its potential therapeutic role against AD remains uncharted. This study aims to explore the role of PTN in treating AD. Our in vitro findings underscore PTN's bioactivity, as evidenced by its capacity to curtail apoptosis, reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and restore mitochondrial membrane potential in PC12 cells. Moreover, PTN treatment demonstrates a capacity to ameliorate deficits in spatial learning and memory in the 3 ×Tg-AD murine model. Notably, PTN's therapeutic efficacy surpasses that of a clinical agent, donepezil. Mechanistically, PTN's neuroprotective effects stem from its adept regulation of the AMPK/GSK3β(ser9)/Nrf2 signaling pathway and protection on neuronal cells from ROS-related apoptosis. Although the molecular target and the pre-clinical evaluations of PTN need to be further explored, this study indicates PTN as a potential agent or lead compound for the drug development against AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Sun
- Department of Pharmacy and Institute of Inflammation, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China; Zhejiang TCM Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Translational Research of Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China; Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China
| | - Liwei Li
- Zhejiang TCM Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Translational Research of Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Li Xiong
- Zhejiang TCM Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Translational Research of Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Fan Chen
- Zhejiang TCM Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Translational Research of Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Lingyu She
- Zhejiang TCM Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Translational Research of Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Hao Tang
- Zhejiang TCM Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Translational Research of Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Yuqing Zeng
- Zhejiang TCM Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Translational Research of Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Ying Duan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China
| | - Luyao Li
- Zhejiang TCM Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Translational Research of Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Affiliated Yongkang First People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, China
| | - Gao Li
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China.
| | - Xia Zhao
- Zhejiang TCM Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Translational Research of Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China; Affiliated Yongkang First People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, China.
| | - Guang Liang
- Department of Pharmacy and Institute of Inflammation, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China; Zhejiang TCM Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Translational Research of Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China.
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36
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Eckman EA, Clausen DM, Solé-Domėnech S, Lee CW, Sinobas-Pereira C, Domalewski RJ, Nichols MR, Pacheco-Quinto J. Nascent Aβ42 Fibrillization in Synaptic Endosomes Precedes Plaque Formation in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's-like β-Amyloidosis. J Neurosci 2023; 43:8812-8824. [PMID: 37884349 PMCID: PMC10727180 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1318-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) aggregates in synapses may contribute to the profound synaptic loss characteristic of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The origin of synaptic Aβ aggregates remains elusive, but loss of endosomal proteostasis may trigger their formation. In this study, we identified the synaptic compartments where Aβ accumulates, and performed a longitudinal analysis of synaptosomes isolated from brains of TgCRND8 APP transgenic mice of either sex. To evaluate the specific contribution of Aβ-degrading protease endothelin-converting enzyme (ECE-1) to synaptic/endosomal Aβ homeostasis, we analyzed the effect of partial Ece1 KO in brain and complete ECE1 KO in SH-SY5Y cells. Global inhibition of ECE family members was used to further assess their role in preventing synaptic Aβ accumulation. Results showed that, before extracellular amyloid deposition, synapses were burdened with detergent-soluble Aβ monomers, oligomers, and fibrils. Levels of all soluble Aβ species declined thereafter, as Aβ42 turned progressively insoluble and accumulated in Aβ-producing synaptic endosomal vesicles with characteristics of multivesicular bodies. Accordingly, fibrillar Aβ was detected in brain exosomes. ECE-1-deficient mice had significantly increased endogenous synaptosomal Aβ42 levels, and protease inhibitor experiments showed that, in TgCRND8 mice, synaptic Aβ42 became nearly resistant to degradation by ECE-related proteases. Our study supports that Aβ accumulating in synapses is produced locally, within endosomes, and does not require the presence of amyloid plaques. ECE-1 is a determinant factor controlling the accumulation and fibrillization of nascent Aβ in endosomes and, in TgCRND8 mice, Aβ overproduction causes rapid loss of Aβ42 solubility that curtails ECE-mediated degradation.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Deposition of aggregated Aβ in extracellular plaques is a defining feature of AD. Aβ aggregates also accumulate in synapses and may contribute to the profound synaptic loss and cognitive dysfunction typical of the disease. However, it is not clear whether synaptotoxic Aβ is mainly derived from plaques or if it is produced and aggregated locally, within affected synaptic compartments. Filling this knowledge gap is important for the development of an effective treatment for AD, as extracellular and intrasynaptic pools of Aβ may not be equally modulated by immunotherapies or other therapeutic approaches. In this manuscript, we provide evidence that Aβ aggregates building up in synapses are formed locally, within synaptic endosomes, because of disruptions in nascent Aβ proteostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Eckman
- Biomedical Research Institute of New Jersey, Cedar Knolls, New Jersey 07927
| | - Dana M Clausen
- Biomedical Research Institute of New Jersey, Cedar Knolls, New Jersey 07927
| | | | - Chris W Lee
- Biomedical Research Institute of New Jersey, Cedar Knolls, New Jersey 07927
| | - Cristina Sinobas-Pereira
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63121
| | - Ryan J Domalewski
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63121
| | - Michael R Nichols
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63121
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Anderton E, Chamoli M, Bhaumik D, King CD, Xie X, Foulger A, Andersen JK, Schilling B, Lithgow GJ. Amyloid β accelerates age-related proteome-wide protein insolubility. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.13.548937. [PMID: 37503138 PMCID: PMC10369951 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.13.548937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Loss of proteostasis is a highly conserved feature of aging across model organisms and typically results in the accumulation of insoluble protein aggregates. Protein insolubility is a central feature of major age-related neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's Disease (AD), where hundreds of insoluble proteins associate with aggregated amyloid beta (Aβ) in senile plaques. Moreover, proteins that become insoluble during aging in model organisms are capable of accelerating Aβ aggregation in vitro. Despite the connection between aging and AD risk, therapeutic approaches to date have overlooked aging-driven protein insolubility as a contributory factor. Here, using an unbiased proteomics approach, we questioned the relationship between Aβ and age-related protein insolubility. We demonstrate that Aβ expression drives proteome-wide protein insolubility in C. elegans and this insoluble proteome closely resembles the insoluble proteome driven by normal aging, suggesting the possibility of a vicious feedforward cycle of aggregation in the context of AD. Importantly, using human genome-wide association studies (GWAS), we show that the CIP is replete with biological processes implicated not only in neurodegenerative diseases but also across a broad array of chronic, age-related diseases (CARDs). This provides suggestive evidence that age-related loss of proteostasis could play a role in general CARD risk. Finally, we show that the CIP is enriched with proteins that modulate the toxic effects of Aβ and that the gut-derived metabolite, Urolithin A, relieves Aβ toxicity, supporting its use in clinical trials for dementia and other age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Anderton
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA 94945
- USC Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, 3715 McClintock Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90191
| | - Manish Chamoli
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA 94945
| | - Dipa Bhaumik
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA 94945
| | - Christina D. King
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA 94945
| | - Xueshu Xie
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA 94945
| | - Anna Foulger
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA 94945
| | - Julie K. Andersen
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA 94945
| | - Birgit Schilling
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA 94945
| | - Gordon J. Lithgow
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd, Novato, CA 94945
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38
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Roddick KM, Schellinck HM, Brown RE. Serial reversal learning in an olfactory discrimination task in 3xTg-AD mice. Learn Mem 2023; 30:310-319. [PMID: 37977821 PMCID: PMC10750865 DOI: 10.1101/lm.053840.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Male and female 3xTg-AD mice between 5 and 24 mo of age and their B6129F2/J wild-type controls were tested on a series of 18 olfactory discrimination and reversal tasks in an operant olfactometer. All mice learned the odor discriminations and reversals to a criterion of 85% correct, but the 3xTg-AD mice made fewer errors than the B6129F2/J mice in the odor discriminations and in the first six reversal learning tasks. Many mice showed evidence of near errorless learning, and on the reversal tasks the 3xTg-AD mice showed more instances of near errorless learning than the B6129F2/J mice. There was no evidence of an age effect on odor discrimination, but there was a decrease in errorless reversal learning in aged B6129F2/J mice. In long-term memory tests, there was an increase in the number of errors made but no genotype difference. The high level of performance indicates that the mice were able to develop a "learning to learn" strategy. The finding that the 3xTg-AD mice outperformed their littermate controls provides an example of paradoxical functional facilitation in these mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle M Roddick
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Heather M Schellinck
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Richard E Brown
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
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39
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Li X, Quan M, Wei Y, Wang W, Xu L, Wang Q, Jia J. Critical thinking of Alzheimer's transgenic mouse model: current research and future perspective. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2023; 66:2711-2754. [PMID: 37480469 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-022-2357-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Transgenic models are useful tools for studying the pathogenesis of and drug development for Alzheimer's Disease (AD). AD models are constructed usually using overexpression or knock-in of multiple pathogenic gene mutations from familial AD. Each transgenic model has its unique behavioral and pathological features. This review summarizes the research progress of transgenic mouse models, and their progress in the unique mechanism of amyloid-β oligomers, including the first transgenic mouse model built in China based on a single gene mutation (PSEN1 V97L) found in Chinese familial AD. We further summarized the preclinical findings of drugs using the models, and their future application in exploring the upstream mechanisms and multitarget drug development in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Li
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Meina Quan
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- National Medical Center for Neurological Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yiping Wei
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- National Medical Center for Neurological Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Lingzhi Xu
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- National Medical Center for Neurological Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Jianping Jia
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
- National Medical Center for Neurological Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, 100053, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, Beijing, 100053, China.
- Clinical Center for Neurodegenerative Disease and Memory Impairment, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
- Center of Alzheimer's Disease, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
- Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100053, China.
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40
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Jia K, Tian J, Wang T, Guo L, Xuan Z, Swerdlow RH, Du H. Mitochondria-sequestered Aβ renders synaptic mitochondria vulnerable in the elderly with a risk of Alzheimer disease. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e174290. [PMID: 37991017 PMCID: PMC10721326 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.174290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are critical for neurophysiology, and mitochondrial dysfunction constitutes a characteristic pathology in both brain aging and Alzheimer disease (AD). Whether mitochondrial deficiency in brain aging and AD is mechanistically linked, however, remains controversial. We report a correlation between intrasynaptosomal amyloid β 42 (Aβ42) and synaptic mitochondrial bioenergetics inefficiency in both aging and amnestic mild cognitive impairment, a transitional stage between normal aging and AD. Experiments using a mouse model expressing nonmutant humanized Aβ (humanized Aβ-knockin [hAβ-KI] mice) confirmed the association of increased intramitochondrial sequestration of Aβ42 with exacerbated synaptic mitochondrial dysfunction in an aging factor- and AD risk-bearing context. Also, in comparison with global cerebral Aβ, intramitochondrial Aβ was relatively preserved from activated microglial phagocytosis in aged hAβ-KI mice. The most parsimonious interpretation of our results is that aging-related mitochondrial Aβ sequestration renders synaptic mitochondrial dysfunction in the transitional stage between normal aging and AD. Mitochondrial dysfunction in both brain aging and the prodromal stage of AD may follow a continuous transition in response to escalated intraneuronal, especially intramitochondrial Aβ, accumulation. Moreover, our findings further implicate a pivotal role of mitochondria in harboring early amyloidosis during the conversion from normal to pathological aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Jia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | - Jing Tian
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | - Tienju Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | - Lan Guo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | - Zhenyu Xuan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Systems Biology, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, USA
| | - Russell H. Swerdlow
- Alzheimer’s Disease Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Heng Du
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
- Alzheimer’s Disease Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
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Chen L, Christenson Wick Z, Vetere LM, Vaughan N, Jurkowski A, Galas A, Diego KS, Philipsberg PA, Soler I, Feng Y, Cai DJ, Shuman T. Progressive Excitability Changes in the Medial Entorhinal Cortex in the 3xTg Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease Pathology. J Neurosci 2023; 43:7441-7454. [PMID: 37714705 PMCID: PMC10621765 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1204-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory loss and progressive cognitive impairments. In mouse models of AD pathology, studies have found neuronal and synaptic deficits in hippocampus, but less is known about changes in medial entorhinal cortex (MEC), which is the primary spatial input to the hippocampus and an early site of AD pathology. Here, we measured neuronal intrinsic excitability and synaptic activity in MEC layer II (MECII) stellate cells, MECII pyramidal cells, and MEC layer III (MECIII) excitatory neurons at 3 and 10 months of age in the 3xTg mouse model of AD pathology, using male and female mice. At 3 months of age, before the onset of memory impairments, we found early hyperexcitability in intrinsic properties of MECII stellate and pyramidal cells, but this was balanced by a relative reduction in synaptic excitation (E) compared with inhibition (I; E/I ratio), suggesting intact homeostatic mechanisms regulating MECII activity. Conversely, MECIII neurons had reduced intrinsic excitability at this early time point with no change in synaptic E/I ratio. By 10 months of age, after the onset of memory deficits, neuronal excitability of MECII pyramidal cells and MECIII excitatory neurons was largely normalized in 3xTg mice. However, MECII stellate cells remained hyperexcitable, and this was further exacerbated by an increased synaptic E/I ratio. This observed combination of increased intrinsic and synaptic hyperexcitability suggests a breakdown in homeostatic mechanisms specifically in MECII stellate cells at this postsymptomatic time point, which may contribute to the emergence of memory deficits in AD.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT AD causes cognitive deficits, but the specific neural circuits that are damaged to drive changes in memory remain unknown. Using a mouse model of AD pathology that expresses both amyloid and tau transgenes, we found that neurons in the MEC have altered excitability. Before the onset of memory impairments, neurons in layer 2 of MEC had increased intrinsic excitability, but this was balanced by reduced inputs onto the cell. However, after the onset of memory impairments, stellate cells in MEC became further hyperexcitable, with increased excitability exacerbated by increased synaptic inputs. Thus, it appears that MEC stellate cells are uniquely disrupted during the progression of memory deficits and may contribute to cognitive deficits in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxuan Chen
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697
| | - Zoé Christenson Wick
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Lauren M Vetere
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Nick Vaughan
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Albert Jurkowski
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
- Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, New York 10065
| | - Angelina Galas
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
- New York University, New York, New York 10012
| | - Keziah S Diego
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Paul A Philipsberg
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Ivan Soler
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Yu Feng
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Denise J Cai
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Tristan Shuman
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
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Menegas S, Keller GS, Possamai-Della T, Aguiar-Geraldo JM, Quevedo J, Valvassori SS. Potential mechanisms of action of resveratrol in prevention and therapy for mental disorders. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 121:109435. [PMID: 37669710 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing body of evidence about the potential of diet and nutrients to improve the population's mental health and the treatment of psychiatric disorders. Some studies have suggested that resveratrol has therapeutic properties in mental disorders, such as major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, Alzheimer's disease, and autism. In addition, resveratrol is known to induce several benefits modulated by multiple synergistic pathways, which control oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell death. This review collects the currently available data from animal and human studies and discusses the potential mechanisms of action of resveratrol in prevention and therapy for psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Menegas
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Gabriela S Keller
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Taise Possamai-Della
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Jorge M Aguiar-Geraldo
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
| | - João Quevedo
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil; Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, Texas, USA; Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, Texas, USA; Center for Interventional Psychiatry, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavior Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth Houston), Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Samira S Valvassori
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil.
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43
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Sharma H, Chang KA, Hulme J, An SSA. Mammalian Models in Alzheimer's Research: An Update. Cells 2023; 12:2459. [PMID: 37887303 PMCID: PMC10605533 DOI: 10.3390/cells12202459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A form of dementia distinct from healthy cognitive aging, Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex multi-stage disease that currently afflicts over 50 million people worldwide. Unfortunately, previous therapeutic strategies developed from murine models emulating different aspects of AD pathogenesis were limited. Consequently, researchers are now developing models that express several aspects of pathogenesis that better reflect the clinical situation in humans. As such, this review seeks to provide insight regarding current applications of mammalian models in AD research by addressing recent developments and characterizations of prominent transgenic models and their contributions to pathogenesis as well as discuss the advantages, limitations, and application of emerging models that better capture genetic heterogeneity and mixed pathologies observed in the clinical situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himadri Sharma
- Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon Bionano Research Institute, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si 461-701, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun-A Chang
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea
| | - John Hulme
- Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon Bionano Research Institute, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si 461-701, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Soo A. An
- Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon Bionano Research Institute, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si 461-701, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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Chen H, Cai J, Wang A, Su W, Ji C, Zhao L. Treadmill exercise prevents the hyperexcitability of pyramidal neurons in medial entorhinal cortex in the 3xTg-AD mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Exp Gerontol 2023; 182:112309. [PMID: 37832802 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Neuronal hyperactivity is a key abnormality in early stage Alzheimer's disease (AD). Medial entorhinal cortex (mEC) plays a vital role in memory function and is affected early in AD. Growing evidence indicates benefits of regular exercise on memory and cognitive function in humans with AD, although, the underlying mechanisms are not clear. Therefore, this study was designed to test the effects of 16 weeks treadmill exercise on spatial learning memory and the underlying cellular mechanisms in 6-month-old 3xTg-AD mice. Whole-cell patch clamp was used to examine neuronal intrinsic excitability, spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (sEPSCs) and spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents (sIPSCs) of mEC layer II/III pyramidal neurons in the following groups: wild type (WT + sham), 3xTg-AD (AD+sham), WT receiving exercise (WT + Ex), and AD receiving exercise (AD+Ex). We found that at a behavioral level, treadmill exercise decreased working memory errors in radial arm maze (RAM) test in 6-month-old AD mice. At a cellular level, we found that treadmill exercise prevented the abnormal increase in mEC pyramidal neuron input resistance and action potential firing in 6-month-old 3xTg-AD mice compared with WT + sham and AD+Ex mice; further, sEPSC amplitude and frequency were normal in AD+Ex but overactive in AD+sham; additionally, GABAergic inhibition was normal in AD+Ex mice but reduced in AD+sham. In conclusion, our results indicate that treadmill exercise improves spatial learning memory and prevents network hyperexcitability in mEC by reducing pyramidal neuronal intrinsic excitability and normalizing excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission in 3xTg-AD mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise, Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Jiajia Cai
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise, Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Aozhe Wang
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise, Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wantang Su
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise, Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Chunyan Ji
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise, Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise, Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Cutuli D, Petrosini L, Gelfo F. Advance in Neurotoxicity Research from Development to Aging. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15112. [PMID: 37894793 PMCID: PMC10606676 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A substance capable of inducing a consistent pattern of neural dysfunction in the chemistry or structure of the nervous system may be defined as neurotoxic [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora Cutuli
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via Ardeatina 306, 00179 Rome, Italy
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Via dei Marsi 78, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Petrosini
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via Ardeatina 306, 00179 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Gelfo
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via Ardeatina 306, 00179 Rome, Italy
- Department of Human Sciences, Guglielmo Marconi University, Via Plinio 44, 00193 Rome, Italy
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Ma G, Kim TH, Son T, Ding J, Ahmed S, Adejumo T, Yao X. Intrinsic signal optoretinography revealing AD-induced retinal photoreceptor hyperexcitability before a detectable morphological abnormality. OPTICS LETTERS 2023; 48:5129-5132. [PMID: 37773402 PMCID: PMC10963897 DOI: 10.1364/ol.501851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Neuronal hyperexcitability promises an early biomarker of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, in vivo detection of neuronal hyperexcitability in the brain is technically challenging. The retina, one part of the central nervous system, presents a unique window for noninvasive monitoring of the brain function. This study aims to test the feasibility of using intrinsic signal optoretinography (ORG) for mapping retinal hyperexcitability associated with early-stage AD. Custom-designed optical coherence tomography (OCT) was employed for both morphological measurement and functional ORG of wild-type mice and 3xTg-AD mice. Comparative analysis revealed AD-induced retinal photoreceptor hyperexcitability prior to detectable structural degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangying Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - Tae-Hoon Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - Taeyoon Son
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - Jie Ding
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - Shaiban Ahmed
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - Tobiloba Adejumo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - Xincheng Yao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
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47
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Tian S, Ye T, Cheng X. The behavioral, pathological and therapeutic features of the triple transgenic Alzheimer's disease (3 × Tg-AD) mouse model strain. Exp Neurol 2023; 368:114505. [PMID: 37597764 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
As a classic animal model of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the 3 × Tg-AD mouse not only recapitulates most of anatomical hallmarks observed in AD pathology but also displays cognitive alterations in memory and learning tasks. The 3 × Tg-AD can better show the two characteristics of AD, amyloid β (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFT). Therefore, 3 × Tg-AD strain is widely used in AD pathogenesis research and new drug development of AD. In this paper, the construction methods, pathological changes, and treatment characteristics of 3 × Tg-AD mouse models commonly used in AD research are summarized and commented, hoping to provide reference for researchers to choose and establish experimental patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Tian
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao 999078, PR China; Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China
| | - Tianyuan Ye
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China
| | - Xiaorui Cheng
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao 999078, PR China; Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China.
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Muntsant A, Castillo-Ruiz MDM, Giménez-Llort L. Survival Bias, Non-Lineal Behavioral and Cortico-Limbic Neuropathological Signatures in 3xTg-AD Mice for Alzheimer's Disease from Premorbid to Advanced Stages and Compared to Normal Aging. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13796. [PMID: 37762098 PMCID: PMC10531136 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pre-clinical research in aging is hampered by the scarcity of studies modeling its heterogeneity and complexity forged by pathophysiological conditions throughout the life cycle and under the sex perspective. In the case of Alzheimer's disease, the leading cause of dementia in older adults, we recently described in female wildtype and APP23 mice a survival bias and non-linear chronology of behavioral signatures from middle age to long life. Here, we present a comprehensive and multidimensional (physical, cognitive, and neuropsychiatric-like symptoms) screening and underlying neuropathological signatures in male and female 3xTg-AD mice at 2, 4, 6, 12, and 16 months of age and compared to their non-transgenic counterparts with gold-standard C57BL/6J background. Most variables studied detected age-related differences, whereas the genotype factor was specific to horizontal and vertical activities, thigmotaxis, coping with stress strategies, working memory, and frailty index. A sex effect was predominantly observed in classical emotional variables and physical status. Sixteen-month-old mice exhibited non-linear age- and genotype-dependent behavioral signatures, with higher heterogeneity in females, and worsened in naturalistically isolated males, suggesting distinct compensatory mechanisms and survival bias. The underlying temporal and spatial progression of Aβ and tau pathologies pointed to a relevant cortico-limbic substrate roadmap: premorbid intracellular Aβ immunoreactivity and pSer202/pThr205 tau phosphorylation in the amygdala and ventral hippocampus, and the entorhinal cortex and ventral hippocampus as the areas most affected by Aβ plaques. Therefore, depicting phenotypic signatures and neuropathological correlates can be critical to unveiling preventive/therapeutic research and intervention windows and studying adaptative behaviors and maladaptive responses relevant to psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Muntsant
- Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain;
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain;
| | | | - Lydia Giménez-Llort
- Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain;
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain;
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49
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Robison LS, Gannon OJ, Salinero AE, Abi-Ghanem C, Kelly RD, Riccio DA, Mansour FM, Zuloaga KL. Sex differences in metabolic phenotype and hypothalamic inflammation in the 3xTg-AD mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Biol Sex Differ 2023; 14:51. [PMID: 37559092 PMCID: PMC10410820 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-023-00536-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is notably associated with cognitive decline resulting from impaired function of hippocampal and cortical areas; however, several other domains and corresponding brain regions are affected. One such brain region is the hypothalamus, shown to atrophy and develop amyloid and tau pathology in AD patients. The hypothalamus controls several functions necessary for survival, including energy and glucose homeostasis. Changes in appetite and body weight are common in AD, often seen several years prior to the onset of cognitive symptoms. Therefore, altered metabolic processes may serve as a biomarker for AD, as well as a target for treatment, considering they are likely both a result of pathological changes and contributor to disease progression. Previously, we reported sexually dimorphic metabolic disturbances in ~ 7-month-old 3xTg-AD mice, accompanied by differences in systemic and hypothalamic inflammation. METHODS In the current study, we investigated metabolic outcomes and hypothalamic inflammation in 3xTg-AD males and females at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months of age to determine when these sex differences emerge. RESULTS In agreement with our previous study, AD males displayed less weight gain and adiposity, as well as reduced blood glucose levels following a glucose challenge, compared to females. These trends were apparent by 6-9 months of age, coinciding with increased expression of inflammatory markers (Iba1, GFAP, TNF-α, and IL-1β) in the hypothalamus of AD males. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide additional evidence for sex-dependent effects of AD pathology on energy and glucose homeostasis, which may be linked to hypothalamic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa S Robison
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY, 12208, USA.
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Nova Southeastern University, 3300 S. University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL, 33328, USA.
| | - Olivia J Gannon
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Abigail E Salinero
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Charly Abi-Ghanem
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Richard D Kelly
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - David A Riccio
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Febronia M Mansour
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Kristen L Zuloaga
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY, 12208, USA.
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50
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Wang J, Qiao H, Wang Z, Zhao W, Chen T, Li B, Zhu L, Chen S, Gu L, Wu Y, Zhang Z, Bi L, Chen P. Rational Design and Acoustic Assembly of Human Cerebral Cortex-Like Microtissues from hiPSC-Derived Neural Progenitors and Neurons. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2210631. [PMID: 37170683 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202210631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Development of biologically relevant and clinically relevant human cerebral cortex models is demanded by mechanistic studies of human cerebral cortex-associated neurological diseases and discovery of preclinical neurological drug candidates. Here, rational design of human-sourced brain-like cortical tissue models is demonstrated by reverse engineering and bionic design. To implement this design, the acoustic assembly technique is employed to assemble hiPSC-derived neural progenitors and neurons separately in a label-free and contact-free manner followed by subsequent neural differentiation and culture. The generated microtissues encapsulate the neuronal microanatomy of human cerebral-cortex tissue that contains six-layered neuronal architecture, a 400-µm interlayer distance, synaptic connections between interlayers, and neuroelectrophysiological transmission. Furthermore, these microtissues are infected with herpes simplex virus type I (HSV-1) virus, and the HSV-induced pathogenesis associated with Alzheimer's disease is determined, including neuron loss and the expression of Aβ. Overall, a high-fidelity human-relevant in vitro histotypic model is provided for the cerebral cortex, which will facilitate wide applications in probing the mechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases and screening the candidates for neuroprotective agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jibo Wang
- Tissue Engineering and Organ Manufacturing (TEOM) Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Haowen Qiao
- Tissue Engineering and Organ Manufacturing (TEOM) Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Zhenyan Wang
- Tissue Engineering and Organ Manufacturing (TEOM) Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Wen Zhao
- Tissue Engineering and Organ Manufacturing (TEOM) Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Tissue Engineering and Organ Manufacturing (TEOM) Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Bin Li
- Tissue Engineering and Organ Manufacturing (TEOM) Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Lili Zhu
- Tissue Engineering and Organ Manufacturing (TEOM) Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Sihan Chen
- Tissue Engineering and Organ Manufacturing (TEOM) Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Longjun Gu
- Tissue Engineering and Organ Manufacturing (TEOM) Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Ying Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Zhentao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Linlin Bi
- Department of Pathology, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Pu Chen
- Tissue Engineering and Organ Manufacturing (TEOM) Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan, 430071, China
- TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
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